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Speaker 1: Get in touch with technology with tex Stuff from stuff

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Speaker 1: works dot com. Heath and welcome to tex Stuff. I'm

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Speaker 1: Jonathan Strickland, and today I'm joined by Joe McCormick, head

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Speaker 1: writer of Forward Thinking. Hi everybody. Joe is a guest

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Speaker 1: hosting while Laurence out. She will be back soon, so

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Speaker 1: no where he's there. Joe and I have worked extensively

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Speaker 1: together on Forward Thinking, which is the show all about

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Speaker 1: future technology, feature science, what the world is just gonna

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Speaker 1: be like in twenty to fifty years or beyond in

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Speaker 1: some cases. And so one of the things we've talked

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Speaker 1: about at length on that show is three D printing.

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Speaker 1: So I thought we would have a little full discussion

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Speaker 1: called three D Printers. I'm excited to talk about this

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Speaker 1: because the only other time I've been a guest host

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Speaker 1: on tech Stuff, we talked about the anti Kither mechanism,

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Speaker 1: one of the oldest machines on Earth yea, or what

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Speaker 1: some would call probably the oldest computer. And so that

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Speaker 1: was the ancient past of technology. Now I want to

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Speaker 1: talk about what's big in the future, and I think

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Speaker 1: what's big is three D printing. Yeah, it's it's undoubtedly

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Speaker 1: going to be huge and in fact, Joe has some

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Speaker 1: interesting firsthand experience he can relate because, as it turns out,

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Speaker 1: we here at the office have a new three D printer,

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Speaker 1: and Joe has sort of become the the overseer of it.

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Speaker 1: By default, he was the one who sees the opportunity. Yeah,

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Speaker 1: nobody told me to. We we came in one day

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Speaker 1: for a Monday morning meeting and they just wheeled this

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Speaker 1: three D printer in and I was very excited, and

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Speaker 1: they said, well, start playing with it, and nobody else

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Speaker 1: started playing with it. So I seized the day. Yep,

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Speaker 1: sees the moment he sees the opportunism, sees the three

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Speaker 1: D printer, Yeah, and grabbed hold of it, got the instructions,

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Speaker 1: installed all the software, and I started printing plastic death,

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Speaker 1: just monstrosities and Asian failures, rolling up big balls. That

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Speaker 1: turns out there's a curve to using this this device,

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Speaker 1: and Joe has done a lot of trial and even

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Speaker 1: more error to figure out exactly how to use it.

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Speaker 1: And I wish you could see the just the beautiful

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Speaker 1: plastic graveyard. There's some things that like some sort of

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Speaker 1: plastic spaghetti that has I call them plastic hairballs. Yeah,

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Speaker 1: that's probably a better better description. Anyway, this thing looks

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Speaker 1: like it's about the size of a large microwave. Yeah, yeah,

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Speaker 1: maybe a little bit taller. Yeah, and it uh, it

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Speaker 1: actually can print in two different colors of plastic at

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Speaker 1: the same time, which is pretty awesome. But anyway, we

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Speaker 1: should probably talk about what a three D printer actually is.

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Speaker 1: Kind of give a quick rundown for any of you

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Speaker 1: who have not listened to the previous Tech Stuff episodes

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Speaker 1: where we talked about three D printing and you maybe

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Speaker 1: have heard the term, but you don't really know what

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Speaker 1: it is. It's a type of additive manufacturing. Additive as

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Speaker 1: in the opposite of subtraction, and the same thing as addition,

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Speaker 1: you're putting on layers. Yes, you are building an object

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Speaker 1: layer by layer in some way. Uh, you're topical consumer model.

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Speaker 1: Will be using a type of plastic with a binder

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Speaker 1: material so that it binds to itself, and the layers

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Speaker 1: can be very thin, maybe just a couple of microns

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Speaker 1: thick or even less, depending upon Like if you're using

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Speaker 1: a state of the art nano three D printer, you're

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Speaker 1: talking about layers so thin that they are like it

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Speaker 1: might as well be one dimensional ours is not our consumer, right,

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Speaker 1: the kind of thing that you could, like an actual

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Speaker 1: person could buy, yes, yes, as opposed to those those

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Speaker 1: non real people who are able to get those nano printers. Um, yeah,

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Speaker 1: it's exactly. It's the kind of a consumer could purchase

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Speaker 1: straight online. In fact, that is the model that we have,

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Speaker 1: is one that you can buy right now, right. The

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Speaker 1: idea of additive manufacturing is a cool paradigm. It's different

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Speaker 1: than what we're usually used to. When you want to

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Speaker 1: create a very specifically tailored three D object, usually you're

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Speaker 1: gonna carve, right, You're gonna take some the external material

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Speaker 1: until you've got what you need exactly. Um. We talked, uh,

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Speaker 1: we were talking about this in terms of like Michelangelo's

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Speaker 1: The David. Yes, you would have a giant slab of marble,

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Speaker 1: and then you carve away all the stuff that doesn't

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Speaker 1: look like David until you're left with David. Right. It's

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Speaker 1: so it's kind of a cool metaphor there, because there's

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Speaker 1: this idea in the history of art about the sculpture

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Speaker 1: emerging from the stone and it exists within the stone

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Speaker 1: and you've just unleashed it. I guess this would be

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Speaker 1: more like if you were to create the David by

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Speaker 1: dripping and creating a David stalagmite in a cave right

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Speaker 1: until it was fully formed as David. Now that hopefully

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Speaker 1: faster than that the right. The additive approach does mean

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Speaker 1: that you are not wasting as much material, right because

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Speaker 1: you're not taking a large block of something and then

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Speaker 1: carving it down until you have the object you want.

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Speaker 1: You are instead using pretty much the stuff you need

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Speaker 1: to build the thing you want, and and very little

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Speaker 1: goes to waste, with the exception of the whatever you

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Speaker 1: use making all these dead prototypes that get to work. Right,

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Speaker 1: But assuming you get your printer working in chip shape,

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Speaker 1: then basically no ways. And uh, typically the consumer models

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Speaker 1: are printing in plastic, right, So uh, what is ours

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Speaker 1: printing right now? Well, ours can do a B S

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Speaker 1: or p l A right now, We've got it loaded

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Speaker 1: up with p l A. That's sort of a nice

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Speaker 1: friendly bioplastic polylactic acid. Jonathan A B S. What does

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Speaker 1: that stand for? All right, Let's let's see rillo nitrial

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Speaker 1: beauta dein styrene. I say that without looking it up,

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Speaker 1: so I could be wrong, but I think it's a

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Speaker 1: krylo nitrial beautadeene Styrene. I did a video where I

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Speaker 1: was talking about this stuff for something else, and um, yeah,

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Speaker 1: I think I finally got it. I'll forget it by

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Speaker 1: next week for sure. But the thing about these plastics

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Speaker 1: is when they are heated to a certain temperature, they

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Speaker 1: become pliable. And that's when you put them through what's

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Speaker 1: called extruder. It's what ends up printing these in these

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Speaker 1: tiny layers, these thin streams of plastic that can be

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Speaker 1: layered on top of one another, and then when it

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Speaker 1: cools down, it will set into whatever shape it's been

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Speaker 1: put into. So you heat it up, you shape it,

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Speaker 1: you let it cool, and then it's set that way.

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Speaker 1: This is the stuff a b s, by the way,

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Speaker 1: is the stuff that lego bricks are made up of.

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Speaker 1: Oh yeah, so um yeah, if you are able to

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Speaker 1: heat it up properly, you put it through this extruder.

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Speaker 1: The extruder lays down the layers, the binding agent helps

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Speaker 1: it bind to itself, preferably only to itself and not

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Speaker 1: to anything else, and then once it cools down, you're

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Speaker 1: good to go. You've got your object. Yeah, so that's

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Speaker 1: the basic idea, and uh, we already talked about how

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Speaker 1: it's less wasteful than other approaches. But one of the

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Speaker 1: other big advantages is that you can make prototypes really

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Speaker 1: really fast. Right, So this would be, for example, if

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Speaker 1: you are some kind of inventor engineer maker. You're the

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Speaker 1: person who's trying to put something together in your garage

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Speaker 1: and in a lot of cases you're going to need

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Speaker 1: a custom made part. Yeah, but how do you get

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Speaker 1: that part? How do you get a custom made part? Well,

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Speaker 1: I mean you could come up with the design specs

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Speaker 1: and you could mail those off to you maybe email

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Speaker 1: these days, and send them off to a company that

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Speaker 1: does their own fabrication and they'll make it and then

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Speaker 1: they'll send it back to you. Man, that is a

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Speaker 1: long time to wait, especially if you messed up and

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Speaker 1: you need to redesign. There could be there could be

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Speaker 1: so many points of failure along that pathway. Right. First

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Speaker 1: of all, your design might turn out not to work. Secondly,

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Speaker 1: the manufacturing company might end up making it but not

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Speaker 1: quite make it to your specifications, which means it still

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Speaker 1: doesn't work. Even if you send in the correct stuff,

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Speaker 1: you might get something back that's wrong. And either way,

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Speaker 1: once you figure out it doesn't work, you have to

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Speaker 1: go through that whole process again, and this takes a

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Speaker 1: lot of time. With a three D printer, you could

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Speaker 1: print up your design idea, you know, design it in

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Speaker 1: a computer assisted design program a CAD program, print it out,

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Speaker 1: and then test it to see if it actually works.

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Speaker 1: Assuming that everything printed properly, then you're you can test

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Speaker 1: it and see if it works. If it doesn't work,

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Speaker 1: you can go tweak the design and print a new one,

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Speaker 1: which means you go from design to prototype much more quickly.

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Speaker 1: Of course, i'd imagine in a lot of cases that

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Speaker 1: you're not going to be necessarily printing your final version.

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Speaker 1: It might be more useful for producing just the prototype

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Speaker 1: than for the actual final product, because maybe you're you're

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Speaker 1: printing in p L A or A B S or

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Speaker 1: some kind of plastic that's not really ideal for what

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Speaker 1: it is, but you can you can see if it

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Speaker 1: fits right. You can have this part well, especially if

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Speaker 1: you're doing something like imagine that you're you're designing a

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Speaker 1: new type of car and you want to test it

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Speaker 1: to find out what kind of drag it's going to

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Speaker 1: have when it's at speed, So you're going to put

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Speaker 1: it through the model. You're gonna put through a wind tunnel. Well,

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Speaker 1: it doesn't really matter what it's made out of, assuming

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Speaker 1: that the material itself is is nice and smooth. You

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Speaker 1: want a high resolution three D printer, that means those

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Speaker 1: layers have to be really, really thin. But you can

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Speaker 1: put that through a wind tunnel and see if it's

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Speaker 1: behaving the way you anticipated, and if it's not, then

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Speaker 1: you can go back to the design process, change some things,

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Speaker 1: and test it out again without going through this whole

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Speaker 1: process of sending it out to a fabricator to build

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Speaker 1: the whole thing. Of course, then there's another thing, which

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Speaker 1: is customization, customization of designs that already exists, and this

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Speaker 1: comes in when you couple the power of a three

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Speaker 1: D printer with the power of a three D scanner,

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Speaker 1: a three D scanner, or or even just a three

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Speaker 1: D design program, right, because you can customize whatever you like,

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Speaker 1: however you like it. But yes, exactly, yeah, yeah, what

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Speaker 1: I had in mind is so you've got a part,

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Speaker 1: but you want to change it a little bit so

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Speaker 1: you can scan it with the three D scanner. Things

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Speaker 1: like this exist where you can use like lasers or

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Speaker 1: even just camera based technology. I've read about ideas on

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Speaker 1: how to create three D scanners with a Microsoft connect. Yeah,

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Speaker 1: the three six D connect, we should say, just because

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Speaker 1: the Xbox one is much more locked down. Yeah, But

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Speaker 1: so you can scan a physical object, turn that into

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Speaker 1: a virtual object, make changes to the virtual object, send

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Speaker 1: it to the three D printer, and then you've got

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Speaker 1: an new real object, new physical object, right right. So,

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Speaker 1: if you end up seeing an idea that you think

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Speaker 1: is good but you want to improve upon it, which

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Speaker 1: is something that is common in say the open source community,

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Speaker 1: you know, this idea of people who have ways of

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Speaker 1: improving something should be allowed the chance to do so,

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Speaker 1: that kind of appeals to that type of person. Of course,

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Speaker 1: there's a whole range of intellectual property issues when it

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Speaker 1: comes down to three D printing. We're not really going

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Speaker 1: to touch on that. We talked about that in previous

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Speaker 1: episodes of tech Stuff, but it is one of those

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Speaker 1: things where suddenly we have to worry about how do

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Speaker 1: we protect the design of a physical object. Now that

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Speaker 1: it's possible, at least depending upon the object, to make

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Speaker 1: a duplicate of that, you know, without going to the

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Speaker 1: original source, which is that's kind of interesting that we

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Speaker 1: live in that world now. But Anyway, the three D

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Speaker 1: printing as a whole got started in industries like automotive

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Speaker 1: and aerospace, where it was used in prototyping. It wasn't

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Speaker 1: even called three D printing originally and had lots of

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Speaker 1: different names depending upon the specif offic approach, But now

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Speaker 1: we kind of use three D printing as an overall

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Speaker 1: term for anything that's using this kind of additive manufacturing

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Speaker 1: approach where you're laying down layer by layer. They have

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Speaker 1: different implementations, but they're all based on a similar process.

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Speaker 1: Of course, i'd imagine once we're talking about industrial uses,

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Speaker 1: we're not just talking about plastic. I mean, the consumer

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Speaker 1: models are probably going to be printing in plastic, but

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Speaker 1: really you can print in pretty much anything that can

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Speaker 1: be melted and then resolidify in a way that is useful. Yeah,

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Speaker 1: you can even do things like, uh, you're not really

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Speaker 1: printing in wood, but you can print a material that

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Speaker 1: simulates would. So there's all sorts of things that you

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Speaker 1: can find in the industrial world. Now, granted, those printers

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Speaker 1: are a little pricing. We're talking like thousands of dollars.

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Speaker 1: That's why it's out of the consumer range. Yeah, the

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Speaker 1: consumer models tend to be between about a thousand and

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Speaker 1: five thousand dollars these days. Well, there there are actually

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Speaker 1: some really cheap ones. Don't know how much you can

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Speaker 1: do with them, but you can get a three D

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Speaker 1: printer for a few hundred bucks. Yes, I don't know

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Speaker 1: how capable it is. But the one we have in

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Speaker 1: the office, the dual extruder that can print in two

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Speaker 1: different it was which you know, it's not like that's

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Speaker 1: an insignificant amount of money, but it does put it

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Speaker 1: within the realm of the consumer market, which is interesting,

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Speaker 1: and I think that's pretty cheap for its size. Yes, yeah, no,

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Speaker 1: it really is. Because I've seen maker bots, which maker

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Speaker 1: Bot three D printers are great to the one we

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Speaker 1: have is as a mono price three D printer. Uh.

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Speaker 1: The maker bot ones are really good too, but they

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Speaker 1: are um they also tend to be a little more expensive.

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Speaker 1: So it's interesting that we're now getting to this point

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Speaker 1: where consumers can have this uh this access themselves. And

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Speaker 1: we'll talk more about the experience of using those in

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Speaker 1: a minute, but first I want to kind of look

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Speaker 1: ahead and say, what are some of the crazy ways

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Speaker 1: that three D printers are being used right now? Like,

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Speaker 1: what are or being proposed for the future. Um and

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Speaker 1: actually the ones we're talking about now, they've all been

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Speaker 1: used in some form or another. Uh, maybe not to

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Speaker 1: a point where we can all get our hands on

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Speaker 1: the stuff, but it's it's these are actual projects that

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Speaker 1: are happening now. Yeah. How about three D printing of buildings? Yeah,

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Speaker 1: this actually is not that new of an idea, the

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Speaker 1: one that the contour crafting one, which I have actually

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Speaker 1: listed second in my notes. Contour Crafting started back in

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Speaker 1: the mid two thousand's, but the idea has really taken

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Speaker 1: off since there's been a you know, this whole slew

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Speaker 1: of information about three D printing in general. Well, I mean,

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Speaker 1: depending on how weird you want to get. Didn't like

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Speaker 1: Thomas Edison have this idea about pouring concrete into these

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Speaker 1: molds to create houses. He may have that rings about

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Speaker 1: Maybe I'm just maybe that's not true. Well, this kind

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Speaker 1: of gun in the news again not too long ago

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Speaker 1: when a company called win Soon, a Chinese company, began

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Speaker 1: to demonstrate three D printers printing houses. They said they

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Speaker 1: could print ten houses in a day using four massive

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Speaker 1: three D printers. When I say massive, I'm talking about

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Speaker 1: ten ms wide. That's about thirty three ft by six

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Speaker 1: point six meters tall, that's twenty two ft. These are

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Speaker 1: big printers, and they were using four of them. Now

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Speaker 1: they printed the houses and pieces and then they had

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Speaker 1: to be put together. Now, these aren't These aren't design

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Speaker 1: necessarily like the three D printers you'll see sitting on

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Speaker 1: a table somewhere, usually where there's an external rigid structure

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Speaker 1: and then you print within it. Right, that doesn't work

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Speaker 1: so well with houses. Now these look like giant arms. Now,

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Speaker 1: grant again, since these were printing in in pieces, they

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Speaker 1: were just sort of printing walls or roofs, that kind

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Speaker 1: of thing um, and they would lay down the the

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Speaker 1: geometric pattern to kind of give stability for things like

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Speaker 1: corners stuff like that. And they're using concrete and other

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Speaker 1: recycled construction waste material to try and cut down on

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Speaker 1: on on materials that need to be used in the

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Speaker 1: actual three D process. And if you look at it,

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Speaker 1: if you watch the videos, it certainly doesn't look like

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Speaker 1: a three D printer of the way I had described earlier,

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Speaker 1: where you're adding thin layer to thin layer. It looks

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Speaker 1: kind of like a frosting pipe. It like if you're

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Speaker 1: piping frosting onto a cake at the big blobs of

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Speaker 1: concrete being laid down one after the other, which makes

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Speaker 1: sense because if you're building something as large as that

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Speaker 1: as a house, you can't be laying down micron thick layers.

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Speaker 1: You would take forever to finish a project, um, and

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Speaker 1: you certainly wouldn't be able to build ten in a

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Speaker 1: day even using four of these things. So it's the

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Speaker 1: layers are much thicker. But it was really interesting to

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Speaker 1: see this approach. The houses are pretty modest. They could

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Speaker 1: do two stories, but again it was all printed in

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Speaker 1: separate pieces that would have to be as symboled later

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Speaker 1: by by a crew, so it's not like it was

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Speaker 1: printing it from the floor to the ceiling and one piece.

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Speaker 1: But it was still pretty interesting, very very simple, like

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Speaker 1: you know, front door, back door, no rooms type of thing.

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Speaker 1: It was more of a kind of proof of concept,

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Speaker 1: the idea that this could be a way to to

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Speaker 1: provide housing, either in emergency situations or even as a

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Speaker 1: way of you know, if if we're given more funding

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Speaker 1: than we can build actual you know, nice houses and

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Speaker 1: not just a glorified room with a couple of doors. Um.

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Speaker 1: But it's not the only one the Contour Crafting company

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Speaker 1: I mentioned before that came out of a project from

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Speaker 1: the University of Southern California, and it's an even larger

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Speaker 1: UH proposed three D printer. There, they've built some that

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Speaker 1: were able to build walls very similar to the one

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Speaker 1: from wind Soon, but the big Daddy would be mounted

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Speaker 1: on a rail system, so it could actually roll up

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Speaker 1: and down this rail system. You have rails that would

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Speaker 1: be on either side of the print site, right, and

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Speaker 1: you would be printing in between the rails. The printer

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Speaker 1: itself would be kind of like a U shaped and

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Speaker 1: upside down you shape on top of this rail system,

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Speaker 1: and the print head would be able to move all

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Speaker 1: uh left and right and and up and down the

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Speaker 1: whole build site. You can build an entire house in

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Speaker 1: one piece, so with multiple rooms and multiple floors. So

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Speaker 1: it was really an interesting approach. And Hi, Yeah, we'll

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Speaker 1: talk about adhesion failures at length later, but the it

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Speaker 1: was really cool seeing how this this would work. And

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Speaker 1: again it was one of those things proposed for things

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Speaker 1: like a people are displaced after a disaster, like imagine

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Speaker 1: something like this after the Hurricane Katrina hit New Orleans,

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Speaker 1: being able to print housing for people so that they're

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Speaker 1: not all having to stay in a giant stadium in

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Speaker 1: decreasing conditions, rapidly decreasing conditions. Um, you know, it could

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Speaker 1: definitely be really useful, and it really brings down the

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Speaker 1: cost of fabricating something like that, and also the time,

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Speaker 1: Like if you can print a house in twenty four hours,

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Speaker 1: I mean, I don't know if you've noticed any housing

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Speaker 1: projects going up anywhere, but they tend to take some

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Speaker 1: time start to finish. If you're able to do that

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Speaker 1: in a span of twenty four hours, that's incredible. So

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Speaker 1: certainly has its place, So that that was one of

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Speaker 1: the the uses we wanted to talk about. So I

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Speaker 1: got one that we came across actually when Lauren and

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Speaker 1: I were doing Forward Thinking episode without you about food replicators.

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Speaker 1: You know this, this is interesting to me. So food

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Speaker 1: replicators of course, the dream technology from Star Trek where

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Speaker 1: it's just pulling atoms from anywhere and then building dream

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Speaker 1: food on it. Essentially that's sort of the same thing

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Speaker 1: as the molecular assembler you've heard about from the Gray

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Speaker 1: Goose scenario. And we concluded that we don't think that

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Speaker 1: this is very likely anytime soon. Um, if it's ever

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Speaker 1: going to happen at all. But we also talked about, well,

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Speaker 1: what are the things that that are sort of in

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Speaker 1: that realm, and a lot of people when they saw

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Speaker 1: that people were using three D printers to create food,

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Speaker 1: they said, Okay, it's the Star Trek replicator. It's not,

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Speaker 1: but it is very interesting. I don't know if I'd

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Speaker 1: want to eat any of this food. But who's looking

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Speaker 1: into it? Well, actually a NASA was looking into it,

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Speaker 1: and there's so there's more than one group. There are

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Speaker 1: some private companies that are making just consumer food three

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Speaker 1: D printers for your home to make the you know,

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Speaker 1: little desserts and tortellinis and strange things like that in UM.

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Speaker 1: But the big one was NASA. So NASA was working

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Speaker 1: with this company to create three D printing technologies for space.

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Speaker 1: And I guess the idea is that it can sort

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Speaker 1: of help give astronauts some of the comforts of home.

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Speaker 1: So instead of having all of your food decided upon

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Speaker 1: in advance, and you may or may not have much

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Speaker 1: of us say in it, so you know, in space

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Speaker 1: you typically are eating from these prepackaged food things little

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Speaker 1: bags since be kind of pasteish. Yeah, that they want

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Speaker 1: to minimize crumbs and things like that that could float

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Speaker 1: away and get clogged in instruments, she needs to be

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Speaker 1: things that are very easy to glob together and eat

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Speaker 1: quickly out of the package. I've read reports that the

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Speaker 1: astronauts really like the shrimp cocktail, which sounds do I'm suspicious,

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Speaker 1: but I'd be willing to try it after after my

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Speaker 1: MRI experience, I'm I'm pretty much ready for any of those,

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Speaker 1: so I'd give it a go. Well, anyway, so you

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Speaker 1: can actually go online and watch videos of this prototype

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Speaker 1: right now. They they've filmed early versions of the three

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Speaker 1: D printed pizza. And the way this sort of works

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Speaker 1: is that it works because you're using foods that can

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Speaker 1: be easily sort of put into a homogeneous container and

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Speaker 1: then extruded in different layers. So if your ingredients are

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Speaker 1: some kind of starchy dope paste, some kind of tomato

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Speaker 1: based paste, and some kind of cheese paste, right, you

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Speaker 1: can make you can print a pizza, you know. So

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Speaker 1: the idea being that if you could get enough basic

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Speaker 1: ingredients and then combine them in different ways, you could

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Speaker 1: theoretically make a lot of different types of food, or

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Speaker 1: at least food that tastes and has different textures from

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Speaker 1: each other, which would be important for deep space missions. Right.

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Speaker 1: The whole idea here is that the astronauts would have

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Speaker 1: more choices so they wouldn't end up eating the same

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Speaker 1: thing day after day after day and then risk space madness. Um,

404
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Speaker 1: that's certainly what would happen to me. I'm like, I

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Speaker 1: am not having this terrible reconstituted imitation crab paste again.

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Speaker 1: I gotta have something else. Um. And also still be

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Speaker 1: able to provide the nutritional value necessary to maintain your

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Speaker 1: health in space, which we've talked about and forward thinking.

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Speaker 1: It's not easy to do that. Keeping keeping healthy in

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Speaker 1: space really hard because space is trying to kill you

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Speaker 1: in multiple ways. So um, it's you know, it needs

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Speaker 1: to be nutritious. It needs to be tasty, because you

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Speaker 1: don't want it to be unpleasant, especially for a deep

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Speaker 1: space kind of thing, where again space madness. And and

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Speaker 1: have that variety, at least the illusion of variety. Even

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Speaker 1: if the basic ingredients are all like maybe it's limited

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Speaker 1: to something like twenty different basic ingredients, you could put

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Speaker 1: up a great variety of things just by playing with

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Speaker 1: how much of each ingredient goes into a particular dish,

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Speaker 1: and the description I read even had it where they

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Speaker 1: were printing essentially the taste and smell and the nutrients

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Speaker 1: on top of the finished product. Anyway, so you could

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Speaker 1: play with all the sort of stuff and create all

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Speaker 1: these different textures and tastes and uh and again you're

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Speaker 1: just using that basic stuff, which it's it's an interesting idea.

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Speaker 1: I'd I'd be willing to try it just to see

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Speaker 1: how uh how different to quote unquote different dishes would

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Speaker 1: actually taste and feel. I'd want to I'd want to

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Speaker 1: see imagining the glitch where it prints you a pizza,

430
00:23:02,440 --> 00:23:05,719
Speaker 1: but it makes it smell like cherry pie, right and

431
00:23:05,760 --> 00:23:09,280
Speaker 1: it ends up tasting like tasting like duck lange, and

432
00:23:10,040 --> 00:23:14,760
Speaker 1: what is going on? My brain is broken? Uh yeah.

433
00:23:14,840 --> 00:23:17,720
Speaker 1: So anyway, that's not so great at averting space madness then,

434
00:23:18,040 --> 00:23:21,200
Speaker 1: But let's let's stay on the topic of space. Okay, okay,

435
00:23:21,200 --> 00:23:23,560
Speaker 1: but not in space madness kind of way. Uh So,

436
00:23:23,640 --> 00:23:25,840
Speaker 1: three D printers are starting to take a larger role

437
00:23:25,920 --> 00:23:29,000
Speaker 1: in space industry in general, not just in the food

438
00:23:29,119 --> 00:23:33,120
Speaker 1: but in building stuff that allows us to get into space. Sure. Yeah, well,

439
00:23:33,160 --> 00:23:35,560
Speaker 1: I mean we're back to the old thing we were

440
00:23:35,560 --> 00:23:39,760
Speaker 1: talking about the prototyping, right, except making actual parts we're

441
00:23:39,760 --> 00:23:43,040
Speaker 1: going to use. To the point, right, we're no longer

442
00:23:43,119 --> 00:23:45,440
Speaker 1: just talking about printing a prototype that we test and

443
00:23:45,480 --> 00:23:47,680
Speaker 1: then we end up making the final product based upon

444
00:23:47,680 --> 00:23:50,320
Speaker 1: that prototype. We're actually talking about using three D printers

445
00:23:50,359 --> 00:23:54,960
Speaker 1: to build the parts themselves. So space X is Dragon

446
00:23:55,040 --> 00:23:59,280
Speaker 1: V two space capsule is amazing, it's super cool. There

447
00:23:59,320 --> 00:24:02,120
Speaker 1: was a big veiling event where Elon Musk came out

448
00:24:02,160 --> 00:24:04,920
Speaker 1: and said, take a look at this beauty here, and

449
00:24:05,040 --> 00:24:09,600
Speaker 1: it it's probably the first, uh space capsule I've seen

450
00:24:09,720 --> 00:24:12,479
Speaker 1: where it's supposed to be an actual working space capsule

451
00:24:12,520 --> 00:24:15,399
Speaker 1: and it looks like something from science fiction. So instead

452
00:24:15,400 --> 00:24:18,320
Speaker 1: of having that those massive control panels that have just

453
00:24:18,400 --> 00:24:21,640
Speaker 1: tons of switches and buttons and things that are completely

454
00:24:22,080 --> 00:24:24,960
Speaker 1: unidentifiable to me, as like like trying to fly the

455
00:24:24,960 --> 00:24:27,320
Speaker 1: Millennium Falcon where you just have all these switches and

456
00:24:27,320 --> 00:24:31,360
Speaker 1: you're like, how does this actually an iPad? Yeah, that's

457
00:24:31,359 --> 00:24:33,080
Speaker 1: what the new one looks like. It's got these giant

458
00:24:33,200 --> 00:24:38,000
Speaker 1: screens and a lot of it looks more intuitive and sleek,

459
00:24:38,400 --> 00:24:43,200
Speaker 1: which is pretty interesting. But beyond that, it's also got

460
00:24:43,240 --> 00:24:49,000
Speaker 1: these super Draco sixteen thousand pound thrust engines four of them,

461
00:24:49,080 --> 00:24:51,640
Speaker 1: and those have engine chambers that were made by three

462
00:24:51,720 --> 00:24:55,960
Speaker 1: D printers. It did not use plastic, which you would

463
00:24:56,359 --> 00:24:59,400
Speaker 1: I hope not because you imagine that the temperatures would

464
00:24:59,400 --> 00:25:03,080
Speaker 1: probably be a of that melting point. Instead, it used

465
00:25:03,400 --> 00:25:08,560
Speaker 1: direct metal laser centering UH centering s I n T

466
00:25:08,880 --> 00:25:12,200
Speaker 1: E R I n G. So this is where you

467
00:25:12,280 --> 00:25:15,640
Speaker 1: take a powder in this case of metal powder, and

468
00:25:15,720 --> 00:25:19,560
Speaker 1: you center you turn it into solid material through heat

469
00:25:19,720 --> 00:25:21,840
Speaker 1: or pressure. In this case, we're talking about heat which

470
00:25:21,880 --> 00:25:26,240
Speaker 1: is provided by a laser. So you shoot this laser

471
00:25:26,280 --> 00:25:28,439
Speaker 1: at the metal powder and you lay the metal powder

472
00:25:28,440 --> 00:25:31,359
Speaker 1: down layer by layer, and through this process, which is

473
00:25:31,560 --> 00:25:34,320
Speaker 1: very similar to the three D partwers we see in

474
00:25:34,800 --> 00:25:37,919
Speaker 1: the consumer market, is just using a different implementation, you

475
00:25:38,280 --> 00:25:41,400
Speaker 1: build the object you need, in this case, the engine chambers.

476
00:25:41,440 --> 00:25:44,840
Speaker 1: So it's really cool to me that three D printerers

477
00:25:44,840 --> 00:25:48,440
Speaker 1: could help us actually get into space, and beyond that,

478
00:25:48,640 --> 00:25:51,760
Speaker 1: we're talking about eventually having three D printers in space

479
00:25:51,760 --> 00:25:54,760
Speaker 1: where you can print things like tools that you might

480
00:25:54,800 --> 00:25:57,679
Speaker 1: need or even replacement parts for the spacecraft you're in.

481
00:25:58,640 --> 00:26:01,720
Speaker 1: I mean, they're your order back to the replicator, except

482
00:26:02,119 --> 00:26:05,639
Speaker 1: obviously it can't make it from atoms and you probably

483
00:26:05,720 --> 00:26:08,800
Speaker 1: can't make anything, no, you would, You would be limited

484
00:26:08,840 --> 00:26:14,280
Speaker 1: by both materials, materials and whatever your printers dimensions are. Nevertheless,

485
00:26:14,320 --> 00:26:17,680
Speaker 1: this could be really, really useful in space. I mean,

486
00:26:17,920 --> 00:26:21,160
Speaker 1: just one example I thought of is obviously they didn't

487
00:26:21,200 --> 00:26:24,159
Speaker 1: have kind of sophisticated three D printers back then. To

488
00:26:24,240 --> 00:26:27,959
Speaker 1: think about Apollo thirteen when they had to on the

489
00:26:28,000 --> 00:26:31,040
Speaker 1: fly build a I believe it was a CEO to scrubber.

490
00:26:31,119 --> 00:26:33,679
Speaker 1: It was some kind of it was a ventilation tool

491
00:26:33,840 --> 00:26:37,800
Speaker 1: that they needed, but they didn't have an extra one aboard,

492
00:26:38,520 --> 00:26:40,840
Speaker 1: and so they were having a deadly build up of

493
00:26:40,840 --> 00:26:45,000
Speaker 1: CEO two in the capsule and they had to improvise one. Basically,

494
00:26:45,000 --> 00:26:47,359
Speaker 1: they had some guys trying to figure out how to

495
00:26:47,400 --> 00:26:50,359
Speaker 1: put one together based on the stuff they had lying around,

496
00:26:50,680 --> 00:26:52,480
Speaker 1: and they sort of did get it working. But I mean,

497
00:26:52,520 --> 00:26:55,000
Speaker 1: imagine if they could have just loaded up the virtual

498
00:26:55,080 --> 00:26:57,720
Speaker 1: CEO too scrubber on the computer and pressed print to

499
00:26:57,720 --> 00:27:00,320
Speaker 1: get a new one. Yeah. Yeah, that's a great ex ample.

500
00:27:00,720 --> 00:27:02,800
Speaker 1: That could very well be the sort of thing we

501
00:27:02,840 --> 00:27:06,240
Speaker 1: see in the future. Um. It also helps because it's

502
00:27:06,280 --> 00:27:08,840
Speaker 1: expensive to launch stuff into space. I mean, it's incredibly

503
00:27:08,840 --> 00:27:12,480
Speaker 1: expensive because of the fuel and and you know, SpaceX

504
00:27:12,640 --> 00:27:15,359
Speaker 1: it's looking to try and bring those costs down by

505
00:27:15,440 --> 00:27:18,680
Speaker 1: using as many reusable features as possible, so that way

506
00:27:18,720 --> 00:27:21,040
Speaker 1: you don't have to build a brand new vehicle every

507
00:27:21,080 --> 00:27:23,159
Speaker 1: single time you want to launch something up into space.

508
00:27:23,560 --> 00:27:25,400
Speaker 1: But even so, you still have a lot of expenses,

509
00:27:25,440 --> 00:27:27,320
Speaker 1: and it's it costs a huge amount of money just

510
00:27:27,320 --> 00:27:31,280
Speaker 1: just send a couple of pounds of stuff up into space. Uh. Now,

511
00:27:31,320 --> 00:27:34,320
Speaker 1: add on to that that, if you're having actual parts

512
00:27:34,359 --> 00:27:37,639
Speaker 1: that you need to send up that takes up physical space,

513
00:27:37,640 --> 00:27:40,320
Speaker 1: it's not just the weight that actually takes up room.

514
00:27:40,359 --> 00:27:42,360
Speaker 1: If you were able to send just the raw material

515
00:27:42,480 --> 00:27:45,320
Speaker 1: up the toner in this case to a three D printer,

516
00:27:45,600 --> 00:27:48,040
Speaker 1: you could conserve at least the space part. The weight

517
00:27:48,080 --> 00:27:51,639
Speaker 1: would still be ultimately the same, but one way it

518
00:27:51,720 --> 00:27:54,720
Speaker 1: might affect the way. I don't know how often astronauts

519
00:27:54,840 --> 00:27:56,840
Speaker 1: use all the tools they take. I mean, what if

520
00:27:56,880 --> 00:27:59,000
Speaker 1: it is the case that you you take up more

521
00:27:59,040 --> 00:28:02,520
Speaker 1: than you need just in case, um, maybe all you

522
00:28:02,640 --> 00:28:04,560
Speaker 1: need to take in this case would be again the

523
00:28:04,880 --> 00:28:08,040
Speaker 1: raw materials and the virtual objects, and then so you

524
00:28:08,040 --> 00:28:10,000
Speaker 1: don't have to take all these tools that you never

525
00:28:10,119 --> 00:28:13,520
Speaker 1: end up using. I need to use this one. In

526
00:28:13,520 --> 00:28:15,760
Speaker 1: a few minutes, I'm going to print one, Like, seriously,

527
00:28:15,800 --> 00:28:18,200
Speaker 1: I can't find the nail clippers again, where do these

528
00:28:18,200 --> 00:28:21,520
Speaker 1: things go off? To just print me a new one.

529
00:28:22,240 --> 00:28:24,199
Speaker 1: I'm just thinking of my own self here, all right,

530
00:28:24,240 --> 00:28:27,400
Speaker 1: And then moving on from space, there's also the use

531
00:28:27,400 --> 00:28:30,960
Speaker 1: of three D printers in medicine. One of the stories

532
00:28:30,960 --> 00:28:33,480
Speaker 1: that I looked at was a student by the name

533
00:28:33,480 --> 00:28:38,680
Speaker 1: of Deniz Karashian who built a new kind of cast

534
00:28:39,080 --> 00:28:41,880
Speaker 1: for broken bones using a three D printer. And it

535
00:28:41,880 --> 00:28:45,240
Speaker 1: looks kind of like you're wearing super heavy fish nets

536
00:28:45,720 --> 00:28:47,600
Speaker 1: on whatever limb you have to have. It's got this

537
00:28:47,680 --> 00:28:50,400
Speaker 1: kind of web pattern, so there's parts of your skin

538
00:28:50,440 --> 00:28:53,160
Speaker 1: are left open to the air, but it is there

539
00:28:53,200 --> 00:28:56,520
Speaker 1: to stabilize the limb. So it's doing the same thing

540
00:28:56,720 --> 00:29:00,520
Speaker 1: as a plaster cast. But because you're skin is still

541
00:29:00,600 --> 00:29:02,240
Speaker 1: left open to the air, you don't have to worry

542
00:29:02,240 --> 00:29:04,160
Speaker 1: about one. You don't have to worry about it getting

543
00:29:04,160 --> 00:29:06,920
Speaker 1: wet and then suddenly getting all stinky and nasty and stuff. Oh,

544
00:29:07,000 --> 00:29:12,240
Speaker 1: you could probably scratch and yeah. And also on a

545
00:29:12,960 --> 00:29:16,200
Speaker 1: slightly more therapeutic note, besides just you know, relieving an itch,

546
00:29:16,840 --> 00:29:20,920
Speaker 1: you could use a technique called low intensity pulsed ultrasound

547
00:29:21,040 --> 00:29:26,240
Speaker 1: or lipus, which can possibly help broken bones heal by

548
00:29:26,280 --> 00:29:31,520
Speaker 1: stimulating UH the healing by you actually beam ultrasonic frequencies

549
00:29:31,560 --> 00:29:34,440
Speaker 1: through the skin into the bone. But the problem with

550
00:29:34,440 --> 00:29:36,719
Speaker 1: that is that you usually have to have contact with

551
00:29:36,800 --> 00:29:40,600
Speaker 1: the skin in order to get an effective UM beam

552
00:29:40,760 --> 00:29:44,240
Speaker 1: to the bone itself, and if you're wearing a plaster cast,

553
00:29:44,400 --> 00:29:48,920
Speaker 1: then that will block the ultrasonic frequencies. UM. There's still

554
00:29:48,960 --> 00:29:52,560
Speaker 1: some controversy or at least some debate about how effective

555
00:29:52,640 --> 00:29:55,600
Speaker 1: lipus is in this particular approach. I've never even heard

556
00:29:55,600 --> 00:29:59,120
Speaker 1: of that was. So does it stimulate the osteoblasts to

557
00:29:59,280 --> 00:30:04,160
Speaker 1: make new It's it's actually pretty complex, and the hypotheses

558
00:30:04,240 --> 00:30:07,680
Speaker 1: about what the mechanism is that there's some disagreement with

559
00:30:07,760 --> 00:30:10,080
Speaker 1: that as well. So it's one of those things that

560
00:30:10,200 --> 00:30:14,800
Speaker 1: still depending upon the study you read, is really promising

561
00:30:15,080 --> 00:30:18,880
Speaker 1: or it's negligible. So it depends upon what you're looking at.

562
00:30:18,960 --> 00:30:20,400
Speaker 1: I think that's one going to be one of those

563
00:30:20,400 --> 00:30:21,840
Speaker 1: things where we still need to see a lot more

564
00:30:21,880 --> 00:30:24,240
Speaker 1: work done in that field and research to make sure

565
00:30:24,280 --> 00:30:30,000
Speaker 1: that it's UH, that it's actually efficacious, But UH it's promising.

566
00:30:30,480 --> 00:30:33,520
Speaker 1: So and at any rate, even if even if that

567
00:30:33,680 --> 00:30:37,840
Speaker 1: turns out to not work, the ultrasonic approach and still scratch, yeah,

568
00:30:37,840 --> 00:30:39,960
Speaker 1: you can still scratch. Yeah. So if you've ever had

569
00:30:39,960 --> 00:30:41,880
Speaker 1: a broken bone, like a broken leg or a broken

570
00:30:41,960 --> 00:30:44,480
Speaker 1: arm where you had to wear that plaster cast and

571
00:30:44,520 --> 00:30:46,800
Speaker 1: you know how irritating that could be, just imagine if

572
00:30:46,840 --> 00:30:50,480
Speaker 1: that was just a plastic webli case and they could

573
00:30:50,480 --> 00:30:53,280
Speaker 1: print these into two pieces and it just snaps onto

574
00:30:53,320 --> 00:30:57,680
Speaker 1: your limb. So also means that it's pretty easy to

575
00:30:57,720 --> 00:31:00,600
Speaker 1: take it off too, so it's not like, you know, uh,

576
00:31:00,640 --> 00:31:02,520
Speaker 1: as as big a deal as it would be with plaster.

577
00:31:02,880 --> 00:31:06,480
Speaker 1: But you can also print body parts like a prosthesis.

578
00:31:07,520 --> 00:31:09,560
Speaker 1: We've seen that in the past as well, people getting

579
00:31:10,200 --> 00:31:15,320
Speaker 1: prosthetic hands or prosthetic arms or prosthetic legs and printing them. Uh. There,

580
00:31:15,440 --> 00:31:19,320
Speaker 1: I guess here's where the sort of endless customization sort

581
00:31:19,320 --> 00:31:23,080
Speaker 1: of helps certain exactly to what your need is. Yeah,

582
00:31:23,120 --> 00:31:26,760
Speaker 1: And there are open source projects where it's the attempt

583
00:31:26,840 --> 00:31:31,360
Speaker 1: is to bring down the cost of developing a prosthetic

584
00:31:31,400 --> 00:31:35,120
Speaker 1: because they are very expensive and so it puts it

585
00:31:35,160 --> 00:31:37,560
Speaker 1: out of out of the range of a lot of people.

586
00:31:37,560 --> 00:31:40,920
Speaker 1: Who need it, And there's the hope that through three

587
00:31:41,000 --> 00:31:44,400
Speaker 1: D printers and by creating models that are very effective,

588
00:31:45,040 --> 00:31:47,680
Speaker 1: even if they are rudimentary compared to state of the

589
00:31:47,840 --> 00:31:52,320
Speaker 1: art robotic prostheses, they can help people who otherwise would

590
00:31:52,320 --> 00:31:55,240
Speaker 1: go without. So that's really cool. And then there's also

591
00:31:55,320 --> 00:31:59,760
Speaker 1: just printing things like a replacement joint. Um. That's something

592
00:31:59,800 --> 00:32:02,400
Speaker 1: that I'm seeing three D printers used for to print

593
00:32:02,440 --> 00:32:05,360
Speaker 1: something like a hip replacement, so that you get something

594
00:32:05,400 --> 00:32:08,520
Speaker 1: specifically tailored to the person the patient, so you don't

595
00:32:08,560 --> 00:32:11,760
Speaker 1: have to worry about, you know, being approximately what the

596
00:32:11,760 --> 00:32:14,560
Speaker 1: patient needs. You could you can make it precisely to

597
00:32:14,640 --> 00:32:17,720
Speaker 1: what the patient needs, So that's definitely useful. And then

598
00:32:17,920 --> 00:32:19,960
Speaker 1: if that's not cool enough, how about printing a new

599
00:32:20,120 --> 00:32:24,240
Speaker 1: organ like yeah, like a liver, not not like the

600
00:32:24,320 --> 00:32:28,120
Speaker 1: musical instrument, I mean like a human organ like box. No, no, no,

601
00:32:28,240 --> 00:32:31,120
Speaker 1: I'm talking about printing something like box liver, box liver,

602
00:32:31,440 --> 00:32:35,360
Speaker 1: box lungs or box heart. Um. So yeah, there's been

603
00:32:35,400 --> 00:32:38,600
Speaker 1: some early work with this and it's very promising. The

604
00:32:38,640 --> 00:32:40,960
Speaker 1: basic idea would be to take stem cells from the

605
00:32:40,960 --> 00:32:44,600
Speaker 1: transplant patient. This is under an ideal implementation, you take

606
00:32:44,640 --> 00:32:48,200
Speaker 1: stem cells from the transplant patient use those stem cells

607
00:32:48,200 --> 00:32:51,320
Speaker 1: to develop into whatever tissue is needed. So let's say

608
00:32:51,400 --> 00:32:53,320
Speaker 1: a patient who wants to have a who needs to

609
00:32:53,320 --> 00:32:56,320
Speaker 1: have a heart transplant. So you do it to print

610
00:32:56,520 --> 00:33:02,280
Speaker 1: a new heart, and you use essentially biological scaffold to

611
00:33:02,440 --> 00:33:05,880
Speaker 1: build to print the tissue on top of until you

612
00:33:05,920 --> 00:33:10,880
Speaker 1: have a working heart that you then can uh give

613
00:33:10,960 --> 00:33:14,040
Speaker 1: to the patient. You can you can surgically remove their

614
00:33:14,120 --> 00:33:16,640
Speaker 1: heart and replace it with the printed heart. And because

615
00:33:16,680 --> 00:33:20,000
Speaker 1: it comes from the patient's own stem cells, one, the

616
00:33:20,040 --> 00:33:22,640
Speaker 1: patient doesn't have to work wait for a suitable donor

617
00:33:22,960 --> 00:33:27,080
Speaker 1: because they are effectively their own donor. And two they

618
00:33:27,120 --> 00:33:29,880
Speaker 1: are less likely to have their body reject that organ

619
00:33:30,400 --> 00:33:33,920
Speaker 1: because it's based off their own biology. Now, there are

620
00:33:34,160 --> 00:33:37,560
Speaker 1: some big, big challenges with this because it's not just

621
00:33:37,640 --> 00:33:39,360
Speaker 1: printing the tissue that you need to do. You have

622
00:33:39,400 --> 00:33:42,080
Speaker 1: to print the tissue exactly correctly. You have to have

623
00:33:42,520 --> 00:33:46,760
Speaker 1: the the vasculization is what they call it. That's the

624
00:33:47,320 --> 00:33:51,520
Speaker 1: printing out the blood vessels so that the organs will

625
00:33:51,960 --> 00:33:54,440
Speaker 1: get the nutrients they need so they don't die, and

626
00:33:54,480 --> 00:33:58,560
Speaker 1: also have the pathway for uh anything that the organ's excrete,

627
00:33:58,640 --> 00:34:01,680
Speaker 1: so that they don't build up to Xin's that's really

628
00:34:01,720 --> 00:34:05,240
Speaker 1: complicated stuff. But I just read a report that said

629
00:34:05,280 --> 00:34:08,160
Speaker 1: scientists at the universities of Harvard, Stanford, m I T,

630
00:34:08,280 --> 00:34:10,439
Speaker 1: and Sydney have kind of reached a breakthrough with this,

631
00:34:11,040 --> 00:34:15,360
Speaker 1: and so it looks like the vascualization problem is a

632
00:34:15,400 --> 00:34:18,440
Speaker 1: little closer to being solved. It's not that we're going

633
00:34:18,480 --> 00:34:21,000
Speaker 1: to be seeing this technique used in the next year

634
00:34:21,120 --> 00:34:23,440
Speaker 1: or two years. This might be ten or fifteen years

635
00:34:23,480 --> 00:34:27,560
Speaker 1: down the line. But it's incredibly promising, which is really cool.

636
00:34:27,680 --> 00:34:30,560
Speaker 1: This idea of being able to take away one of

637
00:34:30,600 --> 00:34:34,279
Speaker 1: the big problems when it comes to transplant patients, which

638
00:34:34,320 --> 00:34:38,080
Speaker 1: is finding a suitable donor. I mean that's that there

639
00:34:38,080 --> 00:34:39,719
Speaker 1: are there are people who are having to wait for

640
00:34:39,800 --> 00:34:43,200
Speaker 1: years for that kind of thing, and and uh, this

641
00:34:43,280 --> 00:34:50,080
Speaker 1: has the potential to completely eliminate that. So anyway, it's yeah,

642
00:34:50,120 --> 00:34:53,200
Speaker 1: phenomenal stuff. And there are other really cool uses of

643
00:34:53,239 --> 00:34:55,640
Speaker 1: three D printers out there. But now that we talked

644
00:34:55,680 --> 00:34:58,480
Speaker 1: about the bleeding edge best of the best, that the

645
00:34:58,520 --> 00:35:01,280
Speaker 1: stuff we're gonna see in the future, let's talk about

646
00:35:01,320 --> 00:35:05,959
Speaker 1: a comedy of errors your experience using our three D printer.

647
00:35:06,080 --> 00:35:08,160
Speaker 1: And keep in mind this is not to say that

648
00:35:08,239 --> 00:35:10,160
Speaker 1: the three D printer we have is a bad one.

649
00:35:10,400 --> 00:35:13,799
Speaker 1: Oh no, it's just very particular. Well, there's sort of

650
00:35:13,840 --> 00:35:16,000
Speaker 1: this is sort of a comment. I've learned a lot

651
00:35:16,120 --> 00:35:20,200
Speaker 1: about the state of consumer three D printers lately. So

652
00:35:20,719 --> 00:35:22,719
Speaker 1: what have we made here in the office. Well, I

653
00:35:22,920 --> 00:35:26,680
Speaker 1: printed a little castle that's successfully printed all the way

654
00:35:26,719 --> 00:35:29,759
Speaker 1: up until um the little flagpole at the top of

655
00:35:29,760 --> 00:35:32,000
Speaker 1: the castle was supposed to come to a point, but

656
00:35:32,040 --> 00:35:36,719
Speaker 1: instead it comes to a globuler blah blah kind of

657
00:35:36,800 --> 00:35:38,839
Speaker 1: jab of the hut thing at the top of the flagpole.

658
00:35:40,040 --> 00:35:43,719
Speaker 1: I haven't quite figured out how to do points yet. Okay,

659
00:35:44,320 --> 00:35:47,520
Speaker 1: I've printed some Illuminati pyramids for the guys that stuff

660
00:35:47,560 --> 00:35:49,560
Speaker 1: they don't want you to know. So I just did

661
00:35:49,600 --> 00:35:52,279
Speaker 1: that by combining a pyramid with an eye and and

662
00:35:52,480 --> 00:35:56,560
Speaker 1: they have them yeah, and also with the initials I think,

663
00:35:56,640 --> 00:35:59,160
Speaker 1: didn't you Yeah, yeah, So along the bottom of the

664
00:35:59,160 --> 00:36:07,000
Speaker 1: pyramid is uh S T d W. However you pronum

665
00:36:07,080 --> 00:36:09,839
Speaker 1: eze stuff they don't want you to know. Um. I

666
00:36:09,920 --> 00:36:12,840
Speaker 1: designed a how stuff works logo Yeah that has a

667
00:36:12,840 --> 00:36:16,320
Speaker 1: big has a little question mark. Made a bunch of those,

668
00:36:16,480 --> 00:36:19,040
Speaker 1: and I put that together in an online cat I

669
00:36:19,080 --> 00:36:21,440
Speaker 1: can talk about in a minute, A couple of actually

670
00:36:21,480 --> 00:36:25,719
Speaker 1: functional whistles that at least fourteen people put their mouths on. Now, yeah,

671
00:36:25,239 --> 00:36:28,440
Speaker 1: I'm one of those people. I expect to have some

672
00:36:28,480 --> 00:36:32,240
Speaker 1: sort of crazy you'll contract mono anytime, you know. Yeah,

673
00:36:32,360 --> 00:36:34,680
Speaker 1: I certainly have started to lose interest in and uh

674
00:36:35,320 --> 00:36:38,880
Speaker 1: things like, um, you know work. I don't know if

675
00:36:38,880 --> 00:36:41,360
Speaker 1: that's mono or just that we have a holiday weekend

676
00:36:41,440 --> 00:36:44,560
Speaker 1: coming up after we finished this a podcast. Yeah, so

677
00:36:44,600 --> 00:36:47,560
Speaker 1: I've got a lot of malformed half whistles that are

678
00:36:47,760 --> 00:36:50,400
Speaker 1: or maybe more like one eighth of a whistle. Yeah,

679
00:36:50,520 --> 00:36:53,799
Speaker 1: it's kind of like what what whistles would look like

680
00:36:53,880 --> 00:36:56,960
Speaker 1: if they came from HP Lovecraft's mythology. Yeah, and then

681
00:36:57,000 --> 00:37:03,120
Speaker 1: I just massive, massive l graveyard of plastic hairballs and

682
00:37:03,280 --> 00:37:07,000
Speaker 1: plastic tumbleweeds. So for one thing we are, we are

683
00:37:07,040 --> 00:37:09,560
Speaker 1: printing with p l A. That's right, not not a BS.

684
00:37:09,640 --> 00:37:14,800
Speaker 1: So the different plastics have different strengths and weaknesses. I

685
00:37:14,960 --> 00:37:18,040
Speaker 1: learned p l A is I think a good thing

686
00:37:18,280 --> 00:37:21,600
Speaker 1: if you're just doing what we're doing, which is experimenting. Yeah,

687
00:37:21,840 --> 00:37:24,600
Speaker 1: it doesn't give off fumes like a BS does. In fact,

688
00:37:24,640 --> 00:37:26,880
Speaker 1: I was just reading because someone in our office was

689
00:37:27,160 --> 00:37:31,279
Speaker 1: I'd say, with perfectly good reason concerned, Um, should we

690
00:37:31,360 --> 00:37:34,799
Speaker 1: have that thing out printing while we're all sing around

691
00:37:34,840 --> 00:37:37,640
Speaker 1: and creating toxic fumes? That's going to make us all sick.

692
00:37:37,920 --> 00:37:41,200
Speaker 1: I read about it there. So apparently three D printing

693
00:37:41,360 --> 00:37:44,759
Speaker 1: has been measured to produce these tiny particles, you know,

694
00:37:44,840 --> 00:37:47,960
Speaker 1: these these little, very very small particles that when you

695
00:37:48,000 --> 00:37:50,520
Speaker 1: breathe in a whole lot of these particles, it may

696
00:37:50,600 --> 00:37:56,200
Speaker 1: be dangerous. Um, it doesn't seem to me. Now, this

697
00:37:56,239 --> 00:37:58,640
Speaker 1: doesn't mean please go huff your three D printers. From

698
00:37:58,640 --> 00:38:01,000
Speaker 1: what I can just tell on the reading I've done,

699
00:38:01,040 --> 00:38:03,080
Speaker 1: it doesn't seem to me like p L A has

700
00:38:03,120 --> 00:38:05,560
Speaker 1: got a lot to worry about. A B. S might

701
00:38:05,600 --> 00:38:07,680
Speaker 1: be a different question, and that that might be a

702
00:38:07,680 --> 00:38:11,560
Speaker 1: case where you really need some good ventilation. Um. And

703
00:38:11,560 --> 00:38:14,200
Speaker 1: and p l A, it said, had a lot fewer

704
00:38:14,239 --> 00:38:18,279
Speaker 1: of these particle emissions than maybe S did. So we've

705
00:38:18,280 --> 00:38:20,920
Speaker 1: been using p L A on a fast action dual

706
00:38:20,960 --> 00:38:23,640
Speaker 1: extruder three D printers. So dual extruder means you can

707
00:38:23,640 --> 00:38:27,920
Speaker 1: load two filaments up, you put two rollers of plastic

708
00:38:28,040 --> 00:38:32,799
Speaker 1: wire on the back of it, and this is what Yeah,

709
00:38:32,800 --> 00:38:35,360
Speaker 1: and it pulls these filaments up through the top and

710
00:38:35,400 --> 00:38:39,560
Speaker 1: these little tubes down to the extruders. The extruders heat

711
00:38:39,640 --> 00:38:42,759
Speaker 1: up the filament so that it becomes malten and it

712
00:38:42,880 --> 00:38:45,799
Speaker 1: drips out the end as the extruder moves along in

713
00:38:45,840 --> 00:38:49,879
Speaker 1: a preset pattern until the whole thing is laid down

714
00:38:49,960 --> 00:38:52,920
Speaker 1: and it's created. Um So, from what I've heard, this

715
00:38:52,960 --> 00:38:55,560
Speaker 1: printer is much faster than the one we used to

716
00:38:55,600 --> 00:38:58,880
Speaker 1: have in the AFIS. I never got to use that printer.

717
00:38:59,000 --> 00:39:01,759
Speaker 1: I have heard Annie and Video used it a lot,

718
00:39:02,360 --> 00:39:04,959
Speaker 1: but they said that it took that printer like all

719
00:39:05,040 --> 00:39:07,480
Speaker 1: day to print a little chess piece that we still have,

720
00:39:07,600 --> 00:39:09,799
Speaker 1: and this one can print pretty quickly. I think the

721
00:39:09,800 --> 00:39:12,960
Speaker 1: whistles we made took like thirty or forty minutes, so

722
00:39:13,320 --> 00:39:17,239
Speaker 1: that's fast. There's a lot I really like about three

723
00:39:17,320 --> 00:39:20,440
Speaker 1: D printing. Yeah, I really like how it gets you

724
00:39:20,520 --> 00:39:25,200
Speaker 1: from idea to object. It's um it's very cool to

725
00:39:25,320 --> 00:39:27,920
Speaker 1: design something in a virtual environment and then see it

726
00:39:28,000 --> 00:39:30,480
Speaker 1: become a real object that you hold in your hand,

727
00:39:30,800 --> 00:39:33,799
Speaker 1: to go from conceptual to physical. Right. Obviously, we've been

728
00:39:33,800 --> 00:39:36,640
Speaker 1: doing stuff like this with two D documents for years

729
00:39:36,680 --> 00:39:40,279
Speaker 1: and that's just not very impressive to us anymore. For

730
00:39:40,320 --> 00:39:41,839
Speaker 1: some reason, it seems like it should be. I means,

731
00:39:41,840 --> 00:39:44,720
Speaker 1: the same thing, you're taking a virtual document and suddenly

732
00:39:44,800 --> 00:39:47,000
Speaker 1: it becomes physical. But I don't know, that just doesn't

733
00:39:47,040 --> 00:39:50,200
Speaker 1: seem to be a big deal. But it is pleasing

734
00:39:50,200 --> 00:39:52,359
Speaker 1: to me to print a three D object in the

735
00:39:52,400 --> 00:39:55,280
Speaker 1: same way that it's pleasing to me to like find

736
00:39:55,400 --> 00:39:58,239
Speaker 1: a place based on a map. There's some kind of

737
00:39:58,280 --> 00:40:02,360
Speaker 1: deep comfort caused by the connect shin between your imagination

738
00:40:02,520 --> 00:40:04,879
Speaker 1: and material reality. I don't know is the thing that's

739
00:40:04,880 --> 00:40:08,480
Speaker 1: always been true for me. Um. Another thing about it

740
00:40:08,560 --> 00:40:12,000
Speaker 1: that's cool is also the reason it's kind of frustrating,

741
00:40:12,080 --> 00:40:15,600
Speaker 1: which is that three D printing is much more widespread

742
00:40:15,600 --> 00:40:17,200
Speaker 1: than it used to be on one hand, but on

743
00:40:17,239 --> 00:40:19,920
Speaker 1: the other hand, it's still sort of in the geek space.

744
00:40:20,600 --> 00:40:24,160
Speaker 1: We're still working it out. Uh. And I think that

745
00:40:24,440 --> 00:40:26,720
Speaker 1: most three D printers, certainly the one I've been working

746
00:40:26,760 --> 00:40:29,280
Speaker 1: with and all the different ones I've been reading about

747
00:40:29,320 --> 00:40:32,600
Speaker 1: online and these forums have been consulting for pointers on

748
00:40:32,640 --> 00:40:35,920
Speaker 1: how to fix the problems I've been having. It's not

749
00:40:36,200 --> 00:40:39,240
Speaker 1: three D printers these days aren't like buying a new iPad.

750
00:40:39,960 --> 00:40:43,040
Speaker 1: You know what, what is it? Apple hardware? They've always

751
00:40:43,080 --> 00:40:45,719
Speaker 1: said about it it just works, right, that's sort of

752
00:40:45,760 --> 00:40:48,760
Speaker 1: the slogan. Yeah, it's not even like printing, like getting

753
00:40:48,960 --> 00:40:51,959
Speaker 1: a regular printer, that's just plug and play, right, Because

754
00:40:51,960 --> 00:40:54,520
Speaker 1: a regular printer these days, you can get a printer

755
00:40:54,960 --> 00:40:58,080
Speaker 1: that hooks up via USB to your computer. You don't

756
00:40:58,080 --> 00:41:00,279
Speaker 1: even have to install any drivers or anything. It all

757
00:41:00,320 --> 00:41:03,040
Speaker 1: looks for everything for you, automatically installs the next thing

758
00:41:03,080 --> 00:41:05,760
Speaker 1: you know, you can print. Uh that's you know, we've

759
00:41:05,760 --> 00:41:08,960
Speaker 1: that that technology has reached maturity, right, but we're so

760
00:41:09,160 --> 00:41:12,600
Speaker 1: we're living in this world now that is dominated by

761
00:41:12,640 --> 00:41:16,520
Speaker 1: the philosophy of it just works. That's what technology should be.

762
00:41:16,600 --> 00:41:18,600
Speaker 1: So when you get a new iPad, you pull it

763
00:41:18,640 --> 00:41:20,520
Speaker 1: out of the box and it's ready to go. It's

764
00:41:20,560 --> 00:41:23,120
Speaker 1: got built in interfaces for pretty much everything you might

765
00:41:23,160 --> 00:41:26,320
Speaker 1: want to do. It's all there, and it's very obvious

766
00:41:26,400 --> 00:41:29,279
Speaker 1: and it's very easy. Uh, you don't have to open

767
00:41:29,360 --> 00:41:32,120
Speaker 1: up the hood customized and configure the settings. But from

768
00:41:32,160 --> 00:41:34,960
Speaker 1: my experience and from what I've read online, most or

769
00:41:35,000 --> 00:41:37,880
Speaker 1: all of the consumer three D printers these days, it

770
00:41:37,960 --> 00:41:40,799
Speaker 1: does not just work. You have to do a lot

771
00:41:40,840 --> 00:41:44,680
Speaker 1: of reconfiguration and fiddling with the machine and and messing

772
00:41:44,680 --> 00:41:46,480
Speaker 1: with the code to try to get things to come

773
00:41:46,480 --> 00:41:49,600
Speaker 1: out right. You've got to change the platform temperature, change

774
00:41:49,640 --> 00:41:52,640
Speaker 1: the extruder temperature. Maybe that's not right, Maybe change a

775
00:41:52,640 --> 00:41:56,200
Speaker 1: few more degrees level to build plate covering the platform with,

776
00:41:56,520 --> 00:41:58,960
Speaker 1: you know, just whatever you think can make it stick.

777
00:42:00,000 --> 00:42:02,560
Speaker 1: It's very interesting. So I had a lot of fun

778
00:42:02,719 --> 00:42:04,920
Speaker 1: doing this kind of trouble shooting, and I think a

779
00:42:04,920 --> 00:42:07,279
Speaker 1: lot of the people who have three D printers these

780
00:42:07,360 --> 00:42:10,280
Speaker 1: days are the kind of people who have fun trouble

781
00:42:10,280 --> 00:42:12,680
Speaker 1: shooting machines like that. It kind of reminds me of

782
00:42:12,680 --> 00:42:17,360
Speaker 1: the difference between Android and iOS. Android users tend or

783
00:42:17,360 --> 00:42:20,239
Speaker 1: at least they used to. It's got a lot closer.

784
00:42:20,400 --> 00:42:23,279
Speaker 1: The field is really narrowed quite a bit. But when

785
00:42:23,320 --> 00:42:26,040
Speaker 1: Android first came out, it was an operating system that

786
00:42:26,080 --> 00:42:30,279
Speaker 1: appealed to people who were willing to put in some

787
00:42:30,360 --> 00:42:33,280
Speaker 1: work to get the most out of their operating system.

788
00:42:33,320 --> 00:42:38,359
Speaker 1: Now iOS is a fantastic operating system and it does

789
00:42:38,440 --> 00:42:40,640
Speaker 1: really just work. Yeah. It's one of those you hear

790
00:42:40,680 --> 00:42:42,759
Speaker 1: stories all the time about how kids pick up an

791
00:42:42,800 --> 00:42:45,680
Speaker 1: iPhone and within seconds have figured out how to how

792
00:42:45,719 --> 00:42:48,360
Speaker 1: to navigate through it. They figured out how to zoom

793
00:42:48,400 --> 00:42:50,759
Speaker 1: and get out of that and and no one's told

794
00:42:50,760 --> 00:42:53,200
Speaker 1: them how it works. It just works because that's the

795
00:42:53,200 --> 00:42:55,239
Speaker 1: way it was designed from the ground up. It does

796
00:42:55,320 --> 00:42:57,160
Speaker 1: mean that you're limited in what you can do, but

797
00:42:57,239 --> 00:42:59,520
Speaker 1: what you can do is so there's so many, so

798
00:42:59,560 --> 00:43:01,440
Speaker 1: much varie and what you can do that it doesn't

799
00:43:01,520 --> 00:43:05,440
Speaker 1: feel like you're limited. Android os, you were less limited

800
00:43:05,440 --> 00:43:08,520
Speaker 1: in what you could do. But it also wasn't as intuitive,

801
00:43:08,560 --> 00:43:10,960
Speaker 1: and that seems to be where the three D printing

802
00:43:11,000 --> 00:43:14,160
Speaker 1: world is right now. It's not necessarily intuitive to work

803
00:43:14,160 --> 00:43:16,000
Speaker 1: with these things. You have to put in some work

804
00:43:16,360 --> 00:43:19,200
Speaker 1: to get the best results out of it. But if

805
00:43:19,200 --> 00:43:21,279
Speaker 1: you're willing to do that, you can get some pretty

806
00:43:21,320 --> 00:43:24,239
Speaker 1: incredible results. Right. And I also like how that has

807
00:43:24,400 --> 00:43:28,080
Speaker 1: created this cool community people online who use three D printers.

808
00:43:28,120 --> 00:43:29,520
Speaker 1: Like I said, I've been looking at a lot of

809
00:43:29,520 --> 00:43:31,520
Speaker 1: forums and stuff to try to figure out how to

810
00:43:31,560 --> 00:43:34,640
Speaker 1: fix the problems I've had. There there are online communities.

811
00:43:34,680 --> 00:43:38,080
Speaker 1: It is a tech community that people figuring out. Okay,

812
00:43:38,239 --> 00:43:40,520
Speaker 1: a lot of people have had this problem. Here's one

813
00:43:40,560 --> 00:43:42,680
Speaker 1: way that they often solved it. It doesn't make you

814
00:43:42,719 --> 00:43:45,680
Speaker 1: wonder who was the first person to attempt some of

815
00:43:45,719 --> 00:43:48,880
Speaker 1: the solutions, right right? Oh yeah, I mean people like

816
00:43:49,000 --> 00:43:52,880
Speaker 1: risk damaging their machines because yeah, because some of these cases,

817
00:43:52,920 --> 00:43:55,560
Speaker 1: like when you talking about the platform, that's the surface

818
00:43:55,719 --> 00:43:59,439
Speaker 1: upon which the three D printer lays down the plastic, right,

819
00:43:59,480 --> 00:44:02,560
Speaker 1: So and so some people have these crazy solutions like, Oh,

820
00:44:02,640 --> 00:44:04,319
Speaker 1: you can't get your p l A to stick to

821
00:44:04,360 --> 00:44:07,040
Speaker 1: the platform, try spraying it with hair spray. Yeah. I

822
00:44:07,080 --> 00:44:09,759
Speaker 1: mean who figured that out for the first time? Who

823
00:44:09,880 --> 00:44:12,000
Speaker 1: who risked putting that on there and then having it

824
00:44:12,080 --> 00:44:15,000
Speaker 1: baked onto it because because this platform does heat up.

825
00:44:15,440 --> 00:44:17,879
Speaker 1: He did, But I think not all platforms these things

826
00:44:17,920 --> 00:44:20,200
Speaker 1: that he did, but this one is um And So

827
00:44:20,320 --> 00:44:24,439
Speaker 1: this whole thing about the sort of the troubleshooting, open

828
00:44:24,560 --> 00:44:27,200
Speaker 1: up the hood, the techie side of the people who

829
00:44:27,280 --> 00:44:29,279
Speaker 1: use three D printers today, and how it seems to

830
00:44:29,280 --> 00:44:33,920
Speaker 1: me most or all consumer models are it makes me think, Wow,

831
00:44:34,239 --> 00:44:37,120
Speaker 1: what's it gonna be like when there is the first

832
00:44:37,280 --> 00:44:40,680
Speaker 1: three D printer that is like an Apple product, it's

833
00:44:41,680 --> 00:44:44,160
Speaker 1: the first three D printer that's just for people who

834
00:44:44,280 --> 00:44:47,920
Speaker 1: aren't interested in doing all this customization and troubleshooting and

835
00:44:48,280 --> 00:44:50,520
Speaker 1: kind of tech fun. They don't want to go on

836
00:44:50,560 --> 00:44:54,400
Speaker 1: an adventure. They just want something that works. And I

837
00:44:54,400 --> 00:44:57,319
Speaker 1: I kind of predict that whoever creates that first thing

838
00:44:57,360 --> 00:45:01,120
Speaker 1: and an affordable price range, obviously something that's plug and play.

839
00:45:01,160 --> 00:45:03,840
Speaker 1: It's intuitive, it's totally easy. You don't have to be

840
00:45:03,880 --> 00:45:06,319
Speaker 1: techie to get it. That's gonna be a gold mine,

841
00:45:06,360 --> 00:45:08,920
Speaker 1: I think, Yeah, yeah, it's gonna be huge. It'll be

842
00:45:09,040 --> 00:45:12,160
Speaker 1: one of those things where just like a printer used

843
00:45:12,160 --> 00:45:15,439
Speaker 1: to be outside the realm of everyone, but the early

844
00:45:15,480 --> 00:45:18,080
Speaker 1: adopters who had a lot of money to spend on stuff.

845
00:45:18,360 --> 00:45:21,439
Speaker 1: Now it's you know, now it's commonplace, to the point

846
00:45:21,440 --> 00:45:25,000
Speaker 1: where the printers are less expensive than the toner is uh,

847
00:45:25,080 --> 00:45:28,520
Speaker 1: you know, it's totally true. That's how they get you. Yeah. Yeah,

848
00:45:28,800 --> 00:45:31,239
Speaker 1: it's also how I love electronic waste gets generated. Where

849
00:45:31,280 --> 00:45:32,760
Speaker 1: you're like, I'm just gonna go buy a new printer,

850
00:45:33,800 --> 00:45:35,439
Speaker 1: just use the toner that comes with the new printer,

851
00:45:35,480 --> 00:45:36,640
Speaker 1: and when it runs out, I'll go out and buy

852
00:45:36,640 --> 00:45:40,960
Speaker 1: a new printer. Um that's not not not good uh

853
00:45:41,200 --> 00:45:45,040
Speaker 1: environmental practice there, but at any rate, Yeah, when we

854
00:45:45,080 --> 00:45:48,879
Speaker 1: reach that, you're really we're already seeing this this explode

855
00:45:48,880 --> 00:45:52,719
Speaker 1: in the hobbyist market. When it goes beyond the hobbyist market,

856
00:45:52,760 --> 00:45:56,440
Speaker 1: it's really gonna shake things up. So let's talk about

857
00:45:57,400 --> 00:46:00,239
Speaker 1: the actual process of building something you meant and that

858
00:46:00,239 --> 00:46:03,640
Speaker 1: you built pyramids. Now, I'm I'm going to imagine here

859
00:46:03,719 --> 00:46:07,280
Speaker 1: that since you built pyramids with specific design and specific

860
00:46:07,560 --> 00:46:11,160
Speaker 1: uh logo type, or at least initialism at the base

861
00:46:11,200 --> 00:46:13,399
Speaker 1: of it, I had to be helped by UFOs. That's

862
00:46:13,440 --> 00:46:15,200
Speaker 1: the only way that it could be explained. Either that

863
00:46:15,280 --> 00:46:16,960
Speaker 1: or you had to make it yourself, because I can't

864
00:46:16,960 --> 00:46:20,959
Speaker 1: imagine that this design just naturally existed somewhere out there

865
00:46:21,000 --> 00:46:23,719
Speaker 1: already and you just uh pulled it, pulled down a

866
00:46:23,800 --> 00:46:25,440
Speaker 1: virtual model and sent it to the printer. You had

867
00:46:25,440 --> 00:46:27,719
Speaker 1: to build this, right, No, of course, Well, I so

868
00:46:27,840 --> 00:46:31,080
Speaker 1: I have built some things, and I have imported some

869
00:46:31,239 --> 00:46:34,480
Speaker 1: other things. So I'm using a couple of different programs

870
00:46:34,600 --> 00:46:39,480
Speaker 1: or cads computer aided design programs. You can design virtual

871
00:46:39,560 --> 00:46:42,200
Speaker 1: objects with a lot of different kinds of CAD software,

872
00:46:42,360 --> 00:46:45,920
Speaker 1: And primarily I've been using a free online program called

873
00:46:46,000 --> 00:46:49,879
Speaker 1: Tinker CAD, which is pretty basic. It's not gonna get

874
00:46:50,080 --> 00:46:51,600
Speaker 1: you know, you're not gonna have a lot of really

875
00:46:51,640 --> 00:46:55,239
Speaker 1: complex options, but it's just simple. It's fun, it's easy

876
00:46:55,280 --> 00:46:57,600
Speaker 1: to use, and it's a great resource. You can design

877
00:46:57,640 --> 00:47:01,600
Speaker 1: an object on a virtual work surface. You can import shapes,

878
00:47:01,680 --> 00:47:03,719
Speaker 1: so you can just go over to the toolbar and say,

879
00:47:03,719 --> 00:47:05,879
Speaker 1: I'd like to bring in a pyramid, and you can

880
00:47:06,080 --> 00:47:08,960
Speaker 1: move it over and change its dimensions and add things

881
00:47:09,040 --> 00:47:11,200
Speaker 1: to it, and you can group it with other shapes

882
00:47:11,239 --> 00:47:13,759
Speaker 1: and un group it so that you can, like you

883
00:47:13,760 --> 00:47:18,000
Speaker 1: can create more complex objects. By this grouping process. You

884
00:47:18,000 --> 00:47:21,360
Speaker 1: can import letters and symbols. You can even load designs

885
00:47:21,400 --> 00:47:24,920
Speaker 1: that other users have made and made public. So after that,

886
00:47:25,000 --> 00:47:28,120
Speaker 1: you you've finished with your design, you're saying, okay, here

887
00:47:28,120 --> 00:47:30,799
Speaker 1: it is on my virtual workspace. I want to make this.

888
00:47:31,320 --> 00:47:34,080
Speaker 1: Then you export it to a file that you can

889
00:47:34,120 --> 00:47:36,680
Speaker 1: send to your three D printer, like an STL file

890
00:47:37,520 --> 00:47:41,200
Speaker 1: that I think that stands for stereolithography, if that makes sense,

891
00:47:41,360 --> 00:47:43,800
Speaker 1: and you export it to that file, download it to

892
00:47:43,840 --> 00:47:46,640
Speaker 1: your computer. Next thing. Next thing we do with our version,

893
00:47:46,680 --> 00:47:49,879
Speaker 1: at least you take it to an interface program. So

894
00:47:50,080 --> 00:47:52,360
Speaker 1: the printer we have connects to my computer with the

895
00:47:52,440 --> 00:47:55,799
Speaker 1: USB cable, just standard plug in USB. I had. I

896
00:47:55,840 --> 00:47:58,600
Speaker 1: had to get some drivers for it, um, but you

897
00:47:58,680 --> 00:48:00,640
Speaker 1: just put it right in. You can all so takes

898
00:48:00,640 --> 00:48:02,560
Speaker 1: stuff to the printer on an SD card, but I

899
00:48:02,600 --> 00:48:05,640
Speaker 1: haven't done that yet, and it interfaces through a program

900
00:48:05,680 --> 00:48:09,839
Speaker 1: called Replicator G. So this program takes your design and

901
00:48:10,120 --> 00:48:13,520
Speaker 1: it interprets it for the printer. So it looks at

902
00:48:13,560 --> 00:48:15,680
Speaker 1: what you've designed, and then it generates a segment of

903
00:48:15,680 --> 00:48:18,719
Speaker 1: what's called G code. It's a series of instructions that

904
00:48:18,760 --> 00:48:21,239
Speaker 1: tell the printer, one step at a time, how to

905
00:48:21,280 --> 00:48:24,239
Speaker 1: build the object you've designed. So it's sort of like

906
00:48:24,480 --> 00:48:27,040
Speaker 1: it takes the whole picture and then it breaks it

907
00:48:27,080 --> 00:48:32,960
Speaker 1: down into ten thousand steps. Yeah, it makes perfect sense, right,

908
00:48:33,040 --> 00:48:36,400
Speaker 1: And so then you can automatically generate the g code

909
00:48:36,440 --> 00:48:39,319
Speaker 1: and just click print, or you can manually edit the

910
00:48:39,360 --> 00:48:40,960
Speaker 1: g code if you want. So you can go in

911
00:48:41,040 --> 00:48:43,560
Speaker 1: and you can change individual lines to the G code.

912
00:48:43,600 --> 00:48:47,200
Speaker 1: I I ended up doing this when I wanted to change, uh,

913
00:48:47,280 --> 00:48:50,840
Speaker 1: like certain temperature parameters. I was having a lot of

914
00:48:50,880 --> 00:48:54,040
Speaker 1: trouble getting the things to stick to the platform, and

915
00:48:54,040 --> 00:48:55,799
Speaker 1: I was like, oh man, what could I do? So

916
00:48:55,840 --> 00:48:58,400
Speaker 1: I tried making the platform hotter. I tried making the

917
00:48:58,440 --> 00:49:01,520
Speaker 1: extruders hotter, and then low wearing the temperature. So just

918
00:49:01,560 --> 00:49:04,120
Speaker 1: going in and changing things like that, changing the different

919
00:49:04,120 --> 00:49:07,040
Speaker 1: parameters to see if there's one particular or maybe two

920
00:49:07,120 --> 00:49:10,120
Speaker 1: particular things that are are the source of the problem.

921
00:49:10,160 --> 00:49:12,399
Speaker 1: This is where we were talking about the adhesion failures. Yeah,

922
00:49:12,480 --> 00:49:15,400
Speaker 1: we I have had so many adhesion failures, and I

923
00:49:15,440 --> 00:49:17,640
Speaker 1: know I'm not alone. This is the thing people all

924
00:49:17,719 --> 00:49:20,960
Speaker 1: over the internet are talking about. You know, I think

925
00:49:20,960 --> 00:49:23,319
Speaker 1: it's just it's it depends on what what type of

926
00:49:23,360 --> 00:49:26,840
Speaker 1: material you're using, what printer you're using. But they're different

927
00:49:27,280 --> 00:49:29,560
Speaker 1: problems that come up all the time, and one of

928
00:49:29,560 --> 00:49:32,640
Speaker 1: them is the adhesion failure. That's where you start a

929
00:49:32,680 --> 00:49:36,440
Speaker 1: print and lays down an initial layer and then it

930
00:49:36,480 --> 00:49:39,279
Speaker 1: starts trying to build up from that layer. But the

931
00:49:39,320 --> 00:49:45,200
Speaker 1: problem is, say, imagine the plastic instead of laying flat

932
00:49:45,280 --> 00:49:48,040
Speaker 1: on the platform while you print a new layer on top,

933
00:49:48,160 --> 00:49:51,600
Speaker 1: the new layers starts sticking to the extruder, and the

934
00:49:51,640 --> 00:49:55,440
Speaker 1: extruder starts pulling the entire thing around. It peels up

935
00:49:55,480 --> 00:49:59,160
Speaker 1: from the platform and just follows the extruder around as

936
00:49:59,200 --> 00:50:02,680
Speaker 1: the extruders continues on its way. I'm laying a new

937
00:50:02,760 --> 00:50:05,880
Speaker 1: layer on but in fact, what it's doing is rolling

938
00:50:05,920 --> 00:50:09,440
Speaker 1: around a ball of plastic that gets bigger and bigger, right,

939
00:50:09,560 --> 00:50:12,840
Speaker 1: and it's like plastic strands. Yeah, but so it's not

940
00:50:12,960 --> 00:50:15,440
Speaker 1: a solid ball of plastics. No, it looks like a

941
00:50:15,440 --> 00:50:17,879
Speaker 1: hair ball made of plastic or a tumble weed made

942
00:50:17,880 --> 00:50:20,919
Speaker 1: of plastic, and uh so we've got a bunch of those.

943
00:50:20,920 --> 00:50:23,359
Speaker 1: They're very funny. Yeah, And it was one of those

944
00:50:23,400 --> 00:50:25,239
Speaker 1: things where you had to do the research to find

945
00:50:25,280 --> 00:50:28,399
Speaker 1: out the different things that other people had tried, and

946
00:50:28,440 --> 00:50:30,440
Speaker 1: you found that some of them really work really well,

947
00:50:30,680 --> 00:50:33,439
Speaker 1: some of the really some that were counterintuitive, one that

948
00:50:33,440 --> 00:50:35,719
Speaker 1: that blew my mind. But this was one I saw

949
00:50:35,840 --> 00:50:38,319
Speaker 1: very often. It was just, um, if you're using p

950
00:50:38,520 --> 00:50:39,920
Speaker 1: l A, I think this is not so much a

951
00:50:39,960 --> 00:50:42,319
Speaker 1: tip for a BS, but with p l A specifically

952
00:50:42,960 --> 00:50:45,840
Speaker 1: the kind of plastic we're using. Put blue painters tape

953
00:50:45,880 --> 00:50:49,799
Speaker 1: on the platform. Yep, and it worked, and I mean, here,

954
00:50:50,160 --> 00:50:53,160
Speaker 1: it's great. Another problem was just that I had to

955
00:50:53,160 --> 00:50:55,719
Speaker 1: watch some videos to try to see, Okay, I feel

956
00:50:55,719 --> 00:50:59,200
Speaker 1: like I'm not leveling the build platform correctly because that's

957
00:50:59,200 --> 00:51:02,080
Speaker 1: not the right just sense between the build platform and

958
00:51:02,120 --> 00:51:04,879
Speaker 1: the extruder. Yeah. So that's the thing that you've got

959
00:51:04,880 --> 00:51:08,120
Speaker 1: to do pretty frequently with a three D printer. And

960
00:51:08,120 --> 00:51:10,920
Speaker 1: I was getting frustrated because I kept having these failures,

961
00:51:11,080 --> 00:51:14,120
Speaker 1: and finally I was like, Okay, I just gotta go

962
00:51:14,360 --> 00:51:16,480
Speaker 1: check it out online. I watched some videos of other

963
00:51:16,520 --> 00:51:18,960
Speaker 1: people leveling the build platform. They were doing it a

964
00:51:19,000 --> 00:51:21,759
Speaker 1: little differently than I was. They were moving the platform

965
00:51:22,000 --> 00:51:26,439
Speaker 1: closer to the extruder, actually raising it up higher. And

966
00:51:26,520 --> 00:51:29,399
Speaker 1: this was counterintuitive to me. You know. I was thinking, well,

967
00:51:29,440 --> 00:51:31,800
Speaker 1: it seems like you need to give it more room

968
00:51:32,360 --> 00:51:35,440
Speaker 1: to lay down the plastics, so the extruder isn't touching

969
00:51:35,520 --> 00:51:39,239
Speaker 1: the plastic and peeling it up. Totally the opposite. It

970
00:51:39,320 --> 00:51:42,360
Speaker 1: needed to be closer so that it could press down

971
00:51:42,440 --> 00:51:45,000
Speaker 1: the initial layers and that was what would prevent it

972
00:51:45,040 --> 00:51:47,600
Speaker 1: from peeling up like that. Interesting. So I was just

973
00:51:47,680 --> 00:51:51,480
Speaker 1: configuring the device wrong. Um, But it was very interesting

974
00:51:51,520 --> 00:51:53,720
Speaker 1: to find this out, to see how people have figured

975
00:51:53,719 --> 00:51:56,080
Speaker 1: out this problem before. And there are tons of threads

976
00:51:56,200 --> 00:51:59,480
Speaker 1: on it, you know. So obviously you were not the

977
00:51:59,520 --> 00:52:02,560
Speaker 1: only person and to encounter this issue. No, no, no, no, yeah,

978
00:52:02,640 --> 00:52:05,160
Speaker 1: But that that again is a great example of how

979
00:52:05,280 --> 00:52:09,520
Speaker 1: there's a community that's risen up around this particular technology

980
00:52:09,600 --> 00:52:13,759
Speaker 1: and it's one that is supportive. Yeah, And I get

981
00:52:13,800 --> 00:52:16,759
Speaker 1: the feeling, as I was just saying earlier that a

982
00:52:16,800 --> 00:52:18,960
Speaker 1: lot of the people in this community, I think a

983
00:52:18,960 --> 00:52:21,640
Speaker 1: lot of them today are not the people who want

984
00:52:21,680 --> 00:52:25,399
Speaker 1: it to just work necessarily, they kind of enjoy they

985
00:52:25,440 --> 00:52:28,200
Speaker 1: like getting under the hood. Yeah, and I have to

986
00:52:28,239 --> 00:52:30,799
Speaker 1: say it's been frustrating when it doesn't work, but it's

987
00:52:30,840 --> 00:52:33,440
Speaker 1: also a lot of fun when you make something that

988
00:52:33,560 --> 00:52:39,520
Speaker 1: didn't work finally work. Sure. Sure. So anyway, I sort

989
00:52:39,520 --> 00:52:42,480
Speaker 1: of to back up and give the broad perspective on

990
00:52:42,560 --> 00:52:46,280
Speaker 1: three D printing today. I think consumer three D printing

991
00:52:47,880 --> 00:52:50,080
Speaker 1: it has come a long way, and it's in a

992
00:52:50,160 --> 00:52:53,720
Speaker 1: really cool place right now, but there is one more step,

993
00:52:54,080 --> 00:52:58,120
Speaker 1: and after it makes that step, I think it will explode. Yeah.

994
00:52:58,200 --> 00:53:00,879
Speaker 1: I mean in a good way, right, not explode into

995
00:53:00,880 --> 00:53:05,360
Speaker 1: a million pieces, but explode into a very lucrative consumer market.

996
00:53:05,480 --> 00:53:08,239
Speaker 1: And you're going to see just an equal explosion and

997
00:53:08,320 --> 00:53:12,560
Speaker 1: creativity as people start to make designs of things that

998
00:53:12,640 --> 00:53:15,680
Speaker 1: when you print them, are really creative. I had talked

999
00:53:15,680 --> 00:53:19,040
Speaker 1: about jokingly that we should print our own duchess and

1000
00:53:19,120 --> 00:53:22,880
Speaker 1: dragons dice with this thing, and uh, yeah, I printed

1001
00:53:22,920 --> 00:53:26,520
Speaker 1: earlier today I printed a dual color Hilbert cube, which

1002
00:53:26,600 --> 00:53:30,319
Speaker 1: was this cube of interlocking color designs. Because we have

1003
00:53:30,400 --> 00:53:32,279
Speaker 1: a dual extrud or, it can actually print in two

1004
00:53:32,280 --> 00:53:35,759
Speaker 1: colors at once, which is pretty cool. Yeah, but of

1005
00:53:35,800 --> 00:53:39,360
Speaker 1: course Jonathan ce is a six sided object and things dice.

1006
00:53:40,640 --> 00:53:43,200
Speaker 1: That's you can take the geek out of the game,

1007
00:53:44,239 --> 00:53:48,240
Speaker 1: but you can't take the game out of the geek. Yeah. Anyway,

1008
00:53:48,280 --> 00:53:50,640
Speaker 1: it's it's really interesting that we have this to play

1009
00:53:50,680 --> 00:53:54,840
Speaker 1: with now, and we expect will continue to experiment with it.

1010
00:53:54,960 --> 00:53:57,240
Speaker 1: Joe is going to become a three D printing guru

1011
00:53:57,360 --> 00:54:01,960
Speaker 1: before too long, and well we'll send him all these Yeah,

1012
00:54:02,000 --> 00:54:04,680
Speaker 1: we'll just be like, hey, hey, Joe, my my, this

1013
00:54:04,800 --> 00:54:07,719
Speaker 1: table is a little wobbly. Can you print like a

1014
00:54:07,719 --> 00:54:10,880
Speaker 1: little stopper for this table? And that kind of stuff.

1015
00:54:10,880 --> 00:54:13,040
Speaker 1: I mean, it's it's funny like you could think of

1016
00:54:13,040 --> 00:54:18,400
Speaker 1: the the seemingly minor meaningless sort of stuff you can

1017
00:54:18,480 --> 00:54:20,400
Speaker 1: use a three D printer for. But as we already

1018
00:54:20,400 --> 00:54:23,400
Speaker 1: covered the first part of this podcast, there's some really

1019
00:54:23,719 --> 00:54:27,400
Speaker 1: you know, like life altering potential to this technology as well,

1020
00:54:27,600 --> 00:54:29,719
Speaker 1: and and even stuff that you might be able to

1021
00:54:29,719 --> 00:54:32,480
Speaker 1: do with just a consumer printer that could be that

1022
00:54:32,560 --> 00:54:34,600
Speaker 1: kind of thing. You could print something that you you know,

1023
00:54:34,640 --> 00:54:36,839
Speaker 1: you've always needed around the house but didn't even know

1024
00:54:37,560 --> 00:54:41,720
Speaker 1: you could find out there. Or the example I always

1025
00:54:41,760 --> 00:54:44,040
Speaker 1: like to use is imagine that you've got a piece

1026
00:54:44,040 --> 00:54:47,840
Speaker 1: of furniture like I've had shelving units, for example, where

1027
00:54:47,880 --> 00:54:52,200
Speaker 1: a particular part that joined two pipes together broke, and

1028
00:54:52,239 --> 00:54:53,520
Speaker 1: I think, well, where the heck am I going to

1029
00:54:53,600 --> 00:54:58,239
Speaker 1: find this specific thing that I need? Because otherwise this

1030
00:54:58,320 --> 00:55:02,279
Speaker 1: is still a perfectly working shelf. But because this one

1031
00:55:02,400 --> 00:55:05,800
Speaker 1: little plastic piece that joined two other metal pieces together

1032
00:55:05,880 --> 00:55:08,200
Speaker 1: is broken, I can't use it anymore because it's no

1033
00:55:08,280 --> 00:55:11,080
Speaker 1: longer sturdy. I could go and print a replacement for

1034
00:55:11,160 --> 00:55:13,399
Speaker 1: it instead of having to sit there and try and

1035
00:55:13,560 --> 00:55:16,799
Speaker 1: find something else that would work in its place. So

1036
00:55:16,960 --> 00:55:20,120
Speaker 1: that's really it's you know, it's it's I've really got

1037
00:55:20,120 --> 00:55:22,239
Speaker 1: a lot of practical applications as well as just all

1038
00:55:22,239 --> 00:55:24,759
Speaker 1: the super cool stuff that you can do with it. Yeah. Well,

1039
00:55:24,800 --> 00:55:27,600
Speaker 1: so my bottom line is, if you're out there and

1040
00:55:27,880 --> 00:55:30,520
Speaker 1: you want to make yourself a fortune, I would say,

1041
00:55:31,080 --> 00:55:34,719
Speaker 1: become the person who makes that consumer affordable three D

1042
00:55:34,800 --> 00:55:39,360
Speaker 1: printer that just works. So you heard to hear her first, folks,

1043
00:55:39,880 --> 00:55:41,879
Speaker 1: It's not gonna be either of us, as it turns out.

1044
00:55:42,600 --> 00:55:45,279
Speaker 1: All right, Well, that's been a great discussion about three

1045
00:55:45,320 --> 00:55:48,600
Speaker 1: D printers, a good update and description about what it's

1046
00:55:48,600 --> 00:55:51,160
Speaker 1: like working with one. If any of you out there

1047
00:55:51,239 --> 00:55:54,000
Speaker 1: have experiences working with three D printers, I want to

1048
00:55:54,040 --> 00:55:56,000
Speaker 1: hear all about it. Let me know. Send me an

1049
00:55:56,040 --> 00:55:58,439
Speaker 1: email the address you can send it to his tech

1050
00:55:58,480 --> 00:56:01,439
Speaker 1: stuff at how stuff works dot com. You can also

1051
00:56:01,520 --> 00:56:04,120
Speaker 1: drop us a line on Twitter, Tumbler, or Facebook or

1052
00:56:04,160 --> 00:56:06,200
Speaker 1: handle it. All three is tech Stuff h s W.

1053
00:56:06,760 --> 00:56:10,320
Speaker 1: You can hear Joe regularly on the Forward Thinking podcast,

1054
00:56:10,600 --> 00:56:12,600
Speaker 1: so if you haven't subscribed to that, go check that out.

1055
00:56:12,640 --> 00:56:14,919
Speaker 1: We cover all sorts of stuff. We like to really

1056
00:56:15,400 --> 00:56:19,520
Speaker 1: get into some crazy ideas about the future. We all

1057
00:56:19,600 --> 00:56:22,080
Speaker 1: have a great series about stuff you never see in

1058
00:56:22,120 --> 00:56:24,560
Speaker 1: science fiction films, but you totally have to wonder what

1059
00:56:24,640 --> 00:56:26,960
Speaker 1: it's going to be like in the future. Um. We

1060
00:56:27,040 --> 00:56:30,759
Speaker 1: also occasionally just talk about Nick Cage at length as

1061
00:56:30,880 --> 00:56:34,400
Speaker 1: must be done. Yeah. Yeah, in no way at all

1062
00:56:34,440 --> 00:56:37,799
Speaker 1: necessarily related to the future. It just happens. So if

1063
00:56:37,840 --> 00:56:40,160
Speaker 1: that sounds appealing, you should definitely check it out and

1064
00:56:40,480 --> 00:56:46,919
Speaker 1: we will talk to you again really soon for more

1065
00:56:46,960 --> 00:56:49,319
Speaker 1: on this and bath into other topics because it has

1066
00:56:49,360 --> 00:57:00,000
Speaker 1: to have works dot Com