WEBVTT - How Australia will prepare for the next pandemic?

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<v Speaker 1>Already and this is this is the Daily Off.

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<v Speaker 2>This is the Daily OS.

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<v Speaker 1>Oh, now it makes sense.

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<v Speaker 2>Good morning and welcome to the Daily OS. It is Thursday,

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<v Speaker 2>the thirty first of October. Happy Halloween.

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<v Speaker 1>I'm Billy, I'm Sam.

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<v Speaker 2>A new report into the federal government's response to COVID

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<v Speaker 2>nineteen has found it was not adequately prepared for a pandemic.

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<v Speaker 2>It also found that public trusting government has been eroded

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<v Speaker 2>and that more transparency around decisions made during a health

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<v Speaker 2>emergency is needed. Plus, it has recommended Australia establish a

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<v Speaker 2>new Center for Disease Control. What does all of that

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<v Speaker 2>mean We will explain in today's podcast. But before we

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<v Speaker 2>get there, Sam, what is making headlines today?

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<v Speaker 3>Prices rose by a two point eight percent in the

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<v Speaker 3>year two September twenty twenty four. That's according to new

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<v Speaker 3>figures from the Australian Bureau of Statistics. The annual inflation

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<v Speaker 3>figure is down from the last quarter, when prices rose

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<v Speaker 3>three point eight percent over the previous year. This means

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<v Speaker 3>prices arising at a slower rate than before, and according

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<v Speaker 3>to the ABS, the slowing of inflation was driven by

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<v Speaker 3>discounts on energy bills from federal and state governments, which

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<v Speaker 3>came into effect in July. The cost of fuel also

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<v Speaker 3>fell from July to September, which the ABS said was

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<v Speaker 3>due to quote lower global demand bringing down the cost

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<v Speaker 3>of oil.

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<v Speaker 2>The Corruption WATCHDOCK has announced it will reconsider a decision

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<v Speaker 2>not to investigate several officials over the unlawful Robodet scheme.

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<v Speaker 2>Robodet was a debt collection system used by the government

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<v Speaker 2>from twenty fifteen to twenty nineteen. It resulted in over

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<v Speaker 2>one point seven billion dollars of unlawful debt notices. This year,

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<v Speaker 2>the Robodet Royal Commission found several Code of Conduct breaches

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<v Speaker 2>by senior officials who worked on the scheme. It then

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<v Speaker 2>made six referrals to the National Anti Corruption Commission, calling

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<v Speaker 2>for it to conduct further investigations. However, in June, the

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<v Speaker 2>National Anti Corruption Commission said it would not pursue these inquiries. Now,

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<v Speaker 2>the watchdog says it will reconsider its position after a

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<v Speaker 2>commissioner involved in its decision making processes failed to declare

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<v Speaker 2>a conflict of interest.

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<v Speaker 3>The owners of Wakari White Island in New Zealand have

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<v Speaker 3>launched an appeal against a conviction for breaching workplace safety laws.

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<v Speaker 3>A volcanic eruption on the island killed twenty two people,

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<v Speaker 3>including seventeen Australians in December of twenty nineteen. Last year,

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<v Speaker 3>an Auckland court found the owners of the island, Wakari

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<v Speaker 3>Management Limited, failed to uphold their health and safety obligations

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<v Speaker 3>at the time of the eruption. The company, owned by

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<v Speaker 3>three brothers, was ordered to pay millions in fines and

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<v Speaker 3>compensation to victims. This week, lawyers filed an appeal on

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<v Speaker 3>behalf of WML in Auckland's High Court, seeking to overturn

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<v Speaker 3>the criminal conviction, arguing that tour operators who brought visitors

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<v Speaker 3>to the island on the day of the eruption should

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<v Speaker 3>be held responsible, not the island's owners.

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<v Speaker 2>Day's good news. A PhD student from Tulane University in

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<v Speaker 2>the US accidentally discovered a lost mine city in Mexico

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<v Speaker 2>under dense forest cover. Archaeologists uncovered temples and pyramids in

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<v Speaker 2>the city they've named Valeriana. Using laser survey technology. Researchers

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<v Speaker 2>were able to produce a digital recreation of monuments and

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<v Speaker 2>structures that would have existed beneath the greenery. PhD student

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<v Speaker 2>Luke called Thomas told the BBC that the three sites

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<v Speaker 2>were uncovered when he was quote on something like page

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<v Speaker 2>sixteen of Google search and found a laser survey done

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<v Speaker 2>by a Mexican organization for environmental monitoring.

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<v Speaker 3>Okay, so, Billy, this was an inquiry into how Australia

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<v Speaker 3>handled the COVID nineteen pandemic. Havn't done episode on COVID

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<v Speaker 3>in a little while before we get into what the

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<v Speaker 3>report actually said. What was the intention of government asking

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<v Speaker 3>for this report to be written in the first place.

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<v Speaker 2>Yeah, So this inquiry was announced by the government in

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<v Speaker 2>September last year, and the aim was to understand how

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<v Speaker 2>Australia went with the benefit of hindsight, how did we

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<v Speaker 2>go in our response to the pandemic, not just looking

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<v Speaker 2>at what went well, but also what didn't go well

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<v Speaker 2>at all during the pandemic. And the intention of that

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<v Speaker 2>is so that Australia can be better prepared for the

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<v Speaker 2>future and for the next national health emergency.

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<v Speaker 3>I've seen a couple of countries do similar reports, so

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<v Speaker 3>it's not like we're the first people in the world.

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<v Speaker 1>No, not at all.

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<v Speaker 2>I think it's a really important thing to do, especially

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<v Speaker 2>when something as big as the pandemic did happen. One

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<v Speaker 2>thing to note before I get into what the findings were,

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<v Speaker 2>I just want to point out that this report was

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<v Speaker 2>entirely focused on the actions taken by the federal government,

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<v Speaker 2>not by the individual states and territories who, as we know,

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<v Speaker 2>especially as a pandemic you know, went on, they made

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<v Speaker 2>a lot of the decisions about the pandemic, and that

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<v Speaker 2>was actually something that the government was criticized for when

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<v Speaker 2>they did announce this inquiry was why aren't you including

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<v Speaker 2>the decisions made by the state and territory governments?

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<v Speaker 3>Interesting?

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<v Speaker 2>I also just want to mention that it was fully independent.

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<v Speaker 2>So it wasn't the government looking into the government, or

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<v Speaker 2>the labor government looking into coalition government.

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<v Speaker 3>It's different governments.

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<v Speaker 1>Yeah, it was done completely independently.

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<v Speaker 2>It was done by experts in public health, government and

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<v Speaker 2>economic policy.

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<v Speaker 3>Okay, so last September they said that they would like

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<v Speaker 3>this report to be written and these independent writers are

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<v Speaker 3>going to put it together. That report is now with

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<v Speaker 3>us and anyone can read it. What does it say?

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<v Speaker 2>So it was a nine hundred page report, nice and brief. Yeah,

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<v Speaker 2>it was very fun reading for my Tuesday night. It

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<v Speaker 2>was really extensive so I'll go through some of the

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<v Speaker 2>high level findings.

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<v Speaker 1>First, I want to mention.

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<v Speaker 2>That although it did get to what did not go right,

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<v Speaker 2>and that was a large part of the report, it

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<v Speaker 2>did acknowledge that Australia was quote unquote recognized globally for

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<v Speaker 2>our response. And they said that although we lost too

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<v Speaker 2>many lives, we also saved thousands, and they said this

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<v Speaker 2>needs to be understood as we do reflect in terms

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<v Speaker 2>of what could have been done better. I'd say one

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<v Speaker 2>of the big findings was that trust has been eroded.

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<v Speaker 2>They used those words a lot, that trust has been eroded,

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<v Speaker 2>and they said that the population today are broadly more

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<v Speaker 2>skeptical and more critical of government decision making because of

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<v Speaker 2>how the decisions were made in response to the pandemic.

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<v Speaker 2>And they said that the way to fix this is

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<v Speaker 2>by increasing transparency over how decisions are made and specifically

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<v Speaker 2>sharing the evidence that the decisions they are making are

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<v Speaker 2>based on.

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<v Speaker 3>When we talk about this a lot in talking about

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<v Speaker 3>the early days of TDA, because this was kind of

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<v Speaker 3>one of the first times where young Australians at least

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<v Speaker 3>in our generation, had to really understand how government decisions

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<v Speaker 3>are being made. Because it mattered about whether you could

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<v Speaker 3>see your partner or whether you needed a vaccine, and

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<v Speaker 3>there was a renewed sense of curiosity as to how

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<v Speaker 3>the sausage is made in the government, and that's obviously

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<v Speaker 3>reflected here.

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<v Speaker 2>Yeah said that the lack of letting the public know

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<v Speaker 2>about why the decisions were being made has resulted in

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<v Speaker 2>the public having less trust in the government at a

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<v Speaker 2>broad level.

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<v Speaker 1>I want to read out.

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<v Speaker 2>This quote from the report's conclusion that I think really

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<v Speaker 2>sums up their findings. So the authors said, quote, many

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<v Speaker 2>of the measures taken during COVID nineteen are unlikely to

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<v Speaker 2>be accepted by the population. Again, that means there is

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<v Speaker 2>a job to be done to rebuild trust and we

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<v Speaker 2>must plan a response based on the Australia we are today,

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<v Speaker 2>not the Australia we were before the pandemic. I know

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<v Speaker 2>this is audio and that hearing someone read out quotes

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<v Speaker 2>isn't the most compelling, but it I do think that

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<v Speaker 2>the quote in this report were very compelling and very strong.

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<v Speaker 2>There was no minxing their words, so I'll just quickly

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<v Speaker 2>read out a little bit more. They said, quote, we

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<v Speaker 2>cannot predict when the next global health crisis will occur.

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<v Speaker 2>It may occur at any time in twelve months, in

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<v Speaker 2>a decade, or beyond our lifetime, but history tells us

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<v Speaker 2>that it will occur, and it will once again test

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<v Speaker 2>us in ways that are hard to imagine. They also added,

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<v Speaker 2>next time, we cannot say it was unprecedented.

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<v Speaker 3>I take back my comment about that being soothing. That's

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<v Speaker 3>quite disconcerting and really strong. Did the report go into

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<v Speaker 3>how COVID impacted different groups of people differently.

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<v Speaker 2>Yeah, went into that quite a bit, and I think

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<v Speaker 2>a lot of what it outlined is what we would

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<v Speaker 2>have suspected from you know, anecdotal evidence, but it really

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<v Speaker 2>confirmed that in really concrete terms. So one example is

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<v Speaker 2>that it looked at how the pandemic affected women's health,

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<v Speaker 2>and it found that nearly half of women delayed accessing

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<v Speaker 2>at least one health service during restrictions. It also said

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<v Speaker 2>that more generally women suffered poorer mental health during the

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<v Speaker 2>pandemic compared to men, and also that women's labor force

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<v Speaker 2>participation was disproportionately negatively affected.

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<v Speaker 1>Wow, but that's just one group of people.

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<v Speaker 2>It had a whole list of how it affected different

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<v Speaker 2>people differently. Sample It also found that people with disability

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<v Speaker 2>were quote overwhelmingly feeling afraid and forgotten in the pandemic response.

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<v Speaker 2>It also had a significant impact on the social and

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<v Speaker 2>emotional development of children.

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<v Speaker 1>And young people.

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<v Speaker 2>For older Australians, it said that isolation was a big issue,

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<v Speaker 2>and again there was a whole lot more there, but

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<v Speaker 2>it was really.

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<v Speaker 3>Interesting and it's also really important for the future and

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<v Speaker 3>for future governments, as they say, next year, next ten

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<v Speaker 3>is next lifetime to look at how this impacts different

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<v Speaker 3>groups in society. And there was actually a quote from

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<v Speaker 3>Mark Butler, who's the current Health Minister during the week

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<v Speaker 3>he said Australia is less prepared for a pandemic now

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<v Speaker 3>than we were in twenty twenty. Was that from the report?

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<v Speaker 1>No, so that wasn't from the report.

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<v Speaker 2>That was from a press conference that Mark Butler did

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<v Speaker 2>after the report was handed down. But that stuck out

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<v Speaker 2>to me as well. When he said that, I thought,

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<v Speaker 2>why are we in a worse position?

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<v Speaker 1>You know, haven't we learned?

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<v Speaker 2>But I guess that is what this whole report is about.

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<v Speaker 2>He did explain why he said that. He said, a

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<v Speaker 2>our healthcare system is a lot more burnt out than

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<v Speaker 2>it was prior to the pandemic. He also said that

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<v Speaker 2>the Australian government is in a lot more debt than

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<v Speaker 2>it was prior to the pandemic. And also he said

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<v Speaker 2>that the people who were in the positions that got

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<v Speaker 2>us through that pandemic are no longer in those positions

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<v Speaker 2>and so that compromises our resilience.

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<v Speaker 1>But that is why again this report is happening.

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<v Speaker 3>So the report basically paints this picture of a period

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<v Speaker 3>relatively unprecedented where a lot of mistakes were made. Australia

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<v Speaker 3>did relatively okay in the world, but there's ways to

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<v Speaker 3>do it better. What are those ways, according to the report.

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<v Speaker 2>So overall, there were nine recommendations that the report made

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<v Speaker 2>and they also made twenty six short and long term

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<v Speaker 2>what they called actions to improve Australia's response. One recommendation

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<v Speaker 2>was developing a national plan for the next pandemic and

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<v Speaker 2>that would include the possible health, economic and social response.

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<v Speaker 2>They also recommended reviewing the effectiveness of some economic support

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<v Speaker 2>measures because it said the health crisis quickly became an

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<v Speaker 2>economic crisis, which we are all very familiar with. And

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<v Speaker 2>one of the big recommendations was to develop something called

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<v Speaker 2>a Center for Disease Control.

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<v Speaker 3>And when I saw this, I thought, God, there's an

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<v Speaker 3>opportunity to not name it exactly the same as the

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<v Speaker 3>one in the US, because that's the one in America, right, Yeah,

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<v Speaker 3>the one.

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<v Speaker 2>In the US is called the Center's Centers plural for

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<v Speaker 2>Disease Control and Prevention.

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<v Speaker 3>It's always bigger in America. But what does I mean?

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<v Speaker 3>Obviously there's an international precedence here, but what would this

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<v Speaker 3>new center or centers actually do?

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<v Speaker 2>Yeah, well, just quickly, you mentioned that there's international precedents.

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<v Speaker 2>What I didn't know that Mark Butler said in his

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<v Speaker 2>press conference yesterday is that prior to the pandemic, Australia

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<v Speaker 2>was the only developed country that didn't have this Center

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<v Speaker 2>for Disease Control or an equivalent organization. I found that

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<v Speaker 2>so interesting.

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<v Speaker 3>Well, I guess the senior health figure we were looking

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<v Speaker 3>to besides the Health Minister Greg Hunt at the time,

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<v Speaker 3>was the chief Medical Officer, who was Paul Keller. And

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<v Speaker 3>so this center would probably kind of take the control

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<v Speaker 3>away from a government appointed doctor to more this is

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<v Speaker 3>experts on just diseases and how they spread.

0:12:10.920 --> 0:12:13.720
<v Speaker 2>Yeah, so this would be a national public health body

0:12:13.960 --> 0:12:17.720
<v Speaker 2>that is responsible for ensuring Australia is prepared for a

0:12:17.760 --> 0:12:18.880
<v Speaker 2>future pandemic.

0:12:18.960 --> 0:12:19.400
<v Speaker 3>Interesting.

0:12:19.520 --> 0:12:21.199
<v Speaker 2>I'm hoping that we'll never have to hear from this

0:12:21.600 --> 0:12:24.120
<v Speaker 2>body in the future. But what this report was really

0:12:24.160 --> 0:12:26.680
<v Speaker 2>clear in saying is that there will be a future

0:12:26.960 --> 0:12:29.760
<v Speaker 2>health emergency and we need to be prepared and this

0:12:29.840 --> 0:12:33.440
<v Speaker 2>body is the answer to that. So the government told

0:12:33.520 --> 0:12:36.559
<v Speaker 2>us on Tuesday that the body will launch in January

0:12:36.679 --> 0:12:39.160
<v Speaker 2>twenty twenty six, so in a year and a couple

0:12:39.200 --> 0:12:39.959
<v Speaker 2>of months from now.

0:12:40.160 --> 0:12:42.080
<v Speaker 3>You're absolutely right, that's a body that I don't think

0:12:42.120 --> 0:12:44.400
<v Speaker 3>we want to be talking about on this podcast anytime soon.

0:12:44.440 --> 0:12:47.040
<v Speaker 3>But nonetheless, I think that if it seems to be

0:12:47.080 --> 0:12:49.960
<v Speaker 3>the way that modern health systems are dealing with upcoming

0:12:50.000 --> 0:12:53.360
<v Speaker 3>emergencies of this kind of nature, that it seems like

0:12:53.400 --> 0:12:55.840
<v Speaker 3>something to have in the talkit rather than not. Billy,

0:12:55.920 --> 0:12:58.640
<v Speaker 3>thank you for explaining that nine hundred page report to

0:12:58.720 --> 0:13:01.160
<v Speaker 3>us on today's podcast. Thank you, and thank you for

0:13:01.240 --> 0:13:03.120
<v Speaker 3>joining us on The Daily Odds today. If you liked

0:13:03.120 --> 0:13:05.160
<v Speaker 3>what you heard, I'd love if you could jump on

0:13:05.240 --> 0:13:07.360
<v Speaker 3>our YouTube. That's where we're trying to play with some

0:13:07.440 --> 0:13:09.760
<v Speaker 3>new stuff. You can click follow on our channel and

0:13:09.800 --> 0:13:12.120
<v Speaker 3>that really helps us grow to an entirely new audience

0:13:12.280 --> 0:13:14.680
<v Speaker 3>so more people can learn what nine hundred page reports

0:13:14.840 --> 0:13:17.079
<v Speaker 3>say that's all we've got for you today, though we'll

0:13:17.120 --> 0:13:18.880
<v Speaker 3>be back again tomorrow.

0:13:21.040 --> 0:13:23.360
<v Speaker 1>My name is Lily Maddon and I'm a proud Arunda

0:13:23.559 --> 0:13:28.359
<v Speaker 1>Bunjelung Caalcutin woman from Gadighl country. The Daily oz acknowledges

0:13:28.440 --> 0:13:30.599
<v Speaker 1>that this podcast is recorded on the lands of the

0:13:30.640 --> 0:13:34.199
<v Speaker 1>Gadighl people and pays respect to all Aboriginal and Torres

0:13:34.200 --> 0:13:37.120
<v Speaker 1>Strait Island and nations. We pay our respects to the

0:13:37.120 --> 0:13:39.920
<v Speaker 1>first peoples of these countries, both past and present.