1 00:00:00,040 --> 00:00:02,840 Speaker 1: Hello everyone, it's Eves checking in here to let you 2 00:00:02,880 --> 00:00:04,920 Speaker 1: know that you're going to be hearing two different events 3 00:00:04,920 --> 00:00:07,360 Speaker 1: in history in this episode, one from me and one 4 00:00:07,400 --> 00:00:09,840 Speaker 1: from Tracy V. Wilson. They're both good, if I do 5 00:00:09,920 --> 00:00:13,640 Speaker 1: say so myself. One with the show, Welcome to this 6 00:00:13,720 --> 00:00:16,319 Speaker 1: day in History class from how Stuff Works dot com 7 00:00:16,440 --> 00:00:18,920 Speaker 1: and from the desk of Stuff you Missed in History Class. 8 00:00:18,920 --> 00:00:21,240 Speaker 1: It's the show where we explore the past one day 9 00:00:21,280 --> 00:00:23,320 Speaker 1: at a time with a quick look at what happened 10 00:00:23,320 --> 00:00:31,360 Speaker 1: today in history. Hello and welcome to the podcast. I 11 00:00:31,440 --> 00:00:35,400 Speaker 1: am Tracy V. Wilson and it's August four. The Mind's 12 00:00:35,640 --> 00:00:39,200 Speaker 1: Psalter was first published on this day in fourteen fifty seven. 13 00:00:39,680 --> 00:00:42,559 Speaker 1: You've probably heard of the Guttenberg Bible, which was the 14 00:00:42,600 --> 00:00:45,800 Speaker 1: first book to be printed with movable type in the West. 15 00:00:46,400 --> 00:00:49,400 Speaker 1: The Mind's Salter was the second such book, and it's 16 00:00:49,479 --> 00:00:51,800 Speaker 1: named for the city where it was printed, which was 17 00:00:51,880 --> 00:00:56,520 Speaker 1: also home to Johanna Schuttenberg and the Gutenberg Bible. But 18 00:00:56,640 --> 00:00:59,400 Speaker 1: you really should not think of the mins Palter is 19 00:00:59,440 --> 00:01:02,280 Speaker 1: just some kind of runner up the second best to 20 00:01:02,320 --> 00:01:05,040 Speaker 1: see the Guttenberg Bible. It had a lot of its 21 00:01:05,080 --> 00:01:08,160 Speaker 1: own firsts in the world of printing. It was the 22 00:01:08,200 --> 00:01:10,880 Speaker 1: first printed book in Europe to have the date of 23 00:01:10,880 --> 00:01:14,119 Speaker 1: the publication printed inside the book. It was the first 24 00:01:14,160 --> 00:01:16,920 Speaker 1: book to have a colophon. This is a brief statement 25 00:01:16,959 --> 00:01:18,880 Speaker 1: that's printed at the end of the book that includes 26 00:01:18,920 --> 00:01:21,560 Speaker 1: information like where it was printed and who printed it. 27 00:01:21,720 --> 00:01:24,200 Speaker 1: The Mind's Psalters colophon was also the first one to 28 00:01:24,240 --> 00:01:27,319 Speaker 1: contain a printer's mark, and that's like a logo that 29 00:01:27,440 --> 00:01:30,679 Speaker 1: served as the publisher's trademark. Here is what the Mind's 30 00:01:30,680 --> 00:01:35,360 Speaker 1: Psalter's collaphan says in English. This volume of the Psalms, 31 00:01:35,360 --> 00:01:39,759 Speaker 1: adorned with a magnificence of capital letters and clearly divided 32 00:01:39,760 --> 00:01:43,480 Speaker 1: by rubrics, has been fashioned by a mechanical process of 33 00:01:43,520 --> 00:01:46,840 Speaker 1: printing and producing characters without the use of a pen. 34 00:01:47,280 --> 00:01:52,800 Speaker 1: And it was laboriously completed for God's holiness by Awakum fust, 35 00:01:53,080 --> 00:01:56,880 Speaker 1: a citizen of Mints, and Peter Schuffer of Gernsheim on 36 00:01:56,920 --> 00:02:00,960 Speaker 1: Assumption Eve and the year of our Lord for seven. 37 00:02:01,520 --> 00:02:05,280 Speaker 1: The Mind's Salter was also the first printed book to 38 00:02:05,400 --> 00:02:09,760 Speaker 1: have large decorative initials that were referred to in the colophon. 39 00:02:10,040 --> 00:02:12,600 Speaker 1: These were at the starts of paragraphs and sentences, and 40 00:02:12,639 --> 00:02:15,040 Speaker 1: that brings us to another first, which was that it 41 00:02:15,120 --> 00:02:19,760 Speaker 1: had two different sizes of type. And lastly, The Minds 42 00:02:19,760 --> 00:02:21,600 Speaker 1: of Salter was the first book in the West to 43 00:02:21,639 --> 00:02:25,119 Speaker 1: be printed with three colors of ink. Those last two 44 00:02:25,160 --> 00:02:28,560 Speaker 1: firsts feel a little quaint today to need to call 45 00:02:28,639 --> 00:02:31,959 Speaker 1: out as first, considering that there is a printer sitting 46 00:02:31,960 --> 00:02:34,560 Speaker 1: next to me right now that will print type in 47 00:02:34,680 --> 00:02:38,720 Speaker 1: whatever size and color that I want. This book, as 48 00:02:38,760 --> 00:02:41,760 Speaker 1: the colophon spelled out, was the work of Peter Schuffer. 49 00:02:41,840 --> 00:02:44,320 Speaker 1: That was a scribe who had some experience in printing. 50 00:02:44,760 --> 00:02:48,639 Speaker 1: Also a min's merchant named Yoakam Fust, which is sometimes 51 00:02:48,720 --> 00:02:53,720 Speaker 1: anglicized as Johan. He had previously worked with Guttenberg, although 52 00:02:54,120 --> 00:02:56,600 Speaker 1: that work with Guttenberg led to a dispute and a 53 00:02:56,720 --> 00:03:01,080 Speaker 1: lawsuit over money, which was ultimately settled in Fusts favor. 54 00:03:01,880 --> 00:03:05,400 Speaker 1: Sometimes his name is also written as Faust because his 55 00:03:05,600 --> 00:03:08,239 Speaker 1: grandson spelled it that way in the dedication of a 56 00:03:08,280 --> 00:03:12,120 Speaker 1: book in fifteen oh six. The whole family ended up 57 00:03:12,160 --> 00:03:15,720 Speaker 1: adopting that spelling and going with Faust from that point. 58 00:03:16,200 --> 00:03:20,040 Speaker 1: There's also a whole story about his work in printing, 59 00:03:20,200 --> 00:03:25,640 Speaker 1: bringing on accusations of witchcraft, but that's pretty poorly substantiated. 60 00:03:25,800 --> 00:03:29,880 Speaker 1: If there were accusations of witchcraft, it was probably more 61 00:03:30,000 --> 00:03:33,559 Speaker 1: of an attempt by booksellers to try to destroy his reputation. 62 00:03:34,040 --> 00:03:37,720 Speaker 1: They were worried about the threat of movable type and 63 00:03:37,760 --> 00:03:40,880 Speaker 1: the threat of being able to print things more quickly, 64 00:03:41,120 --> 00:03:44,080 Speaker 1: so it would have been in their interests to make 65 00:03:44,120 --> 00:03:46,840 Speaker 1: it seem like maybe there was something nefarious going on. 66 00:03:47,320 --> 00:03:52,800 Speaker 1: It probably was not anyone actually believing that movable type 67 00:03:52,920 --> 00:03:56,800 Speaker 1: was magic somehow. So this whole book, the mind Psalter. 68 00:03:56,880 --> 00:03:59,560 Speaker 1: It's a book of psalms in Latin. They have large 69 00:03:59,680 --> 00:04:03,520 Speaker 1: red blue initial letters, decorations all around the letters. It's 70 00:04:03,560 --> 00:04:07,080 Speaker 1: really beautiful, and because it's a printed book, there are 71 00:04:07,080 --> 00:04:08,880 Speaker 1: a lot of copies of it. It was done in 72 00:04:08,920 --> 00:04:11,760 Speaker 1: two different versions, a short one that was for general 73 00:04:11,880 --> 00:04:14,040 Speaker 1: use and a longer one that was for use of 74 00:04:14,040 --> 00:04:18,280 Speaker 1: the Archdiocese of Mins. At least ten complete copies of 75 00:04:18,320 --> 00:04:21,840 Speaker 1: this book survived today, along with lots of other partial 76 00:04:21,960 --> 00:04:25,960 Speaker 1: copies and fragments. Thanks to Eve's Jeff Code for her 77 00:04:26,000 --> 00:04:29,160 Speaker 1: research work on this episode of the podcast, and to 78 00:04:29,360 --> 00:04:32,280 Speaker 1: Tari Harrison for her audio skills on all of these episodes. 79 00:04:32,960 --> 00:04:35,000 Speaker 1: You can subscribe to This Day in History class on 80 00:04:35,000 --> 00:04:38,640 Speaker 1: Apple Podcasts, Google Podcasts, and wherever else you get your podcasts, 81 00:04:38,640 --> 00:04:41,599 Speaker 1: and you can tune in tomorrow for a twentieth century 82 00:04:41,640 --> 00:04:54,920 Speaker 1: borderline whose effects are still felt today. Hi, I'm Eves, 83 00:04:55,480 --> 00:04:58,719 Speaker 1: and welcome to this Day in History Class, a show 84 00:04:58,920 --> 00:05:02,240 Speaker 1: that on covers a little bit more about history every day. 85 00:05:09,600 --> 00:05:14,680 Speaker 1: The day was August fourteenth, nineteen seventy. The film The 86 00:05:14,760 --> 00:05:18,640 Speaker 1: Rocky Horror Picture Show premiered in London at the Rialto Cinema, 87 00:05:19,800 --> 00:05:22,400 Speaker 1: based on a stage play called The Rocky Horror Show. 88 00:05:22,800 --> 00:05:25,719 Speaker 1: The movie is still in limited release in theaters across 89 00:05:25,760 --> 00:05:30,239 Speaker 1: the United States. The play The Rocky Horror Show opened 90 00:05:30,240 --> 00:05:34,560 Speaker 1: in London in nineteen seventy three. Actor and writer Richard 91 00:05:34,560 --> 00:05:38,600 Speaker 1: O'Brien wrote the musical, which nods to science fiction, be 92 00:05:38,880 --> 00:05:42,839 Speaker 1: horror movies, and rock and roll. In the play, a 93 00:05:42,880 --> 00:05:46,000 Speaker 1: couple gets caught in a storm, gets a flat tire, 94 00:05:46,240 --> 00:05:48,719 Speaker 1: and ends up at the castle of a scientist named 95 00:05:48,839 --> 00:05:54,680 Speaker 1: Dr Frankenfurter. It featured Tim Curry, Patricia Quinn, Neil Campbell, 96 00:05:54,960 --> 00:05:59,680 Speaker 1: Julie Covington and Richard O'Brien. The show's original production in 97 00:05:59,760 --> 00:06:02,640 Speaker 1: London in was well received, and it moved to a 98 00:06:02,720 --> 00:06:07,279 Speaker 1: larger theater and Chelsea, then the even larger King's Road Theater. 99 00:06:08,520 --> 00:06:11,320 Speaker 1: The production went on to be produced in other venues 100 00:06:11,400 --> 00:06:16,080 Speaker 1: around the world. American record producer Lou Adler saw the 101 00:06:16,080 --> 00:06:19,320 Speaker 1: show in London in nineteen seventy three, and he liked 102 00:06:19,320 --> 00:06:22,240 Speaker 1: it so much that he secured the u S theatrical 103 00:06:22,360 --> 00:06:26,360 Speaker 1: rights to the show. It premiered at his Roxy Theater 104 00:06:26,480 --> 00:06:30,839 Speaker 1: in Los Angeles in nineteen seventy four. Atler made a 105 00:06:30,880 --> 00:06:34,560 Speaker 1: deal with twentieth Century Fox, and filming of The Rocky 106 00:06:34,600 --> 00:06:38,680 Speaker 1: Horror Picture Show began in nineteen seventy four in England. 107 00:06:39,800 --> 00:06:42,119 Speaker 1: Many of the people who were in the original stage 108 00:06:42,160 --> 00:06:46,680 Speaker 1: production were also cast in the film. The shoot lasted 109 00:06:46,800 --> 00:06:51,400 Speaker 1: for about six weeks. The Rocky Horror Picture Show opened 110 00:06:51,400 --> 00:06:55,360 Speaker 1: in London on August fourteenth, nineteen seventy five, and it 111 00:06:55,480 --> 00:06:58,960 Speaker 1: had its official US debut in Los Angeles in September 112 00:06:59,400 --> 00:07:03,400 Speaker 1: at the u A Theater in Westwood Village. It did 113 00:07:03,480 --> 00:07:07,360 Speaker 1: well in Los Angeles, but it was not successful elsewhere. 114 00:07:08,400 --> 00:07:11,200 Speaker 1: But even though the turnout was poor in other cities, 115 00:07:11,560 --> 00:07:16,000 Speaker 1: people were returning for repeat viewings. The ending of the 116 00:07:16,000 --> 00:07:19,760 Speaker 1: film was recut and Atler and Tim Deagan the film's 117 00:07:19,840 --> 00:07:23,920 Speaker 1: marketing director decided to release the film as a midnight screening. 118 00:07:25,120 --> 00:07:29,000 Speaker 1: In early nineteen seventy six, theaters around the country began 119 00:07:29,080 --> 00:07:33,960 Speaker 1: showing The Rocky Horror Picture Show at midnight screenings. Audience 120 00:07:33,960 --> 00:07:37,640 Speaker 1: suits for the film grew, and people began wearing costumes 121 00:07:37,640 --> 00:07:40,600 Speaker 1: to the showings and interacting with the film in other ways. 122 00:07:41,720 --> 00:07:45,640 Speaker 1: Groups began performing live at the showings. The Official Rocky 123 00:07:45,680 --> 00:07:49,040 Speaker 1: Horror Pictures Show Fan Club formed at the Waverley Theater 124 00:07:49,200 --> 00:07:52,800 Speaker 1: in New York. By the end of nineteen seventy seven, 125 00:07:53,080 --> 00:07:57,720 Speaker 1: the screenings had become all out interactive experiences. People began 126 00:07:57,800 --> 00:08:01,120 Speaker 1: holding conventions around the Rocky Horror Pick Your Show, and 127 00:08:01,360 --> 00:08:04,960 Speaker 1: it began getting more attention through news and media outlets. 128 00:08:06,040 --> 00:08:09,840 Speaker 1: In nine, the film Shock Treatment was released as a 129 00:08:09,920 --> 00:08:12,600 Speaker 1: follow up, but not a direct sequel, to The Rocky 130 00:08:12,640 --> 00:08:16,880 Speaker 1: Horror Picture Show. Fox also produced a reimagining of the 131 00:08:16,920 --> 00:08:22,080 Speaker 1: film that aired on television in The Rocky Horror Picture 132 00:08:22,120 --> 00:08:25,960 Speaker 1: Show has remained in circulation since it opened. Though it 133 00:08:26,080 --> 00:08:30,000 Speaker 1: was initially considered a box office and critical flop, it 134 00:08:30,080 --> 00:08:33,880 Speaker 1: has since become a cult classic and made millions of dollars. 135 00:08:34,559 --> 00:08:37,960 Speaker 1: Because it's still in limited release today, it's the longest 136 00:08:38,000 --> 00:08:43,280 Speaker 1: running theatrical release in film history. I'm Eve Jeffcote and 137 00:08:43,320 --> 00:08:46,400 Speaker 1: hopefully you know a little more about history today than 138 00:08:46,440 --> 00:08:50,000 Speaker 1: you did yesterday. And if you haven't gotten your fill 139 00:08:50,080 --> 00:08:53,600 Speaker 1: of history after listening to today's episode, you can follow 140 00:08:53,679 --> 00:08:58,079 Speaker 1: us on Twitter, Instagram, and Facebook at t D I 141 00:08:58,559 --> 00:09:01,800 Speaker 1: h D Podcast. We'll see you here in the same 142 00:09:01,840 --> 00:09:26,400 Speaker 1: place tomorrow. Love Beat. For more podcasts from I Heart Radio, 143 00:09:26,520 --> 00:09:29,160 Speaker 1: visit the iHeart Radio app, Apple Podcasts, or wherever you 144 00:09:29,200 --> 00:09:30,320 Speaker 1: listen to your favorite shows.