1 00:00:05,080 --> 00:00:08,039 Speaker 1: On this episode of Newts World, What is the recipe 2 00:00:08,039 --> 00:00:11,520 Speaker 1: for happiness? If you listen to liberal elites or red 3 00:00:11,560 --> 00:00:15,640 Speaker 1: pill influencers, you say it's making money, living for yourself 4 00:00:16,000 --> 00:00:20,200 Speaker 1: and staying single without kids, and you'd be wrong. Nothing 5 00:00:20,239 --> 00:00:23,920 Speaker 1: predicts happiness better than a good marriage. According to new 6 00:00:23,960 --> 00:00:28,160 Speaker 1: research by the University of Virginia sociologist Brad Wilcox, our 7 00:00:28,240 --> 00:00:32,040 Speaker 1: kids in communities not to mention, our civilization as a whole, 8 00:00:32,520 --> 00:00:36,120 Speaker 1: are much more likely to flourish when the state of 9 00:00:36,159 --> 00:00:40,240 Speaker 1: our unions are strong. Despite this, record number of Americans 10 00:00:40,280 --> 00:00:43,920 Speaker 1: are not succeeding at getting or staying married. In his 11 00:00:44,040 --> 00:00:48,159 Speaker 1: new book, Get Married, While Americans must defy the elites, 12 00:00:48,560 --> 00:00:53,680 Speaker 1: forge strong families, and save civilization, Brad Wilcox reveals the 13 00:00:53,720 --> 00:00:58,680 Speaker 1: anti family messages and policies coming out of Hollywood, Washington, 14 00:00:59,000 --> 00:01:03,600 Speaker 1: the media, at Kademia, and corporate America that have weakened marriage, 15 00:01:03,960 --> 00:01:08,360 Speaker 1: and he explains why America's most fundamental institution matters for 16 00:01:08,480 --> 00:01:13,080 Speaker 1: our civilization more than ever. I am really pleased to 17 00:01:13,120 --> 00:01:16,240 Speaker 1: welcome my guest, Brad Wilcox. He is a professor of 18 00:01:16,240 --> 00:01:19,920 Speaker 1: sociology the director of the National Marriage Project at the 19 00:01:20,000 --> 00:01:23,640 Speaker 1: University of Virginia, the Future of Freedom fellow at the 20 00:01:23,640 --> 00:01:27,680 Speaker 1: Institute for Family Studies and a non resident Senior Fellow 21 00:01:27,920 --> 00:01:45,000 Speaker 1: at the American Enterprise Institute. Brad, Welcome and thank you 22 00:01:45,040 --> 00:01:48,520 Speaker 1: for joining me on Newsworld. You know, Brad, I'm fascinated 23 00:01:48,720 --> 00:01:51,880 Speaker 1: with your National Marriage Project and the decision you made 24 00:01:51,920 --> 00:01:54,200 Speaker 1: to write what I think is a very important book. 25 00:01:54,680 --> 00:01:55,800 Speaker 1: How did this all start? 26 00:01:56,960 --> 00:01:59,920 Speaker 2: So this really began actually here at the University of Virginia. 27 00:02:00,040 --> 00:02:01,840 Speaker 2: I was raised by a single mom nude and was 28 00:02:01,880 --> 00:02:04,240 Speaker 2: thinking as a college student here at UVA kind of 29 00:02:04,280 --> 00:02:07,680 Speaker 2: how much dads mattered, and then began to realize that 30 00:02:07,720 --> 00:02:10,080 Speaker 2: marriage was the institution that connects men to their kids 31 00:02:10,120 --> 00:02:13,160 Speaker 2: on average, and that led me to pursue a PhD 32 00:02:13,200 --> 00:02:16,120 Speaker 2: in sociology at Princeton and then come back here to 33 00:02:16,120 --> 00:02:18,720 Speaker 2: teach at UVA and bring the National Marriage Project from 34 00:02:18,800 --> 00:02:21,800 Speaker 2: Rutgers where it was to the University of Virginia. And 35 00:02:22,120 --> 00:02:24,600 Speaker 2: since two thousand and nine we've been kind of producing 36 00:02:24,639 --> 00:02:27,240 Speaker 2: reports and other research, including this new book, Get Married, 37 00:02:27,280 --> 00:02:29,840 Speaker 2: on a regular basis. The reports have been called the 38 00:02:29,840 --> 00:02:32,120 Speaker 2: State of our Unions, and they've been kind of chronicling 39 00:02:32,160 --> 00:02:35,119 Speaker 2: the fortunes of marriage in America, and I started doing 40 00:02:35,120 --> 00:02:38,079 Speaker 2: this with an eye towards how marriage matters for children. 41 00:02:38,720 --> 00:02:40,920 Speaker 2: As I've been talking to students here at UVA, particularly 42 00:02:41,120 --> 00:02:43,440 Speaker 2: young women at the university, there's just kind of more 43 00:02:43,480 --> 00:02:46,120 Speaker 2: and more concern but I'm hearing from them about kind 44 00:02:46,120 --> 00:02:49,320 Speaker 2: of their dating options. They tend to outnumber men here 45 00:02:49,360 --> 00:02:51,799 Speaker 2: at UV Obviously, they also kind of would say that 46 00:02:51,840 --> 00:02:53,400 Speaker 2: a lot of the guys are not really interested in 47 00:02:53,440 --> 00:02:55,480 Speaker 2: commitment or don't seem to be kind of focused on 48 00:02:55,520 --> 00:02:58,760 Speaker 2: a long term relationship. So now I've been writing and 49 00:02:58,760 --> 00:03:01,959 Speaker 2: thinking a lot more about the importance of marriage for adults, 50 00:03:02,240 --> 00:03:04,480 Speaker 2: and this book is designed in part to kind of 51 00:03:04,520 --> 00:03:08,640 Speaker 2: give people a roadmap for kind of getting married and 52 00:03:08,680 --> 00:03:11,120 Speaker 2: also kind of a rationale for focusing a lot more 53 00:03:11,160 --> 00:03:14,519 Speaker 2: in their twenties and thirties on not only getting married, 54 00:03:14,520 --> 00:03:17,240 Speaker 2: but I'm forging a strong and stable marriage as well. 55 00:03:17,440 --> 00:03:19,920 Speaker 2: So that's sort of where I've gone with the National 56 00:03:19,919 --> 00:03:23,480 Speaker 2: Marriage Project here at the University of Virginia. 57 00:03:23,639 --> 00:03:26,440 Speaker 1: It's interesting because young adults, those under the age of thirty, 58 00:03:27,000 --> 00:03:31,200 Speaker 1: feel higher rates of loneliness compared to any other generation. 59 00:03:32,200 --> 00:03:36,280 Speaker 1: February twenty twenty three, Gallipol found the seventeen percent of 60 00:03:36,280 --> 00:03:39,600 Speaker 1: Americans said they felt loneliness throughout most of the day. 61 00:03:40,000 --> 00:03:43,040 Speaker 1: For young Americans under the age of thirty, that was 62 00:03:43,160 --> 00:03:46,960 Speaker 1: twenty four percent, and those in lower income households earning 63 00:03:47,040 --> 00:03:50,000 Speaker 1: less than twenty four thousand dollars a year twenty seven 64 00:03:50,040 --> 00:03:54,200 Speaker 1: percent suffer higher levels of daily loneliness than older and 65 00:03:54,280 --> 00:03:58,520 Speaker 1: higher income counterparts. I'm very interested in the study that 66 00:03:58,640 --> 00:04:01,520 Speaker 1: was done by Signa or nearly half of all Americans 67 00:04:01,560 --> 00:04:05,400 Speaker 1: report feeling lonely sometimes are always, and that Gen Z 68 00:04:05,720 --> 00:04:09,440 Speaker 1: ages eighteen to twenty two is the loneliest generation with 69 00:04:09,600 --> 00:04:13,760 Speaker 1: seventy nine percent. Think about that, seventy nine percent, eight 70 00:04:13,800 --> 00:04:17,400 Speaker 1: out of every ten feeling lonely at some point. 71 00:04:18,200 --> 00:04:20,760 Speaker 2: What I'm projecting in the book is that at least 72 00:04:20,920 --> 00:04:22,720 Speaker 2: one in three young adults today, you know, folks in 73 00:04:22,760 --> 00:04:25,720 Speaker 2: their twenties like you were just talking about, will never marry. 74 00:04:25,760 --> 00:04:27,560 Speaker 2: So we're sort of seeing what I call the closing 75 00:04:27,600 --> 00:04:31,560 Speaker 2: of the American heart unfolding before us, where we're going 76 00:04:31,600 --> 00:04:35,039 Speaker 2: to see record levels of sort of permanent bachelors and 77 00:04:35,120 --> 00:04:38,600 Speaker 2: permanent bachelorettes. And then also I think record levels of 78 00:04:38,720 --> 00:04:43,839 Speaker 2: childlessness among the twenty something cohort today. So I'm trying 79 00:04:43,880 --> 00:04:47,880 Speaker 2: to do my part to kind of push back against 80 00:04:47,920 --> 00:04:50,240 Speaker 2: this closing of the American heart and kind of give 81 00:04:50,279 --> 00:04:52,880 Speaker 2: people some reasons to be more intentional about dating and 82 00:04:52,960 --> 00:04:55,800 Speaker 2: getting married, and then some advice about how to forge 83 00:04:55,920 --> 00:04:59,680 Speaker 2: strong and stable marriages for this twenty first century. 84 00:05:00,920 --> 00:05:04,760 Speaker 1: Well, what leads you to assume that there's a direct 85 00:05:04,800 --> 00:05:08,960 Speaker 1: correlation between loneliness and marriage. 86 00:05:09,400 --> 00:05:11,480 Speaker 2: So we do know, for instance, from work done by 87 00:05:11,600 --> 00:05:14,960 Speaker 2: Dan Cox, my colleague at AI, that single millennium women 88 00:05:15,000 --> 00:05:18,680 Speaker 2: are twice as like I said, they're often lonely compared 89 00:05:18,720 --> 00:05:21,919 Speaker 2: to their married peers. He's done other work too, just 90 00:05:22,000 --> 00:05:25,920 Speaker 2: kind of drawing an empirical connection between loneliness and marriage. 91 00:05:26,400 --> 00:05:28,800 Speaker 2: We know, too, for some new work done by the 92 00:05:28,960 --> 00:05:33,240 Speaker 2: Rise of Chicago economists that happiness in America has been 93 00:05:33,320 --> 00:05:37,159 Speaker 2: dropping since the early two thousands. And the number one 94 00:05:37,279 --> 00:05:41,240 Speaker 2: factor that this new study from Chicago attributes this to 95 00:05:41,680 --> 00:05:45,200 Speaker 2: is this closing of the American heart, this drop in marriage, 96 00:05:45,200 --> 00:05:49,080 Speaker 2: that's the biggest contributor to declines and happiness in America. 97 00:05:49,160 --> 00:05:51,000 Speaker 2: So obviously I kind of live and work in the 98 00:05:51,000 --> 00:05:53,279 Speaker 2: shadow of Thomas Jefferson. I mean literally, I kind of 99 00:05:53,320 --> 00:05:57,560 Speaker 2: live just sort of below his Monticello and he was 100 00:05:57,600 --> 00:06:00,240 Speaker 2: obviously famous for penning. And my other thing is the 101 00:06:00,279 --> 00:06:03,400 Speaker 2: Declaration of Independence talked about the pursuit of happiness, that 102 00:06:03,480 --> 00:06:06,719 Speaker 2: kind of classic American pursuit, and more and more Americans 103 00:06:06,839 --> 00:06:10,120 Speaker 2: need are having difficulty realizing that pursuit. In a large part, 104 00:06:10,120 --> 00:06:12,760 Speaker 2: I think because they're not able to get married in 105 00:06:12,839 --> 00:06:15,320 Speaker 2: the first place and then stay married in the second place. 106 00:06:16,279 --> 00:06:19,719 Speaker 1: This may be too pragmatic and therefore not necessarily accurate, 107 00:06:20,360 --> 00:06:26,120 Speaker 1: but it strikes me that there's a whole logical pattern. 108 00:06:26,160 --> 00:06:28,800 Speaker 1: If you're living alone and you go home to an 109 00:06:28,800 --> 00:06:33,000 Speaker 1: empty apartment or an empty house rather than being with somebody, 110 00:06:33,600 --> 00:06:36,239 Speaker 1: you almost inherently, I would think, would be more lonely. 111 00:06:36,400 --> 00:06:37,240 Speaker 1: What am I missing? 112 00:06:37,920 --> 00:06:40,800 Speaker 2: No, you're I think, kind of hitting manel right on 113 00:06:40,839 --> 00:06:44,520 Speaker 2: the head. And in the book, one of the things 114 00:06:44,560 --> 00:06:47,800 Speaker 2: that I talk about are the stories of young adults 115 00:06:47,960 --> 00:06:51,440 Speaker 2: in their mid thirties who are lonely. I talk about 116 00:06:51,440 --> 00:06:54,240 Speaker 2: a young man living the outer suburbs of Washington, d C. 117 00:06:54,360 --> 00:06:56,400 Speaker 2: A guy that I'll call Scott, both for the book 118 00:06:56,440 --> 00:06:59,120 Speaker 2: and for now. And here's a guy who's reasonably successful, 119 00:06:59,160 --> 00:07:02,560 Speaker 2: earning six figures, owns a home, he's a defense consultant, 120 00:07:02,800 --> 00:07:05,000 Speaker 2: college degree, all that kind of stuff, and so by 121 00:07:05,080 --> 00:07:06,760 Speaker 2: kind of the sterends of the culture, which kind of 122 00:07:06,800 --> 00:07:08,960 Speaker 2: thinks today that it's all about kind of the job 123 00:07:09,040 --> 00:07:11,720 Speaker 2: and the money and the degree. He should be doing fine, 124 00:07:11,720 --> 00:07:14,000 Speaker 2: but he's not. He says, you know, I've got degrees 125 00:07:14,040 --> 00:07:17,320 Speaker 2: on my wile, I've got accomplishments and certificates, but it 126 00:07:17,400 --> 00:07:20,840 Speaker 2: doesn't mean anything in the end. He told me, he says, 127 00:07:20,880 --> 00:07:22,440 Speaker 2: I have to get up every day and look in 128 00:07:22,480 --> 00:07:26,400 Speaker 2: the mirror and realize I'm alone. I have nobody. A 129 00:07:26,440 --> 00:07:30,160 Speaker 2: young man who's in his mid thirties and keenly feeling 130 00:07:30,200 --> 00:07:33,960 Speaker 2: the lack of a wife and kids. Or take Taylor, 131 00:07:33,960 --> 00:07:37,000 Speaker 2: who lives in the Rocky Mountain West, and she talks 132 00:07:37,000 --> 00:07:40,080 Speaker 2: about kind of prioritizing her career over dating, really with 133 00:07:40,080 --> 00:07:42,720 Speaker 2: a night towards marriage in her twenties, and now she's 134 00:07:42,760 --> 00:07:45,560 Speaker 2: in her mid thirties as well, and a career in 135 00:07:45,600 --> 00:07:48,520 Speaker 2: digital marketing hasn't kind of delivered as much meaning and 136 00:07:48,600 --> 00:07:52,200 Speaker 2: value to her as getting married and having kids. She 137 00:07:52,320 --> 00:07:55,240 Speaker 2: does babysit for her nieces and nephews, and she likes that, 138 00:07:56,000 --> 00:07:58,000 Speaker 2: but she told me, she says, the older I get, 139 00:07:58,440 --> 00:08:01,320 Speaker 2: I'm like you know, is there a chain ants that 140 00:08:01,400 --> 00:08:03,280 Speaker 2: I could have a family of my own right now, 141 00:08:03,440 --> 00:08:05,840 Speaker 2: do fun things with them, fingerpaint whatever. I don't know 142 00:08:05,840 --> 00:08:08,120 Speaker 2: what kids do. So these kind of story is going 143 00:08:08,120 --> 00:08:10,120 Speaker 2: to give you a sense of how obviously there are 144 00:08:10,160 --> 00:08:12,760 Speaker 2: some folks who are flourishing as singles, but we are 145 00:08:12,800 --> 00:08:15,760 Speaker 2: seeing that on a lot of these emotional indicators, from 146 00:08:15,840 --> 00:08:20,640 Speaker 2: loneliness to happiness to life satisfaction, newt that single Americans 147 00:08:20,720 --> 00:08:23,120 Speaker 2: today are more likely to be floundering, and even more 148 00:08:23,160 --> 00:08:25,520 Speaker 2: so today relative to say, fifteen years ago. 149 00:08:26,200 --> 00:08:30,960 Speaker 1: Is being lonely lead them to focus on trying to 150 00:08:31,000 --> 00:08:33,880 Speaker 1: find somebody or does it lead them to assume this 151 00:08:33,960 --> 00:08:35,120 Speaker 1: is an unavoidable fate. 152 00:08:35,880 --> 00:08:38,040 Speaker 2: I think in some cases it makes them more intentional 153 00:08:38,080 --> 00:08:43,559 Speaker 2: about dating or putting themselves into social situations, whether it's 154 00:08:43,640 --> 00:08:45,920 Speaker 2: you know, the office Christmas party or the local church 155 00:08:46,240 --> 00:08:50,160 Speaker 2: or volunteering at the local food bank if you want 156 00:08:50,200 --> 00:08:51,319 Speaker 2: to get married, those are the kinds of things that 157 00:08:51,360 --> 00:08:54,400 Speaker 2: I think would be helpful to do. But in other cases, 158 00:08:54,440 --> 00:08:56,720 Speaker 2: and I think Scott's story is kind of an example 159 00:08:56,760 --> 00:08:59,160 Speaker 2: of this. There seems to me there's kind of a 160 00:08:59,280 --> 00:09:02,400 Speaker 2: vicious cycle or once you kind of feel like marriage 161 00:09:02,440 --> 00:09:05,840 Speaker 2: is beyond your grasp, then you are more likely to 162 00:09:05,920 --> 00:09:11,000 Speaker 2: kind of potentially retreat from social life. In Scott's case, 163 00:09:11,000 --> 00:09:13,880 Speaker 2: actually religious life. He became less religious than he was 164 00:09:13,920 --> 00:09:16,520 Speaker 2: as a twenty something guy. So that's obviously the more 165 00:09:16,600 --> 00:09:18,600 Speaker 2: negative response to a situation like that. 166 00:09:19,000 --> 00:09:22,560 Speaker 1: I like your term, the closing of the American heart 167 00:09:22,640 --> 00:09:23,439 Speaker 1: is that yours. 168 00:09:23,840 --> 00:09:26,840 Speaker 2: It is Yep. It's one of the sort of phrases 169 00:09:26,840 --> 00:09:27,839 Speaker 2: that I talk about in the book. 170 00:09:28,200 --> 00:09:30,320 Speaker 1: I think in a sense you're suggesting that for a 171 00:09:30,320 --> 00:09:33,560 Speaker 1: lot of people who are lonely, they really find it 172 00:09:33,600 --> 00:09:36,760 Speaker 1: hard to open their heart to somebody else. 173 00:09:37,760 --> 00:09:40,200 Speaker 2: Yeah, that's correct. But I also think, and you know, 174 00:09:40,200 --> 00:09:41,920 Speaker 2: I know you've been talking a lot about sort of 175 00:09:42,120 --> 00:09:44,520 Speaker 2: technology and social media, and what I also think to 176 00:09:44,600 --> 00:09:48,040 Speaker 2: it's just the nature of the beast since twenty ten, 177 00:09:48,360 --> 00:09:52,640 Speaker 2: that screen time is competing with social time and dating 178 00:09:52,720 --> 00:09:55,240 Speaker 2: time and opportunity. So that's also part of challenge that's 179 00:09:55,280 --> 00:09:55,959 Speaker 2: facing us too. 180 00:09:56,240 --> 00:09:59,560 Speaker 1: It raises an interesting question. I think a generation ago, 181 00:09:59,559 --> 00:10:01,480 Speaker 1: I would have said that it was the pressure of 182 00:10:02,440 --> 00:10:05,920 Speaker 1: employment and focusing on your job and deciding that you 183 00:10:05,920 --> 00:10:09,200 Speaker 1: couldn't do both. The sort of the whole liberation of 184 00:10:09,240 --> 00:10:12,000 Speaker 1: women and Betty Free Dan and that kind of thing. 185 00:10:12,559 --> 00:10:16,400 Speaker 1: But I run into young people who are so immersed 186 00:10:17,080 --> 00:10:22,160 Speaker 1: in their phone that they literally don't have very good 187 00:10:22,160 --> 00:10:25,920 Speaker 1: ability to talk to people. Correct. Yes, they'll text you 188 00:10:25,960 --> 00:10:27,640 Speaker 1: even if you're in the same room. 189 00:10:28,200 --> 00:10:30,199 Speaker 2: Yeah. No. I was at a July fourth party or 190 00:10:30,280 --> 00:10:33,520 Speaker 2: in Charlottesville, Virginia, not too long ago, and there were 191 00:10:33,520 --> 00:10:35,600 Speaker 2: a bunch of teenagers sitting on the front lawn preparing 192 00:10:35,640 --> 00:10:38,680 Speaker 2: to watch the fireworks go off. And they were sitting 193 00:10:38,800 --> 00:10:40,839 Speaker 2: on the lawn. Some of them are talking, but many 194 00:10:40,840 --> 00:10:42,959 Speaker 2: of them are just texting. And as you were saying, 195 00:10:43,000 --> 00:10:45,840 Speaker 2: they were texting one another, which was just so shocking. 196 00:10:46,000 --> 00:10:47,320 Speaker 2: So I talked about this in terms of kind of 197 00:10:47,320 --> 00:10:49,680 Speaker 2: in the book as sort of our electronic opiates today, 198 00:10:49,679 --> 00:10:52,160 Speaker 2: and it's both you know, our phones, but also think 199 00:10:52,240 --> 00:10:54,760 Speaker 2: looking for teenage boys and young men and even middle 200 00:10:54,760 --> 00:10:58,320 Speaker 2: aged guys too. Nowadays it's the Xbox, it's gaming as 201 00:10:58,480 --> 00:11:01,959 Speaker 2: things that are drawing us away from in person connections. 202 00:11:19,440 --> 00:11:23,480 Speaker 1: You have loneliness, you have people who are not getting married. 203 00:11:23,840 --> 00:11:25,720 Speaker 1: But then you go a step further and you say 204 00:11:25,760 --> 00:11:30,520 Speaker 1: that marriage is the key to saving civilization. I mean 205 00:11:30,520 --> 00:11:34,000 Speaker 1: that's a pretty big claim. Why do you believe that, Well, I. 206 00:11:33,960 --> 00:11:36,120 Speaker 2: Think, as you probably know well and maybe more than others. 207 00:11:36,120 --> 00:11:37,920 Speaker 2: And there's obviously a lot of folks who think that 208 00:11:38,000 --> 00:11:41,320 Speaker 2: who is the next occupant of the White House is 209 00:11:41,360 --> 00:11:44,080 Speaker 2: the most important kind of issue facing our country. And 210 00:11:44,080 --> 00:11:46,000 Speaker 2: why I don't want to minimize the importance of the election. 211 00:11:46,080 --> 00:11:48,160 Speaker 2: I want to sort of stress that kind of who's 212 00:11:48,200 --> 00:11:51,079 Speaker 2: in our house, you know, who's in my kid's house, 213 00:11:51,200 --> 00:11:53,160 Speaker 2: you know, is often more important than who's in the 214 00:11:53,160 --> 00:11:55,960 Speaker 2: White House. Right. So the point there is that, you know, 215 00:11:55,960 --> 00:11:59,600 Speaker 2: as Jefferson said, he talked about life, liberty and as 216 00:11:59,600 --> 00:12:02,240 Speaker 2: I mentioned, the pursuit of happiness, and when it comes 217 00:12:02,280 --> 00:12:04,800 Speaker 2: to life, we're seeing We've got a new study coming 218 00:12:04,800 --> 00:12:08,440 Speaker 2: out these family studies from the Brooking scholar Jonathan Rothwell, 219 00:12:08,520 --> 00:12:12,320 Speaker 2: is that the number one predictor of deaths of despair 220 00:12:12,400 --> 00:12:15,840 Speaker 2: across America is marriage rates. So, especially when working class 221 00:12:15,920 --> 00:12:18,800 Speaker 2: men are not getting married, not staying married, much more 222 00:12:18,840 --> 00:12:23,319 Speaker 2: likely to succumb to alcoholism, drug abuse, or direct suicide. 223 00:12:23,559 --> 00:12:26,200 Speaker 2: When it comes to liberty, I think you can appreciate 224 00:12:26,280 --> 00:12:29,000 Speaker 2: that one of the biggest drivers of the growth in 225 00:12:29,040 --> 00:12:32,520 Speaker 2: the federal bureaucracy is the falling fortunes of marriage and 226 00:12:32,520 --> 00:12:35,040 Speaker 2: the stable two parent family. But then also kind we 227 00:12:35,120 --> 00:12:37,920 Speaker 2: know that the strongest predictor of the health of the 228 00:12:37,960 --> 00:12:40,640 Speaker 2: American dream is to share of two parent families in 229 00:12:40,679 --> 00:12:43,480 Speaker 2: a community. This is from work by Rosh Chatty at Harvard, 230 00:12:43,600 --> 00:12:45,920 Speaker 2: So kind of think about that is one expression of 231 00:12:45,960 --> 00:12:49,520 Speaker 2: positive liberty America. Can you make it in America? And 232 00:12:49,559 --> 00:12:51,480 Speaker 2: if you come from a neighborhood, a community where there 233 00:12:51,520 --> 00:12:53,440 Speaker 2: are lots of two parent families and you're a poor kid, 234 00:12:54,080 --> 00:12:57,320 Speaker 2: your odds of realizing that dream are much much higher. 235 00:12:57,360 --> 00:12:59,040 Speaker 2: But if you come from a neighborhood where's lots of 236 00:12:59,040 --> 00:13:03,080 Speaker 2: single parent families, they're much much lower. And then, as 237 00:13:03,120 --> 00:13:05,680 Speaker 2: I said before, the macro level, the biggest happiness factor 238 00:13:05,760 --> 00:13:09,040 Speaker 2: is marriage trends. And then for individuals, what my book 239 00:13:09,120 --> 00:13:12,800 Speaker 2: shows is the top predictor of happiness for both men 240 00:13:12,880 --> 00:13:16,480 Speaker 2: and women is not money, it's not their job, it's 241 00:13:16,520 --> 00:13:21,040 Speaker 2: not sexual frequency, it's the quality of their marriage. And 242 00:13:21,080 --> 00:13:23,959 Speaker 2: so happily married folks are just doing way better than 243 00:13:24,000 --> 00:13:26,400 Speaker 2: their fellow Americans who are not happily married and their 244 00:13:26,360 --> 00:13:28,240 Speaker 2: fellow Americans who are single. 245 00:13:28,920 --> 00:13:30,760 Speaker 1: How do you reverse this? Let me back up a 246 00:13:30,800 --> 00:13:33,360 Speaker 1: second and to say, I think this also fits into 247 00:13:34,440 --> 00:13:38,160 Speaker 1: the explosion of drug addiction, the explosion of homelessness, the 248 00:13:38,160 --> 00:13:41,360 Speaker 1: explosion of violence caused by people who are mentally ill, 249 00:13:41,880 --> 00:13:46,120 Speaker 1: because in fact, the system can't accommodate and help people 250 00:13:46,160 --> 00:13:49,360 Speaker 1: come to grips with life. And so you have a 251 00:13:49,559 --> 00:13:53,840 Speaker 1: substantial number of people who are basically damaged by the 252 00:13:53,880 --> 00:13:57,560 Speaker 1: act of living in isolation and the act of having 253 00:13:57,600 --> 00:14:00,840 Speaker 1: no support mechanisms. So how do you turn that around? 254 00:14:01,640 --> 00:14:04,560 Speaker 2: So I think obviously part of the subtitle is defy 255 00:14:04,640 --> 00:14:06,679 Speaker 2: the Elites. And when I first kind of released the 256 00:14:06,720 --> 00:14:09,360 Speaker 2: notice of the book, there are lots of smart journalists, 257 00:14:09,440 --> 00:14:11,880 Speaker 2: elite journalists who are pushing back and they're single. Elites 258 00:14:11,880 --> 00:14:13,520 Speaker 2: are doing great, Brad, what are you talking about the 259 00:14:13,600 --> 00:14:15,880 Speaker 2: by elites? And my point is that too many of 260 00:14:15,880 --> 00:14:18,959 Speaker 2: our elites talk left and walk right when it comes 261 00:14:18,960 --> 00:14:20,680 Speaker 2: to marriage and family. I have a piece in The 262 00:14:20,680 --> 00:14:24,080 Speaker 2: Atlantic coming on in this next week, and the idea 263 00:14:24,160 --> 00:14:27,280 Speaker 2: there is that they themselves are kind of living marriage 264 00:14:27,680 --> 00:14:33,040 Speaker 2: focused lives, family focused lives oftentimes, but they're presiding over 265 00:14:33,400 --> 00:14:40,040 Speaker 2: Hollywood enterprises, or legislation in Congress, or journalistic articles hearing 266 00:14:40,040 --> 00:14:45,400 Speaker 2: in mainstream outlets that are basically denigrating or devaluing marriage 267 00:14:45,480 --> 00:14:47,680 Speaker 2: or kind of minimizing its importance. In the book, I 268 00:14:47,720 --> 00:14:50,320 Speaker 2: talk about a piece that came out when I was 269 00:14:50,320 --> 00:14:53,160 Speaker 2: finishing up the book, was trending on Twitter from Bloomberg 270 00:14:53,280 --> 00:14:56,400 Speaker 2: that said that women who stay single and don't have 271 00:14:56,560 --> 00:15:00,680 Speaker 2: kids are getting richer, and it kind of basic presented 272 00:15:00,720 --> 00:15:03,960 Speaker 2: a story that suggested that marriage and motherhood were pathways 273 00:15:04,000 --> 00:15:06,680 Speaker 2: to emiseration and misrious. It's all the women who were 274 00:15:06,760 --> 00:15:10,120 Speaker 2: kind of profiled, who were single and childless. We're doing wonderfully, 275 00:15:10,720 --> 00:15:12,760 Speaker 2: and we're now actually kind of getting this message too 276 00:15:12,960 --> 00:15:15,960 Speaker 2: from the online right people like entertain as well. So 277 00:15:16,000 --> 00:15:18,000 Speaker 2: I think part of the challenge is to kind of 278 00:15:18,040 --> 00:15:21,000 Speaker 2: encourage our elites broadly to find, whether it's in the 279 00:15:21,040 --> 00:15:25,040 Speaker 2: c suite or up on Capitol Hill, to do a 280 00:15:25,040 --> 00:15:31,120 Speaker 2: better job of passing legislation, running stories, having scripts and 281 00:15:31,160 --> 00:15:33,880 Speaker 2: movies that paint not a kind of rose colored view 282 00:15:33,920 --> 00:15:37,040 Speaker 2: of marriage and family new, but one that's actually truthful. 283 00:15:37,240 --> 00:15:38,920 Speaker 2: I think that would be helpful in terms of just 284 00:15:39,000 --> 00:15:42,240 Speaker 2: changing the culture. On the policy front, I think tackling 285 00:15:42,280 --> 00:15:44,480 Speaker 2: the marriage penalty embedded in a lot of our means 286 00:15:44,520 --> 00:15:47,080 Speaker 2: tested programs and policies would help working class families who 287 00:15:47,080 --> 00:15:50,440 Speaker 2: often face pretty big penalties and things like medicaid from 288 00:15:50,480 --> 00:15:54,239 Speaker 2: getting married. When it comes to our churches, having more ministries, 289 00:15:54,360 --> 00:15:57,000 Speaker 2: like there's a mystry called Comunio which is serving Catholic 290 00:15:57,080 --> 00:16:00,840 Speaker 2: and Protestant churches across the US. Upping their game on 291 00:16:01,200 --> 00:16:03,240 Speaker 2: the marriage front, I think would be a helpful thing. 292 00:16:03,840 --> 00:16:04,520 Speaker 1: And then I think. 293 00:16:04,400 --> 00:16:07,480 Speaker 2: Frankly trying to figure out ways to help families, both 294 00:16:07,520 --> 00:16:10,680 Speaker 2: with legislation on Capitol Hill, but also with kind of 295 00:16:10,720 --> 00:16:14,479 Speaker 2: just advice about ways to kind of tame the technological 296 00:16:14,560 --> 00:16:18,320 Speaker 2: beast and to kind of help families have both parents 297 00:16:18,360 --> 00:16:22,440 Speaker 2: and teens kind of put their phones in the kitchen corner, 298 00:16:22,920 --> 00:16:25,200 Speaker 2: you know, when they come home, and leave them there 299 00:16:25,240 --> 00:16:28,720 Speaker 2: for the duration of most of their evening or weekend. 300 00:16:29,120 --> 00:16:30,400 Speaker 2: There's more that I say in the book. We just 301 00:16:30,440 --> 00:16:32,320 Speaker 2: have to be I think more intentional on number of friends, 302 00:16:32,400 --> 00:16:36,040 Speaker 2: the cultural front, the policy front, the religious front, and 303 00:16:36,080 --> 00:16:37,520 Speaker 2: then to what we're doing in our homes to kind 304 00:16:37,520 --> 00:16:41,200 Speaker 2: of build a culture that's more family friendly. 305 00:16:41,400 --> 00:16:44,640 Speaker 1: And you make a point that actually ethnicity is the 306 00:16:44,760 --> 00:16:50,680 Speaker 1: largest single predictor of marriage rates. Can you expand on that? 307 00:16:51,640 --> 00:16:53,400 Speaker 2: Yeah, So one of the things that I did was 308 00:16:53,480 --> 00:16:55,880 Speaker 2: kind of talk about there's a lot of bad news 309 00:16:55,880 --> 00:16:58,080 Speaker 2: to discuss when it comes to marriage and family America today, 310 00:16:58,080 --> 00:17:01,040 Speaker 2: but there's good news as well. And one piece of 311 00:17:01,080 --> 00:17:02,880 Speaker 2: the good news in the book is there are four 312 00:17:02,920 --> 00:17:06,480 Speaker 2: groups of Americans who are flourishing relatively speaking when it 313 00:17:06,480 --> 00:17:09,360 Speaker 2: comes to marriage. One is Asian Americans, as you just mentioned, 314 00:17:09,400 --> 00:17:13,000 Speaker 2: One is religious Americans, another is what I call strivers 315 00:17:13,000 --> 00:17:16,119 Speaker 2: Americans who are college educative, kind of more long term orientation, 316 00:17:16,720 --> 00:17:20,959 Speaker 2: professional orientation that's financially bet avential for families. And then 317 00:17:21,040 --> 00:17:23,240 Speaker 2: conservative Americans are the fourth group that are more likely 318 00:17:23,240 --> 00:17:25,680 Speaker 2: to be doing well on the marriage front. And when 319 00:17:25,680 --> 00:17:28,120 Speaker 2: it comes to that first group, Asian Americans, we see 320 00:17:28,119 --> 00:17:30,080 Speaker 2: that they're more likely to be getting married in the 321 00:17:30,080 --> 00:17:33,240 Speaker 2: first place and staying married in the second place. In fact, 322 00:17:33,280 --> 00:17:36,119 Speaker 2: there's no group of Americans new who are more likely 323 00:17:36,240 --> 00:17:40,639 Speaker 2: to be both married and stably married than Indian Americans, 324 00:17:40,760 --> 00:17:44,080 Speaker 2: especially immigrants directly from India. So it kind of just 325 00:17:44,119 --> 00:17:46,520 Speaker 2: gives you some sense that what we're talking about is 326 00:17:46,560 --> 00:17:49,320 Speaker 2: not just about money and class. It's also about culture. 327 00:17:49,760 --> 00:17:51,359 Speaker 2: And I think we can all appreciate the ways in 328 00:17:51,400 --> 00:17:54,680 Speaker 2: which the Indian culture has been for a very long 329 00:17:54,720 --> 00:17:57,800 Speaker 2: time pretty marriage minded. 330 00:17:58,440 --> 00:18:00,520 Speaker 1: Do you see any of that spreading. I mean, is 331 00:18:00,560 --> 00:18:04,000 Speaker 1: it literally limited to those ethnic pockets. 332 00:18:04,400 --> 00:18:07,119 Speaker 2: Well, I think we have seen just in the elite 333 00:18:07,160 --> 00:18:10,119 Speaker 2: circles that I track. There was a book published this 334 00:18:10,280 --> 00:18:13,000 Speaker 2: fall called The Two Parent Privilege by Melissa Kearney, an 335 00:18:13,000 --> 00:18:17,960 Speaker 2: economist at Brookings of all places, and very positive kind 336 00:18:17,960 --> 00:18:20,440 Speaker 2: of take on marriage and kids. Got a lot of 337 00:18:20,480 --> 00:18:22,840 Speaker 2: good attention, So I think that's a helpful sign. My 338 00:18:22,880 --> 00:18:25,879 Speaker 2: book obviously advances the conversation too in the media and 339 00:18:25,920 --> 00:18:29,360 Speaker 2: other venues, but beyond Asian Americans, Yeah, I do think 340 00:18:29,480 --> 00:18:32,119 Speaker 2: we see certainly in the religious world there are new 341 00:18:32,160 --> 00:18:34,359 Speaker 2: ministries like the one I've just mentioned, Comenial that's serving 342 00:18:34,359 --> 00:18:36,120 Speaker 2: a lot of churches across the US, and my own 343 00:18:36,400 --> 00:18:40,479 Speaker 2: parish here in Charlottesville, Virginia. There's been an uptick in 344 00:18:40,640 --> 00:18:44,200 Speaker 2: young marriages from Catholic Who's that's the Catholic student group 345 00:18:44,240 --> 00:18:47,760 Speaker 2: at the University of Virginia. And I've never seen a 346 00:18:47,760 --> 00:18:50,919 Speaker 2: group of Catholic students at EVA, and I've been in 347 00:18:50,920 --> 00:18:52,800 Speaker 2: touch with them for the last twenty years who've been 348 00:18:52,880 --> 00:18:56,800 Speaker 2: so kind of focused on dating and marriage, you know, 349 00:18:56,920 --> 00:19:01,359 Speaker 2: recognizing that the broader culture is having a lot of difficulty. 350 00:19:01,480 --> 00:19:03,520 Speaker 2: So there are some I think what we might call 351 00:19:03,600 --> 00:19:06,080 Speaker 2: points of light on the horizon. But I also want 352 00:19:06,119 --> 00:19:07,680 Speaker 2: to be honest with you, nid, I think that sort 353 00:19:07,720 --> 00:19:10,320 Speaker 2: of for the broader society, the trends are not going 354 00:19:10,359 --> 00:19:12,040 Speaker 2: to be good, at least for the short term, and 355 00:19:12,080 --> 00:19:14,879 Speaker 2: so we've got to be more intentional about giving people 356 00:19:14,960 --> 00:19:17,359 Speaker 2: kind of a roadmap that will kind of bring them 357 00:19:17,400 --> 00:19:20,440 Speaker 2: to higher ground and avoid what I would sorter of 358 00:19:20,480 --> 00:19:23,560 Speaker 2: view as a kind of demographic tsunami that's coming our 359 00:19:23,600 --> 00:19:26,879 Speaker 2: way since across from East Asia, across the Pacific and 360 00:19:26,920 --> 00:19:29,040 Speaker 2: going to be hitting our shores in the coming years. 361 00:19:29,680 --> 00:19:34,639 Speaker 1: I'll mentioned a while ago that there are legal consequences 362 00:19:34,680 --> 00:19:37,840 Speaker 1: to getting married that are negative that frankly I thought 363 00:19:37,840 --> 00:19:39,760 Speaker 1: we had taken out of the system. Do you know, 364 00:19:39,880 --> 00:19:43,280 Speaker 1: has anybody put together if a new administration came in 365 00:19:43,720 --> 00:19:46,960 Speaker 1: and they wanted to be strongly pro marriage, has anybody 366 00:19:47,000 --> 00:19:49,760 Speaker 1: put together a list of the things that should be 367 00:19:49,840 --> 00:19:51,840 Speaker 1: repealed or the things that should be changed. 368 00:19:53,040 --> 00:19:55,440 Speaker 2: So I have a chapter with an AI volume that's 369 00:19:55,440 --> 00:19:56,960 Speaker 2: going to do some of that. But yeah, I've got 370 00:19:56,960 --> 00:19:59,720 Speaker 2: some ideas about how, for instance, to tackle the marriage 371 00:19:59,720 --> 00:20:03,240 Speaker 2: panel in our means tested programs, Things like Medicaid would 372 00:20:03,240 --> 00:20:05,920 Speaker 2: be one example. They're income tax, but it would be 373 00:20:05,920 --> 00:20:08,920 Speaker 2: a different example. The food stamps would be a third example. 374 00:20:09,240 --> 00:20:11,359 Speaker 2: I also think it'd be helpful too, both at the 375 00:20:11,400 --> 00:20:14,640 Speaker 2: federal and the state and local levels, to talk about 376 00:20:14,640 --> 00:20:17,360 Speaker 2: what's called the success sequence, which means is I think 377 00:20:17,400 --> 00:20:20,280 Speaker 2: you probably know encouraging young adults to get at least 378 00:20:20,280 --> 00:20:22,919 Speaker 2: a high school degree, work full time in their twenties, 379 00:20:23,000 --> 00:20:25,520 Speaker 2: and get married before having children. If you kind of 380 00:20:25,520 --> 00:20:28,679 Speaker 2: follow those three steps, your odds are being poor just 381 00:20:28,760 --> 00:20:31,200 Speaker 2: three percent, and your odds of being in the middle 382 00:20:31,200 --> 00:20:33,320 Speaker 2: class or higher eighty six percent as you head into 383 00:20:33,359 --> 00:20:35,800 Speaker 2: your late twenties and thirties. I think too many of 384 00:20:35,800 --> 00:20:39,000 Speaker 2: you young adults don't appreciate how much not just actually marriage, 385 00:20:39,040 --> 00:20:42,600 Speaker 2: but even full time work we're seeing. I think troublingly, 386 00:20:42,680 --> 00:20:45,560 Speaker 2: a large number of young men, you know, especially young 387 00:20:45,600 --> 00:20:47,320 Speaker 2: men who are not that kind of striver or that 388 00:20:47,400 --> 00:20:51,359 Speaker 2: college track, are not working full time. They're kind of 389 00:20:51,359 --> 00:20:54,399 Speaker 2: moving in and out of different gigs, whether it's driving 390 00:20:54,520 --> 00:20:58,840 Speaker 2: uber or working at a fast food restaurant. Also saying 391 00:20:58,880 --> 00:21:01,320 Speaker 2: visa via the whole Mayor and Love issue, that a 392 00:21:01,359 --> 00:21:04,000 Speaker 2: lot of working class couples are couples now where she 393 00:21:04,200 --> 00:21:07,199 Speaker 2: works more hours than he does, makes more money than 394 00:21:07,240 --> 00:21:09,520 Speaker 2: he does, and she also does more of the housework 395 00:21:09,800 --> 00:21:12,000 Speaker 2: and if they've got kids, childcare, and that's obviously a 396 00:21:12,040 --> 00:21:16,680 Speaker 2: recipe for relationship disaster. So we've got to be thinking 397 00:21:16,680 --> 00:21:21,080 Speaker 2: about that issue as well, encouraging young adults to appreciate 398 00:21:21,080 --> 00:21:23,720 Speaker 2: the value of marriage and work, especially for young men. 399 00:21:23,960 --> 00:21:26,280 Speaker 1: You also talk a little bit about the concept which 400 00:21:26,320 --> 00:21:29,080 Speaker 1: I frankly had not heard of, about the rise of 401 00:21:29,119 --> 00:21:31,040 Speaker 1: the I mean, I may say this wrong, but the 402 00:21:31,080 --> 00:21:36,160 Speaker 1: trad wife social media. What is that all about. That's 403 00:21:36,160 --> 00:21:38,080 Speaker 1: totally new to me until I saw your book. 404 00:21:38,680 --> 00:21:41,320 Speaker 2: So there is kind of, like, as we can I appreciate, 405 00:21:41,400 --> 00:21:44,359 Speaker 2: there's a way in which social media kind of balkanizes. 406 00:21:44,440 --> 00:21:47,920 Speaker 2: It creates all these different subcultures across the spectrum, and 407 00:21:48,000 --> 00:21:50,600 Speaker 2: one of them is kind of the tradwife subculture. It's 408 00:21:50,720 --> 00:21:55,440 Speaker 2: kind of, you know, basically urging women to embrace marriage, 409 00:21:55,600 --> 00:22:00,880 Speaker 2: motherhood and traditional roles and kind of celebrating domesticity, femininity, 410 00:22:01,320 --> 00:22:05,960 Speaker 2: beautiful dresses, beautiful kitchens and homes and meals and all that, 411 00:22:06,080 --> 00:22:08,720 Speaker 2: caring for kids. And we've seen some of that, particularly 412 00:22:08,720 --> 00:22:10,560 Speaker 2: in the Mormon community, in the last decade, but and 413 00:22:10,600 --> 00:22:12,560 Speaker 2: it's now kind of spread to many other parts of 414 00:22:12,600 --> 00:22:15,280 Speaker 2: the internet as well, So that's certainly part of what 415 00:22:15,320 --> 00:22:17,320 Speaker 2: we're seeing now. But when it comes to kind of 416 00:22:17,359 --> 00:22:19,480 Speaker 2: how does this sort of play out for ordinary couples, 417 00:22:19,640 --> 00:22:22,560 Speaker 2: I've got a kind of somewhat of a complicated message 418 00:22:22,560 --> 00:22:25,119 Speaker 2: in the book in terms of gender. So what I 419 00:22:25,160 --> 00:22:28,080 Speaker 2: see is that for women, for instance, having a husband 420 00:22:28,080 --> 00:22:34,240 Speaker 2: who had embody some classic masculine traits like protectiveness and 421 00:22:34,320 --> 00:22:38,000 Speaker 2: being a good provider and being even physically strong, these 422 00:22:38,040 --> 00:22:40,240 Speaker 2: are all things that women across the spectrum tend to 423 00:22:40,240 --> 00:22:42,960 Speaker 2: appreciate in men. But when it comes to kind of 424 00:22:43,000 --> 00:22:46,800 Speaker 2: how you divide work in family, not seeing a huge 425 00:22:46,840 --> 00:22:50,040 Speaker 2: connection for kind of the average woman to her happiness. 426 00:22:50,520 --> 00:22:52,840 Speaker 2: So I kind of bundless together and knew as a 427 00:22:52,920 --> 00:22:56,240 Speaker 2: kind of a neo traditional model is sort of on 428 00:22:56,480 --> 00:23:00,560 Speaker 2: average often attractive for today's married women, especially mary moms, 429 00:23:01,119 --> 00:23:03,680 Speaker 2: and that traditional pieces are still looking for guys who 430 00:23:03,680 --> 00:23:06,600 Speaker 2: are reliable providers and are protective of them in a 431 00:23:06,680 --> 00:23:10,520 Speaker 2: variety of contexts socially, physically, et cetera. But they're also 432 00:23:11,520 --> 00:23:14,440 Speaker 2: looking for guys who are engaged with the kids across 433 00:23:14,480 --> 00:23:19,000 Speaker 2: the ideological spectrum. Engaged dads are definitely appreciated by women, 434 00:23:19,359 --> 00:23:22,000 Speaker 2: but how you kind of divide up housework and paid 435 00:23:22,040 --> 00:23:25,000 Speaker 2: work is pretty flexible today in terms of how that 436 00:23:25,520 --> 00:23:29,000 Speaker 2: connects up to merrital happiness. For today's women, there are. 437 00:23:28,920 --> 00:23:32,320 Speaker 1: A variety of ways to be positive in a long 438 00:23:32,400 --> 00:23:35,440 Speaker 1: term relationship. Is that part of your message when. 439 00:23:35,240 --> 00:23:37,840 Speaker 2: It comes to the division of housework and paid work. 440 00:23:37,920 --> 00:23:40,400 Speaker 2: What I'm basically saying here is that there's no one 441 00:23:40,520 --> 00:23:46,320 Speaker 2: model today that correlates consistently with a better outcome, and 442 00:23:46,359 --> 00:23:49,080 Speaker 2: that would be I think kind of maybe good news 443 00:23:49,119 --> 00:23:51,600 Speaker 2: for folks in the center of these sort of gender wars. 444 00:23:52,119 --> 00:23:55,359 Speaker 2: I think where my conclusions would be more traditional is 445 00:23:55,400 --> 00:23:57,320 Speaker 2: just sort of saying I think there are important ways 446 00:23:57,320 --> 00:23:59,200 Speaker 2: in which women are still looking women on the left 447 00:23:59,320 --> 00:24:06,320 Speaker 2: implicitly for them, oftentimes for guys who are protective, ambitious, hardworking, 448 00:24:06,600 --> 00:24:09,000 Speaker 2: and are employed on a full time basis. So those 449 00:24:09,119 --> 00:24:12,439 Speaker 2: kinds of traits and characteristics are still very much appealing 450 00:24:12,480 --> 00:24:14,640 Speaker 2: to women, even on the left to think of themselves 451 00:24:14,640 --> 00:24:17,439 Speaker 2: as either a galitarian or even say things like gender 452 00:24:17,520 --> 00:24:19,879 Speaker 2: is fluid. But when you kind of push beneath to 453 00:24:19,920 --> 00:24:22,440 Speaker 2: like what makes you happy, you know then they'll talk 454 00:24:22,440 --> 00:24:24,639 Speaker 2: about the way in which you know their husband is 455 00:24:25,000 --> 00:24:28,600 Speaker 2: hardworking or protective or ambitious, even if they're kind of 456 00:24:28,680 --> 00:24:30,600 Speaker 2: ideologically on the left. 457 00:24:30,880 --> 00:24:35,679 Speaker 1: There's this conflict. Though I listened to some of the 458 00:24:35,760 --> 00:24:37,959 Speaker 1: day really surprised me who I've always thought it has 459 00:24:38,000 --> 00:24:42,080 Speaker 1: been pretty liberal, who said, we've had a generation of 460 00:24:42,119 --> 00:24:46,480 Speaker 1: telling young males that their inferior, that they are the problem, 461 00:24:46,560 --> 00:24:48,720 Speaker 1: et cetera. And he said, you know, you do that 462 00:24:48,840 --> 00:24:53,080 Speaker 1: long enough, and you really do have an extraordinary withdrawal 463 00:24:53,720 --> 00:24:56,960 Speaker 1: and an unwillingness to compete. And this goes back to 464 00:24:57,000 --> 00:25:00,679 Speaker 1: books that were written twenty years ago about undermine the 465 00:25:00,680 --> 00:25:03,919 Speaker 1: whole concept of masculinity. So you didn't just have a 466 00:25:03,960 --> 00:25:07,320 Speaker 1: pro feminism, but you had an anti male kind of 467 00:25:07,800 --> 00:25:11,520 Speaker 1: part to that. To what extent is that also combined, 468 00:25:11,560 --> 00:25:15,520 Speaker 1: I think with the ability to amuse yourself with computerized 469 00:25:15,560 --> 00:25:19,400 Speaker 1: games so that you literally on a relatively low income, 470 00:25:19,800 --> 00:25:23,359 Speaker 1: can occupy yourself and feel like you're busy having fun. 471 00:25:23,800 --> 00:25:25,520 Speaker 1: You don't need to go out and do all these things. 472 00:25:26,040 --> 00:25:28,479 Speaker 2: I talk about a male malaise, you know, for younger 473 00:25:28,480 --> 00:25:30,680 Speaker 2: men and teenage boys, and I think it's probably about 474 00:25:30,680 --> 00:25:34,200 Speaker 2: these electronic opiates that give, you know, teenage boys in 475 00:25:34,280 --> 00:25:38,359 Speaker 2: the similar crop right of being that white knight riding 476 00:25:38,400 --> 00:25:41,160 Speaker 2: on your horse, but just doing it all on the xbox. 477 00:25:41,160 --> 00:25:43,439 Speaker 2: So that's part of the problem. And I think the 478 00:25:43,440 --> 00:25:46,280 Speaker 2: other part of the problem is that we're not giving 479 00:25:46,320 --> 00:25:49,439 Speaker 2: young men a constructive model of masculinity, and so they 480 00:25:49,440 --> 00:25:52,040 Speaker 2: gravitate to people like Andrew Tate who kind of give 481 00:25:52,160 --> 00:25:55,159 Speaker 2: them a more misogynistic model of masculinity. And if we 482 00:25:55,720 --> 00:25:59,240 Speaker 2: where as a culture giving young men a distinctive model 483 00:25:59,280 --> 00:26:03,159 Speaker 2: of masculinity that they could buy into and identify with 484 00:26:03,640 --> 00:26:07,720 Speaker 2: and guide their transition into adulthood, we'd be doing a 485 00:26:07,720 --> 00:26:10,000 Speaker 2: lot better by them, but also by dating and marriage 486 00:26:10,000 --> 00:26:10,359 Speaker 2: as well. 487 00:26:28,800 --> 00:26:32,399 Speaker 1: You describe the degree to which very often the next 488 00:26:32,440 --> 00:26:38,199 Speaker 1: generation can't sustain the economic success, particularly if they come 489 00:26:38,240 --> 00:26:41,119 Speaker 1: out of broken homes or situations where they don't end 490 00:26:41,200 --> 00:26:43,600 Speaker 1: up getting married. And I was struck because I just 491 00:26:43,640 --> 00:26:46,840 Speaker 1: saw a study a couple days ago that the five 492 00:26:47,240 --> 00:26:52,600 Speaker 1: wealthiest families in Florence in fourteen seventy one are the 493 00:26:52,720 --> 00:26:57,320 Speaker 1: five wealthiest families in Florence because they have very strong 494 00:26:57,359 --> 00:27:01,280 Speaker 1: family ties, They have a very strong sense of generational obligation. 495 00:27:02,000 --> 00:27:04,879 Speaker 1: Thomas Mann wrote about the Budenbrook cycle where you go 496 00:27:04,960 --> 00:27:08,960 Speaker 1: from shurt sleeves to wealth to shirt sleeves in three generations. Well, 497 00:27:08,960 --> 00:27:11,720 Speaker 1: apparently the medici and others have figured out they don't 498 00:27:11,720 --> 00:27:14,920 Speaker 1: want to do that, and they somehow instill in their 499 00:27:15,000 --> 00:27:17,920 Speaker 1: children the obligation that you are going to manage this, 500 00:27:18,400 --> 00:27:21,160 Speaker 1: you are going to maintain this. And it's worked now 501 00:27:21,200 --> 00:27:23,520 Speaker 1: for five hundred years. 502 00:27:24,280 --> 00:27:26,560 Speaker 2: Yeah, there have been a number of studies in recent years, 503 00:27:26,600 --> 00:27:30,000 Speaker 2: both in England and in Italy kind of in this spirit, 504 00:27:30,200 --> 00:27:32,879 Speaker 2: and it does, I think, remind us that there is 505 00:27:32,920 --> 00:27:35,880 Speaker 2: an intergenerational feature to family life that Americans can lose 506 00:27:35,920 --> 00:27:39,199 Speaker 2: sight of. Kind of tending the fires, you know, on 507 00:27:39,240 --> 00:27:42,520 Speaker 2: the home front can be good for not just you 508 00:27:42,640 --> 00:27:45,439 Speaker 2: and your kids, but even your sense your grandkids. And 509 00:27:45,480 --> 00:27:48,639 Speaker 2: by contrast, if things are not going well in one generation, 510 00:27:48,680 --> 00:27:50,280 Speaker 2: their offer and not going to go well in not 511 00:27:50,320 --> 00:27:52,760 Speaker 2: just the next generation, but the third generation and beyond. 512 00:27:53,280 --> 00:27:55,239 Speaker 1: You make that point from a different angle when you 513 00:27:55,240 --> 00:27:59,960 Speaker 1: point out that males who come from non intact families 514 00:28:00,400 --> 00:28:04,040 Speaker 1: are dramatically more likely to end up in prison. Can 515 00:28:04,080 --> 00:28:06,240 Speaker 1: you comment on the degree to which growing up in 516 00:28:06,280 --> 00:28:12,359 Speaker 1: a sort of chaotic environment contributes to being unable to 517 00:28:12,400 --> 00:28:14,000 Speaker 1: function within a normal framework. 518 00:28:14,800 --> 00:28:17,960 Speaker 2: Yeah, one of the most striking findings in the book 519 00:28:17,960 --> 00:28:20,920 Speaker 2: from my perspective as a scholar and as a social scientist, 520 00:28:20,960 --> 00:28:23,240 Speaker 2: it's just the finding from the NLS Y ninety seven, 521 00:28:23,320 --> 00:28:26,400 Speaker 2: is big federally funded survey that tracks people over time, 522 00:28:27,119 --> 00:28:30,680 Speaker 2: is that boys today who were raised in any kind 523 00:28:30,680 --> 00:28:33,240 Speaker 2: of non intac family basically about twice as likely to 524 00:28:33,320 --> 00:28:37,000 Speaker 2: land in prison or in jail than their male peers 525 00:28:37,000 --> 00:28:41,000 Speaker 2: who are from intact, married families. And more particularly, that 526 00:28:41,080 --> 00:28:43,040 Speaker 2: young men are being raised in non intac families are 527 00:28:43,120 --> 00:28:45,520 Speaker 2: more likely to spend some time in prison or in 528 00:28:45,680 --> 00:28:50,400 Speaker 2: jail than they are to be graduating from college. So 529 00:28:50,400 --> 00:28:51,600 Speaker 2: they're going to get you to give you two sets 530 00:28:51,600 --> 00:28:54,040 Speaker 2: of stats here on this. So young men from intact 531 00:28:54,040 --> 00:28:57,040 Speaker 2: families with mom and dad in the household, thirty eight 532 00:28:57,040 --> 00:28:59,680 Speaker 2: percent of them graduate from college. Only nine percent of 533 00:28:59,680 --> 00:29:01,760 Speaker 2: them would spend some time in Jailberson. You know, it 534 00:29:01,760 --> 00:29:03,680 Speaker 2: could be a night in the cling for a fight 535 00:29:03,680 --> 00:29:07,120 Speaker 2: at the bar, right, but some prisoner jail. By contrast, 536 00:29:07,640 --> 00:29:10,960 Speaker 2: boys being raised by single moms nineteen percent of them 537 00:29:10,960 --> 00:29:13,080 Speaker 2: will spend some time in prison or jail by the 538 00:29:13,120 --> 00:29:16,200 Speaker 2: time they turn thirty. Only fifteen percent of them will 539 00:29:16,240 --> 00:29:19,880 Speaker 2: graduate from college today, So there's just no question when 540 00:29:19,880 --> 00:29:24,160 Speaker 2: it comes to school and problems with the law. Young 541 00:29:24,240 --> 00:29:27,760 Speaker 2: men are more likely to have a pretty negative outcome 542 00:29:27,760 --> 00:29:29,640 Speaker 2: when they don't have their married parents. Now, for girls, 543 00:29:30,200 --> 00:29:32,800 Speaker 2: the story there is more about kind of the emotional piece. 544 00:29:32,960 --> 00:29:35,920 Speaker 2: We see a lot higher lovels of depression sadness for 545 00:29:35,960 --> 00:29:38,440 Speaker 2: girls and non attack families, and that's kind of where 546 00:29:38,480 --> 00:29:40,920 Speaker 2: their kind of family chaos is expressed. And there's a 547 00:29:40,920 --> 00:29:43,400 Speaker 2: new book coming a week after my book by Rob 548 00:29:43,480 --> 00:29:47,520 Speaker 2: Henderson that kind of chronicles he was raised kind of 549 00:29:48,120 --> 00:29:50,440 Speaker 2: a single mom and then foster care and then adoption 550 00:29:50,520 --> 00:29:53,520 Speaker 2: and his adoptive parents got divorced, and his book coming 551 00:29:53,520 --> 00:29:55,360 Speaker 2: out a week after Mind kind of gives you more 552 00:29:55,360 --> 00:29:59,320 Speaker 2: of a personal story about how his fortunes in school 553 00:29:59,320 --> 00:30:03,520 Speaker 2: and life and flowed with the stability of his family background. 554 00:30:03,920 --> 00:30:07,000 Speaker 1: But as you look at all this, are you optimistic 555 00:30:07,120 --> 00:30:09,280 Speaker 1: or pessimistic that we can turn this around? 556 00:30:10,160 --> 00:30:12,480 Speaker 2: I think short term I'm pretty pessimistic. I think that 557 00:30:12,640 --> 00:30:15,480 Speaker 2: the trends are pretty strong right now towards less marriage, 558 00:30:15,960 --> 00:30:18,280 Speaker 2: less stating fewer kids. I think we're going to see 559 00:30:18,320 --> 00:30:20,239 Speaker 2: a record number of young adults today who are going 560 00:30:20,280 --> 00:30:23,280 Speaker 2: to end up kindless, what they call bare branches in China, 561 00:30:23,320 --> 00:30:26,600 Speaker 2: without the benefit of a spouse and children to sustain them, 562 00:30:26,720 --> 00:30:31,480 Speaker 2: especially in midlife and later life, financially, health wise, and 563 00:30:31,560 --> 00:30:34,960 Speaker 2: emotionally too. But I do obviously also show groups that 564 00:30:35,000 --> 00:30:37,880 Speaker 2: are managing to make it marriage wise new and I 565 00:30:37,920 --> 00:30:41,040 Speaker 2: do see efforts in civil society and in my own 566 00:30:41,400 --> 00:30:45,480 Speaker 2: world where people are forging strong families. And I give 567 00:30:45,480 --> 00:30:49,239 Speaker 2: people some advice about how you can yourself kind of 568 00:30:49,440 --> 00:30:52,240 Speaker 2: beat these larger trends. So I think that's sort of 569 00:30:52,240 --> 00:30:53,960 Speaker 2: the helpful note in my book is kind of giving 570 00:30:54,000 --> 00:30:56,920 Speaker 2: people a roadmap for how they themselves can forge a 571 00:30:56,960 --> 00:30:59,560 Speaker 2: strong and stable marriage today. 572 00:31:00,280 --> 00:31:04,880 Speaker 1: I'm really curious how do young people today get marriage advice, 573 00:31:04,920 --> 00:31:08,000 Speaker 1: particularly if they come out of a non traditional background 574 00:31:08,320 --> 00:31:10,560 Speaker 1: and don't have immediate access to in their own family. 575 00:31:11,400 --> 00:31:13,080 Speaker 2: Yeah, and I think a lot of what we're seeing 576 00:31:13,120 --> 00:31:16,200 Speaker 2: is that people are turning to popular shows like Bachelor 577 00:31:16,240 --> 00:31:19,480 Speaker 2: and Bachelorett, and they're turning obviously the Instagram and TikTok too, 578 00:31:19,720 --> 00:31:22,600 Speaker 2: and kind of taking cues from influencers of one stripe 579 00:31:22,640 --> 00:31:25,280 Speaker 2: or another. And I think the challenge with that kind 580 00:31:25,280 --> 00:31:29,240 Speaker 2: of messaging oftentimes is it's more superficial in terms of 581 00:31:29,280 --> 00:31:31,040 Speaker 2: the kind of things that are being stressed, in terms 582 00:31:31,040 --> 00:31:35,719 Speaker 2: of maybe it's looks or humor or charm or money 583 00:31:35,800 --> 00:31:39,400 Speaker 2: as sort of the markers of a good dating partner 584 00:31:39,440 --> 00:31:41,960 Speaker 2: and even a good spouse down the road. I think 585 00:31:42,000 --> 00:31:43,640 Speaker 2: also you can see two in the pop culture and 586 00:31:43,680 --> 00:31:47,800 Speaker 2: over the romanticized understanding of love and marriage. And I've 587 00:31:47,800 --> 00:31:49,320 Speaker 2: got a piece in the Wall State draw coming out 588 00:31:49,320 --> 00:31:51,880 Speaker 2: on what I call the soulmate myth and begin with 589 00:31:52,040 --> 00:31:55,400 Speaker 2: Taylor Swift's song Lover, which again kind of gives us 590 00:31:55,400 --> 00:31:58,360 Speaker 2: a very romantic view about marriage. And I think what 591 00:31:58,520 --> 00:32:00,959 Speaker 2: the challenge we face is kind of letting our young 592 00:32:01,000 --> 00:32:04,200 Speaker 2: adults know that, yes, romance is important. Yes looks and 593 00:32:04,240 --> 00:32:06,360 Speaker 2: money are things worth kind of keeping in mind, but 594 00:32:06,840 --> 00:32:09,520 Speaker 2: when it comes to forging a strong and stable marriage, 595 00:32:09,760 --> 00:32:12,200 Speaker 2: you really need to look for qualities of character, things 596 00:32:12,320 --> 00:32:16,000 Speaker 2: like loyalty, fortitude, fidelity. These are the kinds of virtues. 597 00:32:16,040 --> 00:32:18,960 Speaker 2: It would be part and parcel of a good long 598 00:32:19,040 --> 00:32:22,040 Speaker 2: term relationship, a good marriage, and would be the foundation 599 00:32:22,200 --> 00:32:24,240 Speaker 2: for a strong family life as well. I think that's 600 00:32:24,600 --> 00:32:27,720 Speaker 2: the challenge. And to your point earlier, I think having 601 00:32:27,840 --> 00:32:31,920 Speaker 2: people who are online kind of giving this message in 602 00:32:31,960 --> 00:32:34,520 Speaker 2: accessible and engaging ways is part of what's needed to 603 00:32:34,520 --> 00:32:36,680 Speaker 2: to kind of counter what people might otherwise encounter on 604 00:32:36,720 --> 00:32:37,280 Speaker 2: their screens. 605 00:32:37,920 --> 00:32:41,000 Speaker 1: So, given everything we've learned about young people today and 606 00:32:41,480 --> 00:32:46,120 Speaker 1: the dysfunctionalities and the lack of accurate information, what advice 607 00:32:46,160 --> 00:32:48,680 Speaker 1: would you have for somebody who's looking for a spouse. 608 00:32:49,560 --> 00:32:51,640 Speaker 2: So one of the things that my calling, doctor Wenny Wang, 609 00:32:51,720 --> 00:32:54,600 Speaker 2: has found in her research is that couples who meet 610 00:32:54,840 --> 00:32:58,200 Speaker 2: in some kind of religious event or activity, or meet 611 00:32:58,400 --> 00:33:01,640 Speaker 2: in college in person are more likely to be flourishing, 612 00:33:01,680 --> 00:33:03,920 Speaker 2: and the couples who meet online or in bars and 613 00:33:03,960 --> 00:33:06,880 Speaker 2: taverns are the least likely to be flourishing in their marriages. Now, 614 00:33:06,880 --> 00:33:08,880 Speaker 2: it's just a correlation, but it's worth kind of thinking about. 615 00:33:08,920 --> 00:33:11,120 Speaker 2: I think the point I'm getting at is it's important 616 00:33:11,160 --> 00:33:13,400 Speaker 2: trying to sort of maximize your time as a young 617 00:33:13,440 --> 00:33:16,360 Speaker 2: adult doing things in person, whether it's socially and after 618 00:33:16,440 --> 00:33:18,960 Speaker 2: work if you're religious, you know, in some kind of 619 00:33:19,040 --> 00:33:24,840 Speaker 2: church or synagogue, college, and not listening to parents and 620 00:33:24,960 --> 00:33:27,479 Speaker 2: peers and professors who would tell you too to kind 621 00:33:27,520 --> 00:33:29,320 Speaker 2: of push all that off unto your late twenties or 622 00:33:29,320 --> 00:33:32,600 Speaker 2: early thirties, because what we see is the couples who 623 00:33:32,640 --> 00:33:34,960 Speaker 2: get married kind of in their twenties roughly defined mid 624 00:33:35,000 --> 00:33:37,960 Speaker 2: twenties are more likely to be happily married, and I 625 00:33:37,960 --> 00:33:41,320 Speaker 2: think today more likely to avoid ending up kinless. So 626 00:33:41,360 --> 00:33:44,440 Speaker 2: I would just be intentional in part about using opportunities 627 00:33:44,440 --> 00:33:46,280 Speaker 2: in your early twenties and mid twenties, whether it's in 628 00:33:46,320 --> 00:33:49,600 Speaker 2: college or in the workplace, to meet people in person 629 00:33:49,840 --> 00:33:52,960 Speaker 2: and not just to rely upon their smartphone and dating 630 00:33:52,960 --> 00:33:56,000 Speaker 2: apps as well. I would also encourage men to be 631 00:33:56,080 --> 00:33:59,880 Speaker 2: more intentional and more courageous in terms of asking when 632 00:34:00,160 --> 00:34:03,800 Speaker 2: in their circles out and then encourage women to be 633 00:34:03,960 --> 00:34:06,600 Speaker 2: more kind of flexible and kind of giving the guys 634 00:34:06,640 --> 00:34:08,600 Speaker 2: a chance, you know, maybe a second date, even if 635 00:34:08,640 --> 00:34:11,479 Speaker 2: you're necessarily convinced in the first date. I know plenty 636 00:34:11,560 --> 00:34:13,840 Speaker 2: of people, including myself, who kind of had to really 637 00:34:14,480 --> 00:34:16,759 Speaker 2: woo someone over a period of time to kind of 638 00:34:16,800 --> 00:34:18,400 Speaker 2: seal the deal. My wife and I dated for on 639 00:34:18,560 --> 00:34:20,040 Speaker 2: and off for about three years before we got married 640 00:34:20,040 --> 00:34:21,959 Speaker 2: at age twenty four, and we've been married now twenty 641 00:34:22,000 --> 00:34:24,400 Speaker 2: eight years. So that's also a piece of advice that 642 00:34:24,400 --> 00:34:26,040 Speaker 2: I would give them. And finally, again I would address 643 00:34:26,040 --> 00:34:29,880 Speaker 2: the importance of looking for character and shared values as 644 00:34:29,960 --> 00:34:34,040 Speaker 2: really crucial foundations for a strong marriage, more than whether 645 00:34:34,080 --> 00:34:36,680 Speaker 2: they kind of meet all of your criteria for the 646 00:34:36,800 --> 00:34:41,600 Speaker 2: perfect soulmate. I think character is king, and you've got 647 00:34:41,640 --> 00:34:44,120 Speaker 2: to look for things that would make your spouse down 648 00:34:44,160 --> 00:34:46,359 Speaker 2: the road a good wife and mother and a good 649 00:34:46,400 --> 00:34:47,360 Speaker 2: husband and father. 650 00:34:47,880 --> 00:34:54,479 Speaker 1: I really appreciate the creativity and the determination that you've 651 00:34:54,520 --> 00:34:56,960 Speaker 1: shown in the work you're doing, and I want to 652 00:34:57,040 --> 00:35:00,920 Speaker 1: encourage you to continue. Your point's not true. This is, 653 00:35:01,000 --> 00:35:04,200 Speaker 1: in fact, at the heart of civilization. I had a 654 00:35:04,200 --> 00:35:07,520 Speaker 1: great deal of our current collapse in terms of our 655 00:35:07,520 --> 00:35:10,000 Speaker 1: cities and in terms of crime and drug addiction and 656 00:35:10,040 --> 00:35:15,319 Speaker 1: suicide relates back directly to the challenge of loneliness and 657 00:35:15,360 --> 00:35:18,759 Speaker 1: the challenge of a society which has broken down what 658 00:35:18,840 --> 00:35:23,560 Speaker 1: had been historically for virtually all civilizations, the central building 659 00:35:23,600 --> 00:35:26,520 Speaker 1: block on which the civilization resides. So I think the 660 00:35:26,560 --> 00:35:29,480 Speaker 1: work you're doing is really really important. 661 00:35:29,880 --> 00:35:31,799 Speaker 2: Well, thank you. I think we know that the state 662 00:35:31,840 --> 00:35:35,560 Speaker 2: of our union depends in important ways on the states 663 00:35:35,680 --> 00:35:39,480 Speaker 2: of our unions plural, so I think that's certainly a 664 00:35:39,560 --> 00:35:41,760 Speaker 2: key message this book is offering to the general public. 665 00:35:42,480 --> 00:35:44,799 Speaker 1: Well, I want to thank you for joining me. Your 666 00:35:44,840 --> 00:35:49,000 Speaker 1: new book is Get Married, Why Americans Must Defy the Elites, 667 00:35:49,480 --> 00:35:53,480 Speaker 1: Forge strong Families, and Save Civilization. I want to encourage 668 00:35:53,520 --> 00:35:56,360 Speaker 1: our listeners to get a copy. It's available to Amazon 669 00:35:56,400 --> 00:35:59,000 Speaker 1: and at bookstores everywhere, and the work you're doing at 670 00:35:59,040 --> 00:36:02,640 Speaker 1: the University of Virginia on the National Marriage Project can 671 00:36:02,680 --> 00:36:07,239 Speaker 1: be found at National Marriageproject dot org. Brad, thank you 672 00:36:07,360 --> 00:36:08,399 Speaker 1: very much for joining me. 673 00:36:08,520 --> 00:36:09,400 Speaker 2: Thank you, mister speaker. 674 00:36:12,719 --> 00:36:15,200 Speaker 1: Thank you to my guest, Brad Wilcox. You can get 675 00:36:15,200 --> 00:36:18,279 Speaker 1: a link to buy his new book, Get Married, Why 676 00:36:18,360 --> 00:36:22,600 Speaker 1: Americans Must Defy the Elites, Forge Strong Families, and Save 677 00:36:22,719 --> 00:36:27,520 Speaker 1: Civilization on our show page at newtsworld dot com. Newtsworld 678 00:36:27,600 --> 00:36:31,560 Speaker 1: is produced by Gingers three sixty and iHeartMedia. Our executive 679 00:36:31,560 --> 00:36:36,719 Speaker 1: producer is Guernsey Sloan. Our researcher is Rachel Peterson. The 680 00:36:36,840 --> 00:36:40,880 Speaker 1: artwork for the show was created by Steve Penley. Special 681 00:36:40,920 --> 00:36:43,960 Speaker 1: thanks to the team at Ginger three sixty. If you've 682 00:36:43,960 --> 00:36:47,320 Speaker 1: been enjoying Nutsworld, I hope you'll go to Apple Podcast 683 00:36:47,360 --> 00:36:50,120 Speaker 1: and both rate us with five stars and give us 684 00:36:50,120 --> 00:36:53,000 Speaker 1: a review so others can learn what it's all about. 685 00:36:53,600 --> 00:36:56,799 Speaker 1: Right now, listeners of Newtsworld can sign up for my 686 00:36:56,920 --> 00:37:02,360 Speaker 1: three free weekly columns at gingerstreect dot com slash newsletter. 687 00:37:02,840 --> 00:37:05,040 Speaker 1: I'm Nick Gingrich. This is newswork. 688 00:37:08,040 --> 00:37:13,239 Speaker 2: M M m