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Speaker 1: My name is Lily Maddon and I'm a proud Arunda

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Speaker 1: Bunjelung Calcottin woman from Gadighl Country. The Daily oz acknowledges

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Speaker 1: that this podcast is recorded on the lands of the

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Speaker 1: Gadighl people and pays respect to all Aboriginal and Torres

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Speaker 1: Straight island and nations. We pay our respects to the

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Speaker 1: first peoples of these countries, both past and present.

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Speaker 2: Good morning and welcome to the Daily os It's Thursday,

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Speaker 2: the ninth of February. I'm Sam, I'm Zara. The scenes

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Speaker 2: out of Turkya and Syria this week have been devastating.

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Speaker 3: Good evening.

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Speaker 2: Stretches of southern Turkey and northern Syria are in ruins

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Speaker 2: tonight after a powerful earthquake destation in the Middle East. Tonight.

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Speaker 3: It's a powerful earthquake keeping Turkey and Syrias.

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Speaker 2: Reached apart, multi level apartment blogs razor to the ground.

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Speaker 4: The earthquakes have been washed out and the death toll

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Speaker 4: is rising.

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Speaker 2: The latest figures we have that more than thirteen hundred people,

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Speaker 2: more than thirty seven hundred dead.

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Speaker 1: More than six thousand people are dead and their are

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Speaker 1: fears just.

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Speaker 2: Continues to rise sharply. In weeks like this, where there

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Speaker 2: is just so much loss and devastation on our news feeds,

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Speaker 2: it can sometimes feel challenging to bring useful information into

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Speaker 2: that discussion. So today we wanted to speak to someone

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Speaker 2: who knows all about being actually helpful in the face

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Speaker 2: of disasters, and that's the director of International Programs at

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Speaker 2: the Australian Red Cross, Alex Matheson.

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Speaker 3: We know now that the size and scale of this

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Speaker 3: disaster and the effort that's going to be needed to

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Speaker 3: support these people to get back on their feet, it's

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Speaker 3: going to be huge now.

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Speaker 2: But Firs Aarrah, what's making headlines around the world.

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Speaker 5: US President Joe Biden has delivered his State of the

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Speaker 5: Union address to a joint sitting of Congress yesterday. Biden

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Speaker 5: spoke about China. He spoke about tax reform, social security,

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Speaker 5: law enforcement, and a whole host of other issues. He

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Speaker 5: also said that it was possible for Democrats and Republicans

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Speaker 5: to work together.

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Speaker 2: Over the past two years, we've proved the cynics and

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Speaker 2: naysayer is wrong. I signed over three hundred live prior

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Speaker 2: sup peces of legislation spence to becoming President. New Zealand.

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Speaker 2: Authorities have found four hundred and fifty six million Australian

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Speaker 2: dollars worth of cocaine floating in the Pacific Ocean. Authorities

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Speaker 2: believe the shipment was bound for Australia, and Police Commissioner

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Speaker 2: Andrew Costa said that this is one of the single

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Speaker 2: biggest seizures of illegal drugs by authorities in the country.

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Speaker 5: Foreign Minister Penny One confirmed yesterday that four Australians who

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Speaker 5: were in the Turkey Assyria earthquake zone remain unaccounted for.

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Speaker 5: The Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade is also providing

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Speaker 5: consular assistance to another forty Australians and their families who

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Speaker 5: were in the area. On top of the ten million

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Speaker 5: dollars that we spoke about yesterday that the government's pledged

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Speaker 5: earlier in the week, the government has also now committed

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Speaker 5: to sending a search and rescue team of up to

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Speaker 5: seventy two people.

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Speaker 2: And today's good news. Call him the Goat, call him

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Speaker 2: the King, whatever you call him. Lebron James is now

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Speaker 2: undoubtedly the all time leading scorer in NBA history. He

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Speaker 2: over took Kareem Abdul Jabbar, who has held the record

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Speaker 2: since nineteen eighty four. It's quite a while. James surpassed

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Speaker 2: Abdul Jabbar's record of thirty eight, three hundred and eighty

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Speaker 2: seven points during the La Lakers game against the Oklahoma

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Speaker 2: City Thunder. Alex thanks so much for joining us on

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Speaker 2: the Daily OS this morning.

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Speaker 3: You're very welcome. Thanks for having me.

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Speaker 2: Can you tell me a little bit about yourself and

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Speaker 2: what you do at the Red Cross?

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Speaker 3: Sure? So, I'm the International Programs Director for the Australian

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Speaker 3: Red Cross. Here's an amazing movement with fifteen million volunteers

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Speaker 3: around the world are trained and ready to support communities

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Speaker 3: in times of need, and.

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Speaker 2: This is a time in need. Can you give me

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Speaker 2: a sense of the situation right now in Tokyo and Syria.

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Speaker 3: So obviously the earthquake, well, earthquakes hit. The first one

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Speaker 3: hit very early in the morning and on the sixth

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Speaker 3: February a local time, followed by another major shock a

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Speaker 3: few hours later, and a whole range of aftershocks as well.

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Speaker 3: And I think everyone will have by now seen some

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Speaker 3: of the images of what that's looking like on the

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Speaker 3: ground in terms of the extent of the devastation to buildings,

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Speaker 3: to infrastructure, and obviously to people's lives who have been

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Speaker 3: caught up in there. So the death toll is high

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Speaker 3: and rising, as are the number of people who have

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Speaker 3: now been left homeless and living in very harsh conditions.

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Speaker 3: It's winter there, temperatures in many of the places are

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Speaker 3: dropping down to a well below freezing at night time,

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Speaker 3: and there is little infrastructure. A lot of infrastructure has

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Speaker 3: been damaged, so humanitarian needs a great both in Takia

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Speaker 3: and in the parts of Syria that have been impacted

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Speaker 3: as well.

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Speaker 2: Take me inside the Red Cross machine when you first

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Speaker 2: heard about something like this, so for us from memory,

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Speaker 2: it was late afternoon when we heard about the first earthquake.

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Speaker 2: What happened in that first hour.

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Speaker 3: What we know happens because we're well organized around this

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Speaker 3: for a humanitarian organization, we have been many years of

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Speaker 3: being existence to deliver on this purpose. So we know,

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Speaker 3: without even necessarily needing to speak to the Red Crescent

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Speaker 3: in Takia or the Syrian ad Syrian Arab Red Crescent

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Speaker 3: in Syria, that they have volunteers and staff, many of

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Speaker 3: whom are from the communities, because they're based there through

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Speaker 3: a network of branches within the countries, and we know

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Speaker 3: that they're trained. They're trained for exactly these sorts of

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Speaker 3: situations and that they're mobilized as soon as it is

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Speaker 3: safe to do so. Then obviously getting the information out

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Speaker 3: of actually what is going on it is always difficult,

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Speaker 3: particularly when there's been large scale destruction to infrastructure, but

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Speaker 3: we try and source as much information as we can

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Speaker 3: and we start to get a sense of what the

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Speaker 3: scale is. Obviously we're far removed from that geographically in Australia,

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Speaker 3: but we know that the Australian community has a role

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Speaker 3: to play in largecale disasters, particularly when they're being asked

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Speaker 3: for international support. So countries like Tekeyo and Syria are

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Speaker 3: both called for international assistance and whereby they're saying this

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Speaker 3: is moving beyond the capability that we have to manage

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Speaker 3: this disaster within the resources that we've got available in countries,

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Speaker 3: So we're going to need help. And then we as

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Speaker 3: the Australian Red Cross make decisions quickly about what are

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Speaker 3: the best ways that we can look to support them

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Speaker 3: and based on the location, and we can do so

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Speaker 3: in a number of ways. One is obviously leveraging the

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Speaker 3: support of the Australian community, so Australian public in terms

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Speaker 3: of fundraising corporates in terms of fundraising and support, but

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Speaker 3: also Australian government. Wo On Tuesday was announced that the

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Speaker 3: Australian Government had a ten million dollar package for Takia

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Speaker 3: in Syria and as four million of those dollars has

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Speaker 3: been allocated towards the Red Cross efforts within Turkey.

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Speaker 2: So are you happy? Are you happy with that amount

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Speaker 2: from government?

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Speaker 3: I thinks, and it's a very early decision that they

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Speaker 3: move very quickly to make an announcement the situations unfolding.

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Speaker 3: I think that we're very happy and very grateful for

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Speaker 3: that support that they've given to us. And I imagine

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Speaker 3: that the Day and others are now going to be

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Speaker 3: observing this situation very closely to then see what additional

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Speaker 3: support may be needed.

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Speaker 2: Okay, so take me through the next couple of weeks

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Speaker 2: then for the Red Cross. What are the key aims

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Speaker 2: and obligations for the Red Cross on the ground now?

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Speaker 3: So right now it's that emergency, that absolute paramount emergency fase.

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Speaker 3: So there's still search and rescue operations going on which

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Speaker 3: Red Cross staff and volunteers will be supporting. So both

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Speaker 3: in Syria and and TURKEYA the sorts of things that

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Speaker 3: they're doing is they're supporting that, they're helping medical transportations

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Speaker 3: of people who are pulled out, getting them to medical

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Speaker 3: facilities and medical help. They're distributing clothes, blankets, food, water,

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Speaker 3: those sorts of things to meet people's basic needs, and

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Speaker 3: ensuring that the people get access to shelter. So that's

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Speaker 3: really what's going on right now. But obviously what is

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Speaker 3: clear is the extent of the damage and the homelessness,

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Speaker 3: So then it's going to be looking at how we

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Speaker 3: can be supporting people really in that kind of medium

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Speaker 3: term around making sure that they can live safe and

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Speaker 3: dignified lives whilst they're looking to work out what they're

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Speaker 3: going to do about rebuilding. So we provide increasingly cash

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Speaker 3: assistance to people because that gives people most autonomy, most

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Speaker 3: choice about what their main needs are and how best

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Speaker 3: to address them. But depending on the context, there's a

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Speaker 3: range of other support as well. We might continue with

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Speaker 3: supporting with food and other relief items as well and

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Speaker 3: ensuring and enabling people to have access to save shelter

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Speaker 3: as well as water and sanitation services and those sorts

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Speaker 3: of things.

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Speaker 2: That cash assistance point is really interesting is that a

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Speaker 2: development from previous disasters over the last decade or two,

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Speaker 2: and you've learned that that's actually a quicker and more

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Speaker 2: effective way to deliver resources.

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Speaker 3: Exactly, it's based on hard evidence and learning. So you know,

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Speaker 3: when I started in this business sort of back in

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Speaker 3: the early nineties, the efforts are really on planes of

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Speaker 3: goods and things flying in and that is still needed

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Speaker 3: in some situations and sometimes. But also what we discovered

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Speaker 3: is that a that takes away a lot of choice.

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Speaker 3: Often things that are brought in may not be contextually

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Speaker 3: relevant and needed, and also it can damage economies, local

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Speaker 3: economies that do still function during these times. There's still

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Speaker 3: markets happening, there's still things there. So providing with people

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Speaker 3: with cash enables them to match their own individual needs

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Speaker 3: to what's available, and it supports local markets as well.

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Speaker 3: So it's based on hard evidence and increasingly for the

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Speaker 3: Red Cross Red Crescent Movement that we are usualing cash

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Speaker 3: as a major mechanism to assist people in these sorts

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Speaker 3: of situations.

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Speaker 2: So you've obviously learned a lot from previous disasters, but

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Speaker 2: is there anything about this particular situation that is challenging

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Speaker 2: the Red Cross or particularly surprising?

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Speaker 3: I mean, the extent of the devastation is clear, and

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Speaker 3: I mean there's a whole lot of logistical challenges that

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Speaker 3: that brings with it. Of course, we're talking about two countries,

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Speaker 3: and in Syria, Syria has had over a decade of conflict,

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Speaker 3: very much affecting those areas that have been most impacted

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Speaker 3: by this earthquake, and so that's an additional complexity on top.

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Speaker 3: But also you're talking about people who are being made

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Speaker 3: extremely vulnerable by the fact that they've had to live

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Speaker 3: for and survive through years of conflict as well. So

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Speaker 3: that's pretty unique to this situation. And at top of that,

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Speaker 3: within Syria you have security issues. There's different bodies or

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Speaker 3: parties that are in control of different areas, so that

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Speaker 3: has to be navigated and negotiated in order to get

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Speaker 3: humanitarian access to the people who need it as well

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Speaker 3: as you know, you're working in a environment, for example,

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Speaker 3: where sanctions are in play as well by many international

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Speaker 3: bodies and governments, which can often unintendedly hinder the delivery

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Speaker 3: of humanitarian systems. So that makes it quite quite complex

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Speaker 3: and quite messy. And in addition, on the Turkeia side,

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Speaker 3: is that significant numbers of people that moved from Syria

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Speaker 3: to Turkey to those areas as well that are now

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Speaker 3: impacted as well. So you have refugees that are living

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Speaker 3: in Turkey that have now also suffering the consequences of

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Speaker 3: this major earthquake.

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Speaker 2: A lot of intersectionalities that I'm sure bring a lot

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Speaker 2: of complexities to this. This is not your first disaster,

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Speaker 2: and I dare say, unless you retired tomorrow, it's not

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Speaker 2: going to be your last. Do you feel helpless when

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Speaker 2: confronted with the challenge you just didn't see coming last week?

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Speaker 3: To be honest, right now, I feel energized because I

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Speaker 3: think you're seeing that we've got something that we put

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Speaker 3: in place over many years. I'm relatively new to the

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Speaker 3: Red Cross, but seeing the fact that what we have

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Speaker 3: and how we're able to move and act, and how

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Speaker 3: it's also built on local capability and it's driven by

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Speaker 3: local people. It's volunteers, it's staff from these areas. And

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Speaker 3: the fact that we are this disputed network that can

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Speaker 3: be mobilized locally and then it has this global the

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Speaker 3: global aspects of it that can get behind it really

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Speaker 3: quickly is quite amazing and energizing I think to be

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Speaker 3: part of and so absolutely distressed and upset that this

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Speaker 3: has happened, but proud and excited about what can be

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Speaker 3: done to support it. And that's the Red Cross, but

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Speaker 3: also there are so many other organizations and actors and

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Speaker 3: local organizations on the ground that we'll be doing exactly

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Speaker 3: these things to support people as well. And I think

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Speaker 3: that's what we know. And another thing that we've learned

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Speaker 3: is that the most important actors and responders in crisis

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Speaker 3: are local and they're the people who understand the situation.

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Speaker 3: They're the ones first on the scene, and actually the

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Speaker 3: international humanitarian system needs to get behind that. And that's

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Speaker 3: a philosophy and approach that the Red Cross is really

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Speaker 3: taken to heart and is looking to maximize through its

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Speaker 3: own efforts.

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Speaker 2: We'll be back right after this Alex. When we were

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Speaker 2: thinking about how to frame this podcast as the Daily Ods,

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Speaker 2: we really wanted to try and bring some value to

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Speaker 2: the discussion instead of just kind of recapping the disaster

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Speaker 2: over the last few days. And the question that kept

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Speaker 2: coming up for us was how can we help people

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Speaker 2: be helpful.

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Speaker 3: There's a number of ways.

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Speaker 4: Now we have launched an appeal as the Australian Redcrafts

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Speaker 4: and there's a number of agencies because we know now

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Speaker 4: we're confident that the size and scale of this disaster

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Speaker 4: and the effort that's going to be needed to support

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Speaker 4: these people to get back on their feet, it's going

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Speaker 4: to be huge.

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Speaker 3: So we need to use this moment to LEAVEADGE as

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Speaker 3: much support and resourcing as we can do so to

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Speaker 3: ensure that the funds is available to provide that both

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Speaker 3: the media but that longer term support as well to

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Speaker 3: the people impacted by this disaster. But I think for

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Speaker 3: young people it's also around can we use moments like

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Speaker 3: this also to build connection between people as well and

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Speaker 3: understanding between people's as well, And I think that there's

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Speaker 3: there's huge opportunity there to reflect on why are some

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Speaker 3: people so vulnerable as some impacted by disasters and what

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Speaker 3: is it that we can be doing as a global community,

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Speaker 3: and also from with Australia to influence that. Now, there

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Speaker 3: are many different ways in which people can do that

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Speaker 3: and we have very smart youth populations in Australia, so

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Speaker 3: I'm not going to say what that looks like, but

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Speaker 3: there's opportunity in these moments. Whilst they are obviously distressing

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Speaker 3: and terrible moments, there's opportunity to build connection and understanding,

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Speaker 3: and I think we need to make sure that we

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Speaker 3: maximize that.

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Speaker 2: Alex Mathson really appreciate your time.

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Speaker 3: Thank you very much.

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Speaker 5: Thanks for joining us on the Daily Odds. If you

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Speaker 5: learned something from today's episode, don't forget to hit subscribe

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Speaker 5: so there's a TVA episode waiting for you every weekday morning.

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Speaker 5: We'll be back again tomorrow morning, but until then, have

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Speaker 5: a brilliant day.

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Speaker 3: Hi,