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Speaker 1: Hey, this is Anie and Samantha and welcome to STEPHF

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Speaker 1: I never told your production, but I hurry to you.

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Speaker 2: And as we are in the prime of Hispanic Heritage Month,

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Speaker 2: we are jumping in with a revolutionary who has been

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Speaker 2: a soldier, a writer, an activist and advocate. We were

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Speaker 2: talking about Dora Maria Tayas and Theayas has lived a life,

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Speaker 2: a life full of persistence and activism. Theayas was born

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Speaker 2: and lived in Nicaragua most of our life. She was

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Speaker 2: a medical student in Lyon when she was recruited by

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Speaker 2: the FSLN or the Satanistas National Liberation Front in the seventies,

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Speaker 2: and not only would she be joining them, but she

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Speaker 2: would soon become commander number two, making her the third

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Speaker 2: in command. Here's a bit from covedencial dot Digital. In

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Speaker 2: nineteen seventy eight eight, at the age of twenty two,

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Speaker 2: Maria Taies was designated Commandante Dos and served as third

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Speaker 2: in command during the FSLN's gorilla assault on Nicaragua's National Palace.

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Speaker 2: She would later become the political military leader of the

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Speaker 2: FSLNS Prihoberto Lopez Perez Western Command, the regional gorilla division

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Speaker 2: that liberated the city of Lyon during the overthrow of

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Speaker 2: the dictatorship of Anastasio Somosa in July of nineteen seventy nine.

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Speaker 2: During the revolutionary government of the nineteen eighties, Tayas who

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Speaker 2: quit medical school to join the armed struggle quote because

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Speaker 2: it was the only option we had left for changing

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Speaker 2: the conditions in Nicaragua.

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Speaker 1: And from her Wikipedia page, here's some more details about

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Speaker 1: her work during that time. Quote. An increase in government

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Speaker 1: repression and rise of political prisoners being taken prompted Taes

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Speaker 1: to go underground in nineteen seventy six. While underground, she

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Speaker 1: did educational work in the mountains. As Commander two at

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Speaker 1: age twenty two, she was third in command in Operation

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Speaker 1: Chancerra on August twenty second, nineteen seventy eight, that occupied

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Speaker 1: the Nicaraguan National Palace in Monagua, where the Nicaraguan National

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Speaker 1: Assembly was in session. The revolutionaries captured one thousand, five

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Speaker 1: hundred civilian hostages and threatened their lives unless their demands

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Speaker 1: were met. The demands included a prisoner release and a

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Speaker 1: monetary ransom. There was a subsequent release of key Sandinista

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Speaker 1: political prisoners and a million dollar ransom payment, which Tayes

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Speaker 1: played a role in negotiating This event revealed the potential

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Speaker 1: vulnerability of the Samosa regime and helped the fsl N

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Speaker 1: win support from Latin American governments and unite immobilized diverse

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Speaker 1: factions of the opposition to the regime. Following the operation,

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Speaker 1: thousands of use and women joined the Santinista movement. A

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Speaker 1: popular insurrection grew along with the FSLN and contributed to

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Speaker 1: the fall of the Samosa regime on July nineteenth, nineteen

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Speaker 1: seventy nine.

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Speaker 2: So her persistence in the revolution was inspiring. Not only

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Speaker 2: did she go to train in Cuba and Pam, but

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Speaker 2: she would lead platoons for months against the Nicaragua National

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Speaker 2: Guard and was able to continually succeed in bringing down

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Speaker 2: the opposing forces. Here's a more from the Wikipedia page

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Speaker 2: about her capturing the city of Lyon. Finally, she led

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Speaker 2: the Santinsas units fighting the enemy's elite forces blocked by

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Speaker 2: block for six consecutive weeks until they captured the city

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Speaker 2: of Lyon in June nineteen seventy nine, the first major

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Speaker 2: city to fall to the Sandinistas in the revolution. This

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Speaker 2: was followed by the fall of Monagua two weeks later

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Speaker 2: and the installation of the Santinistas Provisional Government junta in

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Speaker 2: this city. Soon after, after their overthrow of the then dictatorship,

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Speaker 2: TAAs was appointed as the Minister of Health, and during

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Speaker 2: her time as Minister, Nicaragua was awarded the UN Educational,

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Speaker 2: Scientific and Cultural Organizations Prize for their work and health progress.

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Speaker 2: During her time, she was able to work alongside with

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Speaker 2: other organizations to advocate for the gay and lesbian rights

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Speaker 2: and reproductive rights for women in the country, and for

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Speaker 2: a while it seemed Nicaragua was working as a democracy,

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Speaker 2: but then things took a turn. In nineteen ninety five,

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Speaker 2: Tays co founded the Satanistas Renovation Movement or MRS after

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Speaker 2: leaving the FSLN. She less soon after seeing the corruption

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Speaker 2: of the government that began to rise at the time.

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Speaker 2: In two thousand and six, she and the party tried

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Speaker 2: to oppose the past president, Daniel Ortega, who had been

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Speaker 2: a combat of hers at one time, and in two

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Speaker 2: thousand and eight, Tays started a hunger strike two protests

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Speaker 2: Ortiga and his dictatorial policies.

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Speaker 1: Here's what she told Confidencial about what happened during this time.

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Speaker 1: Quote those of us who did develop a fairly deep

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Speaker 1: critique are the same people who were early dissidents within

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Speaker 1: the Sandinista Front and later left the party to create

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Speaker 1: the MRS which is now called Unamos. And we were

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Speaker 1: focused on two issues, developing a democratic society and a

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Speaker 1: commitment to democracy within the party. But this is still

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Speaker 1: a debate that we need to have on a broader

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Speaker 1: scale in Nicaragua. Why have all ideological currents in Nicaragua

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Speaker 1: produced dictatorships? The Conservatives General Tolomas Martinez, the Liberals Jose

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Speaker 1: Santos Zelea, or the somosas Sandinismo with Daniel Ortega. Every

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Speaker 1: major political current in Nicaragua has produced a dictatorship. Doctor

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Speaker 1: Emilio Alvarez Montrvaan once said about our country's political culture,

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Speaker 1: We Nicaraguans have an essential problem, which is our need

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Speaker 1: to look to a strong man for the solutions to

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Speaker 1: all of our problems and to arbitrate social conflicts. This

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Speaker 1: has meant that we haven't developed democratic habits. We fail

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Speaker 1: to understand that crises and debates are part of democracy,

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Speaker 1: that solutions to social conflict depend on institutional processes of revolution. Instead,

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Speaker 1: what we want is to watch a strong figure who

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Speaker 1: immediately solves and arbitrates those problems. At the end of

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Speaker 1: the day, this leads to dictatorship. But we also have

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Speaker 1: a structural problem that has to do not only with

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Speaker 1: the Sandinista Revolution, but with the entire twentieth century Nicaragua.

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Speaker 2: And in that same interview, she talked about the legacy

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Speaker 2: of her work and the work of the revolutionaries, and

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Speaker 2: she says, I think the most enduring feature of the

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Speaker 2: revolution is a progress that has been made in terms

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Speaker 2: of citizen organization and participation. By this, I mean the

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Speaker 2: capacities that various social sectors have developed to create the

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Speaker 2: conditions necessary to improve their lives and to organize themselves

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Speaker 2: to assert their rights, which is precisely with the dictatorship

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Speaker 2: and the state of terror has turned against the Ortego

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Speaker 2: Morio regime has set out to liquidate all non governmental organizations,

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Speaker 2: social movements and media, the most important legacies of the

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Speaker 2: Sandinista Revolution, and in twenty twenty one, Tayas was arrested

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Speaker 2: by the Ortega government as well as several others, and

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Speaker 2: she was sentenced in twenty twenty two for up to

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Speaker 2: fifteen years for her opposition to the presidential elections. So

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Speaker 2: here's some context of what happened. From phmovement dot com quote.

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Speaker 2: Former socialist revolutionary Daniel Orteka is criticized by former comrades

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Speaker 2: for gradually abandoning the idealistic, democratic and socialist values that

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Speaker 2: had motivated the nineteen seventy nine revolution. Since assuming presidency

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Speaker 2: in two thousand and seven, he is said to have

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Speaker 2: implemented increasingly repressive and anti democratic measures. In twenty eighteen,

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Speaker 2: over three hundred demonstrators protesting or Tega's policies were shot

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Speaker 2: and killed. In the run up to the Nicaraguan national

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Speaker 2: elections in November twenty twenty one, the government of President

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Speaker 2: Daniel Ortega and his wife, Vice President Rosario Morio, arrested

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Speaker 2: virtually all opposition candidates and prominent critics of their regime.

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Speaker 2: The UN Human Rights Commission denounced the imprisonments subsequent elections

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Speaker 2: in accompanying police violence and other actions as fraudulent and abusive.

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Speaker 2: Miss Tayas was arrested in June twenty twenty one along

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Speaker 2: with other leaders of the main opposition party, Democratic Renewal

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Speaker 2: Union known as UNAMOS. The sixty five year old former

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Speaker 2: Minister of Health and parliamentarian and some two hundred others

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Speaker 2: were detained and charged under a new vague sovereignty law

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Speaker 2: for ill defined acts that quote menace sovereignty and independence

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Speaker 2: in a sham trial where neither she nor her lawyer

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Speaker 2: was permitted to speak. She was found guilty the following

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Speaker 2: February and sentenced to fifteen years imprisonment. Since that June

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Speaker 2: twenty twenty one, she has been detained in El Chipote Prison,

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Speaker 2: notorious for its appalling conditions. Basic rights under Nicaraguan law

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Speaker 2: are denied, such as a visit from prisoner's children, communication

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Speaker 2: with attorneys, and specifications of the charges of which persons

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Speaker 2: are in prison. Multiple reports from range of sources have

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Speaker 2: pointed out quote inhuman conditions lack of potable water, lack

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Speaker 2: of food, solitary confinement without reading or writing materials, and

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Speaker 2: in permanent darkness. She joined a hunger strike in September

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Speaker 2: twenty twenty two in protests against conditions of isolation and

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Speaker 2: lack of reading and writing materials. Prison conditions have left

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Speaker 2: her pell and emaciated. So this was during a time

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Speaker 2: where people were advocating for her release and just her

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Speaker 2: trial alone being a sham. So during that campaign. It

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Speaker 2: was enlisting like all the things that was happening, including

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Speaker 2: who was in prison, and then also what they're demanding

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Speaker 2: from the UN and others. In order to get her released.

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Speaker 1: There was an international campaign to have her and several

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Speaker 1: others released from prison, and in twenty twenty three, she

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Speaker 1: was released. Here's a bit from the Nation dot com.

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Speaker 1: Nicaraguan political leader and historian Dora Maria Theyes is free

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Speaker 1: after twenty months of imprisonment and Monagua's brutal al ChiPT prison. Theyes,

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Speaker 1: a legendary figure in the Santinista Revolution, jailed since before

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Speaker 1: the country's November twenty twenty one elections, was one of

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Speaker 1: two hundred and twenty two political prisoners who were released

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Speaker 1: by the Daniel Ortega and Rosario Mario government on February ninth,

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Speaker 1: immediately sent to Washington, d C. On a charter flight

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Speaker 1: after the United States agreed to provide asylum to the exiles.

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Speaker 1: The Nation interviewed Teaz after her release, and here's what

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Speaker 1: she told them about being in the US and being freed. Well,

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Speaker 1: what happened was a huge surprise. We were exiled from

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Speaker 1: one minute to the next, and then four hours later

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Speaker 1: we were in Washington, a virtually instant transition for a prisoner.

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Speaker 1: There was a feeling of surprise, also of great joy

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Speaker 1: on the one hand. On the other hand, there was

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Speaker 1: sorrow about being banished from my own land, of being deported,

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Speaker 1: of being stripped of my nationality. But well, that is

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Speaker 1: a bittersweet feeling losing the possibility of being free in Nicaragua,

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Speaker 1: because in reality, we should have the right to be

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Speaker 1: free in Nicaragua, right.

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Speaker 2: And she continued in the interview talking about the significance

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Speaker 2: of her release. I believe that releasing us, even though

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Speaker 2: we have been banished, marks a turning point in the

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Speaker 2: evolution of the Ortega Mario regime. Basically, it is a

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Speaker 2: recognition that the policy of oppression could persecution, jail, banishment,

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Speaker 2: death and confiscations has not worked for them. They have

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Speaker 2: released us in order to be able to establish certain

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Speaker 2: lines of communication at the international level, because nobody was

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Speaker 2: willing to enter into dialogue with them if we, the

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Speaker 2: political prisoners, were not released beforehand. So there's a very

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Speaker 2: important difference between the moment before and the moment after

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Speaker 2: our release. I believe that in the future we're going

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Speaker 2: to see changes which will be gradual because the regime

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Speaker 2: is also very afraid, isn't it. The regime fears that

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Speaker 2: if they let up on the repression, there could be

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Speaker 2: an even greater crisis, or they could be demonstrations like

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Speaker 2: there were in April twenty eighteen. But well, we are

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Speaker 2: at a turning point. And that is the remarkable thing

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Speaker 2: about this moment.

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Speaker 1: And as she talked about previously, her time here has

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Speaker 1: been bittersweet. She has been able to reunite with her partner,

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Speaker 1: who was also arrested and detained in that nation. Dot

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Speaker 1: Com in review they asked her about the importance of solidarity,

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Speaker 1: as well as what it is to be rebellious at

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Speaker 1: a young age versus older, and here's what she said, quote,

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Speaker 1: we have had a really gigantic outpouring of solidarity, right

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Speaker 1: A lot of people have prayed for us and are

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Speaker 1: praying now, are giving thanks that we are granted freedom.

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Speaker 1: Many governments demanded our freedom and have also proceeded to

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Speaker 1: offer as asylum and citizenship in the case of Spain

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Speaker 1: and now Argentina. But we have also received other kinds

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Speaker 1: of solidarity. People who came to Washington, who are housing

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Speaker 1: prisoners and supporting prisoners, in different ways, who brought clothing

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Speaker 1: because we arrived with practically nothing. That is solidarity, right.

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Speaker 2: And about the age difference, I can only speak for

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Speaker 2: my own experience, but let's say that an older person

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Speaker 2: tends to become more accommodating, and basically, I'm happy to

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Speaker 2: not become accommodating to maintain a confrontation with an illegitimate authority,

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Speaker 2: with an authoritarian model. I like that rebelliousness because I'm

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Speaker 2: happier not bowing at my head at any price and

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Speaker 2: not kneeling in front of the dictatorship at any price.

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Speaker 2: And that for me is very important for myself, not

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Speaker 2: for anyone else but myself, which is what I decire,

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Speaker 2: what I want to continue doing, and how much I'm

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Speaker 2: willing to pay for it, because it always has a price.

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Speaker 2: So yeah, there's a lot that's been happening in Garagua.

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Speaker 2: Is still dealing with the dictatorship under Ortega and Mario

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Speaker 2: not really sure because I'm not gonna lie, y'all. I've

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Speaker 2: found out that I didn't know how to spell Nicaragua

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Speaker 2: until I started this specific episode. Realizing that we don't

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Speaker 2: know what's going everywhere, it's hard to pay attention to

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Speaker 2: everything because we are somewhat isolated and encompassing our own issues.

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Speaker 2: That sounds similarly like a starting point, you know whatever.

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Speaker 2: Whatnot just saying as we're watching things are happening around

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Speaker 2: the world and in our own government as well. But

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Speaker 2: it is an amazing tell the things that she has accomplished,

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Speaker 2: the things that she has done, the things that she's

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Speaker 2: willing to do is incredible and speaks a lot to

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Speaker 2: her again persistence and her advocacy and her work in general.

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Speaker 1: Yes, and that she's been there so long. Yeah, it's amazing.

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Speaker 1: While listeners, if you have any more information about this

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Speaker 1: or anything around the world that we should be talking about,

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Speaker 1: please let us know. You can email us at Stepnia

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Speaker 1: mom Stuff at iHeartMedia dot com. You can find us

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Speaker 1: on Twitter at mom Stuff podcast, or on Instagram and

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Speaker 1: TikTok at stuff We've Never told You. We have a

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Speaker 1: YouTube page, we have a tea public store, and we

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Speaker 1: have a book you can get wherever you get your books.

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Speaker 1: Thanks as always to our super producer Christina, executive producer Maya,

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Speaker 1: and archtutor Joey. Thank you and thanks to you for listening.

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Speaker 1: Stuff I Never Told You is protection of iHeartRadio, poor

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Speaker 1: podcast from my heart Radio, check out the heart radio app,

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Speaker 1: Apple podcast, or if you listen to your favorite shows,