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Speaker 1: Already and this is the daily.

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Speaker 2: This is the daily, This is the daily.

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Speaker 1: Ohs oh, now it makes sense. Hello and welcome to

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Speaker 1: the Daily OS. It's Tuesday, the twenty fifth of June.

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Speaker 2: I'm Sam, I'm Lucy.

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Speaker 1: Last week, for a brief moment, tech company and Video

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Speaker 1: became the most valuable company in the world, overtaking Microsoft.

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Speaker 1: While Microsoft has now clawed its way back, just for now,

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Speaker 1: it's clear that Nvidia is going to only grow in

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Speaker 1: its influence, value and technological capabilities. But what exactly is

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Speaker 1: and Video? What do they make? And why is it

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Speaker 1: worth so much? In twenty twenty four, We're going to

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Speaker 1: break all of this down for you in today's deep dive.

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Speaker 1: But first, Lucy, what is making headlines?

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Speaker 2: Three teenage boys have been arrested over the brawl that

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Speaker 2: shut down an Adelaide shopping center over the weekend. Westfield

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Speaker 2: Marion and Adelaide's South was evacuated on Sunday afternoon after

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Speaker 2: a fight broke out in the food court. The three boys,

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Speaker 2: aged fifteen and sixteen, have been charged with as salt

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Speaker 2: and aggravated robbery. Police say investigations are ongoing.

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Speaker 1: Australia's Agriculture Minister Murray Watt has said there is quote

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Speaker 1: absolutely no risk of egg supply shortages following a second

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Speaker 1: detection of bird flu at a farm in New South Wales.

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Speaker 1: Both farms where bird flu has been detected in New

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Speaker 1: South Wales are within the state government's biosecurity zone, where

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Speaker 1: four farms are currently under quarantine. What said the spread

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Speaker 1: of the disease in Victoria, where seven farms have confirmed cases,

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Speaker 1: is being quote brought under control.

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Speaker 2: Over eighty percent of deaths during Hajj, the Muslim pilgrimage

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Speaker 2: to the city of Mecca or Macha in Saudi Arabia,

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Speaker 2: were people who weren't registered to be there. The Saudi

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Speaker 2: Arabian government requires pilgrims to register and pay online for

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Speaker 2: Hajj packages ahead of time, which include transport and accommodation.

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Speaker 2: The Saudi Health Minister said unread just died pilgrims had

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Speaker 2: quote walked long distances under direct sunlight without adequate shelter

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Speaker 2: or comfort, including several elderly and chronically ill individuals. Temperatures

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Speaker 2: in the area have hovered around forty five to fifty

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Speaker 2: degrees celsius.

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Speaker 1: And today's good news Iceland's government is increasing the number

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Speaker 1: of artists it funds for the first time since two

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Speaker 1: thousand and nine. Under a grant system called the Artist's

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Speaker 1: Salary Fund. Visual artists, musicians, writers and others are paid

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Speaker 1: a monthly allowance. That program now covers artists over the

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Speaker 1: age of sixty seven and screenwriters. The Minister of Culture

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Speaker 1: and Trade in Iceland said income is one thing, but

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Speaker 1: it is equally important to nurture our identity as a nation.

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Speaker 2: So SAM and Nvidia last week became the most valuable

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Speaker 2: company in the world. Went past Microsoft, went past.

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Speaker 1: Apple, just for a brief moment, very.

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Speaker 2: Briefly, for one shining moment, hit a market cap of

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Speaker 2: five point one trillion Australian dollars three trillion US. While

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Speaker 2: Microsoft has since got its own back, it's clear and

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Speaker 2: video is not slipping out of the top anytime soon, right,

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Speaker 2: So talk to me about in video? What are they?

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Speaker 2: What do they do? Why have I suddenly been hearing

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Speaker 2: about them?

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Speaker 1: I feel like it's the most valuable company in the

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Speaker 1: world you've never heard of, and I thought this would

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Speaker 1: be a really cool opportunity to break down what they

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Speaker 1: do because they're deep in the world's AI revolution, and

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Speaker 1: as we all know that has exploded in popularity and

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Speaker 1: curiosity in the last couple of years. Figuring out how

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Speaker 1: AI is incorporated into at least your work, if not

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Speaker 1: your life has almost become a necessity for most jobs.

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Speaker 1: But I feel like we're all still playing around with

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Speaker 1: exactly how to use it. So this is how in

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Speaker 1: VideA comes into it, and Video specializes in designing graphics

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Speaker 1: processing units or GPUs. I'm not going to do a

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Speaker 1: lot of tech jargon. This is the one piece of

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Speaker 1: tech jargon you need to remember. So GPUs a crew

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Speaker 1: for high performance computing, and that's the general area that

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Speaker 1: AI fits into. Basically, it's the brain that helps AI

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Speaker 1: be AI. So if you boil it all down, AI

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Speaker 1: involves a bunch of little tasks and processes done super

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Speaker 1: super quickly, and the GPU is the tool that makes

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Speaker 1: everything run smoothly and quickly. So when Video started in

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Speaker 1: the nineties, it was actually started as a company that

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Speaker 1: focused on graphics for games, but since then it has exploded.

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Speaker 1: It now has reached into artificial intelligence. It also does

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Speaker 1: data centers we'll talk about what they are soon, and

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Speaker 1: autonomous vehicles.

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Speaker 2: I think I know about like graphics cards for gaming,

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Speaker 2: is that what a GPU is.

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Speaker 1: Is it like a physical thing exactly. It's kind of

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Speaker 1: a small physical card. It can be big based on

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Speaker 1: the machine that is put inside a piece of technology

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Speaker 1: like a phone or the laptop in front of you,

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Speaker 1: and it helps the technology process images and videos quickly. Now,

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Speaker 1: its neighbor inside the machine is called the CPU, and

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Speaker 1: that's the central processing unit, and that handles pretty much

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Speaker 1: everything else. So it leaves the graphics and visuals to

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Speaker 1: the GPU and it runs the rest of the show.

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Speaker 2: How does and Video get from being the gaming graphics

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Speaker 2: company to the most important company in the world because

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Speaker 2: it's so essential to AI.

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Speaker 1: I was trying to work out whether this was a

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Speaker 1: case of right place, right time and stumbling across an

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Speaker 1: amazing opportunity or just incredible foresight, and I think it's

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Speaker 1: probably a little bit of both. So when the early

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Speaker 1: two thousands, and Video had been in business for ten years,

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Speaker 1: they recognized that their GPUs, which like I said before,

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Speaker 1: were the little chips that produced visuals and graphics for

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Speaker 1: video games, they were also really good at other processing tasks.

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Speaker 1: And so essentially what they found was that this little

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Speaker 1: chip could, regardless of the subject matter, take one task

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Speaker 1: and break it up into thousands of smaller independent tasks,

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Speaker 1: and complete it all at once. Think about if you

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Speaker 1: ask an AI generator to make a photo of you

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Speaker 1: as a Pixar character. So the AI system needs to

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Speaker 1: in only a couple of seconds, work out what it

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Speaker 1: picks our character actually looks like, what you look like,

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Speaker 1: how it can make you look like that, which colors

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Speaker 1: to use, how to frame you, which expressions it once

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Speaker 1: on your face, and how to actually present it back

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Speaker 1: to you as a JPEG. And then it actually has

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Speaker 1: to make all of that. That's a lot of brain power,

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Speaker 1: and Video's technology is the key behind what makes all

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Speaker 1: of that happen so quickly, I mean in some cases

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Speaker 1: basically instantly. And so once they tapped into this big

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Speaker 1: idea that their technology could do all these different smaller

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Speaker 1: tasks at once, this really opened up the world to

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Speaker 1: them and they started getting more involved in the way

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Speaker 1: that scientific research is conducted artificial intelligence, and in those spaces,

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Speaker 1: massive amounts of data needs to be processed really quickly.

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Speaker 2: So they've got this technology that is really good at

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Speaker 2: doing the one thing everyone needs right now is that

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Speaker 2: kind of how they start making a lot of money exactly.

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Speaker 1: So what they actually sell, I mean, how they actually

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Speaker 1: get your credit card details off you and make their

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Speaker 1: money is they sell the technology both as physical technology,

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Speaker 1: as the little chips, or as software. They've got some

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Speaker 1: programs that you can buy. And I feel like this

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Speaker 1: is almost the most simple bit. They're kind of just

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Speaker 1: a shopfront with some really cool technology that they own themselves,

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Speaker 1: and they've patented all of that technology. And what a

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Speaker 1: patent means is they own the rights to how that

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Speaker 1: particular product works and it can't be copied. So if

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Speaker 1: you think about Coca Cola or your favorite recipe for

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Speaker 1: a chocolate cake.

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Speaker 2: The original light bulbs Edison bowl right exactly.

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Speaker 1: So the original patents of these ideas that end up

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Speaker 1: being in everybody's devices can be really really powerful. And

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Speaker 1: they've got thousands of patents and they've actually applied for

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Speaker 1: a lot more so they're still growing. But to give

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Speaker 1: you a sense of what you're using in daily life

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Speaker 1: that has an Nvidia product inside it. They're used in HP,

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Speaker 1: Dell and Lenovo laptops. They're inside a Nintendo switch, they're

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Speaker 1: in Volvos, Audi's and Mercedes Benz either the technology that

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Speaker 1: runs the car and soon autonomous view. That's all really

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Speaker 1: good the kind of consumer side of things for them,

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Speaker 1: But the real money is when they sell heaps of

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Speaker 1: chips to data centers and huge servers. So if we

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Speaker 1: go back to CHATJBT, Chat GBT is made with Nvideo

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Speaker 1: GPUs so in Video Brain okay, so OpenAI partnered with

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Speaker 1: Microsoft to make chat GPT. They built the brain with

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Speaker 1: thousands of N Video chips that they bought from Nvideo,

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Speaker 1: and as CHATJPT gets more popular, they're just going to

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Speaker 1: have to order more chips from Video. And it doesn't

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Speaker 1: stop there. I mean Adobe is now using Nvideo to

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Speaker 1: incorporate AI into its software like Photoshop or Premiere Blackmagic,

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Speaker 1: which are the cameras we use to film this podcast.

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Speaker 1: They're using it in their editing and graphics software Windows

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Speaker 1: Copilot AI is using it. I mean, this is going

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Speaker 1: on and on. It's everywhere.

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Speaker 2: So in videos making a lot of money.

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Speaker 1: Right, It's making a lot of money, but not as

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Speaker 1: much as I thought it would make. So last calendar

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Speaker 1: year they made about twenty seven billion US dollars, which

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Speaker 1: is a lot. I mean, if the daily os made

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Speaker 1: that much money, we'd be pretty pumped. But it is

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Speaker 1: not as much as a company like Apple. So Apple

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Speaker 1: made three hundred and eighty three billion dollars and then

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Speaker 1: the question becomes, well, how do you build a company

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Speaker 1: as valuable as Apple if you're doing, you know, less

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Speaker 1: than ten percent of that revenue. And I guess the

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Speaker 1: answer there is the potential. So how big the available

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Speaker 1: market is? I mean, realistically speaking, for Apple to go

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Speaker 1: from three hundred and eighty three billion to seven hundred

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Speaker 1: billion is going to be really really tough. Yeah, most

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Speaker 1: of us have iPhones or an Apple products somewhere. They

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Speaker 1: don't really have another explosive growth moment unless they build

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Speaker 1: new products before and video. They're just getting started and

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Speaker 1: the growth is really just beginning.

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Speaker 2: Yeah, and it seems like there's not really going to

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Speaker 2: be any way of slowing them down right.

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Speaker 1: No, I mean AI is now everywhere, think about autonomous vehicles,

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Speaker 1: virtual reality, all of these products need and video or

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Speaker 1: something like it. But n VideA is also expanding the

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Speaker 1: types of products they make, and it now pretty much

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Speaker 1: has a deal with every tech company in the world

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Speaker 1: except for Apple. Because Apple have their own version of

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Speaker 1: the GBU that's called the Apple Silicon Chip. But now

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Speaker 1: their client bases stuff like research institutions, financial institutions, healthcare providers.

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Speaker 1: I mean, most X ray machines are going to have

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Speaker 1: and video chips in them soon. And even governments want

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Speaker 1: powerful computing hardware to train their own AI models, to

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Speaker 1: make new AI models. All of those organizations need data centers,

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Speaker 1: they all need cloud computing, and those two use again

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Speaker 1: and video technology. And the really scary thing, as I

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Speaker 1: said before about this potential, is that I really do

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Speaker 1: think that they're sprinting out of the blocks with AI

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Speaker 1: in order not to get caught. So the big threat

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Speaker 1: here is that another company like Intel is actually going

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Speaker 1: to overtake them. So and video is going super hard,

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Speaker 1: super early to try to get out in front and

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Speaker 1: have an uncatchable lead.

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Speaker 2: Whenever a company starts really taking off like this, I

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Speaker 2: feel like they're always concerns. Certainly, I've read about some

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Speaker 2: of the environmental challenges around AI. What are some of

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Speaker 2: the concerns around in video.

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Speaker 1: Well, I've kind of broken it down into three main concerns. Power,

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Speaker 1: not you know, plug it into the war power, but

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Speaker 1: how much power they have in the market, Those environmental concerns,

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Speaker 1: which are really substantive, and the ethical concerns of AI.

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Speaker 1: So just quickly, the power discussion here is about how

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Speaker 1: much of the GPU market they dominate. So what percentage

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Speaker 1: of these chips being sold are and Video And the

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Speaker 1: stat is about ninety five percent projects being sold are

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Speaker 1: and Video. So the argument there, the criticism there is

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Speaker 1: that this is a company that's getting too powerful. Yeah,

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Speaker 1: and it's also the same argument applied to the other

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Speaker 1: Magnificent seven they're now called Apple, Microsoft, Meta, Amazon, Tesla,

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Speaker 1: and Alphabet, which is Google. Then there's those environmental concerns

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Speaker 1: you mentioned. I mean, all of those data centers that

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Speaker 1: use and Video's hardware produce carbon emissions. If we're to

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Speaker 1: reach net zero as quick as possible, we're not going

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Speaker 1: to be able to do it if we keep growing

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Speaker 1: the number of data warehouses that's being predicted. There's huge

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Speaker 1: amounts of electricity and cooling that goes into the maintenance

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Speaker 1: of these warehouses. Now Navideo actually knows that this is

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Speaker 1: a problem and they say that they're going to invest

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Speaker 1: in more energy efficient technologies. And then the AI ethics issue,

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Speaker 1: which has just really grabbed me this year, of how

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Speaker 1: do we make ethical choices within AI? I mean, arguably

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Speaker 1: and video technology could be used for privacy or security concerns,

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Speaker 1: threats to governments, and this is really going to be

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Speaker 1: a big challenge for the company. And should something negative

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Speaker 1: happen using and video technology, they're going to have a

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Speaker 1: real case to answer for.

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Speaker 2: So do you reckon and video can stay at the top?

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Speaker 1: Oh gosh, Lucy. If I could answer that properly, I

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Speaker 1: would not be sitting in this chair. I would be.

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Speaker 2: Fools.

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Speaker 1: I mean, the people who bought into this stock three

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Speaker 1: or four years ago. It's got kind of a Bitcoin

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Speaker 1: effect about it now, where you know, you might have

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Speaker 1: bought one thousand dollars worth of the stock, it's now

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Speaker 1: worth a couple of million. So I thought the best

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Speaker 1: way to answer this, because I obviously don't know myself,

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Speaker 1: is to ask chat JBT ask and then video chip

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Speaker 1: the question of whether it's going to be worth more

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Speaker 1: in ten years time. It said it is impossible to

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Speaker 1: predict the future with certainty. While Nvidia has strong potential

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Speaker 1: to grow and maintain a leading position in the tech industry,

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Speaker 1: becoming the most valuable company in the world would require

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Speaker 1: sustained innovation, strategic decisions, and favorable market conditions. It's also

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Speaker 1: going to depend on how well they navigate challenges and

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Speaker 1: competition over the next decade. So you know, whilst CHATBTAI

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Speaker 1: and video can seemingly do everything, can't make us rich.

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Speaker 2: No, can't predict the future.

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Speaker 1: No, I can go pretty close well.

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Speaker 2: In human language, sounds like there's a lot of challenges

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Speaker 2: facing and video. Who's to say if they're actually going

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Speaker 2: to be able to hold onto their position at the top.

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Speaker 2: Thanks for explaining that for me, Sam, Thanks Lucy, thanks

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Speaker 2: so much for joining us today on The Daily YOURDS.

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Speaker 2: We hope you come back tomorrow. You can play our

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Speaker 2: game picture. This will be linking dog. Thank you link

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Speaker 2: it in the show notes. Subscribe to our newsletter and

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Speaker 2: our sport newsletter.

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Speaker 1: We should get you in every day. It's a fantastic good.

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Speaker 2: Ah and de tomorrow. My name is Lily Maddon and

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Speaker 2: I'm a proud Arunda Bunjelung Calcuttin woman from Gadighl Country.

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Speaker 2: The Daily oz acknowledges that this podcast is recorded on

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Speaker 2: the lands of the Gadighl people and pays respect to

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