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Speaker 1: Hey everyone, Happy Friday, and welcome to the last edition

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Speaker 1: of the Daily Odds for this week. It is the

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Speaker 1: sixteenth of July and I'm joined by Zara Sidler. Zara,

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Speaker 1: a big day for Victoria today. What is making headlines?

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Speaker 2: So we found out yesterday the Victoria was heading back

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Speaker 2: into another lockdown and we do know how difficult this

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Speaker 2: is for Victorians who are now up to their fifth

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Speaker 2: lockdown throughout this pandemic. That is a major news story today.

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Speaker 2: There were some better news for the unemployment rate yesterday

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Speaker 2: which dropped some good news about NASA, and then we

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Speaker 2: had a chat to a climate expert to answer all

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Speaker 2: those questions you might have about climate action.

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Speaker 1: So, as Zara said, the Victorian government announced the state

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Speaker 1: will enter a five day snap lockdown from last night

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Speaker 1: until eleven fifty nine pm next Tuesday. This was announced

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Speaker 1: at a four thirty pm press conference from Premier Daniel Andrews.

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Speaker 1: Victoria recorded ten new COVID nineteen cases on Wednesday night,

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Speaker 1: with an addition four cases announced by authorities yesterday. In

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Speaker 1: New South Wales, sixty five locally acquired cases of COVID

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Speaker 1: were reported, with forty of these cases linked to a

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Speaker 1: known cluster.

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Speaker 2: There were some better news for the economy when the

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Speaker 2: Australian unemployment rate dropped to just four point nine percent yesterday,

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Speaker 2: and that was down from five point one percent as

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Speaker 2: almost thirty thousand jobs were created in June. This is

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Speaker 2: the eighth consecutive month that the unemployment rate has fallen.

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Speaker 2: The underemployment rate, Sam, do you want to quickly explain

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Speaker 2: what underemployment is.

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Speaker 1: Underemployment is when you are working, but you're searching for

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Speaker 1: more work and you.

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Speaker 2: Have capacity to do more work. So that rate rose

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Speaker 2: half a percentage point to seven point nine percent. It

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Speaker 2: is assumed, however, that the current lockdown in New South Wales,

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Speaker 2: and if the Victorian one is extended too, will have

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Speaker 2: an impact on the upcoming month's data.

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Speaker 1: YouTuber Jordan Shank's Markovina, who we know as Friendly Jordie's,

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Speaker 1: has raised over one million dollars for his legal defense

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Speaker 1: in the defamation ca we've talked about a few times

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Speaker 1: on this podcast, brought against him by New South Wales's

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Speaker 1: Deputy Premier John Barrollaro. These funds are also going to

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Speaker 1: be used for the related charges of stalking against a

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Speaker 1: Friendly Jordie's. Producer Mark Davies, who is representing Friendly Jordie's,

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Speaker 1: said his legal team were quote profoundly grateful for the

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Speaker 1: support of tens of thousands of Australians who have seen

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Speaker 1: the importance of these legal battles.

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Speaker 2: Today's good news ties in unnaturally well to what our

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Speaker 2: next chat is going to be. But the good news

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Speaker 2: is that NASA and the European Space Agency have formed

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Speaker 2: a partnership to observe Earth and its changing environment. So

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Speaker 2: the two agencies have joined forces and they're going to

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Speaker 2: support a global response to climate change. A statement by

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Speaker 2: the two agencies said that the partnership's an effort to

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Speaker 2: help address and mitigate climate change through monitoring Earth. So

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Speaker 2: on the topic of climate for today's deep dive, we

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Speaker 2: are speaking to an absolute climate expert. Mme is Richie Merseyan,

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Speaker 2: and he is currently the Climate and Energy Director at

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Speaker 2: the Australia Institute. He's formerly an Australian government representative to

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Speaker 2: the UN Climate Change Conference and has worked at the

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Speaker 2: Department of Climate Change and the Department of Foreign Affairs

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Speaker 2: for almost a decade on both domestic and international climate

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Speaker 2: and energy agendas. So all of that to say that

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Speaker 2: he clearly knows what he's talking about. So, Richie, we

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Speaker 2: have a very engaged audience of young people who care

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Speaker 2: a lot about climate change but might not know where

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Speaker 2: to start with trying to understand some of the key concepts.

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Speaker 2: So I wanted to start off with an explanation as

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Speaker 2: to what net zero is, because that's the thing in

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Speaker 2: the headlines, that's what we talk about, and I think

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Speaker 2: it's a good starting point for our audience.

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Speaker 3: Sure, and it is a good place to start. So

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Speaker 3: to address climate change, we really need to do one thing,

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Speaker 3: and that's to stop producing and using fossil fuels. And

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Speaker 3: the way that that's communicated is that we need to

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Speaker 3: no longer have the greenhouse gas emissions that we're currently

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Speaker 3: producing the main cause of climate change. And people talk

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Speaker 3: about a net zero target because it might be very

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Speaker 3: difficult to get down to using no more fossil fuels

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Speaker 3: or to have zero emissions. There might be some things

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Speaker 3: where it's almost impossible, like it's hard to see how

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Speaker 3: flying can be done without using jet fuel right now.

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Speaker 3: So net zero is saying let's get it down to

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Speaker 3: absolutely as low as possible and then offset what we

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Speaker 3: can't get it down to. So for example, you could

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Speaker 3: say that I make a lot of money, but you

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Speaker 3: might still have a little bit of debt right from

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Speaker 3: your credit cards. So the net income that you have

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Speaker 3: is positive even though there's a little bit of debt.

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Speaker 3: That's why we talk about our net income like after tax,

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Speaker 3: after debts, after everything. So we're saying net emissions need

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Speaker 3: to be zero, which is as low as possible, and

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Speaker 3: what you can't reduce to zero needs to be offset

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Speaker 3: and that's really the target you set by offsetting it

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Speaker 3: with credits in terms of doing more in other areas.

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Speaker 3: The reason why twenty fifty is picked is the time

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Speaker 3: to do that, the time to get to net zero missions,

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Speaker 3: the time to phase out all fossil fuels, is because

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Speaker 3: the science led by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change

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Speaker 3: has recommended that that is the latest that we could

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Speaker 3: make that transition and still keep global warming to safe

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Speaker 3: levels that is below two degrees or ideally no more

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Speaker 3: than one point five degrees. So that's why most countries

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Speaker 3: are encouraged to adopt this.

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Speaker 2: Okay, and I know this might seem like a silly

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Speaker 2: question to you who is the expert on this, but

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Speaker 2: can you define what a fossil fuel actually is.

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Speaker 3: That's a great question, and wonks like me often just

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Speaker 3: assume that people are also wonks, so apologies to normal people.

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Speaker 3: Fossil Fuels are basically resources that we extract from the ground,

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Speaker 3: and they are one of three things. They are either

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Speaker 3: core or natural gas or oil. Those make up the

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Speaker 3: fossil fuels. And when we burn those fossil fuels, they

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Speaker 3: make the majority of greenhouse gas emissions, and those greenhouse

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Speaker 3: gas emissions are resulting in trapping too much heat on

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Speaker 3: the earth, which leads to global warming, and that is

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Speaker 3: climate change, which is what we want to resolve.

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Speaker 2: Okay, And so we're trying to get to net zero presumably,

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Speaker 2: but our federal government hasn't yet committed to net zero

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Speaker 2: by twenty fifty. A. Why do you think that is?

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Speaker 2: And B? What do you think is stopping the federal

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Speaker 2: government from committing to a target that many other nations

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Speaker 2: similar to US, have committed to across the world.

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Speaker 3: So, yes, the Australian government has not committed and locked

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Speaker 3: in net zero as a target, and they have not

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Speaker 3: locked it into the timeframe. That is quite common in

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Speaker 3: Australia and overseas, and that's to do it by twenty fifty.

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Speaker 3: Every state government and every territory government has a target

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Speaker 3: of net zero by twenty fifty. A number of large

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Speaker 3: corporations have it.

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Speaker 2: Can I just ask on that because this is actually

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Speaker 2: something I can't answer, So Sam, why state governments and

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Speaker 2: territories have done it? But is that for nothing if

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Speaker 2: the federal government hasn't committed And what does that sort

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Speaker 2: of relationship look like between emissions output and state in

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Speaker 2: federal governments?

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Speaker 3: So every state government in every territory government has committed

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Speaker 3: in some way to getting their emissions down to net

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Speaker 3: zero by twenty fifty. Now that counts for a lot

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Speaker 3: because state governments are actually responsible for how electricity is

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Speaker 3: made right, which is still the largest component of our missions.

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Speaker 3: They're responsible for basically permitting new call mine applications which

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Speaker 3: result in lots of emissions. They're responsible for our roads,

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Speaker 3: which obviously through cars, lead to a lot of emissions.

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Speaker 3: So it will have a major impact. But there's some

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Speaker 3: things that the federal government is best suited at doing

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Speaker 3: and should be done at that national level. And also

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Speaker 3: the federal government represents us at international meetings, and so

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Speaker 3: that is the face that people engage in when they

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Speaker 3: talk about Australia. So what we want is we want

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Speaker 3: to see that pitchure coordinated. And that's why it really

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Speaker 3: needs to be done at that federal level, not just

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Speaker 3: at the state level.

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Speaker 2: And why hasn't it been done at a federal level.

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Speaker 3: The federal government conflates, it confuses, it mashes up it

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Speaker 3: squshes together Australia's national interest with the interests of call

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Speaker 3: and gas companies. That's why and call and gas companies

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Speaker 3: don't want you to stop using their products. They love

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Speaker 3: that you use their products. They want you to use

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Speaker 3: it more, not less. So they push back on and

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Speaker 3: use their considerable power and weight to make sure that

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Speaker 3: the austrain government pushes back on any control or limit

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Speaker 3: to stop you from doing that. They'll make sure that

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Speaker 3: you love using gas in your home, that you love

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Speaker 3: driving far in your petrol car, that you love having

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Speaker 3: electricity that is quote unquote reliable and therefore needs to

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Speaker 3: come from a qualified power station, and therefore they push

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Speaker 3: back on the austral government doing anything that they see

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Speaker 3: as a limit to that.

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Speaker 2: So that makes the coal industry and the industry seem

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Speaker 2: like really significant players in our political system. How many

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Speaker 2: jobs are in colon gas. Is it as large a

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Speaker 2: part as they seem to play in our political process?

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Speaker 3: That is a great question. The answer is no, there's

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Speaker 3: not a lot of jobs. There's more jobs in McDonald's

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Speaker 3: than there is in the call and gas sector. People

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Speaker 3: think that they have a major contribution to make. They're

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Speaker 3: only about forty thousand jobs in coal mining around twenty

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Speaker 3: twenty five thousand jobs in gas extraction, right, But people

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Speaker 3: think that that number is actually twenty times larger for

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Speaker 3: call and forty times larger for gas. And they think

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Speaker 3: that the income that Australia makes, the wealth that Australia

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Speaker 3: gets from call and gas is also huge and they

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Speaker 3: get that wrong again by a massive amount as well.

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Speaker 3: So even though they don't represent a huge portion of

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Speaker 3: our job force or our job workforce or our income

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Speaker 3: as a country, people think that they do, and therefore

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Speaker 3: we end up in this cycle.

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Speaker 2: But colon gas are major exports for Australia. What would

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Speaker 2: happen in the future if colon gas no longer existed here?

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Speaker 3: It's a good point. They are major exports for Australia. Globally,

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Speaker 3: Australia is the largest coal exporter in the world and

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Speaker 3: the largest liquefied natural gas, which is how you export

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Speaker 3: gas over the waters as opposed to piping it over land.

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Speaker 3: So yes, they are major exporters that will change, not

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Speaker 3: because of Australia. Most of our call and most of

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Speaker 3: our gas go to three countries China, South Korea and Japan.

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Speaker 3: They have all committed to net zero by the twenty

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Speaker 3: fifty or twenty sixty. So it's basically like telling us

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Speaker 3: we don't want to buy your fossil fuels going forward,

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Speaker 3: and we're going to phase that down to zero soon

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Speaker 3: enough so that change is coming. The best thing we

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Speaker 3: can do as a country is actually smooth that transition,

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Speaker 3: is help those communities that will be heavily impacted to

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Speaker 3: make sure that there is a just transition. By burying

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Speaker 3: our heads underground saying everything is hunky dory, she'll be right,

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Speaker 3: we are doing a disservice to those communities. So even

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Speaker 3: if you hear like Barnaby Joys or Matt Canavan or

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Speaker 3: any of those nationals get on the radio or Joe

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Speaker 3: Fitzgibbon and say we need to protect our workers, you

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Speaker 3: protect them by not lying to them that change is

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Speaker 3: coming and the best thing we can do is get

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Speaker 3: ready for it and make the most out of being

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Speaker 3: a major energy exporter and transition to the things customers want.

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Speaker 3: Because if the customers are always right and we don't

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Speaker 3: have a say in what they actually pick, then let's

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Speaker 3: find things that they actually want that's no longer going

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Speaker 3: to be fossil fuels.

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Speaker 2: What are the jobs of the future. What are the

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Speaker 2: green jobs that young UNI students who are listening to

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Speaker 2: us could be looking at for twenty ten, fifteen, thirty

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Speaker 2: years time.

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Speaker 3: Yeah, well, young UNI students listening to this amazing podcast,

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Speaker 3: there are tons of amazing jobs in the future, and

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Speaker 3: they will be in all the industries that are currently

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Speaker 3: on offer as a way of greening them up. Like

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Speaker 3: if you want to become a lawyer, then think about

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Speaker 3: either litigation challenging these core companies in court like those

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Speaker 3: recent decisions, or in writing tracks to purchase renewable energy

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Speaker 3: and invest in renewable energy projects. If you're an encounter

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Speaker 3: and you can do the same thing. If you're in construction,

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Speaker 3: then it's about how you can build these windmills, including

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Speaker 3: a huge space which is offshore wind which is just

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Speaker 3: about to start up in Australia and is really exciting.

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Speaker 3: There's all these other kind of like opportunities in electric

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Speaker 3: vehicles in terms of how we build the charging stations

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Speaker 3: because it's some amazing Australian technology, or how we build

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Speaker 3: the batteries. Given Australia is really lucky. It has nine

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Speaker 3: out of the ten minerals that go into battery manufacturing

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Speaker 3: right here in Australia, one of only three countries in

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Speaker 3: the world, so we have so much opportunity to build

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Speaker 3: the things that countries want. Same with hydrogen, which is

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Speaker 3: an alternative to using gas, we can make it here,

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Speaker 3: and we can make it using renewable energy and water

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Speaker 3: if we want to. All these things are possible and

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Speaker 3: we can be part of the future of building it

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Speaker 3: if we want to. And those are the opportunities that

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Speaker 3: young people should be looking for and demanding and if

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Speaker 3: the governments don't provide it, then basically push them and

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Speaker 3: push them and find it elsewhere.

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Speaker 2: It seems like there's a lot of doom and gloom

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Speaker 2: when we have these conversations. What Richie is one thing

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Speaker 2: that gives you hope when we talk about climate.

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Speaker 3: My parents migrated to Australia to work on a big

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Speaker 3: fossil fuel project. They were the biggest in the country,

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Speaker 3: like these oil refineries or coal mines or gas fields.

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Speaker 3: Now the biggest projects in this country are these huge

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Speaker 3: renewable energy fields of wind and solar. There's one over

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Speaker 3: in the northwest of Wa that is eight times the

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Speaker 3: science of Canberra where I'm based. Now, the future is green,

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Speaker 3: and we have every opportunity to build it, and to

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Speaker 3: build it right now. And if we don't see those

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Speaker 3: opportunities in front of us, then we should be demanding it.

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Speaker 3: And that's what gets me excited.

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Speaker 2: What can young people who want to make a change,

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Speaker 2: who want the future to look different to how say

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Speaker 2: the federal government is shaping our future currently? What advice

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Speaker 2: would you give to those young people who might not

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Speaker 2: be involved in politics at all?

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Speaker 3: Three things that anyone can do right. The first is

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Speaker 3: pretty straightforward. Make sure that your daily interactions are as

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Speaker 3: clean and green as possible, right. Green up your superannuation,

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Speaker 3: who you bank with, You know what you purchase if

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Speaker 3: you've got to you know your own home or if

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Speaker 3: you're renting, See if you can get panels or see

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Speaker 3: if you can get off gas, See if you can

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Speaker 3: actually employ more energy ficient things. See if you can

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Speaker 3: actually commit to never buying an internal combustion in your

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Speaker 3: vehicle and only buy an electric vehicle, and we're going

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Speaker 3: to be seeing a lot more secondhand, cheap electric vehicles

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Speaker 3: in the next couple of years. Right, So individual action.

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Speaker 3: The second is get political, like climate change is a

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Speaker 3: political issue, and there's nothing wrong with being political. It's

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Speaker 3: not like some awkward conversation that you need to have

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Speaker 3: like around religion. Right, these are the things that matter

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Speaker 3: to us. These are important to us, and so yes,

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Speaker 3: get political, actually have conversations about climate change. And if

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Speaker 3: you don't know something, to say I don't know something,

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Speaker 3: but I will find that out and I will push

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Speaker 3: ahead anyway. I couldn't encourage that further. And think about

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Speaker 3: that in the contexts of who you vote and tell

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Speaker 3: your friends who to vote for. Be forward in that regard.

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Speaker 3: Don't feel like you've got to walk on eggshells in

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Speaker 3: that space. And the third is if you can pick

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Speaker 3: a job that aligns with your values. There's nothing worse

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Speaker 3: than working for a corporation that has no morals or scruples.

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Speaker 3: Work for the companies that are going to make good

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Speaker 3: in this world. That's the power you have, because I

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Speaker 3: can tell you now corporations are worried about how to

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Speaker 3: employ the best talent because they often want to work

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Speaker 3: for companies that have good values. And that's the power

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Speaker 3: you have.

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Speaker 2: And it certainly seems as though our corporates and the

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Speaker 2: professional world is leading our political class in how to

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Speaker 2: meaningfully act on climate change, so there could be some

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Speaker 2: good news out of there. Thank you so much, Richie,

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Speaker 2: really appreciate it. My pleasure