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Speaker 1: My name is Lily Maddon and I'm a proud Arunda

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Speaker 1: Bunjelung Cargotten woman from Gadighl country. The Daily oz acknowledges

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Speaker 1: that this podcast is recorded on the lands of the

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Speaker 1: Gadighl people and pays respect to all Aboriginal and Torres

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Speaker 1: Strait Island and nations. We pay our respects to the

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Speaker 1: first peoples of these countries, both past and present.

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Speaker 2: Good morning, and welcome to the Daily os It's Thursday,

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Speaker 2: the thirtieth of March. I'm sam i'm azara. Three students

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Speaker 2: and three staff members were killed in the school shooting

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Speaker 2: in Nashville, Tennessee. This week.

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Speaker 3: Rows of young children led to safety after their school

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Speaker 3: was targeted in yet another mass shooting. The city of

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Speaker 3: Nashville still in shock and mourning as people try to

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Speaker 3: process what happened.

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Speaker 4: In that school shooting at an elementary school there.

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Speaker 5: We have to do more just top conviolence. It's ripping

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Speaker 5: our communities of borrow.

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Speaker 2: This was the one hundred and thirtieth mass shooting events

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Speaker 2: in the US just this year. That's according to independent

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Speaker 2: data from the US Gun Violence Archive. US President Joe

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Speaker 2: Biden has been calling for Congress to pass an assault

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Speaker 2: weapon ban following this later's shooting, but it's highly unlikely

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Speaker 2: to make any progress. We're going to give you the

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Speaker 2: latest on gun reform in the US in today's Deep Dive.

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Speaker 2: But first, Sarah, what's making headlines this morning?

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Speaker 4: New South Wales judge and war crimes investigator Paul Brereton

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Speaker 4: will lead the National Anti Corruption Commission. Nicole Rose and

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Speaker 4: Ben Gauntlett will serve as his deputies. All the appointments

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Speaker 4: have been recommended to the Governor General for final sign off,

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Speaker 4: with Brereton and his deputies all expected to serve five

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Speaker 4: year terms.

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Speaker 2: Inflation slowed again in February. That's according to the Australian

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Speaker 2: Bureau of Statistics. Prices increased by six point eight percent

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Speaker 2: in the twelve months to February. That's down from the

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Speaker 2: seven point four percent recorded in January and eight point

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Speaker 2: four percent in December. It comes ahead of a meeting

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Speaker 2: of the Australian Reserve Bank Board next week, where a

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Speaker 2: potential pause to rising interest rates could be decided.

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Speaker 4: Public displays of hate symbols, such as the Nazi salute,

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Speaker 4: could be banned under legislation introduced to Queensland Parliament. Yesterday.

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Speaker 4: It came after Premier Anastasia Palichet said this month her

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Speaker 4: government was considering tidal rules on hate crimes after neo

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Speaker 4: Nazis displayed the Nazi salute during an anti trans rally

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Speaker 4: in Melbourne.

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Speaker 2: And today's good news. A planetary alignment of Mercury, Venus, Mars, Jupiter,

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Speaker 2: and Uranus is currently visible to the naked eye. It's

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Speaker 2: called a planetary parade and has been seen across the

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Speaker 2: world for the past couple of days, with many of

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Speaker 2: the planets expected to be visible for the next two weeks.

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Speaker 2: The best time to see the alignment is just after

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Speaker 2: sunset in the western sky and can be best viewed

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Speaker 2: with a clear view away from any bright lights. There

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Speaker 2: was really tragic news out of Nashville this week that

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Speaker 2: three nine year old students and three school staff members

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Speaker 2: were killed in a mass shooting event. What we know

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Speaker 2: is the shooter was armed with at least three guns,

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Speaker 2: including an assault rifle and a handgun, and has been

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Speaker 2: identified as a Nashville resident. Two police officers from the

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Speaker 2: Metro Nashville Police Department killed the shooter after entering the

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Speaker 2: building where they could hear gunfile.

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Speaker 4: You said there that it was the one hundred and

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Speaker 4: thirtieth mass shooting in the US this year. That's just

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Speaker 4: an absolutely tragic figure to have to come to terms

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Speaker 4: with and to consider.

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Speaker 2: It truly is, and just to kind of provide some

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Speaker 2: clarity onto that stat SOTAT comes from the US Gun

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Speaker 2: Violence Archive, and they define a mass shooting as a

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Speaker 2: single incident where four or more people are shot and

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Speaker 2: or killed. So keep in mind that that doesn't include

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Speaker 2: shootings where three or less are injured or killed. And

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Speaker 2: for example, just last week, there was a shooting at

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Speaker 2: a school in Ver and another in Dallas, neither of

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Speaker 2: which meet the mass shooting threshold.

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Speaker 4: Sam, You and I went to watch President Obama speak

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Speaker 4: in Sydney earlier this week, and one of the questions

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Speaker 4: that he was asked by Julie Bishop was his biggest

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Speaker 4: regret from his time in office and his response to

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Speaker 4: that was Sandy Hook, So that was the school shooting

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Speaker 4: that occurred during his time in office. He said that

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Speaker 4: his biggest regret was that they couldn't legislate gun reform.

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Speaker 4: Joe Biden was, of course Barack Obama's vice president during

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Speaker 4: that time and has then gone on to become the

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Speaker 4: President of the United States, and throughout that entire period,

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Speaker 4: it seems that one thing has remained stable, and that

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Speaker 4: is the fact that you can rest assured there will

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Speaker 4: be another shooting in the US. What has President Biden

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Speaker 4: said about this later shooting.

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Speaker 2: Well, he fronted the media at the White House.

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Speaker 5: I just want to speak very briefly about the school

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Speaker 5: shooting and Nashville, Tennessee. It's heartbreaking, a family's worst nightmare,

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Speaker 5: and I want to command the police who reply, respond

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Speaker 5: on credibly swiftly, within minutes, and the danger. We're reminded

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Speaker 5: in this situation really closely, and we have to do

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Speaker 5: more into top gun violence. It's ripping our communities apart,

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Speaker 5: ripping the soul this nation, ripping. It's a very sole

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Speaker 5: of the nation.

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Speaker 2: Biden, not for the first time, is calling for more

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Speaker 2: gun reform following this later shooting.

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Speaker 5: So I call on Congress again to pass my assault

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Speaker 5: weapons ban. It's about time that we began to make

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Speaker 5: some more progress.

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Speaker 4: I want to get back to that assault weapons ban

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Speaker 4: that Biden was just talking about. But first, I think

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Speaker 4: at the center of this, at the crux of this

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Speaker 4: is a concept that we Australians cannot understand which is

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Speaker 4: why gun reform is so hard in the US.

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Speaker 2: Well. To really understand it, you have to go back

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Speaker 2: to the Second Amendment in the US Constitution, and that

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Speaker 2: says a well regulated militia, being necessary to the security

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Speaker 2: of a free state, the right of the people to

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Speaker 2: keep and bear arms shall not be infringed. This makes

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Speaker 2: things super tricky when it comes to legislating how people

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Speaker 2: own guns in the states, how many they own, and

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Speaker 2: if everyone should be able to own one, because what

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Speaker 2: happens is if the Supreme Court decides that the state

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Speaker 2: or federal law on gun ownership is contradictory to the

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Speaker 2: Second Amendment, it's going to get overturned. If we were

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Speaker 2: to try and simplify the pro and anti gun arguments

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Speaker 2: in the US, you've got two very clear camps. On

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Speaker 2: one side, pro gun lobbies say that limiting gun ownership

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Speaker 2: is the start of what they say is the slippery

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Speaker 2: slope to infringing on individual liberties and it will mark

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Speaker 2: the overreach of government, which is a big fear. And

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Speaker 2: then on the other side you have gun control advocates

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Speaker 2: arguing that the right to bear arms as imagined and

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Speaker 2: as drafted by those who wrote the Constitution back in

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Speaker 2: the seventeen hundreds is totally irrelevant in a modern context,

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Speaker 2: and the right to citizens, especially kids in a classroom

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Speaker 2: or people walking on a street or a muse festival,

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Speaker 2: should override concerns that are held about personal liberties. But

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Speaker 2: even if legislators do try to introduce reform around gun control,

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Speaker 2: they're also going to struggle with getting support in the Congress.

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Speaker 2: For a bill to pass in the US, it needs

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Speaker 2: to pass both houses of Congress, and we're talking about

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Speaker 2: the House of Representatives and the Senate to become a law,

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Speaker 2: and most Republicans have typically resisted blanket bans on firearms.

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Speaker 2: In June last year, the Congress did pass legislation that

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Speaker 2: introduced tougher background checks for buyers under twenty one, but

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Speaker 2: that's pretty rare as an example of bipartisan support, meaning

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Speaker 2: support from both Republicans and Democrats, and was the first

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Speaker 2: major gun safety legislation passed by Congress in almost three decades.

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Speaker 4: I think you're right to point to the composition of

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Speaker 4: Congress and to the difficulty that a hyperpartisan kind of

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Speaker 4: America faces. But the other thing that you haven't touched

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Speaker 4: on there that I think is important is the NRA,

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Speaker 4: and is the power of lobbying in the US, especially

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Speaker 4: when it comes from the gun lobby.

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Speaker 2: That's definitely a major player, especially when you think about

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Speaker 2: the financial power of those lobbies. They're known as some

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Speaker 2: of the most powerful lobbies in Washington and in the world,

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Speaker 2: and it makes it incredibly hard for these congressmen and

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Speaker 2: women to justify passing a bill against them.

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Speaker 4: Okay, but there are some people trying. So let's go

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Speaker 4: back to how President Biden's responded. So he has been

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Speaker 4: trying to push gun reform but has been struggling to

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Speaker 4: get further support. Tell us about the legislation that Biden's

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Speaker 4: pushing for at the moment.

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Speaker 2: Well, this is a man who's been pushing for some

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Speaker 2: sort of ban for a long time, and was actually

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Speaker 2: involved in some legislation which was passed in nineteen ninety four,

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Speaker 2: although that legislation was only in operation for ten years.

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Speaker 2: New legislation to ban assault rifles was introduced to Congress

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Speaker 2: last year and actually did pass the House of Representatives,

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Speaker 2: but then it hit a roadblock in the Senate. Then

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Speaker 2: in January of this year, after two mass shootings in California,

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Speaker 2: President Biden called for the bill to be reintroduced, but

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Speaker 2: by that point the bill had even less prospect of

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Speaker 2: passing because of the results of the midterms, which changed

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Speaker 2: the composition of the House of Representatives that's now controlled

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Speaker 2: by Republicans, and where the bill once made it through,

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Speaker 2: it could no longer.

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Speaker 4: So, Sam, you've outlined all of the reasons why it

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Speaker 4: is so hard to implement gun reform in the US,

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Speaker 4: but I think that it is important to also talk

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Speaker 4: about how progress can be made and what can happen.

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Speaker 4: So where to from here, Well.

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Speaker 2: The president does have some levers that he can pull

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Speaker 2: that don't rely on a bill passing through Congress. He

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Speaker 2: can go the route of an executive order, which gives

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Speaker 2: the president the power to do some things without legislation,

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Speaker 2: and this is something that Biden did following the shooting

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Speaker 2: in Monterey, California, earlier this year. There he announced an

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Speaker 2: executive order to increase the number of background checks conducted

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Speaker 2: before firearms sales and increase the use of what's called

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Speaker 2: red flag laws to help identify a tent mass shooters.

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Speaker 2: But Biden said to the media this week that he's

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Speaker 2: reached the limit of his executive authority on guns and

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Speaker 2: that now it is up to Congress to act further,

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Speaker 2: and as far as the legislation that Biden is calling for,

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Speaker 2: it has almost no chance of actually passing through the

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Speaker 2: Houses of Congress. Some analysts, in fact, have suggested that

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Speaker 2: Biden continues to call for these assault rifle bands to

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Speaker 2: raise awareness and encourage some of the states to act,

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Speaker 2: And that is a trends that we have seen in

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Speaker 2: the US. There are nine states that have already restricted

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Speaker 2: assault weapons. There California, Connecticut, Delaware, Hawaii, Illinois, Maryland, Massachusetts,

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Speaker 2: New Jersey, and New York, plus Washington, d C. And

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Speaker 2: we're keeping an eye in Washington State, which does have

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Speaker 2: some legislation moving through parliament to ban assault weapons as well. Now,

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Speaker 2: all of that is not going to be a comfort

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Speaker 2: to those families in Nashville this week who are grieving

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Speaker 2: the loss of their loved ones, all for those who've

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Speaker 2: lost loved ones in the other one hundred and twenty

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Speaker 2: mass shootings that happened in the first eighty seven days

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Speaker 2: of this year.

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Speaker 4: Thanks for joining us on The Daily OZ. If you

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Speaker 4: learned something from today's episode, don't forget to hit subscribe.

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Speaker 4: So there's a TVA episode waiting for you every weekday morning.

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Speaker 4: We'll be back again tomorrow morning, but until then, have

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Speaker 4: a brilliant day,