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Speaker 1: From Mediators World News Headquarters in Bozeman, Montana. This is

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Speaker 1: Kel's we Can Review with Ryan Kell Kelly in now

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Speaker 1: Here's Kel. A giant, extinct bristle worm with snapping jaws

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Speaker 1: has just been identified. The previously unknown creature was identified

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Speaker 1: recently by a scientific team from the University of Bristol,

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Speaker 1: London University in Sweden, and the Royal Ontario Museum. Apparently,

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Speaker 1: said giant jowed worm lived about four hundred million years ago,

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Speaker 1: and though the sample containing the critter was collected by

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Speaker 1: the Ontario Geological Survey and stored at the Royal Ontario Museum,

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Speaker 1: scientists just figured out what it was. Bristle worms are

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Speaker 1: Polly Kate's poll Kate, meaning many bristles, so remember that

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Speaker 1: next time you see your mom pushing a broom. There

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Speaker 1: are more than eight thousand known polycates, including fireworms, bristle worms,

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Speaker 1: clam worms, lug worms, sea mice, and feather dusters. The

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Speaker 1: jaws of this particular fossilized bristle worm are the largest

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Speaker 1: ever recorded, at just over one centimeter in length. To

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Speaker 1: put that in perspective, this worm's jaws were half as

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Speaker 1: long as the width of your index finger. Roughly. That

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Speaker 1: may not sound as impressive as you or even I

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Speaker 1: had hoped, but the scientific name may still wow you.

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Speaker 1: This newly identified species has been named Webster ropean arms

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Speaker 1: Strong e Armstrong being the name of the man who

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Speaker 1: collected the samples back, and Webster from Alex Webster, the

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Speaker 1: lead singer of Cannibal Corpse, the death metal band, who

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Speaker 1: the researchers described as quote a giant when it comes

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Speaker 1: to handling his instrument. I get us ancient worm. Researchers

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Speaker 1: really liked party hardy. Good for them. This week we're

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Speaker 1: going to talk bad publicity stunts, cart blood sucking, leeches,

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Speaker 1: and lots of other stuff. But first I'm gonna tell

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Speaker 1: you about my week currently as inn Right this second,

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Speaker 1: I'm sitting here watching the sunrise on Lake Buchanan in

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Speaker 1: Tennessee in a you know, nice mobile hotel room, which

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Speaker 1: is pretty cool, but that's a story for later. Back

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Speaker 1: to what I really want to talk about. I met

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Speaker 1: up with my folks and did some camper camping, which,

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Speaker 1: given the intensity of the mosquito population, was a really

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Speaker 1: nice treat and a really nice change. We fished a

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Speaker 1: small stream that twenty years ago was chock full of

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Speaker 1: brook trout, but now seems to be inhabited primarily by

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Speaker 1: brown trout. The fishing was good, the browns didn't appear

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Speaker 1: to be too numerous, and they didn't come up and

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Speaker 1: hit just anything. Plus, you know I got a big one.

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Speaker 1: You guys probably already knew that. I also found a

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Speaker 1: few chunks of bison bones and possibly a fossilized bison tooth.

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Speaker 1: I'm waiting to see if I can get that formally identified.

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Speaker 1: Stay tuned. The other neat thing I picked up was

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Speaker 1: a parasite. While waiting the stream, a blood sucker, also

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Speaker 1: known as a leech, attached itself to me. It had

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Speaker 1: been quite a while since I had seen a live leach,

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Speaker 1: let alone been a host to one. They're about six

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Speaker 1: and fifty different types of leeches, the largest of which

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Speaker 1: is the giant Amazon leach, which can grow to eighteen

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Speaker 1: inches in length and live for twenty years. A leeches

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Speaker 1: body has thirty four segments. They also have thirty two

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Speaker 1: brains and three jaws, each of which have tiny sharp teeth.

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Speaker 1: They're hermaphroditic, meaning of course that they have both male

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Speaker 1: and female sexual organs, but they reproduce sexually, as in,

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Speaker 1: no matter who shows up to the party, they you know. Party.

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Speaker 1: Leeches produced their own unique anticoagulant called her rooting, which

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Speaker 1: prevents the blood of their hosts from clawing as they

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Speaker 1: suck it out. Leeches come in two types. One feeds

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Speaker 1: on small animals like invertebrates, and the other feeds on blood.

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Speaker 1: The invertebrate eaters use their suckers as anchors to hold

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Speaker 1: themselves in place in a lake or stream and snag

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Speaker 1: small critters as they pass by. These leeches need to

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Speaker 1: feed every other day or so. The blood suckers or

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Speaker 1: hema topagus leeches don't have to feed is often because

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Speaker 1: they can gorge themselves when attached to a host. Blood

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Speaker 1: sucking leeches can consume three to five times their body

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Speaker 1: mass and blood after a large feed. Some species can

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Speaker 1: survive for a year between meals. If you're getting a

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Speaker 1: little queasy with all this leech talk, remember this. Leeches

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Speaker 1: make for some of the best bait available. They stay

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Speaker 1: on the hook better than worms, are easier to keep

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Speaker 1: alive than minnows, and best of all, walleye, bass, croppy

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Speaker 1: and even pike love them. All I can say is

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Speaker 1: the critter I pulled from my leg was interesting to

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Speaker 1: check out and release back into the water. All it

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Speaker 1: cost on my end was a bit of blood, and

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Speaker 1: as before mentioned, that meal of me may have saved

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Speaker 1: the next angler or water waiting critter from being snacked on,

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Speaker 1: like pay it forward type of angling blood bank type scenario. Alright,

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Speaker 1: moving on, jumping in here with a few quick hitters.

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Speaker 1: Predators create what's called a landscape of fear, meaning that

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Speaker 1: their presence on the landscape influences the behavior of other

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Speaker 1: species that are afraid of them. When you think of

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Speaker 1: the top predators in North America, you probably picture bears

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Speaker 1: and mountain lions, But there's another predator even farther up

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Speaker 1: the food chain that would be us, the humans, and

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Speaker 1: a new study indicates that those other predators are well

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Speaker 1: aware of this hierarchy. It also suggests that mountain lions

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Speaker 1: aren't that into poetry. A team of researchers from the

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Speaker 1: University of Santa Cruz set up speakers in the mountains.

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Speaker 1: These speakers played soothing human voices reading poetry at regular intervals.

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Speaker 1: Large hats avoided the area when human voices were playing,

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Speaker 1: while medium sized carnivores like bobcats, skunks, and a possums

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Speaker 1: became more nocturnal or fed less often. Mice and rats,

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Speaker 1: on the other hand, took advantage of the lack of

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Speaker 1: predators and started foraging more boldly. So when you're out

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Speaker 1: hiking with someone and having yourself friendly chat, even a

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Speaker 1: chat that is intended to soothe or maybe even seduce

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Speaker 1: human ears, no matter how soothing or seductive you think

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Speaker 1: you may be, just know that you're creating a landscape

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Speaker 1: of fear for any predators who may live in the area.

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Speaker 1: Hello also kind of says something about the residents of

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Speaker 1: Santa Cruz. Those large carnivores have good reason to fear us.

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Speaker 1: Case in point, a Michigan man shot and killed the

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Speaker 1: gator last week. The guy was out collecting minnows for

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Speaker 1: bait when he turned around to see a six foot

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Speaker 1: gator hissing at him, so he shot it. This wouldn't

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Speaker 1: be all that noteworthy unless you were paying attention to

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Speaker 1: the state that I mentioned, Michigan, not exactly what you'd

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Speaker 1: call traditional gator country. Local deputies determined that the animal

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Speaker 1: had escaped from a neighboring property, where they also found

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Speaker 1: emuse tortoises, rattlesnakes and a couple more gators. Turns out

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Speaker 1: that this is a legal activity in that part of

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Speaker 1: Michigan where there are no statutes about keeping alligators. In

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Speaker 1: case you're thinking this is random one off event, think again.

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Speaker 1: This was the tenth incidents of loose alligators being killed

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Speaker 1: or captured in the Midwest in the past month. Yankees

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Speaker 1: be warned, gator precautions don't end at the Mason Dixon

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Speaker 1: line anymore. Also, keep your eyes peeled if you're in

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Speaker 1: the Orange County, North Carolina area and elusive five foot tall,

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Speaker 1: one pound emu was on the loose and has evaded

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Speaker 1: authorities for over three weeks. EMUs are the highly resilient

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Speaker 1: flightless birds of Australia and origin. They can reach six

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Speaker 1: foot in height, run over thirty miles an hour, and

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Speaker 1: goes several days without food or water. Another interesting fact

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Speaker 1: about emuse is that Aboriginals have been making calls and

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Speaker 1: calling them in for tens of thousands of years, So

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Speaker 1: maybe these North Carolina turkey and duck callers need to

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Speaker 1: get in this game. Be the first kid on your

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Speaker 1: block to call in a hundred pound turkey not too

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Speaker 1: far from Australia, you'll find a place called New Zealand,

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Speaker 1: an island nation of beauty and romance, and this year

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Speaker 1: it seems to be extra heavy on the romance front

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Speaker 1: for parakeets. Anyway, the orange front and parakeet was thought

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Speaker 1: to be extinct until they were rediscovered twenty five years ago.

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Speaker 1: That's what we refer to as a Lazarus species around here.

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Speaker 1: Due to huge abundance of beach seeds this season, the

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Speaker 1: birds are so flush and food that mating pairs are

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Speaker 1: producing up to five clutches of eggs instead of the

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Speaker 1: usual one or two. This is a concern I have

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Speaker 1: about traveling to New Zealand the general fecundity of the place.

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Speaker 1: I have at least one buddy who came back from

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Speaker 1: a vacation. They're pregnant, and this story just reinforces my suspicions.

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Speaker 1: Moving on to our stupid stunts with wildlife desk over

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Speaker 1: in foggy London Town, two men apparently attempting to protest veganism,

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Speaker 1: were convicted of disorderly conduct for publicly eating hole as

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Speaker 1: in the hide and fur. We're still attached raw squirrels

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Speaker 1: this display. It took place in front of a vegan

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Speaker 1: food shop located in an outdoor market in London Soho District.

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Speaker 1: The pair of so called protesters were found guilty of

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Speaker 1: disorderly behavior likely to cause harassment, alarm or distress. One

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Speaker 1: of the protesters wore a shirt that read Veganism equals

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Speaker 1: malnutrition while he attempted to chew through a raw squirrel.

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Speaker 1: So now you know that happened. That's not the only

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Speaker 1: publicity stunt gone bad recently. Last week, Bush Beer announced

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Speaker 1: that they'd be erecting a one day only pop up

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Speaker 1: bar in mark Twain National Forest. Bush said that anyone

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Speaker 1: who found the bar would be awarded with beer and merch,

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Speaker 1: and that one lucky hiker would win a lifetime supply

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Speaker 1: of Bush Light. Great idea terrible execution. Bush only planned

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Speaker 1: for a few hundred fans to show up. We got

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Speaker 1: a few thousand instead. Complaints started brewing on social media

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Speaker 1: almost immediately. Attendees reported that the free merch was gone

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Speaker 1: within thirty minutes, every hiker only got a single beer,

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Speaker 1: temps topped one hundred degrees, and the trailhead got so

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Speaker 1: crowded that droves of people were turned away. One Facebook

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Speaker 1: commentator complained I left my vacation a day early and

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Speaker 1: Joe fourteen hours overnight for no merch and warm beer.

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Speaker 1: Another said, on the trek back, I got heat exhaustion

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Speaker 1: and had to be taken to my car. Was it

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Speaker 1: worth it? No? Many were quick to declare the Bush

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Speaker 1: pop up as the beer brands very own hashtag Firefest.

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Speaker 1: Not all was lost, though, Bush promised to plant thousands

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Speaker 1: of trees and donate thousands of dollars to the National

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Speaker 1: Forest Foundation. Cheers of them for bringing beer to the

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Speaker 1: conservation table, even if it was warm and there weren't

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Speaker 1: enough of them. Sticking with bad ideas on public lands,

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Speaker 1: Buffalo and Yellowstone are offering free rides this month. That's

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Speaker 1: a horrible joke, but true in a way. Uh. Nine

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Speaker 1: year old girl was just tossed in the air by

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Speaker 1: a bull bison near Old Faithful Geyser. Big bull bison

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Speaker 1: will tip the scales at over two thousand pounds and

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Speaker 1: stand over six ft tall at the shoulder. Bison can

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Speaker 1: sprint at speeds up to thirty miles an hour and

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Speaker 1: have repeatedly demonstrated their irritable dispositions over the years. Numerous

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Speaker 1: rental cars and an unfortunate number of tourists have learned

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Speaker 1: this the hard way and Yellowstone. These incidents are usually

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Speaker 1: preventable and almost always precipitated by people either getting way

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Speaker 1: too close or not yielding to bison when they approach.

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Speaker 1: In this most recent case, witnesses at the scene estimate

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Speaker 1: fifty people were surrounding the bison before it charged, and

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Speaker 1: that some of the crowd were within five to ten

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Speaker 1: feet of the bowl for ten minutes or more. I've

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Speaker 1: also read multiple reports of people trying to pet the bison.

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Speaker 1: Once again. It seems folks coming to Yellowstone are confusing

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Speaker 1: national parks with theme parks, where the rides stay on

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Speaker 1: tracks and the animals are designed to thrill, not kill.

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Speaker 1: The Park Service recommends that visitors to Yellowstone stay at

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Speaker 1: least twenty five yards away from large animals such as bison, elk,

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Speaker 1: big worn sheep, and deer. Here's my public service announcement,

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Speaker 1: or p s A as we call it in the BIZ.

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Speaker 1: Twenty five yards isn't nearly far enough, To reiterate, a

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Speaker 1: two thousand pound buffalo can sprint up to thirty miles

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Speaker 1: an hour, grizzly bears can hit sixty miles an hour,

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Speaker 1: and the recommended do not cross distance is a hundred

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Speaker 1: yards again, way too close in my opinion. Even though

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Speaker 1: we're talking about a park situation where these animals have

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Speaker 1: lost some of their wild that doesn't make them domesticated

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Speaker 1: or automated for that matter, and they have every right

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Speaker 1: to defend their personal space. I'm not celebrating little girls

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Speaker 1: being thrown in the air by bison or hikers getting

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Speaker 1: mauled by bears. But when these things happen, a part

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Speaker 1: of me raises an eyebrow and thinks, hey, at least

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Speaker 1: they still got them all right. Moving on, but keeping

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Speaker 1: on the Montana subject line, Not all tourists flocked to

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Speaker 1: Montana in the summertime to be entertained by quote unquote wildlife.

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Speaker 1: Lots of them just come here to fish for trout

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Speaker 1: this time of year. Many of the locals skip the

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Speaker 1: crowded trout streams to chase a very different fish when

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Speaker 1: the tourists aren't interested in and might even be a

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Speaker 1: little grossed out by, you know, or rubber lips, scumsuckers,

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Speaker 1: golden bones, pond pigs, bugle mouth bass, brown bombers, yellow

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Speaker 1: belly small mouth Sopranis Johnson. For those of you who

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Speaker 1: aren't hip to the cool kids slang. I'm talking about

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Speaker 1: KRT or, to be more specific, common cart not be

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Speaker 1: confused with the Asian carp threatening to take over the

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Speaker 1: Great Lakes that I covered in a previous episode. Common

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Speaker 1: carp or cyprianous carpio are considered trash fish here in

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Speaker 1: the US, but they got here under the best of intentions.

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Speaker 1: American fish stocks were crashing in the eighteen hundreds due

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Speaker 1: to a combination of over harvest and habitat degradation. President

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Speaker 1: Grant created the United States Fish Commission in eighteen seventy

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Speaker 1: one figure out some solutions. In eighteen seventy seven, the

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Speaker 1: Commission imported three forty five carp and began to encourage

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Speaker 1: carp farming across the country as an alternative to commercial

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Speaker 1: harvest of wild fish. Problem was, Americans never developed a

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Speaker 1: taste for carp, and when the carp farms went bust

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Speaker 1: in the late eighteen hundreds, their surplus stock wound up

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Speaker 1: in local waterways. Europeans, on the other hand, love carp.

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Speaker 1: Common carper needed to the Danube River, and while we

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Speaker 1: prissy Americans may shunn carp as food fish, they're considered

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Speaker 1: a delicacy over that way. The traditional Christmas Eve meals

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Speaker 1: and hung gree the Czech Republic, Slovakia, Austria, Germany and

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Speaker 1: Poland all involved carp meat prepared in some fashion. Fun fact,

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Speaker 1: many families in Central Europe actually keep their Christmas carp

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Speaker 1: alive in the bathtub for several days before killing and

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Speaker 1: preparing them. When was the last time you had a

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Speaker 1: relationship like that with your food. This tradition probably dates

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Speaker 1: back to the days before refrigeration, but some people claim

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Speaker 1: that keeping them in clean water for a few days

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Speaker 1: flushes the meat and makes it taste better. Folks will

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Speaker 1: also keep scales from their Christmas carp in their wallets

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Speaker 1: all year to bring good luck. Anyway. Though common carp

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Speaker 1: originally hail from Central Europe, they're now widespread across the

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Speaker 1: entire continent, and for that we can thank the Roman Empire.

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Speaker 1: When the Romans invaded the Danube region, they discovered the

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Speaker 1: perfect protein source for armies on the move. They carried

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Speaker 1: loads of carp with them in earthen pots as they

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Speaker 1: traveled west and distributed the fish all the way over

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Speaker 1: to the UK. These days, angry is in the UK

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Speaker 1: take carp fishing very seriously. The British gets so fired

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Speaker 1: up about carp that record carp catches make national headlines.

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Speaker 1: The best carp lakes are private and stocked was specially

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Speaker 1: selected specimens bread to reach massive size. All the biggest

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Speaker 1: carp in the country, those over thirty pounds, are known

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Speaker 1: to anglers who give them names like Big Rig, Green

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Speaker 1: One and Captain Jack. These fish are caught repeatedly and

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Speaker 1: re weighed and heated attempts to best the national record

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Speaker 1: that currently stands at sixty eight pounds one ounce. That fish,

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Speaker 1: named the Parrot, was caught again a couple of months

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Speaker 1: later and only way at sixty four pounds fourteen ounces.

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Speaker 1: When the parrot died in two thousand seventeen, the whole

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Speaker 1: British angling world mourned. There's an entire industry in Britain

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Speaker 1: focused on carp fanatics that makes carp specific rods, reels, bait, tackle,

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Speaker 1: these things called landing mats, which you know, if you

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Speaker 1: imagine a slipping slide that you placed on the bank

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Speaker 1: and catch up onto that that's a landing matt. They

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Speaker 1: even make cart fishing tents so you can, you know,

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Speaker 1: set a few lines out stretch out and comfort while

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Speaker 1: you wait for that beld ring. No matter what the weather,

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Speaker 1: you know you're gonna be cart fishing. It seems like

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Speaker 1: a lot of effort and expense to catch a carp.

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Speaker 1: To me, the whole approach runs countered everything that I

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Speaker 1: personally love about cart fishing culture, namely that it's accessible, cheap, unassuming,

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Speaker 1: and just, you know, a little bit dirty, kind of

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Speaker 1: a blue collar kind of fishing. Then again, that's probably

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Speaker 1: just me being an American, and we now know what

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Speaker 1: Americans will do for warm bush lights, So who are

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Speaker 1: we to judge. Thanks for listening to Cal's weekend review.

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Speaker 1: Remember to subscribe and hit that furthest right hand star

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Speaker 1: wherever podcasts are streamed or downloaded. If you want to

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Speaker 1: get in touch, shoot me an email at a sk

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Speaker 1: K C A L at the meat Eater dot com.

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Speaker 1: Tell me how I'm doing, what I got wrong, and

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Speaker 1: most importantly, what you want to know. We're up. Talk

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Speaker 1: to you next week.