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Speaker 1: My name is Lily Maddon and I'm a proud Arunda

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Speaker 1: Banjelung Kalkotin woman from Gadighl country. The Daily oz acknowledges

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Speaker 1: that this podcast is recorded on the lands of the

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Speaker 1: Gadighl people and pays respect to all Aboriginal and Torres

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Speaker 1: Strain island and nations. We pay our respects to the

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Speaker 1: first peoples of these countries, both past and present.

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Speaker 2: Good morning, and welcome to the Daily os It's Tuesday,

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Speaker 2: the twenty seventh of September.

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Speaker 1: I'm Zara, I'm Billy.

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Speaker 2: We're now entering our eleventh day of protests in Iran,

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Speaker 2: where at least forty one people have died in the

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Speaker 2: ongoing chaos following the death of a young woman. We'll

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Speaker 2: unpack this watershed moment in just a second, but first

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Speaker 2: Billy talk us through the headlines of the day.

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Speaker 3: Prime Minister Anthony Albanesi will travel to Tokyo today for

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Speaker 3: the state funeral or former Japanese Prime Minister Shinzo Albanizi

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Speaker 3: will be joined by former Prime Ministers Malcolm Turnbull, Tony

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Speaker 3: Abbott and John Howard. Demaun Aarbe, who was assassinated while

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Speaker 3: speaking at an election rally in July.

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Speaker 2: Three time Paralympic gold medalist Kurt Firnlely was announced yesterday

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Speaker 2: as the new chair of the National Disability Insurance Agency.

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Speaker 2: He said it was quote important that the participants of

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Speaker 2: the NDIA get to see themselves in this organization. The

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Speaker 2: NDIA is an independent agency of the federal government and

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Speaker 2: is in charge of implementing the National Disability Insurance Scheme.

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Speaker 3: An alliance of far right parties is expected to win

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Speaker 3: the Italian election, which will give the country its first

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Speaker 3: ever female leader. The Brothers of Italy party, which is

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Speaker 3: led by Georgia Maloney, is set to form government alongside

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Speaker 3: two other groups. Maloney, who is now expected to become

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Speaker 3: the Prime Minister of Italy, founded the Brothers of Italy

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Speaker 3: in twenty twelve.

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Speaker 2: And today's good news, Japan will well welcome foreign tourism

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Speaker 2: from next month after over two years of restrictions brought

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Speaker 2: on by the COVID nineteen pandemic. From the eleventh of October,

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Speaker 2: tourists entering Japan won't need a visa or to book

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Speaker 2: through a travel agency to visit the country. We'll be

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Speaker 2: back in just a moment, but first, a message from

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Speaker 2: our sponsor.

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Speaker 1: Zara.

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Speaker 3: We've had a lot of people reach out to us

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Speaker 3: about this story in Iran, and my social media has

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Speaker 3: been absolutely dominated by photos and videos of the protests.

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Speaker 3: Can you walk me through what happened and why it's

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Speaker 3: caused such an outcry?

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Speaker 2: Okay, So to start at the beginning, twenty two year

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Speaker 2: old Masa Amini, who was from Kurdistan, which is a

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Speaker 2: region that covers parts of Iran, Iraq, Syria, and Turkey.

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Speaker 2: She was arrested on the thirteenth of September in Tehran

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Speaker 2: now that's the capital of Iran. She was arrested for

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Speaker 2: allegedly not wearing a hijeob properly. From what we understand,

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Speaker 2: she was immediately detained and the police say that while

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Speaker 2: at the police station, she suffered a heart attack and

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Speaker 2: was taken to hospital. That, as I said, is according

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Speaker 2: to the police.

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Speaker 3: Right, So you pointed out that that's what the police

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Speaker 3: are saying, that she suffered natural causes. But are there

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Speaker 3: any eyewitness reports?

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Speaker 2: Yeah, So witnesses have actually alleged that what happened was

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Speaker 2: really really different to what I just spoke about being

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Speaker 2: the police's version of things. So eyewitnesses say that she

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Speaker 2: was badly beaten, including while in the police Van and

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Speaker 2: her family have said that by the time she actually

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Speaker 2: arrived at the hospital, she was already in a coma.

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Speaker 2: Might have seen some fairly distressing images online of Amani

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Speaker 2: in hospital where she needed assistance breathing and didn't appear

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Speaker 2: to be conscious. Her father has told media that she

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Speaker 2: had no underlying health issues, so the claim that she

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Speaker 2: had a heart attack, to them at least doesn't make sense.

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Speaker 2: She died in hospital just a few days after to

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Speaker 2: her arrest.

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Speaker 3: Okay, and let's go back to her arrest because I

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Speaker 3: want to understand more about the context of this story.

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Speaker 3: So you said that she was arrested for allegedly not

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Speaker 3: wearing a hijab. So that's a criminal offense in Iran

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Speaker 3: for a woman to not wear a hijab.

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Speaker 2: So it's been compulsory for Iranian women to wear hijabs,

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Speaker 2: which are traditional Muslim head coverings, since the early nineteen eighties,

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Speaker 2: which was after the nation's revolution that led to it

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Speaker 2: becoming the world's first Islamic republic. The revolution caused a

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Speaker 2: number of major cultural changes, which you might remember that

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Speaker 2: we spoke about in the episode about salmon Rushti, and

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Speaker 2: aside from compulsory hijabs, the Iranian leadership of the nineteen

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Speaker 2: eighties also mandated that women would wear long, loose fitting clothing, and.

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Speaker 3: So that was in the early nineteen eighties, but that's

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Speaker 3: still being enforced now.

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Speaker 2: Well. Iran's president Ebrahim Raizi, who assumed office last year,

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Speaker 2: has actually ordered stricter enforcement of the law, saying that

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Speaker 2: poor compliance was a sign of quote corruption in society.

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Speaker 3: And so who enforces these rules? Because I've seen in

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Speaker 3: a lot of the reporting and in the headlines that

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Speaker 3: it was the morality police, which is a term I

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Speaker 3: haven't really heard before.

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Speaker 2: Who are they, okay? So, Iran's morality police, formally referred

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Speaker 2: to as guidance patrols, are basically primarily tasked with enforcing

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Speaker 2: observance of Iran's dress codes, and particular the requirement for

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Speaker 2: women to cover their hair. They've brought enforcement powers and

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Speaker 2: have long been known for violently arresting women. Guidance patrols

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Speaker 2: had become less common though in recent years, but have

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Speaker 2: ramped up again under President Raisi, and earlier this month,

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Speaker 2: the Iranian government said it would use facial recognition technology

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Speaker 2: to actually identify women who were not complying with these rules.

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Speaker 3: And so you've laid out the rules, but clearly a

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Speaker 3: lot of the public is really angry about this. We've

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Speaker 3: seen the protests in the photos and the videos. Can

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Speaker 3: you explain to us more the response and what that's

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Speaker 3: been like from Iran's general public.

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Speaker 2: There's been a huge response, with a lot of people

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Speaker 2: frankly outraged at the death of this young woman who

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Speaker 2: was only visiting Iran with her family. A large protest

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Speaker 2: actually broke out at Amini's funeral on September seventeenth, and

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Speaker 2: police were seen firing tear gas and demonstrators there. They

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Speaker 2: were shouting anti government slogans like death to the dictator

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Speaker 2: and many other things.

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Speaker 3: Right, so these protests started at the funeral, how much

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Speaker 3: further have they spread?

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Speaker 2: Well, more than eighty cities across Iran are in chaos,

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Speaker 2: and protesters have been in police stations and police cars,

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Speaker 2: and they're showing no signs of slowing. There's footage of

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Speaker 2: women tearing off their hidjubs and cutting off their hair.

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Speaker 2: There have also been deaths. Been widely reported that at

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Speaker 2: least forty one people have been killed in the unrest

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Speaker 2: with the Iran Human Rights Group actually signing a total

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Speaker 2: number of at least fifty seven, and over the weekend

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Speaker 2: it was reported that a twenty year old woman named

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Speaker 2: Hadisna Jaffi was shot dead by security forces deployed to

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Speaker 2: control the protests. But I do just want to say

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Speaker 2: here that it's hard to know exactly how many people

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Speaker 2: have died and what is actually happening with these protests,

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Speaker 2: because there have been reports that the government has responded

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Speaker 2: to the unrest by cutting off the internet across the

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Speaker 2: large parts of the country.

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Speaker 3: So there's clearly a lot of anger in Iran over

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Speaker 3: this woman's death. What has the response been around the world.

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Speaker 2: Well, much like Iran, there have been protests unfolding across

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Speaker 2: the world, including here in Australia, with women chanting Amini's

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Speaker 2: name and holding signs with her face on it. The

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Speaker 2: images from these protests are striking. Reuter's published a photograph

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Speaker 2: of a young woman in Lebanon holding a sign that says,

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Speaker 2: did you know that letting your hair blow in the

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Speaker 2: wind is a crime? In Iran? And the US has

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Speaker 2: gone further, They've imposed sanctions on the morality police, and

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Speaker 2: President Joe Biden told the UN General Assembly that the

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Speaker 2: US quote stands with the brave citizens and the brave

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Speaker 2: women of Iran.

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Speaker 3: It's really striking to see the outpouring of grief and

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Speaker 3: anger at this woman's death, and we will of course

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Speaker 3: be watching closely to see what happens in Iran as

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Speaker 3: a result as this story unfolds, and in a story

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Speaker 3: as big as is, though, I think that it's easy

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Speaker 3: to lose sight of the people in the middle of it. Zara,

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Speaker 3: is there anything you can tell me about Masa Emini herself?

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Speaker 2: I think that this is an appropriate note to end on,

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Speaker 2: but it is difficult because we don't know a lot

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Speaker 2: about her. I mean, from her family's account, she was

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Speaker 2: a normal young woman living in Kurdistan, traveling to Tehran

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Speaker 2: on a family holiday. She was about to start university

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Speaker 2: and one day she wanted to become a doctor. Her

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Speaker 2: twenty third birthday would have been just last week.

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Speaker 3: It's an absolutely tragic story, and the news of the

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Speaker 3: protest just keep coming. We will absolutely be keeping you

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Speaker 3: updated on the daily OS. Thank you so much for

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Speaker 3: joining us, and if you learn anything from today's episode,

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Speaker 3: don't forget to hit subscribe. So there's a TDA episode

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Speaker 3: waiting for you every weekday morning. We'll be back again tomorrow,

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Speaker 3: but until then, have a great day,