1 00:00:00,520 --> 00:00:02,639 Speaker 1: I am on a little break for a few weeks, 2 00:00:02,640 --> 00:00:05,720 Speaker 1: so I'm re releasing some of my favorite episodes from 3 00:00:05,760 --> 00:00:08,840 Speaker 1: the last twelve months. I will be back with brand 4 00:00:08,880 --> 00:00:12,600 Speaker 1: new interviews from July thirty one, and until then, enjoy 5 00:00:12,680 --> 00:00:17,840 Speaker 1: today's chat. What if the secret to becoming an exceptional 6 00:00:17,920 --> 00:00:23,680 Speaker 1: leader lies in embracing Radical Canada. I first came across 7 00:00:23,760 --> 00:00:28,200 Speaker 1: Kim Scott's international best selling book Radical Canda several years ago, 8 00:00:28,680 --> 00:00:32,440 Speaker 1: and I know many leaders who swear by her approach 9 00:00:32,640 --> 00:00:36,839 Speaker 1: for giving and receiving feedback. So I reached out to 10 00:00:36,920 --> 00:00:39,199 Speaker 1: Kim to come on how I work and teach me 11 00:00:39,360 --> 00:00:42,440 Speaker 1: all about the ins and outs of how to be 12 00:00:42,440 --> 00:00:46,960 Speaker 1: better at feedback. Kim has led teams in companies like 13 00:00:47,040 --> 00:00:49,960 Speaker 1: Google and YouTube, as well as being a CEO coach 14 00:00:49,960 --> 00:00:53,800 Speaker 1: at Dropbox and Twitter, not to mention being on faculty 15 00:00:53,880 --> 00:00:58,440 Speaker 1: at Apple University. If you have ever struggled with giving 16 00:00:58,560 --> 00:01:02,760 Speaker 1: or receiving feedback, then I guarantee this episode will help 17 00:01:02,800 --> 00:01:06,600 Speaker 1: you master the art of radical candor and transform the 18 00:01:06,640 --> 00:01:15,200 Speaker 1: way you communicate. My name is doctor Amantha Imbert. I'm 19 00:01:15,200 --> 00:01:19,600 Speaker 1: an organizational psychologist and founder of Behavior change consultancy Inventium, 20 00:01:19,840 --> 00:01:23,000 Speaker 1: and this is how I work a show about how 21 00:01:23,040 --> 00:01:25,840 Speaker 1: to help you get so much more out of the 22 00:01:25,959 --> 00:01:30,560 Speaker 1: hours in your day. Now, unless you have been living 23 00:01:30,680 --> 00:01:33,760 Speaker 1: under a management rock, you have probably heard of the 24 00:01:33,840 --> 00:01:37,480 Speaker 1: term radical candor. It's the style of feedback giving that 25 00:01:37,640 --> 00:01:41,320 Speaker 1: revolutionized how people in tech companies give each other feedback. 26 00:01:42,040 --> 00:01:44,759 Speaker 1: But in case you haven't heard of radical candor, let's 27 00:01:44,840 --> 00:01:48,240 Speaker 1: start with a quick recap with Kim Scott, the woman 28 00:01:48,400 --> 00:01:49,560 Speaker 1: behind the framework. 29 00:01:49,960 --> 00:01:53,320 Speaker 2: Radical candor is what happens when you care personally and 30 00:01:53,440 --> 00:01:58,680 Speaker 2: challenged directly at the same time, also known as compassionate candor. So, 31 00:01:58,720 --> 00:02:01,360 Speaker 2: if you think about radical candor in terms of a 32 00:02:01,400 --> 00:02:03,360 Speaker 2: two by two framework. 33 00:02:02,920 --> 00:02:04,560 Speaker 3: You ready, I'm going to lay it on you. 34 00:02:05,080 --> 00:02:10,360 Speaker 2: Let's go okay. So, on the vertical axis is care personally. 35 00:02:10,600 --> 00:02:14,400 Speaker 2: On the horizontal axis is challenged directly, and when you 36 00:02:14,480 --> 00:02:17,600 Speaker 2: do both at the same time, that is radical candor. 37 00:02:17,880 --> 00:02:21,480 Speaker 2: But when you challenge directly but you forget to show 38 00:02:21,520 --> 00:02:24,120 Speaker 2: that you care personally, as we all are bound to 39 00:02:24,160 --> 00:02:28,639 Speaker 2: do from time to time, that is obnoxious aggression. Sometimes 40 00:02:28,639 --> 00:02:33,239 Speaker 2: people confuse radical candor and obnoxious aggression, but they're two 41 00:02:33,320 --> 00:02:34,120 Speaker 2: very different things. 42 00:02:34,240 --> 00:02:36,200 Speaker 3: Obnoxious aggression is bad. 43 00:02:36,320 --> 00:02:41,519 Speaker 2: It's bad because it hurts people It's bad because it's inefficient. 44 00:02:41,680 --> 00:02:44,880 Speaker 2: If I'm a jerk to you, then you sort of 45 00:02:44,880 --> 00:02:47,079 Speaker 2: go into fight or flight mode, and then you literally 46 00:02:47,160 --> 00:02:49,520 Speaker 2: cannot hear what I'm saying, so I'm wasting my breath. 47 00:02:49,840 --> 00:02:52,720 Speaker 2: But it's also bad for another reason. For me, at least, 48 00:02:52,960 --> 00:02:55,160 Speaker 2: when I realize I've been a jerk, it's not my 49 00:02:55,360 --> 00:02:59,360 Speaker 2: instinct to go the right way on care personally. Instead, 50 00:02:59,360 --> 00:03:02,520 Speaker 2: I go the wrong way, unchallenged directly, and then I 51 00:03:02,560 --> 00:03:06,240 Speaker 2: wind out in the worst place of all manipulative insincerity. 52 00:03:06,480 --> 00:03:11,600 Speaker 2: So noxious aggression is front stabbing. Manipulative insincerity is backstabbing. 53 00:03:11,919 --> 00:03:15,880 Speaker 2: It's where passive aggressive behavior, political behavior, all of the 54 00:03:15,919 --> 00:03:20,040 Speaker 2: stuff that erodes trust most quickly creeps in. However, although 55 00:03:20,080 --> 00:03:23,920 Speaker 2: it is fun to tell stories about obnoxious aggression and 56 00:03:24,000 --> 00:03:26,280 Speaker 2: ruin of sympathy, these are not the mistakes most of 57 00:03:26,360 --> 00:03:28,720 Speaker 2: us make most of the time. Most of us make 58 00:03:28,800 --> 00:03:32,239 Speaker 2: most of our mistakes in this last upper left hand quadrant, 59 00:03:32,440 --> 00:03:35,400 Speaker 2: where we do remember to show that we care personally, 60 00:03:35,880 --> 00:03:40,560 Speaker 2: but we're so worried about not hurting someone's feelings or 61 00:03:40,680 --> 00:03:43,080 Speaker 2: offending them that we failed to tell them something they'd 62 00:03:43,080 --> 00:03:44,960 Speaker 2: be better off knowing in the long run, and that 63 00:03:45,240 --> 00:03:47,600 Speaker 2: is what I call ruin a sympathy. So that's what 64 00:03:47,800 --> 00:03:49,720 Speaker 2: radical canner is and what it is not. 65 00:03:50,480 --> 00:03:54,880 Speaker 1: I definitely struggle in that up left quadrant. I could 66 00:03:54,880 --> 00:03:57,880 Speaker 1: definitely relate to that, I w because what do people 67 00:03:57,960 --> 00:04:02,600 Speaker 1: find hottest about a flying radical canda in their role 68 00:04:02,640 --> 00:04:03,200 Speaker 1: as a leader? 69 00:04:03,680 --> 00:04:06,200 Speaker 2: You know, I think it's a little bit like diet 70 00:04:06,280 --> 00:04:10,160 Speaker 2: and exercise. Actually, we kind of everybody knows we should 71 00:04:10,200 --> 00:04:12,520 Speaker 2: be you know, we should be eating well, we should 72 00:04:12,560 --> 00:04:15,680 Speaker 2: be getting enough exercise or sleep. I think we all 73 00:04:15,720 --> 00:04:18,760 Speaker 2: know we how to do it, but it's hard. Behavior 74 00:04:18,880 --> 00:04:21,760 Speaker 2: change is really hard, and so I think a big 75 00:04:21,839 --> 00:04:24,880 Speaker 2: part of it is just building the habit of radical candor. 76 00:04:25,040 --> 00:04:28,320 Speaker 2: And you'll know that you've succeeded when it's a little 77 00:04:28,360 --> 00:04:31,040 Speaker 2: bit like brushing your teeth. You know, you feel gross 78 00:04:31,040 --> 00:04:35,120 Speaker 2: if you don't do it. I think it shouldn't be 79 00:04:35,160 --> 00:04:37,640 Speaker 2: like a root canal, should be more like brushing your teeth. 80 00:04:38,000 --> 00:04:41,000 Speaker 1: How did you manage to make it habitual in your 81 00:04:41,040 --> 00:04:42,160 Speaker 1: own work life? 82 00:04:42,360 --> 00:04:45,440 Speaker 2: I learned through the school of hard knocks. I got 83 00:04:45,520 --> 00:04:49,480 Speaker 2: it wrong over and over and over again. And I 84 00:04:49,480 --> 00:04:51,480 Speaker 2: think one of the things that helped me more than 85 00:04:51,520 --> 00:04:55,840 Speaker 2: anything else was telling stories. First to myself and labeling 86 00:04:55,880 --> 00:04:57,760 Speaker 2: them and then writing them in the book, and then 87 00:04:57,800 --> 00:05:00,880 Speaker 2: telling them when I do talks and workshop talk on 88 00:05:01,000 --> 00:05:03,760 Speaker 2: podcasts about when I get it wrong. So I have 89 00:05:03,880 --> 00:05:07,239 Speaker 2: this ruinous empathy story that I call my Bob's story, 90 00:05:07,880 --> 00:05:11,599 Speaker 2: and for me, it just summarizes all of what's wrong 91 00:05:11,680 --> 00:05:15,840 Speaker 2: with ruinous empathy. And then when I'm tempted not to 92 00:05:15,920 --> 00:05:18,520 Speaker 2: say the thing that I know I need to say, 93 00:05:18,760 --> 00:05:21,599 Speaker 2: I think about that Bob story, and it reminds me 94 00:05:21,680 --> 00:05:24,000 Speaker 2: that it's actually kinder to say it in the long run, 95 00:05:24,080 --> 00:05:27,400 Speaker 2: because I think that's also it feels mean to say 96 00:05:27,440 --> 00:05:30,000 Speaker 2: the thing, but it's actually much kinder in the long run. 97 00:05:30,760 --> 00:05:34,640 Speaker 1: I love the idea of having stories to remind yourself 98 00:05:34,800 --> 00:05:39,560 Speaker 1: of why to push yourself into that radical Canda quadrant. 99 00:05:40,120 --> 00:05:43,160 Speaker 3: You want to hear the Bob story. I would love to. 100 00:05:45,160 --> 00:05:45,200 Speaker 1: This. 101 00:05:45,960 --> 00:05:49,159 Speaker 2: This is really what helped me more than anything else, 102 00:05:49,200 --> 00:05:52,600 Speaker 2: because I also struggle with ruinous empathy, and if I'm 103 00:05:52,640 --> 00:05:55,880 Speaker 2: honest with myself, there's always a dose of manipulative and 104 00:05:55,960 --> 00:05:59,240 Speaker 2: sincerity in my ruinous empathy. So at one point in 105 00:05:59,279 --> 00:06:01,479 Speaker 2: my career, and this is really one of the more 106 00:06:01,520 --> 00:06:04,279 Speaker 2: painful moments in my career, I had hired this guy 107 00:06:04,320 --> 00:06:06,680 Speaker 2: and we'll call him Bob. And I liked Bob a lot. 108 00:06:06,760 --> 00:06:09,159 Speaker 2: He was smart, he was charming, he was funny. 109 00:06:09,520 --> 00:06:10,000 Speaker 3: He would do. 110 00:06:09,960 --> 00:06:12,360 Speaker 2: Stuff like, we're at a manager off site playing one 111 00:06:12,360 --> 00:06:15,760 Speaker 2: of those endless get to know you games, and everybody's 112 00:06:15,800 --> 00:06:18,000 Speaker 2: getting more and more stressed out because there's tons of 113 00:06:18,040 --> 00:06:20,479 Speaker 2: work and people kind of are ready to get back 114 00:06:20,520 --> 00:06:22,680 Speaker 2: to work. And Bob is a guy who has the 115 00:06:22,720 --> 00:06:25,240 Speaker 2: courage to raise his hand and to say, you know, 116 00:06:25,279 --> 00:06:28,600 Speaker 2: I can tell everybody's getting stressed out, and I've got 117 00:06:28,720 --> 00:06:30,640 Speaker 2: an idea. It'll help us get to know each other 118 00:06:30,680 --> 00:06:34,920 Speaker 2: and it'll be really fast. Whatever his idea was, If 119 00:06:34,960 --> 00:06:37,600 Speaker 2: it was really fast, we were all down with it. 120 00:06:38,000 --> 00:06:40,920 Speaker 2: So Bob says, let's just go around the table and 121 00:06:40,960 --> 00:06:45,240 Speaker 2: confess what candy our parents used when potty training us. 122 00:06:45,279 --> 00:06:49,200 Speaker 2: Really weird, but really fast, weirder yet we all remembered. 123 00:06:49,400 --> 00:06:52,480 Speaker 2: And then for the next ten months, every time there 124 00:06:52,560 --> 00:06:55,200 Speaker 2: was a tense moment and a meeting, Bob would pull 125 00:06:55,240 --> 00:06:57,479 Speaker 2: out just the right piece of candy for the right 126 00:06:57,560 --> 00:06:59,000 Speaker 2: person at the right moment. 127 00:06:59,560 --> 00:07:02,640 Speaker 3: So Bob was quirky but very lovable. 128 00:07:02,720 --> 00:07:05,719 Speaker 2: He brought a little levity to the office. Everybody loved 129 00:07:05,839 --> 00:07:08,680 Speaker 2: working with Bob. It was just one problem with Bob. 130 00:07:08,720 --> 00:07:11,600 Speaker 2: He was doing terrible work. I couldn't understand what was 131 00:07:11,600 --> 00:07:14,119 Speaker 2: going on because he had this incredible resume, this great 132 00:07:14,160 --> 00:07:17,520 Speaker 2: history of accomplishments. I learned much later the problem was 133 00:07:17,560 --> 00:07:20,440 Speaker 2: that Bob was smoking pot in the bathroom three times 134 00:07:20,480 --> 00:07:23,320 Speaker 2: a day, which maybe explained all that candy that he had, 135 00:07:23,480 --> 00:07:25,920 Speaker 2: but I didn't know any of that. All I knew 136 00:07:25,960 --> 00:07:28,920 Speaker 2: was that Bob was handing mark into me, and there 137 00:07:28,960 --> 00:07:32,160 Speaker 2: was shame in his eyes. He knew it wasn't nearly 138 00:07:32,200 --> 00:07:35,440 Speaker 2: good enough. And I would say something to him along 139 00:07:35,480 --> 00:07:38,160 Speaker 2: the lines of, oh, Bob, you're so smart, you're so awesome. 140 00:07:38,280 --> 00:07:40,560 Speaker 3: We all love working with you. Maybe you could make 141 00:07:40,600 --> 00:07:42,600 Speaker 3: it just a little bit better, which of course he 142 00:07:42,680 --> 00:07:43,120 Speaker 3: never did. 143 00:07:43,120 --> 00:07:45,720 Speaker 2: So let's pause for a moment. Why did I say 144 00:07:45,760 --> 00:07:49,520 Speaker 2: something so banal to Bob? I think part of the 145 00:07:49,600 --> 00:07:55,200 Speaker 2: problem was that Bob was sensitive and popular, and I 146 00:07:55,280 --> 00:07:58,080 Speaker 2: really didn't want to hurt his feelings. But also, if 147 00:07:58,120 --> 00:08:03,840 Speaker 2: I'm honest with myself, little manipulative insincerity going on because 148 00:08:04,080 --> 00:08:07,080 Speaker 2: he was so popular and so sensitive that there was 149 00:08:07,160 --> 00:08:09,680 Speaker 2: part of me that was afraid that if I told 150 00:08:09,760 --> 00:08:12,080 Speaker 2: him and no uncertain terms that his work wasn't nearly 151 00:08:12,080 --> 00:08:14,000 Speaker 2: good enough, that he would get upset, he might even 152 00:08:14,040 --> 00:08:17,560 Speaker 2: start to cry, and then everyone would think I was 153 00:08:17,560 --> 00:08:19,560 Speaker 2: a big you know what. And so the part of 154 00:08:19,560 --> 00:08:22,240 Speaker 2: me that was worried about my reputation as a leader, 155 00:08:22,600 --> 00:08:25,640 Speaker 2: that was the kind of manipulative insincerity part. The part 156 00:08:25,680 --> 00:08:29,040 Speaker 2: of me that was worried about Bob's feelings that was 157 00:08:29,320 --> 00:08:33,040 Speaker 2: the ruinous sympathy part. This went on for ten months, 158 00:08:33,200 --> 00:08:36,440 Speaker 2: and eventually the inevitable happened, and I realized that if 159 00:08:36,520 --> 00:08:38,839 Speaker 2: I didn't fire Bob, I was going to lose all 160 00:08:39,120 --> 00:08:42,920 Speaker 2: the best performers on my team. And because not only 161 00:08:42,960 --> 00:08:46,559 Speaker 2: had I been unfair to Bob by not telling him 162 00:08:46,800 --> 00:08:49,080 Speaker 2: that his work wasn't nearly good enough, I'd been unfair 163 00:08:49,080 --> 00:08:52,600 Speaker 2: to the whole team. And everybody was frustrated. Their deliverables 164 00:08:52,640 --> 00:08:56,360 Speaker 2: were late because his deliverables were late. They were not 165 00:08:56,520 --> 00:08:58,440 Speaker 2: able to do their best work because they are having 166 00:08:58,480 --> 00:09:01,480 Speaker 2: to spend so much time redoing his work. And the 167 00:09:01,520 --> 00:09:03,440 Speaker 2: best performers on the team were going to quit. They 168 00:09:03,440 --> 00:09:05,560 Speaker 2: were going to go work someplace somewhere else where they 169 00:09:05,600 --> 00:09:09,000 Speaker 2: could do their best work. I realized that I had 170 00:09:09,000 --> 00:09:09,600 Speaker 2: failed to do. 171 00:09:09,559 --> 00:09:10,760 Speaker 3: My job, it was time to do it. 172 00:09:10,800 --> 00:09:14,400 Speaker 2: And when I finished explaining to him where things stood, 173 00:09:14,840 --> 00:09:17,640 Speaker 2: he kind of pushed the chair back from the table. 174 00:09:17,679 --> 00:09:19,560 Speaker 2: He looked me right in the eye and he said, 175 00:09:19,600 --> 00:09:20,640 Speaker 2: why didn't you tell me? 176 00:09:21,200 --> 00:09:21,600 Speaker 3: And as that. 177 00:09:21,840 --> 00:09:25,520 Speaker 2: Question was going around in my head with no good answer, 178 00:09:25,600 --> 00:09:27,600 Speaker 2: he looked at me again and he said, why didn't 179 00:09:27,640 --> 00:09:30,520 Speaker 2: anyone tell me? I thought you all cared about me? 180 00:09:31,240 --> 00:09:34,679 Speaker 2: And that was like, it hit me so hard. I 181 00:09:34,760 --> 00:09:36,720 Speaker 2: hadn't told him because I thought I was trying to 182 00:09:36,760 --> 00:09:39,480 Speaker 2: be nice, and now because I hadn't told him, I'm 183 00:09:39,520 --> 00:09:40,120 Speaker 2: firing him. 184 00:09:40,160 --> 00:09:41,440 Speaker 3: Not so nice after all. 185 00:09:41,679 --> 00:09:45,400 Speaker 2: And that is the moment in my career that really 186 00:09:45,559 --> 00:09:49,160 Speaker 2: prompted me to think very deeply about why so many 187 00:09:49,160 --> 00:09:52,520 Speaker 2: people this is the most common mistake that managers make, 188 00:09:52,800 --> 00:09:55,480 Speaker 2: I mean, frankly, that we make in all our relationships. 189 00:09:55,640 --> 00:09:58,040 Speaker 2: And it's what really prompted me to write the book 190 00:09:58,200 --> 00:10:01,559 Speaker 2: Radical Candor and come up with a two y two 191 00:10:01,640 --> 00:10:04,440 Speaker 2: framework and to do better next time, because all I 192 00:10:04,440 --> 00:10:06,920 Speaker 2: could do in the moment was make myself a very 193 00:10:06,960 --> 00:10:10,080 Speaker 2: solemn promise that I would never make that mistake again. 194 00:10:10,120 --> 00:10:12,400 Speaker 2: Because even Bob at this point agreed he should go 195 00:10:12,520 --> 00:10:14,400 Speaker 2: his reputation on the team was just shut. 196 00:10:14,720 --> 00:10:18,520 Speaker 1: It really speaks to what you say around managers need 197 00:10:18,600 --> 00:10:22,040 Speaker 1: to be good at willing to tick people off. And 198 00:10:22,320 --> 00:10:26,480 Speaker 1: that really resonated with me because as a lead in myself, 199 00:10:26,559 --> 00:10:28,000 Speaker 1: I really struggle with that. 200 00:10:28,600 --> 00:10:31,360 Speaker 3: Yeah, me too. Yeah, what if you found for. 201 00:10:31,360 --> 00:10:34,679 Speaker 1: Yourself and leaders that you've worked with, how do we 202 00:10:34,720 --> 00:10:35,760 Speaker 1: get better at that? 203 00:10:36,240 --> 00:10:39,959 Speaker 2: Remembering you're not trying to tick people off, but you 204 00:10:40,920 --> 00:10:43,920 Speaker 2: have to be willing to take a risk. Your job 205 00:10:44,000 --> 00:10:48,600 Speaker 2: as a manager is to help people grow and improve 206 00:10:49,559 --> 00:10:53,079 Speaker 2: and even though it might you know, in the case 207 00:10:53,080 --> 00:10:55,400 Speaker 2: of Bob, it might have hurt his feelings in the 208 00:10:55,440 --> 00:10:57,439 Speaker 2: short run, but in the long run it was better 209 00:10:57,480 --> 00:11:00,840 Speaker 2: for him. What I really wanted to do is be 210 00:11:01,120 --> 00:11:04,200 Speaker 2: kind to Bob. I've got to tell him the thing, 211 00:11:04,640 --> 00:11:06,480 Speaker 2: even if it sings a little. 212 00:11:06,280 --> 00:11:09,679 Speaker 3: Bit in the moment, and that is hard. 213 00:11:09,760 --> 00:11:12,000 Speaker 2: I mean, one of the things about being a manager 214 00:11:12,240 --> 00:11:15,199 Speaker 2: is that it can feel sometimes like a lonely one 215 00:11:15,240 --> 00:11:18,360 Speaker 2: way street. You're giving and you're not allowed to expect 216 00:11:18,559 --> 00:11:21,160 Speaker 2: to get. That's why you get paid the big box 217 00:11:21,800 --> 00:11:25,160 Speaker 2: as a manager, and think about it as paying it forward. 218 00:11:25,280 --> 00:11:26,920 Speaker 3: Someone did that hopefully. I mean. 219 00:11:26,960 --> 00:11:29,440 Speaker 2: You may have had some bad managers in your past, 220 00:11:29,480 --> 00:11:32,280 Speaker 2: but hopefully everyone's had some good managers too, and you're 221 00:11:32,280 --> 00:11:34,320 Speaker 2: sort of paying it forward being. 222 00:11:34,160 --> 00:11:37,440 Speaker 1: Good at willing to take people off and having that 223 00:11:37,520 --> 00:11:40,080 Speaker 1: as a skill. I've also heard you talk about you're 224 00:11:40,120 --> 00:11:44,760 Speaker 1: not a fan of managers being friends with their direct reports. 225 00:11:45,200 --> 00:11:47,800 Speaker 2: Not that I would say, don't be friends with them. 226 00:11:47,920 --> 00:11:50,400 Speaker 2: But the thing that's really important to remember is that 227 00:11:50,559 --> 00:11:54,000 Speaker 2: it is a very human relationship. It may not be 228 00:11:54,080 --> 00:11:57,800 Speaker 2: a friendship, it better not be a romance. And unless 229 00:11:57,840 --> 00:12:01,400 Speaker 2: it's a family business, it shouldn't be a family You 230 00:12:01,440 --> 00:12:03,960 Speaker 2: certainly don't want to play favorites, and that's one of 231 00:12:04,000 --> 00:12:07,760 Speaker 2: the risks. In many ways, a manager letting people know 232 00:12:07,800 --> 00:12:10,120 Speaker 2: when they're making a mistake as the labor of love. 233 00:12:10,640 --> 00:12:14,079 Speaker 2: But it shouldn't start with giving criticism. It should always 234 00:12:14,080 --> 00:12:17,199 Speaker 2: start with soliciting it and then giving praise, and then 235 00:12:17,240 --> 00:12:19,720 Speaker 2: giving criticism and then engaging how it's landing. 236 00:12:20,320 --> 00:12:24,160 Speaker 1: Let's get into criticism and praise. What questions should I 237 00:12:24,200 --> 00:12:27,280 Speaker 1: be asking to elicit criticism from my team? 238 00:12:27,840 --> 00:12:28,560 Speaker 3: Yeah? 239 00:12:28,640 --> 00:12:31,000 Speaker 2: So if you say, do you have any feedback for me, 240 00:12:31,080 --> 00:12:32,160 Speaker 2: you're wasting your breath. 241 00:12:32,200 --> 00:12:33,720 Speaker 3: I can already tell you the answer. 242 00:12:33,800 --> 00:12:38,280 Speaker 2: Oh no, everything's fine, Like nobody wants to give you feedback, 243 00:12:38,400 --> 00:12:41,640 Speaker 2: except your teenage children. One of the things that I 244 00:12:41,720 --> 00:12:45,880 Speaker 2: recommend is that people come up with their go to 245 00:12:46,120 --> 00:12:49,760 Speaker 2: question and I'll tell you what mine is, which I 246 00:12:49,800 --> 00:12:52,320 Speaker 2: didn't to be fair, I didn't make up myself. I 247 00:12:52,320 --> 00:12:54,600 Speaker 2: had a coach tell me this, so you can borrow 248 00:12:54,640 --> 00:12:56,840 Speaker 2: it if it works for you. Is what could I 249 00:12:56,960 --> 00:12:59,760 Speaker 2: do or stop doing that would make it easier to 250 00:12:59,800 --> 00:13:02,600 Speaker 2: work with me? And if you buy the book and 251 00:13:02,640 --> 00:13:05,720 Speaker 2: read it, you'll notice it's worded a little bit differently 252 00:13:05,880 --> 00:13:08,280 Speaker 2: in the book. And I got some feedback that the 253 00:13:08,320 --> 00:13:10,960 Speaker 2: way I worded it in the book was imperfect. So 254 00:13:11,679 --> 00:13:14,880 Speaker 2: the way it's worded in the book is is there anything? 255 00:13:15,080 --> 00:13:17,920 Speaker 2: And someone pointed out, you don't want to ask a 256 00:13:18,000 --> 00:13:19,920 Speaker 2: question that can be answered with a yes or no. 257 00:13:20,320 --> 00:13:22,360 Speaker 2: So what could I do or stop doing that would 258 00:13:22,360 --> 00:13:25,440 Speaker 2: make it easier to work with me. I was working 259 00:13:25,440 --> 00:13:28,600 Speaker 2: with Krista Quarrels when she was CEO of Open Table 260 00:13:29,000 --> 00:13:31,760 Speaker 2: and she said, Kim, I could never imagine your words 261 00:13:31,800 --> 00:13:32,840 Speaker 2: coming out of my mouth. 262 00:13:33,520 --> 00:13:36,400 Speaker 3: And she said, the question I like to ask is 263 00:13:36,520 --> 00:13:37,600 Speaker 3: tell me why I'm wrong. 264 00:13:38,080 --> 00:13:41,440 Speaker 2: Okay, that's a fine way to ask too, it's got 265 00:13:41,440 --> 00:13:43,720 Speaker 2: to sound like you. But The other thing about your 266 00:13:43,800 --> 00:13:45,840 Speaker 2: question is you want to make sure that you adjust 267 00:13:45,880 --> 00:13:47,800 Speaker 2: it for the person you're asking it up. There are 268 00:13:47,800 --> 00:13:50,320 Speaker 2: a couple of people on Christmas team who found that 269 00:13:50,400 --> 00:13:52,680 Speaker 2: question too aggressive, and so for them she had to 270 00:13:52,880 --> 00:13:54,840 Speaker 2: sort of back off and ask it more gently. 271 00:13:55,440 --> 00:13:58,480 Speaker 1: What are some other variations on that question that you 272 00:13:58,559 --> 00:14:01,280 Speaker 1: asked to elicit face back from others that are stuck 273 00:14:01,320 --> 00:14:01,520 Speaker 1: with you? 274 00:14:01,720 --> 00:14:05,800 Speaker 2: Jason Rosoff, who is the person who I co founded 275 00:14:06,080 --> 00:14:09,160 Speaker 2: Radical can or the company with he likes to ask 276 00:14:09,600 --> 00:14:12,520 Speaker 2: where this week did I get involved where you didn't 277 00:14:12,559 --> 00:14:15,720 Speaker 2: want me involved? And where did I not get involved 278 00:14:15,760 --> 00:14:18,920 Speaker 2: where you did want me involved? And the interesting thing 279 00:14:19,040 --> 00:14:24,960 Speaker 2: there is that some people really like their managers to 280 00:14:25,520 --> 00:14:28,400 Speaker 2: mostly leave them alone, and other people really want them 281 00:14:28,440 --> 00:14:32,240 Speaker 2: more involved. And so as a manager, you want to 282 00:14:32,280 --> 00:14:35,440 Speaker 2: try to be a thought partner, not a micromanager or 283 00:14:35,480 --> 00:14:39,040 Speaker 2: an absentee manager. But different people are going to define 284 00:14:39,040 --> 00:14:42,040 Speaker 2: those things differently, So it's useful to find out what 285 00:14:42,120 --> 00:14:43,200 Speaker 2: people want from you. 286 00:14:43,920 --> 00:14:48,560 Speaker 1: How do you know when you're asking too often for criticism? 287 00:14:48,760 --> 00:14:50,880 Speaker 1: Is there a line somewhere? 288 00:14:51,400 --> 00:14:53,600 Speaker 2: As a general rule, I want to ask at the 289 00:14:53,680 --> 00:14:55,480 Speaker 2: end of every one on one, like once a. 290 00:14:55,400 --> 00:14:57,560 Speaker 1: Week, so I want to ask about that, because it's 291 00:14:57,560 --> 00:14:59,880 Speaker 1: one thing to ask for feedback, and it's another too 292 00:15:00,000 --> 00:15:03,880 Speaker 1: you receive it in a way that positively reinforces the feedback, 293 00:15:03,920 --> 00:15:05,479 Speaker 1: giving you more feedback. 294 00:15:05,520 --> 00:15:08,360 Speaker 3: So how have you, kim become. 295 00:15:08,080 --> 00:15:12,960 Speaker 1: Better at receiving criticism And I'm interested, particularly in criticism 296 00:15:12,960 --> 00:15:14,359 Speaker 1: that you feel is unwarranted. 297 00:15:15,080 --> 00:15:16,080 Speaker 3: Yeah, you want. 298 00:15:15,920 --> 00:15:19,240 Speaker 2: To make sure that you're listening with the intent to understand, 299 00:15:19,560 --> 00:15:22,200 Speaker 2: not to respond. The first step is to manage your 300 00:15:22,240 --> 00:15:26,120 Speaker 2: own defensiveness. The next thing that's really important is to 301 00:15:26,400 --> 00:15:29,440 Speaker 2: reward the candor when you get it. When someone gives 302 00:15:29,480 --> 00:15:33,400 Speaker 2: you some feedback, they are taking a risk, and if 303 00:15:33,400 --> 00:15:36,600 Speaker 2: you don't reward risk richly, you'll never. 304 00:15:36,520 --> 00:15:39,960 Speaker 3: Take that risk again. It's tricky because it's easy to 305 00:15:39,960 --> 00:15:43,720 Speaker 3: feel like a disagreement poses a risk to your relationship. 306 00:15:44,200 --> 00:15:47,800 Speaker 3: But some of the best relationships of my career have 307 00:15:47,960 --> 00:15:50,400 Speaker 3: started with a good, respectful disagreement. 308 00:15:50,800 --> 00:15:53,080 Speaker 1: I want to ask about a situation I was in 309 00:15:53,120 --> 00:15:57,040 Speaker 1: a few months ago where I had been given some 310 00:15:57,440 --> 00:16:00,920 Speaker 1: feedback via one of my team that was about someone 311 00:16:00,960 --> 00:16:04,680 Speaker 1: that had left the organization. And when I heard the feedback, 312 00:16:05,000 --> 00:16:08,720 Speaker 1: I knew intellectually I need to receive the feedback and 313 00:16:08,760 --> 00:16:11,840 Speaker 1: not get defensive, but when I heard the feedback, I 314 00:16:11,880 --> 00:16:14,200 Speaker 1: actually knew that there was another side of the story, 315 00:16:14,600 --> 00:16:17,120 Speaker 1: and at the time, I thought, how do I respond 316 00:16:17,240 --> 00:16:20,840 Speaker 1: to this? And I made the decision to just be 317 00:16:20,960 --> 00:16:23,960 Speaker 1: quiet and listen and thank the person for the feedback. 318 00:16:24,000 --> 00:16:25,920 Speaker 1: But then I walked away from that conversation and I 319 00:16:25,960 --> 00:16:29,880 Speaker 1: felt so frustrated, And a few weeks later, I said, hey, 320 00:16:30,400 --> 00:16:32,640 Speaker 1: when you gave me this feedback, it was really hard 321 00:16:32,680 --> 00:16:37,600 Speaker 1: to take for this reason, and I didn't share with 322 00:16:37,680 --> 00:16:39,320 Speaker 1: them my side of the story because I wanted to 323 00:16:39,320 --> 00:16:42,920 Speaker 1: protect confidentiality. But I'd gotten really frustrated sitting with that, 324 00:16:43,040 --> 00:16:44,800 Speaker 1: and I want to know, what should I have done 325 00:16:44,800 --> 00:16:46,680 Speaker 1: better in that situation, Kim. 326 00:16:47,040 --> 00:16:49,360 Speaker 2: Yeah, it seems like a really hard situation because you 327 00:16:49,400 --> 00:16:52,400 Speaker 2: couldn't share your side of the story. I think I 328 00:16:52,440 --> 00:16:55,920 Speaker 2: would double click on that a little bit and say, 329 00:16:56,400 --> 00:16:59,040 Speaker 2: are there maybe there are some details of your side 330 00:16:59,040 --> 00:17:01,000 Speaker 2: of the story that you can't but maybe there's some 331 00:17:01,160 --> 00:17:04,680 Speaker 2: that you can share. Because it never is very satisfying 332 00:17:04,720 --> 00:17:06,800 Speaker 2: to say that's not what happened, but I can't tell 333 00:17:06,840 --> 00:17:10,359 Speaker 2: you what happened, you know, So I think what I 334 00:17:10,359 --> 00:17:13,919 Speaker 2: would have done in that moment is to say I 335 00:17:14,000 --> 00:17:17,760 Speaker 2: really appreciate that you shared this with me, and I'm 336 00:17:17,800 --> 00:17:20,240 Speaker 2: sorry that you had the experience you had. 337 00:17:20,320 --> 00:17:22,520 Speaker 3: It sounds like it was really frustrating. 338 00:17:23,080 --> 00:17:27,479 Speaker 2: However, there's more to this story, and here's what I 339 00:17:27,600 --> 00:17:30,040 Speaker 2: can tell you. There's a lot more that I cannot 340 00:17:30,119 --> 00:17:33,199 Speaker 2: tell you, but I want to assure you that I 341 00:17:33,240 --> 00:17:36,360 Speaker 2: wouldn't have done what you thought I did. You know 342 00:17:36,520 --> 00:17:40,119 Speaker 2: something along those lines, because the problem with just saying 343 00:17:40,160 --> 00:17:43,080 Speaker 2: thank you for the feedback and walking away and feeling 344 00:17:43,119 --> 00:17:47,400 Speaker 2: frustrated is that, unless you're an Oscar winning actor, that 345 00:17:47,440 --> 00:17:49,120 Speaker 2: person knew you were frustrated. 346 00:17:53,080 --> 00:17:56,520 Speaker 1: We will be back with Kim soon talking about what 347 00:17:56,680 --> 00:17:59,439 Speaker 1: to do if you really disagree with the feedback that 348 00:17:59,480 --> 00:18:03,040 Speaker 1: you've just been given, and also Kim's views on the 349 00:18:03,080 --> 00:18:06,919 Speaker 1: best way to give someone praise. If you're looking for 350 00:18:07,000 --> 00:18:09,880 Speaker 1: more tips to improve the way you work and live, 351 00:18:10,280 --> 00:18:13,000 Speaker 1: I write a weekly newsletter where I share practical and 352 00:18:13,160 --> 00:18:16,240 Speaker 1: simple to apply tips to improve your life. You can 353 00:18:16,240 --> 00:18:20,880 Speaker 1: sign up for that at Amantha dot substack dot com. 354 00:18:20,920 --> 00:18:29,879 Speaker 1: That's Amantha dot substack dot com. In those situations where 355 00:18:30,000 --> 00:18:35,080 Speaker 1: you're receiving feedback and or criticism, let's say, and you 356 00:18:35,880 --> 00:18:38,520 Speaker 1: find the five to ten percent that you can agree 357 00:18:38,560 --> 00:18:40,480 Speaker 1: with and embrace and learn from. But if there is 358 00:18:40,520 --> 00:18:44,359 Speaker 1: a situation where you do disagree with a large chunk, 359 00:18:44,560 --> 00:18:47,359 Speaker 1: should you raise that at the time or should you 360 00:18:47,720 --> 00:18:50,040 Speaker 1: give it some space and then come back to it 361 00:18:50,040 --> 00:18:53,600 Speaker 1: potentially when emotions have come down? What should we be 362 00:18:53,600 --> 00:18:54,080 Speaker 1: doing there? 363 00:18:54,640 --> 00:18:57,360 Speaker 2: First of all, don't shut all over yourself. There's no 364 00:18:57,400 --> 00:19:02,120 Speaker 2: one right answer, So how some compassion for yourself. If 365 00:19:02,160 --> 00:19:06,680 Speaker 2: I am feeling like I'm really upset, then I might wait. However, 366 00:19:06,800 --> 00:19:09,920 Speaker 2: if I'm calm enough that I feel like my executive 367 00:19:09,960 --> 00:19:13,320 Speaker 2: function is more or less fully engaged, it's a little 368 00:19:13,359 --> 00:19:16,240 Speaker 2: bit easier to have the conversation on the spot. 369 00:19:16,880 --> 00:19:18,960 Speaker 1: I would love to talk about the flip side to 370 00:19:19,040 --> 00:19:23,639 Speaker 1: giving criticism, which is giving praise and how do I 371 00:19:23,640 --> 00:19:25,800 Speaker 1: do a good job of giving praise. 372 00:19:26,640 --> 00:19:30,360 Speaker 2: The rules of thumb for praise are the same as 373 00:19:30,400 --> 00:19:34,200 Speaker 2: those for criticism. You want to for both praise and criticism. 374 00:19:34,240 --> 00:19:36,320 Speaker 2: You want to be humble. You're not the arbiter of 375 00:19:36,359 --> 00:19:39,360 Speaker 2: what's good or bad. You're sharing your perspective. You want 376 00:19:39,359 --> 00:19:42,159 Speaker 2: to state your intention to be helpful. You want to 377 00:19:42,200 --> 00:19:44,359 Speaker 2: do it right away. The purpose of praise is to 378 00:19:44,440 --> 00:19:46,760 Speaker 2: tell people what to do. More of why would you wait. 379 00:19:47,440 --> 00:19:51,679 Speaker 2: You want to praise in public, criticize in private, and 380 00:19:51,760 --> 00:19:52,960 Speaker 2: you want to do it in person. 381 00:19:53,600 --> 00:19:56,800 Speaker 1: Something I'm curious about is the idea of how we 382 00:19:56,880 --> 00:20:00,640 Speaker 1: can get better as a team at debating obviously doing 383 00:20:00,640 --> 00:20:04,040 Speaker 1: that with respect. What advice do you have to get 384 00:20:04,119 --> 00:20:07,720 Speaker 1: better at creating a culture of debate in a respectful way. 385 00:20:08,400 --> 00:20:10,880 Speaker 2: One of the most important things you can do is 386 00:20:10,920 --> 00:20:14,400 Speaker 2: to create consequences for bullying, because there's nothing that will 387 00:20:14,400 --> 00:20:18,560 Speaker 2: destroy a good debate faster than someone who decides to 388 00:20:18,640 --> 00:20:21,439 Speaker 2: bully others in the course of that debate. And the 389 00:20:21,520 --> 00:20:25,000 Speaker 2: thing about debate is that it has to happen in public. 390 00:20:25,640 --> 00:20:29,639 Speaker 2: Making sure that you're creating an environment in which people 391 00:20:29,720 --> 00:20:33,600 Speaker 2: are respectful, that where you're disrupting bias when it happens, 392 00:20:34,200 --> 00:20:38,480 Speaker 2: and where you create conversational consequences for bullying as well 393 00:20:38,520 --> 00:20:44,119 Speaker 2: as compensation consequences and career consequences. Ultimately, that's going to 394 00:20:44,119 --> 00:20:46,880 Speaker 2: help you create a culture of debate. You also want 395 00:20:46,920 --> 00:20:50,879 Speaker 2: to make sure that you ask people to really check 396 00:20:50,920 --> 00:20:55,240 Speaker 2: their egos when they come into debate. You're debating an idea, 397 00:20:55,720 --> 00:20:59,240 Speaker 2: you're debating a notion, and the goal is to come 398 00:20:59,320 --> 00:21:03,600 Speaker 2: together the best idea the best solution that you can have. 399 00:21:03,760 --> 00:21:08,520 Speaker 1: You seen certain methods of helping people check their ego 400 00:21:09,200 --> 00:21:13,640 Speaker 1: and be focused on debating the ideas and not the person. 401 00:21:14,280 --> 00:21:17,400 Speaker 1: Just people naturally feel a little bit attached to their ideas. 402 00:21:17,119 --> 00:21:18,760 Speaker 3: And take it personally when they criticized. 403 00:21:19,520 --> 00:21:23,159 Speaker 2: Yeah, criticism shouldn't happen in public. You shouldn't criticize a 404 00:21:23,280 --> 00:21:27,360 Speaker 2: person in a debate. Anytime you criticize someone in public, 405 00:21:27,440 --> 00:21:29,280 Speaker 2: they're going to take it personally. 406 00:21:29,080 --> 00:21:32,320 Speaker 3: So it's not a good idea. But you can debate. 407 00:21:33,480 --> 00:21:36,000 Speaker 2: One of the things I talked about in Radical Respect 408 00:21:36,359 --> 00:21:40,119 Speaker 2: is a Rogerian debate. And the idea of a rogarian 409 00:21:40,200 --> 00:21:42,680 Speaker 2: debate is that you and I at a certain point 410 00:21:42,720 --> 00:21:45,480 Speaker 2: and the discussion, we switch roles and I argue for 411 00:21:45,640 --> 00:21:48,320 Speaker 2: your side and you argue for my side. And that 412 00:21:48,720 --> 00:21:52,480 Speaker 2: can really help people learn to listen to each other 413 00:21:52,880 --> 00:21:56,240 Speaker 2: and learn to talk more respectfully to each other so 414 00:21:56,280 --> 00:21:58,879 Speaker 2: that we can put our heads together and come up 415 00:21:58,880 --> 00:22:00,879 Speaker 2: with a better answer. I mean, that's the point of 416 00:22:00,960 --> 00:22:02,920 Speaker 2: being on a team, as you get different points of 417 00:22:03,000 --> 00:22:05,200 Speaker 2: view and you put them out on the table, and 418 00:22:05,240 --> 00:22:09,199 Speaker 2: that's what helps you come up with the best answer. 419 00:22:09,359 --> 00:22:12,520 Speaker 2: Steve jobs Likens debate on a team to a rock tumbler. 420 00:22:12,520 --> 00:22:15,040 Speaker 2: You put a bunch of ordinary stones in this tin? 421 00:22:15,160 --> 00:22:17,359 Speaker 2: Can you put some grit in there? It's on the motor, 422 00:22:17,440 --> 00:22:19,400 Speaker 2: it spins around. There's a lot of noise, a lot 423 00:22:19,400 --> 00:22:22,760 Speaker 2: of friction, but outcome these beautifully polished stones. And that's 424 00:22:22,800 --> 00:22:24,760 Speaker 2: what we can do for each other if we're willing 425 00:22:24,880 --> 00:22:27,960 Speaker 2: to debate and discuss ideas openly. 426 00:22:28,280 --> 00:22:30,320 Speaker 1: I do love that. How do you know at what 427 00:22:30,400 --> 00:22:33,919 Speaker 1: point to introduce that? Do you typically assign someone with 428 00:22:33,960 --> 00:22:36,560 Speaker 1: the role of facilitator to go, okay, now it's time 429 00:22:36,600 --> 00:22:38,840 Speaker 1: to switch viewpoints? How have you found that works in 430 00:22:38,880 --> 00:22:40,120 Speaker 1: practice when you've used it. 431 00:22:40,840 --> 00:22:43,320 Speaker 3: I'm usually not very good at being very formal. 432 00:22:43,480 --> 00:22:45,280 Speaker 2: The way that I tend to use it is if 433 00:22:45,320 --> 00:22:50,120 Speaker 2: I notice the quality of the conversation degrading, I will suggest, 434 00:22:50,160 --> 00:22:53,680 Speaker 2: why don't we switch roles? I also use it when 435 00:22:54,000 --> 00:22:57,240 Speaker 2: I have a particular point of view, and if I 436 00:22:57,280 --> 00:23:00,320 Speaker 2: have some kind of authority in the situation, I want 437 00:23:00,359 --> 00:23:02,720 Speaker 2: to lay that power down, and so I find it 438 00:23:02,840 --> 00:23:05,720 Speaker 2: very useful to say, Okay, I know here's what you think. 439 00:23:05,760 --> 00:23:08,240 Speaker 2: Here's what I think. Why don't I argue your point 440 00:23:08,240 --> 00:23:10,760 Speaker 2: of view? When you argue mine and that can make 441 00:23:10,800 --> 00:23:13,520 Speaker 2: it easier for folks to argue with me and also 442 00:23:13,680 --> 00:23:15,560 Speaker 2: maybe to understand my point of view. 443 00:23:16,160 --> 00:23:18,000 Speaker 1: I love that I'm definitely going to be taking a 444 00:23:18,040 --> 00:23:21,679 Speaker 1: lot of these ideas back to my business INVENTI and Kim, 445 00:23:21,800 --> 00:23:24,280 Speaker 1: thank you for all the tools and strategies that you've 446 00:23:24,280 --> 00:23:26,920 Speaker 1: given me as a leader, and thank you so much 447 00:23:26,920 --> 00:23:27,840 Speaker 1: for your time today. 448 00:23:28,560 --> 00:23:32,760 Speaker 2: Well, thank you for yours love your podcast, and hopefully 449 00:23:32,760 --> 00:23:36,440 Speaker 2: the Radical candor Radical Respect podcast can help your listeners 450 00:23:36,480 --> 00:23:36,920 Speaker 2: as well. 451 00:23:37,760 --> 00:23:40,679 Speaker 1: If you liked this chat with Kim Scott, you should 452 00:23:40,720 --> 00:23:44,159 Speaker 1: definitely go out and grab her latest book, Radical Respect, 453 00:23:44,320 --> 00:23:47,640 Speaker 1: and if you haven't read her classic Radical Canada, I 454 00:23:47,720 --> 00:23:50,800 Speaker 1: highly recommend it as a really simple and practical way 455 00:23:51,040 --> 00:23:55,359 Speaker 1: of improving how you give and receive feedback and ultimately 456 00:23:55,600 --> 00:24:00,639 Speaker 1: become a better leader. If you enjoyed today's episode, I 457 00:24:00,680 --> 00:24:04,000 Speaker 1: would love to ask a favor. Click follow on the 458 00:24:04,040 --> 00:24:06,480 Speaker 1: podcast app that you're listening to this on, and if 459 00:24:06,480 --> 00:24:09,840 Speaker 1: you're feeling really generous, leave a review for the show. 460 00:24:10,640 --> 00:24:14,400 Speaker 1: Following this podcast and leaving reviews helps how I work 461 00:24:14,480 --> 00:24:17,520 Speaker 1: find new listeners and your support is one of the 462 00:24:17,560 --> 00:24:22,080 Speaker 1: things that makes this podcast possible. Thank you for sharing 463 00:24:22,119 --> 00:24:24,280 Speaker 1: part of your day with me by listening to How 464 00:24:24,320 --> 00:24:24,920 Speaker 1: I Worked. 465 00:24:25,320 --> 00:24:26,200 Speaker 3: If you're keen for. 466 00:24:26,240 --> 00:24:28,720 Speaker 1: More tips on how to work better, connect with me 467 00:24:28,920 --> 00:24:32,840 Speaker 1: via LinkedIn or Instagram. I'm very easy to find. Just 468 00:24:32,880 --> 00:24:37,800 Speaker 1: search for Amantha Imba. How I Work was recorded on 469 00:24:37,880 --> 00:24:41,639 Speaker 1: the traditional land of the Warrangery people, part of the 470 00:24:41,720 --> 00:24:45,240 Speaker 1: cool And Nation. I am so grateful for being able 471 00:24:45,280 --> 00:24:48,000 Speaker 1: to work and live on this beautiful land and I 472 00:24:48,080 --> 00:24:51,800 Speaker 1: want to pay my respects to elder's past, present and emerging. 473 00:24:52,640 --> 00:24:56,399 Speaker 1: How I Work is produced by me Amantha Imba. The 474 00:24:56,520 --> 00:25:00,320 Speaker 1: episode producer was Rowena Murray, and then thank you to 475 00:25:00,440 --> 00:25:03,800 Speaker 1: Martin Imba who does the audio mix for every episode 476 00:25:03,920 --> 00:25:06,639 Speaker 1: and makes everything sound better than it would have otherwise.