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Speaker 1: Hmm, that's behind the bastards. I'm Robert Evans. This is

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Speaker 1: the show I do about bad people in the history

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Speaker 1: behind them and the things you don't know about them. Uh.

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Speaker 1: My guest for this episode is comics artist of Bad Comics.

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Speaker 1: I pronounced it with an X. I hope you appreciate that,

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Speaker 1: Anna Selena's how you doing, Anna, I'm good, Thanks for

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Speaker 1: having me. How are you feeling today? Well, you know,

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Speaker 1: I'm excited to learn about today's topic. Um, I am

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Speaker 1: a little uh nervous because there are certain vaccines that

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Speaker 1: I haven't gotten. I guess I'm tipping the hand a

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Speaker 1: little bit, But I why amn't you've gotten them just

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Speaker 1: because I don't get flu shots usually just because a laziness.

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Speaker 1: Laziness not ideological. No, it's fine to endanger people out

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Speaker 1: of laziness, right right. I'm just about to hear the

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Speaker 1: magnitude by which I have endangered people. I think, Well, Uh,

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Speaker 1: you're a fan of vaccines. Yeah, I'm I'm a general

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Speaker 1: fan of Yeah. As someone who has never gotten like

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Speaker 1: polio as amad, I'm a I'm a big ups on

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Speaker 1: that stuff. Today we're going to be talking in detail

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Speaker 1: about the anti vaccine movement. Uh. And when I first started,

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Speaker 1: this was all going to be about the modern anti

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Speaker 1: vax movement. We were going to talk about, you know,

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Speaker 1: all the everything from Andrew Wakefield on. And as I

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Speaker 1: started researching, I realized that it actually it goes back

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Speaker 1: a lot further than that. Um, so this is going

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Speaker 1: to be kind of a kind of a deep h

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Speaker 1: I'm excited, alright. Alright, So right now as you and

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Speaker 1: I talk, the Pacific Northwest is dealing with a measled outbreak.

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Speaker 1: Fifty cases have been confirmed in an area around the

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Speaker 1: city of Portland, Oregon, both in Oregon and Washington because

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Speaker 1: kind of some of the suburbs of Portland, Oregon are

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Speaker 1: actually parts of Washington, like Clark County. And that number

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Speaker 1: kept creeping up as I was writing. This was like

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Speaker 1: thirty five when I started on the episode, and it's

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Speaker 1: fifty now and it will probably be you know, seven,

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Speaker 1: need to one hundred by the time you the people

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Speaker 1: listening to this right now in the future listen to it. Um. Portland,

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Speaker 1: Oregon is a really good city to have a outbreak

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Speaker 1: of a preventable disease like measles, because eight percent of

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Speaker 1: the children in that city are unvaccinated, meaning the pool

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Speaker 1: of infectable individuals is pretty high. Alongside New York and

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Speaker 1: certain affluent parts of California, the city of Portland is

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Speaker 1: a current stronghold of the anti vaccine movement. Oh, it's

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Speaker 1: like if you swing hipster enough, you end up at

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Speaker 1: And it's true for the far left and the far right.

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Speaker 1: This is one thing where like if you're if you're

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Speaker 1: like a fucking far left loony or you're like a fascist.

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Speaker 1: Both of those groups have sizeable people who are like

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Speaker 1: vaccines are a lie. Like you can get Alex Jones

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Speaker 1: and fucking uh, what's his name? Ace Ventura. Jim Carroty

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Speaker 1: on the same side of the vaccine trade is Jim Carrey. Also,

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Speaker 1: he was kind of for a while because he was

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Speaker 1: doating Jim McCarthy. Yeah, yeah, I'm not Actually, I'm actually

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Speaker 1: not going to hit on her much in this episode,

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Speaker 1: just because I don't know. I taught special lead for

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Speaker 1: a while, and I feel for a parent who's like

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Speaker 1: trying to grapple with something like that happening, I just

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Speaker 1: don't want to. Like she's she's definitely done a lot

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Speaker 1: of damage, but she's not the start of it. So

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Speaker 1: there's bigger fish. There's bigger fish to fry. So let's

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Speaker 1: let's get that pan out. Let's heat up some oil.

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Speaker 1: I just made to lap last night. Oh man, bread

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Speaker 1: it with like pank? What do you? What do you do?

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Speaker 1: You bred it? Are you? Are you just frying it?

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Speaker 1: I thought I was bredding it with parmesan to make

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Speaker 1: a protein heavy and it did it work? Oh man?

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Speaker 1: You know what I found that's really good is there's

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Speaker 1: this this kind of low carb flour called carb Quick

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Speaker 1: that has a shipload of protein in it. And you

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Speaker 1: mix a bunch of shredded up cheese and that and

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Speaker 1: then you fucking and you like crack an egg in that,

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Speaker 1: and then you don't do that. It's so that's what

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Speaker 1: That's what I'm doing next time. This is a podcast

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Speaker 1: where we talk about various recipes for frying fish in

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Speaker 1: order to make relate back to antivacxss it does it

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Speaker 1: does apia specifically specifically, of the fish, they are the

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Speaker 1: ones that resist vaccination the most. They do, and it's

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Speaker 1: because they're very left wing, not right wing. Well, finn

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Speaker 1: Finn is a wing. Yeah for the water. Anyway, let's

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Speaker 1: let's move into here. Yeah, so it would be hard

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Speaker 1: to consume media in the twenty one century and not

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Speaker 1: run into stories about the anti vax movement and how

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Speaker 1: it's been spurred on by the endorsement of celebrities. Uh,

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Speaker 1: the anti vaccine movement seems like a new problem, something

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Speaker 1: that could only be spread via the Internet's incredible ability

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Speaker 1: to make lives go viral. But the sad, weird reality

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Speaker 1: is that none of this is true. The anti vaccine

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Speaker 1: movement does not have its origins in the twenty first

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Speaker 1: century or the twentieth century. This ship has been going

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Speaker 1: on for more than two hundred years. It's almost as

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Speaker 1: old as the United States. So as long as there

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Speaker 1: have been vaccines, there have been people being like, yeah,

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Speaker 1: I don't believe it. Yeah, and in the case of

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Speaker 1: the United States, slightly longer. Yeah, that's what we're about

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Speaker 1: to get into. It's wild. So the story of vaccines,

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Speaker 1: and this thus the story of the anti vax movement,

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Speaker 1: starts with small box. Uh. Smallpox is a one of

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Speaker 1: those diseases that's so bad we almost can't really like

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Speaker 1: comprehend it, like a bolus scares people, but like it's

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Speaker 1: kind of hard to spread ebola once you know, what

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Speaker 1: it is like smallpox is super easy to spread um

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Speaker 1: from like direct transmission to transmission, and it's incredibly deadly.

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Speaker 1: Uh something like a third of people who get it die.

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Speaker 1: Um at least back in the day, people who got

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Speaker 1: it died. And the disease starts with a fever and

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Speaker 1: then ends with like this full body eruption of scabs,

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Speaker 1: Like you're just you're covered in scabs that leave behind

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Speaker 1: like crater your face and body and permanent scars for

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Speaker 1: the rest of your lives. So if you survive a

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Speaker 1: full small pox outbreak, it looks like someone blasted off

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Speaker 1: a bunch of bird shot into your face. Like you

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Speaker 1: look like you've been hunting with Dick Cheney after getting

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Speaker 1: this disease. It's just it's terrible And this is isn't

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Speaker 1: like in warfare people would throw the smallpox blankets as

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Speaker 1: a I mean, I don't think they would throw the blankets.

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Speaker 1: There's certainly been some use of smallpox and other illnesses

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Speaker 1: in warfare, like the Mongols would catapult like dead animals

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Speaker 1: over the sides of walls and stuff with the plague,

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Speaker 1: and uh, you know, I don't know enough about I

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Speaker 1: know that there's some controversy over whether or not smallpox

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Speaker 1: blankets were like intentionally spread, but the mortality rate among

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Speaker 1: Native Americans to smallpox was something um, so the majority, Like,

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Speaker 1: it's very likely that most of the deaths that occurred

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Speaker 1: of the hundred millionaires so people who died when the

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Speaker 1: Europeans started coming to North and South America, that most

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Speaker 1: of that was small box. Um, it just spread like wildfire.

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Speaker 1: Oh god. Because smallpox is a disease that comes from

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Speaker 1: the fact that we live around animals. You know. It's

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Speaker 1: like related to cow pox, which is the thing that

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Speaker 1: cows have that people can get, and that that's like

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Speaker 1: that that's the big reason why. I'm sure a lot

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Speaker 1: of people know this, but that's a big reason why

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Speaker 1: the Native Americans got so fucked over by European diseases.

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Speaker 1: They hadn't been living next to pigs and cows to

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Speaker 1: the same extent Europeans, so we were just like Europeans

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Speaker 1: are filthy. Oh my god. That's why I hate shows

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Speaker 1: where people go back in time to like the Middle

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Speaker 1: Ages and everything's fine. It's like, no, you would die

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Speaker 1: of the diseases and everything would stink so hard, it

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Speaker 1: would smell so bad. Yeah, I'm sorry, outlander, I don't

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Speaker 1: believe your premise. No, And in fact, the only people

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Speaker 1: that you could hang out around in that time period

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Speaker 1: who wouldn't stink would have been the Native Americans because

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Speaker 1: they were actually like pretty clean people and like lived

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Speaker 1: pretty clean lives and weren't surrounded by poop all the time. Yeah,

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Speaker 1: that's European cities in the Middle Ages and beyond. It's

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Speaker 1: just a pile of poop and corpses. Uh, we're getting

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Speaker 1: a little off topic here. So smallpox is terrible, um,

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Speaker 1: and it lasts a long time. Imagine the worst flu

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Speaker 1: you've ever had. It's like two weeks of flu followed

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Speaker 1: by like three weeks of scab eruptions. It's like a

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Speaker 1: month of being sick, and then you die, probably a

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Speaker 1: lot of times you die. By the end of the

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Speaker 1: eighteenth century, and estimated four thousand Europeans were dying every

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Speaker 1: year from smallpox. So that's a lot of people. Uh.

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Speaker 1: It killed like yeah, three and ten in but for

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Speaker 1: children and the elderly the death rate was much higher.

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Speaker 1: In London, most children would catch smallpox before their seventh birthday.

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Speaker 1: If there was an outbreak in town. It was not

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Speaker 1: uncommon for parents to avoid naming their babies just because like, well,

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Speaker 1: we gotta make sure. Let's let's see if he lives

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Speaker 1: through this smallpox thing, because nine out of ten fatal

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Speaker 1: smallpox cases involved children under the age of five. The

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Speaker 1: real baby killer here, like yeah, it's it wipes out

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Speaker 1: some babies. Now, the good news is that smallpox was

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Speaker 1: only spread by direct contact with a sufferer. At the time,

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Speaker 1: smallpox scabs were believed to be a main vector for

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Speaker 1: the disease, and it's possible for you to get smallpox

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Speaker 1: from smallpox scabs, but modern science has revealed that the

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Speaker 1: scabs are only really infectious when ground up, so it

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Speaker 1: was really just direct contact that was spreading most of

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Speaker 1: the time. So the good thing about smallpoxes that surprised

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Speaker 1: surviving it conferred a lifelong immunity to the disease. So

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Speaker 1: you get it once, you never get that ship again.

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Speaker 1: It's like the chicken pox, like all the boxes. That's

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Speaker 1: how boxes work. There you go. Starting in the tenth century,

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Speaker 1: Chinese doctors would grind up smallpox scabs and have people

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Speaker 1: snort them. This gave the patient a milder form of

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Speaker 1: the disease that conferred to short boll I love motorcycles,

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Speaker 1: but it almost was like tone music for what was happening. Yeah. Yeah,

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Speaker 1: So snort a bunch of smallpox scabs gives you a

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Speaker 1: short term immunity. Um, but like still like four, three

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Speaker 1: to five and a hundred would die from this treatment.

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Speaker 1: So it was better than if there's a from the

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Speaker 1: treatment itself. Yeah, So if there's smallpox spreading in your city,

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Speaker 1: it's best to snort some scabs because you get a

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Speaker 1: better chance of surviving that and you know you won't

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Speaker 1: get as many scars and stuff, but like it's still

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Speaker 1: really risky. Um. Now, in the twentieth century alone, smallpox

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Speaker 1: killed and estimated three hundred million human beings, more than

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Speaker 1: all of the centuries wars put together. So in the

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Speaker 1: nineteen hundreds, this was deadlier than World War One, World

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Speaker 1: War two, Vietnam, Korea, all of those fucking wars thrown

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Speaker 1: into a bucket small box killed more people. That's after

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Speaker 1: we had a vaccine after Yeah, the disease was I

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Speaker 1: think the last case was in the seventies and Somalia,

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Speaker 1: So it has been effectively eradicated in the wild. It's incredible. Yeah,

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Speaker 1: it took you know a while to get that ship done. So.

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Speaker 1: The road to eradicating smallpox started in seventeen ninety six

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Speaker 1: when Edward Jenner, a genius, gave a presentation to the

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Speaker 1: Royal Society of London. Jenner told them he'd inject the

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Speaker 1: thirteen people with life infectious material from the scabs of

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Speaker 1: people with cow pox, a disease related to smallpox. The

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Speaker 1: cow pox gave its victims an immunity to smallpox, and

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Speaker 1: so when exposed to smallpox later, these thirteen patients were unharmed.

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Speaker 1: Jenner named his new invention the vaccine because vacca means

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Speaker 1: cow in Latin. Yeah, it's cool, And he like, the

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Speaker 1: only reason he knew this is because like, as a

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Speaker 1: young man he was friends with like some milkmaids and

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Speaker 1: they would have like scabs on their hands and be like, yeah,

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Speaker 1: you get that from cows, but I can't get smallpox.

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Speaker 1: And he was like, what do you mean you can't

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Speaker 1: get smallpox? And he's like, oh, yeah, you get this

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Speaker 1: weird cow pox thing and you're fine. Ship, Wow, bring

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Speaker 1: women into the process. Sooner was he friends with them

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Speaker 1: or I don't I mean, I don't know, I don't

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Speaker 1: know the detail, just sucking a lot of milkmaids. Then

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Speaker 1: doesn't get smallpox himself, and it's like that he didn't either. No, no, no, no,

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Speaker 1: I'm just making that part of that was just a lie.

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Speaker 1: Jenner was the first person to formally describe a develop

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Speaker 1: a vaccine. His work sparked a massive medical renaissance and

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Speaker 1: is in many ways the birth of modern Western medicine.

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Speaker 1: It wouldn't be until the nineteen fifties when heat stable

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Speaker 1: versions of the smallpox vaccine would finally be figured out,

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Speaker 1: thus eliminating most of the negative side effects of the inoculation.

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Speaker 1: Jenner's work was a huge step forward, but vaccination was

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Speaker 1: still a very unpleasant process. Here's a quote from the

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Speaker 1: book Pox and American History, which I really recommend. With

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Speaker 1: a willing patient, the vaccine operation, as doctors called it,

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Speaker 1: lasted just a minute or two. The doctor took hold

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Speaker 1: of the patient's arms, scoring the skin with a needle

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Speaker 1: or lancet. He then dabbed on the vaccine, either by

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Speaker 1: taking a few droplets of liquid limph from a glass

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Speaker 1: tube or using a small ivory point coated with dry vaccine.

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Speaker 1: Either way, the vaccine contained live cow pox or vaccinia

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Speaker 1: virus that not long before had oozed from a sore

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Speaker 1: on the underside of an infected calf in a health

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Speaker 1: department stable In the coming days, the virus would produce

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Speaker 1: a sistr like vesicle on the vaccination side. In due course,

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Speaker 1: the lesion would heal, leaving a permanent scar the distinctive

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Speaker 1: vaccination psychatrics. If all went well, the patient would then

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Speaker 1: enjoy immunity from smallpox for five to seven years, sometimes longer.

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Speaker 1: So when you're immune, you can't pass on the disease,

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Speaker 1: you can't get it. You get a scar on your arm,

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Speaker 1: and you get sick, like some people are sick for

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Speaker 1: a week or two, like get a really bad flu

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Speaker 1: like it. It can take you out of commission for

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Speaker 1: a couple of weeks. So it's way better than getting smallpox,

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Speaker 1: but it's still really sucks, and that's important for what

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Speaker 1: comes next. So, because the societal cost of smallpox epidemics

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Speaker 1: was so high, governments around the world were quick to

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Speaker 1: embrace the new treatment. Many of the people in those countries, however,

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Speaker 1: were less than enthused about the idea of having pieces

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Speaker 1: of an infected caps or pushed under their arm, Like

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Speaker 1: it's gross. Yeah, yeah, somebody's taking like a scab from

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Speaker 1: a cow's right, and up until this point, I feel

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Speaker 1: like medicine has been pretty wonky, like with letting blood

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Speaker 1: and drinking mercury humors. So it's like, I can see

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Speaker 1: how that distrust continues. Yeah, it's not like today where

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Speaker 1: doctors make miracles happen every day. It was like, well

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Speaker 1: this guy, Also, what's the guy told my uncle to

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Speaker 1: drink all that mercury and then my uncle died from

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Speaker 1: drinking all that mercury. I don't want to trust him

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Speaker 1: more exactly. Not that Edward Jenner was a big mercury fan,

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Speaker 1: but like doctors in general, Like, right, the change I think,

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Speaker 1: and I'm really basing this off of the show Outlander,

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Speaker 1: but the change between people's understanding of science and medicine

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Speaker 1: seemed to be pretty this is when it was just starting. Yeah, yeah,

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Speaker 1: And so doctors are still like, it's not exactly a

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Speaker 1: highly thought of profession by many people, because so much

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Speaker 1: of medicine was bullshit at this point exactly, So that's

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Speaker 1: important to uh. The anti vaccine movement actually reached American

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Speaker 1: shores before vaccination did. In two years before Harvard doctor

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Speaker 1: performed the first US vaccinations A group of doctors and

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Speaker 1: priests in Boston created the first anti vaccination society. They

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Speaker 1: stated that vaccination was quote defiance to heaven itself, even

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Speaker 1: to the will of God. Yeah, it's fun stuff. So

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Speaker 1: two years before there's even vaccinations, there's people being like,

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Speaker 1: this is the devil. There's simply because you are putting

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Speaker 1: the disease into you. And they're like, there's no way.

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Speaker 1: I think for the for those people, because it was

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Speaker 1: like a religious thing, they were like, well, God wants

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Speaker 1: you to get sick or not right, and if you're

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Speaker 1: this is trying to like thwart the will of the

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Speaker 1: Lord h And I wonder too if it has to

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Speaker 1: do with power, like the people going out and saying

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Speaker 1: I can protect you, like the people with the church,

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Speaker 1: or older doctors saying this is how you're protected. If

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Speaker 1: someone else comes with an answer, yeah, because at that

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Speaker 1: point a lot of priests would have been like the

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Speaker 1: only way to protect yourself is to like get right

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Speaker 1: with God. And then some doctors like, well, no, we've

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Speaker 1: got this thing, and you're like, oh, we don't want

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Speaker 1: that going on here. Not in seven seen ninety eight, motherfucker.

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Speaker 1: It still doesn't feel that late. Yeah, you know it's

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Speaker 1: it's really not. Thomas Jefferson was the us is first

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Speaker 1: major vaccine advocate. Like he was the like during his presence,

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Speaker 1: he was like, we gotta, we gotta, we gotta get

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Speaker 1: on this ship. This is really working over in England,

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Speaker 1: um in eighteen o nine, smallpox vaccination was made mandatory

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Speaker 1: in Massachusetts. West Virginia followed soon after. In eighteen forty,

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Speaker 1: the British Parliament passed the Vaccination Act, which made it

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Speaker 1: illegal and punishable by fines for a parent to fail

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Speaker 1: to vaccinate their child. As vaccines spread through the West,

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Speaker 1: doctors started noticing something interesting. The smallpox virus appeared to

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Speaker 1: be dying out. They discovered something called herd immunity. When

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Speaker 1: a virus has nowhere to go because so many people

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Speaker 1: are immune, it eventually goes extinct, first in areas and

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Speaker 1: then perhaps worldwide. But the path to eradicating smallpox would

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Speaker 1: not be so simple, and cities like Stockholm in London concerned.

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Speaker 1: Parents began spreading rumors of the harms of vaccines and

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Speaker 1: complaining about the fines levied on them if they failed

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Speaker 1: to vaccinate their kids. Discover magazine had a great rite

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Speaker 1: up on this and they described these early anti vaxers

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Speaker 1: is mostly quote middle class citizens who didn't trust government,

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Speaker 1: science or medicine. Oh no, too close to home. Yeah,

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Speaker 1: nothing ever changes. I mean that's like this, what are

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Speaker 1: you doing? Well, Yeah, it's it's it's those those tricky Swedes,

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Speaker 1: you know. Every time. I want to root for him

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Speaker 1: because I love their sandwiches. I love just a pile

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Speaker 1: of bread with like white sauce and a just a

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Speaker 1: pile of tiny shrimp on it. The best sandwiches, that's

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Speaker 1: what it is. I can't even pronounce that. Ship. Yeah. Look,

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Speaker 1: I'll follow Sweden Twitter account until I die because it's

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Speaker 1: just the most delightful. But god damnit, Stockholm. I've had

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Speaker 1: one breakfast in Stockholm. One breakfast in Stockholm, and it

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Speaker 1: was like an actual restaurant and it was like told

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Speaker 1: to me, it's like a traditional Swedish like like breakfast buffet,

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Speaker 1: and it had all the beer I could drink at

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Speaker 1: eight in the morning. So I'm I love this. I

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Speaker 1: love Stockholm. But they were wrong about party Viking stock

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Speaker 1: So for a while the anti vaccine stuff was just talked.

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Speaker 1: But the rapid expansion of the global post in the

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Speaker 1: late eighteen hundreds, and the increased affordability of printing pamphlets

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Speaker 1: and magazines at the same time led to an explosion

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Speaker 1: of anti vaccine literature. Going to quote now from the

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Speaker 1: British Medical Journal, this is about like the anti vaccine

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Speaker 1: journals quote. The journals included the Anti Vaccinator founded eighteen

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Speaker 1: sixty nine, the National Anti Compulsory Vaccination Reporter eighteen seventy four,

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Speaker 1: and the Vaccination Inquirer eighteen seventy nine. Similar movements flourished

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Speaker 1: elsewhere in Europe and Stockholm, the majority of the population

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Speaker 1: began to refuse vaccination, so that by eighteen seventy two,

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Speaker 1: vaccination rates in Stockholm had fallen to just over whereas

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Speaker 1: they approached nine and the rest of Sweden. Fearing a

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Speaker 1: serious epidemic, the chief city physician demanded stricter measures. A

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Speaker 1: major epidemic in eighteen seventy four shocked the city and

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Speaker 1: led to widespread vaccination in an end to further epidemics.

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Speaker 1: So the Swedes did get the picture after like two epidemics,

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Speaker 1: Like maybe maybe anti vaccinations both ship. Yeah, when everyone

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Speaker 1: around you starts dying all this makes me think of

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Speaker 1: as my great grandma in Sweden who was so religious

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Speaker 1: just so for con pro church. I'm like, okay, I

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Speaker 1: getting Swedes have their bad side too, you know they do? Yeah,

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Speaker 1: they do? Uh now um, Great Britain did not get

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Speaker 1: the message in such a timely manner. The city of Leicester,

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Speaker 1: for some reason, became the nexus of an anti of

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Speaker 1: anti vaccine resistance. Groups of furious parents would gather in

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Speaker 1: March and show off signs. In five hundred thousand anti

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Speaker 1: vaccine advocates marched in Leicester. They hanged Dr Edward Jenner

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Speaker 1: and Effigy for the crime of inventing the smallpox. This

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Speaker 1: prompted the government to create a Royal Commission to investigate

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Speaker 1: the claims of the anti vaccine advocates and read evidence

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Speaker 1: on vaccines and their possible downsides. It released its report

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Speaker 1: in eighteen ninety six and concluded that vaccines worked and

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Speaker 1: said it also advocated ending government penalties for people who

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Speaker 1: refused vaccination, a new conscience clause, and the Vaccine Act

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Speaker 1: of eight allowed parents to receive a certificate of exemption.

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Speaker 1: This is actually the first time the phrase conscientious objector

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Speaker 1: was entered into English. That's while that's where it comes from.

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Speaker 1: That it's first of all so parallel to the penalties

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Speaker 1: if you didn't have healthcare with Obamacare, which just suck

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Speaker 1: it up. Let's just give yeah, the Western world that

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Speaker 1: that's where conscientious observer comes from. Objector objector. Yeah. So

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Speaker 1: within a decade, conscientious objectors accounted for one quarter of

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Speaker 1: all births in England. So it immediately gets out of hand. Uh.

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Speaker 1: Spurred on by this minor victory, the British anti vax

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Speaker 1: movement surged forward. I found an exerpt from one of

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Speaker 1: their magazines published right after this point. The goal seems

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Speaker 1: to be to herald their first major victory over the

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Speaker 1: evils of vaccines. I'm gonna hand this up a little

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Speaker 1: bit for you. I might try to do an act

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Speaker 1: sent We'll see if that's that's a good idea. We'll

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Speaker 1: know pretty quickly. Well, I hope a mighty and horrible

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Speaker 1: monster with the horns of a bull, the hind of

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Speaker 1: a horse, the jaws of a kraken, the teeth and

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Speaker 1: claws of a tiger, the tail of a cow, and

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Speaker 1: all the evils of Pandora's box in his belly, plague, pestilence, leprosy,

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Speaker 1: purple blotches, fetid ulcers in filthy, running sores covering his body,

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Speaker 1: and an atmosphere of accumulated disease, pain, and death around him,

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Speaker 1: has made his appearance in the world and devours mankind,

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Speaker 1: especially poor helpless infants. Not by sores only, or hundreds

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Speaker 1: or thousands, but by hundreds of thousands. This monster has

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Speaker 1: been named vaccination, and his progressive havoc among the human

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Speaker 1: race has been dreadful and most alarming, Yet strange to tell,

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Speaker 1: this monster has found not only a multitude of friends,

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Speaker 1: but worshippers who prostrate themselves before him and encourage his

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Speaker 1: voracious appetite. Do not the men, the heroes who first

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Speaker 1: dared to stand forth to arrest the progress and stop

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Speaker 1: the fatal havoc of this most dreadful and destructive monster

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Speaker 1: and it lengths, have bravely subdued and put him to

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Speaker 1: flight with all his mighty host Meriton obelisk created to

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Speaker 1: their fame, with their names inscribed upon it, in indelible

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Speaker 1: characters to be held in grateful remembrance through all future generations.

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Speaker 1: Do they know they're describing smallpox the disease? Yeah? Yeah,

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Speaker 1: what do they think? Smallpoxes not as bad as getting

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Speaker 1: vaccinated for small box. It's what they're doing is describing

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Speaker 1: it like a Satanist cult, like vaccinations. And I think

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Speaker 1: some of it comes from just the assumption that, well,

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Speaker 1: I won't get small box when it comes through town

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Speaker 1: because I'm special, because yeah, but if I if I

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Speaker 1: get the vaccine, I'll get kind of sick. Yeah. So yeah,

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Speaker 1: and so it's worse than I mean, that's so similar.

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Speaker 1: There's some art that accompanies this passage. You know, that

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Speaker 1: monster with the tail of a cow and the closet

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Speaker 1: teeth of the type they drew it. I gotta I'll

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Speaker 1: describe it a thank you, thank you. So it's a

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Speaker 1: what I assume as a cow, an alligator mouth and

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Speaker 1: lots of tiny colligator and then people trying to get

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Speaker 1: into Oh no, they're it's got nipples or I'm not

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Speaker 1: sure if those are nipples or so. I think there's

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Speaker 1: sores because they're they're like bleeding pus and he's so

422
00:22:15,840 --> 00:22:19,440
Speaker 1: people are I see what it is? Now doctors would

423
00:22:19,440 --> 00:22:23,320
Speaker 1: I assume our doctors pro vax ers with horns are

424
00:22:23,440 --> 00:22:27,800
Speaker 1: pouring babies, tiny babies into its mouth, and then it's

425
00:22:28,160 --> 00:22:32,480
Speaker 1: shifting them out. The cow creature is shifting out alligators

426
00:22:33,160 --> 00:22:36,600
Speaker 1: alligator is shifting out the babies. Yeah, it's pretty great.

427
00:22:37,000 --> 00:22:39,159
Speaker 1: That's a good logo. Yeah, we'll have this up on

428
00:22:39,160 --> 00:22:41,960
Speaker 1: the side behind the Bastards dot com. And since we

429
00:22:42,359 --> 00:22:46,320
Speaker 1: just had a colligator shipping dead babies, I think the

430
00:22:46,359 --> 00:22:56,400
Speaker 1: only appropriate thing to do is an ad bread. We're

431
00:22:56,400 --> 00:23:00,840
Speaker 1: back by. Those products really took the taste of that

432
00:23:01,640 --> 00:23:04,280
Speaker 1: sore filled colligator out of my mouth. Now it's back

433
00:23:04,280 --> 00:23:06,160
Speaker 1: in my mouth. Now it's back in your mouth. Yeah,

434
00:23:06,240 --> 00:23:08,760
Speaker 1: I mean it's just right there at that thing. I

435
00:23:08,880 --> 00:23:12,360
Speaker 1: just pretty cool, pretty cool drawing. I kind of love it,

436
00:23:12,520 --> 00:23:15,119
Speaker 1: but not for its purpose. Not for its purpose, but

437
00:23:15,160 --> 00:23:18,640
Speaker 1: you've got to appreciate a good, good, real horrifying. Yeah.

438
00:23:19,280 --> 00:23:22,760
Speaker 1: Political cartoon. Now back in the United States. Despite its

439
00:23:22,760 --> 00:23:25,080
Speaker 1: early head start, the anti vaccine movement was not a

440
00:23:25,080 --> 00:23:28,200
Speaker 1: significant force from most of the eighteen hundreds. After vaccinations

441
00:23:28,200 --> 00:23:30,560
Speaker 1: introduction at the start of the century, the smallpox virus

442
00:23:30,600 --> 00:23:33,560
Speaker 1: was almost eradicated in America by the eighteen twenties or so,

443
00:23:34,080 --> 00:23:36,680
Speaker 1: but it came roaring back in the eighteen seventies because

444
00:23:36,720 --> 00:23:40,240
Speaker 1: so many people stopped vaccinating themselves. Since the gender vaccine

445
00:23:40,280 --> 00:23:42,840
Speaker 1: was only good for five to seven years, regular vaccinations

446
00:23:42,840 --> 00:23:45,440
Speaker 1: were required in order to maintain a city's herd immunity.

447
00:23:45,760 --> 00:23:47,639
Speaker 1: And this is where things get a little muddier in

448
00:23:47,720 --> 00:23:50,840
Speaker 1: terms of blame, because the earliest American vaccine refusers kind

449
00:23:50,880 --> 00:23:53,760
Speaker 1: of had a point. Vaccination was undoubtedly worth it on

450
00:23:53,800 --> 00:23:57,080
Speaker 1: a societal level, but it caused significant human suffering. Taking

451
00:23:57,119 --> 00:23:59,399
Speaker 1: the gender vaccine still made you sick, and some people

452
00:23:59,440 --> 00:24:01,800
Speaker 1: died from it. Um It was not nearly as bad

453
00:24:01,800 --> 00:24:05,040
Speaker 1: as smallpox, but many, particularly white Americans, did not believe

454
00:24:05,080 --> 00:24:07,160
Speaker 1: they needed to suffer through that, since by the late

455
00:24:07,160 --> 00:24:10,080
Speaker 1: eighteen hundreds, smallpox was widely considered to be a disease

456
00:24:10,119 --> 00:24:13,280
Speaker 1: suffered from and spread by black people. One of its

457
00:24:13,320 --> 00:24:18,160
Speaker 1: many nicknames was the inWORD itch. Now, yeah, it's we're

458
00:24:18,440 --> 00:24:20,399
Speaker 1: I mean, we're talking about America in the eighteen seventies.

459
00:24:20,400 --> 00:24:23,800
Speaker 1: We're gonna be diving into some hardcore racism, some like

460
00:24:24,000 --> 00:24:26,240
Speaker 1: some like racism that David Duke would look at and

461
00:24:26,280 --> 00:24:31,560
Speaker 1: be like, guys, too far and that's far, that's far. Yeah. So,

462
00:24:31,680 --> 00:24:34,879
Speaker 1: when smallpox outbreaks would hit cities, large numbers of particularly

463
00:24:34,920 --> 00:24:39,000
Speaker 1: affluent Americans would often refuse vaccination. Families would also hide

464
00:24:39,000 --> 00:24:41,119
Speaker 1: their sick family members rather than turning them over to

465
00:24:41,160 --> 00:24:43,280
Speaker 1: pox houses, where they'd basically sit in a prison for

466
00:24:43,320 --> 00:24:45,760
Speaker 1: weeks and either recover or die. That's what happened when

467
00:24:45,760 --> 00:24:47,960
Speaker 1: you caught small box, and especially if you were poor.

468
00:24:48,600 --> 00:24:51,600
Speaker 1: Black families were particularly likely to hide their ilkin because

469
00:24:51,640 --> 00:24:54,040
Speaker 1: of course the pox houses for black people were always

470
00:24:54,080 --> 00:24:57,800
Speaker 1: poorly maintained and terrifying. Sick prisons, definitely, and you would

471
00:24:57,840 --> 00:25:01,240
Speaker 1: almost definitely die. Yeah. Early anti vaccine sentiment then was

472
00:25:01,280 --> 00:25:03,359
Speaker 1: not so much a rejection of vaccines as it was

473
00:25:03,400 --> 00:25:05,439
Speaker 1: a fear of getting sick mixed with racism and an

474
00:25:05,480 --> 00:25:09,119
Speaker 1: understandable fear of racism. But in short order, an understandable

475
00:25:09,119 --> 00:25:12,040
Speaker 1: impulse morphed into an ideology familiar to anyone who's listened

476
00:25:12,040 --> 00:25:16,600
Speaker 1: to Jenny McCarthy lately Here's Discover magazine. In eighteen seventy nine,

477
00:25:16,640 --> 00:25:18,520
Speaker 1: after a visit to New York by William Tebb, the

478
00:25:18,560 --> 00:25:22,160
Speaker 1: leading British anti vaccinationist, the Anti Vaccination Society of America

479
00:25:22,240 --> 00:25:25,760
Speaker 1: was founded. Subsequently, the New England Anti Compulsory Vaccination League

480
00:25:25,760 --> 00:25:28,240
Speaker 1: was formed in eighteen eighty two, and the Anti Vaccine

481
00:25:28,280 --> 00:25:31,399
Speaker 1: League of New York City in eighteen eighty five. Using pamphlets,

482
00:25:31,480 --> 00:25:34,400
Speaker 1: court battles and vigorous fights on the floor of state legislatures.

483
00:25:34,600 --> 00:25:41,639
Speaker 1: The anti vaccinationists succeeded in repealing compulsory vaccination laws in California, Illinois, Indiana, Minnesota, Utah,

484
00:25:41,680 --> 00:25:45,159
Speaker 1: West Virginia, and Wisconsin. A continual battle was waged between

485
00:25:45,200 --> 00:25:48,359
Speaker 1: public health authorities and the anti vaccinationists, with the anti

486
00:25:48,440 --> 00:25:51,840
Speaker 1: vaccinationist battling vaccination in the courts and instigating riots. In

487
00:25:51,880 --> 00:25:54,640
Speaker 1: Montreal and Milwaukee. There was also a riot and rio

488
00:25:54,720 --> 00:25:57,720
Speaker 1: de jan era. They were like riots over vaccinations. People

489
00:25:57,760 --> 00:26:01,600
Speaker 1: like shot at each other over vaccinations. That's crazy, fighting

490
00:26:01,600 --> 00:26:06,280
Speaker 1: in the streets over vaccination, over vaccinations. Now this might

491
00:26:06,320 --> 00:26:07,960
Speaker 1: make a little bit more sense in a little while.

492
00:26:08,240 --> 00:26:11,360
Speaker 1: Um being Americans, the anti vactor has also made political cartoons.

493
00:26:11,920 --> 00:26:14,400
Speaker 1: Ours were not as subtle or as artistic as the

494
00:26:14,520 --> 00:26:17,920
Speaker 1: European ones. You want to describe that. Yeah, so we've

495
00:26:17,920 --> 00:26:21,919
Speaker 1: got a snake labeled vaccination just written right on the

496
00:26:22,000 --> 00:26:26,840
Speaker 1: side in big words, this is a badal. It's hissing

497
00:26:27,000 --> 00:26:30,720
Speaker 1: at a mother and her infant child. And then behind

498
00:26:30,800 --> 00:26:35,720
Speaker 1: the snake is a skeleton in all which I must

499
00:26:35,760 --> 00:26:39,240
Speaker 1: assume is death. And then over top it says do

500
00:26:39,880 --> 00:26:42,520
Speaker 1: not vaccinate. Now, what do you think the message of

501
00:26:42,520 --> 00:26:47,000
Speaker 1: that cartoon is I really think that it's about the economy. Yeah,

502
00:26:47,119 --> 00:26:49,879
Speaker 1: that's what I'm getting. I think it's it's about the economy,

503
00:26:50,240 --> 00:26:54,760
Speaker 1: the quality, collapse of the banking system in what I read.

504
00:26:54,920 --> 00:26:56,720
Speaker 1: That's what That's what I read from it to a

505
00:26:56,760 --> 00:27:00,320
Speaker 1: lot of subtleties and that giant snake with vaccination. Sorry,

506
00:27:00,359 --> 00:27:04,600
Speaker 1: that's a bad cartoon. That's not an effective cartoon. Whoever

507
00:27:04,680 --> 00:27:07,320
Speaker 1: drew that shouldn't be making them. Also, the mom has

508
00:27:07,359 --> 00:27:13,119
Speaker 1: a really shitty face, a really shitty face. Yea, yeah,

509
00:27:13,440 --> 00:27:17,200
Speaker 1: the baby looks weird. Baby looks weird. Fan of the skeleton.

510
00:27:17,240 --> 00:27:18,800
Speaker 1: I'm a fan of the skeleton. That's the best part.

511
00:27:18,800 --> 00:27:20,480
Speaker 1: I would love to see the world where it's just

512
00:27:20,520 --> 00:27:23,399
Speaker 1: skeletons and veils and I love I want to imagine

513
00:27:23,400 --> 00:27:25,919
Speaker 1: the editor talking to this cartoonist being like, no, the

514
00:27:25,920 --> 00:27:29,560
Speaker 1: snake with vaccination written on the side isn't clear enough. Skeleton. Yeah,

515
00:27:29,640 --> 00:27:31,480
Speaker 1: we need a skeleton up in there. I'm still not

516
00:27:31,560 --> 00:27:34,400
Speaker 1: getting it. Just put a label at the very top

517
00:27:34,840 --> 00:27:39,680
Speaker 1: with two exclamation point just to all caps. All caps.

518
00:27:40,600 --> 00:27:42,840
Speaker 1: By the turn of the century, the federal organization in

519
00:27:42,920 --> 00:27:45,119
Speaker 1: charge of stopping the spread of smallpox in America was

520
00:27:45,160 --> 00:27:48,120
Speaker 1: the United States Marine Hospital Service. This was a quasi

521
00:27:48,160 --> 00:27:51,679
Speaker 1: military organization, and it needed to be. Resistance to vaccination

522
00:27:51,680 --> 00:27:54,200
Speaker 1: in American cities was often violent. Starting in the late

523
00:27:54,240 --> 00:27:57,120
Speaker 1: eighteen nineties, a new strain of smallpox began racing through

524
00:27:57,119 --> 00:28:00,480
Speaker 1: communities in the American South. It was milder and less deadly,

525
00:28:00,760 --> 00:28:02,879
Speaker 1: which sounds like a good thing, but it was not

526
00:28:03,080 --> 00:28:06,560
Speaker 1: necessarily a good thing. Diseases that mutate into less deadly

527
00:28:06,680 --> 00:28:09,320
Speaker 1: versions can just as easily mutate into something more lethal,

528
00:28:09,440 --> 00:28:12,119
Speaker 1: so it's still just as important to eradicate infestations when

529
00:28:12,160 --> 00:28:15,080
Speaker 1: they start. However, the fact that the new smallpox killed

530
00:28:15,119 --> 00:28:18,359
Speaker 1: fewer people acted as fuel for the anti vaccine movement.

531
00:28:18,600 --> 00:28:20,960
Speaker 1: This smallpox barely kills anyone, why should we vaccinated our

532
00:28:21,000 --> 00:28:23,360
Speaker 1: kids against it? Uh So? The fact that this new

533
00:28:23,359 --> 00:28:26,560
Speaker 1: strand smallpox had a reputation for infecting quote none but

534
00:28:26,720 --> 00:28:30,679
Speaker 1: negroes also had another major impact. Oh god, yeah, I

535
00:28:30,720 --> 00:28:33,480
Speaker 1: can totally see how it goes. So rather than being

536
00:28:33,480 --> 00:28:35,680
Speaker 1: wiped out when it started to spread, this new smallpox

537
00:28:35,760 --> 00:28:39,320
Speaker 1: virus burnt through the Southeast like a Texas wildfire. Here's

538
00:28:39,320 --> 00:28:43,120
Speaker 1: the book Pox cuban Itch. Some called it or Puerto

539
00:28:43,200 --> 00:28:49,360
Speaker 1: Rico scratch, Manila scab, Filipino itch, Mexican bump inWORD itch,

540
00:28:49,720 --> 00:28:54,960
Speaker 1: Italian itch, Hungarian itch, camp itch, army itch, elephant itch,

541
00:28:55,320 --> 00:29:00,440
Speaker 1: kangaroo itch, cedar itch, bean pox, or simply bumps. Really

542
00:29:00,440 --> 00:29:03,920
Speaker 1: curious about why kangaroos came into it. Was it about

543
00:29:03,960 --> 00:29:08,320
Speaker 1: Australia like the outlaws in Australia, it was still the

544
00:29:08,320 --> 00:29:11,200
Speaker 1: Australians are bringing in the small box. Maybe maybe it

545
00:29:11,240 --> 00:29:15,000
Speaker 1: was directed at Indigenous people in Australia after all of

546
00:29:15,040 --> 00:29:17,280
Speaker 1: the racism and the preceding two thirds of that. The

547
00:29:17,360 --> 00:29:19,760
Speaker 1: idea that they might have just hated Australians is almost

548
00:29:19,760 --> 00:29:24,920
Speaker 1: like almost wholesome. It is almost kangaroo, which might I

549
00:29:24,960 --> 00:29:27,000
Speaker 1: feel like someone's going to call us out on on

550
00:29:27,000 --> 00:29:29,000
Speaker 1: that and be like no, no, no, no. Kangaroo was

551
00:29:29,040 --> 00:29:35,000
Speaker 1: a racial slur for the Portuguese O God was it

552
00:29:35,080 --> 00:29:39,280
Speaker 1: affecting like Cuba and Puerto Rico. I mean it affected everywhere.

553
00:29:39,400 --> 00:29:41,520
Speaker 1: It spread through the world like wildfire. One of the

554
00:29:41,560 --> 00:29:43,880
Speaker 1: reasons why there was this myth that black people were

555
00:29:43,920 --> 00:29:47,160
Speaker 1: more likely to get it is that particularly black minstrel

556
00:29:47,200 --> 00:29:49,960
Speaker 1: shows traveled a lot throughout this area, and so these

557
00:29:50,000 --> 00:29:52,719
Speaker 1: people would be traveling, and people who travel a lot

558
00:29:52,760 --> 00:29:54,960
Speaker 1: are more likely to spread diseases and stuff, So that

559
00:29:55,080 --> 00:29:57,560
Speaker 1: was like one reason, but it was also like a

560
00:29:57,600 --> 00:30:00,239
Speaker 1: lot of it was just racism, Like they would just say, well,

561
00:30:00,280 --> 00:30:01,720
Speaker 1: it must have been a black guy who brought that

562
00:30:01,760 --> 00:30:04,360
Speaker 1: is east to town just because they were racist. Yeah,

563
00:30:04,360 --> 00:30:09,040
Speaker 1: it's like how immigrants bring crime. Ya, that's what they do.

564
00:30:09,240 --> 00:30:12,440
Speaker 1: That's what they do. That's my parents came here and

565
00:30:12,480 --> 00:30:17,800
Speaker 1: said it's time to rob And you know, only our

566
00:30:17,840 --> 00:30:20,240
Speaker 1: doctors are immigrants. And I feel like, as a country,

567
00:30:20,280 --> 00:30:22,320
Speaker 1: if there's one thing we can lose, it's a quarter

568
00:30:22,360 --> 00:30:25,680
Speaker 1: of our doctors. Oh yeah, we're doing We're healthy. Yeah,

569
00:30:25,760 --> 00:30:29,240
Speaker 1: we're fine, we're fine, we're doing great. I do listen

570
00:30:29,280 --> 00:30:32,400
Speaker 1: to that, and I'm like, oh, my desire to not

571
00:30:32,520 --> 00:30:36,880
Speaker 1: get a flu shot is not too far off from

572
00:30:37,040 --> 00:30:40,240
Speaker 1: them being like it's just baby smallpox, just baby smallpox. No,

573
00:30:40,320 --> 00:30:42,360
Speaker 1: I mean we all like, that's you can see why

574
00:30:42,360 --> 00:30:44,360
Speaker 1: it spreads like these are all you know. I don't

575
00:30:44,440 --> 00:30:46,440
Speaker 1: get the flu shot as often as I ought to,

576
00:30:46,560 --> 00:30:48,760
Speaker 1: so I'm like, I won't get I trust that my

577
00:30:48,880 --> 00:30:51,760
Speaker 1: eating expired muscles and clams on a regular basis will

578
00:30:51,840 --> 00:30:54,360
Speaker 1: keep me safe from everything. Yeah, so far it has.

579
00:30:54,440 --> 00:30:55,880
Speaker 1: I have had I'm one of the only people you

580
00:30:55,960 --> 00:30:59,280
Speaker 1: probably meet who's had a polio in a smallpox vaccination. Oh,

581
00:30:59,440 --> 00:31:01,880
Speaker 1: because I've traveled in some places where it's like you,

582
00:31:01,880 --> 00:31:05,240
Speaker 1: you might want to get a polio vaccination has been

583
00:31:05,240 --> 00:31:10,040
Speaker 1: going down here, and the smallpox vaccination does suck. Did

584
00:31:10,080 --> 00:31:12,600
Speaker 1: you get the flu? No? No, but like your arm

585
00:31:12,720 --> 00:31:15,120
Speaker 1: is fucked up for a while, how long, I don't know,

586
00:31:15,160 --> 00:31:19,480
Speaker 1: like four or five days. Like it just sucks. Yeah. So,

587
00:31:20,720 --> 00:31:23,160
Speaker 1: since every white person in America was racist as funk

588
00:31:23,200 --> 00:31:25,360
Speaker 1: back then, and since smallpox was seen as a disease

589
00:31:25,360 --> 00:31:28,160
Speaker 1: spread by non white people, the most Southern communities responded

590
00:31:28,160 --> 00:31:30,640
Speaker 1: to outbreaks by restricting the mobility of their black citizens

591
00:31:30,640 --> 00:31:33,120
Speaker 1: even more often quarantining the black parts of town when

592
00:31:33,120 --> 00:31:35,480
Speaker 1: an outbreak started. This, of course, led to black people

593
00:31:35,520 --> 00:31:38,840
Speaker 1: hiding their sick family members from vaccination corps doctors. Racism

594
00:31:38,880 --> 00:31:41,760
Speaker 1: also meant that many communities failed to take the outbreak seriously.

595
00:31:41,920 --> 00:31:45,120
Speaker 1: In even when smallpox began raging in the black neighborhood

596
00:31:45,120 --> 00:31:48,560
Speaker 1: of Middlesboro, Kentucky, white people basically ignored the problem. At first.

597
00:31:48,720 --> 00:31:51,760
Speaker 1: The local newspaper wrote quote up to the present, no

598
00:31:51,880 --> 00:31:54,320
Speaker 1: white people have been attacked, and there is positively no

599
00:31:54,400 --> 00:31:59,720
Speaker 1: occasion for alarm. There was thousand something like people got

600
00:31:59,720 --> 00:32:02,200
Speaker 1: it there. It was a terrible, terrible outbreak. Unlike everyone

601
00:32:02,200 --> 00:32:04,640
Speaker 1: else back then, smallpox was not racist, and it quickly

602
00:32:04,680 --> 00:32:08,240
Speaker 1: spread through both black and white homes. So very woke illness.

603
00:32:08,360 --> 00:32:11,640
Speaker 1: That's a good lineoox, Yeah, very good line. The Marine

604
00:32:11,680 --> 00:32:14,600
Speaker 1: Hospital Service sent over doctors to contain the outbreak, since

605
00:32:14,640 --> 00:32:17,560
Speaker 1: local authorities had failed horribly. The city was, quote from

606
00:32:17,560 --> 00:32:20,600
Speaker 1: the book Pox, divided into five districts, one inspector to

607
00:32:20,680 --> 00:32:23,360
Speaker 1: each make a house to house canvas. A local newspaper

608
00:32:23,400 --> 00:32:27,000
Speaker 1: boasted awkwardly that the services inspection showed that quote, outside

609
00:32:27,000 --> 00:32:29,320
Speaker 1: of smallpox, this is the healthiest town on the globe.

610
00:32:30,080 --> 00:32:34,480
Speaker 1: What they examined. Everyone vaccinating the few unscarred people they found.

611
00:32:34,640 --> 00:32:37,200
Speaker 1: Anyone who refused the vaccination order was promptly turned over

612
00:32:37,240 --> 00:32:39,440
Speaker 1: to the city authorities, who gave the violator the option

613
00:32:39,480 --> 00:32:42,479
Speaker 1: of being vaccinated or taken to jail. This was quote

614
00:32:42,520 --> 00:32:45,200
Speaker 1: something of a moot question, because if the uncooperating person

615
00:32:45,200 --> 00:32:47,680
Speaker 1: shows jail, they are vaccinated as soon as they enter

616
00:32:47,760 --> 00:32:50,280
Speaker 1: under a law requiring all inmates of jails to be vaccinated.

617
00:32:50,360 --> 00:32:52,680
Speaker 1: My god, I kind of love that. Yeah, it's pretty great.

618
00:32:52,960 --> 00:32:56,360
Speaker 1: Many who resisted were simply handcuffed and vaccinated, literally at gunpoint.

619
00:32:56,440 --> 00:32:58,400
Speaker 1: Police would show up. No, you're got You're gonna get

620
00:32:58,400 --> 00:33:02,680
Speaker 1: the fucking shot right now. Which do you When infected

621
00:33:02,720 --> 00:33:04,720
Speaker 1: people were found in a home, all clothing and betting

622
00:33:04,760 --> 00:33:06,680
Speaker 1: was burnt, the house would be pumped full of sulfur

623
00:33:06,680 --> 00:33:08,720
Speaker 1: smoke in order to sterilize it. If the home was

624
00:33:08,760 --> 00:33:11,480
Speaker 1: too old and drafty to be effectively sterilized this way,

625
00:33:11,680 --> 00:33:14,160
Speaker 1: the vaccination core would just burn it down. Well, it

626
00:33:14,240 --> 00:33:15,680
Speaker 1: was like a part of this, we just gotta burn

627
00:33:15,720 --> 00:33:19,840
Speaker 1: down this whole block. Suck it. I understand a how

628
00:33:19,960 --> 00:33:22,760
Speaker 1: that was effective, but also be how that made people

629
00:33:22,880 --> 00:33:25,840
Speaker 1: be like, it's not like today where someone's just reading

630
00:33:25,880 --> 00:33:28,480
Speaker 1: nonsense on the internet and decide not to vaccinate their kids.

631
00:33:28,520 --> 00:33:30,280
Speaker 1: It's like, you see these people showing up at your

632
00:33:30,280 --> 00:33:33,320
Speaker 1: door with guns and cutting your arm and burning down houses,

633
00:33:33,360 --> 00:33:36,760
Speaker 1: and you don't like them. It's like down houses a lot.

634
00:33:36,880 --> 00:33:40,640
Speaker 1: I get why you might not trust these people. It's

635
00:33:40,680 --> 00:33:43,360
Speaker 1: not unreasonable. Yeah, I think the people burning down the

636
00:33:43,360 --> 00:33:46,640
Speaker 1: house in this case are overall in the right. I

637
00:33:46,720 --> 00:33:50,080
Speaker 1: get I get the resistance a team. McCormick was a

638
00:33:50,120 --> 00:33:53,000
Speaker 1: member of the Kentucky Board of Health. The Middlesborough outbreak

639
00:33:53,080 --> 00:33:55,480
Speaker 1: was a major black mark on his organization's name because

640
00:33:55,480 --> 00:33:57,760
Speaker 1: they basically ignored shit when it started and then failed

641
00:33:57,760 --> 00:34:00,440
Speaker 1: to provide adequate resources to fight the epidemic. In order

642
00:34:00,440 --> 00:34:03,360
Speaker 1: to say face, McCormick blamed black people, announcing that quote

643
00:34:03,360 --> 00:34:05,600
Speaker 1: the exemption of the white race from this mild strain

644
00:34:05,640 --> 00:34:09,040
Speaker 1: of smallpox was over and quote visiting and strange negro

645
00:34:09,120 --> 00:34:14,960
Speaker 1: should be hunted, vaccinated, and kept under observation. Again, not

646
00:34:15,040 --> 00:34:18,680
Speaker 1: all good guys on this side. So uh. During outbreaks,

647
00:34:18,719 --> 00:34:21,880
Speaker 1: local governments would force community members to provide proof of vaccination.

648
00:34:21,960 --> 00:34:24,560
Speaker 1: Failure to do so could result in fines, usually between

649
00:34:24,600 --> 00:34:27,640
Speaker 1: five and a hundred dollars. Short jail terms were also common,

650
00:34:27,640 --> 00:34:29,759
Speaker 1: but local judges would also force people to work on

651
00:34:29,840 --> 00:34:32,760
Speaker 1: chain gangs. In one instance in North Carolina, a vaccine

652
00:34:32,800 --> 00:34:36,040
Speaker 1: refuser who threatened to spread smallpox to his political enemies

653
00:34:36,200 --> 00:34:39,319
Speaker 1: had quote three buggy whips worn out on him, so

654
00:34:39,360 --> 00:34:43,560
Speaker 1: they were within people. Sometimes for this everything is hardcore.

655
00:34:43,680 --> 00:34:47,279
Speaker 1: In the late eighteen hundreds, nobody half asses anything. Yeah,

656
00:34:47,360 --> 00:34:49,879
Speaker 1: which is weird too. Because it's also the era of

657
00:34:49,920 --> 00:34:56,240
Speaker 1: like female propriety and like like just being proper in general,

658
00:34:56,280 --> 00:35:00,080
Speaker 1: and that Victorian sensibility. What side of so the is

659
00:35:00,120 --> 00:35:01,960
Speaker 1: also the area in which the feminist movement is very

660
00:35:02,000 --> 00:35:03,520
Speaker 1: first starting to come in. Which side of this do

661
00:35:03,560 --> 00:35:08,359
Speaker 1: you think they wind up on? Oh? God, okay, they were?

662
00:35:09,719 --> 00:35:12,040
Speaker 1: Well no, Actually, that's part of what makes this fun.

663
00:35:12,160 --> 00:35:13,960
Speaker 1: I mean, some of them were, but that's part of

664
00:35:13,960 --> 00:35:16,600
Speaker 1: what we're getting to that so well, vaccination was a

665
00:35:16,640 --> 00:35:18,680
Speaker 1: clear good and a necessary thing. Many of its major

666
00:35:18,719 --> 00:35:21,160
Speaker 1: advocates were bastards. And this is where the story gets

667
00:35:21,239 --> 00:35:23,280
Speaker 1: kind of weird because a lot of the first American

668
00:35:23,280 --> 00:35:26,440
Speaker 1: anti vaccine advocates were not idiots and kuks. Many of

669
00:35:26,480 --> 00:35:30,120
Speaker 1: them were progressives who supported women's suffrage in anti racist policies,

670
00:35:30,280 --> 00:35:32,640
Speaker 1: and we're reacting to the racism that was often present

671
00:35:32,680 --> 00:35:35,759
Speaker 1: in vaccination campaigns. While the first anti vax movement in

672
00:35:35,800 --> 00:35:38,600
Speaker 1: England was a working class thing, the American anti vax

673
00:35:38,640 --> 00:35:42,719
Speaker 1: movement was an affluent left wing movement. So basically, right

674
00:35:42,719 --> 00:35:45,520
Speaker 1: wing authoritarian assholes like the governments in small town southern

675
00:35:45,600 --> 00:35:47,880
Speaker 1: America were pro vaccine but also used the threat of

676
00:35:47,920 --> 00:35:50,600
Speaker 1: smallpox to further repressed black people and generally went about

677
00:35:50,640 --> 00:35:53,320
Speaker 1: ensuring vaccine laws were complied with in the most brutal

678
00:35:53,320 --> 00:35:56,719
Speaker 1: way possible. Meanwhile, a lot of leftists were anti vaccine,

679
00:35:56,760 --> 00:35:59,360
Speaker 1: which was insanely dangerous, But they were also reacting to

680
00:35:59,400 --> 00:36:01,080
Speaker 1: a lot of the big getry that was wrapped up

681
00:36:01,080 --> 00:36:04,399
Speaker 1: in the whole thing. It's fucking why, very complicated, it really.

682
00:36:05,440 --> 00:36:09,279
Speaker 1: Frederick Douglas, the famed abolitionist, stood against compulsory vaccination. You

683
00:36:09,320 --> 00:36:12,200
Speaker 1: believe that mandatory vaccines were an encroachment on people's freedom

684
00:36:12,200 --> 00:36:15,719
Speaker 1: of choice because they were like whipping, whipping people in

685
00:36:15,760 --> 00:36:18,400
Speaker 1: burning houses. Yeah, you can see why someone would be

686
00:36:18,480 --> 00:36:20,840
Speaker 1: on the other side of that. Leo Tolstoy was an

687
00:36:20,840 --> 00:36:23,799
Speaker 1: anti vaccine sympathizer, agreeing with the cause for the same

688
00:36:23,800 --> 00:36:26,400
Speaker 1: reason he agreed with quote every struggle for liberty in

689
00:36:26,440 --> 00:36:29,560
Speaker 1: any sphere of life. These were not always high minded

690
00:36:29,600 --> 00:36:33,200
Speaker 1: arguments about freedom. George Bernard Shaw called vaccination a peculiarly

691
00:36:33,239 --> 00:36:35,880
Speaker 1: filthy piece of witchcraft. If you're a fan of a

692
00:36:35,920 --> 00:36:38,080
Speaker 1: great author or poet or civil rights leader from the

693
00:36:38,160 --> 00:36:40,560
Speaker 1: late eighteen hundreds or early nineteen hundreds, there's a weirdly

694
00:36:40,600 --> 00:36:43,880
Speaker 1: good chance they were anti vaccine. Advocates. The book Pox

695
00:36:43,920 --> 00:36:45,800
Speaker 1: says that these people were part of a now mostly

696
00:36:45,840 --> 00:36:50,200
Speaker 1: defunct American intellectual tradition called libertarian radicalism. These folks aren't

697
00:36:50,239 --> 00:36:52,440
Speaker 1: libertarians in the sense that we're used to. Most of

698
00:36:52,440 --> 00:36:55,080
Speaker 1: what they advocated had nothing to do with economics. You know,

699
00:36:55,120 --> 00:36:57,440
Speaker 1: iron Ran hadn't been born yet. They were more focused

700
00:36:57,480 --> 00:36:59,640
Speaker 1: on personal freedom, which made them great on issues like

701
00:36:59,719 --> 00:37:01,920
Speaker 1: letting women vote and arguing that black people shouldn't be

702
00:37:02,000 --> 00:37:05,560
Speaker 1: murdered by cops, but made them bad on vaccination. Quote

703
00:37:05,640 --> 00:37:07,879
Speaker 1: from the book Box, the same men and women who

704
00:37:07,960 --> 00:37:10,560
Speaker 1: joined anti vaccination leagues tended to throw themselves into other

705
00:37:10,560 --> 00:37:14,120
Speaker 1: maligned causes of their era, including anti imperialism, women's rights,

706
00:37:14,200 --> 00:37:18,240
Speaker 1: anti vivisection, vegetarianism, Henry Georgie's single tax, the fight against

707
00:37:18,320 --> 00:37:21,680
Speaker 1: government censorship of obscene materials under the late nineteenth century

708
00:37:21,680 --> 00:37:26,160
Speaker 1: comstock laws, and opposition to state eugenics. Interesting. Yeah, it's

709
00:37:26,640 --> 00:37:32,080
Speaker 1: really complicated. Well, it's I mean, I get it because

710
00:37:32,640 --> 00:37:37,359
Speaker 1: the way it was compulsory vaccination was enforced was problematic. Yeah,

711
00:37:37,400 --> 00:37:40,279
Speaker 1: problematic even when it's like necessary, when it's like no,

712
00:37:40,480 --> 00:37:42,439
Speaker 1: thousands of people will die if we're not burning down

713
00:37:42,440 --> 00:37:46,600
Speaker 1: houses like forcing, and you know people's houses who got

714
00:37:46,600 --> 00:37:48,960
Speaker 1: burned down. Rich people didn't get their houses burned down.

715
00:37:49,360 --> 00:37:52,160
Speaker 1: Rich people didn't get forced at gunpoint probably. Uh. And

716
00:37:52,160 --> 00:37:54,359
Speaker 1: there were some doctors shot doing this too, Like it

717
00:37:54,440 --> 00:37:56,640
Speaker 1: was hard for ship. Like you could do a pretty

718
00:37:56,680 --> 00:38:00,359
Speaker 1: good like Showtime original series about like being a hard

719
00:38:00,400 --> 00:38:06,400
Speaker 1: boiled vaccine doctor. I don't know, but I think Woody

720
00:38:06,440 --> 00:38:09,919
Speaker 1: Harrelson would be a great two fisted vaccine doctor, very

721
00:38:10,000 --> 00:38:13,040
Speaker 1: good cutting fucking razor blade in one hand, cutting people's

722
00:38:13,120 --> 00:38:18,360
Speaker 1: arms and shooting others. It's great. Well, okay, if anyone's listening.

723
00:38:18,360 --> 00:38:24,160
Speaker 1: If anyone's listening, that's a hot ticket. I'll write your scripts.

724
00:38:24,719 --> 00:38:27,040
Speaker 1: I don't know how to write scripts, but but you

725
00:38:27,080 --> 00:38:30,800
Speaker 1: can definitely consult. I'll draw a crude picture of Woody

726
00:38:30,800 --> 00:38:35,319
Speaker 1: Harrelson being a badass vaccine doctor. It'll be great, and

727
00:38:35,320 --> 00:38:39,080
Speaker 1: it'll have similarities to the cow. It'll it's gonna look

728
00:38:39,080 --> 00:38:42,600
Speaker 1: a lot like the Calligator. Yeah, yeah, yeah, uh so. Yeah,

729
00:38:42,640 --> 00:38:45,120
Speaker 1: this is not the story that I expected. I didn't

730
00:38:45,120 --> 00:38:47,200
Speaker 1: wind up telling when I first started researching the anti

731
00:38:47,280 --> 00:38:50,040
Speaker 1: vaccine movement. Part of this story is that yes, we

732
00:38:50,120 --> 00:38:52,560
Speaker 1: are still very dumb and refused to use life saving

733
00:38:52,640 --> 00:38:56,440
Speaker 1: medicine for dumb reasons. But it's just more complicated than that.

734
00:38:56,480 --> 00:38:58,520
Speaker 1: The fact that being anti vax was more reasonable in

735
00:38:58,520 --> 00:39:00,600
Speaker 1: the late eight hundreds in early nineteen hundreds meant that

736
00:39:00,640 --> 00:39:02,520
Speaker 1: it was also more popular. Like I said, there were

737
00:39:02,640 --> 00:39:05,759
Speaker 1: enormous anti vaccine riots and cities around North and South

738
00:39:05,800 --> 00:39:09,480
Speaker 1: America then as today. Parents who suffered tragic losses or

739
00:39:09,520 --> 00:39:11,680
Speaker 1: health issues with their kids formed a crucial core of

740
00:39:11,719 --> 00:39:15,080
Speaker 1: the movement. In six Laura Little of Minneapolis lost her

741
00:39:15,120 --> 00:39:18,000
Speaker 1: seven year old son. She claimed that the smallpox vaccine

742
00:39:18,040 --> 00:39:19,879
Speaker 1: is what killed him, even though he died seven months

743
00:39:19,920 --> 00:39:23,440
Speaker 1: after being vaccinated, So it wasn't I mean, no, it

744
00:39:23,480 --> 00:39:26,120
Speaker 1: was not. But at the time, like who knows, like

745
00:39:26,320 --> 00:39:29,239
Speaker 1: you know, there's not much science back then, Like he

746
00:39:29,360 --> 00:39:33,080
Speaker 1: got seven months later, it's like he probably got sick.

747
00:39:33,360 --> 00:39:35,440
Speaker 1: What it was is he got sick from the vaccine

748
00:39:35,440 --> 00:39:37,399
Speaker 1: because that's what the vaccine did, and he got sick

749
00:39:37,440 --> 00:39:39,600
Speaker 1: again shortly thereafter. And I think to her it just

750
00:39:39,640 --> 00:39:42,560
Speaker 1: looked like he was sick continually after it, even though

751
00:39:42,600 --> 00:39:46,000
Speaker 1: like lady, it's eighteen ninety six, half of the kids die,

752
00:39:46,480 --> 00:39:51,240
Speaker 1: like kids just die for no reason. Yeah, he shouldn't

753
00:39:51,239 --> 00:39:55,040
Speaker 1: have named him that was a bad call speaking of

754
00:39:55,080 --> 00:39:58,279
Speaker 1: not naming babies. Uh Anna, are you a fan of

755
00:39:58,280 --> 00:40:03,480
Speaker 1: products and services? Um? Yeah, okay, well that's an ad pivot.

756
00:40:10,520 --> 00:40:16,040
Speaker 1: We're back products services. I'll try them. You should try them.

757
00:40:16,400 --> 00:40:21,680
Speaker 1: You know what else? You should try? Vaccination? Fine, I'll

758
00:40:21,680 --> 00:40:25,000
Speaker 1: get a flu shot. I won't. I mean, I keep

759
00:40:25,040 --> 00:40:27,839
Speaker 1: being like I don't work with kids anymore. I do.

760
00:40:27,960 --> 00:40:29,600
Speaker 1: If I'm going to like a family reunion and I

761
00:40:29,600 --> 00:40:32,200
Speaker 1: know I'm gonna be around old people, you do, because

762
00:40:32,680 --> 00:40:34,040
Speaker 1: well I don't want to. Don't want to just like

763
00:40:34,080 --> 00:40:38,080
Speaker 1: my old my elderly relative sick with because they could

764
00:40:38,080 --> 00:40:41,200
Speaker 1: die from there. I would have never even thought about that. Yeah,

765
00:40:41,360 --> 00:40:43,680
Speaker 1: Like that's the main reason. Like I don't care my

766
00:40:43,719 --> 00:40:46,799
Speaker 1: other my roommates are also early thirties, late twenties, Like

767
00:40:46,840 --> 00:40:48,960
Speaker 1: we all get each other sick once a year. It's whatever.

768
00:40:50,280 --> 00:40:52,000
Speaker 1: I don't want to get someone who could die from

769
00:40:52,000 --> 00:40:55,120
Speaker 1: the flu sick. I'm so selfish that when I was

770
00:40:55,200 --> 00:40:58,759
Speaker 1: teaching kindergarten, I got the flu shot only because I

771
00:40:58,800 --> 00:41:02,000
Speaker 1: was like, third can get me sick. At no point

772
00:41:02,080 --> 00:41:06,040
Speaker 1: was I like it's for them. When I taught special ed, uh,

773
00:41:06,239 --> 00:41:08,759
Speaker 1: I never got sick and I never got vaccinated just

774
00:41:08,800 --> 00:41:12,279
Speaker 1: because like you're exposed to every Like that's true. The

775
00:41:12,280 --> 00:41:14,080
Speaker 1: first six months I was sick a lot, and then

776
00:41:14,120 --> 00:41:17,080
Speaker 1: after that I was like fucking iron I had like strapped,

777
00:41:17,200 --> 00:41:18,759
Speaker 1: I was sick all the time. And then yeah, and

778
00:41:18,840 --> 00:41:22,239
Speaker 1: then you're just like invulnerable. Ship. The zombie plague can

779
00:41:22,280 --> 00:41:24,560
Speaker 1: hit tomorrow. I'll fight that ship off. It's like, how

780
00:41:24,600 --> 00:41:28,600
Speaker 1: do people not believe immunity by exposure is a thing

781
00:41:28,840 --> 00:41:33,279
Speaker 1: when literally, that is what happens in life. Yeah, that's

782
00:41:33,280 --> 00:41:39,480
Speaker 1: why teachers are are so terrifying and powerful. That's why

783
00:41:39,520 --> 00:41:42,279
Speaker 1: that's why I don't funk with them. So yeah. Laura

784
00:41:42,360 --> 00:41:45,160
Speaker 1: Little of Minneapolis lost her her little kid, uh, and

785
00:41:45,200 --> 00:41:48,000
Speaker 1: then became a major anti vaccine advocate. She became the

786
00:41:48,120 --> 00:41:50,719
Speaker 1: editor of a magazine called The Liberator, an early anti

787
00:41:50,800 --> 00:41:54,080
Speaker 1: vax pro fringe medicine magazine basically the Natural News of

788
00:41:54,080 --> 00:41:56,359
Speaker 1: its day. Now you may also recognize there was an

789
00:41:56,400 --> 00:41:59,600
Speaker 1: earlier Liberator and the abolitionist era before the Civil War.

790
00:41:59,719 --> 00:42:03,120
Speaker 1: It was an abolitionist newspaper. She named her anti vaccine

791
00:42:03,239 --> 00:42:07,799
Speaker 1: newspaper The Liberator because she saw anti vaccination advocacy as

792
00:42:07,880 --> 00:42:10,840
Speaker 1: part of the same intellectual tradition as abolitionism, and it

793
00:42:10,920 --> 00:42:13,080
Speaker 1: kind of was the same, a lot of the same people,

794
00:42:13,160 --> 00:42:14,880
Speaker 1: Like there were a lot of the older people in

795
00:42:14,880 --> 00:42:18,600
Speaker 1: the active vaccine movement pre Civil War had been abolitionists.

796
00:42:19,360 --> 00:42:23,319
Speaker 1: I guess it's tough now, Yeah, it's getting tough. It's complicated,

797
00:42:23,520 --> 00:42:26,480
Speaker 1: it's really complicated because these are not bad people. They're

798
00:42:26,520 --> 00:42:29,759
Speaker 1: wrong about this, but they're like in eight six being like,

799
00:42:29,840 --> 00:42:33,520
Speaker 1: ladies should vote. Racism is bad. No one else is

800
00:42:33,560 --> 00:42:37,239
Speaker 1: saying that. Yeah, but they're also saying the smallpox vaccine

801
00:42:37,320 --> 00:42:41,640
Speaker 1: is the devil. It's out of step with how science works.

802
00:42:41,680 --> 00:42:45,440
Speaker 1: But again, science wasn't great at this point. Still even still,

803
00:42:45,480 --> 00:42:49,120
Speaker 1: that's right. Yeah. So Laura did work in The Liberator

804
00:42:49,160 --> 00:42:51,520
Speaker 1: that did virgin real journalism. She interviewed the parents of

805
00:42:51,560 --> 00:42:53,640
Speaker 1: children who died as a result of vaccination has gone

806
00:42:53,640 --> 00:42:56,280
Speaker 1: wrong and kids did die as a result. Eighteen nineties

807
00:42:56,360 --> 00:42:57,920
Speaker 1: was not nearly as good as it is now. The

808
00:42:58,040 --> 00:43:00,279
Speaker 1: error rate was a lot higher. One of her was

809
00:43:00,320 --> 00:43:03,120
Speaker 1: titled Crimes of the cow Pox Ring Some moving pictures

810
00:43:03,120 --> 00:43:06,680
Speaker 1: thrown on the dead wall of official silence, solid title.

811
00:43:07,239 --> 00:43:10,279
Speaker 1: Anti vaccine advocates had other tactics besides rioting. Many of

812
00:43:10,280 --> 00:43:13,200
Speaker 1: them would protect their kids by giving them fake vaccination scars,

813
00:43:13,440 --> 00:43:15,400
Speaker 1: or if they couldn't stop their kids from being vaccinated,

814
00:43:15,440 --> 00:43:17,440
Speaker 1: they would attempt to scrub the vaccine out of the

815
00:43:17,560 --> 00:43:20,279
Speaker 1: arm after it was inserted. I'm sorry, both those things

816
00:43:20,320 --> 00:43:24,440
Speaker 1: are horrible, horrible. Now, it would probably be unfair to

817
00:43:24,440 --> 00:43:26,719
Speaker 1: call the people who did that anti vaxers. They were

818
00:43:26,760 --> 00:43:29,759
Speaker 1: anti their kids getting vaccinated because they didn't want their

819
00:43:29,800 --> 00:43:32,480
Speaker 1: kid to get sick. But the anti vaccine movement as

820
00:43:32,520 --> 00:43:35,080
Speaker 1: an ideological movement was a very different thing, and it

821
00:43:35,120 --> 00:43:37,439
Speaker 1: was more wrapped up in like freedom of choice and

822
00:43:37,560 --> 00:43:41,080
Speaker 1: resistance to racism in that sort of him So it's wonky.

823
00:43:41,200 --> 00:43:44,840
Speaker 1: Many early anti vaxxers were doctors, or at least doctors

824
00:43:45,360 --> 00:43:47,879
Speaker 1: doing the hand quote sign, because again, the late eighteen

825
00:43:47,960 --> 00:43:50,000
Speaker 1: hundreds and early nineteen hundreds was the period in which

826
00:43:50,040 --> 00:43:53,040
Speaker 1: medicine was starting to become real. Up until that point,

827
00:43:53,080 --> 00:43:56,200
Speaker 1: to most Americans, a doctor of homeopathy was probably just

828
00:43:56,239 --> 00:43:59,239
Speaker 1: as credible as a Stanford surgeon. Most medicine was just

829
00:43:59,280 --> 00:44:01,440
Speaker 1: whiskey and hands at this point. So people were not

830
00:44:01,480 --> 00:44:04,000
Speaker 1: nearly as dumb as they are today for distrusting medical science.

831
00:44:04,040 --> 00:44:08,279
Speaker 1: Were they letting blood? Oh yeah, all the time, and

832
00:44:08,360 --> 00:44:10,880
Speaker 1: you know that's not always pretty to do, but like,

833
00:44:10,880 --> 00:44:13,000
Speaker 1: like this is the point where anyone can call themselves

834
00:44:13,000 --> 00:44:15,120
Speaker 1: a doctor. In the medical community was just starting to

835
00:44:15,120 --> 00:44:17,360
Speaker 1: figure out, Okay, well some of us are actually doctors,

836
00:44:17,360 --> 00:44:19,879
Speaker 1: and some of us are charlatan's, and like a lot

837
00:44:19,920 --> 00:44:22,319
Speaker 1: of the charlatan's wound up on the anti vaccine side

838
00:44:22,320 --> 00:44:26,520
Speaker 1: of things because they were pro natural medicine or whatever. Yeah,

839
00:44:26,600 --> 00:44:30,400
Speaker 1: that's interesting. I mean, I think it's echoed today in

840
00:44:30,640 --> 00:44:34,720
Speaker 1: how we trust doctors and how younger doctors are using

841
00:44:34,760 --> 00:44:39,760
Speaker 1: newer technology and newer strategies, but the older doctors aren't

842
00:44:39,760 --> 00:44:44,319
Speaker 1: always doing the medes. Now, there was a lot of

843
00:44:44,320 --> 00:44:48,480
Speaker 1: reason to distrust the credible doctors and mainstream medical science

844
00:44:48,480 --> 00:44:50,480
Speaker 1: at this point. One thing that would have been in

845
00:44:50,560 --> 00:44:52,520
Speaker 1: living memory from any of the people doing this was

846
00:44:53,040 --> 00:44:55,600
Speaker 1: during the Civil War, Robert E. Lee's army, the Army

847
00:44:55,640 --> 00:44:59,239
Speaker 1: of Northern Virginia had five thousand men rendered combat ineffective

848
00:44:59,280 --> 00:45:02,400
Speaker 1: before the battle Chancellor's Bill because when they've been vaccinated,

849
00:45:02,680 --> 00:45:05,160
Speaker 1: the doctor had accidentally used part of a syphilis or

850
00:45:05,280 --> 00:45:07,560
Speaker 1: in order to make the vaccine. Oh my god, So

851
00:45:07,600 --> 00:45:14,319
Speaker 1: they all got yeah, that's true. That does feel like

852
00:45:15,239 --> 00:45:22,360
Speaker 1: that does feel like karma. Wow, that's crazy. That is

853
00:45:22,400 --> 00:45:25,560
Speaker 1: crazy that doctor gets like stone today he would hope,

854
00:45:25,600 --> 00:45:28,479
Speaker 1: so right, like even though like that's a pretty big

855
00:45:29,800 --> 00:45:32,600
Speaker 1: oh yeah, maybe he was like a that's the movie

856
00:45:32,840 --> 00:45:36,280
Speaker 1: or the show that that's the show. Like a doctor

857
00:45:36,400 --> 00:45:40,040
Speaker 1: like infecting the Confederate army with syphilis. That's such a

858
00:45:40,040 --> 00:45:42,920
Speaker 1: smart that's a really smart because that five thousand men,

859
00:45:43,000 --> 00:45:45,160
Speaker 1: that's like a fucking that's like half a division or

860
00:45:45,200 --> 00:45:48,160
Speaker 1: something like that. That's a lot of combat strength lost. Yeah,

861
00:45:48,520 --> 00:45:51,799
Speaker 1: pretty cool, pretty cool. But for the people in this

862
00:45:51,880 --> 00:45:54,080
Speaker 1: era is a like that that would have been a

863
00:45:54,120 --> 00:45:56,560
Speaker 1: famous example of like, well, you can't trust these doctors.

864
00:45:56,560 --> 00:45:59,560
Speaker 1: I don't want my kid getting syphilis, right that actually

865
00:46:00,520 --> 00:46:03,000
Speaker 1: that did happen. So you've got all these doctors who

866
00:46:03,000 --> 00:46:05,840
Speaker 1: are chiropractors and homeopaths, and they are basically fighting a

867
00:46:05,840 --> 00:46:08,520
Speaker 1: war within the medical establishment with what we know today

868
00:46:08,600 --> 00:46:10,719
Speaker 1: is real doctors. But we're at that time not a

869
00:46:10,719 --> 00:46:14,080
Speaker 1: whole lot more credible. You know. The vice president of

870
00:46:14,120 --> 00:46:16,759
Speaker 1: the Anti Vaccination Society of America was what was known

871
00:46:16,800 --> 00:46:19,839
Speaker 1: as a botanical physician. He prefers to use natural, plant

872
00:46:19,840 --> 00:46:23,839
Speaker 1: based medicine rather than pharmaceutical drugs, and you know, mercury. Uh.

873
00:46:23,880 --> 00:46:27,239
Speaker 1: This guy, Dr Climber wrote a tract called Vaccination Brought

874
00:46:27,320 --> 00:46:30,359
Speaker 1: Home to You. His sources were mainstream medical textbooks which

875
00:46:30,360 --> 00:46:32,759
Speaker 1: talked extensively about the very real side effects of that

876
00:46:32,880 --> 00:46:36,160
Speaker 1: error's vaccines. So he's basically taking books written by his

877
00:46:36,200 --> 00:46:38,759
Speaker 1: professional rifles and cherry picking the evidence that made them

878
00:46:38,760 --> 00:46:42,920
Speaker 1: look bad to an uneducated mass. Another made yeah, well

879
00:46:43,400 --> 00:46:47,640
Speaker 1: smart not not a bad strategy. Another major anti vaccine

880
00:46:47,640 --> 00:46:51,320
Speaker 1: advocate was Dr J. W. Hodge, a homeopath in Niagara Falls,

881
00:46:51,480 --> 00:46:54,200
Speaker 1: and one speech in nineteen o two, he stated, compulsory

882
00:46:54,239 --> 00:46:57,440
Speaker 1: vaccination ranks with human slavery and religious persecution is one

883
00:46:57,480 --> 00:46:59,600
Speaker 1: of the most flagrant outrages upon the rights of the

884
00:46:59,640 --> 00:47:03,360
Speaker 1: human race. So these physicians and laymen and lame women

885
00:47:03,400 --> 00:47:06,200
Speaker 1: anti vactor's blanketed the nation and pamphlets and books outlining

886
00:47:06,239 --> 00:47:09,920
Speaker 1: their case against vaccination. According to the book Pox Quote,

887
00:47:10,400 --> 00:47:13,959
Speaker 1: violent imagery pervaded the anti vaccination texts. The frontist piece

888
00:47:14,000 --> 00:47:16,480
Speaker 1: of Climber's book pictured a police officer armed with a

889
00:47:16,480 --> 00:47:19,200
Speaker 1: copy of the vaccination law seizing a baby from its

890
00:47:19,200 --> 00:47:22,200
Speaker 1: mother's lap while the angel of death waited with open arms.

891
00:47:22,560 --> 00:47:25,320
Speaker 1: Laura Little found material enough in the public record quote.

892
00:47:25,480 --> 00:47:27,759
Speaker 1: It is for this hellish work that churches, theaters, and

893
00:47:27,800 --> 00:47:30,280
Speaker 1: business blocks and whole neighborhoods have been rated, she wrote.

894
00:47:30,520 --> 00:47:34,320
Speaker 1: Ocean liners populations cow poxed, a shipload of Negro laborers,

895
00:47:34,360 --> 00:47:37,160
Speaker 1: driven off the vessel with clubs at Panama and poisoned

896
00:47:37,160 --> 00:47:39,840
Speaker 1: in spite of resistance. Arrests have been made, in innocent

897
00:47:39,840 --> 00:47:42,480
Speaker 1: persons cast into jail and they're jabbed with the virus.

898
00:47:42,719 --> 00:47:45,560
Speaker 1: And most atrocious of all, the annual army of babies

899
00:47:45,600 --> 00:47:48,359
Speaker 1: graduating from nursery into school are required to bear their

900
00:47:48,360 --> 00:47:51,880
Speaker 1: little arms and receive this injection of disease from middle

901
00:47:51,880 --> 00:47:55,400
Speaker 1: class anti vaccinationists. The plight of the working class vaccine refusers,

902
00:47:55,440 --> 00:47:58,759
Speaker 1: pinioned by police officers and vaccinated revealed the tyranny and

903
00:47:58,840 --> 00:48:01,920
Speaker 1: despotism of the entire system of state medicine. If this

904
00:48:01,960 --> 00:48:03,920
Speaker 1: can be done and upheld by the legal machinery of

905
00:48:03,920 --> 00:48:06,840
Speaker 1: the state, what next have we do, expect, asked climber.

906
00:48:07,080 --> 00:48:09,799
Speaker 1: Why not chase people and circumcise them. It surely would

907
00:48:09,800 --> 00:48:12,319
Speaker 1: be a good preventative against certain kinds of disease. Why

908
00:48:12,360 --> 00:48:14,960
Speaker 1: not catch the people and give each a compulsory bath.

909
00:48:15,800 --> 00:48:17,560
Speaker 1: So again, this is not even when the cooks are

910
00:48:17,560 --> 00:48:19,800
Speaker 1: bringing up this is not These are some real questions

911
00:48:19,840 --> 00:48:21,600
Speaker 1: to ask. That's the first time in society a dealt

912
00:48:21,600 --> 00:48:25,880
Speaker 1: with this like what it is a valid question, and

913
00:48:25,960 --> 00:48:30,600
Speaker 1: I I see how compulsory vaccination in its form spurred

914
00:48:30,640 --> 00:48:34,480
Speaker 1: that question individual rights. It did. Now, the anti vaccine

915
00:48:34,520 --> 00:48:37,040
Speaker 1: movement saw an enormous success for a time. By the

916
00:48:37,120 --> 00:48:39,359
Speaker 1: early nineteen hundreds, the US was known as the least

917
00:48:39,440 --> 00:48:44,239
Speaker 1: vaccinated of any quote civilized country means the white country.

918
00:48:44,560 --> 00:48:47,920
Speaker 1: And however high minded their arguments, lack of vaccination was

919
00:48:48,000 --> 00:48:50,319
Speaker 1: just as likely to cause deadly outbreaks then as it

920
00:48:50,360 --> 00:48:53,680
Speaker 1: is now. In March of nineteen hundred, the town of Jonesville, Mississippi,

921
00:48:53,680 --> 00:48:57,040
Speaker 1: was hit by an especially brutal variant of the smallpox virus.

922
00:48:57,120 --> 00:49:00,040
Speaker 1: Seventy of the people who caught this box died from it,

923
00:49:00,320 --> 00:49:02,680
Speaker 1: and since vaccination rates were so low in Jonesville, it

924
00:49:02,680 --> 00:49:04,759
Speaker 1: was not uncommon for whole families to be wiped out,

925
00:49:04,840 --> 00:49:08,759
Speaker 1: just found dead in their homes, entire family lines. So

926
00:49:08,760 --> 00:49:11,560
Speaker 1: this again, most of what's hitting in this period is

927
00:49:11,560 --> 00:49:13,719
Speaker 1: the less deadly version of smallpox, but every now and

928
00:49:13,719 --> 00:49:16,319
Speaker 1: then you have one of these murder variants creep up.

929
00:49:16,320 --> 00:49:19,040
Speaker 1: Which is why it's so important to vaccinate people. Yeah,

930
00:49:19,160 --> 00:49:21,120
Speaker 1: and this is why the doctors who are burning down

931
00:49:21,200 --> 00:49:23,280
Speaker 1: houses are like, no, I really need to be burning

932
00:49:23,280 --> 00:49:25,759
Speaker 1: down houses and like forcing people at gunpoint to do this.

933
00:49:25,920 --> 00:49:29,040
Speaker 1: That's interesting. It seems like there is this push and

934
00:49:29,120 --> 00:49:32,080
Speaker 1: pull at least up until this point of like once

935
00:49:32,160 --> 00:49:35,719
Speaker 1: people start to forget how deadly the virus is, yeah,

936
00:49:36,000 --> 00:49:39,239
Speaker 1: they don't need vaccination. And that's when I think comes

937
00:49:39,280 --> 00:49:44,080
Speaker 1: back and Jonesville, Mississippi, gets wiped out. Yeah. Now Utah

938
00:49:44,120 --> 00:49:46,799
Speaker 1: and it's largely Mormon citizenry, were eager converts to the

939
00:49:46,800 --> 00:49:50,440
Speaker 1: anti vaccine cause. They also had a nightmarish smallpox outbreak

940
00:49:50,440 --> 00:49:53,200
Speaker 1: in nineteen hundred. Three thousand people caught the disease, twenty

941
00:49:53,200 --> 00:49:55,440
Speaker 1: six of them diet that was fortunately one of the

942
00:49:55,480 --> 00:49:57,880
Speaker 1: less deadly variants of it. In nineteen or three, a

943
00:49:57,880 --> 00:50:00,359
Speaker 1: group of Michigan anti vaxers led by Laura Little had

944
00:50:00,360 --> 00:50:03,080
Speaker 1: a Brexit level legislative surprise victory when they passed a

945
00:50:03,120 --> 00:50:05,160
Speaker 1: build and made it legal to compel any child to

946
00:50:05,160 --> 00:50:08,280
Speaker 1: get vaccinated or require vaccination to let a child into school.

947
00:50:08,560 --> 00:50:10,960
Speaker 1: The states doctors were outraged and succeeded in getting the

948
00:50:10,960 --> 00:50:13,440
Speaker 1: bill amended to allow them to at least force vaccinations

949
00:50:13,520 --> 00:50:16,520
Speaker 1: during an outbreak. As you'd expect, the anti vaccine victory

950
00:50:16,520 --> 00:50:19,160
Speaker 1: in Michigan was followed three years later by a nightmare

951
00:50:19,239 --> 00:50:23,400
Speaker 1: smallpox epidemic. Twenty eight thousand people got sick. WHOA, that's

952
00:50:23,600 --> 00:50:27,080
Speaker 1: so much again. I'm not going to say Laura Little

953
00:50:27,120 --> 00:50:29,240
Speaker 1: is a bad person, but she got twenty eight thousand

954
00:50:29,239 --> 00:50:33,279
Speaker 1: people sick with smallpox. Yeah, for good reason. She wasn't

955
00:50:33,280 --> 00:50:34,880
Speaker 1: a fun You get a lot of credit for me

956
00:50:34,880 --> 00:50:36,960
Speaker 1: if you're not racist in nineteen o three and you're

957
00:50:36,960 --> 00:50:41,120
Speaker 1: a white lady, like, yeah, that's not She was woke

958
00:50:41,200 --> 00:50:44,440
Speaker 1: by their standards. Yeah, she thought it was bad to

959
00:50:44,840 --> 00:50:47,879
Speaker 1: like force black people off of boats and reject them

960
00:50:47,880 --> 00:50:49,960
Speaker 1: with drugs against their will, which most people would have

961
00:50:49,960 --> 00:50:52,640
Speaker 1: been liable. They don't have a right to say no. Yeah. Yeah,

962
00:50:52,960 --> 00:50:56,080
Speaker 1: Oh gosh, this is so tangled about. It's really tangled

963
00:50:56,160 --> 00:51:00,799
Speaker 1: up anti vaccine advocates. Whereas you might expect pretty likely

964
00:51:00,840 --> 00:51:03,680
Speaker 1: to die of smallpox, putting him j Ramsdell of Cambridge,

965
00:51:03,680 --> 00:51:07,080
Speaker 1: Massachusetts was a prominent Christian scientist and anti vaxer. When

966
00:51:07,120 --> 00:51:08,919
Speaker 1: he died in nineteen o two, the New York Times

967
00:51:08,920 --> 00:51:12,799
Speaker 1: reported that he had quote died of the disease. He defied, Wow,

968
00:51:12,840 --> 00:51:16,759
Speaker 1: I love that. Here's pox in Charlotte, North Carolina. Five

969
00:51:16,840 --> 00:51:19,239
Speaker 1: vaccine refusers died of the disease later that year. In

970
00:51:19,320 --> 00:51:22,239
Speaker 1: June three, on the very same day that the Minnesota

971
00:51:22,320 --> 00:51:25,680
Speaker 1: legislature enacted the anti compulsion VAX law he had championed,

972
00:51:25,800 --> 00:51:29,120
Speaker 1: the Minneapolis anti vaccination ist Charles Stevens died of smallpox

973
00:51:29,160 --> 00:51:31,719
Speaker 1: at his home. These people are often like dying while

974
00:51:31,719 --> 00:51:34,720
Speaker 1: they're advocating against the vaccine. This is like when people

975
00:51:34,719 --> 00:51:40,000
Speaker 1: are against public funded healthcare. Yeah, it's like, yeah, just

976
00:51:40,080 --> 00:51:43,600
Speaker 1: wait till you get canceled. Just wait till you can yeah,

977
00:51:43,880 --> 00:51:47,840
Speaker 1: or wait till your fucking barista spreads a deadly disease

978
00:51:47,880 --> 00:51:49,839
Speaker 1: to you because they couldn't afford to take the day

979
00:51:49,840 --> 00:51:56,680
Speaker 1: off of work because they don't get sick. Yeah it's coming, okay.

980
00:51:57,000 --> 00:51:58,920
Speaker 1: So the most interesting side of this to me is

981
00:51:58,960 --> 00:52:00,520
Speaker 1: the sort of conflict betwe in all these pro and

982
00:52:00,560 --> 00:52:03,120
Speaker 1: anti vaccine doctors. This battle came to a head in

983
00:52:03,160 --> 00:52:05,720
Speaker 1: the story of doctor Samuel Durkin. He was a lecturer

984
00:52:05,719 --> 00:52:07,919
Speaker 1: at Harvard and chairman of the Boston Board of Health.

985
00:52:08,000 --> 00:52:11,239
Speaker 1: He was a real doctor. Now, Massachusetts was at this

986
00:52:11,320 --> 00:52:14,880
Speaker 1: time going through its worst smallpox outbreak in generations, and Durgan,

987
00:52:14,960 --> 00:52:16,640
Speaker 1: as a young man, had lived in an outbreak that

988
00:52:16,680 --> 00:52:18,640
Speaker 1: had killed like a thousand people, so he was like,

989
00:52:18,840 --> 00:52:22,080
Speaker 1: hated smallpox. Okay, well, I mean that seems like it's

990
00:52:22,160 --> 00:52:25,600
Speaker 1: what it takes. Yeah, it's hundreds of people died. YEA

991
00:52:26,880 --> 00:52:29,520
Speaker 1: one causal factor was that in eighteen ninety four, anti

992
00:52:29,600 --> 00:52:32,160
Speaker 1: vaccine advocates that secured their equivalent to the conscience and

993
00:52:32,200 --> 00:52:34,879
Speaker 1: Subject or exemption, allowing parents to secure a doctor's note

994
00:52:34,920 --> 00:52:37,799
Speaker 1: saying their child was unfit for vaccination. Since there were

995
00:52:37,800 --> 00:52:40,319
Speaker 1: plenty of anti VAXX doctors, any parent could find a

996
00:52:40,320 --> 00:52:43,640
Speaker 1: physician willing to exempt their kid. So, while this epidemic

997
00:52:43,680 --> 00:52:46,520
Speaker 1: was infecting hundreds of people and spreading into Boston, a

998
00:52:46,520 --> 00:52:49,600
Speaker 1: newsletter started going around town advising parents to exempt their

999
00:52:49,640 --> 00:52:53,280
Speaker 1: children from vaccination, stating quote, there are hundreds of physicians

1000
00:52:53,320 --> 00:52:55,680
Speaker 1: in Massachusetts who are well aware of the uselessness and

1001
00:52:55,719 --> 00:52:59,200
Speaker 1: evil effects of vaccination. When The Boston Globe reached out

1002
00:52:59,200 --> 00:53:02,680
Speaker 1: to Dr Durgan about this newsletter, he issued a challenge, quote,

1003
00:53:03,040 --> 00:53:05,239
Speaker 1: if there are among the adult and leading members of

1004
00:53:05,239 --> 00:53:08,399
Speaker 1: the anti vaccinationists who would like an opportunity to show

1005
00:53:08,400 --> 00:53:10,919
Speaker 1: the people their sincerity and what they profess. I will

1006
00:53:10,920 --> 00:53:13,640
Speaker 1: make arrangements by which that belief may be tested. In

1007
00:53:13,680 --> 00:53:16,360
Speaker 1: the effect of such an exhibition of faith by exposer

1008
00:53:16,400 --> 00:53:19,799
Speaker 1: to smallpox without vaccination be made clear. So he's like,

1009
00:53:20,480 --> 00:53:22,719
Speaker 1: come at me, anti vax doctors, Well, we'll take you

1010
00:53:22,760 --> 00:53:25,760
Speaker 1: to a smallpox ward and like, see if your methods

1011
00:53:25,760 --> 00:53:29,040
Speaker 1: of avoiding smallpox work better than well their method is,

1012
00:53:29,719 --> 00:53:31,880
Speaker 1: I'll never go there. Well no, I mean their method

1013
00:53:31,920 --> 00:53:33,759
Speaker 1: They had all these kookie things about like no, no,

1014
00:53:33,880 --> 00:53:36,680
Speaker 1: you just gotta exercise and the vegetables and stuff like.

1015
00:53:37,920 --> 00:53:42,200
Speaker 1: The doctors aren't like people like people like Laura Little

1016
00:53:42,239 --> 00:53:45,760
Speaker 1: are ideologically being like this, it's wrong to force vaccines.

1017
00:53:45,800 --> 00:53:47,799
Speaker 1: A lot of these doctors are being like no, no, no,

1018
00:53:47,920 --> 00:53:51,040
Speaker 1: homeopathy will keep you safe. Right, listen to me. My

1019
00:53:51,120 --> 00:53:54,799
Speaker 1: profession is my professions right. So Dark and straight up

1020
00:53:54,840 --> 00:53:57,759
Speaker 1: hated the anti vaccine movement, and he particularly reviled the

1021
00:53:57,760 --> 00:54:00,359
Speaker 1: men who called themselves doctors. Among that crowd, he called

1022
00:54:00,400 --> 00:54:03,239
Speaker 1: anti vaxers quote a class of men whose minds are

1023
00:54:03,280 --> 00:54:06,040
Speaker 1: so curiously constituted that they will select for study the

1024
00:54:06,080 --> 00:54:08,680
Speaker 1: nether side of the social fabric, the weakness of the

1025
00:54:08,719 --> 00:54:11,120
Speaker 1: best of governments, and the minor defects in the character

1026
00:54:11,200 --> 00:54:15,080
Speaker 1: of the world's heroes. Emmanuel Phifer was one of these doctors.

1027
00:54:15,200 --> 00:54:17,400
Speaker 1: He was a major advocate of Kouk medicine as well

1028
00:54:17,440 --> 00:54:19,960
Speaker 1: as an anti vaxer. Back in April of that year,

1029
00:54:20,000 --> 00:54:22,440
Speaker 1: he'd argued in court that the state should not interfere

1030
00:54:22,480 --> 00:54:27,600
Speaker 1: with quote any cosmopath, clairvoyant, hypnotist, magnetic healer, mind curist,

1031
00:54:27,760 --> 00:54:33,400
Speaker 1: messur osteopath, or Christian scientist. Phifer was yeah, shots fired,

1032
00:54:33,719 --> 00:54:36,560
Speaker 1: don't know what a cosmopath is, but real excited about

1033
00:54:36,560 --> 00:54:40,080
Speaker 1: that word. Someone who believes your diseases come from the

1034
00:54:40,200 --> 00:54:43,120
Speaker 1: stars and the that's what we're going to choose to

1035
00:54:43,160 --> 00:54:47,319
Speaker 1: go with. Yeah. Now. Phifer was a registered physician who

1036
00:54:47,320 --> 00:54:49,960
Speaker 1: believed he could here quote all kinds of chronic diseases

1037
00:54:50,000 --> 00:54:53,960
Speaker 1: just by simple laying on of hands. He was what

1038
00:54:54,640 --> 00:54:56,640
Speaker 1: he was, a health nut and believe that good diet,

1039
00:54:56,640 --> 00:54:59,200
Speaker 1: proper exercise, and moral behavior were enough to protect you

1040
00:54:59,239 --> 00:55:02,080
Speaker 1: from a disease like smallpox. In nineteen o two, he

1041
00:55:02,160 --> 00:55:04,400
Speaker 1: took Dr Durgan up on his offer and went to

1042
00:55:04,520 --> 00:55:07,920
Speaker 1: visit the Smallpox Board on Gallops Island. Less than two

1043
00:55:07,960 --> 00:55:12,120
Speaker 1: weeks later, Dr Phifer disappeared. Suddenly, this very public man

1044
00:55:12,360 --> 00:55:14,759
Speaker 1: who had abandoned his practice and dropped off the face

1045
00:55:14,760 --> 00:55:17,640
Speaker 1: of the earth. Dr Durgan launched a five day man

1046
00:55:17,760 --> 00:55:19,840
Speaker 1: hunt to find him, which eventually revealed that he had

1047
00:55:19,840 --> 00:55:23,000
Speaker 1: gotten tremendously ill from smallpox and was dying in a farmhouse.

1048
00:55:23,400 --> 00:55:26,560
Speaker 1: So what happened after this is what I'm gonna tell you.

1049
00:55:27,000 --> 00:55:28,880
Speaker 1: When they found him, the Board of Health announced that

1050
00:55:28,920 --> 00:55:33,600
Speaker 1: he probably would not survive. Here's pox quote. How many

1051
00:55:33,640 --> 00:55:36,160
Speaker 1: had been exposed to smallpox in these days. Between Fifer's

1052
00:55:36,160 --> 00:55:38,200
Speaker 1: disappearance and the arrival of the health officials at his

1053
00:55:38,239 --> 00:55:41,399
Speaker 1: Bedford bedside, no one knew. Bedford officials placed the Fifer

1054
00:55:41,480 --> 00:55:44,839
Speaker 1: farm under quarantine, ordering all on the premises vaccinated. Learning

1055
00:55:44,880 --> 00:55:47,360
Speaker 1: that Fiffer's two daughters had been to school since his arrival,

1056
00:55:47,400 --> 00:55:50,200
Speaker 1: officials ordered all the town's pupils to get vaccinated or

1057
00:55:50,239 --> 00:55:53,319
Speaker 1: stay home. Boston authorities tracked down two carriages in which

1058
00:55:53,360 --> 00:55:56,240
Speaker 1: Fifer had traveled and disinfected them. All of the residents

1059
00:55:56,239 --> 00:55:59,680
Speaker 1: of the Charlestown apartment house were vaccinated, to everyone's surprise,

1060
00:55:59,680 --> 00:56:03,080
Speaker 1: except perhaps his own. Emmanuel Phifer's famous constitution pulled him

1061
00:56:03,080 --> 00:56:04,840
Speaker 1: back from the brink of death, and he began his

1062
00:56:04,920 --> 00:56:07,439
Speaker 1: long recovery. The race for the moral high ground began.

1063
00:56:07,480 --> 00:56:10,359
Speaker 1: Even before his survival was assured. Durgan announced that several

1064
00:56:10,400 --> 00:56:13,239
Speaker 1: other physicians had visited Gallops Island that season, and, having

1065
00:56:13,280 --> 00:56:16,520
Speaker 1: previously been vaccinated, none came down with smallpox. Now a

1066
00:56:16,520 --> 00:56:19,279
Speaker 1: lot of people attacked Durgan after this, and we're like, dude,

1067
00:56:19,680 --> 00:56:21,920
Speaker 1: you just gave a guy smallpox and he went wandering

1068
00:56:21,920 --> 00:56:24,160
Speaker 1: around the world and infected a bunch of people. That's

1069
00:56:24,200 --> 00:56:26,440
Speaker 1: not good medicine. Which is a fair point. That's a

1070
00:56:26,440 --> 00:56:31,760
Speaker 1: fair point. But I can see both sides latching onto

1071
00:56:31,840 --> 00:56:34,480
Speaker 1: a different read of what happened, and they sure as

1072
00:56:34,520 --> 00:56:38,640
Speaker 1: ship did. Dr Phifer's anti vaccine sentiments did not change,

1073
00:56:39,200 --> 00:56:41,360
Speaker 1: and in fact, he used this the fact that he

1074
00:56:41,400 --> 00:56:43,400
Speaker 1: had survived, as proof that he was right all along,

1075
00:56:43,440 --> 00:56:47,560
Speaker 1: even though he got horribly ill and very nearly died. Uh,

1076
00:56:47,680 --> 00:56:51,839
Speaker 1: nobody changes their minds based on evidence, Anna, No, that's true. Yeah,

1077
00:56:51,880 --> 00:56:54,280
Speaker 1: but the United States at least drifted further and further

1078
00:56:54,320 --> 00:56:57,040
Speaker 1: away from supporting quack medicine after this point. Roughly a

1079
00:56:57,120 --> 00:57:00,080
Speaker 1: year after this, another Massachusetts man, Pastor Jacobson, would be

1080
00:57:00,160 --> 00:57:03,040
Speaker 1: charged with refusing a mandatory vaccine during an outbreak. He

1081
00:57:03,120 --> 00:57:05,319
Speaker 1: was taken to court, convicted, and found guilty of the

1082
00:57:05,360 --> 00:57:08,880
Speaker 1: crime of refusing vaccination. Jacobson appealed in this case eventually

1083
00:57:08,920 --> 00:57:10,799
Speaker 1: made its way up to the Supreme Court. When they

1084
00:57:10,880 --> 00:57:14,040
Speaker 1: ruled on Jacobson v. Massachusetts in nineteen o five, the

1085
00:57:14,080 --> 00:57:16,600
Speaker 1: ability of the government to compel vaccinations, even with the

1086
00:57:16,680 --> 00:57:19,240
Speaker 1: use of police force was uppelled. This decision, along with

1087
00:57:19,320 --> 00:57:21,640
Speaker 1: the fact that vaccines grew more effective and less terrible

1088
00:57:21,960 --> 00:57:24,360
Speaker 1: over the next few decades, lead to the gradual extinction

1089
00:57:24,360 --> 00:57:28,520
Speaker 1: of the American anti vax movement, at least for a while. Now.

1090
00:57:28,920 --> 00:57:32,439
Speaker 1: There's a really fucked up code to this, because when

1091
00:57:32,640 --> 00:57:35,680
Speaker 1: eugenics became a thing, which starts right after this point

1092
00:57:36,080 --> 00:57:38,800
Speaker 1: nineteen teens and twenties, is when the American eugenics movement

1093
00:57:38,840 --> 00:57:41,480
Speaker 1: starts sterilizing tens of thousand people. And when I guess

1094
00:57:41,560 --> 00:57:45,760
Speaker 1: what their main legal cited precedent is compulsory compulsory vaccination.

1095
00:57:46,360 --> 00:57:49,320
Speaker 1: If we can vaccinate people to stop the spread of sickness,

1096
00:57:49,400 --> 00:57:52,120
Speaker 1: why can't we sterilize people to stop the spread of sickness?

1097
00:57:53,400 --> 00:58:00,160
Speaker 1: So again all of this is tangled up so as

1098
00:58:00,280 --> 00:58:04,680
Speaker 1: compulsory anything is like you're on a slippery slope and

1099
00:58:04,760 --> 00:58:07,959
Speaker 1: you don't always a slippery slope does not always mean things.

1100
00:58:07,960 --> 00:58:10,880
Speaker 1: Because we have compulsory vaccination today and we don't sterilize

1101
00:58:10,880 --> 00:58:13,720
Speaker 1: people for no good reasons today it does. It's just

1102
00:58:13,760 --> 00:58:16,440
Speaker 1: like how you know, but you can opt out today

1103
00:58:16,480 --> 00:58:19,320
Speaker 1: also some places some places you can't, and that that

1104
00:58:19,400 --> 00:58:21,440
Speaker 1: may be changing with with all the out breaks that

1105
00:58:21,440 --> 00:58:23,080
Speaker 1: have happened. It's sort of like how um when you

1106
00:58:23,160 --> 00:58:26,240
Speaker 1: Listee Simpson grant past the Anti KKK Act that like

1107
00:58:26,320 --> 00:58:30,040
Speaker 1: allowed the government to arrest people for essentially what were

1108
00:58:30,040 --> 00:58:33,600
Speaker 1: their political opinions. It could have gone on a slippery

1109
00:58:33,600 --> 00:58:36,400
Speaker 1: slope and like led to an authoritarian regime, but instead

1110
00:58:36,400 --> 00:58:38,160
Speaker 1: of just led to a bunch of clansmen getting jailed.

1111
00:58:38,200 --> 00:58:40,920
Speaker 1: So fine, we don't always go down the slippery slope.

1112
00:58:40,960 --> 00:58:42,680
Speaker 1: Sometimes you just have to be very careful with the

1113
00:58:42,720 --> 00:58:48,000
Speaker 1: actions you're taking. Measured, measured, and uh yeah, So that

1114
00:58:48,080 --> 00:58:52,960
Speaker 1: was a morally complicated and confusing episode. Next episode, which

1115
00:58:52,960 --> 00:58:54,560
Speaker 1: will be running tomorrow for you, we're going to talk

1116
00:58:54,560 --> 00:58:56,720
Speaker 1: about something that's not morally confusing, and we will be

1117
00:58:56,720 --> 00:59:00,640
Speaker 1: talking about a real bastard, a guy named Andrew Wakefield

1118
00:59:01,480 --> 00:59:04,440
Speaker 1: looking forward to getting a little bit less ambiguity. Yeah,

1119
00:59:04,720 --> 00:59:07,280
Speaker 1: I didn't know which side to take. There's no side

1120
00:59:07,320 --> 00:59:09,360
Speaker 1: to take. It's just an important story. If you're gonna

1121
00:59:09,680 --> 00:59:13,320
Speaker 1: we're really getting behind the bastards here, Yes, truly, this

1122
00:59:13,400 --> 00:59:16,080
Speaker 1: is the behind the behind. Yeah, this was really far behind.

1123
00:59:16,600 --> 00:59:19,200
Speaker 1: Tomorrow next episode we'll just be talking about a bastard.

1124
00:59:19,280 --> 00:59:21,800
Speaker 1: So yeah, all right, that's the episode. What do I

1125
00:59:21,800 --> 00:59:24,320
Speaker 1: do at the end of an evo? Oh god, oh god, panic, panic,

1126
00:59:24,360 --> 00:59:28,560
Speaker 1: panic and plugables. You can check my web comic out

1127
00:59:28,720 --> 00:59:31,640
Speaker 1: on Instagram. It's bad Comics with an X. Buy on

1128
00:59:31,800 --> 00:59:35,280
Speaker 1: a two ends and that's also my handle on Twitter.

1129
00:59:36,160 --> 00:59:40,400
Speaker 1: Followed me on the social media's and uh, if you

1130
00:59:41,120 --> 00:59:46,040
Speaker 1: have a interpretation of that coming tune that we saw

1131
00:59:46,080 --> 00:59:49,640
Speaker 1: and described, uh, tell us about it. Yeah, please do.

1132
00:59:49,760 --> 00:59:52,840
Speaker 1: It'll be up on our website, Behind the Bastards dot com.

1133
00:59:52,880 --> 00:59:55,360
Speaker 1: You can find us on social media and uh, you

1134
00:59:55,400 --> 00:59:57,640
Speaker 1: know Twitter. In the Graham at at Bastards pot the

1135
00:59:57,680 --> 00:59:59,160
Speaker 1: kids call it the Graham And I didn't know if

1136
00:59:59,160 --> 01:00:03,200
Speaker 1: here I didn't pick at whoa that's even faster? Yeah,

1137
01:00:03,760 --> 01:00:06,960
Speaker 1: what about just g oh find us on the g

1138
01:00:07,120 --> 01:00:10,480
Speaker 1: at at Bastards pod. You can find me on Twitter

1139
01:00:10,560 --> 01:00:13,360
Speaker 1: at I right, okay, and nowhere else because Instagram frightens

1140
01:00:13,360 --> 01:00:18,280
Speaker 1: and confuses me. No, I see your comics on your Twitter.

1141
01:00:18,800 --> 01:00:23,320
Speaker 1: I occasionally post on you tweet some comics. Um, you

1142
01:00:23,400 --> 01:00:27,280
Speaker 1: can also buy a shirt. Uh. You can buy cups,

1143
01:00:27,360 --> 01:00:31,360
Speaker 1: you can buy stickers. You can buy smallpox vaccines from

1144
01:00:31,680 --> 01:00:34,120
Speaker 1: behind the Bastard shop on t public dot com. They're

1145
01:00:34,160 --> 01:00:37,600
Speaker 1: less vaccines and more smallpox infected T shirts, but they

1146
01:00:37,680 --> 01:00:41,200
Speaker 1: work probably the same way. Um, I probably shouldn't say

1147
01:00:41,200 --> 01:00:46,520
Speaker 1: that our shirts have smallpox. Well just delete this part. No,

1148
01:00:46,760 --> 01:00:50,440
Speaker 1: you can't edit audio. Anna, Oh this is going in

1149
01:00:50,680 --> 01:00:53,920
Speaker 1: but I already ordered six T shirts. Well, just make

1150
01:00:53,960 --> 01:00:55,320
Speaker 1: sure you give them to people who spend a lot

1151
01:00:55,320 --> 01:00:57,880
Speaker 1: of time around cows. They'll probably be fine. Yeah, milk

1152
01:00:57,960 --> 01:01:01,640
Speaker 1: means milkmaids. All right, that's the end of the show.

1153
01:01:01,960 --> 01:01:08,520
Speaker 1: Go home, do something else. I love you, goodbye. H

1154
01:01:11,080 --> 01:01:11,880
Speaker 1: m hm