1 00:00:00,280 --> 00:00:02,840 Speaker 1: Brought to you by the reinvented two thousand twelve camera. 2 00:00:03,160 --> 00:00:07,560 Speaker 1: It's ready. Are you welcome to Stuff you Should Know 3 00:00:08,160 --> 00:00:16,320 Speaker 1: from house Stuff Works dot Com? Hey, and welcome to 4 00:00:16,360 --> 00:00:20,120 Speaker 1: the podcast. I'm Josh Clark. There's Charles W. Chuck Bryant 5 00:00:20,280 --> 00:00:24,319 Speaker 1: that makes this stuff you should know? The podcast. How's 6 00:00:24,320 --> 00:00:31,560 Speaker 1: it going? Man? Podcast intro Version Version one? Okay, point one? 7 00:00:32,000 --> 00:00:35,760 Speaker 1: How you doing? I'm well, sir, and you're enjoying I 8 00:00:35,760 --> 00:00:37,880 Speaker 1: guess we can't say a whole lot of beverage not anymore. 9 00:00:38,040 --> 00:00:40,880 Speaker 1: Remember we used to just blatantly say stuff, you're enjoying 10 00:00:40,880 --> 00:00:46,400 Speaker 1: a sparkling water. I can say that out of a can. Yep, frenchie, Yeah, 11 00:00:46,520 --> 00:00:49,640 Speaker 1: it's good stuff. Yeah. Why are we just determined to 12 00:00:49,720 --> 00:00:52,320 Speaker 1: push it to the envelope? I don't know saying in 13 00:00:52,400 --> 00:01:02,080 Speaker 1: Brandon it uh it rhymes with the boy? Uh so Chuck? Yeah, 14 00:01:02,320 --> 00:01:06,360 Speaker 1: you know, I was a smoker for a while. Yeah, 15 00:01:06,440 --> 00:01:09,600 Speaker 1: and uh, one could make a pretty good argument that 16 00:01:09,800 --> 00:01:14,000 Speaker 1: I started out at an unreasonably young aide. No, you 17 00:01:14,040 --> 00:01:18,160 Speaker 1: weren't young. I was young. You weren't young. No, I 18 00:01:18,240 --> 00:01:20,240 Speaker 1: was young. How old were you? Let me paint you 19 00:01:20,280 --> 00:01:23,840 Speaker 1: a picture? Okay, so first time I tried a cigarette. 20 00:01:23,840 --> 00:01:26,759 Speaker 1: It's in the mall. I'm young enough so that the 21 00:01:26,760 --> 00:01:30,679 Speaker 1: the guy who owns the pub in the mall that 22 00:01:30,760 --> 00:01:33,080 Speaker 1: has the cigarette machine that I'm buying cigarettes from, it 23 00:01:33,120 --> 00:01:34,680 Speaker 1: comes out and it's like, well, you could do it. 24 00:01:35,160 --> 00:01:37,760 Speaker 1: But we made off with our cigarettes and smoked one, 25 00:01:37,760 --> 00:01:41,640 Speaker 1: and like the mall started spinning and everything was just crazy, right, 26 00:01:42,280 --> 00:01:44,480 Speaker 1: you could smoke in the mall. Yeah, it was a 27 00:01:44,480 --> 00:01:47,880 Speaker 1: while ago. Um, that was the first time. The second 28 00:01:47,920 --> 00:01:53,880 Speaker 1: time was a few months later eighth grade, and um, 29 00:01:54,120 --> 00:01:56,120 Speaker 1: my friends and I all decided that it was high 30 00:01:56,120 --> 00:01:59,280 Speaker 1: time we started smoking. So we pull all of our 31 00:01:59,320 --> 00:02:02,760 Speaker 1: mind together and ended up with enough. We figured for 32 00:02:02,920 --> 00:02:06,480 Speaker 1: ten packs of cigarettes, so everybody gave me the money. 33 00:02:06,560 --> 00:02:09,160 Speaker 1: I got on my bike and rode to the gas station. 34 00:02:10,200 --> 00:02:12,600 Speaker 1: Rode up on my bike. Like the cashier saw me, 35 00:02:12,919 --> 00:02:16,639 Speaker 1: this kid who's thirteen right up on his bike. No. Fourteen, 36 00:02:16,720 --> 00:02:20,320 Speaker 1: just turned put his bike down and walk in and go, 37 00:02:20,720 --> 00:02:25,120 Speaker 1: I want ten packs of cigarettes. Brands exactly. I bought 38 00:02:25,200 --> 00:02:29,040 Speaker 1: like Cools, I bought Marlbro's, I bought Kent's draws like 39 00:02:29,120 --> 00:02:32,520 Speaker 1: anything else. I like that. And I remember the cash 40 00:02:32,560 --> 00:02:35,280 Speaker 1: here just like okay, here you go. Kidding and sent 41 00:02:35,400 --> 00:02:38,160 Speaker 1: me off with a bag of ten packs of cigarettes 42 00:02:38,560 --> 00:02:41,040 Speaker 1: dangling from the handlebars of my bike. It's probably like 43 00:02:41,040 --> 00:02:43,519 Speaker 1: ten bucks too. It was about ten bucks back in 44 00:02:43,560 --> 00:02:45,640 Speaker 1: the day. And we get back, I get back to 45 00:02:45,680 --> 00:02:48,919 Speaker 1: the woods, everybody's like, oh my god, we just started smoking, 46 00:02:49,120 --> 00:02:52,240 Speaker 1: and like right off the bat, I started smoking tons 47 00:02:52,280 --> 00:02:56,600 Speaker 1: of cigarettes. Yeah, And I turned green, got sick, and 48 00:02:56,680 --> 00:03:00,760 Speaker 1: still was like I like this a lot and smoked 49 00:03:00,800 --> 00:03:07,440 Speaker 1: for twenty years and chuck. Today is April, and how 50 00:03:07,440 --> 00:03:09,679 Speaker 1: many days are there in April, thirty or thirty one. 51 00:03:09,800 --> 00:03:12,239 Speaker 1: I'm gonna guess thirty one. I'm gonna go with thirty 52 00:03:12,240 --> 00:03:15,600 Speaker 1: one too, and I'm going to say no, thirty In 53 00:03:15,720 --> 00:03:18,040 Speaker 1: three days, I may first it will be one year 54 00:03:18,080 --> 00:03:23,440 Speaker 1: since i've really, wow a long time kicked it. Congratulations, 55 00:03:23,480 --> 00:03:25,880 Speaker 1: I smoked too. You'd probably never even shared that with 56 00:03:25,919 --> 00:03:28,280 Speaker 1: You had no idea that you smoked. Yeah. I smoked 57 00:03:28,280 --> 00:03:31,280 Speaker 1: in college like everyone does here and there when I 58 00:03:31,360 --> 00:03:37,840 Speaker 1: hands Yeah, but it wasn't ever anything that got its uh. 59 00:03:38,160 --> 00:03:40,280 Speaker 1: Nicotine never took a hold of meat to where I 60 00:03:40,320 --> 00:03:42,640 Speaker 1: needed a cigarette. It was always very much a social thing. 61 00:03:43,080 --> 00:03:44,760 Speaker 1: And then when I traveled around Europe, of course I 62 00:03:44,840 --> 00:03:47,280 Speaker 1: rolled my own cigarettes and thought it was just super cool. Yeah, 63 00:03:47,360 --> 00:03:49,080 Speaker 1: but you know what, kids, I was not cool. I 64 00:03:49,080 --> 00:03:51,320 Speaker 1: was dumb. No, I want to I want to add 65 00:03:51,360 --> 00:03:55,640 Speaker 1: that to there was absolutely nothing cool about what I did. 66 00:03:56,040 --> 00:03:59,920 Speaker 1: There's nothing adventurous. And many, many, many times over the 67 00:04:00,040 --> 00:04:03,560 Speaker 1: course of my life, I cursed myself. I cursed that 68 00:04:03,640 --> 00:04:07,240 Speaker 1: cashier and then cursed my bike for allowing me to 69 00:04:07,280 --> 00:04:09,760 Speaker 1: make one of the worst decisions of my entire life 70 00:04:09,920 --> 00:04:13,080 Speaker 1: that I regretted time and time and time again. You 71 00:04:13,120 --> 00:04:15,560 Speaker 1: cursed Abraham Lincoln because he was on the two five 72 00:04:15,600 --> 00:04:18,520 Speaker 1: dollar bills that you have to pay for it now, 73 00:04:18,560 --> 00:04:21,520 Speaker 1: I think they're probably he was on the pennies that 74 00:04:21,560 --> 00:04:25,200 Speaker 1: we used to pay for ten packs of cigarettes. So, um, 75 00:04:25,400 --> 00:04:28,680 Speaker 1: nicotine got under my skin, chuck as it were, which 76 00:04:28,720 --> 00:04:31,360 Speaker 1: is one of a few ways it can diffuse into 77 00:04:31,360 --> 00:04:34,160 Speaker 1: the human body. Huh, that's right. Uh. Should we talk 78 00:04:34,200 --> 00:04:39,800 Speaker 1: about tobacco just for a second here, let's at the beginning. Um, 79 00:04:39,800 --> 00:04:43,240 Speaker 1: it was cultivated as early as six thousand BC. People 80 00:04:43,279 --> 00:04:48,000 Speaker 1: were chewing on or inhaling tobacco. They realize, hey, this 81 00:04:48,040 --> 00:04:50,840 Speaker 1: is pretty good. Yeah. Native Americans. I'm not sure what 82 00:04:50,880 --> 00:04:54,200 Speaker 1: tribes they used to roll um like cigars that were 83 00:04:54,200 --> 00:04:57,560 Speaker 1: several feet long, and somebody would hold it at the end, 84 00:04:57,640 --> 00:04:59,800 Speaker 1: maybe another one in the middle, and you'd walk up 85 00:04:59,839 --> 00:05:02,760 Speaker 1: in you puff on them like really hard and inhale 86 00:05:02,880 --> 00:05:05,560 Speaker 1: until you started coughing, and then from the coughing you 87 00:05:05,640 --> 00:05:09,200 Speaker 1: get light headed and supposed that you had a vision. Interesting, Well, 88 00:05:09,279 --> 00:05:11,760 Speaker 1: I do know that as early as the sixteen hundreds 89 00:05:12,400 --> 00:05:14,880 Speaker 1: people actually thought, you know what, this might be bad 90 00:05:14,960 --> 00:05:16,920 Speaker 1: for you. And I bet you there's a link here 91 00:05:17,440 --> 00:05:19,400 Speaker 1: to some of these diseases that are killing people and 92 00:05:19,480 --> 00:05:22,600 Speaker 1: the smoke that we're inhaling. Yes, and I didn't know that. 93 00:05:22,640 --> 00:05:25,120 Speaker 1: I had no idea it went back that far. I 94 00:05:25,160 --> 00:05:29,120 Speaker 1: didn't either concerns about smoking right, and and cancer. Apparently 95 00:05:29,160 --> 00:05:31,839 Speaker 1: they were aware of the cancer back then as well. Yeah, 96 00:05:32,120 --> 00:05:35,479 Speaker 1: they probably call it like spirit intrusion or something instead, 97 00:05:35,560 --> 00:05:39,159 Speaker 1: but yeah, they they knew that there was something too smoking. 98 00:05:39,200 --> 00:05:42,120 Speaker 1: They also thought it was medicinal, which, as we'll see 99 00:05:42,160 --> 00:05:45,160 Speaker 1: towards the end of this podcast, um has actually made 100 00:05:45,160 --> 00:05:49,280 Speaker 1: something of a resurgence that the medicinal properties of nicotine. 101 00:05:49,640 --> 00:05:56,880 Speaker 1: So this is nicotine go uh Nicotiana tobaccum. Yes, nicotine, 102 00:05:57,360 --> 00:06:01,720 Speaker 1: uh Nicotiana tobaccum. What did I say no. I think 103 00:06:01,720 --> 00:06:04,760 Speaker 1: that's right. Okay, I like your Latin chuck. Thank you. 104 00:06:05,320 --> 00:06:08,719 Speaker 1: It's making a big comeback these days. It is so nicotine, Josh, 105 00:06:08,880 --> 00:06:12,000 Speaker 1: is a liquid alkaloid. Yeah, it's the only one. Most 106 00:06:12,040 --> 00:06:19,479 Speaker 1: alkaloids are white solids, really clean caffeine. Okay. I saw 107 00:06:19,520 --> 00:06:22,200 Speaker 1: on a page that that nicotine is the only liquid 108 00:06:22,279 --> 00:06:24,400 Speaker 1: all right, well I believe it then. Uh. It is 109 00:06:24,400 --> 00:06:28,600 Speaker 1: an organic compound. Alkaloid is and it's made of carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, 110 00:06:28,760 --> 00:06:33,120 Speaker 1: and sometimes a little oxygen in there and sometimes why. 111 00:06:33,480 --> 00:06:36,520 Speaker 1: And nicotine makes up about five per cent of a 112 00:06:36,560 --> 00:06:41,400 Speaker 1: tobacco plant if you're talking weight. But cigarettes contain between 113 00:06:41,440 --> 00:06:45,200 Speaker 1: eight and twenty milligrams of nicotine per cigarette. But here's 114 00:06:45,200 --> 00:06:49,680 Speaker 1: an important distinction. You only ingest about one milligram of 115 00:06:49,720 --> 00:06:51,880 Speaker 1: that into your body when you smoke a cigarette. It's 116 00:06:51,920 --> 00:06:55,320 Speaker 1: absorbed you ingest more, but only about a milligrams. Good point, 117 00:06:55,920 --> 00:07:01,760 Speaker 1: um say it in Latin chuck absorbed um nicotine. So, 118 00:07:01,920 --> 00:07:04,919 Speaker 1: like I said, nicotine got under my skin, which is 119 00:07:04,960 --> 00:07:08,240 Speaker 1: one of three ways that it can be absorbed right, Yeah, 120 00:07:08,279 --> 00:07:11,440 Speaker 1: through the skin, uh, into the lungs and mucus membranes 121 00:07:11,680 --> 00:07:14,080 Speaker 1: like the landing of your nose and gums. And if 122 00:07:14,120 --> 00:07:18,120 Speaker 1: you think who would snort tobacco, that's what snuff was 123 00:07:18,200 --> 00:07:22,880 Speaker 1: and is done that too, you sniff snuff. They they 124 00:07:22,880 --> 00:07:25,520 Speaker 1: still make that stuff. They do. It's a real old 125 00:07:25,560 --> 00:07:27,400 Speaker 1: timy like I think. You can only find it at 126 00:07:27,440 --> 00:07:30,200 Speaker 1: a like the customer service counter at a Piggy Wiggly 127 00:07:30,400 --> 00:07:34,440 Speaker 1: and it's still there from the night. My grandfather's company 128 00:07:34,480 --> 00:07:39,920 Speaker 1: actually made snuff in Tennessee. Your grandfather R. J. Reynolds. No, 129 00:07:40,040 --> 00:07:43,200 Speaker 1: he didn't own the company, but he was like a 130 00:07:43,240 --> 00:07:46,680 Speaker 1: manager of the of the workers on the floor, I think, 131 00:07:47,560 --> 00:07:50,440 Speaker 1: so he exploited people. Yes, And they also made like candy, 132 00:07:50,440 --> 00:07:52,440 Speaker 1: popcorn and stuff. It was weird, one of those companies 133 00:07:52,480 --> 00:07:56,000 Speaker 1: that made all kinds of crazy things. It was not 134 00:07:56,040 --> 00:08:00,840 Speaker 1: our gameral. So. Uh, nicotine, and we're talking about how 135 00:08:00,880 --> 00:08:03,160 Speaker 1: it how it gets into your body. It's absorbed. It 136 00:08:03,160 --> 00:08:06,480 Speaker 1: moves into the blood vessels that line these tissues, straight 137 00:08:06,480 --> 00:08:09,080 Speaker 1: into the blood stream and then pretty much directly to 138 00:08:09,280 --> 00:08:13,200 Speaker 1: the brain where it does its WAMO effects. That's right, um. 139 00:08:13,200 --> 00:08:16,000 Speaker 1: Out of the ways that you can ingest nicotine into 140 00:08:16,040 --> 00:08:20,120 Speaker 1: the body, the lungs are the most efficient, right, which 141 00:08:20,160 --> 00:08:23,520 Speaker 1: is why their cigarettes the little right, exactly. The inhaling 142 00:08:23,760 --> 00:08:29,600 Speaker 1: um nicotine through smoking tobacco, UM introduces this this drug, 143 00:08:29,680 --> 00:08:33,560 Speaker 1: this alkaloid to the alveola, which are the little tiny 144 00:08:33,600 --> 00:08:37,000 Speaker 1: air sacks where gas exchange occurs. And this is the 145 00:08:37,040 --> 00:08:42,920 Speaker 1: fact of the podcast for me, the the alveola, right, 146 00:08:43,160 --> 00:08:48,360 Speaker 1: little millions of tiny little gas bags, cute little gas bags. Um. 147 00:08:48,400 --> 00:08:54,160 Speaker 1: If you combine their their surface area, the total surface area, 148 00:08:54,360 --> 00:08:57,600 Speaker 1: they have ninety times more surface area than the human skin. Wow, 149 00:08:58,120 --> 00:09:00,280 Speaker 1: and I imagine that's like an average size person. But 150 00:09:00,400 --> 00:09:03,800 Speaker 1: still it's pretty impressive. Yeah, which again is why people 151 00:09:03,800 --> 00:09:05,880 Speaker 1: smoke it. And we we're gonna say cigarettes a lot, 152 00:09:06,360 --> 00:09:10,480 Speaker 1: but obviously this includes cigars and pipe smoke in any way. 153 00:09:10,520 --> 00:09:13,240 Speaker 1: You're gonna ingest tobacco dip snuff if you're still doing 154 00:09:13,280 --> 00:09:17,840 Speaker 1: the snuff the snuff, yeah uh so, but we're gonna 155 00:09:17,840 --> 00:09:22,680 Speaker 1: say cigarettes mainly. That's fine. Okay, that's the most popular way. 156 00:09:22,720 --> 00:09:26,199 Speaker 1: I believe that's right. So Josh, we said, um, here's 157 00:09:26,240 --> 00:09:28,200 Speaker 1: here's an interesting thing too about the half life? Is 158 00:09:28,240 --> 00:09:30,720 Speaker 1: that right? Is that how half life works? It said 159 00:09:30,720 --> 00:09:33,839 Speaker 1: that nicotine has a half life of sixty minutes, so 160 00:09:33,920 --> 00:09:38,280 Speaker 1: six hours after a cigarette, that one milligram that was 161 00:09:38,320 --> 00:09:41,400 Speaker 1: in your body is now point oh three one. That 162 00:09:41,440 --> 00:09:43,400 Speaker 1: didn't seem quite right, but I guess that is I 163 00:09:44,080 --> 00:09:46,280 Speaker 1: don't know, Chuck. Well, that's what it says. So that's 164 00:09:46,280 --> 00:09:48,480 Speaker 1: what we're gonna go with. Um, but how does your 165 00:09:48,480 --> 00:09:51,000 Speaker 1: body get rid of this stuff? How does it process 166 00:09:51,040 --> 00:09:55,040 Speaker 1: it for removal? Well? Um, several ways. Of it is 167 00:09:55,080 --> 00:09:59,760 Speaker 1: broken down by your liver, right, okay, Um, some is 168 00:10:00,000 --> 00:10:04,400 Speaker 1: habitalized by your lungs too and turned into uh, codine 169 00:10:04,679 --> 00:10:07,800 Speaker 1: and nicotine oxide. Yeah and coddina look that up. It's 170 00:10:07,840 --> 00:10:12,040 Speaker 1: an alkaloid as well, and also an anagram for nicotine. Huh. 171 00:10:12,200 --> 00:10:14,400 Speaker 1: And it does pretty much the same thing as nicotine, 172 00:10:14,440 --> 00:10:18,439 Speaker 1: just at a much lower potency. And alkaloids, by the way, 173 00:10:18,559 --> 00:10:23,000 Speaker 1: tend to really mess with humans. Like of there's different 174 00:10:23,000 --> 00:10:26,160 Speaker 1: types of alkaloids, but the under the large umbrella alkaloids 175 00:10:26,200 --> 00:10:31,920 Speaker 1: you have strychnine, night shade, opium, psilocybin, hemlock or got 176 00:10:32,160 --> 00:10:36,080 Speaker 1: anything that can get you wasted or kill you is 177 00:10:36,120 --> 00:10:40,079 Speaker 1: an alkaloid basis right. Um. You can also get rid 178 00:10:40,160 --> 00:10:45,000 Speaker 1: of cotonine um through your urine. So it takes about 179 00:10:45,000 --> 00:10:47,240 Speaker 1: twenty four hours to get rid of cotonine that way, 180 00:10:47,480 --> 00:10:51,679 Speaker 1: so you can actually do a nicotine p test a 181 00:10:51,760 --> 00:10:54,240 Speaker 1: day after or within a day. You can also do 182 00:10:54,280 --> 00:10:57,120 Speaker 1: a smell test that works too, with the breath or 183 00:10:57,200 --> 00:11:00,200 Speaker 1: the clothes or the hair or whatever. Here's the fact 184 00:11:00,240 --> 00:11:03,320 Speaker 1: of the podcast for me, Josh is that, Uh, some 185 00:11:03,360 --> 00:11:06,280 Speaker 1: people have a genetic defect and the enzymes in their 186 00:11:06,280 --> 00:11:11,760 Speaker 1: liver that the mutant enzyme is less effective at metabolizing nicotine. 187 00:11:11,800 --> 00:11:16,480 Speaker 1: So some people are born able to smoke less yet 188 00:11:16,559 --> 00:11:19,880 Speaker 1: retain the feeling they get from smoking longer. There's a 189 00:11:19,920 --> 00:11:21,800 Speaker 1: time in my life when I would have called those 190 00:11:21,840 --> 00:11:26,280 Speaker 1: people lucky. Uh yeah, well, I mean, I guess if 191 00:11:26,440 --> 00:11:28,920 Speaker 1: you're gonna smoke, it's better to smoke less. But I 192 00:11:29,000 --> 00:11:32,800 Speaker 1: still wouldn't should mess with it at all. Agreed, Chuck. Agreed. 193 00:11:32,880 --> 00:11:35,160 Speaker 1: It's so good to hear you say these things because 194 00:11:35,160 --> 00:11:37,960 Speaker 1: he used to say how much you loved cigarettes. I know, 195 00:11:38,040 --> 00:11:39,800 Speaker 1: but I still I think in this one, even if 196 00:11:39,840 --> 00:11:42,640 Speaker 1: I did still smoke, I would I would advise never 197 00:11:42,760 --> 00:11:46,800 Speaker 1: to take it up. Um, Chuck, let's talk about the 198 00:11:46,840 --> 00:11:49,439 Speaker 1: effects of nicotine. It is an alkaloid, which means it's 199 00:11:49,440 --> 00:11:54,720 Speaker 1: a drug basically, um, which means it has an effect 200 00:11:54,840 --> 00:12:00,520 Speaker 1: on a couple of parts of the brain, right yes, um, 201 00:12:00,520 --> 00:12:02,200 Speaker 1: and not just the brain of the body. One of 202 00:12:02,240 --> 00:12:06,040 Speaker 1: the first responses the body has um to nicotine is 203 00:12:06,080 --> 00:12:09,199 Speaker 1: the release of adrenaline, which kicks in our dear old 204 00:12:09,280 --> 00:12:13,599 Speaker 1: friend the fight or flight response, right yes, And that's initially, 205 00:12:13,640 --> 00:12:16,360 Speaker 1: but can also what they call it biphasic. Yeah, it 206 00:12:16,360 --> 00:12:19,800 Speaker 1: can invigorate and relax. Yeah, and that sounds a little 207 00:12:19,840 --> 00:12:23,480 Speaker 1: odd until you think about like something like alcohol, which 208 00:12:24,120 --> 00:12:28,160 Speaker 1: has the same qualities many times, which is why you 209 00:12:28,160 --> 00:12:30,520 Speaker 1: know the girl at the bar is all fired up 210 00:12:30,559 --> 00:12:34,800 Speaker 1: at first, and then later on it's why did it means? 211 00:12:35,280 --> 00:12:39,120 Speaker 1: Or you know, I can't hold my head up right um? 212 00:12:39,160 --> 00:12:41,560 Speaker 1: The last couple of shows, the last couple of comedy 213 00:12:41,559 --> 00:12:45,600 Speaker 1: shows I've been too. There have been chatty drunk girls 214 00:12:45,960 --> 00:12:50,040 Speaker 1: who have just been overly courageous in expressing what was 215 00:12:50,080 --> 00:12:53,320 Speaker 1: on their mind loudly at any given moment, heckling or 216 00:12:53,360 --> 00:12:57,240 Speaker 1: just too loud, but heckling but not not heckling like 217 00:12:57,320 --> 00:12:59,640 Speaker 1: you're a bad meeting, just like you know, the guy 218 00:12:59,640 --> 00:13:01,400 Speaker 1: would tell a joke and should be like I work 219 00:13:01,440 --> 00:13:04,800 Speaker 1: at home depot and it was that like you're you're 220 00:13:04,840 --> 00:13:07,880 Speaker 1: talking Bob Gold tweet right now and no idea what 221 00:13:07,920 --> 00:13:11,720 Speaker 1: he's gonna do. Za Galafernakis has some classic YouTube bits 222 00:13:11,880 --> 00:13:14,440 Speaker 1: dealing with hecklers. Yeah yeah, this one girl will take 223 00:13:14,520 --> 00:13:17,280 Speaker 1: a slate. It's really good. Everyone I've seen, though, has 224 00:13:17,320 --> 00:13:19,280 Speaker 1: done a pretty good job with these people. It's the 225 00:13:19,280 --> 00:13:23,160 Speaker 1: worst part of the job, I would imagine. Um, So, chuck, 226 00:13:23,880 --> 00:13:28,320 Speaker 1: you've got the release of adrenaline. Um. You. Also, we 227 00:13:28,520 --> 00:13:33,320 Speaker 1: have an explanation for why people who smoke tend to 228 00:13:33,360 --> 00:13:37,720 Speaker 1: eat less. Yeah, you hear oral fixation, and I imagine 229 00:13:37,720 --> 00:13:40,400 Speaker 1: that that probably has a lot to do with people 230 00:13:40,640 --> 00:13:44,640 Speaker 1: putting on the weight after they quit smoking. Um. But 231 00:13:45,160 --> 00:13:49,760 Speaker 1: if you smoke, you can go fairly long without food. 232 00:13:50,320 --> 00:13:55,160 Speaker 1: And now we understand why nicotine send some signals to 233 00:13:55,280 --> 00:13:59,040 Speaker 1: your brain. Right here, let me do a little dramatic creani. 234 00:13:59,320 --> 00:14:02,720 Speaker 1: So nicotine into the body. Hey, body, go ahead and 235 00:14:02,800 --> 00:14:05,840 Speaker 1: dump a lot of the glucost stores in your cells 236 00:14:05,920 --> 00:14:09,480 Speaker 1: into the blood stream. Okay. The body says, okay, and 237 00:14:09,559 --> 00:14:12,480 Speaker 1: the nicotine says, and by the way, I don't want 238 00:14:12,520 --> 00:14:17,480 Speaker 1: you releasing any insulin. Insulin absorbs glucost in the bloodstream, 239 00:14:17,720 --> 00:14:21,720 Speaker 1: and the body's like okay, And then the nicotine goes Okay, Well, 240 00:14:21,840 --> 00:14:23,880 Speaker 1: now that you have a bunch of glucose in your 241 00:14:23,880 --> 00:14:26,720 Speaker 1: blood stream, don't you think that you've just eaten and 242 00:14:26,760 --> 00:14:28,880 Speaker 1: are full and the body goes you know, I do, 243 00:14:29,400 --> 00:14:36,160 Speaker 1: and the insulin exactly, And yeah, so that's called hyperglycemic 244 00:14:36,840 --> 00:14:40,080 Speaker 1: And like you said, basically, it makes you feel like 245 00:14:40,080 --> 00:14:44,880 Speaker 1: you're not hungry, and um, it also increases your basal 246 00:14:44,920 --> 00:14:48,600 Speaker 1: metabolic rate. So you're gonna burn more calories sitting around 247 00:14:48,640 --> 00:14:50,920 Speaker 1: smoking than you would if you were just sitting around. 248 00:14:51,320 --> 00:14:54,720 Speaker 1: And this all sounds awesome. What I eat less and 249 00:14:54,720 --> 00:14:58,480 Speaker 1: I just burn calories sitting around? It sounds awesome, but 250 00:14:59,280 --> 00:15:02,400 Speaker 1: unfortunately it's not like, oh, I can lose weight smoking, 251 00:15:02,400 --> 00:15:05,680 Speaker 1: and that's like exercise, because what you're actually doing is 252 00:15:05,800 --> 00:15:09,440 Speaker 1: killing yourself over the long haul. And speaking of basil 253 00:15:09,840 --> 00:15:16,080 Speaker 1: or basil metabolic rate, um, that is something that apparently 254 00:15:16,120 --> 00:15:19,480 Speaker 1: is very overlooked when with people who exercise and count 255 00:15:19,520 --> 00:15:21,920 Speaker 1: calories and things like that. How did that? I just 256 00:15:21,920 --> 00:15:27,080 Speaker 1: sounded like Silvester the cat person. Um. You if you 257 00:15:27,480 --> 00:15:31,240 Speaker 1: exercise and you burn five hundred calories, people are like, well, 258 00:15:31,280 --> 00:15:33,280 Speaker 1: that's pretty awesome. I just burned five hundred calories. But 259 00:15:33,280 --> 00:15:36,800 Speaker 1: they're not taking too account the basil metabolic rate, which is, 260 00:15:37,040 --> 00:15:39,040 Speaker 1: had you just not gone to the gym and stay 261 00:15:39,080 --> 00:15:41,240 Speaker 1: at home, you would have burned a hundred and fifty calories. 262 00:15:41,400 --> 00:15:43,960 Speaker 1: So really you only burned three d and fifty calories. 263 00:15:44,240 --> 00:15:46,920 Speaker 1: You have to take your net calorie burn to really 264 00:15:46,920 --> 00:15:50,480 Speaker 1: figure out how much weight you lose exercising. Yeah, well, 265 00:15:50,520 --> 00:15:52,240 Speaker 1: I don't ever look at the like on a treadmill. 266 00:15:52,280 --> 00:15:54,040 Speaker 1: I don't ever pay attention to like, can you burn 267 00:15:54,120 --> 00:15:58,320 Speaker 1: this many calories? Like? You know what, I gave my 268 00:15:58,360 --> 00:16:00,160 Speaker 1: hard to work out for forty five minutes exactly, and 269 00:16:00,160 --> 00:16:02,680 Speaker 1: I didn't fall over dead exactly. And I never weighed 270 00:16:02,720 --> 00:16:06,160 Speaker 1: myself either, do you really? Yeah? I just fixed my 271 00:16:06,200 --> 00:16:08,360 Speaker 1: scale actually the batteries, I'll fix it up, put a 272 00:16:08,360 --> 00:16:10,440 Speaker 1: battery in it, and it had been out for like 273 00:16:11,000 --> 00:16:14,040 Speaker 1: four or five months, and I didn't, you know, I 274 00:16:14,480 --> 00:16:17,080 Speaker 1: felt myself getting fatter, and I weighed myself and I 275 00:16:17,120 --> 00:16:19,600 Speaker 1: was actually like a pound less than I was six 276 00:16:19,640 --> 00:16:21,520 Speaker 1: months ago. So it was all in my head. Well 277 00:16:21,560 --> 00:16:24,280 Speaker 1: it's not great. Ideally, I'm twenty pounds less than I 278 00:16:24,280 --> 00:16:27,440 Speaker 1: went six months ago. I've just been reintroduced to my 279 00:16:27,520 --> 00:16:32,440 Speaker 1: hip bones lately. Yeah, that's good. You can start wearing 280 00:16:32,440 --> 00:16:38,440 Speaker 1: the hip huggers you haven't noticed. Sorry, Okay, So chuck. 281 00:16:40,160 --> 00:16:42,520 Speaker 1: Cigarettes will kill you is where we left off, because 282 00:16:42,560 --> 00:16:45,960 Speaker 1: they will raise your bad cholesterol level, damage your arteries, 283 00:16:46,240 --> 00:16:50,400 Speaker 1: and eventually you are in line for a heart attacker stroke. Yes, 284 00:16:50,840 --> 00:16:52,920 Speaker 1: and that, and while we'll get into it later, let's 285 00:16:52,920 --> 00:16:54,760 Speaker 1: talk about the brain. Yeah, and I don't think that's 286 00:16:54,840 --> 00:16:59,600 Speaker 1: much of a spoiler. Now, cigarettes kill you. The the 287 00:16:59,600 --> 00:17:02,680 Speaker 1: the irony of it is is the nicotine won't kill you. 288 00:17:03,240 --> 00:17:05,399 Speaker 1: I mean, the nicotine can kill you, but you literally 289 00:17:05,400 --> 00:17:07,760 Speaker 1: have to overdose on it, and it takes more than 290 00:17:07,800 --> 00:17:12,440 Speaker 1: you could get from cigarettes. It's other chemicals, the thousands 291 00:17:12,440 --> 00:17:14,760 Speaker 1: of other chemicals in a cigarette that kill you. Well, 292 00:17:14,800 --> 00:17:18,200 Speaker 1: I'm glad you said that because that's a huge point. Um. 293 00:17:18,240 --> 00:17:21,400 Speaker 1: The other chemicals are killing you. The nicotine is what 294 00:17:21,760 --> 00:17:24,879 Speaker 1: makes you smoke over and over and over again. So 295 00:17:25,119 --> 00:17:27,800 Speaker 1: it's a it's a one two punch of death. Well, 296 00:17:27,880 --> 00:17:29,879 Speaker 1: let's talk about that. Let's talk about what happens in 297 00:17:29,920 --> 00:17:33,600 Speaker 1: the brain that gets you basically addicted. Um. First up, 298 00:17:34,160 --> 00:17:38,840 Speaker 1: as with anything, is the reward pathway is manipulated. Right, So, 299 00:17:38,960 --> 00:17:41,280 Speaker 1: just like with cocaine or alcohol or anything like that, 300 00:17:41,680 --> 00:17:44,840 Speaker 1: dopaminees released, which is how we learn how to eat 301 00:17:45,119 --> 00:17:49,400 Speaker 1: and reproduce and do anything that that causes our own 302 00:17:49,640 --> 00:17:55,320 Speaker 1: or our species survival. Were rewarded, right, Well, nicotine unlocks 303 00:17:55,680 --> 00:17:59,399 Speaker 1: the release of dopamine, which teaches us to smoke again. Rights, right, 304 00:17:59,680 --> 00:18:03,560 Speaker 1: But even more than that, a smarter neurotransmitter. And I 305 00:18:03,600 --> 00:18:06,080 Speaker 1: do kind of think that dopamine is kind of a 306 00:18:06,480 --> 00:18:09,800 Speaker 1: in fact, Chris Farley kind of neurotransmitter. You know, it's 307 00:18:09,800 --> 00:18:11,480 Speaker 1: just kind of like out for a good time kind 308 00:18:11,480 --> 00:18:14,840 Speaker 1: of thing. A setal colin. That guy is slick. That's 309 00:18:14,880 --> 00:18:18,240 Speaker 1: like a Patrick Bateman kind of neurotransmitter. That's right. And 310 00:18:18,320 --> 00:18:23,320 Speaker 1: nicotine docks to this uh that binds to this neurotransmitter, 311 00:18:24,080 --> 00:18:27,639 Speaker 1: and that's where that's where it all happens basically, And 312 00:18:28,119 --> 00:18:31,199 Speaker 1: may I interject r I P Chris Farley. I know 313 00:18:31,280 --> 00:18:33,199 Speaker 1: for a fact that he was not dumb. He was 314 00:18:33,200 --> 00:18:36,159 Speaker 1: a very smart guy. I was talking more about his 315 00:18:36,480 --> 00:18:39,640 Speaker 1: buffoon like characters that played, not him specific. We don't 316 00:18:39,640 --> 00:18:42,359 Speaker 1: want to speak ill of the dead, especially not Chris Farler. 317 00:18:42,440 --> 00:18:45,119 Speaker 1: That's right. So we just mentioned the set to colleen, 318 00:18:45,680 --> 00:18:49,479 Speaker 1: which the nicotine binds to this neurotransmitter. It's gonna end 319 00:18:49,480 --> 00:18:52,800 Speaker 1: when you smoke, it's gonna increase the release of setal colleen. 320 00:18:53,320 --> 00:18:56,320 Speaker 1: And the problem is that the set colin is great 321 00:18:56,400 --> 00:19:00,960 Speaker 1: and the body, everybody loves the body regulates the release 322 00:19:00,960 --> 00:19:04,120 Speaker 1: of it in the proper way, but when nicotine gets involved, 323 00:19:04,119 --> 00:19:08,520 Speaker 1: it's just out of control. Willy nilly, cetoclin going crazy 324 00:19:08,520 --> 00:19:11,760 Speaker 1: in your body, right, um, one of the and it's 325 00:19:11,960 --> 00:19:14,600 Speaker 1: a bunch of a seal colin being released means a 326 00:19:14,680 --> 00:19:18,199 Speaker 1: bunch of activity in the cholinergic neurons. Right, So the 327 00:19:18,280 --> 00:19:21,840 Speaker 1: cholinergic neurons basically tell your body like, hey, you wake up, 328 00:19:21,880 --> 00:19:25,359 Speaker 1: bub Let's go do something right, Let's go roller skate 329 00:19:25,440 --> 00:19:30,240 Speaker 1: or something like that. Um. Cholinergic neurons also promote dopamine release, 330 00:19:31,040 --> 00:19:34,119 Speaker 1: so you're up and at them. You're feeling good, you're 331 00:19:34,119 --> 00:19:38,960 Speaker 1: feeling you forhork Um. You endorphins are released, which is 332 00:19:38,960 --> 00:19:41,760 Speaker 1: the body's natural painkiller. You've heard of the runners high. 333 00:19:41,800 --> 00:19:44,520 Speaker 1: That is h endorphins going crazy at the end of 334 00:19:44,520 --> 00:19:48,400 Speaker 1: your long jog, exactly. Um. And then lastly, the thing 335 00:19:48,440 --> 00:19:51,160 Speaker 1: that cements at all is the release of glutamate, which 336 00:19:51,160 --> 00:19:57,200 Speaker 1: glutamate has been shown to enhance neural connections, connections between 337 00:19:57,200 --> 00:20:01,040 Speaker 1: the neural pathways, which enhances memory. We talked about memory 338 00:20:01,080 --> 00:20:04,240 Speaker 1: that we didn't talk about glutamate. Yeah, how do we 339 00:20:04,280 --> 00:20:06,960 Speaker 1: miss that? I don't know. Well, what can happen here 340 00:20:07,080 --> 00:20:10,160 Speaker 1: is if you when you ingest nicotine, glutamate can create 341 00:20:10,160 --> 00:20:12,640 Speaker 1: a memory loop of how awesome it is. So now 342 00:20:12,640 --> 00:20:15,399 Speaker 1: you've got this recurring film playing in your head like 343 00:20:15,440 --> 00:20:19,160 Speaker 1: smoking is great, smoking is great. Have another cigarette over 344 00:20:19,200 --> 00:20:24,960 Speaker 1: and over and over a deadly concoction. Yes, so that's 345 00:20:25,000 --> 00:20:29,840 Speaker 1: what happens. You're you lose weight, you feel great, right, Uh, 346 00:20:30,000 --> 00:20:32,639 Speaker 1: like you said, but you're slowly dying. Yes, But we 347 00:20:32,800 --> 00:20:38,320 Speaker 1: mentioned earlier, Um that there there there are medicinal there's 348 00:20:38,359 --> 00:20:42,480 Speaker 1: medicinal value to nicotine specifically, right, because it has this 349 00:20:42,560 --> 00:20:46,920 Speaker 1: effect on your cholinergic pathways. Um, it could help with Alzheimer's. 350 00:20:46,920 --> 00:20:53,200 Speaker 1: They're finding Alzheimer's is a loss of cholinergic neurons, that's right, right, 351 00:20:53,280 --> 00:20:55,640 Speaker 1: which leads to memory loss, that kind of thing. You're 352 00:20:55,640 --> 00:20:59,000 Speaker 1: not quite as active, You are angry and you don't 353 00:20:59,000 --> 00:21:02,919 Speaker 1: know why. That's right. Um, they're finding that nicotine can 354 00:21:02,960 --> 00:21:05,600 Speaker 1: help replace these or it can at the very least 355 00:21:05,640 --> 00:21:09,520 Speaker 1: stop the loss of cholinergic neurons and promote the activity 356 00:21:09,560 --> 00:21:12,320 Speaker 1: of the ones that are still around. That's right, hence 357 00:21:12,320 --> 00:21:15,840 Speaker 1: reversing the effects of Alzheimer's or forestalling it. That's right. 358 00:21:15,920 --> 00:21:19,160 Speaker 1: And Tourette syndrome is another thing they're looking into now 359 00:21:19,480 --> 00:21:24,080 Speaker 1: with nicotine patches. Slowly delivering nicotine can reduce the episodes 360 00:21:24,280 --> 00:21:29,159 Speaker 1: of Tourette's ticks and outbursts. So did we come? I 361 00:21:29,160 --> 00:21:30,760 Speaker 1: don't even know if we covered that in turetts. This 362 00:21:30,840 --> 00:21:34,560 Speaker 1: may be news to us. Do you anyone who hasn't 363 00:21:34,600 --> 00:21:36,680 Speaker 1: heard Tourette sint him yet? Go back illicito. It's a 364 00:21:36,720 --> 00:21:41,119 Speaker 1: good one, um, but chuck again. We want to specify 365 00:21:41,240 --> 00:21:45,960 Speaker 1: that you are much more likely to die from ingesting 366 00:21:46,040 --> 00:21:50,320 Speaker 1: nicotine via the current ways that we have it. We 367 00:21:50,400 --> 00:21:52,720 Speaker 1: have to ingest it then you are to gain any 368 00:21:52,760 --> 00:21:57,520 Speaker 1: kind of benefit, right, that's right. Cancer obviously, emphysema, heart disease, stroke, 369 00:21:58,400 --> 00:22:01,520 Speaker 1: and uh, the nicotine is what gets you addicted, and 370 00:22:01,520 --> 00:22:04,720 Speaker 1: all the thousands of chemicals and the cigarette is what 371 00:22:05,080 --> 00:22:09,560 Speaker 1: kills you. And it will kill you. I mean, if 372 00:22:09,760 --> 00:22:13,639 Speaker 1: you smoke your whole life, you're very much a rarity. 373 00:22:13,680 --> 00:22:15,719 Speaker 1: If you're one of those people that's like smoking for 374 00:22:15,760 --> 00:22:19,240 Speaker 1: fifty years and not suffering any effects. That's that's really rare. 375 00:22:20,800 --> 00:22:24,560 Speaker 1: Sometimes I feel death over my shoulder. Really now you're healing, man. 376 00:22:24,600 --> 00:22:26,240 Speaker 1: You can you can reverse the effects. That's what's so 377 00:22:26,280 --> 00:22:28,720 Speaker 1: good about it. Yeah, you can reverse the effects, but 378 00:22:28,760 --> 00:22:32,200 Speaker 1: you can also do lasting damage well, all sorts of 379 00:22:32,240 --> 00:22:35,640 Speaker 1: time bombs in your body after smoking thousands and thousands 380 00:22:35,640 --> 00:22:38,440 Speaker 1: of cigarettes over twenty years. True, but you're you're doing good, buddy, 381 00:22:38,800 --> 00:22:43,160 Speaker 1: um So, Chuck, we talked about it being psychologically addictive, right, 382 00:22:43,520 --> 00:22:46,280 Speaker 1: very much. You do it compulsively. The definition of this 383 00:22:46,400 --> 00:22:50,000 Speaker 1: is you are compulsively engaging in an activity that you 384 00:22:50,040 --> 00:22:53,400 Speaker 1: know will harm you. Yes, you're still doing it. Yes, 385 00:22:53,480 --> 00:22:58,920 Speaker 1: And it is physiologically anything. Neuroscientists basically say anything that 386 00:22:58,920 --> 00:23:03,520 Speaker 1: that uh synthetically turns on your reward pathway is addictive, 387 00:23:04,160 --> 00:23:08,040 Speaker 1: and that's cigarettes for sure. Um or nicotine specifically. And 388 00:23:08,080 --> 00:23:13,639 Speaker 1: we also mentioned chuckers that um nicotine itself is harmful 389 00:23:14,320 --> 00:23:18,480 Speaker 1: if you overdose on it. Yeah, but it's very difficult 390 00:23:18,480 --> 00:23:20,200 Speaker 1: to overdose on it because we remember there's eight to 391 00:23:20,240 --> 00:23:22,720 Speaker 1: twenty milligrams with nicotine and a cigarette, but your body 392 00:23:22,720 --> 00:23:26,400 Speaker 1: only jests about one. It's very difficult to overdose by 393 00:23:26,440 --> 00:23:29,879 Speaker 1: way of smoking inhalation. It is, but if you're a 394 00:23:29,920 --> 00:23:33,760 Speaker 1: baby and you're dumb, you can eat cigarettes or cigarette 395 00:23:33,800 --> 00:23:37,400 Speaker 1: butts and overdose on it. It doesn't take very much. 396 00:23:37,400 --> 00:23:40,080 Speaker 1: It can take eating one cigarette can send a baby 397 00:23:40,119 --> 00:23:42,879 Speaker 1: to the hospital with a lot of problems. Yes, and 398 00:23:42,920 --> 00:23:44,920 Speaker 1: I looked this up and it says so in this article, 399 00:23:44,960 --> 00:23:49,040 Speaker 1: but I double checked the adults. If you eat like 400 00:23:49,480 --> 00:23:53,320 Speaker 1: three to seven cigarettes as an adult, you will likely die. 401 00:23:54,000 --> 00:23:56,320 Speaker 1: So don't do that. Don't ever eat a cigarette for 402 00:23:56,400 --> 00:23:58,640 Speaker 1: any reason. No, But I remember we talked about um 403 00:23:58,720 --> 00:24:03,560 Speaker 1: ambient people on and in Waking Up and cigarettes, and 404 00:24:03,760 --> 00:24:05,680 Speaker 1: I was surprised. I thought it was like, oh, eat 405 00:24:05,680 --> 00:24:07,720 Speaker 1: like three packs of cigarettes and you might get really sick. 406 00:24:07,760 --> 00:24:09,879 Speaker 1: But if you eat four or five six cigarettes, you 407 00:24:09,920 --> 00:24:12,120 Speaker 1: will likely die if you don't get to a hospital. 408 00:24:12,280 --> 00:24:15,120 Speaker 1: So there. This all reminds me of a story of 409 00:24:15,960 --> 00:24:17,960 Speaker 1: I hope somebody out there can help me with this. 410 00:24:18,240 --> 00:24:22,880 Speaker 1: It was in a feature article in g Q sometime 411 00:24:22,960 --> 00:24:28,600 Speaker 1: between probably nineteen nine and n okay, okay. It was 412 00:24:28,640 --> 00:24:32,080 Speaker 1: about a bank robber may I. He was one of 413 00:24:32,080 --> 00:24:34,080 Speaker 1: the more successful bank robbers of all time because he 414 00:24:34,119 --> 00:24:36,919 Speaker 1: figured out if you put a clown wig on glasses 415 00:24:37,280 --> 00:24:40,480 Speaker 1: and then dangle ribbons from the glasses. No one will 416 00:24:40,560 --> 00:24:42,960 Speaker 1: ever be able to give a good description of you, ever. 417 00:24:43,800 --> 00:24:46,080 Speaker 1: So here's a very successful bank robber for a while. 418 00:24:46,400 --> 00:24:50,480 Speaker 1: What about his wearing a mask? I don't know that 419 00:24:50,560 --> 00:24:54,040 Speaker 1: was his though. This guy finally gets napped, right, and 420 00:24:54,080 --> 00:24:57,080 Speaker 1: he's in prison, and he decides he needs to get out, 421 00:24:57,119 --> 00:24:59,639 Speaker 1: so he takes a pack of cigarettes, right that I 422 00:24:59,640 --> 00:25:03,080 Speaker 1: imagine he traded a few honeybutons for um. He unrolls 423 00:25:03,080 --> 00:25:05,040 Speaker 1: the cigarettes and puts him in a cup of water. 424 00:25:05,480 --> 00:25:08,400 Speaker 1: Let's a couple of water sit overnight, goes around out 425 00:25:08,400 --> 00:25:11,680 Speaker 1: into the prison yard during like exercise time, runs around 426 00:25:11,680 --> 00:25:14,040 Speaker 1: a couple of times. It comes back in and immediately 427 00:25:14,119 --> 00:25:17,520 Speaker 1: chugs this cup of nicotine water of tobacco water and 428 00:25:17,560 --> 00:25:21,280 Speaker 1: falls right over right. So the hospitals like we are 429 00:25:21,320 --> 00:25:24,159 Speaker 1: the prisons like we gotta get this guy at the hospital. Well, 430 00:25:24,320 --> 00:25:27,800 Speaker 1: the ambulance that shows up is full of paramedics who 431 00:25:27,840 --> 00:25:31,080 Speaker 1: pulled guns on the prison guards. Get the guy into 432 00:25:31,080 --> 00:25:34,000 Speaker 1: the back of the ambulance. It's his gang posing his paramedics. 433 00:25:34,000 --> 00:25:36,920 Speaker 1: They take him to an underground doctor who revives him 434 00:25:37,119 --> 00:25:40,480 Speaker 1: and he lives is that that really happened According to 435 00:25:40,520 --> 00:25:42,720 Speaker 1: this g Q article and my memory of the g 436 00:25:42,840 --> 00:25:45,600 Speaker 1: Q article, that's what happened. We could find that out 437 00:25:45,600 --> 00:25:48,320 Speaker 1: of bet but we can explain exactly what they would 438 00:25:48,359 --> 00:25:52,080 Speaker 1: have treated him with to to overcome this nicotine overdose 439 00:25:52,080 --> 00:25:55,919 Speaker 1: which he was surely suffering. We can now, well, what 440 00:25:55,920 --> 00:25:58,119 Speaker 1: would they treat him with? Well, there's a couple of 441 00:25:58,160 --> 00:26:00,520 Speaker 1: things you could do. You could get the You could 442 00:26:00,560 --> 00:26:03,679 Speaker 1: get the nicotine out by giving them ipcac something to 443 00:26:03,760 --> 00:26:07,320 Speaker 1: induce vomiting. Yeah, um, which you would probably want to do. 444 00:26:07,320 --> 00:26:10,040 Speaker 1: You can also give them activated charcoal, which the carbon 445 00:26:10,080 --> 00:26:13,520 Speaker 1: will attract the nicotine the alkaloids, and it will keep 446 00:26:13,560 --> 00:26:17,000 Speaker 1: the body from absorbing more of it. But that's basically 447 00:26:17,040 --> 00:26:18,760 Speaker 1: what you want to do is to get out whatever 448 00:26:18,800 --> 00:26:21,880 Speaker 1: you can and make sure nobody eats any more nicotine. Yeah, 449 00:26:21,960 --> 00:26:24,320 Speaker 1: and I guess the only scenario no one would want 450 00:26:24,359 --> 00:26:28,480 Speaker 1: to do that is the the sleepy, hungover morning after 451 00:26:28,560 --> 00:26:30,359 Speaker 1: when you reach over and grab what you think is 452 00:26:30,400 --> 00:26:34,119 Speaker 1: that cup of soda and it's really the thing that 453 00:26:34,160 --> 00:26:36,560 Speaker 1: all your cigarette butts were there into. I knew a 454 00:26:36,600 --> 00:26:40,359 Speaker 1: kid who would still drink beer with cigarette butts in it. Yeah, 455 00:26:40,760 --> 00:26:44,720 Speaker 1: smart guy. Uh so I'm not talking about of course 456 00:26:44,760 --> 00:26:47,760 Speaker 1: you're not. Um so nicotine, Like we said, it gets 457 00:26:47,800 --> 00:26:51,880 Speaker 1: in your body. Like any drug, your body will adapt adapt, 458 00:26:52,160 --> 00:26:57,160 Speaker 1: adapt to that drug and start behaving differently. So that's 459 00:26:57,160 --> 00:26:59,760 Speaker 1: why when you quit, just like any drug, your body's 460 00:26:59,760 --> 00:27:03,040 Speaker 1: gonna say, wait a minute, Like I was functioning on 461 00:27:03,080 --> 00:27:05,800 Speaker 1: a certain level here. Uh, and now you just took 462 00:27:05,920 --> 00:27:08,320 Speaker 1: the nicotine away. So I don't know what to do right. 463 00:27:08,359 --> 00:27:11,560 Speaker 1: I'm used to a certain amount of color colinergic activity. 464 00:27:12,040 --> 00:27:14,040 Speaker 1: Give it to me. So I'm gonna be really messed 465 00:27:14,080 --> 00:27:16,960 Speaker 1: up for a while, and you're gonna be really irritable. Um, 466 00:27:17,040 --> 00:27:20,680 Speaker 1: Mr person who who has my body? And uh, you're 467 00:27:20,680 --> 00:27:23,399 Speaker 1: gonna be anxious, and you're gonna be depressed, and you're 468 00:27:23,440 --> 00:27:28,200 Speaker 1: gonna crave me a lot for about a month and beyond. 469 00:27:29,080 --> 00:27:31,320 Speaker 1: But a month physically, they say, is when it kind 470 00:27:31,320 --> 00:27:34,760 Speaker 1: of will leave your system. But the psychological part. I 471 00:27:34,800 --> 00:27:37,399 Speaker 1: know some people that quit smoking for a decade and 472 00:27:37,440 --> 00:27:40,639 Speaker 1: they still craved that cigarette on occasion. I used to. 473 00:27:40,800 --> 00:27:44,000 Speaker 1: I would meet people here there who would you know 474 00:27:44,040 --> 00:27:46,640 Speaker 1: who saw me smoking? Like I quit thirty years ago 475 00:27:46,680 --> 00:27:49,040 Speaker 1: and I still want a cigarette every day, And it 476 00:27:49,160 --> 00:27:51,000 Speaker 1: scared me because I'm kind of like, I think I'd 477 00:27:51,080 --> 00:27:53,480 Speaker 1: rather die than go like live like that, you know, 478 00:27:54,359 --> 00:27:56,760 Speaker 1: And now I understand what they're talking about. Where it's 479 00:27:56,800 --> 00:28:01,160 Speaker 1: like you, it's so manageable. It's such a passing thought 480 00:28:01,200 --> 00:28:04,199 Speaker 1: that I don't I don't have it every day, but 481 00:28:04,240 --> 00:28:06,399 Speaker 1: I mean I have had it where I'm like, it 482 00:28:06,440 --> 00:28:10,919 Speaker 1: would be really greattte probably having a drink that for 483 00:28:10,920 --> 00:28:13,240 Speaker 1: a lot of people alcohol in cigarettes you would think. So, No, 484 00:28:13,400 --> 00:28:16,919 Speaker 1: I haven't noticed any actual triggers. Um, there is a 485 00:28:16,920 --> 00:28:19,280 Speaker 1: lot of it is association, like yes, if you if 486 00:28:19,320 --> 00:28:22,880 Speaker 1: you drink, you want it. You want a cigarette that 487 00:28:23,040 --> 00:28:25,600 Speaker 1: doesn't it's fleeting. It's more kind of out of the blue, 488 00:28:26,119 --> 00:28:29,640 Speaker 1: not like stress related, not necessarily interesting. It's just kind 489 00:28:29,680 --> 00:28:32,960 Speaker 1: of they're like and like underneath a certain part of 490 00:28:32,960 --> 00:28:34,639 Speaker 1: your brain and it just kind of floats to the 491 00:28:34,640 --> 00:28:36,199 Speaker 1: service every once a while, but you just kind of 492 00:28:36,280 --> 00:28:40,320 Speaker 1: batted away. It's completely manage about you. Yeah, well that's good. 493 00:28:40,360 --> 00:28:43,600 Speaker 1: It's different for everybody, and um, the way it reacts 494 00:28:43,600 --> 00:28:46,200 Speaker 1: in your body is different for everyone. Your tolerance level 495 00:28:46,320 --> 00:28:49,200 Speaker 1: is going to be different, uh for everybody. That's why 496 00:28:49,240 --> 00:28:51,360 Speaker 1: some people smoke three packs a day is because they 497 00:28:51,400 --> 00:28:54,680 Speaker 1: need to keep recharging that hit of dopamine. And some 498 00:28:54,720 --> 00:28:58,280 Speaker 1: people can get by with smoking the occasional cigarette, and 499 00:28:58,360 --> 00:29:02,240 Speaker 1: our advice is to not ever start, avoid the whole mess. Yeah, 500 00:29:02,400 --> 00:29:05,040 Speaker 1: and this is coming from a dude who love to smoke. 501 00:29:05,120 --> 00:29:08,840 Speaker 1: And now you're just like, no, no, no, no, that's great. 502 00:29:08,960 --> 00:29:13,760 Speaker 1: I love it, Thanks, Chuck. Um. If you love nicotine 503 00:29:13,800 --> 00:29:16,160 Speaker 1: and you want to learn more about it, if you 504 00:29:16,240 --> 00:29:18,440 Speaker 1: love it at an intellectual level, I guess that is 505 00:29:18,440 --> 00:29:21,080 Speaker 1: what I mean. If you can learn more by typing 506 00:29:21,080 --> 00:29:25,160 Speaker 1: in nicotine, right, Yes, I imagine you could also type 507 00:29:25,160 --> 00:29:28,560 Speaker 1: in coded nine if you wanted to in in the 508 00:29:28,600 --> 00:29:30,880 Speaker 1: search bar at how stuff works dot com, which will 509 00:29:30,920 --> 00:29:34,360 Speaker 1: bring up this article on nicotine, and search bar brings 510 00:29:34,440 --> 00:29:40,000 Speaker 1: up listener mail. That's right, you almost caught me off guard. 511 00:29:40,040 --> 00:29:43,280 Speaker 1: That was so slick, Uh, Josh, I'm gonna call this 512 00:29:44,000 --> 00:29:48,040 Speaker 1: uh follow up on wacky Wills. Yes, we asked for 513 00:29:48,080 --> 00:29:50,280 Speaker 1: wacky will stories and this was a good one. This 514 00:29:50,360 --> 00:29:55,200 Speaker 1: is from Nate in Galesburg, Illinois. Dear Josh and Chuck 515 00:29:55,200 --> 00:29:57,120 Speaker 1: and Jerry, guys have been a big fan for years. 516 00:29:57,160 --> 00:29:59,640 Speaker 1: I heard how wills work. I was hoping you would 517 00:29:59,640 --> 00:30:02,480 Speaker 1: mention my favorite story of strange will stipulations. But you 518 00:30:02,520 --> 00:30:06,240 Speaker 1: didn't so here it is uh And he included a 519 00:30:06,280 --> 00:30:10,760 Speaker 1: link to Snopes because it's uh true. Yeah, he wasn't 520 00:30:10,800 --> 00:30:12,719 Speaker 1: the only one to send this one into Oh did 521 00:30:12,720 --> 00:30:16,080 Speaker 1: more than one of these come in? So? A Toronto 522 00:30:16,160 --> 00:30:20,160 Speaker 1: lawyer named Charles vance Millar died in with a hefty estate. 523 00:30:20,520 --> 00:30:23,040 Speaker 1: Left a number of strange clauses in his will, most 524 00:30:23,080 --> 00:30:25,840 Speaker 1: of which are described in the link, the strangest of 525 00:30:25,920 --> 00:30:28,520 Speaker 1: which is came to be known as the Great stork 526 00:30:28,720 --> 00:30:33,680 Speaker 1: derby wacky Canadians. He left a significant portion of his 527 00:30:33,760 --> 00:30:36,760 Speaker 1: money investment that would turn out to be worth up 528 00:30:36,800 --> 00:30:39,320 Speaker 1: to seven hundred and fifty thousand dollars to the woman 529 00:30:39,360 --> 00:30:42,960 Speaker 1: who gave birth to the most children in Toronto. And 530 00:30:43,000 --> 00:30:45,760 Speaker 1: it's in years following his death. Oh this guy to 531 00:30:45,800 --> 00:30:48,000 Speaker 1: do that? I don't know. I'm really trying to think 532 00:30:48,040 --> 00:30:52,360 Speaker 1: of a reason he was. Um, he was a big 533 00:30:52,440 --> 00:30:57,240 Speaker 1: fan of coitus maybe or just trying to populate Canada. 534 00:30:57,480 --> 00:30:59,360 Speaker 1: I guess take over the US once and for all? 535 00:30:59,440 --> 00:31:02,360 Speaker 1: Is it toront that's what he says. Uh. There were 536 00:31:02,360 --> 00:31:05,240 Speaker 1: a number of interesting legal challenges highlighted in the link, 537 00:31:05,480 --> 00:31:08,680 Speaker 1: such as whether or not illegitimate or deceased children counted. 538 00:31:09,240 --> 00:31:12,520 Speaker 1: It's awful, and ultimately the purse was split among six 539 00:31:12,560 --> 00:31:15,320 Speaker 1: women in total, the most money going to four women 540 00:31:15,320 --> 00:31:19,120 Speaker 1: with nine legitimate live burse during the time frame, each 541 00:31:19,120 --> 00:31:21,560 Speaker 1: of whom received the hundred and twenty five grand I 542 00:31:21,600 --> 00:31:23,840 Speaker 1: hope you guys have a chance to mention this uncommon 543 00:31:23,920 --> 00:31:29,959 Speaker 1: and capreaches equipment from Nate in Galesburg and uh quickly. 544 00:31:30,000 --> 00:31:33,000 Speaker 1: We also wanted to mention Chris uh is a marine. 545 00:31:33,240 --> 00:31:37,120 Speaker 1: Was a marine and then later a Naval reserve officer, 546 00:31:37,960 --> 00:31:40,720 Speaker 1: and they were required to have a will, so we 547 00:31:40,800 --> 00:31:44,880 Speaker 1: mentioned the on the battlefield type of holographic will or 548 00:31:45,080 --> 00:31:49,000 Speaker 1: oral will and apparently now you have to prove that 549 00:31:49,040 --> 00:31:51,160 Speaker 1: you have a will to get into the armed services. 550 00:31:51,200 --> 00:31:55,280 Speaker 1: So that's that's the information we got from Chris. Thanks Chris. 551 00:31:55,320 --> 00:31:57,760 Speaker 1: And I can't remember the name of the person who 552 00:31:58,280 --> 00:32:00,520 Speaker 1: sent us an email and uttered dis the leap that 553 00:32:00,560 --> 00:32:04,240 Speaker 1: we failed to mention Brewster's millions, but my apologies to 554 00:32:04,320 --> 00:32:07,560 Speaker 1: that person and anyone else who thought the same thing. Yeah, 555 00:32:07,760 --> 00:32:12,240 Speaker 1: we totally overlooked that. That's Lesser Prior's good. But Lesser 556 00:32:12,280 --> 00:32:16,520 Speaker 1: Prior and John Candy, Yeah, God, Resistledig exactly do you 557 00:32:16,520 --> 00:32:19,960 Speaker 1: want to say hi to Chuckers or me, You can 558 00:32:20,000 --> 00:32:22,560 Speaker 1: do so by going on our Facebook page Facebook dot 559 00:32:22,560 --> 00:32:25,280 Speaker 1: com slash stuff you Should Know UM. You can also 560 00:32:25,400 --> 00:32:28,800 Speaker 1: tweet high to us that's at s y s K 561 00:32:29,000 --> 00:32:31,680 Speaker 1: podcast uh. And then you can always just send us 562 00:32:31,720 --> 00:32:36,480 Speaker 1: a good old fashioned email at stuff Podcasts at how 563 00:32:36,560 --> 00:32:43,120 Speaker 1: stuff works dot com. For more on this and thousands 564 00:32:43,120 --> 00:32:45,680 Speaker 1: of other topics, visit how stuff works dot com. To 565 00:32:45,800 --> 00:32:48,640 Speaker 1: learn more about the podcast, click on the podcast icon 566 00:32:48,760 --> 00:32:51,560 Speaker 1: in the upper right corner of our homepage. The how 567 00:32:51,600 --> 00:32:54,440 Speaker 1: Stuff Works iPhone app has arrived down at it today 568 00:32:54,680 --> 00:33:00,280 Speaker 1: on iTunes, brought to you by the reinvented tooth thousand 569 00:33:00,280 --> 00:33:02,360 Speaker 1: and twelve Camry. It's ready, are you