WEBVTT - Why everyone is talking about two astronauts

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<v Speaker 1>Already and this is the Daily This is the Daily OS. Oh,

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<v Speaker 1>now it makes sense. Good morning, and welcome to the

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<v Speaker 1>Daily OS. It's Thursday, the twentieth of March. I'm Billy,

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<v Speaker 1>I'm Zara. Yesterday you likely saw the news that the

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<v Speaker 1>two astronauts, Sunny Williams and Butch Wilmore, arrived back on

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<v Speaker 1>Earth after an unplanned nine months at the International Space Station.

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<v Speaker 1>The capsule carrying the astronauts splashed down yesterday morning our time,

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<v Speaker 1>surrounded by dolphins on a beautiful sunny day. It was

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<v Speaker 1>an extraordinary ending to a long saga that has captured

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<v Speaker 1>the attention of the world. Today, we're going to take

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<v Speaker 1>you back to why the astronauts were in space for

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<v Speaker 1>so long in the first place, and what happens now

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<v Speaker 1>that they are back on Earth.

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<v Speaker 2>Billy, we did a podcast on this very topic a

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<v Speaker 2>few months I remember you were dying to tell the

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<v Speaker 2>story of these two astronauts back then. And now they

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<v Speaker 2>finally arrived back to Earth. That is cause for celebration.

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<v Speaker 2>But I don't want to get ahead of ourselves, so

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<v Speaker 2>I do just want to start, maybe for those who

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<v Speaker 2>didn't listen to that last episode, with just some context

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<v Speaker 2>setting as to why the hell we're talking about these

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<v Speaker 2>astronauts for a second time.

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<v Speaker 1>Yeah, I think it's so interesting. So this all has

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<v Speaker 1>to do with commercial space travels, so the privatization of

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<v Speaker 1>the space industry, and it all starts because of Boeing,

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<v Speaker 1>which you likely will be familiar with because they are

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<v Speaker 1>the US plane manufacturer and they were wanting to test

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<v Speaker 1>their first crewed spacecraft.

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<v Speaker 2>I think a lot of people will also know Boeing

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<v Speaker 2>because they've made headlines a lot recently.

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<v Speaker 1>Yes, that is not why people know them. They know them.

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<v Speaker 1>You know. Boeing is often the aircraft that we would

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<v Speaker 1>travel on when traveling via plane. But we're talking about

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<v Speaker 1>them today because in this scenario, they were wanting to

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<v Speaker 1>test their first crewed spacecraft. So they were wanting to

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<v Speaker 1>send humans into space for the time via their own spacecrafts,

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<v Speaker 1>and so they had this deal with NASA. Now, the

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<v Speaker 1>deal was that NASA would provide the astronauts and Boeing

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<v Speaker 1>would provide the spacecraft, and the whole aim was to

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<v Speaker 1>see if Boeing could provide a safe way to get

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<v Speaker 1>to the International Space Station, which, if you're not familiar

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<v Speaker 1>with the ISS, it is just a large spacecraft that

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<v Speaker 1>orbits Earth and it allows astronauts from all different countries

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<v Speaker 1>to live there in space. Now with this Boeing basically

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<v Speaker 1>this Boeing experiment, there were two astronauts on board and

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<v Speaker 1>they were called Butch Wilmore and Sunny Williams. Now they

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<v Speaker 1>took off in early June. I should mention there was

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<v Speaker 1>this whole saga leading up to it. You know, there

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<v Speaker 1>were so many delays even before this launch. It was

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<v Speaker 1>really a decade process of getting to the point that

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<v Speaker 1>they were able to lift off. But we're starting in

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<v Speaker 1>early June last year when they did lift off and

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<v Speaker 1>they arrived at the International Space Station safely a few

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<v Speaker 1>days later. Now, the plan, as I'm sure many of

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<v Speaker 1>us are now familiar with, was for them to only

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<v Speaker 1>be there for about a week or about eight days,

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<v Speaker 1>and then they were going to return to Earth on

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<v Speaker 1>the Boeing spacecraft that they had arrived in, which is

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<v Speaker 1>called the star Liner. But long story short, there were

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<v Speaker 1>many issues with that with star Liner, and it wasn't

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<v Speaker 1>safe for them to come home, and so their return

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<v Speaker 1>to Earth kept getting delayed, and eventually it was decided

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<v Speaker 1>in September last year that star Liner would return to Earth,

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<v Speaker 1>but without Butch and Sonny. So Butch and Sunny would

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<v Speaker 1>stay at the International Space Station.

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<v Speaker 2>And so it was about this time that this narrative

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<v Speaker 2>really emerged, at least in the media, that these two

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<v Speaker 2>astronauts were essentially just stuck in space. I guess indefinitely.

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<v Speaker 1>Yeah, that word stuck or stranded is another word that

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<v Speaker 1>keeps being thrown around by the media, although Butch and

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<v Speaker 1>Sunny and also NASA, they have always rejected that wording

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<v Speaker 1>that they are stuck or stranded. The other day, I

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<v Speaker 1>was listening to an interview that they did with The

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<v Speaker 1>New York Times The Daily podcast, and Michael Babaro, the host, said,

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<v Speaker 1>if you guys don't want us to describe you as

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<v Speaker 1>stuck or stranded, how do we describe this situation where

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<v Speaker 1>you have been in space and at every step it

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<v Speaker 1>really has been delayed.

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<v Speaker 2>You're meant to be there for a week, and you've

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<v Speaker 2>been for many, many months.

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<v Speaker 1>And their answer was, we're just working and having fun.

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<v Speaker 1>And I thought that response really speaks to their spirit

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<v Speaker 1>this entire time. You know, whilst down here on Earth

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<v Speaker 1>we have been saying, oh my goodness, we kind of

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<v Speaker 1>all see it as like this horrific prolonged work trip

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<v Speaker 1>that we would all hate to be on. But their

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<v Speaker 1>spirit and their attitude towards this the entire time has

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<v Speaker 1>been so positive.

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<v Speaker 2>We did have a discussion in the office about who

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<v Speaker 2>in our office would be best suited to being stuck

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<v Speaker 2>in space. We quickly ruled ourselves out as viable options.

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<v Speaker 2>Sam put his hand up as a viable option forgetting

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<v Speaker 2>that he has significant asthma and can't see out of

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<v Speaker 2>one eye. So look, the prospects are dwindling, but it's

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<v Speaker 2>clear that there is a temperament and certainly an optimism

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<v Speaker 2>that is built into the people that go to space.

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<v Speaker 1>Yeah, they clearly are really calm personalities. I remember the

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<v Speaker 1>story about Neil Armstrong, the first man to walk on

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<v Speaker 1>the Moon, and they said that his heart rate was

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<v Speaker 1>ridiculously low when he took off from Earth.

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<v Speaker 2>My heart rate goes off the charts when we go

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<v Speaker 2>through like mild turbulence on a flight to Melbourne.

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<v Speaker 1>For many of us, that is true, But I guess

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<v Speaker 1>astronauts are just built differently. I've watched so many press

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<v Speaker 1>conferences and so many interviews that these two have done,

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<v Speaker 1>and again, their attitude is just so positive. Here's Sunny

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<v Speaker 1>talking earlier this month.

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<v Speaker 3>Oh don't remind him the snipey my last flights. That's

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<v Speaker 3>a little sad. I'm trying not to think about it

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<v Speaker 3>too much, you know, because, like I mentioned earlier, being

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<v Speaker 3>in space is just pretty spectacular, and you know, having

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<v Speaker 3>the opportunity to come up here, I know, we're very,

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<v Speaker 3>very lucky, and having the opportunity to come up here

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<v Speaker 3>three times has just been amazing.

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<v Speaker 1>So while we're all talking about, oh my god, when

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<v Speaker 1>are they coming home, she's saying, oh my god, this

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<v Speaker 1>is going to be the last trip that I probably

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<v Speaker 1>do in space. I'm just trying to savor every last moment.

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<v Speaker 2>Look, it is really a matter of perspective and certainly

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<v Speaker 2>an interesting thing to witness from down here on Earth.

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<v Speaker 2>I am really curious, though, what do we know, or

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<v Speaker 2>what do we understand at least about what the astronauts

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<v Speaker 2>were doing up there, whether or not they were stuck,

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<v Speaker 2>stranded or anything else.

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<v Speaker 1>No, they were just having fun, just having fun. Well,

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<v Speaker 1>they literally just worked. They did what astronauts do at

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<v Speaker 1>the International Space Station, so they did a lot of

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<v Speaker 1>maintenance on the station. They also did nearly one thousand

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<v Speaker 1>hours of scientific research.

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<v Speaker 2>Sorry, I just have to interrupt you. I was just

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<v Speaker 2>thinking about the facts that we have right to disconnect

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<v Speaker 2>laws as and imagine that they were like, now you

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<v Speaker 2>contracted us for a week, you cannot contact us outside

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<v Speaker 2>of this week. Sorry, go on.

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<v Speaker 3>Yeah.

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<v Speaker 1>No, their entire life literally revolved around being in space.

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<v Speaker 1>They also completed spacewalks, and whilst they were there, Sunny

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<v Speaker 1>actually set the record for the most time spent on

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<v Speaker 1>spacewalks cumulatively for a female. So she has now spent

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<v Speaker 1>sixty two hours and six minutes over her career doing spacewalks. Reminder,

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<v Speaker 1>this is her third time in space, so that's not

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<v Speaker 1>just the time spent on spacewalks this trip. This is

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<v Speaker 1>now her third and like I said, probably her last

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<v Speaker 1>time in space.

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<v Speaker 2>I imagine that if you're spending that much time doing spacewalks,

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<v Speaker 2>you'd see some pretty incredible things.

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<v Speaker 3>Yeah.

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<v Speaker 1>Even just from the International Space Station, you can literally

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<v Speaker 1>see Earth. Quick side note, they have been able to

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<v Speaker 1>see quite a few natural disasters from space, which I'm

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<v Speaker 1>sure would have been at times quite devastating to watch

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<v Speaker 1>on and probably feeling so helpless. Last July, they actually

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<v Speaker 1>saw a hurricane hit Houston, where they're from, and storm

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<v Speaker 1>that they were watching actually took off the roof of

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<v Speaker 1>Butch Wilmore's home.

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<v Speaker 2>Wow.

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<v Speaker 1>Yeah, So he heard that news from his family, who

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<v Speaker 1>they have been able to communicate with while they have

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<v Speaker 1>been in space. And they also saw the fires in

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<v Speaker 1>La unfold earlier this year, so they have been able

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<v Speaker 1>to see a lot from.

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<v Speaker 2>Space, really a bird's eye view of everything that's happening here.

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<v Speaker 2>So bially that brings us to now to the present

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<v Speaker 2>where we have finally had these astronauts return home. What

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<v Speaker 2>did that journey look like and why? Now? How did

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<v Speaker 2>it happen?

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<v Speaker 1>It actually has a lot to do with Elon Musk. So,

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<v Speaker 1>as I'm sure many of you know, Elon Musk, the billionaire,

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<v Speaker 1>one of the richest men in the world. He is

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<v Speaker 1>the owner of X, He's the co founder of Tezla,

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<v Speaker 1>and he also is the founder and CEO of SpaceX.

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<v Speaker 2>It's so interesting that we've obviously spoken about Elon Musk

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<v Speaker 2>a lot on this podcast, but often for very different reasons.

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<v Speaker 2>I've spoken about it in the context of X, now,

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<v Speaker 2>in the context of the US presidency, and now in

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<v Speaker 2>a completely different context as the CEO of SpaceX.

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<v Speaker 1>A man with many fingers in many different pies. So

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<v Speaker 1>SpaceX also has a deal with NASA, just like Boeing,

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<v Speaker 1>as I was mentioning earlier, to send astronauts into space.

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<v Speaker 1>And actually in twenty twenty, SpaceX was the first private

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<v Speaker 1>company to launch humans into space. So that again goes

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<v Speaker 1>to the conversation about the commercial space travel industry. And

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<v Speaker 1>so SpaceX sent two astronauts into space. They sent them

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<v Speaker 1>to the International Space Station, and they returned them home safely.

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<v Speaker 1>And like I said, that's exactly what Boeing was trying

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<v Speaker 1>to do but wasn't quite able to do. But yeah,

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<v Speaker 1>that was in twenty twenty one way to escape a

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<v Speaker 1>pandemic by going to stay true.

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<v Speaker 2>So then how does SpaceX enter this story? What's Ela

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<v Speaker 2>Musk's role in this?

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<v Speaker 1>So because Boeing couldn't provide a safe spacecraft to return

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<v Speaker 1>the astronauts to Earth, SpaceX then stepped in and sent

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<v Speaker 1>their spacecraft to save the astronauts. Now it's because of

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<v Speaker 1>this that this story actually became somewhat of a political storm.

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<v Speaker 1>Earlier this year, President Trump and Elon Musk basically accused

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<v Speaker 1>the former administration under Joe Biden of abandoning Butcher and Sonny,

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<v Speaker 1>and they phrased the launching of SpaceX to go get

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<v Speaker 1>them as basically this big rescue mission ordered by the

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<v Speaker 1>White House. Mask also claimed that the Biden administration rejected

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<v Speaker 1>his offer to bring them home sooner. NASA has said

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<v Speaker 1>that they don't know exactly about that offer, and they've

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<v Speaker 1>really tried to steer the conversation away from politics. And

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<v Speaker 1>I think every time they hear NASA and also Butcher

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<v Speaker 1>and Sunny talking about what they're doing at the International

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<v Speaker 1>Space Station, they really talk about doing this for the

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<v Speaker 1>betterment of society and for humankind, and they really tried

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<v Speaker 1>to steer the conversation away from politics. But once the

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<v Speaker 1>astronauts did splash down yesterday, Musk thanked Trump for prioritizing

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<v Speaker 1>the mission.

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<v Speaker 2>Billy, there's one thing that I have not such thinking

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<v Speaker 2>about since these astronauts hit planet Earth, and that is

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<v Speaker 2>what that long in space would do to your body,

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<v Speaker 2>into your mind. You know. It's one thing to prepare

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<v Speaker 2>for a mission that is going to take a certain

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<v Speaker 2>period of time. It's another to be there, I guess

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<v Speaker 2>by accident. For that long have we heard from them, like,

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<v Speaker 2>what has this done to them.

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<v Speaker 1>Yeah, well, part of the research that they were doing

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<v Speaker 1>at the International Space Station was looking at what that

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<v Speaker 1>kind of time in space does do to the human body.

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<v Speaker 2>Interesting.

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<v Speaker 1>The first thing to take note of is the fact

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<v Speaker 1>that there is obviously no gravity in space, so whenever

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<v Speaker 1>you see the press conferences of them, you'll see them

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<v Speaker 1>floating around, you'll see the hair floating.

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<v Speaker 2>An I'm time why they don't put their hair in ponytails.

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<v Speaker 1>I looked this up and the answer was basically, there's

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<v Speaker 1>no need for ponytails because if the idea of that

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<v Speaker 1>is to put your hair back, the lack of gravity

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<v Speaker 1>basically does that for you. So there's literally just no need.

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<v Speaker 2>It feels it would be annoying, but that's just my

0:12:02.760 --> 0:12:05.400
<v Speaker 2>absolutely no empirical basis point.

0:12:05.640 --> 0:12:07.880
<v Speaker 1>Yeah. I was fascinated by that as well, because when

0:12:07.960 --> 0:12:11.600
<v Speaker 1>the other astronauts arrived earlier this week, another female also

0:12:11.760 --> 0:12:14.240
<v Speaker 1>had her hair just everywhere, and that's why I looked

0:12:14.280 --> 0:12:16.320
<v Speaker 1>it up, because I was like, surely it's annoying, but

0:12:16.360 --> 0:12:20.360
<v Speaker 1>apparently the answer is no. Just on the absence of gravity,

0:12:20.480 --> 0:12:24.440
<v Speaker 1>it really does have a huge impact on the human body,

0:12:24.760 --> 0:12:28.880
<v Speaker 1>particularly on the density of bones, so astronauts have to

0:12:28.880 --> 0:12:32.160
<v Speaker 1>be super fit, particularly when they are there in space.

0:12:32.440 --> 0:12:36.040
<v Speaker 1>They actually need to exercise for two hours every single day,

0:12:36.640 --> 0:12:39.960
<v Speaker 1>every day, every single day, two hours. Yeah, to counteract

0:12:40.120 --> 0:12:43.240
<v Speaker 1>the fact that they are losing bone density whilst they're

0:12:43.559 --> 0:12:48.120
<v Speaker 1>and so they have things like they have they have

0:12:48.160 --> 0:12:50.520
<v Speaker 1>a treadmill there and they kind of have this harness

0:12:50.559 --> 0:12:53.160
<v Speaker 1>to make sure that they're not floating away. They also

0:12:53.240 --> 0:12:57.559
<v Speaker 1>have special space weights so that again they can make

0:12:57.600 --> 0:13:01.000
<v Speaker 1>sure that their bone density is still keep up. And

0:13:01.040 --> 0:13:02.520
<v Speaker 1>so that's the kind of things that they have to

0:13:02.520 --> 0:13:06.240
<v Speaker 1>do to prevent there being a huge impact once they

0:13:06.320 --> 0:13:09.520
<v Speaker 1>arrive back on Earth, and now that they are home,

0:13:09.640 --> 0:13:12.559
<v Speaker 1>NASA and their medical team will be doing a lot

0:13:12.640 --> 0:13:15.760
<v Speaker 1>of research on testing to better understand the impact of

0:13:15.920 --> 0:13:19.280
<v Speaker 1>spaceflight on the human body. But as we speak at

0:13:19.280 --> 0:13:21.720
<v Speaker 1>the moment, they very likely have doctors around them making

0:13:21.760 --> 0:13:23.640
<v Speaker 1>sure that they are all good to go and that

0:13:23.679 --> 0:13:26.680
<v Speaker 1>they can readapt to life on Earth because even something

0:13:26.800 --> 0:13:29.840
<v Speaker 1>like walking, that's something that they have not done for

0:13:30.000 --> 0:13:34.640
<v Speaker 1>nine months, so they really need to readapt to Earth again.

0:13:35.080 --> 0:13:37.080
<v Speaker 2>Can you just imagine going to bed for the first

0:13:37.120 --> 0:13:41.199
<v Speaker 2>time that night, Yeah, Like, what would you be thinking about?

0:13:41.360 --> 0:13:42.880
<v Speaker 2>I just want to talk to them. Maybe we'll get

0:13:42.880 --> 0:13:44.200
<v Speaker 2>them on the podcast. Yeah.

0:13:44.320 --> 0:13:46.160
<v Speaker 1>Look, I thought about this. I was like, we should

0:13:46.200 --> 0:13:48.360
<v Speaker 1>reach out to NASA, and then I remember the time

0:13:48.400 --> 0:13:50.920
<v Speaker 1>that they did an interview with NASA and I forgot

0:13:50.960 --> 0:13:52.840
<v Speaker 1>to hit record and it was one of the most

0:13:52.880 --> 0:13:55.000
<v Speaker 1>embarrassing moments of my life. And I shall never be

0:13:55.000 --> 0:13:55.840
<v Speaker 1>reaching out to them again.

0:13:55.920 --> 0:13:59.160
<v Speaker 2>Okay, well, NASA, if you're listening, we would love to

0:13:59.200 --> 0:14:02.600
<v Speaker 2>speak to your incredible astronauts, so you can make that happen.

0:14:04.080 --> 0:14:06.240
<v Speaker 2>All right, Well, Billy, thank you so much for explaining

0:14:06.360 --> 0:14:08.480
<v Speaker 2>good story, and thank you for joining us for another

0:14:08.520 --> 0:14:11.360
<v Speaker 2>episode of The Daily Oas. We'll be back as usual

0:14:11.440 --> 0:14:14.120
<v Speaker 2>with the afternoon headlines later today, but until then, have

0:14:14.160 --> 0:14:18.640
<v Speaker 2>a great day.

0:14:18.960 --> 0:14:21.240
<v Speaker 1>My name is Lily Maddon and I'm a proud Arunda

0:14:21.480 --> 0:14:26.280
<v Speaker 1>Bungelung Chalcuton woman from Gadighl Country. The Daily oz acknowledges

0:14:26.360 --> 0:14:28.520
<v Speaker 1>that this podcast is recorded on the lands of the

0:14:28.560 --> 0:14:32.080
<v Speaker 1>Gadighl people and pays respect to all Aboriginal and Torres

0:14:32.120 --> 0:14:35.040
<v Speaker 1>Straight Island and nations. We pay our respects to the

0:14:35.040 --> 0:14:37.840
<v Speaker 1>first peoples of these countries, both past and present.