1 00:00:00,520 --> 00:00:03,280 Speaker 1: Already, and this is the daily art. 2 00:00:03,400 --> 00:00:06,840 Speaker 2: This is the daily ohs oh, now it makes sense. 3 00:00:14,720 --> 00:00:17,440 Speaker 2: Good morning and welcome to the Daily Ours. It's Thursday, 4 00:00:17,480 --> 00:00:19,840 Speaker 2: the sixth of November. I'm Emma Gillespie. 5 00:00:19,960 --> 00:00:20,880 Speaker 1: I'm Lucy Tassel. 6 00:00:21,400 --> 00:00:23,560 Speaker 2: Think back to the last time you logged in to 7 00:00:23,880 --> 00:00:28,280 Speaker 2: your Netflix, Disney Plus or any streaming service and ask 8 00:00:28,320 --> 00:00:32,360 Speaker 2: yourself this, how much oussie content do you remember seeing? 9 00:00:32,680 --> 00:00:36,040 Speaker 2: If you're struggling to imagine a single local production, the 10 00:00:36,120 --> 00:00:40,519 Speaker 2: future could look very different. That's because, after years of discussion, 11 00:00:40,520 --> 00:00:44,480 Speaker 2: the federal government has announced it will introduce legislation requiring 12 00:00:44,520 --> 00:00:48,640 Speaker 2: streaming services to boost their spending on Oussie content. Today 13 00:00:48,720 --> 00:00:51,600 Speaker 2: we will explain everything you need to know about this announcement, 14 00:00:51,680 --> 00:00:54,360 Speaker 2: what it means for the film and television industry here, 15 00:00:54,800 --> 00:00:59,160 Speaker 2: and how the streamers themselves are responding. But first, today 16 00:00:59,240 --> 00:01:01,760 Speaker 2: is a big and excite day because we have a 17 00:01:01,880 --> 00:01:06,560 Speaker 2: culture newsletter. It's launching this afternoon. If you want to 18 00:01:06,600 --> 00:01:08,800 Speaker 2: be one of the first people in the country to 19 00:01:08,920 --> 00:01:11,880 Speaker 2: read it, sign up at the link in our show notes. 20 00:01:15,800 --> 00:01:18,560 Speaker 1: Okay, up, before we get into the details of this announcement, 21 00:01:18,600 --> 00:01:21,759 Speaker 1: can you explain what's the state of play in Australian media. 22 00:01:22,120 --> 00:01:25,880 Speaker 2: Yes. So some really important context for this story is 23 00:01:25,920 --> 00:01:30,080 Speaker 2: that for decades Australia has had really strong content requirements 24 00:01:30,120 --> 00:01:33,880 Speaker 2: for free to air television. So commercial free to air 25 00:01:34,400 --> 00:01:37,080 Speaker 2: the ABC and SBS have their own kind of charters 26 00:01:37,080 --> 00:01:41,640 Speaker 2: and requirements around local content, but commercial networks so seven, 27 00:01:41,800 --> 00:01:46,000 Speaker 2: nine and ten must broadcast an annual minimum of fifty 28 00:01:46,120 --> 00:01:50,640 Speaker 2: five percent Australian content between six am and midnight on 29 00:01:50,720 --> 00:01:53,840 Speaker 2: their primary channels, so more than half of their annual 30 00:01:53,880 --> 00:01:57,480 Speaker 2: content in those hours has to be Aussie programming. They 31 00:01:57,520 --> 00:02:00,880 Speaker 2: also have to meet minimum our requirements on their non 32 00:02:01,040 --> 00:02:04,400 Speaker 2: primary channels each year. So for example, Channel nine has 33 00:02:04,440 --> 00:02:07,520 Speaker 2: that fifty five percent requirement, but a channel like nine 34 00:02:07,640 --> 00:02:09,919 Speaker 2: GEM has slightly different rules. 35 00:02:10,120 --> 00:02:10,320 Speaker 1: Yeah. 36 00:02:10,600 --> 00:02:15,480 Speaker 2: PayTV like Foxtel also has obligations to invest in Australian content, 37 00:02:15,880 --> 00:02:17,959 Speaker 2: and these are rules that have been in place for decades. 38 00:02:18,000 --> 00:02:21,800 Speaker 2: They're considered an essential way to protect local productions that 39 00:02:21,919 --> 00:02:25,840 Speaker 2: might otherwise struggle to compete with the massive budgets of 40 00:02:25,880 --> 00:02:29,200 Speaker 2: overseas content, particularly out of the US and the UK. 41 00:02:30,160 --> 00:02:33,600 Speaker 1: You've mentioned freeware channels, and you've mentioned PATV channels, but 42 00:02:33,639 --> 00:02:36,239 Speaker 1: you haven't mentioned where I think I mean, I don't 43 00:02:36,240 --> 00:02:38,480 Speaker 1: know about the statistics, but where I think most Australians 44 00:02:38,520 --> 00:02:41,120 Speaker 1: are watching most of their TV these days, which is 45 00:02:41,280 --> 00:02:44,680 Speaker 1: streaming services. Do they have any requirements? 46 00:02:44,720 --> 00:02:47,480 Speaker 2: In short? No, And this is the gap that the 47 00:02:47,480 --> 00:02:50,560 Speaker 2: government is trying to close with this new policy. So 48 00:02:50,639 --> 00:02:54,000 Speaker 2: when streaming platforms arrived in Australia around ten years ago, 49 00:02:54,160 --> 00:02:58,000 Speaker 2: if you can believe, the likes of Netflix, Amazon's Prime 50 00:02:58,120 --> 00:03:02,359 Speaker 2: Video were able to build huge audiences without the same 51 00:03:02,440 --> 00:03:07,720 Speaker 2: obligation to invest in Australian stories as linear TV traditional 52 00:03:07,760 --> 00:03:11,600 Speaker 2: TV competitors, and as we've seen with many examples of 53 00:03:11,639 --> 00:03:16,280 Speaker 2: new media, digital media regulations basically just have not kept 54 00:03:16,360 --> 00:03:19,680 Speaker 2: up with the popularity and the boom of streaming. So 55 00:03:19,800 --> 00:03:23,240 Speaker 2: the television landscape has changed, but the rules haven't. 56 00:03:23,760 --> 00:03:25,600 Speaker 1: So what's the government's plan to change that? 57 00:03:26,200 --> 00:03:29,160 Speaker 2: So it's announced this proposal that would apply to streaming 58 00:03:29,200 --> 00:03:34,560 Speaker 2: services with more than one million Australian subscribers, so that's Netflix, 59 00:03:34,639 --> 00:03:38,960 Speaker 2: Disney Plus, Prime Video, probably Apple TV plus, although it 60 00:03:39,000 --> 00:03:43,600 Speaker 2: doesn't publish local subscriber numbers. These platforms, though, will need 61 00:03:43,640 --> 00:03:47,200 Speaker 2: to invest at least ten percent of their total Australian 62 00:03:47,280 --> 00:03:51,279 Speaker 2: expenditure or seven and a half percent of their Australian 63 00:03:51,400 --> 00:03:56,720 Speaker 2: revenue in new Aussie content. Now that content must be drama, 64 00:03:57,240 --> 00:04:02,240 Speaker 2: kids programming, documentaries or art and educational programs. And the 65 00:04:02,320 --> 00:04:06,640 Speaker 2: rule also requires post production to happen in Australia, which 66 00:04:06,760 --> 00:04:10,280 Speaker 2: is important because it opens more opportunities for more local 67 00:04:10,400 --> 00:04:14,640 Speaker 2: jobs editors, composers, etc. Now, when it comes to stand 68 00:04:14,760 --> 00:04:18,240 Speaker 2: and Paramount Plus, even though they are owned by Australian 69 00:04:18,240 --> 00:04:21,839 Speaker 2: freedowares nine and ten, they will also be subject to 70 00:04:21,880 --> 00:04:22,680 Speaker 2: these requirements. 71 00:04:23,080 --> 00:04:26,400 Speaker 1: I'm a little bit confused about how much streamers are 72 00:04:26,400 --> 00:04:28,680 Speaker 1: actually going to have to spend. So you mentioned ten 73 00:04:28,720 --> 00:04:32,880 Speaker 1: percent of expenditure and seven point five percent of revenue. 74 00:04:32,920 --> 00:04:33,960 Speaker 1: How will that actually work. 75 00:04:34,240 --> 00:04:37,920 Speaker 2: Yeah, it's confusing, let's be honest. But I dug into 76 00:04:37,920 --> 00:04:41,159 Speaker 2: this a little bit more. Expenditure refers to what a 77 00:04:41,200 --> 00:04:46,000 Speaker 2: platform spends on content shown in Australia, so, for example, 78 00:04:46,400 --> 00:04:50,320 Speaker 2: licensing fees what it costs them to secure the rights 79 00:04:50,360 --> 00:04:55,360 Speaker 2: to showing a program to Ossie audiences, whereas revenue refers 80 00:04:55,400 --> 00:04:59,440 Speaker 2: to how much money a streaming platform earns from its subscribers. 81 00:05:00,080 --> 00:05:03,720 Speaker 2: One of the government's proposal, platforms can choose which model 82 00:05:03,760 --> 00:05:06,840 Speaker 2: they want to follow. So for example, let's say streaming 83 00:05:06,880 --> 00:05:10,479 Speaker 2: service spends one hundred million dollars annually in total on 84 00:05:10,680 --> 00:05:14,679 Speaker 2: content for Australia. Their expenditure, they would need to ensure 85 00:05:14,760 --> 00:05:17,640 Speaker 2: at least ten million dollars a year is going towards 86 00:05:17,760 --> 00:05:21,520 Speaker 2: new Australian productions. Alternatively, if they generate one hundred million 87 00:05:21,560 --> 00:05:24,680 Speaker 2: dollars in revenue from Aussie subscribers, they would need to 88 00:05:24,720 --> 00:05:27,240 Speaker 2: invest at least seven and a half million dollars in 89 00:05:27,400 --> 00:05:30,440 Speaker 2: local content. So the idea here is, you know, giving 90 00:05:30,480 --> 00:05:34,839 Speaker 2: platforms some flexibility while ensuring that there is a meaningful 91 00:05:35,000 --> 00:05:39,160 Speaker 2: investment back into the Aussie industry. But in reality the 92 00:05:39,160 --> 00:05:42,560 Speaker 2: contributions from some of these platforms will be much bigger. 93 00:05:42,680 --> 00:05:46,000 Speaker 2: Let's look at Netflix. It reported local revenue of one 94 00:05:46,040 --> 00:05:49,479 Speaker 2: point three billion dollars expenses of about one point twenty 95 00:05:49,560 --> 00:05:52,520 Speaker 2: five billion dollars in the last financial year. So you 96 00:05:52,520 --> 00:05:54,880 Speaker 2: know we're talking about significant investment. 97 00:05:55,080 --> 00:05:58,920 Speaker 1: Yeah, and are we talking about all content from these 98 00:05:58,920 --> 00:06:01,159 Speaker 1: streamers or only new content. 99 00:06:00,960 --> 00:06:05,640 Speaker 2: New content specifically, So this isn't about streaming services increasing 100 00:06:05,680 --> 00:06:09,120 Speaker 2: their spend on Australian content that already exist. It's not 101 00:06:09,120 --> 00:06:12,160 Speaker 2: about Netflix saying okay, what are the pre existing Australian 102 00:06:12,200 --> 00:06:15,320 Speaker 2: shows that we can secure the rights to Arts. Minister 103 00:06:15,360 --> 00:06:18,400 Speaker 2: Tony Burke said that since coming here, these services have 104 00:06:18,520 --> 00:06:22,599 Speaker 2: created some extraordinary shows, but quote this obligation will ensure 105 00:06:22,640 --> 00:06:26,159 Speaker 2: that those stories, our stories continue to be made. 106 00:06:26,720 --> 00:06:29,360 Speaker 1: You mentioned that this is a proposal that's been kind 107 00:06:29,360 --> 00:06:31,880 Speaker 1: of just stating for a while. What's taken so long. 108 00:06:32,120 --> 00:06:35,200 Speaker 2: Debate has been going on around this for almost as 109 00:06:35,240 --> 00:06:38,039 Speaker 2: long as these platforms have been available here. There was 110 00:06:38,080 --> 00:06:41,960 Speaker 2: some momentum in twenty twenty one the former Coalition Governments, 111 00:06:42,080 --> 00:06:46,159 Speaker 2: Arts and Communications Minister Paul Fletcher put forward a five 112 00:06:46,320 --> 00:06:50,800 Speaker 2: percent proposal for local content quotas for streamers. The scheme 113 00:06:51,160 --> 00:06:54,240 Speaker 2: was voluntary, though, and it was criticized by labor as 114 00:06:54,360 --> 00:06:57,839 Speaker 2: not going far enough. In January twenty twenty three, the 115 00:06:57,880 --> 00:07:03,240 Speaker 2: Albaneze government actually committed to introducing streaming quotas. They said 116 00:07:03,279 --> 00:07:06,440 Speaker 2: a deadline of July one, twenty twenty four, but obviously 117 00:07:06,480 --> 00:07:09,720 Speaker 2: that came and went with no legislation, and over the 118 00:07:09,760 --> 00:07:13,400 Speaker 2: past two years there has been extensive consultation with the 119 00:07:13,440 --> 00:07:16,840 Speaker 2: streamers and free to air broadcasters and various industry bodies 120 00:07:17,240 --> 00:07:19,560 Speaker 2: as part of these efforts to kind of get this 121 00:07:19,720 --> 00:07:22,920 Speaker 2: off the ground, but clearly there have been several complications 122 00:07:23,000 --> 00:07:25,600 Speaker 2: along the way. One of the big concerns has been 123 00:07:25,760 --> 00:07:30,920 Speaker 2: around imposing content quotas on largely US owned platforms. There 124 00:07:31,000 --> 00:07:33,040 Speaker 2: was some tension around, you know, whether or not this 125 00:07:33,080 --> 00:07:36,240 Speaker 2: would violate the free trade agreement that exists between Australia 126 00:07:36,240 --> 00:07:40,320 Speaker 2: and the US. US government report on Foreign Trade Barriers 127 00:07:40,360 --> 00:07:44,640 Speaker 2: published in March actually highlighted the planned streaming quotas here, 128 00:07:45,040 --> 00:07:47,680 Speaker 2: warning the White House would quote continue to monitor the 129 00:07:47,720 --> 00:07:51,640 Speaker 2: issue to ensure Australia's compliance with the free trade agreement. 130 00:07:52,080 --> 00:07:53,880 Speaker 1: I mean, it's interesting to bring up the free trade 131 00:07:53,920 --> 00:07:58,200 Speaker 1: agreement because I was of the understanding that US tariffs 132 00:07:58,200 --> 00:08:01,280 Speaker 1: on Australia will also in violated of that free trade 133 00:08:01,280 --> 00:08:03,080 Speaker 1: agreement because they're making trade not free. 134 00:08:03,120 --> 00:08:07,280 Speaker 2: Well exactly. Obviously, since Donald Trump's reelection, the whole trade 135 00:08:07,280 --> 00:08:10,000 Speaker 2: conversation has been turned upside down a little bit. But 136 00:08:10,080 --> 00:08:12,720 Speaker 2: I guess the argument here could be that with those 137 00:08:12,800 --> 00:08:17,080 Speaker 2: added tensions because of ongoing tariff negotiations with Trump, you know, 138 00:08:17,160 --> 00:08:20,720 Speaker 2: could these quotas be seen as a potential provocation to 139 00:08:21,320 --> 00:08:25,000 Speaker 2: worsen or intensify strain on those other negotiations. 140 00:08:25,160 --> 00:08:29,320 Speaker 1: Okay, I see, let's talk about the streaming platforms themselves. 141 00:08:29,400 --> 00:08:31,320 Speaker 1: We haven't heard from them yet. What have they said 142 00:08:31,360 --> 00:08:32,600 Speaker 1: in response to this proposal. 143 00:08:33,000 --> 00:08:36,600 Speaker 2: So the streamers have been pushing back hard. They have 144 00:08:36,880 --> 00:08:39,920 Speaker 2: argued as a collective that they already invest heavily in 145 00:08:40,000 --> 00:08:43,640 Speaker 2: local content. So there's this industry body called the Australian 146 00:08:43,679 --> 00:08:48,559 Speaker 2: New Zealand Screen Association and they represent Netflix, Prime Video, 147 00:08:48,679 --> 00:08:52,600 Speaker 2: Disney Plus, Stan and Paramount Plus. All of those services 148 00:08:52,600 --> 00:08:56,839 Speaker 2: have teamed up to reject earlier versions of the quota proposals. 149 00:08:57,280 --> 00:09:00,480 Speaker 2: They actually published these findings as a group this year 150 00:09:00,520 --> 00:09:04,600 Speaker 2: through a report called Streaming for Australia, which highlighted what 151 00:09:04,640 --> 00:09:07,760 Speaker 2: it called quote evidence that demonstrates that the contribution we 152 00:09:07,800 --> 00:09:11,960 Speaker 2: have made to Australia's creative economy is meaningful. According to 153 00:09:12,080 --> 00:09:16,040 Speaker 2: the report, streaming services invested nearly three billion dollars on 154 00:09:16,160 --> 00:09:21,160 Speaker 2: new Australian and quote Australian related programs between twenty nineteen 155 00:09:21,240 --> 00:09:25,120 Speaker 2: and twenty twenty four to become quote the largest investors 156 00:09:25,280 --> 00:09:29,679 Speaker 2: in Australian content today. Netflix in particular warned all the 157 00:09:29,720 --> 00:09:32,360 Speaker 2: way back in twenty twenty one, when those first conversations 158 00:09:32,360 --> 00:09:36,560 Speaker 2: were happening with the Morrison government that mandatory quotas could 159 00:09:36,600 --> 00:09:40,920 Speaker 2: have serious negative consequences and quote inadvertently lead to a 160 00:09:41,000 --> 00:09:44,920 Speaker 2: reduction in the volume, variety and quality of Australian content 161 00:09:45,400 --> 00:09:46,840 Speaker 2: rather than increase it. 162 00:09:47,559 --> 00:09:50,959 Speaker 1: Okay, what has the Australian screen industry said. 163 00:09:50,880 --> 00:09:53,839 Speaker 2: Well, in contrast to how the streaming platforms have responded, 164 00:09:53,960 --> 00:09:58,439 Speaker 2: this has been a mostly positive response. Screen Produces Australia 165 00:09:58,480 --> 00:10:02,240 Speaker 2: called it a landmark announced after years of global streaming 166 00:10:02,280 --> 00:10:06,960 Speaker 2: services benefiting from local audiences quote without contributing fairly to 167 00:10:07,040 --> 00:10:11,720 Speaker 2: the creation of Australian stories. We reached out to independent 168 00:10:11,760 --> 00:10:15,360 Speaker 2: Aussie TV and film production company Wooden Horse Joint CEO 169 00:10:15,520 --> 00:10:19,720 Speaker 2: Richard Finlayson told TDA, Like most independent producers, Wooden Horse 170 00:10:19,800 --> 00:10:22,920 Speaker 2: quote welcomes the new quota requirement, but he said they 171 00:10:22,960 --> 00:10:26,480 Speaker 2: had hoped to see a higher percentage of revenue committed 172 00:10:26,559 --> 00:10:30,760 Speaker 2: to Australian content. Finlayson also noted that the French government 173 00:10:30,800 --> 00:10:35,920 Speaker 2: interestingly has enforced legislation requiring streamers to invest at least 174 00:10:36,080 --> 00:10:39,800 Speaker 2: twenty percent of local revenue in French and European content. 175 00:10:40,280 --> 00:10:42,680 Speaker 2: In a statement to TDA, he said, quote seven point 176 00:10:42,760 --> 00:10:45,200 Speaker 2: five percent feels like a low bar when you consider 177 00:10:45,240 --> 00:10:48,839 Speaker 2: that premium drama series are now costing between twenty five 178 00:10:48,960 --> 00:10:52,480 Speaker 2: to fifty million dollars. Yeah, okay, there's a lot of 179 00:10:52,520 --> 00:10:55,079 Speaker 2: money in streaming and streaming productions. 180 00:10:55,200 --> 00:10:58,520 Speaker 1: Yeah yeah. What have we heard from other political parties? 181 00:10:59,000 --> 00:11:02,400 Speaker 2: The Greens won the quota to be higher. They're calling 182 00:11:02,520 --> 00:11:06,360 Speaker 2: for a twenty percent reinvestment, like we have heard from 183 00:11:06,400 --> 00:11:09,800 Speaker 2: within the film industry. They also want a sub quota 184 00:11:09,920 --> 00:11:14,320 Speaker 2: specifically for children's television. I reached out to the Shadow 185 00:11:14,360 --> 00:11:18,200 Speaker 2: Minister for the Arts, Julian Lisa, and he said that 186 00:11:18,280 --> 00:11:22,080 Speaker 2: the Coalition has always fought hard for Australian creatives. He 187 00:11:22,240 --> 00:11:26,640 Speaker 2: accused Labor of spending four years basically doing nothing after 188 00:11:26,679 --> 00:11:30,440 Speaker 2: the Coalition first announced a plan for streaming services in 189 00:11:30,559 --> 00:11:34,480 Speaker 2: twenty twenty two. He said, quote the government's announcement leaves 190 00:11:34,520 --> 00:11:38,400 Speaker 2: many questions unanswered, like how much new money will actually 191 00:11:38,440 --> 00:11:42,000 Speaker 2: be invested into screen production and quote we need to 192 00:11:42,040 --> 00:11:46,680 Speaker 2: be sure that the announcement delivers for the Australian screen industry. 193 00:11:47,200 --> 00:11:50,280 Speaker 1: The Government obviously has a lot of hurdles to overcome 194 00:11:50,360 --> 00:11:53,600 Speaker 1: before this actually comes into effect. But when it does, 195 00:11:53,640 --> 00:11:54,680 Speaker 1: what do you think it'll look like? 196 00:11:55,559 --> 00:11:58,160 Speaker 2: In theory, the hope is or the hope from the 197 00:11:58,160 --> 00:12:01,439 Speaker 2: government is that we see a lot more Australian content 198 00:12:01,800 --> 00:12:04,440 Speaker 2: on the home pages of those streaming services we are 199 00:12:04,480 --> 00:12:08,080 Speaker 2: so familiar with, so you know, dramas, docos, kids shows, 200 00:12:08,600 --> 00:12:12,079 Speaker 2: more work for writers and actors, directors, crew members, all 201 00:12:12,120 --> 00:12:16,240 Speaker 2: the supporting businesses around film and television production Communications Minister 202 00:12:16,240 --> 00:12:18,240 Speaker 2: annaka Well's said quote, we want to make sure, no 203 00:12:18,280 --> 00:12:21,720 Speaker 2: matter which platform people are watching, Australian stories are part 204 00:12:21,840 --> 00:12:24,480 Speaker 2: of their experience. So the hope is, you know, with 205 00:12:24,559 --> 00:12:27,360 Speaker 2: more Aussie content being made, we will see more stories 206 00:12:27,400 --> 00:12:31,200 Speaker 2: that resonate with us. There's also a hope that you know, 207 00:12:31,280 --> 00:12:35,559 Speaker 2: this content will find international audiences and elevate the profile 208 00:12:35,640 --> 00:12:39,640 Speaker 2: and notoriety of Australian productions. I think it's also worth 209 00:12:39,640 --> 00:12:42,600 Speaker 2: flagging that there are a lot of practical details that 210 00:12:42,720 --> 00:12:46,880 Speaker 2: still remain unknown, things like exactly how spending will be audited, 211 00:12:47,120 --> 00:12:51,760 Speaker 2: what specifically qualifies as Australian content. But Lucy, it's been 212 00:12:51,880 --> 00:12:55,080 Speaker 2: a long and complicated process to get here. It's not 213 00:12:55,360 --> 00:12:59,120 Speaker 2: over yet, but the legislation is due to be tabled today, 214 00:12:59,480 --> 00:13:02,080 Speaker 2: so we will know a lot more pretty soon. 215 00:13:02,440 --> 00:13:05,040 Speaker 1: Thanks so much for explaining that, Emma, and if you 216 00:13:05,320 --> 00:13:08,400 Speaker 1: are interested in more culture stories, like this. You can 217 00:13:08,440 --> 00:13:12,080 Speaker 1: sign up to our new newsletter debuting today at the 218 00:13:12,160 --> 00:13:12,960 Speaker 1: link in our. 219 00:13:12,840 --> 00:13:16,000 Speaker 2: Bio TDA Culture I Get around It, Get around It. 220 00:13:16,320 --> 00:13:19,520 Speaker 1: We will be back this afternoon with the headlines. Until then, 221 00:13:19,679 --> 00:13:26,040 Speaker 1: have a great day. My name is Lily Maddon and 222 00:13:26,080 --> 00:13:29,840 Speaker 1: I'm a proud Dunda Bungelung Kalkudin woman from Gadighl Country. 223 00:13:30,679 --> 00:13:33,800 Speaker 1: The Daily oz acknowledges that this podcast is recorded on 224 00:13:33,840 --> 00:13:36,320 Speaker 1: the lands of the Gadighl people and pays respect to 225 00:13:36,400 --> 00:13:39,719 Speaker 1: all Aboriginal and Torres Strait Island and nations. We pay 226 00:13:39,760 --> 00:13:42,680 Speaker 1: our respects to the first peoples of these countries, both 227 00:13:42,720 --> 00:13:43,560 Speaker 1: past and present.