WEBVTT - Would you work a six day week?

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<v Speaker 1>Already and this is the Daily This is the Daily OS. Oh,

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<v Speaker 1>now it makes sense.

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<v Speaker 2>Good morning and welcome to the Daily OS. Happy Friday's

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<v Speaker 2>fifth of July.

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<v Speaker 1>I'm Zara, I'm Sam.

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<v Speaker 2>We've spoken many times on this podcast about the four

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<v Speaker 2>day working week, but it is safe to say that

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<v Speaker 2>I don't think we have ever spoken about a six

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<v Speaker 2>day working week.

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<v Speaker 1>Well, a six day.

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<v Speaker 2>Working week is the reality that some Greek workers are

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<v Speaker 2>facing now after the country's parliament passed a new labor

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<v Speaker 2>law that adds an extra eight hours to the working week,

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<v Speaker 2>and that is for some industries. It's an attempt to

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<v Speaker 2>address Greece's shrinking population and skills shortage. But in today's

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<v Speaker 2>deep Dive, Sam, we're going to explain that decision a

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<v Speaker 2>bit further. Before that deep dive, though, what's making headlines.

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<v Speaker 1>WA Senator Fatima Payman will become an independent senator after

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<v Speaker 1>quitting the Labour Party. Last week, Payman crossed the floor

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<v Speaker 1>going against the government to vote on the motion about

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<v Speaker 1>the recognition of the State of Palestine. Payman was suspended

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<v Speaker 1>from federal labor quote meeting and processes over the weekend

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<v Speaker 1>before she announced she would move to the cross bench. Yesterday.

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<v Speaker 1>The twenty nine year old said she was quote deeply

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<v Speaker 1>torn over her decision to quit labor, but that she

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<v Speaker 1>no longer believed her quote principles align with those of

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<v Speaker 1>the leadership of the Labour Party.

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<v Speaker 2>Authorities in Victoria have confirmed synthetic opioids were found in

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<v Speaker 2>four bodies in a Melbourne house last week. The state's

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<v Speaker 2>Health department has issued a drug alet for a white

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<v Speaker 2>opioid powder being sold as cocaine. Vick Health warned the

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<v Speaker 2>substance is over one hundred times more potent than heroin,

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<v Speaker 2>and said even small doses can have life threatening effects.

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<v Speaker 2>Comes after four people, including a seventeen year old boy,

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<v Speaker 2>were found dead in a Melbourne home on the twenty

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<v Speaker 2>sixth of June.

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<v Speaker 1>At least ten people are believed to have died during

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<v Speaker 1>a Category for storm in Jamaica called Hurricane Beryl. Prime

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<v Speaker 1>Minister Andrew Holness has declared an island wide emergency, with

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<v Speaker 1>curfew and evacuation orders in place. Neighbouring Caribbean nations have

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<v Speaker 1>also been impacted by the storm, with local authorities in

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<v Speaker 1>Saint Vincent's and the Grenadines warning about possible mass homelessness

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<v Speaker 1>and food shortages. The US National Hurricane Center has urged

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<v Speaker 1>parts of eastern Mexico and southern Texas to monitor Hurricane

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<v Speaker 1>Beryl's progress as attracts west over the next few days.

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<v Speaker 2>And today's good news, Australian scientists have made a breakthrough

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<v Speaker 2>discovery about the family lives of blue whales. A project

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<v Speaker 2>led by Charles Darwin University and A and U captured

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<v Speaker 2>a world first recording of a pygmy blue whale nursing

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<v Speaker 2>her calf underwater in timor less day. Evidence around where

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<v Speaker 2>blue whales reproduce and how they interact with their calves

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<v Speaker 2>has remained largely unknown in the scientific community, that is

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<v Speaker 2>until now. Okay, so Sam, we have spoken many times

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<v Speaker 2>about all the different movements towards a four day work week.

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<v Speaker 2>I think we've even explored whether we would do it.

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<v Speaker 1>There's a unique sort of reaction from audience members when

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<v Speaker 1>we talk about this. It really hits a nerve.

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<v Speaker 2>It does, and I mean there are obvious reasons having

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<v Speaker 2>less working days does seem extremely appealing for certain audiences.

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<v Speaker 2>But that's not actually what I want to talk to

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<v Speaker 2>you about today. I'm not sure if you're across it,

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<v Speaker 2>but Greece has just announced a six day working week

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<v Speaker 2>for some people.

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<v Speaker 1>Yeah, we've spent time on the four day working week,

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<v Speaker 1>and the reason for that being tabled is to give

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<v Speaker 1>people a better chance of the work life balance.

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<v Speaker 2>And I mean that's one of the reasons, the other

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<v Speaker 2>being productivity.

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<v Speaker 1>Right, and this has obviously come amidst more working from

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<v Speaker 1>home patterns after the pandemic. But the six day working

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<v Speaker 1>week now kind of moves the pendulum right the other way.

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<v Speaker 1>Where does this all come from.

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<v Speaker 2>Yeah, so look, it is a fairly unorthodox move, especially

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<v Speaker 2>in the context that we've just set up, which is

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<v Speaker 2>that I think the rest of the world is moving

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<v Speaker 2>in one direction and seemingly Greece is moving in an

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<v Speaker 2>entirely different one. To give you a bit of a

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<v Speaker 2>lay of the land, the Greek parliament passed a labor

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<v Speaker 2>law to add an extra eight hours to the working week.

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<v Speaker 2>So staff can choose between breaking this up into an

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<v Speaker 2>additional two hours a.

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<v Speaker 1>Day, so you could stay with a five day working

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<v Speaker 1>week long days.

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<v Speaker 2>Yeah, really long days, or you could work that extra

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<v Speaker 2>full shift in one go. And to get into the

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<v Speaker 2>specifics here, because I think a lot of headlines might

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<v Speaker 2>miss this, those people will get paid a forty percent

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<v Speaker 2>overtime bonus for working the additional hours, and most significantly,

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<v Speaker 2>it is optional.

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<v Speaker 1>Okay, this isn't a blankut.

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<v Speaker 2>Rule for every worker. It will only apply to certain

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<v Speaker 2>industries and it's to those industries that are working on

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<v Speaker 2>a twenty four hour basis, so like a manufacturing facility

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<v Speaker 2>or something like that. It's also we're not talking about

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<v Speaker 2>public hospitals or anything here, with only talking about private companies.

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<v Speaker 1>Okay, So the Greek Parliament has introduced this label law.

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<v Speaker 1>What did they say are the key reasons why they

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<v Speaker 1>think this is an important move?

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<v Speaker 2>Yeah, So the government's been pretty explicit as to why

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<v Speaker 2>they are introducing this, and it is part of a

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<v Speaker 2>suite of other reforms, so it's not a standalone bill.

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<v Speaker 2>This reform has mainly come about because of an issue

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<v Speaker 2>with the Greek economy. So essentially what's happening is that

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<v Speaker 2>there are lots and lots of well educated young Greek

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<v Speaker 2>people who are leaving the country to work elsewhere.

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<v Speaker 1>Interesting and on the kind of doorstep of Europe.

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<v Speaker 2>You've got a lot, you've got many options, and the

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<v Speaker 2>results of that, as you would expect, is that there

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<v Speaker 2>is a gap in productivity. We know that young workers

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<v Speaker 2>and specifically ones in skilled labor, would be contributing a

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<v Speaker 2>lot to the economy, and yet here we have this

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<v Speaker 2>gap that's emerged with this kind of mass exodus of

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<v Speaker 2>young Greek people that's alongside declining birth rates. And the

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<v Speaker 2>Greek Prime Minister has called all of this a bit

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<v Speaker 2>of a ticking time bomb and notional threat.

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<v Speaker 1>And this is on top of an economy that wasn't

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<v Speaker 1>particularly strong to start with. Over the last ten years, right.

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<v Speaker 2>Yeah, exactly, So Greece has had a fairly tumultuous economic

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<v Speaker 2>narrative emerge over the last decade or so. It has

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<v Speaker 2>faced extremely dire economic conditions, experiencing what we call a

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<v Speaker 2>debt crisis. In twenty fifteen, Greece defaulted on a one

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<v Speaker 2>point five billion euro loan from the IMF.

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<v Speaker 1>The International Monetary Fund.

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<v Speaker 2>Exactly, and it became the first developed country to do so.

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<v Speaker 2>I like vividly remember that. And this is an extremely

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<v Speaker 2>unnecessary anecdote, but I remember because I had just finished

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<v Speaker 2>school and was traveling and was in Greece, and it

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<v Speaker 2>was at the time where you couldn't take out any

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<v Speaker 2>money from any ATM. Themt ATMs exactly, and so I

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<v Speaker 2>had just a bit of cash in my suitcase that

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<v Speaker 2>I had to keep on me at all times. And

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<v Speaker 2>it was a really strange time.

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<v Speaker 1>Yeah, that was a really defining moment for the country,

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<v Speaker 1>and it was kind of eliciting images that we associate

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<v Speaker 1>with something like a great depression, like you know, massive

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<v Speaker 1>wheelbarrows of cash being carted around the country because inflation

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<v Speaker 1>was just so wild.

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<v Speaker 2>Yeah, and that was what it was like in Greece

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<v Speaker 2>for quite a while. It kind of began after the

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<v Speaker 2>GFC and then continued on for a fairly long time

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<v Speaker 2>until pretty recently. So it's only very recently that the

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<v Speaker 2>economy has actually begun to surge, which is a complete

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<v Speaker 2>three sixty. It's actually forecast to grow nearly three percent

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<v Speaker 2>this year. And the current government has taken credit for

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<v Speaker 2>really turning that economy around.

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<v Speaker 1>And so this current government is positioning itself as pro business.

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<v Speaker 1>They've put out this policy saying that people should work

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<v Speaker 1>an extra day. How have the Greek population responded to

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<v Speaker 1>this policy?

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<v Speaker 2>Look, I think it's fair to say that there has

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<v Speaker 2>been some pretty strong opposition, particularly from the unions. As

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<v Speaker 2>you would expect, so the unions are there to represent workers,

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<v Speaker 2>and so they are kind of the mouthpieces through which

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<v Speaker 2>we've heard this story. The new rules were met with

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<v Speaker 2>strike action by members of the unions. There was kind

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<v Speaker 2>of this immediate striking that happened. Greek people already work

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<v Speaker 2>the longest hours in Europe. Wow. Yeah, so they put

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<v Speaker 2>in an average of forty two hours a week according

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<v Speaker 2>to EU figures. And so I think that's what the

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<v Speaker 2>unions are really pointing to with their opposition to this

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<v Speaker 2>new law. They're arguing that the country is essentially putting

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<v Speaker 2>profits before people. I mean, it's a preticlear line of

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<v Speaker 2>argument there. One union leader has said that I'll quote here,

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<v Speaker 2>this has been passed by a government ideologically committed to

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<v Speaker 2>generating ever bigger profits for capital. He said, better productivity

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<v Speaker 2>comes with better work conditions, a better quality of life

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<v Speaker 2>for employees, and that we know is about less hours.

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<v Speaker 1>Not more. And that's kind of the four day work

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<v Speaker 1>week argument exactly.

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<v Speaker 2>And so he is saying there that they are trying

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<v Speaker 2>to increase productivity with this move, they're trying to stimulate

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<v Speaker 2>more action in the economy, they're trying to do all

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<v Speaker 2>these things. But the unions are firmly of the belief

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<v Speaker 2>that this will have the opposite effect. And I think

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<v Speaker 2>that there is also this argument that if the exit

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<v Speaker 2>is of young workers, these young workers can look anywhere

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<v Speaker 2>else in the world and see that they have more options,

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<v Speaker 2>more flexibility, and I can imagine that there is a

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<v Speaker 2>fear that this might further alienate those young Greek workers.

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<v Speaker 1>And are the government using any examples from Europe, but

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<v Speaker 1>even from around the world in driving this policy forward.

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<v Speaker 2>I mean, as I've said, it is a fairly unorthodox

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<v Speaker 2>move here. So we've kind of seen the opposite. As

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<v Speaker 2>I've insinuated, We've seen companies and some levels of government

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<v Speaker 2>in Germany, in France, the UK, Spain and Iceland, they've

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<v Speaker 2>all continued to experiment with what a flexible hybrid workplace

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<v Speaker 2>looks like. As well as these models for a four

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<v Speaker 2>day work week, there were these results from a UK

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<v Speaker 2>trial of sixty one companies that showed the shorter work

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<v Speaker 2>week improved productivity, morale and team culture. It even had

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<v Speaker 2>employee health outcomes increase as a result. Here in Australia

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<v Speaker 2>we've spoken about it, I believe on the pod before

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<v Speaker 2>an act Parliamentary committee has recommended a four day work

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<v Speaker 2>week trial for the public service sector. They think that

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<v Speaker 2>the sector is well placed to see how this four

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<v Speaker 2>day work week could succeed. In Australia more broadly, so overall,

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<v Speaker 2>the trend appears to be towards the four day work week,

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<v Speaker 2>not the six day workweek.

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<v Speaker 1>Zara, I've got one question to ask you that I've

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<v Speaker 1>been thinking about. Well, we've been chatting, so you said

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<v Speaker 1>the Greek people were already working some of the longest

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<v Speaker 1>hours in Europe forty two hours a week on average

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<v Speaker 1>on average. Wouldn't there be an argument to be made

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<v Speaker 1>that this legislation would just ensure that they're getting paid

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<v Speaker 1>for the work that they're already doing.

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<v Speaker 2>It's a good point, I think. When I was reading

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<v Speaker 2>about this, some of the concerns that kept arising was

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<v Speaker 2>the fact that there is already so much overtime being

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<v Speaker 2>done and not paid, as you just said, and the

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<v Speaker 2>reason for that is there is not a whole lot

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<v Speaker 2>of oversight, there's not a whole lot of policing of

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<v Speaker 2>these kind of overtime.

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<v Speaker 1>Hours, particularly in the private sector exactly.

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<v Speaker 2>And the concern is that this will just extend to

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<v Speaker 2>these new hours that they're interesting. You're supposedly only meant

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<v Speaker 2>to be doing this additional block. You'll get compensated for that.

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<v Speaker 2>But then if employees are expecting more on top of that,

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<v Speaker 2>who is enforcing that sort of fair compensation And if

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<v Speaker 2>that is absent, then we're looking at further issues for

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<v Speaker 2>these employees who are already working over time and might

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<v Speaker 2>even have to do more hours.

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<v Speaker 1>Wow, a seven day work week.

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<v Speaker 2>That's obviously just one hypothetical, but it is a concern

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<v Speaker 2>that I've read about, particularly that's been voiced by the

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<v Speaker 2>unions in Greece.

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<v Speaker 1>I'd love to know what you guys think listening from home.

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<v Speaker 1>If you've got any thoughts on this, feel free to

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<v Speaker 1>dm us on Instagram over the weekend with your thoughts

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<v Speaker 1>on what you think of the policy in Greece at

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<v Speaker 1>the moment. And thank you for joining us on the

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<v Speaker 1>Daily OS this week. It's been a big week of

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<v Speaker 1>podcasting here and we'll be back again in your ears

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<v Speaker 1>on Monday morning. A quick shout out though, I'll put

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<v Speaker 1>a link in today's show notes to our email sign up,

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<v Speaker 1>because every Saturday we now send out a long read,

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<v Speaker 1>and that's one read that we think you'd enjoy on

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<v Speaker 1>your Saturday morning. If you throw your email in today,

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<v Speaker 1>you'll get one in you inbox tomorrow morning. We'll be

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<v Speaker 1>back again on Monday to you then. My name is

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<v Speaker 1>Lily Maddon and I'm a proud Arunda Bunjelung Calcadion woman

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<v Speaker 1>from Gadighl Country. The Daily oz acknowledges that this podcast

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<v Speaker 1>is recorded on the lands of the Gadighl people and

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<v Speaker 1>pays respect to all Aboriginal and torrest Rate island and nations.

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<v Speaker 1>We pay our respects to the first peoples of these countries,

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<v Speaker 1>both past and present.