1 00:00:00,240 --> 00:00:03,120 Speaker 1: Brought to you by Bank of America Merrill Lynch seeing 2 00:00:03,120 --> 00:00:05,600 Speaker 1: what others have seen, but uncovering what others may not. 3 00:00:06,000 --> 00:00:09,680 Speaker 1: Global Research that helps you harness disruption voted top global 4 00:00:09,720 --> 00:00:13,000 Speaker 1: research from five years running. Meryll Lynch, Pierce, Fenner and 5 00:00:13,080 --> 00:00:15,720 Speaker 1: Smith Incorporated. But if I were to sit down with 6 00:00:15,760 --> 00:00:18,479 Speaker 1: the President elect, I'd say, you have two ways to 7 00:00:18,480 --> 00:00:21,320 Speaker 1: see China. You can see China through a fear of prism, 8 00:00:21,480 --> 00:00:24,279 Speaker 1: and you can you can articulate the U. S. China 9 00:00:24,320 --> 00:00:27,640 Speaker 1: relationship through fear to the American people, which I think 10 00:00:27,680 --> 00:00:31,479 Speaker 1: does it a disservice, Or you can articulated through a 11 00:00:31,560 --> 00:00:35,120 Speaker 1: prism of of opportunity, which I think there is a 12 00:00:35,159 --> 00:00:46,159 Speaker 1: lot of on both sides. Hello, and welcome back to 13 00:00:46,200 --> 00:00:49,760 Speaker 1: Bloomberg Benchmark, a show about the global economy. I'm Scott 14 00:00:49,800 --> 00:00:53,120 Speaker 1: landman and economics editor with Bloomberg News in Washington, and 15 00:00:53,200 --> 00:00:56,960 Speaker 1: I'm Danielmost, Executive editor for Global Economics at Bloomberg in 16 00:00:57,040 --> 00:00:59,920 Speaker 1: New York. So, Dan, we heard a lot about China 17 00:01:00,040 --> 00:01:04,080 Speaker 1: during the past year's election campaign. President elect Donald Trump 18 00:01:04,120 --> 00:01:07,360 Speaker 1: spent a lot of time bashing China, talking about how 19 00:01:07,360 --> 00:01:11,680 Speaker 1: it's manipulated its currency, taking jobs away from Americans. He's 20 00:01:11,680 --> 00:01:14,880 Speaker 1: also pledged to pull out of a Pacific RIM trade accord, 21 00:01:14,920 --> 00:01:17,639 Speaker 1: which gives China an opening to do its own big 22 00:01:17,680 --> 00:01:21,679 Speaker 1: pan Asian trade deals. And while we're on transitions, China 23 00:01:21,840 --> 00:01:24,959 Speaker 1: is going through one of its own. The ruling Communist 24 00:01:25,040 --> 00:01:28,720 Speaker 1: Party is gearing up to elect their words it's new 25 00:01:28,840 --> 00:01:33,240 Speaker 1: leadership team late next year. The speculation the President, Shi 26 00:01:33,360 --> 00:01:38,000 Speaker 1: jing Ping, who took office as party secretary in could 27 00:01:38,040 --> 00:01:41,920 Speaker 1: set himself up to lead the nation beyond tennees, which 28 00:01:41,920 --> 00:01:44,600 Speaker 1: would break with race and practice and hawken back to 29 00:01:44,640 --> 00:01:47,440 Speaker 1: the days of Chairman Mao. And in addition to a 30 00:01:47,520 --> 00:01:51,240 Speaker 1: political transition, the country is also going through a profound 31 00:01:51,400 --> 00:01:56,040 Speaker 1: economic transition. The China that Trump ranted and raved about 32 00:01:56,120 --> 00:01:59,840 Speaker 1: during the campaign sounds like the low cost, low end 33 00:02:00,040 --> 00:02:04,240 Speaker 1: sweatshop image stuck in the ninety nineties. But today it's 34 00:02:04,280 --> 00:02:07,920 Speaker 1: not really about T shirts in Guangdong Province. It's about 35 00:02:07,960 --> 00:02:11,160 Speaker 1: the Starbucks sprouting up all around the suburbs of Beijing 36 00:02:11,200 --> 00:02:13,959 Speaker 1: and Shanghai. We have a distinguished guest today who can 37 00:02:14,040 --> 00:02:18,040 Speaker 1: offer insight like few others on China's economy and politics. 38 00:02:18,400 --> 00:02:21,760 Speaker 1: John Huntsman served as US Ambassador to China in the 39 00:02:21,800 --> 00:02:25,600 Speaker 1: early years of the Obama administration and before that, elected 40 00:02:25,639 --> 00:02:29,880 Speaker 1: twice as Republican governor of Utah. He's now co chairman 41 00:02:30,160 --> 00:02:33,520 Speaker 1: with Joe Lieberman of No Labels, a group trying to 42 00:02:33,639 --> 00:02:37,639 Speaker 1: push a nonpartisan economic agenda. He's also chairman of the 43 00:02:37,680 --> 00:02:41,239 Speaker 1: Atlantic Council, I think tank in d C. And let's 44 00:02:41,240 --> 00:02:45,239 Speaker 1: not forget briefly ran for President. John. We really appreciate 45 00:02:45,280 --> 00:02:47,520 Speaker 1: you being here. Thank you Dan's guard. It's a pleasure 46 00:02:47,520 --> 00:02:50,600 Speaker 1: to be with you. John. I just described Trump's image 47 00:02:50,600 --> 00:02:53,919 Speaker 1: of China, one that probably looms large in the minds 48 00:02:53,919 --> 00:02:57,600 Speaker 1: of many Americans. You were there for two years as ambassador, 49 00:02:57,760 --> 00:03:01,799 Speaker 1: visited there many times. UH have deep connections there. How 50 00:03:01,880 --> 00:03:05,440 Speaker 1: much of that picture that Trump described as true? And 51 00:03:05,919 --> 00:03:09,399 Speaker 1: if you're briefing him on China, what would you tell him? Well, 52 00:03:09,560 --> 00:03:12,640 Speaker 1: I think you have to see China. Uh. First of all, 53 00:03:12,720 --> 00:03:15,400 Speaker 1: let's recognize where we are. We're in the political season. 54 00:03:15,400 --> 00:03:19,600 Speaker 1: We're ending one aspect of political season. We're about to 55 00:03:19,639 --> 00:03:23,640 Speaker 1: start the governing aspects of presidential politics. While at the 56 00:03:23,680 --> 00:03:28,600 Speaker 1: same time in China, you've also got a political dynamic 57 00:03:28,639 --> 00:03:31,280 Speaker 1: playing out in the run up to the nineteenth Party Congress, 58 00:03:31,320 --> 00:03:33,520 Speaker 1: which will take place about a year from now. Party 59 00:03:33,520 --> 00:03:36,560 Speaker 1: congresses they have every five years and have since the 60 00:03:36,600 --> 00:03:40,760 Speaker 1: death of Mantzedong in nineteen six. So the peculiarity here 61 00:03:40,920 --> 00:03:43,520 Speaker 1: is that you've got politics playing out in the United 62 00:03:43,560 --> 00:03:47,200 Speaker 1: States and we're about to begin a political season in China, 63 00:03:47,280 --> 00:03:50,000 Speaker 1: and they're almost running into each other in the form 64 00:03:50,040 --> 00:03:52,600 Speaker 1: of a head on collision, which means on both sides, 65 00:03:52,640 --> 00:03:57,080 Speaker 1: we're going to hear most more nativist talk, more nationalistic talk. 66 00:03:57,280 --> 00:04:00,240 Speaker 1: We're going to talk about closing markets, not opening them. 67 00:04:00,280 --> 00:04:02,880 Speaker 1: We're going to hear more about saber rattling as opposed 68 00:04:02,920 --> 00:04:05,800 Speaker 1: to collaboration. I think this is to be expected, But 69 00:04:05,880 --> 00:04:07,880 Speaker 1: if I were to sit down with the President elect, 70 00:04:08,480 --> 00:04:10,800 Speaker 1: I'd say, you have two ways to see China. You 71 00:04:10,800 --> 00:04:12,960 Speaker 1: can see China through a fear of prism and you 72 00:04:13,000 --> 00:04:16,520 Speaker 1: can you can articulate the U. S. China relationship through 73 00:04:16,600 --> 00:04:19,160 Speaker 1: fear to the American people, which I think does it 74 00:04:19,440 --> 00:04:23,400 Speaker 1: a disservice, Or you can articulated through a prism of 75 00:04:23,400 --> 00:04:26,760 Speaker 1: of opportunity, which I think there is a lot of 76 00:04:26,880 --> 00:04:29,479 Speaker 1: on both sides. But you have to carefully balance the 77 00:04:29,520 --> 00:04:31,880 Speaker 1: two to be sure. You have to recognize that we 78 00:04:31,960 --> 00:04:35,279 Speaker 1: have some irreconcilable differences. You can spend a lot of 79 00:04:35,320 --> 00:04:37,080 Speaker 1: time talking about them, but in the end there are 80 00:04:37,080 --> 00:04:40,800 Speaker 1: no easy solutions. But as we talk about those, don't 81 00:04:40,800 --> 00:04:43,720 Speaker 1: forget that we're we're wasting a lot of time by 82 00:04:43,760 --> 00:04:47,880 Speaker 1: not talking about areas of commonality and collaboration. Uh. And 83 00:04:47,960 --> 00:04:53,080 Speaker 1: they include economic opportunities both on trade and investment, on 84 00:04:53,160 --> 00:04:57,680 Speaker 1: intellectual property protection, on the advancement of technology, opening markets 85 00:04:57,720 --> 00:05:00,880 Speaker 1: where they are closed, helping China and make its transition 86 00:05:00,920 --> 00:05:03,400 Speaker 1: from the old investment led export model to more of 87 00:05:03,440 --> 00:05:06,600 Speaker 1: a consumption model, which is very good for US exports 88 00:05:06,600 --> 00:05:08,880 Speaker 1: longer term. And there are a lot of areas of 89 00:05:08,920 --> 00:05:13,680 Speaker 1: commonality on the security side, notwithstanding our friction in the 90 00:05:13,680 --> 00:05:17,039 Speaker 1: South China Sea in the East China Sea, let's not 91 00:05:17,120 --> 00:05:20,400 Speaker 1: forget we have a common cause as it relates to 92 00:05:20,480 --> 00:05:24,360 Speaker 1: counter terrorism. We both want to calm down the Middle East. 93 00:05:24,800 --> 00:05:26,719 Speaker 1: We want to make sure that the supply and the 94 00:05:26,760 --> 00:05:31,000 Speaker 1: trade routes are are protected for purposes of prosperity, and 95 00:05:31,040 --> 00:05:34,760 Speaker 1: we want to be prepared for disaster relief. When disaster strikes, 96 00:05:34,760 --> 00:05:37,520 Speaker 1: how we can go to the aid of those affected countries. 97 00:05:37,720 --> 00:05:40,680 Speaker 1: So there's a lot to be done on the on 98 00:05:40,760 --> 00:05:42,919 Speaker 1: the positive side of the ledger, but we have to 99 00:05:42,960 --> 00:05:46,120 Speaker 1: manage the downside friction as well, which is never an 100 00:05:46,120 --> 00:05:50,720 Speaker 1: easy thing. So is the politics driving the economics at 101 00:05:50,760 --> 00:05:54,560 Speaker 1: this moment or is the economics driving the politics? Well, 102 00:05:54,560 --> 00:05:57,120 Speaker 1: that's that's a very very good question. I would say 103 00:05:57,279 --> 00:06:00,920 Speaker 1: politics are driving much of the economy x because there 104 00:06:01,120 --> 00:06:04,320 Speaker 1: is evidence that economics are driving some of the fear 105 00:06:04,800 --> 00:06:07,880 Speaker 1: uh and anxiety that people feel here in the United States. 106 00:06:08,520 --> 00:06:12,560 Speaker 1: Uh So, I suspect we're going to see some early 107 00:06:12,839 --> 00:06:17,560 Speaker 1: clashes in the in the Trump administration. He has said 108 00:06:17,560 --> 00:06:21,039 Speaker 1: that he would cite China as a currency manipulator. So 109 00:06:21,200 --> 00:06:23,599 Speaker 1: let's just say that he does that on day one, 110 00:06:23,680 --> 00:06:26,120 Speaker 1: which he said he would do. That takes us to 111 00:06:26,200 --> 00:06:31,600 Speaker 1: January twenty or one. The Treasury Department, which manages these issues, 112 00:06:31,640 --> 00:06:36,080 Speaker 1: has a semi annual report to Congress on currency manipulating countries. 113 00:06:36,680 --> 00:06:39,760 Speaker 1: The next one up is in April. So if this 114 00:06:39,880 --> 00:06:43,520 Speaker 1: just plays out as as it might, you could have 115 00:06:43,640 --> 00:06:47,080 Speaker 1: China deemed a currency manipulator, which is in words only. 116 00:06:47,600 --> 00:06:50,719 Speaker 1: But I suspect there may be some appetite on Capitol Hill, 117 00:06:50,839 --> 00:06:54,039 Speaker 1: given that you've got a new balance of power on 118 00:06:54,080 --> 00:06:57,560 Speaker 1: the Republican side in Congress that might want to stand 119 00:06:57,600 --> 00:07:01,480 Speaker 1: behind Donald Trump because it does play well politically back home. 120 00:07:01,640 --> 00:07:04,840 Speaker 1: And there are reasons that China is not playing by 121 00:07:05,279 --> 00:07:09,279 Speaker 1: the playbook that everyone agreed to, at least under the 122 00:07:09,480 --> 00:07:11,960 Speaker 1: w t O as session documents back back in two 123 00:07:11,960 --> 00:07:15,200 Speaker 1: thousand one. UH. And if China were or if if 124 00:07:15,240 --> 00:07:19,240 Speaker 1: the US Congress were to slap sanctions onto a currency 125 00:07:19,320 --> 00:07:24,760 Speaker 1: manipulation bill, you could have some early days that that 126 00:07:25,000 --> 00:07:28,280 Speaker 1: would include some some back and forth on the economic side, 127 00:07:28,280 --> 00:07:30,760 Speaker 1: because China with then retaliate, of course in kind, and 128 00:07:30,760 --> 00:07:32,880 Speaker 1: then you'd see a spiraling out of control of the 129 00:07:32,920 --> 00:07:36,680 Speaker 1: bilateral trade and economic relationship until some equilibrium was found 130 00:07:37,080 --> 00:07:39,400 Speaker 1: a little bit like the Tires case early on in 131 00:07:39,440 --> 00:07:43,160 Speaker 1: the Obama administration. The great irony of this, though, is 132 00:07:43,200 --> 00:07:46,560 Speaker 1: if China is manipulating the currency now, it's to prevent 133 00:07:46,640 --> 00:07:50,600 Speaker 1: it from weakening. Why would Donald Trump want a week 134 00:07:50,920 --> 00:07:53,440 Speaker 1: you want, Well, this is where you've got to sit 135 00:07:53,480 --> 00:07:55,520 Speaker 1: down with the economists and you you have to you 136 00:07:55,560 --> 00:07:58,920 Speaker 1: have to get the real story. So are they purposefully 137 00:07:59,040 --> 00:08:03,400 Speaker 1: manipulating the running b or is it taken down as 138 00:08:03,400 --> 00:08:07,560 Speaker 1: a result of an economy that is performing poorly? UH? 139 00:08:07,560 --> 00:08:10,480 Speaker 1: And capital outflows are they you know, so they're protecting 140 00:08:10,480 --> 00:08:12,680 Speaker 1: their currency to the tune of maybe sixty to a 141 00:08:12,760 --> 00:08:15,640 Speaker 1: hundred billion dollars a month and have been for many months, 142 00:08:16,040 --> 00:08:18,720 Speaker 1: which has taken their their foreign exchange reserves from four 143 00:08:18,800 --> 00:08:21,760 Speaker 1: drillion maybe down to three point one where it sits today. 144 00:08:21,840 --> 00:08:24,880 Speaker 1: So I think these are emergency measures that the Chinese 145 00:08:24,880 --> 00:08:28,880 Speaker 1: are taken, just taking just to keep the currency afloat, uh, 146 00:08:29,360 --> 00:08:34,000 Speaker 1: not manipulating for purposes of cheap chief exports. So once 147 00:08:34,080 --> 00:08:38,000 Speaker 1: the facts are on the table, uh, And that rarely 148 00:08:38,120 --> 00:08:40,320 Speaker 1: is the case when you're in the middle of a campaign, 149 00:08:40,400 --> 00:08:42,160 Speaker 1: But once you're president, you've got to take a look 150 00:08:42,160 --> 00:08:44,200 Speaker 1: at the facts and then and then based policy on 151 00:08:44,240 --> 00:08:47,280 Speaker 1: that you might have you might have a different outcome. Well, 152 00:08:47,320 --> 00:08:51,200 Speaker 1: you have a Democratic Senate leader, Chuck Schumer, who who 153 00:08:51,240 --> 00:08:54,440 Speaker 1: has been uh, you know, leading this issue for many 154 00:08:54,520 --> 00:08:58,680 Speaker 1: years to call China currency manipulator. He has a kindred spirit, 155 00:08:58,720 --> 00:09:02,880 Speaker 1: it seems now in President elect Trump. Is there anything 156 00:09:03,200 --> 00:09:04,760 Speaker 1: I mean you say that maybe when they see the 157 00:09:04,760 --> 00:09:07,880 Speaker 1: facts on the ground, they might they might halt. Is 158 00:09:07,920 --> 00:09:10,120 Speaker 1: there anything to to really stop them now? Or do 159 00:09:10,120 --> 00:09:12,440 Speaker 1: you think you know, we're really on the verge of 160 00:09:12,440 --> 00:09:15,400 Speaker 1: of going down that route. I suspect there will be 161 00:09:16,280 --> 00:09:19,880 Speaker 1: a fulfillment of Trump's promise to cite them as a 162 00:09:19,920 --> 00:09:22,920 Speaker 1: currency manipulator. I think the question will then become, are 163 00:09:23,000 --> 00:09:28,040 Speaker 1: their punitive sanctions that back up those words from Congress? Uh? 164 00:09:28,080 --> 00:09:31,720 Speaker 1: And if there are, I think we're in for uh, 165 00:09:31,880 --> 00:09:35,560 Speaker 1: you know, a wild ride economically in the first six months. 166 00:09:36,160 --> 00:09:39,200 Speaker 1: So this is an example of a president of fulfilling 167 00:09:39,240 --> 00:09:41,360 Speaker 1: their campaign promise, and I think the Chinese, on the 168 00:09:41,400 --> 00:09:44,400 Speaker 1: other side, are are fully prepared for that. The question 169 00:09:44,440 --> 00:09:47,640 Speaker 1: will be how do they then retaliate and does that 170 00:09:47,760 --> 00:09:50,680 Speaker 1: cause a counter retaliation and then a spiraling out of 171 00:09:50,679 --> 00:09:55,480 Speaker 1: control of the economic relationship, which UH makes it more 172 00:09:55,520 --> 00:09:59,199 Speaker 1: difficult to invest to trade. There's a loss in confidence 173 00:09:59,240 --> 00:10:02,040 Speaker 1: overall that we we wipe out a year or two 174 00:10:02,160 --> 00:10:05,520 Speaker 1: of productive economic engagement. I think the first few months 175 00:10:05,559 --> 00:10:08,400 Speaker 1: will really be telling well. And to be fair, Donald 176 00:10:08,440 --> 00:10:13,080 Speaker 1: Trump was not the first presidential candidate to bash China 177 00:10:13,160 --> 00:10:17,440 Speaker 1: on the campaign trial Bill Clinton famously referred to the 178 00:10:17,520 --> 00:10:21,680 Speaker 1: butchers of Beijing. Yet if anything, the economic relationship with 179 00:10:21,760 --> 00:10:25,680 Speaker 1: China became far more intimate under his administration. How do 180 00:10:25,720 --> 00:10:28,280 Speaker 1: you see this shaking out in reality? Well, you can 181 00:10:28,320 --> 00:10:30,240 Speaker 1: go all the way back to Ronald Reagan. I remember 182 00:10:30,280 --> 00:10:32,280 Speaker 1: because I worked for him when he talked about moving 183 00:10:32,280 --> 00:10:35,000 Speaker 1: our ambassador out of Beijing. Remember we we we had 184 00:10:35,000 --> 00:10:37,800 Speaker 1: the fulfillment of the Shanghai community in nineteen seventy nine 185 00:10:37,840 --> 00:10:41,080 Speaker 1: under Jimmy Carter, our ambassador went from Taipei to Beijing. 186 00:10:41,559 --> 00:10:45,040 Speaker 1: Ronald Reagan talked about bringing him back to Taibei uh 187 00:10:45,080 --> 00:10:47,200 Speaker 1: and then made a famous trip. I was on that 188 00:10:47,240 --> 00:10:48,840 Speaker 1: trip with him as part of the staff in the 189 00:10:48,840 --> 00:10:52,360 Speaker 1: early nineteen eighties and spoke to a billion Chinese people 190 00:10:52,400 --> 00:10:56,679 Speaker 1: on live television and had warm discussions with Dung Hiao 191 00:10:56,760 --> 00:10:58,480 Speaker 1: Ping and some of the other early leaders where they 192 00:10:58,480 --> 00:11:01,040 Speaker 1: talked about most favored nations, aid that they talked about 193 00:11:01,080 --> 00:11:03,760 Speaker 1: non proliferation. You never would have guessed that in the 194 00:11:03,800 --> 00:11:07,079 Speaker 1: heat of the nineteen eighty campaign, and the same U 195 00:11:07,160 --> 00:11:09,600 Speaker 1: site with Bill Clinton, and the list goes on and 196 00:11:09,640 --> 00:11:12,199 Speaker 1: on and on. So the governing aspects of the U. S. 197 00:11:12,320 --> 00:11:15,120 Speaker 1: China relationship are are a lot different than the campaign 198 00:11:15,200 --> 00:11:18,640 Speaker 1: aspects of the U. S. China relationship. So once in office, 199 00:11:18,679 --> 00:11:21,320 Speaker 1: you have to look at your stakes, your equities UH 200 00:11:21,320 --> 00:11:23,880 Speaker 1: and and how you can manage what clearly is the 201 00:11:23,880 --> 00:11:26,640 Speaker 1: most important relationship of the twenty century. Now, now you 202 00:11:26,679 --> 00:11:29,320 Speaker 1: might be a little biased on this question, but how 203 00:11:29,360 --> 00:11:32,760 Speaker 1: much does it matter who President elect picks as his 204 00:11:32,840 --> 00:11:36,960 Speaker 1: ambassador to China, And how important is the ambassador's role 205 00:11:37,040 --> 00:11:41,200 Speaker 1: in managing that relationship compared with say the president or 206 00:11:41,240 --> 00:11:45,040 Speaker 1: the Secretary of State or the Treasury secretary. I think 207 00:11:45,080 --> 00:11:47,800 Speaker 1: the and I am a little bit biased having served 208 00:11:47,800 --> 00:11:52,080 Speaker 1: in that position, I think the ambassador in Beijing is 209 00:11:52,200 --> 00:11:56,840 Speaker 1: disproportionately important because the part of the role is to 210 00:11:56,920 --> 00:12:00,720 Speaker 1: explain the U S system to Chinese leaders, to party 211 00:12:00,800 --> 00:12:05,800 Speaker 1: leaders who oftentimes are very confused about how we do business. Uh. 212 00:12:05,840 --> 00:12:08,400 Speaker 1: And then on the flip side, it's too explain to 213 00:12:08,480 --> 00:12:11,920 Speaker 1: senior leaders in the US government how the Chinese side 214 00:12:11,960 --> 00:12:14,920 Speaker 1: works and how through it all we can actually come 215 00:12:15,000 --> 00:12:18,719 Speaker 1: up with with a strategy, bilateral strategy to get a 216 00:12:18,760 --> 00:12:21,800 Speaker 1: few things done. Because the stakes are so high on 217 00:12:21,840 --> 00:12:24,719 Speaker 1: both sides, and because both are members of the U 218 00:12:24,880 --> 00:12:27,720 Speaker 1: N Security Council, both are nuclear armed, We've got the 219 00:12:27,800 --> 00:12:31,199 Speaker 1: two largest economies on the face of the earth, growing 220 00:12:31,280 --> 00:12:35,160 Speaker 1: numbers of disputes. It's ever important to have an ambassador 221 00:12:35,240 --> 00:12:39,280 Speaker 1: who can carry messages back and forth. But in the end, 222 00:12:39,440 --> 00:12:43,360 Speaker 1: let's face it, it really will depend on how much 223 00:12:43,960 --> 00:12:47,120 Speaker 1: skin the president wants to put in the game. So 224 00:12:47,280 --> 00:12:49,360 Speaker 1: if you want to just sort of manage the downside 225 00:12:50,080 --> 00:12:53,520 Speaker 1: without any sense of building the upside capacity, you can 226 00:12:53,559 --> 00:12:56,840 Speaker 1: do that. You can sort of manage downside friction and 227 00:12:56,920 --> 00:12:59,360 Speaker 1: risks and all of that, but you lose the upside 228 00:12:59,360 --> 00:13:03,199 Speaker 1: potential of the relationship. We haven't had in quite some time. 229 00:13:03,920 --> 00:13:06,120 Speaker 1: Uh And I would say Richard Nixon tried to do 230 00:13:06,160 --> 00:13:12,000 Speaker 1: this when he kicked off the relationship shortly after is 231 00:13:12,040 --> 00:13:16,000 Speaker 1: managing a true strategic dialogue which takes a little bit 232 00:13:16,000 --> 00:13:18,560 Speaker 1: of what the Chinese want and what the United States want. 233 00:13:19,559 --> 00:13:22,320 Speaker 1: But it's sort of countercultural for us because we're short 234 00:13:22,440 --> 00:13:26,680 Speaker 1: term thinkers, were more transactional. We negotiate in ways that 235 00:13:26,720 --> 00:13:30,000 Speaker 1: achieve a certain defined outcome. The Chinese, on the other hand, 236 00:13:30,080 --> 00:13:33,440 Speaker 1: want to think in terms of forty years. Uh. And 237 00:13:33,960 --> 00:13:36,600 Speaker 1: we haven't been able to really strike a long term 238 00:13:36,640 --> 00:13:41,000 Speaker 1: strategic relationship that spell out our goals over a long 239 00:13:41,080 --> 00:13:45,079 Speaker 1: period of time. And I would advocate for any incoming 240 00:13:45,600 --> 00:13:49,360 Speaker 1: president of the United States to build a strategy visa 241 00:13:49,360 --> 00:13:52,520 Speaker 1: of Eachina that serves US interests, that brings on a 242 00:13:52,559 --> 00:13:57,520 Speaker 1: bilateral basis problem solvers together in State Department, Treasury, Commerce, 243 00:13:57,880 --> 00:14:00,960 Speaker 1: Defense Department in ways that do more than just talk 244 00:14:01,040 --> 00:14:03,640 Speaker 1: about the tactical, but are able to engage in more 245 00:14:03,640 --> 00:14:06,240 Speaker 1: of the strategic. Just going back to your time on 246 00:14:06,320 --> 00:14:09,720 Speaker 1: White House staff in the eighties again, does this sound 247 00:14:09,800 --> 00:14:13,240 Speaker 1: like the white people talked about the US Japan relationship 248 00:14:13,400 --> 00:14:16,840 Speaker 1: back in the eighties in the early nineties in terms 249 00:14:16,920 --> 00:14:21,880 Speaker 1: of economic mercantilism. Yes, because I was also in a 250 00:14:21,960 --> 00:14:26,480 Speaker 1: trade position in the eighties which brought me in contact 251 00:14:26,960 --> 00:14:31,160 Speaker 1: with Japan UH, and we had the structural impediments initiative, 252 00:14:31,680 --> 00:14:34,480 Speaker 1: you know, we had all kinds of concerns about their 253 00:14:34,520 --> 00:14:39,720 Speaker 1: mercantilistic behavior and activity, only to find and tremendous levels 254 00:14:39,720 --> 00:14:42,840 Speaker 1: of investments coming in the United into the United States, 255 00:14:42,880 --> 00:14:46,240 Speaker 1: buying a lot of trophy UH investments that are well 256 00:14:46,240 --> 00:14:49,160 Speaker 1: known by by most of your listeners, H. And that 257 00:14:49,240 --> 00:14:51,920 Speaker 1: all came to an end, and the structural efficiencies were 258 00:14:51,920 --> 00:14:56,480 Speaker 1: never adequately addressed in Japanese policy making, and they still 259 00:14:56,480 --> 00:14:59,520 Speaker 1: exist today. I would say in the case of China, 260 00:14:59,680 --> 00:15:05,080 Speaker 1: it is a more resilient economy, it's mercantilistic today. One 261 00:15:05,080 --> 00:15:08,240 Speaker 1: of the big problems is You've got state owned enterprises 262 00:15:08,280 --> 00:15:10,800 Speaker 1: a hundred and fifty thousand of them that have not 263 00:15:10,920 --> 00:15:16,560 Speaker 1: been touched, that have gone beyond being reformed. Some of 264 00:15:16,600 --> 00:15:18,600 Speaker 1: them have been built up in recent years as a 265 00:15:18,640 --> 00:15:24,640 Speaker 1: matter of fact, and they are backwaters of of inefficiencies. UH. 266 00:15:24,680 --> 00:15:30,440 Speaker 1: Sweetheart contracts for princeling UH, princeling members of Chinese society. 267 00:15:30,480 --> 00:15:34,040 Speaker 1: They get discounted capital, they get cheaper raw materials, and 268 00:15:34,080 --> 00:15:39,720 Speaker 1: they basically engage in nationalistic business practices, and no one 269 00:15:39,720 --> 00:15:42,840 Speaker 1: has had the political will to take them on UH. 270 00:15:42,880 --> 00:15:45,480 Speaker 1: And I suspect that if if the third plan of 271 00:15:45,600 --> 00:15:49,600 Speaker 1: reforms that Chi Jinping talked about after the last Party Congress, 272 00:15:49,680 --> 00:15:53,840 Speaker 1: the eighteenth Party Congress, in if thet or if the 273 00:15:53,880 --> 00:15:56,640 Speaker 1: third plan of reforms which were talked about in the 274 00:15:56,720 --> 00:15:59,640 Speaker 1: end of twenty are to come to fruition which really 275 00:15:59,680 --> 00:16:02,520 Speaker 1: get to the heart and soul of cleaning up the system, 276 00:16:02,560 --> 00:16:04,480 Speaker 1: the state owned enterprises are going to have to be 277 00:16:05,160 --> 00:16:11,040 Speaker 1: dealt with realistically, brought down, bankrupted, a new debt market 278 00:16:11,160 --> 00:16:14,320 Speaker 1: established in order to accommodate some of the inefficiencies. If 279 00:16:14,440 --> 00:16:16,520 Speaker 1: if that isn't done, I think the Chinese economy is 280 00:16:16,560 --> 00:16:20,160 Speaker 1: in for long term serious problems. Japan never dealt with 281 00:16:20,200 --> 00:16:22,720 Speaker 1: those inefficiencies, and we're seeing what what what that is 282 00:16:22,880 --> 00:16:25,360 Speaker 1: brought about. I was there three years ago for those 283 00:16:25,560 --> 00:16:28,080 Speaker 1: the announcement of those Third Plenum reforms, and we're still 284 00:16:28,160 --> 00:16:33,120 Speaker 1: waiting for some of them to to be implemented. Let's 285 00:16:33,320 --> 00:16:35,720 Speaker 1: leave that thought there and take a quick break for 286 00:16:35,760 --> 00:16:48,280 Speaker 1: a word from our sponsor. Will be right back. Brought 287 00:16:48,320 --> 00:16:51,040 Speaker 1: to you by Bank of America. Meryll Lynch. Seeing what 288 00:16:51,080 --> 00:16:54,200 Speaker 1: others have seen, but uncovering what others may not. Global 289 00:16:54,240 --> 00:16:57,880 Speaker 1: research that helps you harness disruption voted top global research 290 00:16:57,960 --> 00:17:01,920 Speaker 1: from five years running. Mary Lynch, Pierce, Venner and Smith Incorporated. 291 00:17:10,160 --> 00:17:15,159 Speaker 1: And we're back John. Let's turn to China's so called elections, 292 00:17:14,920 --> 00:17:17,399 Speaker 1: that's the word they use. But at all levels the 293 00:17:17,480 --> 00:17:20,800 Speaker 1: candidates are picked by the Communist Party, so anyone who 294 00:17:20,920 --> 00:17:24,400 Speaker 1: votes doesn't actually have a choice of candidates. We don't 295 00:17:24,400 --> 00:17:26,760 Speaker 1: get to see the kinds of deals and machinations that 296 00:17:26,840 --> 00:17:30,240 Speaker 1: happened behind the scenes that they do to choose the 297 00:17:30,320 --> 00:17:33,000 Speaker 1: leaders all the way up to the top level. And 298 00:17:33,080 --> 00:17:35,040 Speaker 1: yet when you take a long view of it, this 299 00:17:35,160 --> 00:17:38,880 Speaker 1: authoritarian system has lifted hundreds of millions of people out 300 00:17:38,920 --> 00:17:42,320 Speaker 1: of poverty, kept the economy growing at a relatively rapid 301 00:17:42,400 --> 00:17:46,520 Speaker 1: pace and made China into a global power. They like 302 00:17:46,640 --> 00:17:49,520 Speaker 1: to criticize the way democracy works in the US and 303 00:17:49,600 --> 00:17:53,880 Speaker 1: other Western nations. Is there any merit in their viewpoint? Well, 304 00:17:53,920 --> 00:17:56,560 Speaker 1: I would also say they achieved that success through doing 305 00:17:56,600 --> 00:17:59,240 Speaker 1: it the old fashioned way and the and the easy way, 306 00:17:59,440 --> 00:18:02,159 Speaker 1: which is bad your currency, drawing on cheap labor, and 307 00:18:02,240 --> 00:18:05,160 Speaker 1: exporting products to the major markets of the world while 308 00:18:05,240 --> 00:18:09,240 Speaker 1: keeping your own domestic markets relatively locked up. Uh. And 309 00:18:09,280 --> 00:18:12,040 Speaker 1: now they're hitting the middle income trap, which is causing 310 00:18:12,080 --> 00:18:14,600 Speaker 1: a new reality for them. They have to transition into 311 00:18:14,640 --> 00:18:17,720 Speaker 1: a consumption model in order for their economy to prosper 312 00:18:18,040 --> 00:18:20,680 Speaker 1: longer term and for and for people to move more 313 00:18:20,720 --> 00:18:25,600 Speaker 1: into the middle income categories into the middle class. So 314 00:18:25,880 --> 00:18:28,119 Speaker 1: I see coming with that a lot of opportunities for 315 00:18:28,160 --> 00:18:31,879 Speaker 1: the United States. I see more more purchasing power on 316 00:18:31,920 --> 00:18:34,840 Speaker 1: the part of a consumer class. It will be hundreds 317 00:18:34,880 --> 00:18:37,440 Speaker 1: of millions strong, which is great for US exports. The 318 00:18:37,520 --> 00:18:41,040 Speaker 1: Chinese love to buy US products where they're available, and 319 00:18:41,040 --> 00:18:43,880 Speaker 1: I think increasingly will find more and more opportunity there. 320 00:18:44,359 --> 00:18:46,480 Speaker 1: And I think on the investment side, will see more 321 00:18:46,680 --> 00:18:48,960 Speaker 1: in the way of Chinese investment here in the United 322 00:18:49,000 --> 00:18:52,040 Speaker 1: States that will run more in parallel with US investment 323 00:18:52,119 --> 00:18:55,359 Speaker 1: in China. We're already seeing evidence of that, and the 324 00:18:55,359 --> 00:18:59,320 Speaker 1: political implications, of course, will be fairly profound domestically, as 325 00:18:59,560 --> 00:19:01,560 Speaker 1: Jen Ping pries to keep hold of a one party 326 00:19:01,600 --> 00:19:03,840 Speaker 1: system which doesn't want to be a one party system. 327 00:19:04,160 --> 00:19:07,360 Speaker 1: Let's talk about that shift to consumption for a moment. 328 00:19:08,200 --> 00:19:13,240 Speaker 1: Do you feel that, uh, the shift away from exports 329 00:19:13,240 --> 00:19:17,000 Speaker 1: and fixed usset investment to service as a consumption. Do 330 00:19:17,040 --> 00:19:20,320 Speaker 1: you think that is broadly understood in the United States? 331 00:19:20,880 --> 00:19:24,600 Speaker 1: In otherwise it's not your grandfather's Chinese economy anymore. No, No, 332 00:19:25,200 --> 00:19:28,920 Speaker 1: it isn't, um, and I don't think it's it's largely understood. 333 00:19:29,000 --> 00:19:31,600 Speaker 1: I think we're we still see China through a prism 334 00:19:31,680 --> 00:19:34,960 Speaker 1: that has maybe dated by twenty years. We're not looking 335 00:19:35,000 --> 00:19:38,880 Speaker 1: at online purchases, which if you so, don't look at 336 00:19:39,200 --> 00:19:45,000 Speaker 1: inventories of steel and coal and aluminum, which are off 337 00:19:45,040 --> 00:19:48,840 Speaker 1: the charts high um that that's not a good leading 338 00:19:48,880 --> 00:19:51,680 Speaker 1: indicator of where China's economy is going. It's where it's been. 339 00:19:52,840 --> 00:19:57,119 Speaker 1: The leading indicators really are our online sales. Look at 340 00:19:57,160 --> 00:20:01,439 Speaker 1: travel and tourism, look at airline seats, being purchased. UH. 341 00:20:01,640 --> 00:20:06,280 Speaker 1: Look at outbound tourism. UH. Look at legal and architectural services, 342 00:20:06,359 --> 00:20:09,800 Speaker 1: look at education and healthcare services. There's a lot going 343 00:20:09,840 --> 00:20:12,800 Speaker 1: on behind the scenes. And what is exciting for me 344 00:20:12,920 --> 00:20:15,679 Speaker 1: is the United States does extremely well in many of 345 00:20:15,680 --> 00:20:19,119 Speaker 1: these service related areas. And once the markets are more 346 00:20:19,119 --> 00:20:22,000 Speaker 1: and more open, UH, and we're able to define the 347 00:20:22,080 --> 00:20:24,440 Speaker 1: China of the twenty century as opposed to the late 348 00:20:25,119 --> 00:20:27,480 Speaker 1: twentieth century, I think we'll have more in the way 349 00:20:27,520 --> 00:20:30,320 Speaker 1: of opportunities. So it would be ironic if we got 350 00:20:30,320 --> 00:20:33,600 Speaker 1: into a trade wall with China based on a part 351 00:20:33,600 --> 00:20:37,920 Speaker 1: of the Chinese economy that effectively is over. Anyway is 352 00:20:37,960 --> 00:20:41,959 Speaker 1: effective is effectively over. As a matter of fact, you know, 353 00:20:42,040 --> 00:20:45,320 Speaker 1: the bloom is off the rose from a manufacturing standpoint, 354 00:20:45,359 --> 00:20:50,560 Speaker 1: that the golden days are are gone. China's labor rates 355 00:20:50,600 --> 00:20:53,520 Speaker 1: are are are on the on the rise. You've got 356 00:20:53,520 --> 00:20:57,159 Speaker 1: more people leaving the workforce than entering the workforce. By 357 00:20:57,240 --> 00:21:00,840 Speaker 1: they could be deficit twenty million workers. UH. And who's 358 00:21:00,840 --> 00:21:04,800 Speaker 1: picking it up. We'll take a look south into Vietnam, India, 359 00:21:05,119 --> 00:21:09,639 Speaker 1: Bangladesh and beyond. Uh. So China is fundamentally entering a 360 00:21:09,680 --> 00:21:12,959 Speaker 1: new playing field. From an economic standpoint, and we do 361 00:21:13,000 --> 00:21:16,760 Speaker 1: ourselves a disservice by not identifying properly where they're going 362 00:21:16,840 --> 00:21:20,680 Speaker 1: and what therefore the opportunities are for US investors and traders. 363 00:21:20,760 --> 00:21:26,280 Speaker 1: Why isn't that breaking through? Well, remember Dan that we're 364 00:21:26,320 --> 00:21:28,679 Speaker 1: still in a political season. And when you're in a 365 00:21:28,680 --> 00:21:32,280 Speaker 1: political season, you don't talk by way of opportunities, you 366 00:21:32,320 --> 00:21:34,960 Speaker 1: talk by way of fear. UH. And when you talk 367 00:21:35,040 --> 00:21:37,520 Speaker 1: by way of fear, you talk about deficits, You talk 368 00:21:37,560 --> 00:21:41,119 Speaker 1: about threats, you talk about foreign investment that is taking 369 00:21:41,119 --> 00:21:44,399 Speaker 1: away jobs. You talk about UH saber rattling on the 370 00:21:44,440 --> 00:21:47,679 Speaker 1: security side. So now that we're beyond that, it'll be 371 00:21:47,760 --> 00:21:50,960 Speaker 1: very interesting to see if President elect Trump is able 372 00:21:50,960 --> 00:21:53,399 Speaker 1: to take the U S. China relationship and sort it 373 00:21:53,480 --> 00:21:57,560 Speaker 1: out into something that represents less fear and more opportunity 374 00:21:58,000 --> 00:22:01,600 Speaker 1: for job creation here in the euided States, US export 375 00:22:01,640 --> 00:22:05,159 Speaker 1: potential UH IN and overall economic relationship that of course 376 00:22:05,280 --> 00:22:09,000 Speaker 1: is going to be UH riddled with challenges and problems, 377 00:22:09,080 --> 00:22:13,760 Speaker 1: but also there will be plenty of opportunities. Talking about 378 00:22:13,800 --> 00:22:17,719 Speaker 1: the current political situation in the United States and turning 379 00:22:18,080 --> 00:22:20,040 Speaker 1: away from China, we can we can't let you go 380 00:22:20,119 --> 00:22:23,560 Speaker 1: without asking a few questions about what's going on here 381 00:22:23,640 --> 00:22:27,000 Speaker 1: right now. And one of the major stories in the 382 00:22:27,000 --> 00:22:32,040 Speaker 1: news is whether Mr Trump will pick Romney, your fellow 383 00:22:32,119 --> 00:22:36,639 Speaker 1: former Utah governor, as UH Secretary of State. How do 384 00:22:36,680 --> 00:22:39,359 Speaker 1: you think Governor Romney would do as as a secretary 385 00:22:39,359 --> 00:22:42,639 Speaker 1: of State. Well, it's not even worth my speculating on 386 00:22:42,680 --> 00:22:48,879 Speaker 1: any potential candidates. I think President elect Trump has a 387 00:22:48,880 --> 00:22:51,199 Speaker 1: pretty good sense of where he wants to take the world. 388 00:22:51,840 --> 00:22:54,160 Speaker 1: I think it will be important to have people who 389 00:22:54,240 --> 00:22:58,200 Speaker 1: are of common mind as they see where he wants 390 00:22:58,240 --> 00:23:03,080 Speaker 1: to go. Clearly, were some international affairs foreign policy themes 391 00:23:03,119 --> 00:23:06,240 Speaker 1: that came through in the campaign, and they included, Uh, 392 00:23:06,400 --> 00:23:08,919 Speaker 1: the Middle East, We've been there too long, there's too 393 00:23:09,000 --> 00:23:11,680 Speaker 1: much of an overhang, something that's got to be addressed. 394 00:23:12,359 --> 00:23:17,040 Speaker 1: Trade was prominent, which is a big foreign policy issue, uh, 395 00:23:17,080 --> 00:23:19,560 Speaker 1: And that was we've got to get trade agreements that 396 00:23:19,560 --> 00:23:23,159 Speaker 1: are they're fair to American workers. And immigration was the 397 00:23:23,280 --> 00:23:26,520 Speaker 1: third big area that is a foreign policy issue. So 398 00:23:26,920 --> 00:23:29,000 Speaker 1: I suspect that if these three areas are going to 399 00:23:29,080 --> 00:23:32,760 Speaker 1: be prominent in in the early days of a Trump administration, 400 00:23:32,800 --> 00:23:35,120 Speaker 1: he's got to have people around him who were fluent 401 00:23:35,200 --> 00:23:38,320 Speaker 1: and conversant in where he wants to take the United 402 00:23:38,320 --> 00:23:43,040 Speaker 1: States and what is uh? An increasingly disaggregated world. And 403 00:23:43,119 --> 00:23:47,960 Speaker 1: have you had a telephone call? I've had a telephone call. 404 00:23:48,520 --> 00:23:51,040 Speaker 1: And what was the purpose of that? Just just a 405 00:23:51,080 --> 00:23:54,800 Speaker 1: congratulatory call to Mr Trump. Yeah, we can't also let 406 00:23:54,840 --> 00:23:57,480 Speaker 1: you leave here without asking a question about your own 407 00:23:57,760 --> 00:24:00,760 Speaker 1: personnel plans. You're you're here with us in EC today, 408 00:24:00,840 --> 00:24:04,200 Speaker 1: but your roots are in Utah. You're a popular governor 409 00:24:04,280 --> 00:24:09,639 Speaker 1: there for some time. Uh. You're you've actually partially moved 410 00:24:09,720 --> 00:24:13,000 Speaker 1: back to Utah, kind of splitting your time. And I've 411 00:24:13,040 --> 00:24:16,240 Speaker 1: read that there there's a speculation that you're considering a 412 00:24:16,359 --> 00:24:20,520 Speaker 1: run for the U. S. Senate from Utah. In is 413 00:24:20,560 --> 00:24:24,439 Speaker 1: that true? Well, listen, we've Utah's home. I was. I 414 00:24:24,480 --> 00:24:27,600 Speaker 1: was born and raised in California. I was raised in Utah. 415 00:24:27,840 --> 00:24:32,960 Speaker 1: I've spent time overseas, living overseas four times. Utah's our home, uh, 416 00:24:33,000 --> 00:24:36,080 Speaker 1: and we feel pretty passionately about that. And we've we've 417 00:24:36,119 --> 00:24:39,119 Speaker 1: gone back and forth the last few years, UH, and 418 00:24:39,200 --> 00:24:41,000 Speaker 1: we're looking forward to spending more and more of our 419 00:24:41,080 --> 00:24:43,480 Speaker 1: time there. I've always said that I've got one more 420 00:24:43,560 --> 00:24:46,359 Speaker 1: run left in our bones. And I don't know what 421 00:24:46,520 --> 00:24:49,359 Speaker 1: that will be. But I love this country. I've got 422 00:24:49,400 --> 00:24:52,680 Speaker 1: two sons serving in uniform. I have always believed that 423 00:24:52,720 --> 00:24:54,480 Speaker 1: our best days are ahead, and we're going to take 424 00:24:54,520 --> 00:24:58,040 Speaker 1: a good look at Uh. It may be a future 425 00:24:58,080 --> 00:25:00,840 Speaker 1: Senate run in the state of Utah. And would you 426 00:25:00,920 --> 00:25:03,600 Speaker 1: run as an independent or as a Republican? Well, I've 427 00:25:03,600 --> 00:25:06,679 Speaker 1: been a Republican my entire life. I've watched the Republican 428 00:25:06,680 --> 00:25:09,040 Speaker 1: Party go through different phases, trying to find trying to 429 00:25:09,080 --> 00:25:12,520 Speaker 1: find itself. But I'm of the Party of Lincoln. I'm 430 00:25:12,520 --> 00:25:15,560 Speaker 1: of the Party of Roosevelt, of Eisenhower, of Ronald Reagan. 431 00:25:15,600 --> 00:25:17,760 Speaker 1: I kind of know where our roots are. Uh. And 432 00:25:17,800 --> 00:25:19,960 Speaker 1: I think I know where the Republican Party's roots are. 433 00:25:20,000 --> 00:25:21,960 Speaker 1: And we've gone round and round trying to find them, 434 00:25:22,000 --> 00:25:25,000 Speaker 1: and I think we we might still travel some distance 435 00:25:25,040 --> 00:25:28,120 Speaker 1: before finding exactly what our traditional roots are. And one 436 00:25:28,119 --> 00:25:31,879 Speaker 1: more question, would you run if Senator Hatch decides to 437 00:25:31,920 --> 00:25:34,119 Speaker 1: stand for re election, would you run against him in 438 00:25:34,119 --> 00:25:36,719 Speaker 1: a primary? Well, we'd have to decide whether or not 439 00:25:36,880 --> 00:25:40,359 Speaker 1: we're actually going to to enter the race. Uh. And 440 00:25:40,520 --> 00:25:42,920 Speaker 1: that in part would be based on what Senator has 441 00:25:43,040 --> 00:25:46,800 Speaker 1: chooses to do. He's been a productive Senator for nearly 442 00:25:46,840 --> 00:25:50,119 Speaker 1: half a century. I'm somebody personally who believes in term limits. 443 00:25:50,160 --> 00:25:52,800 Speaker 1: I always have you get into your job, you get out, 444 00:25:52,920 --> 00:25:55,040 Speaker 1: hopefully leaving a little bit better for the next person 445 00:25:55,080 --> 00:25:57,760 Speaker 1: to take over. Um. But time will tell on that, 446 00:25:58,080 --> 00:26:00,440 Speaker 1: Governor Huntsman, thank you so much for joining us today. 447 00:26:00,440 --> 00:26:03,480 Speaker 1: This has been a really insightful and fascinating conversation. It's 448 00:26:03,520 --> 00:26:06,280 Speaker 1: been a great pleasure. Thank you. Benchmark will be back 449 00:26:06,320 --> 00:26:08,520 Speaker 1: next week and until then, you can find us on 450 00:26:08,520 --> 00:26:11,480 Speaker 1: the Bloomberg Terminal and Bloomberg dot com, as well as 451 00:26:11,520 --> 00:26:15,040 Speaker 1: on iTunes, pocketcasts, and Stitcher. While you're there, take a 452 00:26:15,080 --> 00:26:17,600 Speaker 1: minute to rate and review the show so more listeners 453 00:26:17,600 --> 00:26:19,560 Speaker 1: can find us and let us know what you thought 454 00:26:19,600 --> 00:26:22,040 Speaker 1: of the show. You can talk to and follow us 455 00:26:22,080 --> 00:26:25,840 Speaker 1: on Twitter at Daniel Moss, d c at Scott Landman, 456 00:26:26,200 --> 00:26:30,000 Speaker 1: and our guest at John hunts Thanks for listening and 457 00:26:30,040 --> 00:26:47,240 Speaker 1: see you next time. Brought to you by Bank of 458 00:26:47,240 --> 00:26:50,760 Speaker 1: America Merrill Lynch. Seeing what others have seen, but uncovering 459 00:26:50,800 --> 00:26:53,600 Speaker 1: what others may not. Global Research that helps You Harness 460 00:26:53,640 --> 00:26:58,560 Speaker 1: disruption voted top global research from five years running. Merrill Lynch, Pierce, 461 00:26:58,640 --> 00:27:00,520 Speaker 1: Fenner and Smith Incorporated it