1 00:00:00,560 --> 00:00:05,680 Speaker 1: Already and this is the Daily This is the Daily OS. Oh, 2 00:00:05,880 --> 00:00:16,160 Speaker 1: now it makes sense. Good morning, and welcome to the 3 00:00:16,239 --> 00:00:18,840 Speaker 1: Daily OS. It's Tuesday, the seventeenth of June. 4 00:00:18,880 --> 00:00:20,880 Speaker 2: I'm Lucy Tassel, i'm Zara Zeidler. 5 00:00:21,280 --> 00:00:24,680 Speaker 1: Long simmering tensions between Iran and Israel have broken into 6 00:00:24,720 --> 00:00:28,440 Speaker 1: a full scale exchange of hostilities following Israeli strikes on 7 00:00:28,560 --> 00:00:32,800 Speaker 1: nuclear sites and military targets, including apartment buildings in Tehran. 8 00:00:33,320 --> 00:00:36,600 Speaker 1: Iran responded with strikes on Tel Aviv, and the two 9 00:00:36,720 --> 00:00:39,839 Speaker 1: nations have since launched waves of missiles and rockets at 10 00:00:39,840 --> 00:00:43,600 Speaker 1: each other. In today's podcast, we'll explain the long history 11 00:00:43,640 --> 00:00:47,040 Speaker 1: between these two countries, what's happened in the last few days, 12 00:00:47,120 --> 00:00:49,000 Speaker 1: and why the US is involved. 13 00:00:52,080 --> 00:00:54,560 Speaker 2: Lucy, this is a really big story. It is dominating 14 00:00:54,760 --> 00:00:58,560 Speaker 2: global headlines, and I think that there is a lot 15 00:00:58,560 --> 00:01:02,240 Speaker 2: to unpack because there is a decades long history between 16 00:01:02,480 --> 00:01:06,440 Speaker 2: Israel and Iran and this is just the latest outbreak 17 00:01:06,480 --> 00:01:09,560 Speaker 2: of hostilities as you mentioned earlier. But I do just 18 00:01:09,600 --> 00:01:12,160 Speaker 2: want to start from the beginning. For someone that has 19 00:01:12,200 --> 00:01:15,800 Speaker 2: seen the headlines but doesn't know much about the background, 20 00:01:16,080 --> 00:01:18,120 Speaker 2: what do they need to know about this story? 21 00:01:18,319 --> 00:01:20,640 Speaker 1: Yeah? For sure, I think this is the case of 22 00:01:20,800 --> 00:01:24,160 Speaker 1: a Cold war kind of heating up. The relationship between 23 00:01:24,200 --> 00:01:28,679 Speaker 1: Israel and Iran has been hostile since the Iranian Revolution 24 00:01:28,840 --> 00:01:31,880 Speaker 1: of nineteen seventy nine, which resulted in Iran becoming the 25 00:01:31,880 --> 00:01:35,920 Speaker 1: world's first Islamic republic. Iranian leadership have since said their 26 00:01:35,959 --> 00:01:41,240 Speaker 1: goal is to destroy Israel, the Jewish state. Iran financially 27 00:01:41,280 --> 00:01:44,760 Speaker 1: and militarily supports a number of groups in the region, 28 00:01:44,920 --> 00:01:49,080 Speaker 1: so Humas in Gaza, Hezbollah in Lebanon, and the Huthi's 29 00:01:49,200 --> 00:01:53,080 Speaker 1: in Yemen, among others. All three groups are designated as 30 00:01:53,200 --> 00:01:55,520 Speaker 1: terrorist organizations by Australia, and. 31 00:01:55,480 --> 00:01:58,040 Speaker 2: I do think that that's an important note to focus 32 00:01:58,120 --> 00:02:02,040 Speaker 2: on because on this podcast many times before we've spoken 33 00:02:02,040 --> 00:02:05,360 Speaker 2: about the Israel and Humas war that we've seen unfolding 34 00:02:05,360 --> 00:02:08,760 Speaker 2: now for nearly two years in Gaza, and we're saying 35 00:02:08,800 --> 00:02:11,919 Speaker 2: this is a different situation, and we're talking about now 36 00:02:12,040 --> 00:02:16,400 Speaker 2: hostilities between two different groups. But Iran and Hamas have 37 00:02:16,520 --> 00:02:19,440 Speaker 2: been linked, and Iran has certainly been financing and resourcing 38 00:02:19,520 --> 00:02:21,440 Speaker 2: Humas in Gaza. Yes. Yeah. 39 00:02:21,680 --> 00:02:24,280 Speaker 1: Another group that used to be part of Iran's kind 40 00:02:24,280 --> 00:02:28,200 Speaker 1: of network of support in the region was the Syrian army. 41 00:02:28,560 --> 00:02:33,680 Speaker 1: Now that was under the old dictatorship under Bashah al Assad, who, 42 00:02:33,840 --> 00:02:37,040 Speaker 1: as we covered on this podcast, was deposed late last year. 43 00:02:37,080 --> 00:02:40,400 Speaker 1: He fled to Russia. According to the Independent Institute for 44 00:02:40,440 --> 00:02:45,200 Speaker 1: the Study of War quote, Iran has conducted an extensive, expensive, 45 00:02:45,280 --> 00:02:49,160 Speaker 1: and integrated effort to keep President Bashah Alasad in power 46 00:02:49,200 --> 00:02:51,720 Speaker 1: as long as possible. Now that was of course before 47 00:02:51,760 --> 00:02:53,720 Speaker 1: he was deposed, but that kind of gives you a 48 00:02:53,760 --> 00:02:56,880 Speaker 1: sense of Iran's involvement in the region. And certainly, if 49 00:02:56,919 --> 00:03:00,639 Speaker 1: you pulled up a map, Syria is in between Iran 50 00:03:00,960 --> 00:03:03,800 Speaker 1: and Israel, so that was kind of an important relationship 51 00:03:03,800 --> 00:03:07,000 Speaker 1: for them up until the change of leadership. 52 00:03:07,160 --> 00:03:11,160 Speaker 2: Okay, so just to recap, there has long been hostility 53 00:03:11,200 --> 00:03:15,560 Speaker 2: between these two nations. Traditionally, they had fought through proxies, 54 00:03:15,600 --> 00:03:18,720 Speaker 2: so not necessarily fighting against each other directly. But as 55 00:03:18,760 --> 00:03:21,280 Speaker 2: we said, Iran supporting groups that have since gone on 56 00:03:21,320 --> 00:03:25,920 Speaker 2: to engage in different wars with Israel. However, last year 57 00:03:25,960 --> 00:03:28,400 Speaker 2: we did see direct attacks for the first time. They 58 00:03:28,400 --> 00:03:31,560 Speaker 2: didn't end up escalating as people expected them to. But 59 00:03:31,639 --> 00:03:36,240 Speaker 2: then something fundamentally shifted last Friday, and for the first 60 00:03:36,320 --> 00:03:39,000 Speaker 2: time we have almost now seen an all out war 61 00:03:39,040 --> 00:03:42,560 Speaker 2: between these two nations. What happened on last Friday. 62 00:03:42,840 --> 00:03:45,280 Speaker 1: Israel said it carried out a wave of strikes on 63 00:03:45,480 --> 00:03:49,320 Speaker 1: nuclear and military targets in Iran. Some of those military 64 00:03:49,320 --> 00:03:55,080 Speaker 1: targets included residences of senior officials in Tehran, including apartment buildings, 65 00:03:55,280 --> 00:04:00,400 Speaker 1: damaging these entire buildings, and Iran says killing civilian and 66 00:04:00,600 --> 00:04:04,800 Speaker 1: the head of the Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps, which operates 67 00:04:04,880 --> 00:04:07,440 Speaker 1: alongside the country's army. You might see it referred to 68 00:04:07,480 --> 00:04:13,480 Speaker 1: as IRGC. So taking out military senior officials, nuclear scientists, 69 00:04:13,600 --> 00:04:17,840 Speaker 1: and around says also civilians. This was a significant attack, 70 00:04:17,960 --> 00:04:20,839 Speaker 1: and by all reports, one that Iranian intelligence did not 71 00:04:20,880 --> 00:04:21,480 Speaker 1: see coming. 72 00:04:21,680 --> 00:04:24,200 Speaker 2: Yeah, at that point is really interesting, and I want 73 00:04:24,240 --> 00:04:26,360 Speaker 2: to go back there in a moment. But you did 74 00:04:26,400 --> 00:04:29,160 Speaker 2: just mention nuclear sites and the fact that he's rail 75 00:04:29,240 --> 00:04:32,440 Speaker 2: targeted nuclear sides, and I think that has been the 76 00:04:32,560 --> 00:04:34,800 Speaker 2: dominant kind of headline that a lot of people might 77 00:04:34,839 --> 00:04:38,200 Speaker 2: have seen and be reading. Can you just unpack what 78 00:04:38,279 --> 00:04:41,800 Speaker 2: we're actually talking about when we're talking about Iran's nuclear capability. 79 00:04:41,960 --> 00:04:44,840 Speaker 1: That is a great question, Sarah, But before I answer it, 80 00:04:44,880 --> 00:04:50,039 Speaker 1: we'll just have a quick message from our sponsor. So 81 00:04:50,080 --> 00:04:54,040 Speaker 1: there have been global concerns about Iran's nuclear activities for 82 00:04:54,240 --> 00:04:58,200 Speaker 1: some decades now, with several US administrations trying to strike 83 00:04:58,279 --> 00:05:02,240 Speaker 1: deals to limit these activities. Last week, the UN Nuclear 84 00:05:02,279 --> 00:05:05,360 Speaker 1: Watchdog issued a warning that Iran appeared to be using 85 00:05:05,480 --> 00:05:10,160 Speaker 1: nuclear material for military purposes, not energy that's in reach 86 00:05:10,240 --> 00:05:14,560 Speaker 1: of a previous international agreement. Iran's official policy is that 87 00:05:14,600 --> 00:05:18,080 Speaker 1: they are not pursuing a nuclear bomb, and nuclear researches 88 00:05:18,279 --> 00:05:22,800 Speaker 1: solely for civilian purposes. Israel has long accused Iran of 89 00:05:22,839 --> 00:05:26,520 Speaker 1: building up their nuclear capabilities, and then on Friday, one 90 00:05:26,560 --> 00:05:29,600 Speaker 1: of the targets of Israel's initial attack was a nuclear 91 00:05:29,640 --> 00:05:33,440 Speaker 1: site in Natan's The Nuclear Watchdog has since confirmed there's 92 00:05:33,480 --> 00:05:36,560 Speaker 1: been no increase in radiation. Now. All of this comes 93 00:05:36,600 --> 00:05:39,560 Speaker 1: on top of efforts by US President Donald Trump to 94 00:05:39,640 --> 00:05:43,480 Speaker 1: sign a new deal with Iran to limit its nuclear capabilities, 95 00:05:43,839 --> 00:05:47,520 Speaker 1: his imposed sanctions on the country to pressure it to negotiate. 96 00:05:47,640 --> 00:05:49,760 Speaker 1: We've talked about before how sanctions are a tool that 97 00:05:49,800 --> 00:05:54,880 Speaker 1: countries can use outside of military actions, to express disapproval 98 00:05:55,040 --> 00:05:57,520 Speaker 1: or to pressure a country to do something. A sixth 99 00:05:57,640 --> 00:06:00,320 Speaker 1: round of negotiations towards that deal was due to take 100 00:06:00,320 --> 00:06:02,839 Speaker 1: place on Sunday, but of course, as we know, it 101 00:06:03,080 --> 00:06:05,279 Speaker 1: did not amid everything that has since happened. 102 00:06:05,400 --> 00:06:08,839 Speaker 2: Okay, So on Friday there is this widespread attack. We 103 00:06:08,920 --> 00:06:14,000 Speaker 2: see nuclear and military facilities targeted, We see the head 104 00:06:14,000 --> 00:06:18,640 Speaker 2: of the IRGC targeted nuclear scientists. It is essentially a 105 00:06:18,800 --> 00:06:23,480 Speaker 2: significant step and an escalation in those hostilities between Israel 106 00:06:23,600 --> 00:06:26,159 Speaker 2: and Iran. Yeah, I think a lot of people wondered 107 00:06:26,160 --> 00:06:29,599 Speaker 2: what would come next, and people weren't left waiting very 108 00:06:29,640 --> 00:06:34,080 Speaker 2: long because Iran retaliated almost immediately. Yes, what have we 109 00:06:34,120 --> 00:06:35,839 Speaker 2: seen happen since that time? 110 00:06:36,120 --> 00:06:39,400 Speaker 1: So things are changing basically every ten minutes, but the 111 00:06:39,440 --> 00:06:43,279 Speaker 1: overall trends we can see and the basic facts have 112 00:06:43,600 --> 00:06:46,680 Speaker 1: remained the same, which is that both sides are continuing 113 00:06:46,720 --> 00:06:49,640 Speaker 1: to launch missiles at one another through the day and night. 114 00:06:50,160 --> 00:06:53,480 Speaker 1: So Israel has a defense system called the Iron Dome. 115 00:06:53,800 --> 00:06:56,960 Speaker 1: It's been intercepting some of those missiles, but some still 116 00:06:57,000 --> 00:07:00,800 Speaker 1: are reaching Israel. As such, the death tolls in both 117 00:07:00,880 --> 00:07:04,480 Speaker 1: countries are starting to climb. In Iran, at the time 118 00:07:04,520 --> 00:07:07,640 Speaker 1: of recording, the country's Health Ministry reports that at least 119 00:07:07,640 --> 00:07:10,800 Speaker 1: two hundred and twenty people have been killed, both military 120 00:07:10,800 --> 00:07:14,560 Speaker 1: officials and civilians in Israel again. At the time of recording, 121 00:07:14,840 --> 00:07:18,480 Speaker 1: local health authorities report at least thirteen people have been killed, 122 00:07:18,840 --> 00:07:22,760 Speaker 1: all of whom have been identified as civilians. Those figures 123 00:07:22,760 --> 00:07:25,119 Speaker 1: are changing rapidly, though This is kind of a point 124 00:07:25,160 --> 00:07:25,920 Speaker 1: in time update. 125 00:07:26,040 --> 00:07:31,320 Speaker 2: Yeah, and so we are seeing continuous missiles fired from 126 00:07:31,440 --> 00:07:34,920 Speaker 2: both sides. It doesn't seem to be stopping at all. 127 00:07:35,680 --> 00:07:38,560 Speaker 2: One question, though, Lucy, that I have heard a lot 128 00:07:38,560 --> 00:07:40,720 Speaker 2: of people asking, is what is the role of the 129 00:07:40,840 --> 00:07:43,800 Speaker 2: United States in this? Because you said earlier that Donald 130 00:07:43,840 --> 00:07:47,320 Speaker 2: Trump was trying to negotiate a deal, a nuclear deal 131 00:07:47,520 --> 00:07:50,400 Speaker 2: with Iran, So there's that connection there. But at the 132 00:07:50,400 --> 00:07:54,760 Speaker 2: same time, the US is Israel's closest ally. What have 133 00:07:54,880 --> 00:07:56,360 Speaker 2: we heard from the Trump administration? 134 00:07:56,760 --> 00:07:59,800 Speaker 1: So, as I was saying before, ahead of the attack 135 00:08:00,120 --> 00:08:02,800 Speaker 1: last Friday, Trump had told the world he was trying 136 00:08:02,800 --> 00:08:05,080 Speaker 1: to reach a nuclear deal with Iran. It was one 137 00:08:05,080 --> 00:08:07,640 Speaker 1: of the things he kind of came to office promising 138 00:08:07,680 --> 00:08:10,400 Speaker 1: to do as soon as he could. The latest round 139 00:08:10,400 --> 00:08:13,040 Speaker 1: of negotiations, as I said, were meant to be held. 140 00:08:13,400 --> 00:08:17,400 Speaker 1: Iran then pulled out shortly after Israel launched an attack 141 00:08:17,440 --> 00:08:20,720 Speaker 1: on Iran. Secretary of State Marco Rubio put out a 142 00:08:20,760 --> 00:08:25,040 Speaker 1: statement saying the US was not involved in the strikes. However, 143 00:08:25,480 --> 00:08:29,360 Speaker 1: since then, Trump has said the US quote knew everything 144 00:08:29,760 --> 00:08:32,840 Speaker 1: in the lead up to Israel's strikes, and local media 145 00:08:32,920 --> 00:08:38,520 Speaker 1: reports the US is helping Israel intercept Iran's missiles. More recently, 146 00:08:38,640 --> 00:08:41,240 Speaker 1: he told reporters quote, I hope there's going to be 147 00:08:41,280 --> 00:08:43,160 Speaker 1: a deal. I think it's time for a deal, and 148 00:08:43,200 --> 00:08:46,120 Speaker 1: we'll see what happens. Sometimes they have to fight it out, 149 00:08:46,160 --> 00:08:48,880 Speaker 1: but we're going to see what happens. And US media 150 00:08:48,920 --> 00:08:52,000 Speaker 1: also reports that Trump learned of and vetoed a plan 151 00:08:52,120 --> 00:08:55,559 Speaker 1: to assassinate Iran's supreme leader. At the time of recording, 152 00:08:55,760 --> 00:08:58,640 Speaker 1: Israeli strikes have not targeted any political figures. 153 00:08:58,960 --> 00:09:02,360 Speaker 2: Yeah. I think that's a really interesting point because it 154 00:09:02,440 --> 00:09:05,240 Speaker 2: does seem like there is a lot of emphasis on 155 00:09:05,280 --> 00:09:10,920 Speaker 2: those military and nuclear related figures, and so far there 156 00:09:10,960 --> 00:09:13,880 Speaker 2: has not been any targeting at least not that Israel 157 00:09:13,920 --> 00:09:17,920 Speaker 2: has announced, of political figures. So certainly something to keep 158 00:09:17,920 --> 00:09:20,320 Speaker 2: an eye on now, Lucy. Just to end with, I 159 00:09:20,320 --> 00:09:22,920 Speaker 2: think a lot of people would be seeing what is 160 00:09:22,920 --> 00:09:26,200 Speaker 2: happening and trying to understand from here on the other 161 00:09:26,240 --> 00:09:29,079 Speaker 2: side of the world what this all means, and certainly 162 00:09:29,080 --> 00:09:32,720 Speaker 2: how our government is viewing this situation. What have we 163 00:09:32,760 --> 00:09:34,559 Speaker 2: heard from Australian political leadership. 164 00:09:34,800 --> 00:09:38,600 Speaker 1: So Australia's government has called for a de escalation. Prime 165 00:09:38,600 --> 00:09:41,600 Speaker 1: Minister Anthony Albanzi he's currently in Canada for the g 166 00:09:41,720 --> 00:09:45,160 Speaker 1: seventh summit. He said he and Canadian Prime Minister Mark 167 00:09:45,200 --> 00:09:47,720 Speaker 1: Carney had both discussed their desire to see a quote, 168 00:09:47,760 --> 00:09:50,640 Speaker 1: de escalation of conflict. He said the two wanted to 169 00:09:50,720 --> 00:09:55,680 Speaker 1: quote prioritize dialogue and diplomacy. He also repeated Australia's latest 170 00:09:55,679 --> 00:10:00,560 Speaker 1: travel advice, which urges citizens not to travel to Israel. Iran. 171 00:10:00,880 --> 00:10:04,200 Speaker 2: Yes, so clearly the Australian government're calling for de escalation. 172 00:10:04,440 --> 00:10:08,440 Speaker 2: The opposition in Australia, the Coalition, they're suggesting that this 173 00:10:08,920 --> 00:10:13,160 Speaker 2: rhetoric of de escalation or looking for diplomatic engagement hasn't 174 00:10:13,200 --> 00:10:16,120 Speaker 2: necessarily worked in the past, and they have suggested that 175 00:10:16,160 --> 00:10:19,199 Speaker 2: there needs to be a new way of doing things 176 00:10:19,240 --> 00:10:22,839 Speaker 2: to regulate that relationship between Iran and Israel. So certainly 177 00:10:22,880 --> 00:10:24,240 Speaker 2: one to keep an eye on. But thank you for 178 00:10:24,280 --> 00:10:26,679 Speaker 2: explaining all of that, Lucy, Thanks Aaron, and thank you 179 00:10:26,679 --> 00:10:29,080 Speaker 2: for joining us for another episode of the Daly Os. 180 00:10:29,160 --> 00:10:31,560 Speaker 2: We will be back later today with the headlines, but 181 00:10:31,679 --> 00:10:32,960 Speaker 2: until then, have a great day. 182 00:10:37,120 --> 00:10:39,440 Speaker 1: My name is Lily Madden and I'm a proud Arunda 183 00:10:39,640 --> 00:10:44,439 Speaker 1: Bungelung Kalgutin woman from Gadigl Country. The daly oz acknowledges 184 00:10:44,520 --> 00:10:46,679 Speaker 1: that this podcast is recorded on the lands of the 185 00:10:46,720 --> 00:10:50,280 Speaker 1: Gadighl people and pays respect to all Aboriginal and Torres 186 00:10:50,280 --> 00:10:53,200 Speaker 1: Strait Island and nations. We pay our respects to the 187 00:10:53,200 --> 00:10:56,000 Speaker 1: first peoples of these countries, both past and present.