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Speaker 1: My name is Lily Madden and I'm a proud Arunda

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Speaker 1: Bungelung Calcuttin woman from Gadighl country. The Daily oz acknowledges

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Speaker 1: that this podcast is recorded on the lands of the

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Speaker 1: Gadighl people and pays respect to all Aboriginal and Torres

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Speaker 1: Strait Island and nations. We pay our respects to the

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Speaker 1: first peoples of these countries, both past and present.

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Speaker 2: Good morning and welcome to the Daily os. It's Monday,

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Speaker 2: the eleventh of December. I'm Zara Sam. Twenty twenty three

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Speaker 2: is somehow rapidly coming to an end, and with it

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Speaker 2: comes the end of Parliament, which had its last sitting

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Speaker 2: day last week. On this podcast, we bring you the

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Speaker 2: big political developments as they come, but looking back on

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Speaker 2: the year, it can all seem like a bit of

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Speaker 2: a blur. Now that things have officially wrapped, we thought

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Speaker 2: it would be a good time to take a look

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Speaker 2: back and look at some of.

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Speaker 3: The biggest political milestones of the year.

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Speaker 2: Tida's journalist Harry Sekolitch will join us in the deeps.

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Speaker 2: I have to talk us through the biggest political moments

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Speaker 2: of twenty twenty three.

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Speaker 3: But first am, let's do the headlines.

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Speaker 4: Willzara. The big news yesterday was that Queensland Premier Anastasia

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Speaker 4: Palochet did announce she is stepping down as premier. Palachet

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Speaker 4: has been the Premier of Queensland since twenty fifteen. When

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Speaker 4: she announced her retirement yesterday, she said, I've given it

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Speaker 4: my all and I have run a marathon. Now is

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Speaker 4: the time for me to find out what else life

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Speaker 4: has to offer. Her last day as premier will be

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Speaker 4: on Friday, when a new leader will be decided by

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Speaker 4: the Labor Party. The next Queensland election is scheduled for

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Speaker 4: October next year.

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Speaker 2: Twenty twenty three has been confirmed as the hottest year

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Speaker 2: on record by the EU's Copernicus Climate Change Service. Global

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Speaker 2: temperature records have been broken every month since June, making

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Speaker 2: this the warmest year since records began in nineteen forty.

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Speaker 4: The federal government has announced new rules that we'll see

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Speaker 4: the taxes tripled for foreigners who buy existing houses in

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Speaker 4: Australia and a doubling of fees if the houses are

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Speaker 4: left vacant. The new rules were announced by Treasurer Jim

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Speaker 4: Chalmers yesterday and is predicted to bring in an extra

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Speaker 4: five hundred million dollars for the government. Chalmers said the

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Speaker 4: changes are to improve housing affordability and supply and.

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Speaker 2: The good news the launch of a new tracking tool

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Speaker 2: could make it easier to track greenhouse gas emissions. Nonprofit

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Speaker 2: group Climate Trace released a tracking tool at the cop

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Speaker 2: twenty eight Climate Summit that'll make information about emissions from

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Speaker 2: individual sites much more accessible to the public. It's hoped

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Speaker 2: the tool will be a helpful resource for organizations to

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Speaker 2: track and report on amission's reduction progress. All right, so, Harry,

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Speaker 2: today I have given you a bit of a challenge,

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Speaker 2: a difficult one at that. We are at the end

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Speaker 2: of the year and we're looking back and I want

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Speaker 2: you to pick the five biggest political stories of the year.

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Speaker 3: It seems like an easy task.

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Speaker 5: Yeah, look, thank you for that, Zara. I mean, there's

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Speaker 5: just so much that happens in Canberra and in politics.

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Speaker 5: So when you try to think of the five big moments,

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Speaker 5: next thing, you know, you've got fifty moments on your play.

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Speaker 2: All right, well we're going to distill it. We're gonna

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Speaker 2: go why don't we start with the easiest one. What

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Speaker 2: do you think was the biggest political story of the year.

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Speaker 5: So, without a doubt, and I think you would agree

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Speaker 5: with me, Zara. The Voice to Parliament referendum was definitely

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Speaker 5: the biggest story out of Parliament and out of Canberra

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Speaker 5: this year.

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Speaker 2: Yeah, I mean, I kept saying I thought it was

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Speaker 2: going to be the biggest story really of our generation.

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Speaker 2: We hadn't gone to a referendum before, and it's unlikely

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Speaker 2: we'll go to one again anytime soon. Can you just

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Speaker 2: talk us through why you think it's the biggest political

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Speaker 2: story of the year, especially you know, in kind of

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Speaker 2: the parliamentary sense.

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Speaker 6: Yeah, for sure.

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Speaker 5: So I think, first of all, should define what the

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Speaker 5: Voice to Parliament actually was. So it was a proposal

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Speaker 5: to add a first nation's advisory body into the Constitution.

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Speaker 5: So when Anthony Albanezi came into power in May last year,

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Speaker 5: he promised to implement the twenty seventeen ULARU Statement from

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Speaker 5: a heart, and so the first recommendation of the Statement

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Speaker 5: called for a Voice to Parliament to become permanently enshrined

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Speaker 5: in the Constitution. So we went to a referendum because

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Speaker 5: we needed to vote as the Australian public, on whether

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Speaker 5: or not we agreed to change the constitution.

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Speaker 2: When you say it like that, It seems so simple,

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Speaker 2: just a yes or no answer, but yet it turned

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Speaker 2: into oh, just so much more.

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Speaker 5: I think that we all know that it definitely went

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Speaker 5: beyond the realms of just yes or no. So the

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Speaker 5: government obviously was pushing for this change to happen. The

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Speaker 5: Coalition formally opposed it, saying it was risky and a

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Speaker 5: divisive proposal. We've heard a lot of if you don't know,

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Speaker 5: vote no from that side of politics. So it was

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Speaker 5: a huge political story and for a number of reasons,

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Speaker 5: the Voice actually changed the composition of the Parliament itself.

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Speaker 5: So the Liberal Party's Shadow Minister for Indigenous Australians, Julian Lisa,

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Speaker 5: resigned as a shadow minister so that he could campaign

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Speaker 5: in favor of the Voice and going over to the

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Speaker 5: Greens on the more progressive side of politics. Senator Lydia Thoughpe,

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Speaker 5: quit the party when it was deciding its position on

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Speaker 5: the Voice. She's now declared herself as a representative for

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Speaker 5: the Black Sovereign Movement, which is this First Nation's justice

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Speaker 5: advocacy platform. Out in public, there were so many conversations

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Speaker 5: taking place about the Voice and First Nations policy more broadly,

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Speaker 5: and we saw roundtables community forums in RSLs and school

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Speaker 5: halls and community centers, and of course we also saw

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Speaker 5: a lot of public rallies in the lead up to

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Speaker 5: the referendum on October the fourteenth.

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Speaker 3: But in the end it was a fairly clear response, right.

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Speaker 5: The results came in hard and fast. About an hour

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Speaker 5: and a half after the polls closed, the ABC's election

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Speaker 5: analyst Anthony Green declared that the Voice had been defeated,

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Speaker 5: so it didn't get the double majority that it needed

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Speaker 5: to be successful. So that's both a majority of Australia's

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Speaker 5: population and the majority of the states.

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Speaker 2: It actually didn't get either of those two things, so

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Speaker 2: there was no chance of that passing. But I do

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Speaker 2: think you're right that'll be one of the defining moments

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Speaker 2: I think, not just of this year, but of Anthony

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Speaker 2: Albanesi's Prime ministership. I think that he had had a

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Speaker 2: fairly long honeymoon period for lack of a better term,

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Speaker 2: and it was really a turning point when his government

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Speaker 2: went so fully behind backing this and there was such

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Speaker 2: a decisive rejection of it. So it'll certainly be interesting,

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Speaker 2: you know, after his term is finished, to see how

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Speaker 2: that comes out and what is remembered of this time

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Speaker 2: moving on though, there wasn't just the voice this year.

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Speaker 2: There were other really big topics, So talking me through

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Speaker 2: your next choice for the big stories of twenty twenty three.

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Speaker 5: So yeah, when I was thinking about some of the

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Speaker 5: other big stories of the year, robodebt definitely came to

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Speaker 5: mind and the Royal Commission into the schemes, so just

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Speaker 5: basically as a refresher. Robodet was this scheme set up

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Speaker 5: in twenty fifteen that lasted until twenty nineteen where under

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Speaker 5: the coalition government's welfare recipients were told that they had

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Speaker 5: outstanding debts. So this turned out to actually be illegal

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Speaker 5: and in fact Centerlink issued over one point seven billion

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Speaker 5: dollars in unlawful debt notices to hundreds of thousands of

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Speaker 5: people and look, I don't know about Yuzara, that's just

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Speaker 5: a pretty mind boggling number. So when the government changed

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Speaker 5: hands last year, Albanezi announced a Royal Commission into robodebt.

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Speaker 5: The commission lasted months and months and we heard from

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Speaker 5: former Prime Ministers Malcolm Turnbull and Scott Morrison, several senior

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Speaker 5: ministers who oversaw parts of the scheme at the time,

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Speaker 5: their staffers and the staff of the government departments in

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Speaker 5: charge of actually carrying out the scheme. And what was

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Speaker 5: quite upsetting for many people and definitely quite distressing to

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Speaker 5: hear in the inquiry was just the human toll of

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Speaker 5: this scheme. Two mothers gave testimony about the role of

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Speaker 5: robodet in their son's debts by suicide, and the Commission

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Speaker 5: said it became aware of at least one other death

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Speaker 5: and so Commissioner Catherine Holmes said that the scheme was

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Speaker 5: quote responsible for heartbreak and harm, and the final report

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Speaker 5: described robodebt as crude and cruel. Now, responding to the report,

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Speaker 5: Prime Minister Anthony Albernezi says, the Royal Commission has revealed

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Speaker 5: a gross betrayal and a human tragedy. It was wrong,

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Speaker 5: it was illegal, It should never have happened and it

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Speaker 5: should never happen again.

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Speaker 3: That report was absolutely scathing. To say the least.

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Speaker 2: Have there been any changes since the Royal Commission, Because

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Speaker 2: I think one of the things that always come up

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Speaker 2: when we talk about inquiries or Royal commissions is, you know,

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Speaker 2: it's one thing to find out this information and to

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Speaker 2: uncover it, but it's another thing to actually make the

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Speaker 2: change that should come next.

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Speaker 6: Yes.

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Speaker 5: So the Royal Commission made fifty seven recommendations and the

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Speaker 5: government has agreed to bring in fifty six of those.

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Speaker 5: So the recommendations focused on things like changing how the

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Speaker 5: public service works to avoid something like Robodette happening again.

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Speaker 2: All right, Harry, you have nearly used up half your

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Speaker 2: picks of the year.

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Speaker 3: What is your next one?

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Speaker 5: So, because everyone's is prick up like a dog when

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Speaker 5: we hear about corruption in politics, I'd have to go

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Speaker 5: for the National Anti Corruption Commission being set up this year.

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Speaker 6: Abuse of power and the corridors of Federal Parliament has

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Speaker 6: a new enemy. Tonight, the National Anti Corruption Commission has

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Speaker 6: officially launched in Canberra, with dozens of referrals already received.

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Speaker 2: It feels like at the last federal election corruption was

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Speaker 2: legitimately the only thing we were talking about, and you know,

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Speaker 2: it was a major distinction between how the two parties

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Speaker 2: were promising to move forward. But the government ultimately was

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Speaker 2: voted in on a platform that suggested they would set

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Speaker 2: up an anti corruption commission.

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Speaker 3: Take me through what that looked like.

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Speaker 5: Yes, So, after Labor was elected, a bills a Parliament

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Speaker 5: ended up passing which ultimately led to the National Anti

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Speaker 5: Corruption Commission or for anyone who just needs to save

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Speaker 5: themselves a bit of time, they can just call it

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Speaker 5: the KNACK. Basically, the whole idea was to have a

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Speaker 5: way of investigation in corruption at some of the highest

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Speaker 5: levels of power. And when I say corruption, the Commission

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Speaker 5: has defined it as people abusing their positions of power

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Speaker 5: for private gain, breaking the public's trust, splashing around money

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Speaker 5: for deliberate political advantage. The NAC can look into politicians

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Speaker 5: and public servants and consultants, basically people that are making

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Speaker 5: these big important decisions in the most powerful offices of

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Speaker 5: the country.

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Speaker 3: Has it actually had any referrals yet, It's had a lot.

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Speaker 5: It's actually had so many that really soon after the

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Speaker 5: KNACK was set up, the Commissioner said that they had

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Speaker 5: forty four within two days, and within weeks they were

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Speaker 5: just getting flooded with hundreds of them. So, while it

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Speaker 5: is such an important development of this year, just based

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Speaker 5: on the amount of referrals that are going in to

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Speaker 5: the NAC, we can just safely assume that this is

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Speaker 5: going to be a big story for the coming years

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Speaker 5: and months ahead as well.

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Speaker 2: It seems like one of the things that was really

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Speaker 2: characteristic of this year in politics was that they didn't

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Speaker 2: seem to be so much of the coalition versus the

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Speaker 2: opposition when it came to legislation, but rather the government

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Speaker 2: negotiating with the Greens. Can you take me through some

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Speaker 2: of the examples of how that played out in Parliament

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Speaker 2: this year.

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Speaker 5: So we had a big piece of climate legislation pass

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Speaker 5: through this year. So it was an emissions reduction build

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Speaker 5: that brought in this thing called the safeguard mechanism. The

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Speaker 5: policy is pretty important. I like to think of it

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Speaker 5: as a button where when the moment strikes all of

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Speaker 5: Australia's big emitters, so in industries like mining, manufacturing, transport,

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Speaker 5: they have to start paying for all the emissions released

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Speaker 5: above what's known as a baseline. So if you're one

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Speaker 5: of Australia's two hundred and fifteen biggest polluters and your

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Speaker 5: umping out too much carbon into the atmosphere, you need

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Speaker 5: to start paying for all the extra carbon you're releasing,

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Speaker 5: specifically two hundred and seventy five dollars for every ton

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Speaker 5: in excess of that emission's threshold. And so that threshold

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Speaker 5: would just keep coming down every year. Like to think

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Speaker 5: of it, like a staircase. Four point nine percent a year,

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Speaker 5: not quite five, but four point nine percent. So that

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Speaker 5: will just keep coming down until twenty thirty. And the

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Speaker 5: idea is that the emissions from big industry will just

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Speaker 5: keep dropping alongside that drop as well.

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Speaker 2: Okay, and so because of the composition of Parliament, the

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Speaker 2: Coalition didn't support this bill, which meant that the government

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Speaker 2: needed the Greens and some crossbenches in order for it

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Speaker 2: to pass. But that didn't happen so easily, did it.

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Speaker 5: Yeah, No, that didn't quite happen. There was a bit

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Speaker 5: of a tussle with the Greens and the Labor government

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Speaker 5: about this particular piece of POLO. See, the Greens wanted

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Speaker 5: the bill to stop approving any new coal and gas projects.

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Speaker 5: That's something we've heard repeatedly from the Greens this year.

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Speaker 5: Their bid wasn't really successful, but the government did agree

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Speaker 5: to some changes brought in by the Greens, which included

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Speaker 5: tougher missions requirements on some gas projects around Australia.

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Speaker 3: Okay, Harry, you're onto your final pick of the day.

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Speaker 3: What is it? Tell me?

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Speaker 5: My last and certainly not least pick is just a

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Speaker 5: fever dream now, So Zara, do you remember when we

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Speaker 5: nearly were on the cusp of an early election.

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Speaker 2: I mean I remember that, but I don't know that

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Speaker 2: the general public necessarily knew what was happening at the time.

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Speaker 5: I have to admit something here, Zara, I'd kind of

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Speaker 5: forgotten about this one, that we could have been going

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Speaker 5: to a general election this year. Deadlock over Labour's social

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Speaker 5: housing plan has taken a new turn tonight and it

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Speaker 5: could see voters forced into an early election. There was

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Speaker 5: this huge standoff that seemed to just drag on and

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Speaker 5: on and on, and basically Labor introduced these housing laws

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Speaker 5: called the Housing Australia Future Fund, promising to build thirty

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Speaker 5: thousand affordable homes in five years, which the government would

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Speaker 5: fund through a ten billion dollar investment scheme. So to

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Speaker 5: get that through Parliament, the government even needed the support

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Speaker 5: of the Coalition or the Greens, which you've alluded to before.

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Speaker 5: So the Coalition came straight out opposing the plan, said

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Speaker 5: it was too expensive and their contribution to this policy

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Speaker 5: debate kind of ended there, and the Greens were more

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Speaker 5: open to having the discussion, but it took a lot

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Speaker 5: of convincing to get them over the line. For weeks

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Speaker 5: and months, they firmly opposed the Housing Laws because the

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Speaker 5: Greens felt the laws just didn't go far enough. They

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Speaker 5: wanted the government to agree to bring in blanket rent

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Speaker 5: freezers across the country and just quickly. Rent freeze is

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Speaker 5: a pause on rents going up any further in the

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Speaker 5: context of lots of people having their rent increased. So

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Speaker 5: the bill initially failed to get through both houses because

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Speaker 5: the Greens blocked it, and this is where we started

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Speaker 5: getting talking about the possibility of an early election, because

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Speaker 5: the Prime Minister can basically say if one of the

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Speaker 5: government's key pieces of legislation, in this case the Housing Laws,

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Speaker 5: if they failed to pass the Senate multiple times, then

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Speaker 5: he can pull what's known as a double dissolution trigger.

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Speaker 5: So what a double dissolution trigger would mean is instead

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Speaker 5: of voting for the Lower House and half the Senate,

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Speaker 5: the entire Senate would be dissolved, so every single MP

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Speaker 5: and Senator would be up for election. It doesn't happen

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Speaker 5: very often. The last one we had was in twenty

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Speaker 5: sixteen when Malcolm Turnbull was Prime Minister, and the time

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Speaker 5: before that was in the eighties, so it is pretty rare. Anyway,

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Speaker 5: it turns out that didn't need to happen because the

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Speaker 5: bill will pass through Parliament with the Greens supporting it

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Speaker 5: after the government had agreed to spend another billion dollars

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Speaker 5: in twenty twenty three on housing. So now the government's

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Speaker 5: housing plans are underway and we don't have to go

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Speaker 5: to the polls this year for an election.

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Speaker 2: Ari, thanks for jumping on today's cod If you enjoyed

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Speaker 2: what you heard today, want to leave us a review,

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Speaker 2: can hop on Spotify. There's a little Q and a

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Speaker 2: section there where you can tell us what you're thinking,

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Speaker 2: feeling and what you want to hear more of. Thanks

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Speaker 2: for joining us, though, and we'll look back again in

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Speaker 2: your ears tomorrow morning.

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Speaker 3: Bye.