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Speaker 1: From Media dos World News Headquarters in Bozeman, Montana. This

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Speaker 1: is Kel's we can review with Ryan kel Kell and

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Speaker 1: now here's kel fire Hawk a great and dare I say,

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Speaker 1: badass name, and not just for the sake of having

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Speaker 1: a badass name like in that cheesy awesome racing comedy

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Speaker 1: Ricky Bobby. In this case, the name fire hawk is

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Speaker 1: very factual and very old. Australia's Aborigines have known several

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Speaker 1: bird species, including the black kite, whistling kite, and brown

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Speaker 1: falcon as fire hawks for some forty thousand years. These

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Speaker 1: birds are often seen around fires on the Australian savannah,

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Speaker 1: feeding on lizards and small mammals escaping the flaming grass.

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Speaker 1: What's more, fire hawks have been observed picking up flaming

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Speaker 1: stick in their beaks and talents in order to transport

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Speaker 1: the fire to new areas, forcing even more rodents and

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Speaker 1: reptiles to move from their hiding places. You heard that correctly,

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Speaker 1: the fire hawks literally dropped fire from the sky. This

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Speaker 1: incredible story was brought to my attention by one Weekend

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Speaker 1: review listener in Australia. Just last year, a study was

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Speaker 1: published officially observing fire hawks in the act of spreading fire.

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Speaker 1: The Australian Aborigines said, neat, we saw that too, but

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Speaker 1: don't take our word for it. We've only been here

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Speaker 1: for forty thousand years. This week we're gonna talk about

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Speaker 1: honkers as in geese, global warming, zombie moss, as well

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Speaker 1: as a bunch of other interesting stuff. But first I'm

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Speaker 1: gonna tell you about my week. My deck top earth

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Speaker 1: boxed garden is kicking ass, tomato plants as thick as

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Speaker 1: your wrist, enough parsley, basil, lemon, time mint, and shouts

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Speaker 1: to start a little farmer's market. That update was for

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Speaker 1: you horticulture real enthusiast type folks that wrote in wanting

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Speaker 1: an update on my gardening situation and on the subject

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Speaker 1: of folks riding in to ask Cal at the meator

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Speaker 1: dot com, fella named O'Keefe wrote in on the subject

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Speaker 1: of fish and rings, as in the steel head with

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Speaker 1: the ring zip tied to its tail that was mentioned

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Speaker 1: in episode nine of Cal's weekend review. The story that

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Speaker 1: Mr O'Keefe brought to my attention is of Matilda de Tuscanni,

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Speaker 1: widowed countess who accidentally dropped her wedding ring into a

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Speaker 1: local spring She was devastated and prayed to God to

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Speaker 1: get the ring back. In answer to her prayers, a

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Speaker 1: trout rose up from the spring with the wedding ring

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Speaker 1: in its mouth. In recognition of the Pisicene miracle, Matilda

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Speaker 1: funded a monastery on the side of the spring in

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Speaker 1: ten seventeen. A d lovely story, But don't go thinking

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Speaker 1: Matilda was just a well off widow lamenting her man.

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Speaker 1: Matilda of Tuscany or Matilda of Tuscany outlived too Usban's,

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Speaker 1: led multiple armies and out fought Henry the fourth. Matilda

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Speaker 1: was at one point crowned the vice Queen of Italy

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Speaker 1: by Henry the Fifth and is actually attributed with the

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Speaker 1: funding and founding of over one hundred churches. But back

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Speaker 1: to the beer. That monastery is where you get the

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Speaker 1: Belgian Trappist beer named Orville, you know, the one with

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Speaker 1: the logo of a fish holding her ring in its mouth.

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Speaker 1: In order to be authentic Trappist beer, the beer must

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Speaker 1: be brewed within the walls of a Trappist monastery under

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Speaker 1: the supervision and control of the community of monks. The

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Speaker 1: revenue from the beer outside of keeping the abbey running

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Speaker 1: is devoted to social Services. There are only ten Trappist

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Speaker 1: Abbey's brewing beer, six in Belgium, too, in the Netherlands,

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Speaker 1: one in Austria, and one in the United States. So

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Speaker 1: thanks for ratting in, Mr O'Keeffe, I feel like I

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Speaker 1: learned something. We're sticking with the Social Services desk, but

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Speaker 1: moving over to Denver with this piece of news. Colorado

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Speaker 1: Parks and Recreation worked with the U s d AS

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Speaker 1: Wildlife Services to capture Canada geese from the City of

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Speaker 1: Denver's parks and move them to a meat processing facility.

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Speaker 1: From there, the geese would be killed, processed, and ultimately

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Speaker 1: cooked for the city's ever expanding population of families and

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Speaker 1: people in need. According to the U s d A,

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Speaker 1: the Colorado Front Range is currently supporting forty four thousand

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Speaker 1: mating pairs of Canada geese between Colorado Springs and Fort Collins.

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Speaker 1: That's only a distance of a hundred and forty six

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Speaker 1: miles along the corridor. That's about six hundred and two

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Speaker 1: geese per mile, what the U s d A calls

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Speaker 1: a critical mass inside the city of Denver during the

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Speaker 1: summer season. The Parks Department estimates that they have a

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Speaker 1: population of five thousand geese, which produce around five thousand

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Speaker 1: pounds of goose poop per day or a hundred and

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Speaker 1: forty thousand pounds of goose poop per month, poop, of course,

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Speaker 1: being the real issue with these geese. Quick side note,

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Speaker 1: and I don't mean to add to their problems, but

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Speaker 1: when I've walked in Denver parks, goose poop was just

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Speaker 1: one of several varieties I encountered, and of those varieties

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Speaker 1: was actually the least troubling in my opinion. But anyways,

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Speaker 1: the park system is a perfect place for geese. We've

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Speaker 1: created an environment that is basically predator free and loaded

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Speaker 1: with food. Well, Denver is now harvesting that overabundance of

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Speaker 1: wildlife and feeding it to those in need. I say,

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Speaker 1: way to go, Denver. Ultimately, the Department of the Interior

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Speaker 1: is allowing for a maximum take of geese per year

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Speaker 1: by us DA officials. By my estimates, even a small

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Speaker 1: goose will yield more than enough meat for a family

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Speaker 1: of four. That's hundred people being fed if they are

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Speaker 1: able to hit that quota. And that's a low estimate.

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Speaker 1: For the naysayers of this project, I think you're right.

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Speaker 1: This isn't a long term solution for goose poop and parks.

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Speaker 1: But I can assure you and any real long term

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Speaker 1: solution that does come forward won't be as palatable as

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Speaker 1: this one. And you know what they say, when life

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Speaker 1: gives you lemons, make some goose pastrami. Sticking to Colorado,

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Speaker 1: Colorado Parks and Wildlife is attempting to reinstate a sense

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Speaker 1: of wild into the not so wild wildlife on Mount

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Speaker 1: Evans near the Mount Evans Scenic Byway. Mount Evans being

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Speaker 1: one of the prominent Front Range peaks visible from Denver,

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Speaker 1: so thereabouts, mountain goats and bighorn sheep are starting to

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Speaker 1: get a little too friendly with the sightseeing crowd. In response,

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Speaker 1: state officials are going to use paintball guns, cattle prods, tasers,

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Speaker 1: and a trained canine named Sampson to put a little

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Speaker 1: fear into them. The goats and big horns started frequenting

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Speaker 1: the Mount Evans Scenic Byway, which is the highest paved

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Speaker 1: road in the US, in order to lick up salt

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Speaker 1: used as d is er. Animals were even seen licking

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Speaker 1: car tires for the salt. Well. One thing led to

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Speaker 1: another and people started feeding them. Soon sheep and goats

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Speaker 1: were poking their heads into open car windows, and even

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Speaker 1: in one case, a goat briefly climbed onto the hood

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Speaker 1: of an suv. The animals have been observed running toward

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Speaker 1: people carrying food, and even exhibiting a behavior you may

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Speaker 1: have noticed around dogs, which is running towards the sound

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Speaker 1: of crinkling cellophane. Now we all should know what happens

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Speaker 1: when you combine undulates and fast moving cars. So it's

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Speaker 1: high time that they demonstrate to these animals that there's

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Speaker 1: more to lose from hanging around highways than there is

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Speaker 1: to gain. The Colorado Highway Department will no longer be

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Speaker 1: using salt on the road for de iSER and for

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Speaker 1: you people quit feeding them. In fact, I'm gonna suggest

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Speaker 1: Colorado Parks and Wildlife officers start pointing their dogs and

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Speaker 1: tasers in the other direction, back to the source of

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Speaker 1: the problem. Now we're heading over the deep ocean. Talk

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Speaker 1: about an issue that's a serious bummer, but I'll try

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Speaker 1: to turn into an example of something positive. Plastic in

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Speaker 1: the oceans. Unless you live under the proverbial rock, you're

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Speaker 1: aware of the fact that our oceans have become a

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Speaker 1: giant receptacle for plastics. Our waterways and general have become

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Speaker 1: a means of moving plastics. Hell, I just got sent

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Speaker 1: a water filter designed for backpacking with a label on

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Speaker 1: it saying it filters of microplastics. But back to the oceans,

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Speaker 1: and to keep numbers manageable, we're gonna talk plastic fishing

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Speaker 1: gear like nets, lines, ropes, that sort of thing. An

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Speaker 1: estimated six point four million tons of plastic fishing gear

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Speaker 1: is either discarded or lost in the ocean every year.

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Speaker 1: You know, when you flick a booger off the end

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Speaker 1: of your finger, that booger may disappear from sight, but

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Speaker 1: it didn't actually disappear. Just like that gross chunk of

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Speaker 1: sluft skin, snot and nose hair, This fishing gear, although

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Speaker 1: not attached to a person, is still a booger too.

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Speaker 1: The gear keeps fishing even though you flicked it off

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Speaker 1: the end of your boat, or lost it to a

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Speaker 1: storm or accident or what have you. Marine wildlife is

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Speaker 1: being entangled, hooked, and bound by old fishing gear. A

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Speaker 1: brand spanking new net set today in that ocean has

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Speaker 1: the potential to lie for six hundred years. As fish

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Speaker 1: enter the net and get tangled, they attract predator fish

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Speaker 1: as they struggle, then again as the carcasses decomposed, they

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Speaker 1: attract scavenger species looking for an easy meal. These nets

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Speaker 1: can stretch for as long as two miles and they

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Speaker 1: basically rebait themselves over and over again, collecting thousands of

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Speaker 1: fish and marine mammals on their own. It's a nasty

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Speaker 1: way to go. So to get to that upbeat part

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Speaker 1: of this situation I was talking about earlier, scientists are

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Speaker 1: starting to use more and more data collected from individuals

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Speaker 1: posting pictures to social networks. Your phone is capable of

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Speaker 1: collecting verifiable data, even if you are a total knucklehead. Recently,

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Speaker 1: a research scientist from the University of Exeter led a

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Speaker 1: team that scoured research papers from nineteen forty onwards and

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Speaker 1: Twitter from two thousand nine onward for reports of sharks

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Speaker 1: being entangled and lost fishing gear. In the ten years

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Speaker 1: of data compiled by Twitter, they found wie as many

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Speaker 1: reports have entangled marine life than in the eighty years

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Speaker 1: of scientific reports. This doesn't mean quit writing your doctoral

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Speaker 1: thesis and pick up Twitter. This just means that verifiable

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Speaker 1: data is verifiable data. Doctorate not required. The age of

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Speaker 1: the citizen scientist is back joined the ranks of folks

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Speaker 1: like John Muir and that guy in Columbia from a

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Speaker 1: couple of episodes ago, who snapped a picture of a

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Speaker 1: thought to be extinct weasel species on his toilet. Don't

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Speaker 1: get bummed out by plastics awash in the ocean thinking

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Speaker 1: that you can't help document your fines, post pictures and

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Speaker 1: ask questions at a minimum, if you want to get

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Speaker 1: more involved their citizens, scientists, social groups for just about

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Speaker 1: anything you're interested in, from gardening too, bugs, birds, two stars.

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Speaker 1: Did you know? Uranus was discovered by a musician and

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Speaker 1: his sister with a homemade telescope, William and Caroline Herschel.

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Speaker 1: Moving on to Kentucky, firefighters from four counties responded to

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Speaker 1: four five thousand barrels of burning bourbon at the Gym

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Speaker 1: beam Warehouse in Kentucky. Aside from the obvious impact on

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Speaker 1: the local party scene due the lack of roughly two

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Speaker 1: point three million gallons or three hundred five million, two

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Speaker 1: hundred eighty thousand one shots of beam, the local fishery

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Speaker 1: took a hit as well. The torrents of water being

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Speaker 1: poured on their fire took the bourbon down to the

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Speaker 1: Kentucky River, resulting in a twenty four mile long plume

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Speaker 1: of bourbon and the waterway and thousands of dead fish.

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Speaker 1: The fish aren't dying from alcohol poisoning, but from an

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Speaker 1: abundance of bacterial growth resulting in depleted oxygen levels in

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Speaker 1: the water. Although this bourbon spill scenario may seem wild

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Speaker 1: to those of us living outside of the Bluegrass State,

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Speaker 1: the Emergency Response Team manager for the Kentucky Department of

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Speaker 1: Environmental Protection said, quote, the state knows how to handle

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Speaker 1: bourbon spills, and we've had several occur in the state,

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Speaker 1: so when this one occurred, we were just ready for

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Speaker 1: it and knew what the actions were to take, which

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Speaker 1: apparently is get that bourbon plume downstream to the Ohio

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Speaker 1: River and get it diluted, kind of like pouring a

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Speaker 1: bourbon for your grandma. Got to add a little extra

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Speaker 1: water in there. Not. The first bourbon spill is a

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Speaker 1: bit of an understatement, specifically for Old Jim Beam. Back

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Speaker 1: in two thousand three, a lightning strike to the gym

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Speaker 1: Beam warehouse resulted in eight hundred thousand barrels of bourbon

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Speaker 1: going into the creek. Last year, another fire resulted in

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Speaker 1: a nine thousand barrel spill, and to repeat the latest

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Speaker 1: spill of forty five thousand barrels from just last week.

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Speaker 1: That's a lot of bourbon. Now, I'm not one to

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Speaker 1: come around any sort of temperance, and I have, in

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Speaker 1: fact enjoyed some gym beam bourbon. But my gosh, if

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Speaker 1: you look at these numbers, it's a wonder this stuff

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Speaker 1: ever makes it out of the state, much less to

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Speaker 1: a bar in Missoula, Montana. When you take into account

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Speaker 1: the frequency of the spills and the ecological impact of

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Speaker 1: hundreds of thousands of fish dying. If the fish are dying,

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Speaker 1: it's safe to say that some other critters probably aren't

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Speaker 1: just partying it up. In the bourbon filled waters of Kentucky,

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Speaker 1: the crawfish and invertebrates are taking a hit as well.

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Speaker 1: So consider all that and take this quote in again

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Speaker 1: from the Kentucky Department of Environmental Protection quote, the state

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Speaker 1: knows how to handle bourbon spills, and we've had several

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Speaker 1: occur in this state. So when this one occurred, we

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Speaker 1: were just ready for it and knew what the actions

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Speaker 1: were to take. Reminds me of that line from The

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Speaker 1: Princess Bride. These words you're saying, I don't think they

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Speaker 1: mean what you think they mean. Heading over to our

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Speaker 1: what people do for fame desk. An actress appearing on

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Speaker 1: another one of those damn survivor style reality TV shows,

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Speaker 1: maybe heading to prison for allegedly collecting, killing, and cooking

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Speaker 1: an endangered clam. The show Law of the Jungle was

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Speaker 1: being filmed on location at hat chow My National Marine

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Speaker 1: Park in Thailand. Tai waters hold five of the eight

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Speaker 1: known species of giant clown found in the world, though

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Speaker 1: two of those may already be extinct due to over

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Speaker 1: harvest for food, the aquarium trade, and decorative things and

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Speaker 1: obnoxious houses. You know the type. Anyway, the actress in

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Speaker 1: question was filmed pulling an endangered giant clam from a

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Speaker 1: protected seabed, which could be punishable by up to four

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Speaker 1: years in prison. Really goes to show you, no matter

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Speaker 1: who you are or where you find yourself, you gotta

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Speaker 1: read those fisheries regulations carefully. On the bright side, if

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Speaker 1: Law of the Jungle films the prison stent, it will

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Speaker 1: be the only one of these so called reality TV

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Speaker 1: programs that shows the actual reality of testing survival skills.

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Speaker 1: They won't even need to change the name. Moving on

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Speaker 1: to the climate change desk, all A Comnium turgitum, on

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Speaker 1: once extinct species of moss has come back to the

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Speaker 1: land of the living. The moss has been under a

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Speaker 1: one foot thick wall of ice known as the tear

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Speaker 1: Drop Glacier on Ellesmere Island since least eighteen fifty. Ellesmere Island,

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Speaker 1: of course, is where rapidly and wide ranging Arctic fox

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Speaker 1: vixen dispersed to from episode ten of Cal's Weekend Review. Anyway,

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Speaker 1: Elsmere's tear Drop Glacier has been receding and scientists have

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Speaker 1: been at the ready to pick up new or old

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Speaker 1: species exposed by the retreating ice. The scientists were primarily

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Speaker 1: looking for what was happening with plant and animal life

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Speaker 1: before the glacier, but in a handful of cases they

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Speaker 1: found out what is happening currently as in life in

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Speaker 1: spite of the ice. Ala Comnium turgitum being one example,

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Speaker 1: the long dead moss grew new shoots and leaves when

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Speaker 1: placed in nutrient rich soil in a warm and bright laboratory,

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Speaker 1: despite being frozen for a hundred and sixty nine years.

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Speaker 1: If that's not interesting enough, another team has revived a

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Speaker 1: patch of frozen buried moss from under a three foot

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Speaker 1: layer of perma frost that's estimated at fift hundred years old.

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Speaker 1: But wait, there's more. I'm microbiologist at the University of

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Speaker 1: Tennessee has brought back million year old bacteria in the

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Speaker 1: lab and even specimens with actual heads, brains, nervous systems,

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Speaker 1: and anuses nematodes from way back in the place to scene.

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Speaker 1: These samples came from Siberia. These findings have all sorts

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Speaker 1: of implications in regards to understanding the robustness of life

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Speaker 1: in the extreme environments of Earth and how once frozen

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Speaker 1: landscapes may be able to re establish life when the

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Speaker 1: receding glaciers have gone. But perhaps the most important in

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Speaker 1: the immediate and short term, you, the listener, can go

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Speaker 1: challenge your friends at the water cooler, park bar, or

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Speaker 1: dinner table with this bet. You don't know what the

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Speaker 1: oldest living animal is. Answer nematode forty one thousand years old,

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Speaker 1: a half millimeter long worm like animal that lived at

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Speaker 1: the time of the Neanderthal and still lives now, just

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Speaker 1: you know, in a lab. Lastly, on Cal's Weekend review,

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Speaker 1: I want to talk again about feral cats. Feral cats

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Speaker 1: and their semi domestic, free roaming cousins attribute to the

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Speaker 1: deaths of two point four billion birds a year in

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Speaker 1: the US, as well as the deaths of twelve point

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Speaker 1: three billion small mammals per year in the US. If

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Speaker 1: those statistics don't shock you, that's fine, but you may

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Speaker 1: want to postpone that family trip to Disney World, and

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Speaker 1: not just for the potential family fistfights. A feral cat

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Speaker 1: was just picked up by animal control and tested positive

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Speaker 1: for rabies. A sixty day rabies alert has been issued

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Speaker 1: in Orange County, California, adjacent to the famous park. Rabies

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Speaker 1: is not some sort of frontier type disease only found

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Speaker 1: in mangy old yellow dogs. That's an old yellow reference

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Speaker 1: and a Disney movie, by the way. According to the

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Speaker 1: Center for Disease Control, there have only been twenty three

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Speaker 1: reported cases of rabies and humans in the past decade,

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Speaker 1: with eight of those cases coming in from outside of

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Speaker 1: the US. We should stop here and make the point

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Speaker 1: that a raby's infection almost always results in death. Those

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Speaker 1: twenty three cases of rabies reported in the US, twenty

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Speaker 1: one out of the twenty three ended with the death

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Speaker 1: of the infected. Roughly one person every ten minutes is

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Speaker 1: treated for possible exposure to the rabies virus. These infection

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Speaker 1: rates are historically low, as in we are winning the

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Speaker 1: disease battle against rabies, which has been primarily attributed to

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Speaker 1: animal control measures, including outreach programs to vaccinate pets. Let's

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Speaker 1: not slide backwards on this fight against rabies because we

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Speaker 1: like to think about feral animals living happy lives when

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Speaker 1: we aren't looking. Orange County Animal shelters receive over one

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Speaker 1: thousand feral cats per month during typical summers, about two

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Speaker 1: fifty cats per month in the winter. That's a two

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Speaker 1: thousand fifteen statistic, by the way. In addition, the Happiest

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Speaker 1: Place on Earth has its own cat problem, with two

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Speaker 1: employees being treated for rabies exposure and one employee being

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Speaker 1: treated for flea borne typhus, a disease that in rare

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Speaker 1: cases can cause blood to harden in the veins and

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Speaker 1: brain swelling. That doesn't sound so happy to me. I'm

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Speaker 1: sure Pluto and Goofy and the rest of the creators

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Speaker 1: in the Kingdom would agree. Thanks for listening to Cal's

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Speaker 1: weeken review. As per usual, let me know how I'm

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Speaker 1: doing at Ask cal at the meat eater dot com.

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Speaker 1: Go to wherever podcasts are streamed and downloadable, hit subscribe,

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Speaker 1: and leave me a review by hitting the furthest right

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Speaker 1: hand start I'll talk to you next week.