WEBVTT - Ep 197 Detox: Enemas for everyone

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<v Speaker 1>Throughout the history of man, there have been constant epidemics

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<v Speaker 1>of many diseases. Little has been known or understood as

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<v Speaker 1>to why these things happen. In recent times, it has

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<v Speaker 1>been believed that these many diseases are contagious and that

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<v Speaker 1>germs have spread them. This belief has created a monster

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<v Speaker 1>as the medical field has steadily found stronger and more

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<v Speaker 1>potent drugs, poisons, and antibiotics in their constant effort to

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<v Speaker 1>destroy what they believe to be the cause. A large

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<v Speaker 1>variety of vaccines and antitoxins have been developed because of

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<v Speaker 1>the belief in a large variety of bacteria and viruses. Yet,

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<v Speaker 1>in spite of massive research, manufacturing, and wide use of

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<v Speaker 1>these items, mankind still goes on suffering from an ever

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<v Speaker 1>increasing variety of disease and disorders with no let up

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<v Speaker 1>in sight. Disease, old age, and death are the result

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<v Speaker 1>of accumulated poisons and congestions throughout the entire body. The

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<v Speaker 1>toxins become crystallized and hardened, settling around the joints, in

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<v Speaker 1>the muscles and throughout the billions of cells all over

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<v Speaker 1>the body. Germs and viruses do not and cannot cause

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<v Speaker 1>any of our diseases, so we have no need for

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<v Speaker 1>finding various kinds of poisons to destroy them. All diseases,

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<v Speaker 1>regardless of their names, come within this understanding, as only

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<v Speaker 1>varied expressions of the one disease of toxemia. Basically, all

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<v Speaker 1>of our diseases are created by ourselves because we have

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<v Speaker 1>never taken the time to discover the true foods meant

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<v Speaker 1>for man's use. Very often an epidemic occurs after holiday feasting.

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<v Speaker 1>Even the very best of foods in excess can create problems.

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<v Speaker 1>Since germs do not cause our disorders, there must be

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<v Speaker 1>another logical reason for the triggering of an epidemic. This

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<v Speaker 1>is a matter of simple vibration. The better the physical

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<v Speaker 1>and mental condition a person is in, the higher becomes

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<v Speaker 1>his vibration. But as he steadily becomes clogged with more

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<v Speaker 1>and more waste matter, his vibration goes constantly downward until

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<v Speaker 1>he is ready and in need of a change. If

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<v Speaker 1>he then comes in contact with one or more who

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<v Speaker 1>have already started the cleansing process, he picks up the

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<v Speaker 1>vibration of change, and all his functions are triggered into

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<v Speaker 1>the same action. The person with a toxic free body,

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<v Speaker 1>an undisturbed mind is the one unaffected by the epidemic.

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<v Speaker 2>It was so hard for me to not make noises,

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<v Speaker 2>I know, for me to listen to that, I know.

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<v Speaker 3>I okay.

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<v Speaker 2>Was that from like twenty two hundred BCE, I hope? Oh,

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<v Speaker 2>I mean, I can tell by the grammar that it wasn't.

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<v Speaker 1>Thou art No. In many ways yes, and in many

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<v Speaker 1>ways no.

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<v Speaker 4>Okay.

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<v Speaker 1>That was from a book by Stanley Burrows called The

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<v Speaker 1>Master Cleanser. And this book I think was published in

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<v Speaker 1>the nineteen seventies, but the original Master Klen's diet was

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<v Speaker 1>introduced by Burrows in the nineteen forties.

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<v Speaker 4>That's from a little.

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<v Speaker 1>Chapter of the book called a word about quote unquote

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<v Speaker 1>epidemics and quote unquote germ cause diseases.

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<v Speaker 3>Sorry, that book was published in.

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<v Speaker 1>The seventy Oh, Aaron, as if there aren't similar ones

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<v Speaker 1>today debunking germ theory.

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<v Speaker 4>Okay, we usually should not take this much of dismissive tone.

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<v Speaker 1>Already, but it's challenging, I mean. And the reason I

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<v Speaker 1>say it's from older two is because like the same

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<v Speaker 1>message has basically applied since humans have formed concepts surrounding

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<v Speaker 1>disease and health. It goes back to the humoral theory.

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<v Speaker 3>Right, humors, et cetera.

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<v Speaker 1>But I just yeah, yeah, so that's still getting Goodreads reviews.

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<v Speaker 1>A lot of people are still rating it has a

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<v Speaker 1>four out of five on Goodreads. I didn't look at

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<v Speaker 1>how many reviews, but as an example, yeah.

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<v Speaker 2>Oh so, okay, I'm going to take a lot of

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<v Speaker 2>deep breath. Yeah, cleansing breath, cleansing breath.

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<v Speaker 4>Yeah.

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<v Speaker 1>During this episode, we're we're on the same page.

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<v Speaker 4>Hi, I'm Aaron.

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<v Speaker 3>Welsh and I'm Aaron Allmann.

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<v Speaker 4>Update and this is this podcast will kill.

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<v Speaker 3>You Today we're detoxing.

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<v Speaker 2>Oh boy, talking about detox Yeah, what is it mean?

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<v Speaker 4>What does it mean? Does it mean the episode?

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<v Speaker 3>That's the episode?

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<v Speaker 2>Yeah, yeah, can you do it?

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<v Speaker 3>Happy New Year?

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<v Speaker 1>Yes, Happy New Year. First episode of twenty twenty six.

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<v Speaker 1>We're coming to you from the past. We're time travelers

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<v Speaker 1>here and predicting that we have all, you know, indulged

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<v Speaker 1>and eaten some delicious foods and maybe had a little

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<v Speaker 1>bit of drinks here and there, and you might be

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<v Speaker 1>feeling like you're getting a lot of ads for detox.

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<v Speaker 2>Tease and need to cleanse somehow.

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<v Speaker 1>Purifying, et cetera. Impurities.

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<v Speaker 3>So we're here to.

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<v Speaker 2>Tell you about that and whether you should or not,

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<v Speaker 2>except we won't tell you that, because again, this is.

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<v Speaker 4>Is not antical podcast.

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<v Speaker 2>But we'll tell you so you can make you up

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<v Speaker 2>your own mind.

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<v Speaker 3>I guess.

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<v Speaker 4>I am so excited for this. There is so much.

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<v Speaker 1>This took me in the very the most unexpected directions.

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<v Speaker 3>I love it when it does that.

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<v Speaker 4>Me too, me too.

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<v Speaker 1>But before we get into like everything, it's quarantiny time.

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<v Speaker 3>It's quarantiny time.

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<v Speaker 2>What are we drinking this week? We're drinking water. That's right,

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<v Speaker 2>that's right, we are drinking water. The easiest recipe so

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<v Speaker 2>far and for yourself, one of the tastiest and one

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<v Speaker 2>of the best for detalks.

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<v Speaker 1>I mean, I think we're kind of getting a little

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<v Speaker 1>bit ahead of ourselves here with the punchline being water.

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<v Speaker 1>But yeah, detox tease or not, Like, there is no

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<v Speaker 1>such thing as a detox drink that effectively will detalk

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<v Speaker 1>to you from toxins quote unquote whatever that means.

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<v Speaker 2>Quote can't wait to talk about what that means.

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<v Speaker 1>Yeah, I guess, well, thats the recipe. But like it's water,

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<v Speaker 1>it's water. So subscribe to our social media anyway, and

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<v Speaker 1>you know, we don't even have to put it on

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<v Speaker 1>our website because it's water again. But if you want

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<v Speaker 1>to go to our website anyway, you can find all

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<v Speaker 1>sorts of cool things. We've got transcripts, we've got the

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<v Speaker 1>sources for each and every.

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<v Speaker 4>One of our episodes.

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<v Speaker 1>We've got links to music by Bloodmobile, who's now on Instagram.

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<v Speaker 1>We've got links to our bookshop dot org affiliate page,

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<v Speaker 1>our Goodreads list.

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<v Speaker 4>What else do we have?

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<v Speaker 1>Oh, merch Patreon, contact us form that's now working again

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<v Speaker 1>after a spell of not sorry about that, everyone, and

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<v Speaker 1>a submit your first hand account form.

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<v Speaker 4>Good stuff.

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<v Speaker 1>Check it out.

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<v Speaker 2>I really nailed it, Aaron. Thanks, great job. Thanks well,

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<v Speaker 2>we've got a lot to cover. Indeed, now we get

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<v Speaker 2>into it.

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<v Speaker 4>We shall.

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<v Speaker 1>Let's take a quick break and start detoxing, Aaron. We're

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<v Speaker 1>gonna play a game.

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<v Speaker 3>Oh love it is you?

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<v Speaker 5>Ready?

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<v Speaker 1>Okay, it's easy, don't worry, don't sweat about it. It's

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<v Speaker 1>not It's just a little pop quiz type of game.

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<v Speaker 3>Oh, just a pop quiz.

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<v Speaker 1>Sorry, just a little bit of adrenaline rush right there. Okay,

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<v Speaker 1>I want you to guess the name of the website

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<v Speaker 1>that these blog post titles come from. Ready, does detoxing

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<v Speaker 1>really work a heavy metal detox my personal favorite. You

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<v Speaker 1>probably have a parasite. Here's what to do about it.

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<v Speaker 2>Oh okay, I'm supposed to guess what website those came from. Yeah,

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<v Speaker 2>I'm really worried that it's something that you would think

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<v Speaker 2>is legit.

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<v Speaker 3>Like, I don't know, don't.

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<v Speaker 4>Worry too much about it.

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<v Speaker 2>Okay, good, I don't know dtodiet dot com, Maaron.

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<v Speaker 1>When we think of pseudo cures and people who promote

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<v Speaker 1>the spread of pseudo cures, do you want to take

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<v Speaker 1>a is there one name.

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<v Speaker 4>That comes to mind?

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<v Speaker 3>Doctor oz God?

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<v Speaker 1>There are so many, Okay, I think that the fact that, like,

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<v Speaker 1>to me, I was like, oh, this will be like

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<v Speaker 1>an obvious answer.

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<v Speaker 2>There oh goog goopop it is goopy goop.

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<v Speaker 3>Yeah, goopy goop goopy goop.

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<v Speaker 2>Uh.

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<v Speaker 1>Yeah, there are And those are just a sampling. There's

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<v Speaker 1>there's lots more where that comes from. Those are the

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<v Speaker 1>ones that were more detox related. And by the way,

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<v Speaker 1>do you want to know about what you're supposed to

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<v Speaker 1>do for your alleged parasite?

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<v Speaker 3>Is it ivermectin It's not.

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<v Speaker 1>According to the author of that blog post quote. In

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<v Speaker 1>my experience, an eight day mono diet goat milk cleanse

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<v Speaker 1>accompanied by a specific vermifuge made of anti parasitic herbs

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<v Speaker 1>is the most successful treatment.

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<v Speaker 3>End quote for what.

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<v Speaker 4>The Fairer site that you probably have your.

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<v Speaker 2>Friendly neighborhood parasite.

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<v Speaker 1>Right, but really you're just pooping out the lining of

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<v Speaker 1>your intestines.

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<v Speaker 4>When you see that.

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<v Speaker 3>Little toilet milk mono diet.

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<v Speaker 4>It means just goat milk.

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<v Speaker 3>I can guess that.

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<v Speaker 4>I'm just saying, I know, I know, but yeah, I mean.

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<v Speaker 1>I called out Goop because they're one of the biggest

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<v Speaker 1>offenders in promoting these pseudo cures, but they are far,

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<v Speaker 1>so far, far far far from the only ones profiting

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<v Speaker 1>off of this fear mongering and snake oil. In twenty

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<v Speaker 1>twenty five, the detox products market was estimated at nearly

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<v Speaker 1>seventy billion dollars globally.

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<v Speaker 3>Just for detox detox.

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<v Speaker 1>Yeah, and over the next five years is predicted to

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<v Speaker 1>grow substantially, with a forecasted revenue of ninety five billion

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<v Speaker 1>by twenty thirty. Sounds like a lot, right, Like ninety

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<v Speaker 1>five billion.

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<v Speaker 4>Dollars is a lot.

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<v Speaker 1>That's just a tiny sliver of the global wellness industry,

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<v Speaker 1>which in twenty twenty three was estimated at six point

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<v Speaker 1>three trillion, predicted to hit eight point five trillion by

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<v Speaker 1>twenty twenty seven.

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<v Speaker 6>Wellness, Yeah, yeah.

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<v Speaker 1>What detox means or what constitutes a detox product, It's

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<v Speaker 1>not always clear cut by design. But think of you know,

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<v Speaker 1>your master cleanses, your calonics, your chlation therapies, books promoting

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<v Speaker 1>detox diets, skin care products that claim to rid you

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<v Speaker 1>of wrinkle causing toxins, whose stickers you put on the

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<v Speaker 1>bottom of your feet that are supposed to leach away

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<v Speaker 1>heavy metals from your body. I don't know, like magnet

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<v Speaker 1>bracelets and stuff, green juices and superfoods, supplements that allege

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<v Speaker 1>to eliminate harmful waste. I mean, like we could spend

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<v Speaker 1>the rest of the time just talking about the products. Yeah,

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<v Speaker 1>but what is it that these detox products, what are

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<v Speaker 1>they actually selling?

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<v Speaker 5>Yeah?

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<v Speaker 1>Right, they're not selling you ways to detox. They're not

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<v Speaker 1>selling you some you know, active ingredients. That's that's doing

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<v Speaker 1>anything at all. What they're selling you is an opportunity

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<v Speaker 1>to reinvent yourself, a sense of protection from the dangerous

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<v Speaker 1>world outside and absolution from the unwise, indulgent choices that

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<v Speaker 1>you have made. Essentially, they're selling you hope and rebirth.

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<v Speaker 1>And with this, detox products are carrying on a millennia

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<v Speaker 1>old tradition spending money on products that at the best

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<v Speaker 1>do nothing and at the worst do harm, so that

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<v Speaker 1>you can feel like you have made the optimal choice

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<v Speaker 1>for your health. Detox is such a vague term that

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<v Speaker 1>tracing its history or the history of the idea of

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<v Speaker 1>detox it's a slippery beast. But if we think about

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<v Speaker 1>a detox product as something that you know, restores the

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<v Speaker 1>body's balance or quote unquote flushes out waste or jump

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<v Speaker 1>starts your metabolism or enhances your liver's detox capacity, then

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<v Speaker 1>the history of these elixirs, purgatives, teas, diets, cleanses, enemas

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<v Speaker 1>goes back millennia. And I want to distinguish here, just

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<v Speaker 1>right off the bat, between like detox as in for

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<v Speaker 1>you know, certain drug and alcohol programs. This is like

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<v Speaker 1>we're talking about detox in the wellness industry. Yes, I know,

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<v Speaker 1>you'll talk about the difference.

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<v Speaker 2>Yeah, I will, because I do think it's a really

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<v Speaker 2>interesting part of how we view the concept of detoxification. Ye,

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<v Speaker 2>Like the way that we use that word in medicine

0:13:35.760 --> 0:13:37.840
<v Speaker 2>can mean multiple different things, and I do think that

0:13:37.840 --> 0:13:39.200
<v Speaker 2>that's such a so we'll talk a little bit more

0:13:39.200 --> 0:13:39.880
<v Speaker 2>about it later.

0:13:39.880 --> 0:13:42.080
<v Speaker 1>Right, And it has been co opted by like the

0:13:42.080 --> 0:13:49.000
<v Speaker 1>wellness industry to sell meaningless scam products. Yeah, okay, I

0:13:49.040 --> 0:13:50.800
<v Speaker 1>haven't said these words in a while, so I'm excited

0:13:50.800 --> 0:13:54.040
<v Speaker 1>I get to say them. The Ebers Papyrus, Ebers Papyrus,

0:13:54.040 --> 0:13:55.800
<v Speaker 1>I still don't know the right way to say it.

0:13:56.840 --> 0:14:02.559
<v Speaker 1>Some years later, Each in Egypt, written around fifteen fifty BCE,

0:14:03.400 --> 0:14:08.280
<v Speaker 1>describes various spositories, purgatives, anemas, and emetics, all to rid

0:14:08.320 --> 0:14:12.240
<v Speaker 1>the body of the disease causing agent. Diet and impure

0:14:12.280 --> 0:14:14.920
<v Speaker 1>foods were considered to be the primary drivers of disease,

0:14:15.000 --> 0:14:17.880
<v Speaker 1>and so these formulations were intended to basically like clean

0:14:17.920 --> 0:14:22.440
<v Speaker 1>out your guts, thus evacuating the impurities and preventing them

0:14:22.480 --> 0:14:25.960
<v Speaker 1>from reaching your bloodstream where they would cause disease. And

0:14:26.200 --> 0:14:30.600
<v Speaker 1>maybe these various you know, recipes would be administered orally

0:14:31.000 --> 0:14:34.200
<v Speaker 1>like a mixture of milk, sycamore fruit and honey which

0:14:34.280 --> 0:14:38.280
<v Speaker 1>was guaranteed to open the bowels, or they might be

0:14:38.400 --> 0:14:42.080
<v Speaker 1>delivered another way, like via a cow's horn with the

0:14:42.200 --> 0:14:43.160
<v Speaker 1>end cut off.

0:14:44.520 --> 0:14:46.160
<v Speaker 4>But stuck into your butt.

0:14:46.360 --> 0:14:53.960
<v Speaker 2>Okay, yeah, sorry, this was like I was expecting, like

0:14:54.680 --> 0:14:58.080
<v Speaker 2>an enema type, but the cow's horn really threw me off.

0:14:58.120 --> 0:15:00.560
<v Speaker 4>Oh well, that's that's the tip of the iceberg.

0:15:00.600 --> 0:15:03.760
<v Speaker 1>That's the cow's horn, tip of the iceberg.

0:15:04.240 --> 0:15:04.880
<v Speaker 3>Okay.

0:15:05.960 --> 0:15:10.360
<v Speaker 1>Bile salts and ox file were often common enema ingredients

0:15:10.400 --> 0:15:15.800
<v Speaker 1>delivered interesting this way, Yeah, hundreds of recipes. Hundreds are listed,

0:15:15.840 --> 0:15:19.240
<v Speaker 1>and the evers papyrus for medications to be administered via

0:15:19.280 --> 0:15:23.560
<v Speaker 1>the rectum. The legend goes that the ancient Egyptians invented

0:15:23.680 --> 0:15:26.960
<v Speaker 1>enemas after watching the ibis, the bird you know.

0:15:27.160 --> 0:15:31.440
<v Speaker 4>Like that that bird legs yeah, beat storky thing.

0:15:31.520 --> 0:15:40.200
<v Speaker 6>Yeah, sorry, ornithologists ibises that they, after watching the ibis,

0:15:40.320 --> 0:15:42.880
<v Speaker 6>draw up water into its beak and then insert it

0:15:42.920 --> 0:15:45.080
<v Speaker 6>into its butt to wash out decaying poop.

0:15:45.840 --> 0:15:48.360
<v Speaker 1>Ibises do not do this, like, they do not self

0:15:48.360 --> 0:15:53.400
<v Speaker 1>administer enemas. Let me just say that we clarify, but

0:15:53.560 --> 0:15:56.680
<v Speaker 1>apparently they do splash water on glands near their butts,

0:15:57.000 --> 0:16:00.160
<v Speaker 1>and so it's probably like they saw that and then.

0:16:00.160 --> 0:16:02.560
<v Speaker 2>They use their own little bidet. They've made their own

0:16:02.600 --> 0:16:03.920
<v Speaker 2>bidet exactly love it.

0:16:04.520 --> 0:16:08.080
<v Speaker 1>But also I don't know, like, is this just like

0:16:08.120 --> 0:16:10.200
<v Speaker 1>somebody ad just so story that somebody was like, oh

0:16:10.280 --> 0:16:13.000
<v Speaker 1>and then Galen was like, by the way, the Egyptians

0:16:13.880 --> 0:16:16.120
<v Speaker 1>saw the ibist doing this and that's why they thought

0:16:16.120 --> 0:16:22.520
<v Speaker 1>about enemas. So anyway, okay, but however, people came to

0:16:23.000 --> 0:16:27.640
<v Speaker 1>use animas also. Animals were widespread all over the ancient world, right, yeah, yeah, everyone,

0:16:27.880 --> 0:16:29.080
<v Speaker 1>everyone came up with animas.

0:16:29.200 --> 0:16:31.320
<v Speaker 2>Honestly, it makes sense, right, Like you've got two main

0:16:31.440 --> 0:16:33.520
<v Speaker 2>routes exactly, you're gonna.

0:16:33.360 --> 0:16:33.840
<v Speaker 3>Use them both.

0:16:33.920 --> 0:16:35.280
<v Speaker 4>You're gonna you're gonna use them both.

0:16:35.360 --> 0:16:36.160
<v Speaker 3>Yeah.

0:16:36.720 --> 0:16:41.280
<v Speaker 1>Uh. And animas were popular, very popular in ancient Egypt,

0:16:41.600 --> 0:16:45.200
<v Speaker 1>and in ancient Greece, and in ancient Rome and really

0:16:45.240 --> 0:16:52.680
<v Speaker 1>across the entire ancient world. Animas everywhere. Ancient Babylonians used animata,

0:16:52.760 --> 0:16:55.200
<v Speaker 1>which is the plural for enema or is like you

0:16:55.240 --> 0:16:57.160
<v Speaker 1>can use that one of the plural animata.

0:16:57.360 --> 0:16:57.920
<v Speaker 2>Yeah.

0:16:58.040 --> 0:17:01.960
<v Speaker 1>As early as six hundred BCE, this recipe was thought

0:17:02.000 --> 0:17:06.199
<v Speaker 1>to expel the disease causing demons from the body. Right quote,

0:17:06.600 --> 0:17:09.760
<v Speaker 1>mix rock, salt and ammonia with unmixed wine. Let him

0:17:09.760 --> 0:17:12.040
<v Speaker 1>take it without food through his mouth as well as

0:17:12.080 --> 0:17:14.399
<v Speaker 1>by his anus and sprinkle him with it and he

0:17:14.440 --> 0:17:17.440
<v Speaker 1>will recover, just covering all the bases.

0:17:17.040 --> 0:17:19.080
<v Speaker 3>There, just everywhere, everywhere.

0:17:19.800 --> 0:17:25.639
<v Speaker 1>In ancient Greece, there were literally enema doctors. Later clusters

0:17:25.880 --> 0:17:28.800
<v Speaker 1>clisters was the much more common word used until the

0:17:28.880 --> 0:17:31.960
<v Speaker 1>nineteenth century, but it was not specific to the rectum.

0:17:32.000 --> 0:17:35.560
<v Speaker 1>It was also like included vaginal douches and like bladder

0:17:35.680 --> 0:17:41.359
<v Speaker 1>levage and stuff like that. Hippocrates and Galen loved animata

0:17:42.400 --> 0:17:45.800
<v Speaker 1>and also enema comes from the word the Latin from

0:17:46.160 --> 0:17:49.960
<v Speaker 1>meaning throw it in, throw it in, just toss.

0:17:49.720 --> 0:17:50.720
<v Speaker 3>It in there, toss it in.

0:17:52.000 --> 0:17:55.479
<v Speaker 1>They were used as a standalone like just just to

0:17:55.520 --> 0:17:57.680
<v Speaker 1>like clean it out, kind of like you're just purging, right,

0:17:57.920 --> 0:18:02.280
<v Speaker 1>or to administer medicines. Some physicians opted for straight up

0:18:02.320 --> 0:18:05.719
<v Speaker 1>water or saline, while others preferred a more complex mixture

0:18:05.800 --> 0:18:08.560
<v Speaker 1>with like oil and honey and milk and other ingredients.

0:18:09.160 --> 0:18:12.600
<v Speaker 1>Biles bile was a really common ingredient from various animals

0:18:12.960 --> 0:18:17.080
<v Speaker 1>from ancient China. Quote secure a large pigs bile and

0:18:17.160 --> 0:18:20.480
<v Speaker 1>mix with a small quantity of vinegar. Insert a bamboo

0:18:20.520 --> 0:18:22.919
<v Speaker 1>tube three or four inches long into the rectum and

0:18:23.000 --> 0:18:28.359
<v Speaker 1>insert the mixture. End quote Yeah well, yeah, yeah, don't

0:18:28.359 --> 0:18:30.560
<v Speaker 1>really know what bile will do up there?

0:18:30.880 --> 0:18:34.200
<v Speaker 2>A large A large pigs bile is also an interesting

0:18:34.960 --> 0:18:36.480
<v Speaker 2>like what does that mean exactly?

0:18:36.600 --> 0:18:39.440
<v Speaker 1>Oh, like the bile from a large pig. Oh, that's

0:18:39.600 --> 0:18:40.560
<v Speaker 1>just my interpretation.

0:18:40.840 --> 0:18:47.560
<v Speaker 2>That might have been my battery, a large pigs bio.

0:18:47.720 --> 0:18:48.000
<v Speaker 5>Got it?

0:18:48.040 --> 0:18:48.480
<v Speaker 2>Got it?

0:18:48.560 --> 0:18:51.520
<v Speaker 4>Okay, that's my bad.

0:18:55.440 --> 0:18:59.240
<v Speaker 1>The reverence that these physicians held for enemas is evident

0:18:59.240 --> 0:19:01.800
<v Speaker 1>in the way that they about them. There are entire

0:19:01.920 --> 0:19:06.240
<v Speaker 1>books or chapters dedicated to their use. Who they recommended

0:19:06.320 --> 0:19:09.719
<v Speaker 1>receive an enema like this was everyone unless you were

0:19:09.720 --> 0:19:11.840
<v Speaker 1>already had a fever, in which case like maybe lay

0:19:11.840 --> 0:19:17.040
<v Speaker 1>off the anima. But everyone anemas for everyone, for all.

0:19:17.160 --> 0:19:18.920
<v Speaker 4>And then what they thought animas.

0:19:18.520 --> 0:19:23.440
<v Speaker 1>Could cure everything again everything animals for every one and everything.

0:19:24.040 --> 0:19:28.879
<v Speaker 1>You know, there's kidney stones, gout, jaundice, weight gain, malaria, indigestion,

0:19:29.040 --> 0:19:32.560
<v Speaker 1>I mean, you name it. Animals were really just another

0:19:32.720 --> 0:19:36.560
<v Speaker 1>very popular tool in the toolbox of humoral medicine, whereby

0:19:36.640 --> 0:19:40.200
<v Speaker 1>a build up of some substance was at the root

0:19:40.560 --> 0:19:43.760
<v Speaker 1>of disease. R. Galen in the second century A. D.

0:19:44.160 --> 0:19:48.359
<v Speaker 1>Basically described it as like every organ in your body

0:19:48.359 --> 0:19:51.640
<v Speaker 1>produces waste products that need to be fully eliminated, otherwise

0:19:51.800 --> 0:19:52.960
<v Speaker 1>they will cause disease.

0:19:53.440 --> 0:19:57.480
<v Speaker 2>Yeah, and they apparently cannot do it themselves, so we must.

0:19:57.320 --> 0:19:59.280
<v Speaker 4>And we must do something.

0:19:59.320 --> 0:20:00.560
<v Speaker 3>We must action.

0:20:00.880 --> 0:20:05.040
<v Speaker 1>Yeah, Okay, And so this idea over the years kind

0:20:05.080 --> 0:20:07.240
<v Speaker 1>of changed a little bit here and there, but it's

0:20:07.560 --> 0:20:12.240
<v Speaker 1>very similar to this idea called autointoxication or intestinal auto intoxication,

0:20:12.400 --> 0:20:15.600
<v Speaker 1>whereby like it's in these toxins are coming from inside you.

0:20:15.920 --> 0:20:20.960
<v Speaker 1>The call is from coming from inside the house. The

0:20:20.960 --> 0:20:24.879
<v Speaker 1>Persian physician Avicenna from the eleventh century CEE also endorsed

0:20:24.920 --> 0:20:28.280
<v Speaker 1>enemas for this purpose. Quote the anima is an excellent

0:20:28.280 --> 0:20:31.480
<v Speaker 1>agent for getting rid of the superfluities of the intestinal tract,

0:20:31.480 --> 0:20:34.320
<v Speaker 1>as well as for allaying pains over the kidneys and bladder,

0:20:34.560 --> 0:20:37.680
<v Speaker 1>and for relieving inflammatory conditions of these organs, and also

0:20:37.720 --> 0:20:40.680
<v Speaker 1>for relieving pain and for drawing superfluities from the vital

0:20:40.760 --> 0:20:41.240
<v Speaker 1>organs of the.

0:20:41.280 --> 0:20:45.600
<v Speaker 4>Upper parts of the body. Everything, everything, everything.

0:20:47.080 --> 0:20:49.920
<v Speaker 1>This idea of autointoxication is actually a really interesting one,

0:20:50.000 --> 0:20:52.400
<v Speaker 1>not just because of like how long it lingered in

0:20:52.640 --> 0:20:56.879
<v Speaker 1>medical you know, the medical realm, but also for the

0:20:56.880 --> 0:20:59.680
<v Speaker 1>fact that there might be some truth to it based

0:20:59.680 --> 0:21:05.360
<v Speaker 1>in like our gut, brain microbiome axis and like there

0:21:05.400 --> 0:21:09.120
<v Speaker 1>are some dyspiosis that actually can cause major issues, blah

0:21:09.160 --> 0:21:09.760
<v Speaker 1>blah blah.

0:21:09.800 --> 0:21:11.680
<v Speaker 2>And that's kind of all part of the same idea

0:21:11.720 --> 0:21:14.440
<v Speaker 2>that like, sometimes things are off balance in our own bodies.

0:21:14.520 --> 0:21:16.680
<v Speaker 3>Yes, yes, yeah, yeah, yeah right.

0:21:17.680 --> 0:21:20.920
<v Speaker 1>But I also find this idea so fascinating because it, yeah,

0:21:20.920 --> 0:21:25.000
<v Speaker 1>it sounds exactly like or very similar to the ads

0:21:25.040 --> 0:21:26.520
<v Speaker 1>for detox teas.

0:21:26.600 --> 0:21:28.960
<v Speaker 4>Just replace enema with cleansing.

0:21:28.560 --> 0:21:31.480
<v Speaker 1>Tea, right, like, this will restore the balance, This will

0:21:31.480 --> 0:21:33.719
<v Speaker 1>get rid of those impurities that have built up in

0:21:33.760 --> 0:21:39.000
<v Speaker 1>your body. And I did not plan to take us

0:21:39.080 --> 0:21:44.440
<v Speaker 1>down through the history of enema of an Amata'.

0:21:43.200 --> 0:21:45.640
<v Speaker 2>So thrilled that you did, though me too.

0:21:45.760 --> 0:21:50.159
<v Speaker 4>There are such so much fodder. It's incredible, it's incredible.

0:21:50.359 --> 0:21:52.719
<v Speaker 1>But I think that, like, first of all, enema's were

0:21:52.760 --> 0:21:57.960
<v Speaker 1>not the only tools out there, right, there was bleeding, purgatives, emetics, saunas,

0:21:58.000 --> 0:22:01.920
<v Speaker 1>fasting water, meditation, rbs, like everything. So many different cultures

0:22:02.280 --> 0:22:06.800
<v Speaker 1>practice many different methods to rid the body of what

0:22:06.840 --> 0:22:10.120
<v Speaker 1>they perceived to be impurities and whatever that meant. Sometimes

0:22:10.119 --> 0:22:12.479
<v Speaker 1>it didn't involve any physiological thing at all. It was

0:22:12.520 --> 0:22:18.600
<v Speaker 1>just like meditation, right, impure thoughts, impure thoughts, Graham and

0:22:18.680 --> 0:22:22.560
<v Speaker 1>Kellogg and all that. But but I think that animas

0:22:22.560 --> 0:22:26.399
<v Speaker 1>really stood out to me because of the language used

0:22:26.560 --> 0:22:28.200
<v Speaker 1>to describe, you know, what they do.

0:22:28.480 --> 0:22:32.240
<v Speaker 2>Very specific of like the build up, the impure, the

0:22:32.840 --> 0:22:35.480
<v Speaker 2>right toxins or the like.

0:22:35.720 --> 0:22:39.920
<v Speaker 1>Yeah it's yeah and like interesting, the vague explanations as

0:22:39.960 --> 0:22:43.000
<v Speaker 1>to why they do what they do, what they're actually doing,

0:22:43.040 --> 0:22:47.240
<v Speaker 1>who should have it? Everyone again and yeah, and it's

0:22:47.320 --> 0:22:52.320
<v Speaker 1>just like also fun. So anyway, they were incredibly popular.

0:22:52.440 --> 0:22:56.960
<v Speaker 1>So these animata, you're like, Okay, cow's horn that threw

0:22:57.000 --> 0:22:59.720
<v Speaker 1>me off. Yeah, that's the least of it, all right,

0:23:01.240 --> 0:23:04.840
<v Speaker 1>All shapes and sizes, all different delivery systems, made up

0:23:04.840 --> 0:23:08.600
<v Speaker 1>of all kinds of materials, from cane stalks to bamboo,

0:23:09.080 --> 0:23:12.800
<v Speaker 1>cow horn of course, ivory, the syringe, like how do

0:23:12.800 --> 0:23:16.000
<v Speaker 1>you deliver the water might be made from the scrotum

0:23:16.040 --> 0:23:19.320
<v Speaker 1>of a deer, goat or ox might be made of leather, hide,

0:23:19.440 --> 0:23:23.280
<v Speaker 1>pigs bladder, or delivered directly via mouth through the tube

0:23:23.359 --> 0:23:26.080
<v Speaker 1>like you would just have an assistant to help you

0:23:26.119 --> 0:23:30.119
<v Speaker 1>with that. In later centuries, especially with the invention of

0:23:30.160 --> 0:23:34.480
<v Speaker 1>the volcanization of rubber, metal and rubber, replaced these metals.

0:23:35.480 --> 0:23:38.080
<v Speaker 2>Side note, I don't think I knew that cow's horns

0:23:38.080 --> 0:23:38.639
<v Speaker 2>were hollow.

0:23:39.600 --> 0:23:39.840
<v Speaker 4>Yeah.

0:23:39.840 --> 0:23:43.120
<v Speaker 1>I used to have one that I got in North

0:23:43.200 --> 0:23:45.280
<v Speaker 1>Carolina when I was a child, and I loved it

0:23:45.480 --> 0:23:47.440
<v Speaker 1>so much. I got it like one of those little

0:23:47.440 --> 0:23:49.960
<v Speaker 1>tourist shops and you would blow like you could make

0:23:50.000 --> 0:23:50.879
<v Speaker 1>a horn noise, like.

0:23:51.880 --> 0:23:53.600
<v Speaker 3>Yeah, I don't think I knew that.

0:23:53.680 --> 0:23:58.000
<v Speaker 2>If I haven't spent enough time around horns, I guess.

0:24:00.240 --> 0:24:04.320
<v Speaker 1>To carry around if it were. Yeah, yeah, So there

0:24:04.359 --> 0:24:09.359
<v Speaker 1>you go, instant enema. Yeah yeah, but so okay, the

0:24:09.760 --> 0:24:11.879
<v Speaker 1>popularity of animas, right, I'm skipping over a lot of

0:24:11.960 --> 0:24:14.360
<v Speaker 1>history here. There's okay, we could do a whole episode

0:24:14.400 --> 0:24:16.840
<v Speaker 1>on enemas. In fact, I held some back in case

0:24:16.880 --> 0:24:17.840
<v Speaker 1>we do a whole episodes.

0:24:18.040 --> 0:24:18.280
<v Speaker 7>We do.

0:24:18.440 --> 0:24:23.919
<v Speaker 1>Yeah, but yeah, I mean they were pretty much quite

0:24:24.040 --> 0:24:30.119
<v Speaker 1>popular from ancient times and to the seventeenth eighteenth centuries,

0:24:30.200 --> 0:24:33.720
<v Speaker 1>and then they weren't just like popular, they were the rage,

0:24:34.200 --> 0:24:38.600
<v Speaker 1>like all the rage. So whereas the for instance, whereas

0:24:38.600 --> 0:24:42.960
<v Speaker 1>the fourteenth century English surgeon John of Varden recommended that

0:24:42.960 --> 0:24:45.359
<v Speaker 1>everyone use an enema three to four times a year,

0:24:45.800 --> 0:24:49.760
<v Speaker 1>even if you were healthy, by the eighteenth century early

0:24:49.800 --> 0:24:54.080
<v Speaker 1>eighteenth century Parisian socialites were taking them three to four

0:24:54.160 --> 0:24:59.600
<v Speaker 1>times a day. What what indeed, yes, three to four time.

0:25:00.960 --> 0:25:05.600
<v Speaker 2>Yeah, oh yeah, I can think of a lot of

0:25:05.600 --> 0:25:09.200
<v Speaker 2>ways that could go wrong. Oh there it did, Yeah

0:25:09.240 --> 0:25:09.560
<v Speaker 2>it did.

0:25:09.680 --> 0:25:10.879
<v Speaker 4>Yeah. Okay.

0:25:10.920 --> 0:25:13.560
<v Speaker 1>So for this is from a nineteen eighty five paper

0:25:13.600 --> 0:25:18.760
<v Speaker 1>on the history of enema's quote, oh.

0:25:18.080 --> 0:25:19.920
<v Speaker 4>I went deep down the rabbit hole erin.

0:25:22.359 --> 0:25:22.399
<v Speaker 8>Me?

0:25:22.520 --> 0:25:22.879
<v Speaker 3>Okay.

0:25:23.359 --> 0:25:26.440
<v Speaker 1>Quote It became customary in France to take an enema

0:25:26.520 --> 0:25:29.919
<v Speaker 1>after dinner, and a lady was considered indelicate if it

0:25:29.920 --> 0:25:32.679
<v Speaker 1>were known that she had omitted the practice.

0:25:32.960 --> 0:25:34.240
<v Speaker 5>End quote.

0:25:34.960 --> 0:25:36.560
<v Speaker 4>The goal like why were.

0:25:36.440 --> 0:25:42.680
<v Speaker 1>People taking so many animas purification whatever that meant purification?

0:25:43.400 --> 0:25:46.199
<v Speaker 2>They weren't just like all constipated and they like needed

0:25:46.760 --> 0:25:47.400
<v Speaker 2>I mean, I.

0:25:47.320 --> 0:25:49.199
<v Speaker 4>Don't know, Like it's so hard to know.

0:25:50.400 --> 0:25:55.040
<v Speaker 1>Constipation was a preoccupation, has been a preoccupation of humans forever.

0:25:55.560 --> 0:25:57.000
<v Speaker 1>It was the root of a lot of It was

0:25:57.040 --> 0:25:57.680
<v Speaker 1>a lot of fear.

0:25:58.560 --> 0:25:59.920
<v Speaker 3>It's the bill, ump, it's the bill.

0:26:00.320 --> 0:26:00.600
<v Speaker 2>Yeah.

0:26:00.640 --> 0:26:02.840
<v Speaker 1>It was like, what's happening to that poop that's stuck

0:26:02.880 --> 0:26:05.720
<v Speaker 1>in my body? It's releasing all these toxins. That's why

0:26:05.760 --> 0:26:08.439
<v Speaker 1>I'm getting tuberculosis. Like that was sort of the a

0:26:08.560 --> 0:26:12.679
<v Speaker 1>to b Okay. Yeah, Louis the eleventh, who reigned in

0:26:12.720 --> 0:26:15.280
<v Speaker 1>the fifteenth century, was a big fan of anemas and

0:26:15.320 --> 0:26:18.560
<v Speaker 1>even ordered them for his pet dogs on occasion. Yeah,

0:26:18.840 --> 0:26:22.000
<v Speaker 1>and he wasn't the only French monarch with a thing

0:26:22.040 --> 0:26:24.720
<v Speaker 1>for anemas. And also, like I just I'm sorry in advance,

0:26:25.000 --> 0:26:27.879
<v Speaker 1>the papers that I read really highlighted the use of

0:26:27.960 --> 0:26:30.159
<v Speaker 1>anemas in France. I don't know if there were like

0:26:30.200 --> 0:26:32.919
<v Speaker 1>a couple of major academic papers that came out, so

0:26:33.080 --> 0:26:35.720
<v Speaker 1>a lot of these examples come from France. Oh, hey,

0:26:36.200 --> 0:26:39.359
<v Speaker 1>you know Louis the fourteenth so it was king during

0:26:39.560 --> 0:26:45.040
<v Speaker 1>the seventeenth and early eighteenth centuries received over his reign

0:26:45.240 --> 0:26:49.680
<v Speaker 1>over two thousand enemas and reportedly would receive visitors while

0:26:49.720 --> 0:26:50.440
<v Speaker 1>getting one.

0:26:51.040 --> 0:26:53.000
<v Speaker 2>I mean they'd take a while sometimes, I.

0:26:52.960 --> 0:26:55.320
<v Speaker 1>Was going to say, with two thousand animas, like yeah,

0:26:55.359 --> 0:26:57.320
<v Speaker 1>you got to match a task at that pin stuff.

0:26:57.119 --> 0:26:59.560
<v Speaker 4>To do right, right, get that business gun.

0:27:00.080 --> 0:27:02.040
<v Speaker 2>Yeah.

0:27:02.080 --> 0:27:06.120
<v Speaker 1>They were so commonplace enemas that they appeared in literature

0:27:06.240 --> 0:27:10.320
<v Speaker 1>like the Shakespeare even mentiones enemas, and they also appeared

0:27:10.320 --> 0:27:15.520
<v Speaker 1>in art and like naughty art. The recipes for enemas

0:27:16.000 --> 0:27:19.600
<v Speaker 1>or anema liquid grew more inventive. Sometimes it was scented

0:27:19.640 --> 0:27:23.359
<v Speaker 1>with pleasing odors like rose or orange, or tinted with

0:27:23.480 --> 0:27:27.000
<v Speaker 1>nice colors to give it more visual appeal. And it

0:27:27.040 --> 0:27:30.880
<v Speaker 1>wasn't just the liquid that people experimented with, the delivery

0:27:30.920 --> 0:27:35.200
<v Speaker 1>system was also up for improvement, like the cleister chair.

0:27:35.960 --> 0:27:37.080
<v Speaker 4>What is a cleister chair?

0:27:37.359 --> 0:27:40.119
<v Speaker 3>Please tell me quote a bench.

0:27:39.960 --> 0:27:43.040
<v Speaker 1>Like piece of furniture with a rectal nozzle sticking upright

0:27:43.080 --> 0:27:45.600
<v Speaker 1>in the middle. The user sat on the nozzle while

0:27:45.600 --> 0:27:51.480
<v Speaker 1>pumping a handle up and down to inject the anima. Okay, okay, yeah,

0:27:52.040 --> 0:27:56.520
<v Speaker 1>it gets better. Because there was also something called the fumigator.

0:27:59.000 --> 0:28:01.160
<v Speaker 3>Please tell me about the I will.

0:28:01.000 --> 0:28:04.800
<v Speaker 1>I will, I cannot wait. The fumigator was a metal

0:28:04.800 --> 0:28:09.280
<v Speaker 1>canister filled with burning tobacco. Right, You got the metal

0:28:09.280 --> 0:28:12.880
<v Speaker 1>canister burning tobacco in the middle, two tubes attached to it.

0:28:13.280 --> 0:28:16.240
<v Speaker 1>One tube went up your butt and the other into

0:28:16.280 --> 0:28:22.080
<v Speaker 1>an assistant's mouth to blow smoke up your butt. So

0:28:22.160 --> 0:28:25.520
<v Speaker 1>you know that that's saying, that's saying, that's what it's from.

0:28:25.800 --> 0:28:35.760
<v Speaker 3>That's what it's from. What did they think that this did?

0:28:35.800 --> 0:28:38.400
<v Speaker 2>I mean, aside from like a new way to enjoy

0:28:38.440 --> 0:28:39.200
<v Speaker 2>your tobacco?

0:28:39.720 --> 0:28:44.800
<v Speaker 1>I have to imagine that first of all, they thought

0:28:44.840 --> 0:28:47.480
<v Speaker 1>it did everything, and then there were people who were

0:28:47.520 --> 0:28:49.960
<v Speaker 1>like obviously like I think that some of the plays

0:28:50.000 --> 0:28:54.760
<v Speaker 1>from France were especially like like making fun of this

0:28:54.920 --> 0:28:59.479
<v Speaker 1>widespread faith in animata, being like they don't actually do anything.

0:28:59.600 --> 0:29:02.240
<v Speaker 1>So I think the phrase blowing like don't blow smoke

0:29:02.320 --> 0:29:05.680
<v Speaker 1>up my butt, that's what this is from. Is this like, okay,

0:29:05.760 --> 0:29:07.600
<v Speaker 1>you're failing to deliver on your promise.

0:29:12.920 --> 0:29:16.280
<v Speaker 2>Oh that's so fascinating, Aaron, I know. And they were

0:29:16.320 --> 0:29:19.520
<v Speaker 2>all used for like so called medical purposes, because I

0:29:19.560 --> 0:29:22.360
<v Speaker 2>feel like I could also see these being used for

0:29:22.480 --> 0:29:23.400
<v Speaker 2>pleasure reasons.

0:29:23.600 --> 0:29:26.080
<v Speaker 4>They were elusively, they were also hence the naughty art.

0:29:26.160 --> 0:29:29.560
<v Speaker 2>Yeah yeah, okay, yeah, but that's like makes more sense

0:29:29.640 --> 0:29:30.280
<v Speaker 2>than just like.

0:29:30.360 --> 0:29:34.680
<v Speaker 1>You know, this was like very very much medical medical

0:29:34.800 --> 0:29:40.080
<v Speaker 1>okay right. The fumigator was thought to be especially helpful

0:29:40.120 --> 0:29:42.760
<v Speaker 1>to resuscitate the drowned or the nearly drowned.

0:29:43.160 --> 0:29:45.280
<v Speaker 3>Oh dear, okay yep.

0:29:46.320 --> 0:29:50.360
<v Speaker 1>Then there was Kellogg as you know, as in Kellogg Cereal,

0:29:50.440 --> 0:29:54.200
<v Speaker 1>Kellog Cereal pure oxygen enema.

0:29:55.200 --> 0:29:57.640
<v Speaker 2>Do you know? Erin When I was on the tram

0:29:57.720 --> 0:30:02.000
<v Speaker 2>recently in Denver, I saw ads for home oxygen canisters

0:30:02.000 --> 0:30:03.560
<v Speaker 2>that you can just have at home.

0:30:03.760 --> 0:30:06.080
<v Speaker 3>Yeah, wow, you could use it for an enema.

0:30:06.120 --> 0:30:07.320
<v Speaker 4>Now, well I don't.

0:30:07.360 --> 0:30:10.080
<v Speaker 3>I don't back in the day, Yeah, sorry, don't.

0:30:09.920 --> 0:30:12.040
<v Speaker 4>Think I should. Definitely don't think you should.

0:30:12.200 --> 0:30:13.480
<v Speaker 5>Yeah.

0:30:13.280 --> 0:30:15.400
<v Speaker 1>Uh. And I do think it's really interesting, like the

0:30:15.480 --> 0:30:18.800
<v Speaker 1>parallel between you know, just thinking about these kind of

0:30:18.840 --> 0:30:19.320
<v Speaker 1>like what were.

0:30:19.240 --> 0:30:20.480
<v Speaker 4>They used for? Everything?

0:30:20.680 --> 0:30:20.840
<v Speaker 8>Right?

0:30:20.960 --> 0:30:22.280
<v Speaker 3>Yeah, havebit, just have it.

0:30:22.240 --> 0:30:25.640
<v Speaker 4>There, healthy, sick, whatever. This is what you need.

0:30:25.760 --> 0:30:30.040
<v Speaker 1>This is what you need, and just like today, women

0:30:30.360 --> 0:30:35.080
<v Speaker 1>in the nineteenth century were specifically targeted with advertisements for enemas.

0:30:35.240 --> 0:30:37.880
<v Speaker 1>Interesting the prevailing belief that was that women were more

0:30:37.920 --> 0:30:42.400
<v Speaker 1>susceptible to constipation and thus more susceptible to toxins than men,

0:30:42.560 --> 0:30:45.840
<v Speaker 1>and so some doctors recommended daily enemas in conjunction with

0:30:45.960 --> 0:30:51.640
<v Speaker 1>leeches and castor oil for quote rheumatism, asthma, epilepsy, hysteria,

0:30:51.800 --> 0:30:57.240
<v Speaker 1>ulcerated sore throat convulsions, and influenza.

0:30:57.760 --> 0:30:59.120
<v Speaker 4>Yeah.

0:30:59.160 --> 0:31:01.840
<v Speaker 1>I mean they were so out of control popular that

0:31:01.880 --> 0:31:05.360
<v Speaker 1>in some countries laws had to be instituted restricting their

0:31:05.400 --> 0:31:08.800
<v Speaker 1>administration to be done by doctors alone, because too many

0:31:08.800 --> 0:31:13.160
<v Speaker 1>pharmacits apparently were getting their hands in the anima game and.

0:31:13.120 --> 0:31:17.640
<v Speaker 2>People were getting hurt, I presume, Yeah, yeah, okay, it's

0:31:17.800 --> 0:31:18.120
<v Speaker 2>just a.

0:31:18.120 --> 0:31:21.440
<v Speaker 4>Givenes, it's a given. It has absolutely happened.

0:31:21.720 --> 0:31:40.200
<v Speaker 5>Yeah, okay.

0:31:40.320 --> 0:31:43.920
<v Speaker 1>The number of like patented anima delivery systems from the

0:31:44.000 --> 0:31:47.520
<v Speaker 1>eighteenth and nineteenth centuries is truly outrageous. Like I was,

0:31:47.600 --> 0:31:50.120
<v Speaker 1>I was working on this on all of our recent travel,

0:31:50.200 --> 0:31:52.520
<v Speaker 1>like on airplanes, and I kept having to like shield

0:31:52.560 --> 0:31:55.640
<v Speaker 1>my screen or like turn down the brightness that people

0:31:55.680 --> 0:31:58.920
<v Speaker 1>wouldn't see it. As me scrolling past these illustrations of

0:31:59.080 --> 0:32:01.000
<v Speaker 1>enemas over and over and over again.

0:32:01.720 --> 0:32:05.160
<v Speaker 2>Yeah, I love imagining the people sitting next to you, ye,

0:32:05.440 --> 0:32:07.640
<v Speaker 2>like what is she doing working.

0:32:07.400 --> 0:32:11.480
<v Speaker 1>On Probably no one even looked at all. But eventually,

0:32:11.560 --> 0:32:13.960
<v Speaker 1>as with all things, of course, enema's fell out of

0:32:14.000 --> 0:32:17.440
<v Speaker 1>style as patent medicines and no stroms took over things

0:32:17.480 --> 0:32:20.560
<v Speaker 1>that you could swallow rather than having to administer through

0:32:20.600 --> 0:32:24.000
<v Speaker 1>your butt. While the delivery system changed for a lot

0:32:24.040 --> 0:32:29.840
<v Speaker 1>of these, like you know, detoxification purification recipes, the claims

0:32:29.960 --> 0:32:34.760
<v Speaker 1>and vague medical language did not. Okay, so Brandreth's universal

0:32:34.840 --> 0:32:38.760
<v Speaker 1>vegetable pills from the late eighteen hundreds asked, quote, what

0:32:38.960 --> 0:32:42.080
<v Speaker 1>is it that causes this poor abject wretch, to look

0:32:42.240 --> 0:32:46.280
<v Speaker 1>so downcast that eggs him to desperation, and that takes

0:32:46.320 --> 0:32:49.560
<v Speaker 1>away all the joy and happiness of this life.

0:32:49.800 --> 0:32:50.440
<v Speaker 4>End quote.

0:32:50.680 --> 0:32:54.400
<v Speaker 1>The answer quote, In nine cases out of ten, it

0:32:54.480 --> 0:32:56.680
<v Speaker 1>is simply the result of a disordered liver.

0:32:57.720 --> 0:32:58.240
<v Speaker 4>End quote.

0:32:58.760 --> 0:33:03.600
<v Speaker 9>These pills really the body reorder your liver, right, they reorder,

0:33:03.720 --> 0:33:07.080
<v Speaker 9>so they rid the body of quote evil forces that

0:33:07.160 --> 0:33:09.880
<v Speaker 9>might upset the digestion and render the blood impure.

0:33:10.880 --> 0:33:13.120
<v Speaker 3>And can you remind me the year that was? The

0:33:13.200 --> 0:33:15.320
<v Speaker 3>late eighteen hundreds, late eighteen hundreds.

0:33:15.360 --> 0:33:18.160
<v Speaker 2>Okay, so they at that time this is interesting in

0:33:18.200 --> 0:33:22.960
<v Speaker 2>the context of how our bodies actually detoxify. They were

0:33:23.240 --> 0:33:26.040
<v Speaker 2>pinpointing the liver even all the way back then.

0:33:26.200 --> 0:33:27.560
<v Speaker 4>I mean, it's a good yeah.

0:33:27.600 --> 0:33:33.600
<v Speaker 1>I don't know when the functionality of the liver was clear, Okay,

0:33:33.640 --> 0:33:34.760
<v Speaker 1>when people were working on.

0:33:34.720 --> 0:33:36.400
<v Speaker 2>It, at least at that time, they were like, you

0:33:36.440 --> 0:33:41.000
<v Speaker 2>need to purify your liver. We can with our product

0:33:42.120 --> 0:33:43.400
<v Speaker 2>enhance the function of your liver.

0:33:43.480 --> 0:33:43.760
<v Speaker 3>Okay.

0:33:43.800 --> 0:33:47.560
<v Speaker 1>I love this, ye fun, but it also sounds like that.

0:33:47.640 --> 0:33:49.360
<v Speaker 1>So I just read you that ad and you have

0:33:49.440 --> 0:33:51.040
<v Speaker 1>that in your mind, and I'm going to read you

0:33:51.560 --> 0:33:55.240
<v Speaker 1>and like the claims from a cleansed t from twenty

0:33:55.320 --> 0:33:55.880
<v Speaker 1>twenty three.

0:33:56.360 --> 0:33:57.280
<v Speaker 3>Yes, give it to me.

0:33:57.480 --> 0:34:01.280
<v Speaker 1>Quote, had too much of a good thing, feeling out

0:34:01.280 --> 0:34:04.280
<v Speaker 1>of balance, a bit heavy or puffy. Then it's time

0:34:04.320 --> 0:34:08.880
<v Speaker 1>to get clean. The ingredients. Cleansing properties encourage healthy digestion

0:34:09.120 --> 0:34:10.920
<v Speaker 1>and help to keep the kidneys flushed.

0:34:11.360 --> 0:34:11.920
<v Speaker 7>End quote.

0:34:12.400 --> 0:34:14.400
<v Speaker 4>It's the same.

0:34:14.640 --> 0:34:17.320
<v Speaker 2>It's the exact same. We're gonna say kidneys this time.

0:34:17.719 --> 0:34:18.719
<v Speaker 2>Liver's overdone.

0:34:18.719 --> 0:34:21.440
<v Speaker 1>Now let's just get a little bit of a specific

0:34:21.600 --> 0:34:25.160
<v Speaker 1>organ though in there, to kind of add some scientific credibility.

0:34:25.480 --> 0:34:25.760
<v Speaker 3>Yeah.

0:34:26.600 --> 0:34:30.279
<v Speaker 1>Right, So there's like the vague claims about toxins and

0:34:30.360 --> 0:34:33.680
<v Speaker 1>or physiological upset check a promise that all parts of

0:34:33.719 --> 0:34:35.719
<v Speaker 1>your life will improve if you just take this pill.

0:34:35.760 --> 0:34:37.800
<v Speaker 4>Tea cleanse enema check check.

0:34:38.400 --> 0:34:42.360
<v Speaker 1>No substantive information about active ingredients, mechanism, concentrations, et cetera.

0:34:42.719 --> 0:34:49.720
<v Speaker 1>Checheck not subject to mandatory safety testing checheck. It's true

0:34:49.800 --> 0:34:53.600
<v Speaker 1>that the twenty twenty three tea is required to disclose ingredients,

0:34:53.800 --> 0:34:57.920
<v Speaker 1>unlike Brandreth's Universal Vegetable pills, but that tea does not

0:34:58.120 --> 0:35:02.040
<v Speaker 1>have to state and basically undo today how much of

0:35:02.120 --> 0:35:05.680
<v Speaker 1>each ingredient is present, or they don't. They also don't

0:35:05.680 --> 0:35:08.320
<v Speaker 1>have to establish a safe limit for those ingredients.

0:35:08.560 --> 0:35:11.360
<v Speaker 2>Nor do they have to provide any efficacy data whatsoever.

0:35:11.719 --> 0:35:14.040
<v Speaker 3>Nope, none, none.

0:35:14.920 --> 0:35:18.239
<v Speaker 1>Long story short, the detox tees and cleanse supplements of

0:35:18.280 --> 0:35:22.440
<v Speaker 1>today are essentially the enemas of the past or vegetable

0:35:22.480 --> 0:35:25.960
<v Speaker 1>pills of the past, just with updated language. It's less

0:35:26.160 --> 0:35:29.719
<v Speaker 1>rid thyself of impurities and more flush out those yucky toxins.

0:35:30.000 --> 0:35:31.680
<v Speaker 3>Oh, you're so puffy.

0:35:35.000 --> 0:35:37.520
<v Speaker 1>By the end of the nineteenth century, this idea of

0:35:37.640 --> 0:35:40.279
<v Speaker 1>toxins causing a vast array of diseases. It took on

0:35:40.320 --> 0:35:43.800
<v Speaker 1>a more scientific tone as some physicians formed this idea

0:35:43.920 --> 0:35:47.960
<v Speaker 1>or like formalized this idea autointoxication, which I referred to earlier,

0:35:48.360 --> 0:35:51.640
<v Speaker 1>where it was believed that the bacteria in your retained

0:35:51.719 --> 0:35:54.720
<v Speaker 1>poop led to a buildup of toxins and ultimately disease.

0:35:55.160 --> 0:35:58.000
<v Speaker 1>So this kind of married this new concept of germ

0:35:58.040 --> 0:36:01.960
<v Speaker 1>theory with the ancient, deeply held, old innate belief that

0:36:02.080 --> 0:36:05.280
<v Speaker 1>poisonous substances from the food we eat, from the water

0:36:05.360 --> 0:36:08.400
<v Speaker 1>we drink, from the air we breathe, even from within,

0:36:08.840 --> 0:36:12.160
<v Speaker 1>are at the root of all of our illnesses. A

0:36:12.280 --> 0:36:16.480
<v Speaker 1>leading proponent of autointoxication wrote in eighteen eighty seven quote.

0:36:16.719 --> 0:36:19.439
<v Speaker 1>I have said that the organism in its normal as

0:36:19.440 --> 0:36:23.719
<v Speaker 1>in its pathological state, is a receptacle and laboratory of poisons.

0:36:24.360 --> 0:36:27.920
<v Speaker 1>Man is, in this way, constantly living under the chance

0:36:27.960 --> 0:36:31.920
<v Speaker 1>of being poisoned. He is always working toward his own destruction.

0:36:34.280 --> 0:36:39.040
<v Speaker 2>That's so interesting, Aaron, I know. I mean because it's

0:36:39.120 --> 0:36:41.920
<v Speaker 2>not like wrong, like we are.

0:36:42.440 --> 0:36:43.960
<v Speaker 3>We are constantly.

0:36:43.520 --> 0:36:47.680
<v Speaker 2>Exposed to toxins. We are, and to toxic substances and

0:36:47.719 --> 0:36:50.000
<v Speaker 2>to things that can cause cell damage, and so is

0:36:50.280 --> 0:36:54.640
<v Speaker 2>every animal and living thing on the planet.

0:36:55.040 --> 0:36:59.960
<v Speaker 1>And the thing is like autointoxication. It's it's not there

0:37:00.080 --> 0:37:03.399
<v Speaker 1>are impurities. There are choices that we make that where

0:37:03.400 --> 0:37:06.680
<v Speaker 1>we eat food that's not great for us, Ultra processed foods, right,

0:37:07.600 --> 0:37:10.120
<v Speaker 1>cured meats not great for us.

0:37:10.560 --> 0:37:13.880
<v Speaker 3>Yeah, alcohol, so yeah, tobacco.

0:37:15.200 --> 0:37:20.279
<v Speaker 1>And yet the problem is not with those claims, but

0:37:20.360 --> 0:37:24.080
<v Speaker 1>it is in saying that this pill, this supplement, this

0:37:24.280 --> 0:37:26.600
<v Speaker 1>tea will fix that for you.

0:37:27.239 --> 0:37:30.239
<v Speaker 2>Well, it's it's like assuming that, like because oh I've

0:37:30.280 --> 0:37:35.160
<v Speaker 2>found this thing, therefore our bodies are all broken, and.

0:37:35.040 --> 0:37:37.080
<v Speaker 3>Like I will sell you the key.

0:37:37.719 --> 0:37:42.440
<v Speaker 1>I h oh yeah yeah, Because it's like, well, what

0:37:42.480 --> 0:37:45.920
<v Speaker 1>do you do about if autointoxication. If this idea that

0:37:46.000 --> 0:37:48.839
<v Speaker 1>like our retained poop is causing all these toxins in.

0:37:48.760 --> 0:37:50.480
<v Speaker 4>Our body, what do we do about it?

0:37:50.680 --> 0:37:55.600
<v Speaker 1>Well, again, constipation is the issue, right, But what causes constipation?

0:37:56.880 --> 0:38:01.879
<v Speaker 1>In the eyes of some leading autointoxication and proponents, it's

0:38:01.960 --> 0:38:02.600
<v Speaker 1>the colon.

0:38:03.440 --> 0:38:08.080
<v Speaker 4>So scientist, get rid of it? Yeah no, yeah, no.

0:38:08.239 --> 0:38:10.800
<v Speaker 1>Mezhnikov who was like a very famous scientist, he claimed

0:38:10.840 --> 0:38:12.760
<v Speaker 1>that the colon was a vestigial organ.

0:38:12.960 --> 0:38:13.960
<v Speaker 3>Oh my god.

0:38:14.719 --> 0:38:18.600
<v Speaker 1>I found a paper by Kellogg, our fave in nineteen

0:38:18.680 --> 0:38:25.680
<v Speaker 1>seventeen titled I love this. Should the colon be sacrificed

0:38:25.840 --> 0:38:27.400
<v Speaker 1>or may it be reformed?

0:38:31.160 --> 0:38:33.360
<v Speaker 3>Our holand ore colon colon?

0:38:34.560 --> 0:38:38.239
<v Speaker 2>Oh ye, I know, so they're just wait a few

0:38:38.239 --> 0:38:40.520
<v Speaker 2>weeks till our poop episode so you can understand how

0:38:40.560 --> 0:38:42.040
<v Speaker 2>important your colon is the.

0:38:42.200 --> 0:38:44.200
<v Speaker 4>Important VVB important.

0:38:45.080 --> 0:38:48.040
<v Speaker 1>Uh yeah, So okay, remove it. That is one strategy.

0:38:48.200 --> 0:38:48.600
<v Speaker 6>First.

0:38:48.640 --> 0:38:52.040
<v Speaker 1>First though, maybe try some colonic irrigation animas it bring

0:38:52.120 --> 0:38:55.560
<v Speaker 1>those back onto the scene. But if those didn't work,

0:38:55.560 --> 0:38:59.000
<v Speaker 1>then yeah. Elective removals of the entirety or bits of

0:38:59.040 --> 0:39:01.759
<v Speaker 1>the large intestine were done, and I don't know how

0:39:01.760 --> 0:39:06.920
<v Speaker 1>many were done. But the collectom era quote unquote lasted

0:39:06.960 --> 0:39:10.520
<v Speaker 1>about ten years, from say nineteen ten to nineteen twenty,

0:39:10.640 --> 0:39:12.440
<v Speaker 1>nineteen oh seven to nineteen seventeen.

0:39:12.560 --> 0:39:14.720
<v Speaker 2>Roughly that feels way too recent.

0:39:15.040 --> 0:39:21.960
<v Speaker 1>Oh yeah, oh yeah, but fortunately fell out of favor.

0:39:22.520 --> 0:39:25.319
<v Speaker 1>People were like, even Kellogg was like, I think the

0:39:25.360 --> 0:39:26.600
<v Speaker 1>colon can be reformed.

0:39:26.600 --> 0:39:28.279
<v Speaker 4>I don't think we need to get rid of it.

0:39:30.080 --> 0:39:33.759
<v Speaker 1>But the concept of detox or products or practices to

0:39:33.800 --> 0:39:36.920
<v Speaker 1>eliminate impurities from your body, that was here to stay.

0:39:37.360 --> 0:39:40.480
<v Speaker 1>In the nineteen forties, Stanley Burrows introduced the Master cleans

0:39:40.760 --> 0:39:42.719
<v Speaker 1>you heard in our first hand account. It was a

0:39:42.760 --> 0:39:45.680
<v Speaker 1>liquid only concoction of it, also known.

0:39:45.600 --> 0:39:46.560
<v Speaker 4>As lemonade diet.

0:39:46.600 --> 0:39:49.000
<v Speaker 1>I think lemon juice, maple syrup, water.

0:39:48.840 --> 0:39:52.040
<v Speaker 4>Cayenne powder, you know, the famous sus A classic class.

0:39:52.040 --> 0:39:53.880
<v Speaker 2>I feel like every few years it really makes it

0:39:53.920 --> 0:39:55.880
<v Speaker 2>come back and everyone get it back into the Master

0:39:56.000 --> 0:39:57.799
<v Speaker 2>Cleanse specifically yep, yep.

0:39:58.000 --> 0:40:00.839
<v Speaker 1>Yeah, it's because celebrities jump on train. They're like, oh,

0:40:00.920 --> 0:40:03.320
<v Speaker 1>you know, so and so did this for this movie

0:40:03.360 --> 0:40:05.240
<v Speaker 1>and lost twenty pounds in a week.

0:40:05.600 --> 0:40:09.600
<v Speaker 2>Yeah they did. They starved themselves, starved themselves, yep, yep.

0:40:09.920 --> 0:40:14.160
<v Speaker 1>And yeah, so this the Master Clean's promise. Not only detoxification,

0:40:14.200 --> 0:40:16.120
<v Speaker 1>but also weight loss. So then weight loss kind of

0:40:16.160 --> 0:40:19.279
<v Speaker 1>became wrapped up into this really starting in the late

0:40:19.840 --> 0:40:23.000
<v Speaker 1>eighteen hundreds, but then in the twentieth century just increasingly,

0:40:23.080 --> 0:40:27.239
<v Speaker 1>so okay, and the master cleans might have like really

0:40:27.320 --> 0:40:30.080
<v Speaker 1>kicked off what our modern era of this is and

0:40:30.160 --> 0:40:32.760
<v Speaker 1>really incorporated the dieting part of it. But they're sprang

0:40:32.880 --> 0:40:36.799
<v Speaker 1>up throughout in the decades that followed, countless diets, tease,

0:40:36.880 --> 0:40:42.040
<v Speaker 1>superfood supplements, regimens, programs, bracelets, accessories, procedures that promise to

0:40:42.080 --> 0:40:45.840
<v Speaker 1>eliminate toxins from the body, thus bringing you a happier,

0:40:45.880 --> 0:40:51.320
<v Speaker 1>healthier life. You yeah, I mean, it would take hours

0:40:51.400 --> 0:40:54.880
<v Speaker 1>just to list the product names, let alone the baseless

0:40:54.880 --> 0:40:56.680
<v Speaker 1>claims that they make. And I know that you'll explain

0:40:56.920 --> 0:41:00.000
<v Speaker 1>why these claims are baseless. But to quote a paper

0:41:00.120 --> 0:41:05.400
<v Speaker 1>I read about fad diets, quote, detox approaches defy the

0:41:05.480 --> 0:41:09.320
<v Speaker 1>general principles of human physiology, as the liver and kidneys

0:41:09.400 --> 0:41:13.480
<v Speaker 1>are quite efficient in removing both exogenous and endogenous toxins

0:41:13.520 --> 0:41:16.840
<v Speaker 1>from our body, along with extra renal excretion of toxins

0:41:16.840 --> 0:41:21.640
<v Speaker 1>and sebum and sweat end quote. Yet these products are

0:41:21.760 --> 0:41:28.520
<v Speaker 1>ubiquitous and the industry is growing like never before. How why?

0:41:30.120 --> 0:41:32.360
<v Speaker 1>I can't hope to answer that huge of a question,

0:41:32.560 --> 0:41:34.520
<v Speaker 1>but I do think it has to do a great

0:41:34.560 --> 0:41:35.760
<v Speaker 1>deal with how they're marketed.

0:41:36.880 --> 0:41:37.680
<v Speaker 4>They start off.

0:41:37.680 --> 0:41:41.399
<v Speaker 1>They all start off with this premise of fear or

0:41:41.480 --> 0:41:45.600
<v Speaker 1>a lack. You are living in a risk filled, dangerous world.

0:41:46.000 --> 0:41:48.520
<v Speaker 1>Everything around you, the food you eat, the liquids you drink,

0:41:48.520 --> 0:41:51.960
<v Speaker 1>the air you breathe contains harmful substances that will accumulate

0:41:52.000 --> 0:41:55.640
<v Speaker 1>in your body. You're missing something in your life and

0:41:55.680 --> 0:41:59.840
<v Speaker 1>that's why you're unhappy. And then there's this sense of blame.

0:42:00.400 --> 0:42:02.759
<v Speaker 1>If you didn't eat those foods, maybe you wouldn't feel

0:42:02.800 --> 0:42:05.920
<v Speaker 1>so bad. But no one is exempt from this moralizing.

0:42:06.040 --> 0:42:11.880
<v Speaker 1>Right next, they offer agency. These substances will continue to

0:42:12.080 --> 0:42:15.880
<v Speaker 1>ferment in your body building and building until you act.

0:42:16.520 --> 0:42:18.520
<v Speaker 1>Not only do you have the agency to do something

0:42:18.560 --> 0:42:22.120
<v Speaker 1>about this with X product, but you will be foolish

0:42:22.160 --> 0:42:25.200
<v Speaker 1>to let this opportunity go. You have a responsibility to

0:42:25.239 --> 0:42:28.239
<v Speaker 1>yourself and not drinking this tea or committing to this

0:42:28.280 --> 0:42:31.320
<v Speaker 1>diet would be a shameful act, not only to yourself

0:42:31.400 --> 0:42:34.640
<v Speaker 1>but to your loved ones. You can and should make

0:42:34.680 --> 0:42:38.480
<v Speaker 1>the right choice here. And then they promise the stars.

0:42:39.440 --> 0:42:43.720
<v Speaker 1>If you follow this diet the precise way, this will happen.

0:42:44.400 --> 0:42:47.960
<v Speaker 1>If it doesn't, it's because you have failed. You did

0:42:48.000 --> 0:42:52.759
<v Speaker 1>not commit, you did this. There's I want to read

0:42:52.760 --> 0:42:55.560
<v Speaker 1>you a quote from a Goop post titled does detoxing

0:42:55.640 --> 0:42:56.200
<v Speaker 1>really work?

0:42:56.600 --> 0:42:59.920
<v Speaker 2>Oh no, okay, kim me, let me prepare myself for this.

0:43:00.000 --> 0:43:05.160
<v Speaker 4>Take a deep breath, cleansing breath again, here we go. Quote.

0:43:05.440 --> 0:43:08.320
<v Speaker 1>We must turn this thinking around and adopt a detox

0:43:08.400 --> 0:43:11.520
<v Speaker 1>lifestyle where we are living in a healthy and reasonable

0:43:11.560 --> 0:43:14.160
<v Speaker 1>way most of the time, so that we are constantly

0:43:14.200 --> 0:43:18.719
<v Speaker 1>detoxing because we are constantly exposed to unwanted chemicals, and

0:43:18.760 --> 0:43:21.400
<v Speaker 1>save the binging for the bad stuff. Break down and

0:43:21.440 --> 0:43:24.200
<v Speaker 1>have some yummy barbecue ribs and fries if you must,

0:43:24.680 --> 0:43:27.760
<v Speaker 1>but make that the exception, or maybe a cheese platter

0:43:27.840 --> 0:43:30.120
<v Speaker 1>is your big weakness, as long as it isn't a

0:43:30.200 --> 0:43:31.160
<v Speaker 1>daily cheese platter.

0:43:31.880 --> 0:43:32.480
<v Speaker 4>End quote.

0:43:32.800 --> 0:43:36.640
<v Speaker 2>There's so much moralizing around food.

0:43:37.200 --> 0:43:37.759
<v Speaker 4>Around food.

0:43:37.840 --> 0:43:41.680
<v Speaker 1>Yeah, you must be constantly vigilant the danger that surrounds you,

0:43:41.760 --> 0:43:44.400
<v Speaker 1>and if you aren't, you're a failure. There is no

0:43:44.600 --> 0:43:48.640
<v Speaker 1>range of acceptable choices. There is one right answer. And

0:43:48.760 --> 0:43:53.040
<v Speaker 1>this advertising strategy works so well because these companies convince us,

0:43:53.080 --> 0:43:56.880
<v Speaker 1>they manipulate us into believing that we can optimize our life,

0:43:57.400 --> 0:44:00.600
<v Speaker 1>that our lives are incomplete, But contentment is just around

0:44:00.600 --> 0:44:02.719
<v Speaker 1>the corner for a mere nineteen ninety nine a month

0:44:02.760 --> 0:44:05.840
<v Speaker 1>plus shipping and handling. And I'm not saying that people

0:44:06.040 --> 0:44:09.960
<v Speaker 1>shouldn't want more, or shouldn't buy whatever things that they

0:44:10.000 --> 0:44:12.160
<v Speaker 1>want to buy, or that they should just be, you

0:44:12.160 --> 0:44:13.720
<v Speaker 1>know what, You should be happy with what you've got,

0:44:13.760 --> 0:44:17.000
<v Speaker 1>like it is natural to want more, to want to

0:44:17.040 --> 0:44:19.400
<v Speaker 1>be happier, to fill your things, fill your life with

0:44:19.440 --> 0:44:23.760
<v Speaker 1>things that you know. That's all fine. What I'm saying

0:44:24.120 --> 0:44:27.600
<v Speaker 1>is not about the wanting. My issue is with the

0:44:27.680 --> 0:44:31.319
<v Speaker 1>companies that do such a great job of manipulating us

0:44:31.360 --> 0:44:36.440
<v Speaker 1>into feeling that inadequacy, like detox tse promising to rid

0:44:36.560 --> 0:44:39.319
<v Speaker 1>us of impurities, when our kidneys and livers are already.

0:44:38.960 --> 0:44:40.200
<v Speaker 4>Doing a heck of a job.

0:44:40.880 --> 0:44:42.480
<v Speaker 1>If we look back at the history of science and

0:44:42.520 --> 0:44:46.319
<v Speaker 1>medicine in this country, we can see this really remarkable

0:44:46.400 --> 0:44:51.920
<v Speaker 1>pattern where patent medicines and snake oil salesmen absolutely flourish

0:44:52.160 --> 0:44:56.000
<v Speaker 1>in times of chaos and crisis, which feels, i mean,

0:44:56.160 --> 0:44:57.960
<v Speaker 1>very much like what our world is going through.

0:44:58.040 --> 0:44:58.399
<v Speaker 4>Right now.

0:44:58.880 --> 0:45:00.880
<v Speaker 1>Yeah, And I think it comes down feeling like there

0:45:00.960 --> 0:45:04.960
<v Speaker 1>is so much out of your control that we want

0:45:05.000 --> 0:45:07.279
<v Speaker 1>to make any changes that we can. We want to

0:45:07.320 --> 0:45:09.640
<v Speaker 1>have whatever control we can, and so we can say

0:45:09.920 --> 0:45:11.759
<v Speaker 1>I want to fix this one thing in my life

0:45:11.800 --> 0:45:14.239
<v Speaker 1>because I can. This company is telling me that I can.

0:45:15.239 --> 0:45:18.719
<v Speaker 1>So my hope for twenty twenty six is for us

0:45:18.760 --> 0:45:23.640
<v Speaker 1>all to cling to reason, established expertise, and shift our skepticism,

0:45:24.320 --> 0:45:27.960
<v Speaker 1>you know, to the brands making these sweeping claims without

0:45:27.960 --> 0:45:31.880
<v Speaker 1>a shred of evidence. And I talked way too long, Aaron,

0:45:32.000 --> 0:45:34.160
<v Speaker 1>because I got really into this episode.

0:45:34.320 --> 0:45:36.080
<v Speaker 4>But I'll turn it over.

0:45:35.960 --> 0:45:38.520
<v Speaker 1>To you to tell us what toxins actually are and

0:45:38.560 --> 0:45:41.680
<v Speaker 1>how detoxification actually works within our bodies.

0:45:42.400 --> 0:46:18.479
<v Speaker 2>I cannot wait to I'm so excited before we get

0:46:18.520 --> 0:46:23.960
<v Speaker 2>deep into how our bodies detoxify quote unquote detoxify. I

0:46:24.040 --> 0:46:26.360
<v Speaker 2>do want to focus for a second on this idea

0:46:26.480 --> 0:46:31.920
<v Speaker 2>of toxins, because, yeah, I think that this word it

0:46:32.000 --> 0:46:35.440
<v Speaker 2>comes up so much in like these disinformation campaigns that

0:46:35.480 --> 0:46:38.200
<v Speaker 2>people love to run, and it's far more reaching than

0:46:38.239 --> 0:46:42.440
<v Speaker 2>just the idea of detox But let's get into it,

0:46:42.480 --> 0:46:46.200
<v Speaker 2>shall we. We've talked on this podcast so many times

0:46:46.239 --> 0:46:48.120
<v Speaker 2>about how the dose makes the poison.

0:46:48.280 --> 0:46:48.440
<v Speaker 5>Right.

0:46:48.719 --> 0:46:52.800
<v Speaker 2>Yeah, Essentially, any substance that exists can be harmful to

0:46:52.840 --> 0:46:56.240
<v Speaker 2>our bodies and to our cells at a cellular level,

0:46:56.520 --> 0:47:00.440
<v Speaker 2>dependent on the dose. There are some things like water,

0:47:00.600 --> 0:47:05.960
<v Speaker 2>which is essential for life, that is beneficial at most doses,

0:47:06.120 --> 0:47:09.680
<v Speaker 2>but still can cause harm if in excess, yep. And

0:47:09.719 --> 0:47:13.719
<v Speaker 2>there are other things like arsenic or mercury that are

0:47:13.800 --> 0:47:16.759
<v Speaker 2>incredibly harmful even in very small doses.

0:47:16.960 --> 0:47:17.200
<v Speaker 3>Right.

0:47:17.880 --> 0:47:20.280
<v Speaker 2>And those are the kinds of substances that we usually

0:47:20.320 --> 0:47:24.439
<v Speaker 2>think of as toxic, right, These are substances that, even

0:47:24.480 --> 0:47:28.879
<v Speaker 2>at small doses, are harmful to ourselves. If you really

0:47:28.880 --> 0:47:31.120
<v Speaker 2>want to get pedantic, and you know that I love too,

0:47:31.640 --> 0:47:37.200
<v Speaker 2>love it. Technically, a toxin means a biologically produced substance.

0:47:37.520 --> 0:47:39.120
<v Speaker 4>Oh yeah.

0:47:39.160 --> 0:47:42.239
<v Speaker 2>So technically the word toxin is only referring to things

0:47:42.280 --> 0:47:45.319
<v Speaker 2>that are from plants or animals or bacteria. It has

0:47:45.360 --> 0:47:48.839
<v Speaker 2>to be biologically produced. And if we're talking about substances

0:47:48.840 --> 0:47:53.520
<v Speaker 2>that cause harm that are toxic that are maybe metals.

0:47:53.000 --> 0:47:58.200
<v Speaker 7>Like mercury, yeah, arsic whatever, arsenic, or things that are

0:47:58.200 --> 0:48:03.080
<v Speaker 7>like drugs, phosphates like stuff that we are making, those

0:48:03.160 --> 0:48:04.680
<v Speaker 7>technically aren't toxins.

0:48:05.080 --> 0:48:08.080
<v Speaker 2>The correct term would be toxic kant or just like

0:48:08.160 --> 0:48:12.000
<v Speaker 2>toxic substance. Okay, I love that I got to teach

0:48:12.040 --> 0:48:13.800
<v Speaker 2>that to you because I felt like I was getting

0:48:13.840 --> 0:48:14.919
<v Speaker 2>really too much.

0:48:15.080 --> 0:48:19.240
<v Speaker 1>I mean, it is pedantic, but I appreciate the designation.

0:48:19.360 --> 0:48:23.840
<v Speaker 4>I can appreciate when you are pagantic. Yeah, I.

0:48:26.160 --> 0:48:29.280
<v Speaker 2>Feel like in common parlance, obviously we use the word toxic.

0:48:29.320 --> 0:48:31.120
<v Speaker 2>We use the word toxin to refer to a lot

0:48:31.160 --> 0:48:33.160
<v Speaker 2>of different things. But I do feel like just knowing

0:48:33.200 --> 0:48:35.360
<v Speaker 2>that helps you be a little bit more alert, Like

0:48:35.520 --> 0:48:38.440
<v Speaker 2>are people even using these words correctly? If you're saying toxin,

0:48:38.600 --> 0:48:39.479
<v Speaker 2>what are you talking about?

0:48:39.560 --> 0:48:40.920
<v Speaker 3>Absolutely not.

0:48:41.480 --> 0:48:45.400
<v Speaker 2>But how are substances that are harmful to our cells?

0:48:45.440 --> 0:48:48.960
<v Speaker 2>That are toxic substances? How do they cause damage? They

0:48:48.960 --> 0:48:52.560
<v Speaker 2>can do this in so many different ways. Some substances might,

0:48:53.120 --> 0:48:56.959
<v Speaker 2>as we break them down, generate free radicals, right, which

0:48:57.000 --> 0:49:00.280
<v Speaker 2>can cause damage to our cells via oxidative DAMA image.

0:49:01.000 --> 0:49:05.960
<v Speaker 2>Some substances might end up depleting our cells ability to

0:49:06.080 --> 0:49:10.319
<v Speaker 2>metabolize things like we talked about in alcohol metabolism. Other

0:49:10.400 --> 0:49:14.040
<v Speaker 2>substances just might straight up damage cells. They might induce

0:49:14.120 --> 0:49:17.600
<v Speaker 2>cell death. There's a lot of different ways that so

0:49:17.800 --> 0:49:20.680
<v Speaker 2>many things that we come into contact with every day.

0:49:20.800 --> 0:49:25.480
<v Speaker 2>Be there medicines, drugs, heavy metals, pesticides, organic or inorganic pollutants,

0:49:25.960 --> 0:49:28.680
<v Speaker 2>things that we eat in our foods because plants are

0:49:28.960 --> 0:49:33.839
<v Speaker 2>full of toxins or toxic substances, secondary metabolites that they

0:49:33.920 --> 0:49:39.759
<v Speaker 2>make in order to we think, largely escape predation from herbivores.

0:49:39.840 --> 0:49:41.560
<v Speaker 3>Right, we are.

0:49:41.520 --> 0:49:45.040
<v Speaker 2>Exposed to toxic substances all the time. So we have

0:49:45.160 --> 0:49:50.360
<v Speaker 2>evolved mechanisms to deal with toxic metabolites in our bodies.

0:49:50.560 --> 0:49:56.080
<v Speaker 2>We have evolutionarily, all animals have these mechanisms. So this

0:49:56.280 --> 0:50:02.400
<v Speaker 2>idea of quote unquote or so called detoxification is real

0:50:02.880 --> 0:50:06.440
<v Speaker 2>insofar as our body does in fact have to manage

0:50:06.440 --> 0:50:11.040
<v Speaker 2>and deal with toxic substances on a cellular level. All

0:50:11.080 --> 0:50:13.080
<v Speaker 2>of our cells have to deal with this, and like

0:50:13.200 --> 0:50:16.560
<v Speaker 2>sell by cell, we have detoxification mechanisms that I'm not

0:50:16.600 --> 0:50:20.160
<v Speaker 2>going to dig deep into because the superstars in our

0:50:20.160 --> 0:50:24.040
<v Speaker 2>body when it comes to like body system level clearance

0:50:24.200 --> 0:50:28.320
<v Speaker 2>of these toxic substances are our liver and our kidneys

0:50:29.160 --> 0:50:31.120
<v Speaker 2>and also our GI tract, which I don't think it's

0:50:31.239 --> 0:50:32.080
<v Speaker 2>enough credit in this.

0:50:32.480 --> 0:50:35.240
<v Speaker 3>Yeah, Okay, we can give some credit. We'll give some credit.

0:50:35.360 --> 0:50:38.000
<v Speaker 2>Yeah, but I want to real quick also mention that

0:50:38.120 --> 0:50:41.160
<v Speaker 2>I do think that some of the reason that we like,

0:50:41.200 --> 0:50:42.960
<v Speaker 2>I'm going to go through the steps of how our

0:50:43.000 --> 0:50:48.000
<v Speaker 2>liver and kidneys actually process these toxic substances. What does

0:50:48.120 --> 0:50:50.280
<v Speaker 2>dtox mean in our bodies?

0:50:50.440 --> 0:50:50.640
<v Speaker 6>Right?

0:50:51.400 --> 0:50:53.960
<v Speaker 2>But I think that some of the reason that we

0:50:54.120 --> 0:50:57.720
<v Speaker 2>use the word detox to mean a lot of other things,

0:50:57.760 --> 0:51:01.000
<v Speaker 2>like sometimes we use detox colloquially to mean like we're

0:51:01.000 --> 0:51:05.359
<v Speaker 2>abstaining from like digital detox. Yes, that just means I'm

0:51:05.400 --> 0:51:09.239
<v Speaker 2>not doing technology for a while, right. I think that

0:51:09.600 --> 0:51:12.759
<v Speaker 2>maybe comes from the fact that we use the word

0:51:12.880 --> 0:51:18.240
<v Speaker 2>detox or detoxification in medicine clinically also to mean weaning

0:51:18.280 --> 0:51:21.640
<v Speaker 2>somebody off of a substance on which they're dependent. So

0:51:21.680 --> 0:51:26.200
<v Speaker 2>that's like alcohol or opioid detox something like that. That

0:51:26.600 --> 0:51:32.520
<v Speaker 2>process is about abstaining from a substance and waiting as

0:51:32.600 --> 0:51:38.120
<v Speaker 2>your own body metabolizes that substance, and sometimes might require

0:51:38.160 --> 0:51:41.560
<v Speaker 2>additional medications or things to like monitoring to make sure

0:51:41.560 --> 0:51:43.800
<v Speaker 2>that it's a safe process. But I think that maybe

0:51:43.840 --> 0:51:47.279
<v Speaker 2>that version of detox, like alcohol detox, that kind of

0:51:47.320 --> 0:51:50.160
<v Speaker 2>a thing might be part of why we think of

0:51:50.200 --> 0:51:52.920
<v Speaker 2>this as just like, oh, a quote unquote cleanse I

0:51:52.960 --> 0:51:56.440
<v Speaker 2>don't know. M yeah, like it's but it's a different

0:51:56.440 --> 0:51:58.360
<v Speaker 2>I'm gonna not talk about that. I'm talking about what

0:51:58.520 --> 0:52:01.320
<v Speaker 2>is our body doing to deal with toxic stuff?

0:52:01.600 --> 0:52:01.799
<v Speaker 4>Right?

0:52:02.360 --> 0:52:02.720
<v Speaker 3>Okay?

0:52:03.600 --> 0:52:06.920
<v Speaker 2>So our liver, I said, does most of the detox

0:52:07.120 --> 0:52:11.279
<v Speaker 2>of most potentially harmful substances, and it does this in

0:52:11.360 --> 0:52:18.160
<v Speaker 2>three main phases metabolism, conjugation, and elimination. Not every substance

0:52:18.160 --> 0:52:19.839
<v Speaker 2>has to go through each of these. So we'll talk

0:52:19.840 --> 0:52:22.680
<v Speaker 2>at the end about like other ways to rid the

0:52:22.680 --> 0:52:27.839
<v Speaker 2>body of toxic substances. But first we metabolize things, so

0:52:28.080 --> 0:52:32.080
<v Speaker 2>that means that we break substances down into smaller pieces,

0:52:32.800 --> 0:52:36.520
<v Speaker 2>or we break them down in ways that hopefully makes

0:52:36.520 --> 0:52:40.120
<v Speaker 2>them less toxic. Much of this process happens with a

0:52:40.120 --> 0:52:43.000
<v Speaker 2>group of enzymes called our cytochrome P four fifties.

0:52:44.400 --> 0:52:46.480
<v Speaker 4>Should I know this or no?

0:52:46.520 --> 0:52:51.960
<v Speaker 2>But I just love I love cytochromes so much. But

0:52:52.000 --> 0:52:54.479
<v Speaker 2>these are a group of enzymes. There's like six, There's

0:52:54.520 --> 0:52:56.719
<v Speaker 2>tons of them, but there's six major ones that are

0:52:56.760 --> 0:53:01.360
<v Speaker 2>responsible for the breakdown or the detoxification of nearly all

0:53:01.480 --> 0:53:05.239
<v Speaker 2>of the drugs and stuff that we are putting into

0:53:05.280 --> 0:53:09.360
<v Speaker 2>our body. Like the drugs, the foods, like anything that

0:53:09.440 --> 0:53:13.680
<v Speaker 2>is producing potentially toxic substances. So called zenobiotics is like

0:53:13.719 --> 0:53:16.760
<v Speaker 2>an umbrella term for a lot of this stuff. Most

0:53:16.760 --> 0:53:19.480
<v Speaker 2>of them are broken down phase one by a group

0:53:19.520 --> 0:53:23.040
<v Speaker 2>of enzymes called these cytochrome P four fifties, but there

0:53:23.080 --> 0:53:25.920
<v Speaker 2>are a bunch of other enzymes that are involved in

0:53:25.960 --> 0:53:29.839
<v Speaker 2>this this process. The goal is to break things down

0:53:29.840 --> 0:53:34.160
<v Speaker 2>to be less toxic. Sometimes though it actually creates more

0:53:34.239 --> 0:53:38.160
<v Speaker 2>harmful substances. As we talked about in our alcohol episode,

0:53:38.560 --> 0:53:43.680
<v Speaker 2>the breakdown process of alcohol, how we add a wage

0:53:43.719 --> 0:53:47.279
<v Speaker 2>groups to it and break other things off, actually produces

0:53:47.360 --> 0:53:50.800
<v Speaker 2>things like reactive oxygen species that can end up causing

0:53:50.840 --> 0:53:53.560
<v Speaker 2>damage to ourselves. But that's why phase one is not

0:53:53.680 --> 0:53:57.920
<v Speaker 2>the end. The second step in this detoxification process is

0:53:57.960 --> 0:54:02.279
<v Speaker 2>called conjugation, which just means sticking things on. So this

0:54:02.360 --> 0:54:06.080
<v Speaker 2>means literally sticking on other compounds to the stuff we've

0:54:06.120 --> 0:54:11.320
<v Speaker 2>just broken down, specifically to make them more water soluble.

0:54:12.360 --> 0:54:14.680
<v Speaker 2>So it turns out that a lot of the toxic

0:54:14.719 --> 0:54:17.160
<v Speaker 2>stuff that we might be exposed to or ingesting is

0:54:17.200 --> 0:54:21.560
<v Speaker 2>what's called lipophilic, so it's attracted to fats, and just

0:54:21.560 --> 0:54:24.360
<v Speaker 2>like water and oil, don't mix in your salad dressing

0:54:24.560 --> 0:54:28.919
<v Speaker 2>unless you have an emulsifier in there. Our liver has

0:54:29.000 --> 0:54:32.920
<v Speaker 2>a whole system of other enzymes that help to emulsify

0:54:33.200 --> 0:54:36.239
<v Speaker 2>these toxic things in our bloodstream. That's not a great

0:54:36.280 --> 0:54:40.160
<v Speaker 2>analogy because it's not quite emulsification, but you can think.

0:54:40.000 --> 0:54:43.000
<v Speaker 4>Of imagine just like what the liver is doing, like

0:54:43.520 --> 0:54:44.200
<v Speaker 4>shake it up.

0:54:44.760 --> 0:54:47.000
<v Speaker 2>Yes, it's just adding things to it, right, You got

0:54:47.040 --> 0:54:51.759
<v Speaker 2>to add something to make them more water soluble. So

0:54:52.000 --> 0:54:56.719
<v Speaker 2>that allows for these fat soluble compounds that would otherwise

0:54:56.800 --> 0:55:01.160
<v Speaker 2>stick around in our bodies to be disi so that

0:55:01.200 --> 0:55:04.040
<v Speaker 2>we can peet or poop them out. And that's the

0:55:04.080 --> 0:55:08.480
<v Speaker 2>final phase or this third phase of detoxification, which is elimination. Elimination,

0:55:09.080 --> 0:55:11.480
<v Speaker 2>so most of the stuff that we make water soluble

0:55:11.520 --> 0:55:13.960
<v Speaker 2>will end up passing through our kidneys. And our kidneys

0:55:14.080 --> 0:55:16.600
<v Speaker 2>they also do some detox on their own, but they

0:55:16.640 --> 0:55:21.480
<v Speaker 2>are the big important part of our system, of our

0:55:21.480 --> 0:55:24.920
<v Speaker 2>body system that is excreting all of these metabolites that

0:55:24.960 --> 0:55:27.600
<v Speaker 2>our liver does the good job of breaking down right

0:55:27.800 --> 0:55:33.480
<v Speaker 2>right exactly, yeah, getting it out. The other big player

0:55:33.560 --> 0:55:36.840
<v Speaker 2>is our billiary system old friend of the pod that's

0:55:36.960 --> 0:55:38.480
<v Speaker 2>our liver, our gallbladder, etc.

0:55:39.040 --> 0:55:41.400
<v Speaker 4>Yes, Yes, good friend.

0:55:41.520 --> 0:55:44.799
<v Speaker 2>And that means that as this stuff gets broken down,

0:55:44.880 --> 0:55:47.640
<v Speaker 2>sometimes instead of going to our kidneys, we squeeze it

0:55:47.680 --> 0:55:50.120
<v Speaker 2>into our gallbladder and push it out with our bio

0:55:50.239 --> 0:55:54.640
<v Speaker 2>and then eventually we poop it out. Okay, that's how

0:55:54.680 --> 0:56:00.280
<v Speaker 2>we detox sometimes phase one, two, and three detoxification doesn't

0:56:00.320 --> 0:56:04.520
<v Speaker 2>work for every substance, right. For some things, elimination might

0:56:04.560 --> 0:56:06.839
<v Speaker 2>not be possible. We might not have a mechanism for that,

0:56:07.160 --> 0:56:11.520
<v Speaker 2>like we see with iron for example. So with some

0:56:11.640 --> 0:56:18.000
<v Speaker 2>substances like heavy metals, our liver again has enzymes and

0:56:18.080 --> 0:56:22.520
<v Speaker 2>mechanisms to bind things up so that they are in

0:56:22.560 --> 0:56:25.400
<v Speaker 2>a form that they're not causing any damage. So iron,

0:56:25.440 --> 0:56:27.640
<v Speaker 2>if we're using that as an example, gets bound to

0:56:27.719 --> 0:56:31.279
<v Speaker 2>a protein called ferretin, and that way it's not just

0:56:31.480 --> 0:56:35.160
<v Speaker 2>roaming around causing free radical damage. It's bound up in

0:56:35.200 --> 0:56:37.680
<v Speaker 2>a protein and therefore not causing harm. Hmm.

0:56:39.120 --> 0:56:40.279
<v Speaker 4>That's very interesting.

0:56:40.760 --> 0:56:43.640
<v Speaker 1>I so of just like thinking about the evolutionary pathway

0:56:44.640 --> 0:56:47.080
<v Speaker 1>that had to have, Like, I would love to get

0:56:47.120 --> 0:56:50.879
<v Speaker 1>some sort of comparative physiology going on here.

0:56:51.760 --> 0:56:54.160
<v Speaker 2>I found it interesting paper that was more focused, and

0:56:54.200 --> 0:56:56.520
<v Speaker 2>I didn't end up citing it because I didn't use

0:56:56.600 --> 0:56:59.040
<v Speaker 2>a lot of this. But there they were looking at

0:56:59.080 --> 0:57:03.000
<v Speaker 2>like plants secondary metabolites and herbivores and like the detoxification

0:57:03.239 --> 0:57:06.200
<v Speaker 2>pathways and things like that in these herbivores. To deal

0:57:06.239 --> 0:57:09.960
<v Speaker 2>with these plant secondary metabolites and stuff, it's super interesting,

0:57:10.040 --> 0:57:11.440
<v Speaker 2>Like we all have to deal with.

0:57:11.400 --> 0:57:13.320
<v Speaker 1>This right well, and then like you think about herbivores

0:57:13.320 --> 0:57:15.000
<v Speaker 1>and then what if there's like a carnivore that's an

0:57:15.080 --> 0:57:17.840
<v Speaker 1>eating the herbivore that has that has those mechanisms, But

0:57:17.880 --> 0:57:20.160
<v Speaker 1>then what if the mechanisms haven't taken care of that

0:57:20.200 --> 0:57:22.280
<v Speaker 1>poison yet, and then the toxin and then.

0:57:22.960 --> 0:57:25.439
<v Speaker 2>And if your carnivore doesn't have those same mechanisms. Yeah,

0:57:25.480 --> 0:57:28.240
<v Speaker 2>it's it's a lot, and carnivores tend to have less. Anyways,

0:57:28.280 --> 0:57:30.040
<v Speaker 2>I'm not going to get deep. They didn't read enough

0:57:30.040 --> 0:57:30.400
<v Speaker 2>about it.

0:57:31.800 --> 0:57:33.240
<v Speaker 4>Don't quote me, okay.

0:57:36.120 --> 0:57:39.120
<v Speaker 2>But similarly, sometimes we just have to if there's a

0:57:39.120 --> 0:57:41.280
<v Speaker 2>lot of reactive oxygen species, which is.

0:57:41.200 --> 0:57:43.360
<v Speaker 3>A common, common, common, common.

0:57:43.040 --> 0:57:46.200
<v Speaker 2>Cause of damage to ourselves that may be produced in

0:57:46.280 --> 0:57:49.360
<v Speaker 2>so many different ways and just during normal metabolism, sometimes

0:57:49.360 --> 0:57:52.080
<v Speaker 2>we just have to neutralize those. And we're not doing

0:57:52.120 --> 0:57:55.520
<v Speaker 2>this whole phase one, two and three. We have other ways,

0:57:55.560 --> 0:58:00.800
<v Speaker 2>whether it's enzymes or just chemical antioxidants that are binding

0:58:00.880 --> 0:58:04.520
<v Speaker 2>up these and blocking them essentially so that they're not

0:58:04.560 --> 0:58:09.240
<v Speaker 2>going out and causing damage. Finally, there's increasing evidence of

0:58:09.280 --> 0:58:13.200
<v Speaker 2>the role of our gut micro biome in the detoxification

0:58:13.320 --> 0:58:17.160
<v Speaker 2>process in mammals in general. I mean, we don't know,

0:58:17.880 --> 0:58:23.040
<v Speaker 2>we don't fully understand it, but microbes also have to detoxify,

0:58:23.560 --> 0:58:28.400
<v Speaker 2>and they have similar but usually different enzymatic processes to

0:58:28.520 --> 0:58:31.280
<v Speaker 2>what we see in our own livers and kidneys. So

0:58:31.320 --> 0:58:34.160
<v Speaker 2>they're not using the exact same enzymes, okay, but they

0:58:34.200 --> 0:58:37.439
<v Speaker 2>are still doing the same stuff, if that makes sense,

0:58:37.600 --> 0:58:42.720
<v Speaker 2>just in different ways. So, yeah, we're doing detox all

0:58:42.760 --> 0:58:45.840
<v Speaker 2>the time, and it is our liver and our kidneys

0:58:45.880 --> 0:58:48.360
<v Speaker 2>and our guts that are doing it. And this is

0:58:49.120 --> 0:58:52.040
<v Speaker 2>a complicated process, all right.

0:58:52.440 --> 0:58:54.920
<v Speaker 1>I mean it sounds quite a lot of players involved.

0:58:54.920 --> 0:58:56.480
<v Speaker 1>There's a lot of players, a lot of steps.

0:58:56.560 --> 0:58:59.880
<v Speaker 2>Yeah. I'll also just throw out there that there is

0:59:00.360 --> 0:59:04.880
<v Speaker 2>known genetic variation in our metabolism in terms of a

0:59:04.880 --> 0:59:08.240
<v Speaker 2>lot of these cytochromes especially, but also some of the

0:59:08.320 --> 0:59:13.280
<v Speaker 2>like phase two metabolism stuff, which means that some people

0:59:13.400 --> 0:59:17.080
<v Speaker 2>might be faster metabolizers, some people might have a build

0:59:17.120 --> 0:59:21.120
<v Speaker 2>up of toxic substances longer than other people. So there

0:59:21.200 --> 0:59:23.480
<v Speaker 2>is a lot of really interesting research being done on that,

0:59:23.600 --> 0:59:25.919
<v Speaker 2>especially for people who are really into like the idea

0:59:25.960 --> 0:59:28.880
<v Speaker 2>of personalized medicine, where if we know how you are

0:59:28.920 --> 0:59:31.160
<v Speaker 2>going to metabolize X, Y and Z, then we might

0:59:31.200 --> 0:59:33.360
<v Speaker 2>recommend one drug versus another, or you might need a

0:59:33.440 --> 0:59:35.680
<v Speaker 2>higher or a lower dose of something, And so I

0:59:35.680 --> 0:59:38.600
<v Speaker 2>think that's an interesting area of future research. But right now,

0:59:39.040 --> 0:59:42.160
<v Speaker 2>for very few things do we have like you need

0:59:42.200 --> 0:59:44.800
<v Speaker 2>a genetic test before X, Y and Z medicine. There

0:59:44.840 --> 0:59:47.360
<v Speaker 2>are some medicines that like we have to do a

0:59:47.360 --> 0:59:49.720
<v Speaker 2>genetic test because we know that you're going to metabolize

0:59:49.720 --> 0:59:51.640
<v Speaker 2>it differently if you have one gene versus another.

0:59:51.880 --> 0:59:57.400
<v Speaker 1>That's I mean, that is such a fascinating world of like, yeah,

0:59:57.480 --> 0:59:59.240
<v Speaker 1>personalized medicine, like what exactly?

0:59:59.440 --> 1:00:01.360
<v Speaker 2>Yeah, but that's a different episode here.

1:00:02.000 --> 1:00:02.800
<v Speaker 3>So that's the end of that.

1:00:04.000 --> 1:00:07.120
<v Speaker 2>So I want to answer the question of whether any

1:00:07.520 --> 1:00:13.200
<v Speaker 2>product that claims to detoxify you can actually do it.

1:00:14.320 --> 1:00:17.080
<v Speaker 2>And hopefully if you've heard all of the steps that

1:00:17.160 --> 1:00:20.920
<v Speaker 2>it takes to deal with toxic substances in your body,

1:00:21.000 --> 1:00:24.800
<v Speaker 2>it is very clear that the answer is no. There

1:00:24.840 --> 1:00:31.680
<v Speaker 2>is no single product, food, supplement, topical administration of anything

1:00:32.240 --> 1:00:35.919
<v Speaker 2>that you can do that will detox for you. Your

1:00:36.080 --> 1:00:40.840
<v Speaker 2>body has to do that. However, companies are smart now,

1:00:41.120 --> 1:00:43.919
<v Speaker 2>as we heard in those things, So the next thing

1:00:43.920 --> 1:00:47.080
<v Speaker 2>that they love to do is claim that their product

1:00:47.320 --> 1:00:50.240
<v Speaker 2>supports your own detoxification mechanisms.

1:00:50.480 --> 1:00:56.280
<v Speaker 1>Oh, Aaron Eims, I hate it so much. I cannot

1:00:56.360 --> 1:01:00.600
<v Speaker 1>stand seeing that on supplement bottles.

1:01:00.200 --> 1:01:05.520
<v Speaker 2>Or liver serials, kidney support supports heart health supports kidney

1:01:05.520 --> 1:01:10.560
<v Speaker 2>function exactly. So is there any data to support this idea?

1:01:12.280 --> 1:01:16.480
<v Speaker 2>There is no good data to support not just any

1:01:16.800 --> 1:01:22.240
<v Speaker 2>particular detox diet or supplement or fasting protocol, but even

1:01:22.440 --> 1:01:25.840
<v Speaker 2>there is no data to support the idea of detox

1:01:26.000 --> 1:01:29.800
<v Speaker 2>diets on a broad scale. Right, And let me tell

1:01:29.880 --> 1:01:32.240
<v Speaker 2>you why I want to dig a little deeper onto

1:01:32.320 --> 1:01:34.200
<v Speaker 2>why that is that that we don't have data to

1:01:34.200 --> 1:01:34.600
<v Speaker 2>support this.

1:01:34.880 --> 1:01:35.120
<v Speaker 5>Yeah.

1:01:35.600 --> 1:01:40.080
<v Speaker 2>First, our bodies are complicated. The types of toxic substances

1:01:40.280 --> 1:01:43.760
<v Speaker 2>that we encounter are really varied. So there's two main

1:01:43.880 --> 1:01:47.360
<v Speaker 2>questions that we have to answer that have not been

1:01:47.520 --> 1:01:50.360
<v Speaker 2>answered to be able to say that any of these

1:01:50.400 --> 1:01:51.320
<v Speaker 2>products work.

1:01:51.720 --> 1:01:51.919
<v Speaker 3>Right.

1:01:53.200 --> 1:01:59.520
<v Speaker 2>First, can anything that you ingest actually change or so

1:01:59.600 --> 1:02:03.880
<v Speaker 2>called support your body's own detoxification mechanisms broadly.

1:02:04.600 --> 1:02:05.520
<v Speaker 3>So I'm going to get into that.

1:02:05.720 --> 1:02:08.240
<v Speaker 2>Okay, is there anything that we can be ingesting.

1:02:07.880 --> 1:02:12.760
<v Speaker 3>That would actually support our liver health? Okay, probiotics listen.

1:02:13.840 --> 1:02:19.640
<v Speaker 2>And two, what the heck are we trying to detox from?

1:02:19.800 --> 1:02:20.320
<v Speaker 5>Oh?

1:02:20.360 --> 1:02:22.480
<v Speaker 4>I mean everything, Aaron. The world is a dangerous place,

1:02:22.520 --> 1:02:24.880
<v Speaker 4>and also what it is it is.

1:02:25.200 --> 1:02:27.919
<v Speaker 2>But you got to be specific. What are we being

1:02:27.960 --> 1:02:31.520
<v Speaker 2>exposed to and at what levels? And are these things

1:02:31.560 --> 1:02:34.600
<v Speaker 2>harmful at the levels at which we are being exposed?

1:02:34.760 --> 1:02:36.760
<v Speaker 2>So let me dig into the evidence on these two points.

1:02:36.800 --> 1:02:40.080
<v Speaker 1>Okay, yeah, but you just said you got to be specific.

1:02:40.520 --> 1:02:42.000
<v Speaker 4>No one is specific.

1:02:42.320 --> 1:02:44.800
<v Speaker 3>No, no, no, no, no, No one has to be specific. No,

1:02:44.920 --> 1:02:47.120
<v Speaker 3>I know, but the beauty should be.

1:02:50.840 --> 1:02:54.720
<v Speaker 2>So to get at question number one, is there anything

1:02:54.760 --> 1:02:57.040
<v Speaker 2>that we could be eating that could be helping our

1:02:57.120 --> 1:03:00.200
<v Speaker 2>kidneys or our liver be better at detoxifying.

1:03:00.080 --> 1:03:03.280
<v Speaker 1>All the foods that have antioxidants in them, like slupberries

1:03:03.320 --> 1:03:04.400
<v Speaker 1>and superfoods.

1:03:04.960 --> 1:03:08.960
<v Speaker 2>So here's the thing, Arin, there is certainly data out

1:03:08.960 --> 1:03:12.640
<v Speaker 2>there that there are certain foods or certain chemical compounds

1:03:12.640 --> 1:03:14.960
<v Speaker 2>if you want to dig really deep down in our foods,

1:03:15.120 --> 1:03:19.480
<v Speaker 2>like antioxidants like various vitamins that may help or in

1:03:19.520 --> 1:03:24.280
<v Speaker 2>some cases even be essential in our bodies detoxification processes.

1:03:24.520 --> 1:03:28.200
<v Speaker 2>Some of these substances might be necessary cofactors in some

1:03:28.240 --> 1:03:32.400
<v Speaker 2>of these enzymatic reactions. They may function as antioxidants themselves

1:03:32.480 --> 1:03:36.720
<v Speaker 2>be protective in our bodies against reactive oxygen. There is

1:03:37.160 --> 1:03:41.720
<v Speaker 2>definitely data that there are compounds in especially our fruits

1:03:41.720 --> 1:03:46.920
<v Speaker 2>and our vegetables, that are beneficial for our bodies. However,

1:03:48.520 --> 1:03:51.960
<v Speaker 2>almost all of the data on these substances is in

1:03:52.040 --> 1:03:56.880
<v Speaker 2>cell culture or animal studies, not in clinical trials, especially

1:03:56.920 --> 1:04:00.439
<v Speaker 2>if we are trying to say do these substances help

1:04:00.560 --> 1:04:04.400
<v Speaker 2>support detoxification mechanisms these enzymes that we know are involved

1:04:04.400 --> 1:04:07.840
<v Speaker 2>in detox right, these data that we have on this

1:04:08.000 --> 1:04:09.960
<v Speaker 2>is not in human trials.

1:04:10.200 --> 1:04:12.720
<v Speaker 1>Okay, so but let's just like pause there, and I

1:04:12.760 --> 1:04:17.840
<v Speaker 1>want to try to understand physiologically the mechanism that jumping

1:04:17.880 --> 1:04:23.760
<v Speaker 1>from extrapolating from lab and animal studies to humans. Like

1:04:24.240 --> 1:04:26.400
<v Speaker 1>you said that some of the products that are contained

1:04:26.480 --> 1:04:30.320
<v Speaker 1>or the cofactors and vitamins and fruits and vegets and

1:04:30.360 --> 1:04:34.520
<v Speaker 1>so on, are essential for us, are we getting enough

1:04:35.000 --> 1:04:36.720
<v Speaker 1>on a daily basis.

1:04:36.680 --> 1:04:38.680
<v Speaker 3>With it depends on what you're eating erin.

1:04:38.680 --> 1:04:43.400
<v Speaker 1>Okay, I don't know, but like you know what I mean.

1:04:43.440 --> 1:04:45.760
<v Speaker 1>Have we talked about like vitamin C and scurvy, right,

1:04:45.840 --> 1:04:47.880
<v Speaker 1>and like the vast majority of people.

1:04:49.520 --> 1:04:50.080
<v Speaker 4>Get vitamin C.

1:04:50.280 --> 1:04:54.120
<v Speaker 2>You get plenty of vitamin C. So yeah, the same

1:04:54.200 --> 1:04:56.439
<v Speaker 2>is true for most of the other stuff, okay, Right,

1:04:57.120 --> 1:04:59.680
<v Speaker 2>And it is important to note, like you're saying that

1:04:59.720 --> 1:05:03.360
<v Speaker 2>the post makes the poison even for these beneficial substances,

1:05:03.360 --> 1:05:06.680
<v Speaker 2>because there are some compounds that we found in plants,

1:05:06.720 --> 1:05:11.200
<v Speaker 2>in vegetables and fruits that might help induce detoxification enzymes,

1:05:11.240 --> 1:05:13.360
<v Speaker 2>so it might help them to work better at one

1:05:13.440 --> 1:05:17.320
<v Speaker 2>concentration but inhibit them completely at other concentrations.

1:05:17.600 --> 1:05:18.040
<v Speaker 4>Okay.

1:05:18.920 --> 1:05:23.760
<v Speaker 2>So the short answer then is like, no, there's no

1:05:23.960 --> 1:05:27.040
<v Speaker 2>one thing. There's no one magic pill, there is no

1:05:27.200 --> 1:05:30.480
<v Speaker 2>one supplement. And it's very interesting that because I read

1:05:30.520 --> 1:05:34.400
<v Speaker 2>a couple of papers that were written by people who

1:05:35.160 --> 1:05:39.720
<v Speaker 2>have their own like detox clinics okay as an example, Okay,

1:05:40.840 --> 1:05:43.560
<v Speaker 2>and I could quote from them.

1:05:43.840 --> 1:05:47.320
<v Speaker 1>I mean, we're talking detox clinics as in like what

1:05:47.400 --> 1:05:50.360
<v Speaker 1>we've been talking about these past two episodes, not detox

1:05:50.400 --> 1:05:51.880
<v Speaker 1>clinics and a clinics correct.

1:05:51.800 --> 1:05:55.400
<v Speaker 2>I'm talking about detoxification lifestyle programs, got it. Got it

1:05:56.120 --> 1:05:58.800
<v Speaker 2>that they will sell you that you can go to

1:05:58.840 --> 1:06:02.200
<v Speaker 2>their clinic to learn how to do. But even in

1:06:02.280 --> 1:06:04.480
<v Speaker 2>those and I won't actually quote because it's like way too.

1:06:04.360 --> 1:06:05.200
<v Speaker 3>Long, but.

1:06:06.960 --> 1:06:12.120
<v Speaker 2>All of those papers come to the conclusion that is

1:06:12.160 --> 1:06:17.200
<v Speaker 2>the exact same conclusion as every major medical and public

1:06:17.200 --> 1:06:20.520
<v Speaker 2>health organization that has ever come up with dietary recommendations,

1:06:20.840 --> 1:06:25.840
<v Speaker 2>and that is that to support your bodies intrinsic detoxification processes,

1:06:26.160 --> 1:06:29.800
<v Speaker 2>our diets should be composed of a variety of whole

1:06:29.840 --> 1:06:34.520
<v Speaker 2>fruits and vegetables. Whole grains should be mostly based on plants.

1:06:34.720 --> 1:06:37.640
<v Speaker 2>We should get a variety of proteins, make sure we're

1:06:37.640 --> 1:06:41.640
<v Speaker 2>getting lots of fiber, drinking mostly only water and not

1:06:41.800 --> 1:06:45.720
<v Speaker 2>other beverages, avoiding alcohol, having access to clean water that's

1:06:45.760 --> 1:06:49.880
<v Speaker 2>uncontaminated by heavy metals, and being engaged in moderate activity

1:06:49.960 --> 1:06:53.520
<v Speaker 2>and exercise. Like it is mind blowing to me that

1:06:53.760 --> 1:06:58.080
<v Speaker 2>even people who are selling this stuff know that there

1:06:58.120 --> 1:07:00.520
<v Speaker 2>is not one thing that we can pick out of

1:07:00.560 --> 1:07:02.440
<v Speaker 2>a plant that is ever going to be better than

1:07:02.480 --> 1:07:09.240
<v Speaker 2>whole plants themselves. Right, Yeah, it's but they'll still sell Yeah,

1:07:09.280 --> 1:07:12.560
<v Speaker 2>of course they are, because it doesn't matter like that,

1:07:13.360 --> 1:07:15.960
<v Speaker 2>The science behind it doesn't matter, except the science is

1:07:16.040 --> 1:07:18.080
<v Speaker 2>used is to sell information.

1:07:18.600 --> 1:07:20.400
<v Speaker 4>Correct is misused?

1:07:20.680 --> 1:07:23.080
<v Speaker 3>Is correct weaponized? Yeah, exactly.

1:07:23.120 --> 1:07:25.800
<v Speaker 2>And the other way that it's weaponized and misused is

1:07:25.840 --> 1:07:29.840
<v Speaker 2>in this idea of that second question, like, do we

1:07:29.920 --> 1:07:33.640
<v Speaker 2>have any evidence that we actually need detoxification support?

1:07:34.280 --> 1:07:35.200
<v Speaker 3>Are we being.

1:07:35.040 --> 1:07:39.400
<v Speaker 2>Exposed to such high levels of so called toxic substances

1:07:39.760 --> 1:07:43.760
<v Speaker 2>that we need this over the counter keelation therapy? Those

1:07:43.760 --> 1:07:46.200
<v Speaker 2>are very dangerous, by the way, It definitely not a

1:07:46.200 --> 1:07:50.960
<v Speaker 2>good idea. But if you are exposed to high levels

1:07:51.040 --> 1:07:54.200
<v Speaker 2>of heavy metals like lead or mercury at a level

1:07:54.360 --> 1:07:57.760
<v Speaker 2>that can cause harm, then yes, you will need treatment

1:07:58.160 --> 1:08:01.800
<v Speaker 2>because your liver and your body might not be sufficient

1:08:01.960 --> 1:08:04.400
<v Speaker 2>or fast enough to get rid of these compounds before

1:08:04.440 --> 1:08:09.960
<v Speaker 2>they're causing harm. That is why we have medications that

1:08:10.160 --> 1:08:13.680
<v Speaker 2>have to be administered under strict supervision because they are

1:08:13.760 --> 1:08:18.280
<v Speaker 2>also dangerous. Medicines to be able to bind up things

1:08:18.320 --> 1:08:21.519
<v Speaker 2>like heavy metals and rid our body of them, allow

1:08:21.640 --> 1:08:23.840
<v Speaker 2>us to poop them out because we use things like

1:08:23.880 --> 1:08:29.200
<v Speaker 2>healation therapy. There are definitely things that we are being

1:08:29.280 --> 1:08:31.720
<v Speaker 2>exposed to in our modern world today. That we maybe

1:08:31.800 --> 1:08:35.320
<v Speaker 2>weren't exposed to hundreds or definitely not thousands of years ago.

1:08:35.600 --> 1:08:35.760
<v Speaker 5>Right.

1:08:36.400 --> 1:08:38.040
<v Speaker 2>There are also things that we were exposed to a

1:08:38.040 --> 1:08:41.480
<v Speaker 2>lot more that we're not exposed to as much today. Yeah,

1:08:41.760 --> 1:08:45.639
<v Speaker 2>And it is true that we still don't know enough

1:08:45.960 --> 1:08:49.680
<v Speaker 2>about what should be considered maximum safe exposure levels of

1:08:49.720 --> 1:08:53.120
<v Speaker 2>things like persistent organic pollutants like we see in pesticides,

1:08:53.479 --> 1:08:55.400
<v Speaker 2>or things like BPA or other palites that.

1:08:55.400 --> 1:08:56.320
<v Speaker 3>Are in plastics.

1:08:57.320 --> 1:08:59.800
<v Speaker 2>And there is a lot of news, of course out

1:08:59.800 --> 1:09:03.200
<v Speaker 2>there about forever chemicals in general, and we don't have

1:09:03.360 --> 1:09:04.639
<v Speaker 2>enough data about them.

1:09:04.680 --> 1:09:08.479
<v Speaker 1>It's true, yes, and there is Like I feel like

1:09:08.560 --> 1:09:11.040
<v Speaker 1>we are living in a world that is full of

1:09:11.240 --> 1:09:14.280
<v Speaker 1>things that can harm us, but we don't, like you said,

1:09:14.280 --> 1:09:15.599
<v Speaker 1>we don't know enough about how.

1:09:15.520 --> 1:09:15.960
<v Speaker 4>Much of it.

1:09:16.920 --> 1:09:19.760
<v Speaker 1>We all live very very very different lives, even if

1:09:19.760 --> 1:09:22.519
<v Speaker 1>you're living on the same street as somebody else, how

1:09:22.600 --> 1:09:27.600
<v Speaker 1>much you're getting exposed to your your genetic predisposition, to

1:09:27.760 --> 1:09:30.439
<v Speaker 1>how fast you metabolize certain toxins, like, all of these

1:09:30.479 --> 1:09:34.719
<v Speaker 1>things are very variable. Yeah, that can all be very true,

1:09:34.760 --> 1:09:35.439
<v Speaker 1>and it is.

1:09:35.680 --> 1:09:39.760
<v Speaker 2>And it is, And there are plenty of companies that

1:09:39.840 --> 1:09:44.400
<v Speaker 2>are claiming that their product will detox you from these compounds,

1:09:44.439 --> 1:09:48.040
<v Speaker 2>be they heavy metals or other environmental pollutants, even if

1:09:48.120 --> 1:09:51.559
<v Speaker 2>you have no data to suggest that you have actually

1:09:51.560 --> 1:09:54.800
<v Speaker 2>been exposed to levels high enough to cause harm, because

1:09:54.880 --> 1:09:57.320
<v Speaker 2>especially for heavy metals, like we actually do have data

1:09:57.360 --> 1:10:00.120
<v Speaker 2>on that, like how much is going to cause harm?

1:10:00.720 --> 1:10:04.360
<v Speaker 2>There is no data that any of these products that

1:10:04.400 --> 1:10:07.240
<v Speaker 2>are claiming to detox you from these substances will do

1:10:07.560 --> 1:10:11.879
<v Speaker 2>anything for you. And in many cases recipes or exactly

1:10:12.160 --> 1:10:15.280
<v Speaker 2>and in many cases they can cause serious harm, especially

1:10:15.320 --> 1:10:17.240
<v Speaker 2>the ones that are targeted like that, like ooh, you

1:10:17.280 --> 1:10:19.759
<v Speaker 2>need a heavy metal detox, you need a parasite cleanse.

1:10:20.120 --> 1:10:23.840
<v Speaker 2>Those often end up damaging your liver. And like the

1:10:23.920 --> 1:10:26.880
<v Speaker 2>over the counterculation therapies and things that they market, they

1:10:26.880 --> 1:10:30.240
<v Speaker 2>can a bind up other metals that are actually quite

1:10:30.240 --> 1:10:32.760
<v Speaker 2>important in our body in trace amounts, so then they

1:10:32.760 --> 1:10:35.439
<v Speaker 2>can make you be deficient in zinc or copper or

1:10:35.479 --> 1:10:38.240
<v Speaker 2>things like that. And they can also end up binding calcium,

1:10:38.280 --> 1:10:40.280
<v Speaker 2>so then you can be severely hypocalcemic and then you

1:10:40.280 --> 1:10:43.320
<v Speaker 2>can die. Like it's not these things are not without

1:10:43.320 --> 1:10:46.720
<v Speaker 2>the potential for harm. So like, yes, we need to

1:10:46.800 --> 1:10:50.839
<v Speaker 2>be ensuring that our regulatory agencies and our scientific research

1:10:50.840 --> 1:10:53.799
<v Speaker 2>agencies are doing the research and asking the right questions,

1:10:53.840 --> 1:10:56.320
<v Speaker 2>especially about these chemicals that we are being exposed to

1:10:56.560 --> 1:10:59.400
<v Speaker 2>at what levels of exposures do we have the potential

1:10:59.479 --> 1:11:01.759
<v Speaker 2>to cause harm in the short term and the long term,

1:11:02.360 --> 1:11:05.200
<v Speaker 2>and also the research on in the event that we

1:11:05.280 --> 1:11:08.160
<v Speaker 2>are being exposed to high levels, what are additional treatment

1:11:08.200 --> 1:11:11.240
<v Speaker 2>options we should be looking into these things that are

1:11:11.240 --> 1:11:15.800
<v Speaker 2>in our natural products, what things can support detoxification or

1:11:15.840 --> 1:11:19.280
<v Speaker 2>elimination if someone is actually exposed to high enough levels

1:11:19.280 --> 1:11:23.519
<v Speaker 2>to cause harm. None of these products or diets or

1:11:23.560 --> 1:11:25.920
<v Speaker 2>fads that are on the shelves have any data to

1:11:25.960 --> 1:11:26.719
<v Speaker 2>back them up.

1:11:27.240 --> 1:11:32.800
<v Speaker 1>And they continue to so mistrust in establish science and

1:11:32.880 --> 1:11:37.599
<v Speaker 1>medicine by saying germ theory isn't real. Buy my book

1:11:37.640 --> 1:11:39.040
<v Speaker 1>on the Master Cleanse instead.

1:11:39.720 --> 1:11:42.759
<v Speaker 2>I think, honestly, for me, if I just can complain

1:11:42.880 --> 1:11:43.760
<v Speaker 2>for a moment.

1:11:44.000 --> 1:11:45.519
<v Speaker 4>That's what we've been doing for the past hour.

1:11:45.520 --> 1:11:49.000
<v Speaker 3>And as I know, for me, I think one of

1:11:49.000 --> 1:11:49.880
<v Speaker 3>the things there's a lot.

1:11:49.840 --> 1:11:53.120
<v Speaker 2>That gets to me about this detox trend in general,

1:11:53.840 --> 1:11:57.479
<v Speaker 2>and it's not just the clear grift that the supplement

1:11:57.520 --> 1:12:01.040
<v Speaker 2>companies or other organizations claiming to detox are running. It's

1:12:01.040 --> 1:12:04.240
<v Speaker 2>not just that like they're counting on and they're preying

1:12:04.280 --> 1:12:07.760
<v Speaker 2>on our lack of understanding about biology. It's not just

1:12:07.880 --> 1:12:13.040
<v Speaker 2>those things for me, it's also so frustrating that these

1:12:13.160 --> 1:12:17.160
<v Speaker 2>detox products push this notion that our bodies are broken

1:12:17.640 --> 1:12:20.720
<v Speaker 2>and we need their products to fix them, because our

1:12:20.760 --> 1:12:25.519
<v Speaker 2>bodies are dang incredible, Like our kidneys and our liver

1:12:25.840 --> 1:12:26.800
<v Speaker 2>are working so.

1:12:26.960 --> 1:12:27.760
<v Speaker 3>Hard every day.

1:12:27.920 --> 1:12:30.680
<v Speaker 2>They never get appreciation, and to be told that a

1:12:30.800 --> 1:12:33.280
<v Speaker 2>tea can do their job is offensive.

1:12:33.680 --> 1:12:36.160
<v Speaker 1>I mean, it's there's just like there is so much

1:12:36.240 --> 1:12:40.519
<v Speaker 1>that is upsetting about it, because it's like every single

1:12:40.600 --> 1:12:42.639
<v Speaker 1>product is telling you that this is going to change

1:12:42.640 --> 1:12:44.120
<v Speaker 1>your life for the better. This is the thing that

1:12:44.160 --> 1:12:46.320
<v Speaker 1>you need that will make your life happy. Yeah, and

1:12:46.360 --> 1:12:50.720
<v Speaker 1>that's not the case, and it just is like it

1:12:50.880 --> 1:12:55.680
<v Speaker 1>just kind of feels gross. I know, I feel toxified

1:12:56.360 --> 1:12:58.040
<v Speaker 1>by detox advertisements.

1:13:00.160 --> 1:13:08.280
<v Speaker 2>Yeah, I agree the end. Darren Sources, yep, I have

1:13:08.479 --> 1:13:12.799
<v Speaker 2>so many sources I love about enemas and beyond.

1:13:13.920 --> 1:13:14.439
<v Speaker 4>I have a lot.

1:13:14.479 --> 1:13:17.639
<v Speaker 1>There's a two parter I read by Friedenwald and Morrison.

1:13:18.200 --> 1:13:21.439
<v Speaker 1>They're both published in nineteen forty, The History of the Enema.

1:13:21.439 --> 1:13:22.840
<v Speaker 4>It's a two parter of it.

1:13:22.920 --> 1:13:26.599
<v Speaker 1>And then there's a paper that I really enjoyed by

1:13:26.800 --> 1:13:30.400
<v Speaker 1>Baki from twenty twenty five called the Eternal Allure of

1:13:30.439 --> 1:13:35.360
<v Speaker 1>the Panacea, How narratives and biases sustained Panaceas and then

1:13:35.520 --> 1:13:38.840
<v Speaker 1>by This is one of my favorite papers I've read recently.

1:13:39.040 --> 1:13:41.000
<v Speaker 4>It was Everyone Should Go.

1:13:41.120 --> 1:13:44.720
<v Speaker 1>It's by Everheart, published in twenty twenty two, titled you

1:13:44.840 --> 1:13:48.879
<v Speaker 1>Probably Have a Parasite Neoliberal Risk and the Discursive Construction

1:13:49.000 --> 1:13:50.559
<v Speaker 1>of the Body in the Wellness Industry.

1:13:50.920 --> 1:13:54.680
<v Speaker 4>Absolutely fascinating. I love that fascinating.

1:13:54.720 --> 1:13:55.400
<v Speaker 3>I'm going to read it.

1:13:55.479 --> 1:13:59.639
<v Speaker 2>Yes, I don't know that my papers are quite that amazing,

1:13:59.760 --> 1:14:02.800
<v Speaker 2>But the biggest bummer for me it was hard to

1:14:02.800 --> 1:14:05.679
<v Speaker 2>find more up to date studies. So the two best

1:14:05.720 --> 1:14:08.599
<v Speaker 2>ones that I found that were really like overviews of

1:14:09.160 --> 1:14:13.280
<v Speaker 2>especially those the detox diets and the detox pathways and things.

1:14:14.520 --> 1:14:16.719
<v Speaker 2>The two best papers I found were both from twenty fifteen.

1:14:16.880 --> 1:14:20.799
<v Speaker 2>One was by Hodges and Miniche and it was titled

1:14:20.840 --> 1:14:25.160
<v Speaker 2>Modulation of Metabolic Detoxification Pathways using Foods and food derived Components.

1:14:25.200 --> 1:14:28.559
<v Speaker 2>A Scientific Review with Clinical Application, and the other one

1:14:28.600 --> 1:14:32.280
<v Speaker 2>was by Klein and Kiat, also twenty fifteen, Detox Diets

1:14:32.280 --> 1:14:35.040
<v Speaker 2>for Toxin Elimination and weight management, a critical review of

1:14:35.040 --> 1:14:37.679
<v Speaker 2>the evidence. There was one other one from twenty seventeen

1:14:37.720 --> 1:14:40.320
<v Speaker 2>that was really more focused on weight loss strategies, but

1:14:40.320 --> 1:14:41.960
<v Speaker 2>they had a little bit about detox but there wasn't

1:14:41.960 --> 1:14:43.840
<v Speaker 2>a lot of updated ones. I also had a few

1:14:43.880 --> 1:14:47.160
<v Speaker 2>different papers that go way more deep dive if you

1:14:47.240 --> 1:14:51.240
<v Speaker 2>want it, on hipatosite detoxification and like detoxification pathways in

1:14:51.240 --> 1:14:53.680
<v Speaker 2>the liver. So there's a paper from nineteen ninety one

1:14:53.720 --> 1:14:55.960
<v Speaker 2>and a book chapter from twenty eighteen, and then I

1:14:56.000 --> 1:14:58.559
<v Speaker 2>have more, like I said, including ones that were written

1:14:58.600 --> 1:15:02.120
<v Speaker 2>by people who are huge opponents of the idea of detoxification.

1:15:02.640 --> 1:15:05.040
<v Speaker 2>So you can find them all on our website this

1:15:05.120 --> 1:15:07.160
<v Speaker 2>podcast will Kill You dot com.

1:15:07.000 --> 1:15:10.320
<v Speaker 1>You can big thank you to Bloodmobile for providing the

1:15:10.400 --> 1:15:12.680
<v Speaker 1>music for this episode in all of our episodes.

1:15:13.040 --> 1:15:16.799
<v Speaker 2>Thank you to Leana SQUWATCHI and Tom Briifogel and Pete

1:15:16.880 --> 1:15:21.280
<v Speaker 2>I really don't know everyone's last name, Pete and Brenda,

1:15:21.439 --> 1:15:24.639
<v Speaker 2>Jessica and everyone that makes this possible.

1:15:25.040 --> 1:15:27.280
<v Speaker 1>Yes, thank you, thank you, and thank you to you

1:15:27.479 --> 1:15:29.160
<v Speaker 1>listeners and watchers.

1:15:30.360 --> 1:15:32.640
<v Speaker 4>Happy twenty twenty six. Welcome to another year of this

1:15:32.680 --> 1:15:33.600
<v Speaker 4>podcast Will Kill You.

1:15:33.760 --> 1:15:36.240
<v Speaker 2>Oh thanks for reviewing. Subscribe We forgot to say that

1:15:36.280 --> 1:15:37.320
<v Speaker 2>at the beginning.

1:15:37.240 --> 1:15:40.120
<v Speaker 1>Start off your year right by rating, reviewing, and subscribing

1:15:40.160 --> 1:15:41.200
<v Speaker 1>to this podcast will.

1:15:41.120 --> 1:15:44.400
<v Speaker 3>Kill you would like it. That's really good you and

1:15:44.520 --> 1:15:45.679
<v Speaker 3>thank you as always.

1:15:45.760 --> 1:15:49.639
<v Speaker 2>Speaking of subscribing to our patrons, we really really appreciate

1:15:49.640 --> 1:15:50.639
<v Speaker 2>your support so much.

1:15:50.840 --> 1:15:55.320
<v Speaker 4>We reabsolutely do. Until next time, wash your hands.

1:15:55.040 --> 1:15:58.560
<v Speaker 3>You feelthy animals.

1:16:02.280 --> 1:16:14.000
<v Speaker 8>Ob Buba, Buba, Buba

1:16:17.080 --> 1:16:17.360
<v Speaker 7>Bum