WEBVTT - Ep. 301: It Ain’t Just Chickens That Are Dinosaurs 0:00:08.960 --> 0:00:13.320 This is me eat your podcast coming at you shirtless, severely, 0:00:13.480 --> 0:00:17.680 bug bitten, and in my case, underwear listening Hunt Me podcast. 0:00:18.280 --> 0:00:23.360 You can't predict anything presented by first, like creating proven 0:00:23.640 --> 0:00:27.840 versatile hunting apparel from Marino bass layers to technical outerwear 0:00:27.960 --> 0:00:36.400 for every hunt first like go farther, stay longer. All right, 0:00:36.400 --> 0:00:39.479 everybody joined today by a super special guest and talk 0:00:39.520 --> 0:00:43.159 about this one for a long time. Jack Horner, John R. 0:00:43.960 --> 0:00:51.360 Jack Horner. How sick are you hearing about the How 0:00:51.360 --> 0:00:54.680 sick are you hearing about Jurassic Park? A little bit? 0:00:54.720 --> 0:00:57.680 Not at all? Well, I think I've had enough of it, 0:00:57.880 --> 0:00:59.520 if that's what you mean. That's what I mean, like, 0:00:59.560 --> 0:01:01.880 because here I am sitting here like as a as 0:01:01.920 --> 0:01:06.000 a host, right, I'm in a real bind because I'm like, uh, 0:01:06.560 --> 0:01:10.920 everyone on the planet, everyone on the planet, um knows 0:01:10.920 --> 0:01:12.880 about that. And you've got to be pretty when did 0:01:12.920 --> 0:01:18.920 that movie come out? You have to be either you 0:01:19.000 --> 0:01:24.560 love it or you hate it. The people are like, 0:01:24.880 --> 0:01:29.720 you know, Jack Horner, Jurassic Park, you burned out on it. 0:01:30.600 --> 0:01:32.880 I don't know. You know, I've seen it, but I 0:01:32.920 --> 0:01:35.040 don't know. It was fun to make, It was fun 0:01:35.080 --> 0:01:38.200 to work with Steven Spielberg. It was, you know, fun 0:01:38.240 --> 0:01:42.319 to work with everybody. But you know, I like my 0:01:42.400 --> 0:01:50.360 science better. You're saying it's not representative, So you you 0:01:50.440 --> 0:01:52.760 weren't tempted after doing that, You weren't tempted to be like, 0:01:52.800 --> 0:01:55.040 you know what, piss on this science. I'm gonna go 0:01:55.040 --> 0:01:57.400 into the I'm gonna go into the movie consultant business. No, 0:01:57.680 --> 0:02:00.800 I wouldn't. I wouldn't. It wouldn't have rated my job 0:02:00.880 --> 0:02:04.720 for any of theirs, for anything in this world. All right, 0:02:04.760 --> 0:02:06.320 So you know what I'm gonna do. This is just 0:02:06.360 --> 0:02:08.400 by way of introduction. I'm not gonna mention that ship 0:02:08.480 --> 0:02:15.960 at all anymore. So I just had to get it 0:02:15.960 --> 0:02:17.959 out of the way. Listen, you know how, who's the 0:02:17.960 --> 0:02:21.240 guy that wrote all the songs that uh, Eric Clapton 0:02:21.280 --> 0:02:25.359 made famous? J J Klee? Right. J J. Kle would 0:02:25.360 --> 0:02:27.240 write a song you do it, no one care, and 0:02:27.280 --> 0:02:30.480 then Captain Clapton to do it, and it'd be a 0:02:30.480 --> 0:02:34.000 big hit. So after a while you'd start thinking j. J. 0:02:34.160 --> 0:02:38.600 Klee either hates Eric Clapton or likes Eric Clapton, and 0:02:38.680 --> 0:02:40.400 someone put it to him, and he's basically like, that 0:02:40.400 --> 0:02:45.360 ship made me a lot of money, right, all the 0:02:45.440 --> 0:02:47.560 class and songs, not that one about his kid in 0:02:47.600 --> 0:02:49.200 the window and all that, but most of the class 0:02:49.320 --> 0:02:55.119 captain songs. We're j jkle tunes. H Moving on, Jack, 0:02:55.160 --> 0:02:57.040 We're gonna talk about of some stuff that has nothing 0:02:57.040 --> 0:03:02.200 to do with your groove book, but please because there 0:03:02.240 --> 0:03:03.400 might be some things you might a w in X 0:03:03.480 --> 0:03:05.840 what we're talking about, some disease things. I don't know 0:03:05.840 --> 0:03:07.520 if you have a gender. If you're like interested in 0:03:07.600 --> 0:03:16.520 mammalogy at all, I like all oologies. It's good accept astrology. 0:03:16.720 --> 0:03:19.960 Astrology like the kind where you like use it to 0:03:20.120 --> 0:03:22.040 the plant is to pick your face. I was just 0:03:22.080 --> 0:03:26.760 about to ask what that is, some dude, have you 0:03:26.919 --> 0:03:31.160 covered off on astrology before? I'm not buying it. I'm 0:03:31.160 --> 0:03:32.919 gonna go out like I know it's a it's a 0:03:33.000 --> 0:03:35.280 rare opinion, but I'm not buying it. It has to 0:03:35.320 --> 0:03:38.600 do with the moon, Steve, that's right, you like the moon. 0:03:39.000 --> 0:03:41.080 But here's the thing, man, If I was gonna make 0:03:41.520 --> 0:03:43.160 if I was going to break the people of the 0:03:43.200 --> 0:03:46.200 planet into twelve groups, and these groups would help them 0:03:46.240 --> 0:03:48.480 figure out how their day was going to go, I 0:03:48.480 --> 0:03:51.600 would have groups like this. You'd be like there'd be 0:03:51.600 --> 0:03:55.760 a group called your father was an alcoholic, can beat you? Okay, 0:03:55.920 --> 0:03:58.080 and then you're your thing for the day would be 0:03:58.080 --> 0:04:01.640 like today, you'll probably have some trust issues, right, and 0:04:01.680 --> 0:04:03.720 I would like have a goal like that, like you're 0:04:03.760 --> 0:04:06.680 extraordinarily wealthy. And then it might be like today you'll 0:04:06.720 --> 0:04:10.160 probably have some existential crisis, but you probably won't be 0:04:10.200 --> 0:04:13.800 too worried about finances, and it'd be like and it 0:04:13.840 --> 0:04:16.680 would just be like so much more helpful then some 0:04:16.839 --> 0:04:19.400 crazy shit about you know what I mean, you should 0:04:19.440 --> 0:04:22.599 write a self help book because that seems I'm gonna 0:04:22.600 --> 0:04:25.200 break the world population into twelve groups. Every day. Those 0:04:25.200 --> 0:04:26.760 people will wake up look and they'll be like, oh, 0:04:26.760 --> 0:04:30.960 that's how today we'll go. Right. Yeah, it'd be like 0:04:31.040 --> 0:04:34.719 you suffer from debilitating depression would be one of the signs. 0:04:34.760 --> 0:04:37.520 And it'll be like today is gonna be rough. Today 0:04:37.560 --> 0:04:45.520 it's gonna be rough. Uh, but it will am someday 0:04:45.520 --> 0:04:50.280 It'll all be over. Uh. Oh, we're gonna promo. We're 0:04:50.320 --> 0:04:54.600 gonna promo our like our our tremendous proliferation of YouTube content. 0:04:56.279 --> 0:04:59.279 Where should we start sourced with? Daniel Prue is just 0:04:59.320 --> 0:05:02.599 wrapping up, dude, I just found out a thing about 0:05:02.680 --> 0:05:05.760 Danielle today that I want to talk about so bad, 0:05:05.839 --> 0:05:07.359 but I didn't check with her if it's okay to 0:05:07.360 --> 0:05:13.520 talk about. It has to do with the It has 0:05:13.600 --> 0:05:19.239 to do with the very pugnacious, very sensitive German hunting 0:05:19.279 --> 0:05:26.479 dog community. Oh is this something we've already tackled new news? 0:05:26.680 --> 0:05:32.280 Just how fussy, how fussy and feisty. Yeah, like if 0:05:32.279 --> 0:05:35.720 her dog sneezed and lost its facial hair, it would 0:05:35.720 --> 0:05:39.360 be called a totally different dog and highly regarded by 0:05:39.400 --> 0:05:45.839 another set of very pugnacious German hunting dog aficionados. Yeah, 0:05:45.920 --> 0:05:48.000 like what happened to Snort? How Snort lost hair on 0:05:48.080 --> 0:05:51.799 its ear? They would come and they'd be like, um, 0:05:51.920 --> 0:05:55.279 they'd want to come execute Snort her in a bag 0:05:55.440 --> 0:05:58.360 and butt her in a river. She no longer represents 0:05:58.640 --> 0:06:01.600 you know, right, You think those people would have got 0:06:01.600 --> 0:06:03.400 over that kind of thing in the thirties. That's a 0:06:03.440 --> 0:06:06.200 hell of a retrieve. But look at that tooth. But 0:06:06.240 --> 0:06:08.280 I won't talk about until Danielle says we can talk 0:06:08.279 --> 0:06:11.760 about it. But holy cow, it trumps all other crazy, fussy, 0:06:11.960 --> 0:06:18.080 feisty German hunting dogs stuff we've covered. Well, it's a 0:06:18.160 --> 0:06:20.040 rich story, but she might be a little pissed if 0:06:20.040 --> 0:06:25.160 we talk about it. Uh. Um yeah, So Sourced with 0:06:25.240 --> 0:06:28.159 daniel Prue was just wrapping up. Cal was on up. Cal. 0:06:28.200 --> 0:06:30.080 Explain you were on an episode of Source. Talk about 0:06:30.080 --> 0:06:35.120 that please. Um. So you know, Danielle is is very 0:06:35.240 --> 0:06:41.560 food first oriented, very great at asking questions and and 0:06:41.600 --> 0:06:46.520 finding out the why on what makes food good and interesting? 0:06:46.600 --> 0:06:53.200 And um, I actually watched the last couple episodes last 0:06:53.279 --> 0:06:58.240 night and um yeah yeah, super fun and and pick 0:06:58.360 --> 0:07:03.039 up It entertaining, but it's also educational if if you 0:07:03.080 --> 0:07:06.039 like to play around with with cooking wild game. So 0:07:06.560 --> 0:07:09.480 like one of my favorite episodes is the episode with 0:07:10.040 --> 0:07:14.800 Leeway and it's on dry edge fish, dry edge fish, 0:07:15.000 --> 0:07:20.640 and um, there's it was hilarious because I was pulling 0:07:20.640 --> 0:07:23.760 out some reef fish from Hawaii that had been marinating 0:07:23.760 --> 0:07:27.960 in their own juices, and that was very high on 0:07:27.960 --> 0:07:30.560 the list of things not to do in the episode. 0:07:30.760 --> 0:07:36.480 He wasn't really crazy about that. No, No, dry fish, Um, 0:07:36.520 --> 0:07:39.200 as fast as possible. He doesn't like when you catch 0:07:39.240 --> 0:07:41.280 fish put in the ziplock bag and then it kind 0:07:41.280 --> 0:07:44.720 of thaws a couple of times. Yeah, and then later 0:07:44.880 --> 0:07:46.960 you heavy kids, you do what your kids would catch 0:07:47.040 --> 0:07:49.040 up that would that would that would be listed as 0:07:49.120 --> 0:07:53.040 not the way. Um. But yeah, great, great series entertaining 0:07:53.080 --> 0:07:58.720 really pretty like very pretty food um, and then you 0:07:58.760 --> 0:08:04.160 know plenty of very pretty getting outside uh and getting 0:08:04.160 --> 0:08:07.119 you in the mindset of how you get that food. 0:08:08.800 --> 0:08:10.960 We also got B side Fishing with our very own 0:08:11.040 --> 0:08:13.560 Joel Ster Mellie Sooe. Joe hosts the Bent podcast and 0:08:13.720 --> 0:08:17.400 uh season two A B side Fishing is out. Um. 0:08:17.680 --> 0:08:20.640 Episode one was on shad. Episode two is on Snakehead 0:08:21.240 --> 0:08:26.360 Uh snakehead fish, which Joe is like a big snakehead apologist. Um, 0:08:26.600 --> 0:08:28.560 dude's funnier in hell. I love that guy. Check that 0:08:28.600 --> 0:08:31.600 one out. And then right now, which is which is 0:08:31.760 --> 0:08:35.120 uh I'm super high on is the one week in 0:08:35.200 --> 0:08:39.600 November series you bolways listen, you always could have messed 0:08:39.600 --> 0:08:41.720 that whole thing up, but you didn't. How could have 0:08:41.760 --> 0:08:43.640 we mess it up by all of you going out 0:08:43.640 --> 0:08:46.760 and not getting anything? You guys toured a new one. Yeah, 0:08:46.760 --> 0:08:49.000 you guys like almost mess it up because you got 0:08:49.000 --> 0:08:54.240 shipped too quick too. They get too me dear, I 0:08:54.280 --> 0:08:55.720 mean not to me dear, because it's it's just like 0:08:55.840 --> 0:08:59.320 a dear per Parson, but still it is just white 0:08:59.320 --> 0:09:02.240 tails though, yeah, you know, just white tails. I didn't 0:09:02.240 --> 0:09:05.720 counter some mule deer on my hunts, so you got that. Like, 0:09:05.720 --> 0:09:07.760 give everybody the premise of One Week in November. We 0:09:07.840 --> 0:09:12.240 have four hunters kill five bucks across seven different states 0:09:12.280 --> 0:09:14.640 for one week in November, and met Eater hasn't done 0:09:14.679 --> 0:09:17.520 anything like this before where they wrap up filming something 0:09:17.960 --> 0:09:20.520 and ten days later it's on YouTube been available. So 0:09:20.600 --> 0:09:26.679 this was really like targeting the seasonality of November and 0:09:26.720 --> 0:09:29.600 being excited about the rout by the time this episode 0:09:29.640 --> 0:09:32.320 comes out. Episode one and one and two of One 0:09:32.360 --> 0:09:35.320 Week in November will be available. On the first episode, 0:09:35.320 --> 0:09:38.160 Tony gets to start it by killing a mega eight 0:09:38.160 --> 0:09:42.520 point buck in Minnesota. Really, Tony Peterson, that's correct. The 0:09:42.600 --> 0:09:45.080 other hunters on the show where me, Mark Kenyon and 0:09:45.120 --> 0:09:48.040 Clay newcome, you got you know what you should have 0:09:48.080 --> 0:09:51.000 done is hired that dude that reads like at a time, 0:09:52.120 --> 0:09:56.240 right and it had been in the world one week, 0:09:57.559 --> 0:10:00.439 four states or something like that. So I don't I 0:10:00.400 --> 0:10:01.679 don't think you did a good job lean off that. 0:10:01.760 --> 0:10:06.720 Just the whole premise though, Okay, like probably see see grade. Okay, 0:10:06.840 --> 0:10:11.959 I'll take another stab at here. Everyone likes hunt white tails. 0:10:12.400 --> 0:10:14.920 They live for the first week in November. Right, America's 0:10:14.960 --> 0:10:17.680 most popular big game animal, America's most popular big game animals. 0:10:17.880 --> 0:10:19.760 You're gonna do it one week out of the year. 0:10:20.080 --> 0:10:23.720 You do it first week in November, you know, I know. 0:10:23.760 --> 0:10:25.719 There's like so, yeah, there's some fluctuations and all that. 0:10:25.920 --> 0:10:29.280 There's some variations and the weather could impact blah blah blah. 0:10:29.320 --> 0:10:31.200 But generally, if you had to like throw a pick 0:10:31.240 --> 0:10:34.080 a calendar date range, that's the date range. Is there 0:10:34.200 --> 0:10:38.360 date out there that shows like the one week out 0:10:38.360 --> 0:10:40.679 of the year where there's the most hunters in the woods. Yes, 0:10:40.760 --> 0:10:44.440 So road kill fertility studies have been done on does 0:10:44.800 --> 0:10:46.480 that were like smashed on the side of the road, 0:10:46.520 --> 0:10:49.640 and then they can date back to like when the 0:10:49.640 --> 0:10:52.559 fetus was conceived or whatever. And I think in the 0:10:52.600 --> 0:10:57.080 Midwest they on average saw like no is being the average. 0:10:57.600 --> 0:10:59.680 So we're hunting a little bit ahead of what would 0:10:59.720 --> 0:11:02.839 be like peak breeding. Oh that's when most doughs get bred. 0:11:03.120 --> 0:11:05.160 When do most milder dolls get bred? You know, I 0:11:05.160 --> 0:11:08.080 don't know, I don't know. And I surveyed ten big 0:11:08.120 --> 0:11:09.959 buck killers like five years ago I asked them what 0:11:10.000 --> 0:11:11.880 their favorite day of the road days, and I think 0:11:11.920 --> 0:11:14.200 seven out of ten picked a day between November seven 0:11:14.280 --> 0:11:16.960 and November ten. So there's first two weeks in November 0:11:17.440 --> 0:11:19.640 are the best two weeks for most white tail hunters. 0:11:20.720 --> 0:11:23.520 November thirteen is the main day they get fertilized. That 0:11:23.640 --> 0:11:27.560 was in like Indiana, which was pretty well representative of 0:11:27.920 --> 0:11:31.720 you know, anything from New England to the West, you know. 0:11:31.800 --> 0:11:35.360 I think that with humans, I think that the summer 0:11:35.400 --> 0:11:37.880 sols to score is real high. I can you remove 0:11:37.960 --> 0:11:40.000 like holiday stuff, No, I think it does. Like the 0:11:40.040 --> 0:11:42.800 summer sols, this is a high score. That's when we're running. 0:11:42.800 --> 0:11:44.480 If you're doing yeah, if you're doing one about people, 0:11:44.520 --> 0:11:47.120 you call it one day in June, one day in 0:11:47.200 --> 0:11:51.760 late June, it's good. Um, so we have we have 0:11:51.840 --> 0:11:54.199 me hunting in Montana, Wyoming. But it's it all plays 0:11:54.240 --> 0:11:56.559 out real time. That's right. It was like the day right, 0:11:56.559 --> 0:11:58.760 So you've got four dudes and four different places and 0:11:58.800 --> 0:12:01.760 like episode one is that day, it's right? Episode two 0:12:01.800 --> 0:12:05.959 is that day? It's right? And in like episode one day, 0:12:05.960 --> 0:12:08.120 why why am I doing better at explain it to 0:12:08.600 --> 0:12:11.120 like watch later, I'll be like talking about dinosaurs and 0:12:11.160 --> 0:12:17.600 Jack and be like, no, ship on day one, You're 0:12:17.600 --> 0:12:20.320 gonna see me in Montana. You're gonna see Clay Nucom 0:12:20.400 --> 0:12:23.520 in Arkansas. You're gonna see Tony Peterson in Minnesota, and 0:12:23.559 --> 0:12:26.520 Mark Kenyon in Iowa. There you go, it's getting better now, 0:12:26.600 --> 0:12:29.120 it's right. You guys got dear Chram all over the place. 0:12:29.280 --> 0:12:33.160 We really liked it and Chester watched it together. Oh great, 0:12:33.920 --> 0:12:36.080 new episodes every Tuesday through the end of the year. 0:12:36.600 --> 0:12:38.800 Um and in those seven episodes, I'll tell you this, 0:12:38.880 --> 0:12:41.680 we kill five bucks, so there's action to be had. 0:12:42.720 --> 0:12:44.360 I would also be a bad member of the production 0:12:44.400 --> 0:12:46.480 team if I didn't mention how awesome it is that 0:12:46.520 --> 0:12:51.599 this show is airing as quickly as it is. Yeah, 0:12:51.800 --> 0:12:53.640 when the product, but it doesn't lose its production but 0:12:53.720 --> 0:12:55.480 not at all. No. I mean Jack can tell you 0:12:55.480 --> 0:12:57.880 all about making movies. He loves it. But normally you 0:12:57.880 --> 0:13:02.679 shoot something for a few years sometimes, but I mean 0:13:02.679 --> 0:13:06.360 it's getting turned around a week or two. Very talented crew, 0:13:06.400 --> 0:13:08.480 every minute matter, to the point where like when we 0:13:08.480 --> 0:13:12.160 would get done filming November one, memory cards were like 0:13:12.200 --> 0:13:15.000 getting overnighted back to the office so those folks could 0:13:15.040 --> 0:13:17.640 have them by the morning in November two. The long 0:13:17.679 --> 0:13:19.360 and short of it, really all the stuff are top 0:13:19.679 --> 0:13:23.040 is subscribe to our YouTube channel and all this stuff 0:13:23.040 --> 0:13:26.240 will just get hand delivered to you. And hold up 0:13:26.720 --> 0:13:30.480 and uh, when when I'm in Montana, Wyoming, I find 0:13:30.679 --> 0:13:33.520 some really special rocks and petrified wood and egg it's 0:13:33.559 --> 0:13:35.800 that are going to enter the auction House of Oddities 0:13:36.040 --> 0:13:38.640 as a one week in November giveaway. One rock that 0:13:38.679 --> 0:13:41.040 I find in Wyoming is one of the coolest pieces 0:13:41.040 --> 0:13:45.199 of petrified would've ever found. It's like almost opalized. It's 0:13:45.200 --> 0:13:46.840 about the size of a softball. That's going to be 0:13:46.840 --> 0:13:48.960 in our auction house coming up later this year. Wait, 0:13:49.040 --> 0:13:51.120 can you describe the opal eyes? Because I know what 0:13:51.200 --> 0:13:54.960 an opal looks like. So does it look like iridescent? 0:13:55.360 --> 0:13:59.040 And maybe jack Jack is not? And there there's common 0:13:59.360 --> 0:14:02.680 there's common opal, and there's uncommon opal. Right, Well, I 0:14:02.679 --> 0:14:05.160 don't know, I don't know my op. I don't know opal, 0:14:05.240 --> 0:14:10.960 but I know opalized, you know would and sometimes even 0:14:11.280 --> 0:14:15.200 you know, dinosaur bones can be opalized. Make it hell. 0:14:16.840 --> 0:14:19.320 The rock that I have, the peace specrified wood, is 0:14:19.360 --> 0:14:23.360 common opal, so it's not very iridescent um, but it 0:14:23.400 --> 0:14:27.560 still has like this very nice, waxy ambery look to it. 0:14:28.520 --> 0:14:31.840 It's going to be in our rockers. There's opalized there's 0:14:31.840 --> 0:14:38.160 opalized wood um right here in the valley. Spencer's gonna 0:14:38.160 --> 0:14:42.800 find it. No, it's right that podcast wraps are going 0:14:42.840 --> 0:14:46.320 to have to tell us what you're like a secret hotspot. 0:14:48.640 --> 0:14:50.880 I got it by that dump. I got a rock story. 0:14:51.320 --> 0:14:53.920 I got a rock story. It'll titilate you, Spencer. And 0:14:54.000 --> 0:14:57.680 then I happen to be in a place where there's 0:14:57.720 --> 0:15:04.560 a big outcropping of green rock. There's a spring flowing out. 0:15:04.640 --> 0:15:07.080 Seth can back me up on this. There's a spring 0:15:07.200 --> 0:15:11.840 flowing out, flowing with it looked like it looked like St. 0:15:11.840 --> 0:15:15.160 Patty's Day. The water flowing out from under that thing 0:15:15.240 --> 0:15:20.360 was green. Seth. Yeah, I even remember asked Steve. I 0:15:20.400 --> 0:15:22.600 was like, is this because that was gonna be our 0:15:22.680 --> 0:15:25.640 our water source for the night. Remember, because we're playing 0:15:25.600 --> 0:15:27.800 on camp. He's a little nervous about drinking that green, 0:15:27.840 --> 0:15:30.000 was like, and we're already caught him that, We're already 0:15:30.000 --> 0:15:32.560 calling that. Remember that old ad, set doesn't remember you 0:15:32.760 --> 0:15:36.120 be an ad for Irish spring soap. We're like this dude, 0:15:36.160 --> 0:15:38.440 like this old Raddy woolf sweater. He's got a jackknife 0:15:38.480 --> 0:15:41.240 out and he cuts into the He's like standing out 0:15:41.280 --> 0:15:43.640 by a spring, apparently in Ireland, and he takes his 0:15:43.720 --> 0:15:46.360 jackknife and cuts a hunk of the shaving of the 0:15:46.400 --> 0:15:51.640 soap off to show that it's apparently the soaps uniform color. 0:15:52.320 --> 0:15:54.680 And he's like, I can't who can do an Irish accent? 0:15:55.520 --> 0:15:59.600 I can't do any accent defensive? Come on, come on, phil, 0:16:01.560 --> 0:16:04.280 Oh it's a it's a chunk of soap. Okay, do 0:16:06.080 --> 0:16:10.160 say say clean as a whistle, that's Irish spring. Clean 0:16:10.240 --> 0:16:15.040 as a whistle, that's Irish spring. We found a spring. 0:16:15.720 --> 0:16:18.600 It was a dead ringer that like that. You could 0:16:18.600 --> 0:16:20.960 have filmed that soap commercial at the spring. We were 0:16:20.960 --> 0:16:23.520 on in one part of the continent, were you North America, 0:16:23.840 --> 0:16:30.840 Upper Upper North America. So the head one of the 0:16:30.880 --> 0:16:35.280 head waters of this was this green rock with green 0:16:35.360 --> 0:16:40.560 water oozing out of the hillside. I'm not lying on 0:16:40.640 --> 0:16:43.000 top of it. I don't wanna get too many details. Anyways, 0:16:43.560 --> 0:16:46.120 I pick up a hunk of this green rock and 0:16:46.320 --> 0:16:47.840 I'm thinking, I don't know what it is, but I 0:16:47.880 --> 0:16:49.480 take up a little chunk and then I got sick. 0:16:49.480 --> 0:16:51.600 Carrying that chunk and busted that chunk and had a 0:16:51.640 --> 0:16:54.360 little or chunk to take home. What is it like? Copper? 0:16:56.920 --> 0:16:59.360 So I gave it to a body mine who's kind 0:16:59.360 --> 0:17:03.120 of tied into the arts world, sculpture and whatnot. He 0:17:03.160 --> 0:17:06.040 gives it to a former student of his who's a jeweler, 0:17:07.240 --> 0:17:09.040 and I said, I wanted a piece for my wife, 0:17:09.040 --> 0:17:10.680 and I wanted a piece for my daughter made out 0:17:10.680 --> 0:17:13.480 of that rock. He comes back all excited because it's 0:17:13.520 --> 0:17:19.639 a green Jasper, Green Jasper. Now I'm having necklaces made 0:17:20.440 --> 0:17:24.560 one of them. Is Seth's gonna too? But now Seth cans. 0:17:24.600 --> 0:17:26.399 He's like a homeowner and a cabine owner can't be 0:17:26.400 --> 0:17:31.880 blowing all his money. But half elk Ivory, half Jasper. 0:17:32.000 --> 0:17:34.200 My daughter doesn't want a tooth in hers, she said, 0:17:34.240 --> 0:17:36.480 So she's just getting straight up Jasper. What do you 0:17:36.640 --> 0:17:40.960 buy that rock? Story? Spencer God alright, moving on to 0:17:41.080 --> 0:17:44.240 our recurring me Eater Auction House of Oddities, which we're 0:17:44.240 --> 0:17:49.200 on number group group five, Group five people. So here 0:17:49.200 --> 0:17:53.080 here's the here's the lineup on group five. Remember we 0:17:53.119 --> 0:17:56.320 had Dr John Karpowski, the squirrel Researcher, on the podcast. 0:17:56.560 --> 0:17:59.160 His book which is like, if you're a squirrel enthusiast, 0:18:00.080 --> 0:18:05.040 nukeam North American tree Squirrels. We have that book signed 0:18:05.119 --> 0:18:08.720 by Dr John Kaprowski. If you're not obsessed with tree squirrels, 0:18:08.760 --> 0:18:10.399 this is gonna get you that way. I don't know 0:18:10.440 --> 0:18:13.440 why anyone would hope that they became obsessed with tree squirrels. 0:18:14.359 --> 0:18:16.639 Do you know what I mean? It's like when you 0:18:16.640 --> 0:18:19.760 read about people real quick, think about this. If you 0:18:19.800 --> 0:18:27.880 read about things that are meant to increase ones sexual appetite, mhm, 0:18:27.920 --> 0:18:30.520 Like if you don't like, if you don't have one, 0:18:30.560 --> 0:18:34.720 do you wish you did? Like? It would be like 0:18:34.920 --> 0:18:38.080 it'd be like, here's a here's a pill that makes 0:18:38.080 --> 0:18:40.800 you want something you don't want. Now. I think there's 0:18:40.840 --> 0:18:43.280 kind of a social pressure to want to have sex, 0:18:43.680 --> 0:18:45.680 but I don't think there's a social pressure to want 0:18:45.680 --> 0:18:48.240 to love tree squirrels. You hear saying like if I 0:18:48.240 --> 0:18:50.000 said no, no, let's say I said, let's say Phil, 0:18:50.000 --> 0:18:53.440 do you wish you had a red sports car? Not particularly? Oh, 0:18:53.480 --> 0:18:55.840 take this pill and you'll want a red sports car? 0:18:56.480 --> 0:18:59.320 I got you. Would you take the pill? No, because 0:18:59.320 --> 0:19:02.800 you're not gonna get it? Read sports car? So here's 0:19:02.800 --> 0:19:06.240 the deal. So I'm saying, if someone's not obsessed with 0:19:06.280 --> 0:19:07.800 squirrel hunt, I don't know that they want to go 0:19:07.840 --> 0:19:11.560 get a book to make them such. So this is 0:19:11.600 --> 0:19:13.560 more what I'm speaking to here is people that are 0:19:13.600 --> 0:19:17.159 already This is for people that are already obsessed with 0:19:17.200 --> 0:19:19.840 squirrel inflation. But it could maybe convert you. Like I 0:19:19.880 --> 0:19:23.400 wasn't previously obsessed with squirrels, and now I'm obsessed with squirrels. 0:19:23.440 --> 0:19:25.359 Did you want to be obsessed with squirrels or was 0:19:25.400 --> 0:19:32.280 it affliction? I fell into it. I fell into it. Yeah, Okay, 0:19:32.359 --> 0:19:35.320 So back what I was saying. If you don't love 0:19:35.400 --> 0:19:37.920 squirrels but wish you did, here's a great book for you. 0:19:38.880 --> 0:19:41.760 More appropriately, if you love squirrels, mo everything about him, 0:19:41.760 --> 0:19:44.399 this is the one you want. Also another meat crafter 0:19:45.400 --> 0:19:47.440 now we learned about like the meat craft are are 0:19:47.520 --> 0:19:51.359 are the Stephen rounella meatcrafter. Addition, meatcrafter from bench made 0:19:52.640 --> 0:19:54.840 like when we sold them, we had a bunch they sold, 0:19:55.160 --> 0:19:57.920 people loved them, some people like a lot of money 0:19:58.080 --> 0:20:04.560 and it was but then some guy on ebayse sells 0:20:04.600 --> 0:20:07.000 one for like twelve bucks because today and bad he 0:20:07.040 --> 0:20:09.639 wants to donate money to conservation when we call him 0:20:09.680 --> 0:20:13.640 out on it. Anyways, Now they're super valuable. Real people 0:20:13.640 --> 0:20:17.560 are people are selling the damn things for on eBay 0:20:17.600 --> 0:20:19.679 and getting thirty six bits. It's like an n f 0:20:19.720 --> 0:20:21.119 T you can hold in your hands. It's like an 0:20:21.200 --> 0:20:26.360 n f TV can cut your finger off with. So, dude, 0:20:26.359 --> 0:20:27.800 when I was with Jordan Bud the other day, she 0:20:27.880 --> 0:20:30.280 saw mine. Now she really wants one, but we were 0:20:30.280 --> 0:20:32.239 putting them up on the auction house very value when 0:20:32.280 --> 0:20:35.480 they go for good money. Hybrid hunting fixed blade knife 0:20:35.520 --> 0:20:38.080 like a bony knife, currently out of stock on Bench 0:20:38.119 --> 0:20:40.280 Made's website, but you can find one here at the 0:20:40.320 --> 0:20:44.080 auction house of Oddity's Beautiful Knife. We got a one 0:20:44.119 --> 0:20:46.879 Week in November package. This is pretty sweet. It's a 0:20:46.920 --> 0:20:50.080 collection of gear and memorabilia that comes straight from the 0:20:50.119 --> 0:20:53.240 first season of our latest YouTube series, One Week in November, 0:20:53.840 --> 0:20:57.600 featuring our very own Mark Kenyon are very own, Spencer 0:20:57.640 --> 0:21:00.880 New Heart are very own, Tony Peterson are very own. 0:21:00.920 --> 0:21:04.880 Clay Nucom spent seven days hunting in seven different states. 0:21:06.080 --> 0:21:11.000 Pieces include Marks Tethered, Phantom Tree Saddle and Predator Platform, 0:21:11.200 --> 0:21:16.119 Tony's Prime bow, a bloodied arrow from Clay's white tail buck, 0:21:16.520 --> 0:21:19.800 and a collection of goods from Spencer, including some wood 0:21:19.800 --> 0:21:22.800 and egg as he found deering the hunt, his blaze, 0:21:22.840 --> 0:21:27.679 orange me eater vest, his benchmate hinted hidden canyon hunter knife, 0:21:28.080 --> 0:21:32.520 his first light, large dirt bag, duffel, and a bullet 0:21:32.520 --> 0:21:35.439 he extracted from his white tail buck. I'm a bit 0:21:35.480 --> 0:21:38.160 on that, sucker man. Then we got Blue Hour, which 0:21:38.200 --> 0:21:41.440 is a ram painting inspired by the beauty, intensity, and 0:21:41.600 --> 0:21:46.520 unniable presence of bighorn sheep residing in the Greater Yellowstone ecosystem. 0:21:47.480 --> 0:21:53.200 Artist the flip Flop Flesher's fiance. That's some serious f aliteration, 0:21:53.240 --> 0:21:58.440 even though fiance flip flop fleshers man, she should start 0:21:58.440 --> 0:22:01.720 out that's she should change sure from Instagram. She's like 0:22:01.800 --> 0:22:06.680 k ray John's. She should be the f F f's 0:22:06.800 --> 0:22:12.399 f quadruple, the f s just squad or just quad 0:22:12.440 --> 0:22:18.199 f She should rebrand. So uh, Seth Morris our beloved, 0:22:18.200 --> 0:22:21.360 Seth Morris, the flip flop flash her He's getting married 0:22:21.400 --> 0:22:25.680 to the wildlife Artist Kelsey Johnson takes beautiful Pictures uses 0:22:25.720 --> 0:22:29.240 that to base paintings off of. Anyways, Blue Hour beautiful 0:22:29.240 --> 0:22:35.679 one from hers twelve by sixteen oil on canvas board. Beautiful. 0:22:36.320 --> 0:22:43.400 Then check this one out. Polished petrified wood bookends. Spencer 0:22:43.440 --> 0:22:47.520 new Hearth and his wife Shelby Huber found some pieces 0:22:47.520 --> 0:22:51.920 of petrified wood near the Yellowstone River fifty million years ago. 0:22:52.000 --> 0:22:55.960 These things were formed. Spencer and Shelby picked them. They 0:22:56.040 --> 0:23:00.320 hand cut them, They hand polished him into perfection. There 0:23:00.320 --> 0:23:03.080 are only two other sets of book ends like these 0:23:03.119 --> 0:23:07.639 in existence. One belongs to Spencer, the other belongs to me, 0:23:08.880 --> 0:23:11.000 So we usually say these are one of a kind items. 0:23:12.240 --> 0:23:15.080 It's one of three. Spencer has a set. I complained 0:23:15.080 --> 0:23:17.520 about him having a set and I didn't have a set. 0:23:17.760 --> 0:23:20.480 He gave me a set. Set number three is here. 0:23:20.840 --> 0:23:24.879 Pedestals of petrified wood cut flat on the bottom that 0:23:25.080 --> 0:23:28.600 use as like book ends. They are choice from our 0:23:28.680 --> 0:23:32.720 very own Spencer the Rockhound new Heart. Check this one out. 0:23:33.080 --> 0:23:35.280 This for you folks down in Atlanta or their bouts 0:23:35.280 --> 0:23:38.960 are headed to Atlanta a night for four at Kevin 0:23:39.000 --> 0:23:44.200 Gillespie's Gun Show restaurant in Atlanta. Enjoy a decadent dinner 0:23:44.280 --> 0:23:49.560 for four at Chef Kevin Gillespie's famed Atlanta restaurant guns Show. 0:23:50.440 --> 0:23:54.440 During this interactive dining experience. Chefs prepare meals in an 0:23:54.440 --> 0:23:58.719 open air kitchen and present them directly to patrons, and 0:23:58.840 --> 0:24:03.359 cocktails are craft a table side on a rolling bar cart. 0:24:04.200 --> 0:24:07.679 The value of the dinner roughly estimates to one fifty 0:24:07.680 --> 0:24:10.880 bucks per person, but it's like worth a ton more 0:24:10.960 --> 0:24:14.480 than that. Got a deer leg bottle opener. You heard 0:24:14.520 --> 0:24:19.000 that right. Brodie Henderson won this impressive bottle opener from 0:24:19.040 --> 0:24:23.399 Spencer new Heart during a highly competitive, uncomfortably heated white 0:24:23.400 --> 0:24:29.000 elephant gift exchange at I was just holding this thing 0:24:29.200 --> 0:24:32.040 in my hand. This thing is hefty. You could beat 0:24:32.080 --> 0:24:34.600 a intruder, yeah, and then if he had a bottle 0:24:34.640 --> 0:24:38.800 of beer, you'd open it. Spencer bought it online from 0:24:38.840 --> 0:24:42.840 an unnamed taxidermist for the occasion of our holiday party. 0:24:43.280 --> 0:24:45.680 It has opened many a beer at many a met 0:24:45.720 --> 0:24:49.359 eater function. The hoof, dew, clause and fur are in 0:24:49.440 --> 0:24:52.600 perfect condition, and the opener is made of sturdy metal 0:24:52.680 --> 0:24:57.000 for even the toughest bottle opening jobs. It's got a 0:24:57.040 --> 0:25:01.320 warning that the only your dog and ahold it now 0:25:01.400 --> 0:25:04.400 that it has any smell to you know what dogs are. Finally, 0:25:04.400 --> 0:25:06.800 we got the giveaway, so the at the auction house. 0:25:06.800 --> 0:25:08.880 The way the giveaways work is there's stuff you've been 0:25:08.960 --> 0:25:10.399 on like with money, and you bid it and buy it. 0:25:10.400 --> 0:25:12.000 And there's stuff you just signed up and win for free. 0:25:12.920 --> 0:25:15.120 The white Tail gear giveaway. So we did a giveaway 0:25:15.160 --> 0:25:17.840 with the Doss Boat to boat. We did a giveaway 0:25:17.840 --> 0:25:20.440 with me and Sess Bottle of Skunk Accidence. This is 0:25:20.480 --> 0:25:25.040 the giveaway. Now, Okay, get yourself completely rigged up while 0:25:25.080 --> 0:25:28.120 you're waiting. Check out one week in November to see 0:25:28.160 --> 0:25:32.840 this gear in action. Uh. Someone wrote, and we're covering 0:25:32.880 --> 0:25:35.560 off pretty heavy with when Dirkin was on about Gordon 0:25:35.640 --> 0:25:39.480 Lightfoot and the record the Van Fitzgerald. You've wrote that song, Jack, 0:25:39.720 --> 0:25:42.159 I am and we got I got the humming some 0:25:42.240 --> 0:25:45.280 lines from Sundown. A guy rolled in, I don't know 0:25:45.280 --> 0:25:48.359 if I don't know if like Gordon Lightfoot, historians know 0:25:48.480 --> 0:25:51.000 this about Gordon Lightfoot. A guy wrote in about who 0:25:51.080 --> 0:25:55.160 Sundown is? Sundown? You did you keep playing a little 0:25:55.200 --> 0:26:10.760 quick liick of that? Uh whatever, Phil sun Um. So 0:26:10.840 --> 0:26:15.360 this guy writes this recently on the podcast Gordon Lightfoot 0:26:15.400 --> 0:26:18.040 has been a subject on some of the podcast. That 0:26:18.119 --> 0:26:20.840 sentence could have been cleaned up and as someone who 0:26:21.000 --> 0:26:24.919 is from or really Gordon's hometown. I feel like I 0:26:24.960 --> 0:26:30.800 can shed some light on whose Sundown likely is. Paul Donnelly, 0:26:31.040 --> 0:26:34.080 who has now passed away, was the local big drug dealer, 0:26:34.880 --> 0:26:37.440 one of the biggest in the province, or so he claimed. 0:26:38.359 --> 0:26:41.760 Paul was responsible for the important export of illegal goods 0:26:41.840 --> 0:26:45.320 into the country direct from Central and South America. This 0:26:45.400 --> 0:26:48.960 is important to note because Paul and Gordon were friends 0:26:48.960 --> 0:26:53.680 of sorts. I always thought Gordon was a wholesome feller. 0:26:53.760 --> 0:26:58.760 But wait until what comes next. This guy says it 0:26:58.880 --> 0:27:01.560 very matter of fact. The this is widely known. While 0:27:01.640 --> 0:27:05.560 Gordon was cheating on his wife with Kathy Smith. Now 0:27:05.680 --> 0:27:08.080 listen to this sentence. You want to talk about sentence 0:27:08.080 --> 0:27:14.000 that makes its own gravy. While Gordon was cheating on 0:27:14.119 --> 0:27:18.879 his wife with Kathy Smith, who infamously killed John Belushi, 0:27:19.800 --> 0:27:25.040 and it's thought to be Gordon's muse for Sundown, Paul Donnelly, 0:27:25.119 --> 0:27:27.919 the drug dealer, was also cheating on his wife with 0:27:28.000 --> 0:27:34.480 Kathy Smith. HM, think about that. You see how John 0:27:34.480 --> 0:27:36.359 Belushi got worked into this whole thing. He died of 0:27:36.400 --> 0:27:38.440 an overdose, right, So is this kind of a hot 0:27:38.600 --> 0:27:41.479 Let's saying that Kathy Smith was maybe supplying him with 0:27:41.520 --> 0:27:46.720 his eight balls or whatever. No, no, you're right. Can 0:27:46.760 --> 0:27:52.520 you see that in the Irish bofe place? He goes 0:27:52.560 --> 0:27:54.399 on and saying, I know this because Paul was my 0:27:54.480 --> 0:27:58.600 grandparents neighbor for forty years. Anyways, I thought you might 0:27:58.640 --> 0:28:05.000 like to know who Sundown probably was. Soun cream wats 0:28:05.080 --> 0:28:10.080 everybody bought your first your first newly buck? Oh yeah, yes, 0:28:11.040 --> 0:28:15.280 so I got my first buck. Earlier this week I 0:28:16.240 --> 0:28:19.320 went on my first solo hunt. I had been to 0:28:19.359 --> 0:28:24.760 this plot of public before. It's really not far from town. 0:28:24.880 --> 0:28:26.399 I wouldn't be giving I wouldn't be going into a 0:28:26.440 --> 0:28:29.359 whole hell of a a lot of detail personally. Okay, fine, 0:28:30.240 --> 0:28:33.960 I wasn't gonna say much more than that, except to 0:28:34.520 --> 0:28:36.959 except to say that it wasn't like in this area 0:28:37.080 --> 0:28:41.360 where I would be too afraid of bears, um, because 0:28:41.360 --> 0:28:43.520 then I probably wouldn't have gone. But myself a little 0:28:43.520 --> 0:28:46.680 bit bear annoyed. I am very bar annoyed. Yeah, I'm 0:28:46.720 --> 0:28:50.000 pretty bear annoyed. Um. I feel like I would probably 0:28:50.920 --> 0:28:54.840 have a heart attack and die before being charged by 0:28:54.840 --> 0:28:57.720 the bear. Yeah, I'm really that you don't want to 0:28:57.760 --> 0:29:00.920 die that way? We do on my drive and I 0:29:01.000 --> 0:29:04.239 always feel like if I'm out hiking, even if I'm 0:29:04.280 --> 0:29:07.680 an area, in an area where that's wooded but that 0:29:07.760 --> 0:29:11.480 probably doesn't have bears, I have that sense of like 0:29:11.800 --> 0:29:14.240 maybe it's looking at me through the trees, like maybe 0:29:14.240 --> 0:29:17.920 it's there. I always have this like kind of a 0:29:17.960 --> 0:29:20.840 little anxiety. And he's and he's very baronnoid. You guys 0:29:20.840 --> 0:29:23.200 can start like a Baronnoia support group and then we 0:29:23.200 --> 0:29:30.200 should we shouldn't go out together and expose ourselves and um, yeah, 0:29:30.240 --> 0:29:36.160 so this was a place where so um, I was 0:29:36.240 --> 0:29:41.600 familiar with this plot. And I pulled up. There weren't 0:29:41.600 --> 0:29:44.080 any other cars. I was very happy. I was like, 0:29:44.160 --> 0:29:46.360 a great choice, careing you're going on Monday, don't do 0:29:46.440 --> 0:29:51.479 this weekend thing anymore. And so to describe the area, 0:29:51.760 --> 0:29:57.360 it's like it is a little more than left right, 0:29:58.080 --> 0:30:03.840 and from front to back it's and and you kind 0:30:03.840 --> 0:30:06.280 of have these I got a question left right from 0:30:07.360 --> 0:30:12.120 traditionally we go north north, you would go north southeast west, okay, right, 0:30:12.120 --> 0:30:13.440 with depending hell of a lot on what way you 0:30:13.480 --> 0:30:16.160 walked into it from. There's really only one way to 0:30:16.200 --> 0:30:19.920 walk in. This is also like overly descriptive of your spot. Yeah, 0:30:20.800 --> 0:30:22.880 I would go in and d out a lot of 0:30:22.880 --> 0:30:25.440 what you said. I've already found it on on X. 0:30:28.920 --> 0:30:31.880 You showed up to your spot, there's nobody there, and 0:30:31.920 --> 0:30:35.240 then I wouldn't even get founded here. It doesn't matter. 0:30:38.000 --> 0:30:42.360 Just like I'm trying to describe proxim in your town dimensions, 0:30:42.760 --> 0:30:45.680 what it's commonly used for. Okay. How many plots of 0:30:45.720 --> 0:30:55.520 public land very near town? All of them too. Okay, 0:30:57.000 --> 0:31:00.800 you showed up, there's nobody there, and you found Dear Phil, 0:31:00.840 --> 0:31:02.280 can you just do because I want to keep this 0:31:02.360 --> 0:31:10.440 lesson in there? Can you just make it be like? Okay, 0:31:10.560 --> 0:31:19.440 lesson learn? So um gracious? So I at you know what, 0:31:19.480 --> 0:31:25.120 when I left my house, I checked my adometer two 0:31:25.160 --> 0:31:34.160 point seven miles down not to give it away. Well, okay, 0:31:34.560 --> 0:31:39.640 put the on x pin in the show notes where 0:31:39.760 --> 0:31:42.480 Korean got it. Okay, So a way to do it 0:31:42.480 --> 0:31:45.959 would be like there I was there, I was, So 0:31:46.040 --> 0:31:51.320 I was there, and um I hiked up to one area, 0:31:52.000 --> 0:31:55.360 and of course when I got up to kind of 0:31:55.360 --> 0:31:59.920 this this field area and offense, all of the smart 0:32:00.080 --> 0:32:03.960 deer were on private land. So um I decided to 0:32:04.080 --> 0:32:07.160 glass as far as I could see in the kind 0:32:07.200 --> 0:32:11.440 of opposite direction. And at about three quarters of a 0:32:11.480 --> 0:32:18.400 mile was one deer kind of close to the other 0:32:18.480 --> 0:32:21.240 side of the fence, which was private. Um, but I 0:32:21.280 --> 0:32:24.440 think it was basically one deer on this entire plot. 0:32:25.480 --> 0:32:28.160 And I got very excited, and it was kind of windy, 0:32:28.280 --> 0:32:29.800 so it's hard for me to see if there were 0:32:29.840 --> 0:32:34.440 antlers or not, and there were so um, I went 0:32:34.600 --> 0:32:39.520 down way before I probably needed to. I started. I 0:32:39.560 --> 0:32:41.880 got on my belly to start to crawl, and there 0:32:41.960 --> 0:32:45.600 was a whole lot of just crawling on my belly. 0:32:45.720 --> 0:32:48.480 And where I got to a spot where I felt 0:32:48.520 --> 0:32:52.640 like I was hidden enough lying on my belly and 0:32:52.840 --> 0:32:55.160 being able to see like part of its antlers and 0:32:55.240 --> 0:32:58.600 part of its ears, is where I stopped. And I 0:32:59.120 --> 0:33:03.560 could tell that he could sense something like he kept 0:33:03.640 --> 0:33:06.280 kind of he seemed to be alert, but couldn't see 0:33:06.280 --> 0:33:10.640 where I was. And um, at one point he moved 0:33:10.720 --> 0:33:15.840 such that I had maybe like a third broadside. And 0:33:16.200 --> 0:33:19.480 this is this is a lesson that I will take 0:33:19.560 --> 0:33:23.640 going forward. When I the next time I go target shooting, 0:33:23.720 --> 0:33:27.600 I will not shoot bullseye targets. I will And I 0:33:27.720 --> 0:33:30.200 called Cal and we talked about this, and I think 0:33:30.200 --> 0:33:35.360 it's so important for people to practice on dear targets 0:33:35.960 --> 0:33:40.880 to know where you need to aim based upon how 0:33:41.000 --> 0:33:44.400 you are positioned and how the animals position. So everyone 0:33:44.440 --> 0:33:47.680 talks about broadside, but what if it's not broadside? And 0:33:47.720 --> 0:33:49.959 what if you can't get a broadside shot? What if 0:33:50.000 --> 0:33:52.440 it's nose? Two knows? Like where do you aim on 0:33:52.480 --> 0:33:54.719 the chest to get a heart or long shot? If 0:33:54.760 --> 0:33:58.400 it's kind of back to you? Backside is to you? 0:33:58.480 --> 0:34:00.680 Where do you so that that's real what I'll need? 0:34:01.440 --> 0:34:03.800 You have to crack open The Complete Guide to Hunting, Butchering, 0:34:03.800 --> 0:34:06.160 and Cooking Wild Game, Volume one, Big Game. I will 0:34:06.200 --> 0:34:09.680 do that. I will do that. I got all, yeah, 0:34:09.800 --> 0:34:11.880 that's that I think I will need at the shooting 0:34:11.960 --> 0:34:14.720 at the shooting range, I will not just shoot bull's 0:34:14.760 --> 0:34:19.719 eyes anymore. So I took a shot and it ended 0:34:19.800 --> 0:34:21.799 up being a little bit low, so it was a 0:34:21.840 --> 0:34:23.799 gut shot, but I didn't know that because it went 0:34:23.880 --> 0:34:28.360 down immediately, and I was like, oh my god, really 0:34:29.360 --> 0:34:31.440 I did I did? I just do it like I 0:34:31.480 --> 0:34:33.880 was very excited, but I did not get up and 0:34:33.920 --> 0:34:36.439 I just lay there and waited because I know that 0:34:37.640 --> 0:34:41.600 from working on this podcast, and if you approach a deer, 0:34:41.640 --> 0:34:45.360 if you approach a buck or a bull, uh, and 0:34:45.440 --> 0:34:50.359 it's not dead. You may get um gordon, you might 0:34:50.360 --> 0:34:52.839 get you might get totally gored by its antlers. So 0:34:52.920 --> 0:34:56.880 I just stayed lying down and thirty seconds later it 0:34:57.000 --> 0:35:02.080 stood up and I was it was my heart sunk. 0:35:02.560 --> 0:35:04.640 I started to get very nervous. I didn't know where 0:35:04.680 --> 0:35:06.799 to take the next shot. It was nose to nose 0:35:06.880 --> 0:35:10.560 to me, there was just all the I didn't kill it, 0:35:10.560 --> 0:35:13.719 it's suffering. What am I supposed to do? Um? And 0:35:13.760 --> 0:35:20.160 I ended up taking a not very good shot another 0:35:20.320 --> 0:35:23.640 not very good shot, and I almost destroyed a little 0:35:23.640 --> 0:35:26.080 bit of backshot but didn't. It was like a couple 0:35:26.200 --> 0:35:32.520 inches to the right of its spine. Um. And then 0:35:32.640 --> 0:35:36.080 I felt like an idiot and needed to take a 0:35:36.120 --> 0:35:38.279 third shot. Or I just waited for a little bit 0:35:38.880 --> 0:35:40.560 um and thought that I needed to take a third 0:35:40.600 --> 0:35:44.400 shot or slit its throat or something. My gun jammed. 0:35:44.480 --> 0:35:46.680 It was a whole disaster. Was freaking out for a 0:35:46.680 --> 0:35:53.040 little bit. And finally he turned to be almost broadside 0:35:53.560 --> 0:35:56.360 to me on the other side, on his opposite side, 0:35:57.040 --> 0:36:01.320 and I shot him again and he went down and 0:36:01.400 --> 0:36:05.000 he eventually died, but he didn't die immediately, and while 0:36:05.000 --> 0:36:08.960 he was not dying immediately, I wondered if I needed 0:36:09.000 --> 0:36:12.920 to let it start. I've heard of people who, you know, 0:36:13.000 --> 0:36:15.640 to put the creature out of its misery sooner rather 0:36:15.719 --> 0:36:19.520 than later, to do that, but I remembered, you know, 0:36:19.600 --> 0:36:23.520 because I was myself, I didn't feel like compromising my 0:36:23.600 --> 0:36:28.120 own safety to end its life sooner. I knew that 0:36:28.160 --> 0:36:29.879 it was going to die, but I made the choy. 0:36:29.920 --> 0:36:32.120 I was sitting there like, buddy, I'm really sorry, and 0:36:32.160 --> 0:36:35.319 I was upset about it, but I still stayed. You know, 0:36:35.680 --> 0:36:41.399 he's got two exactly um and he died a few 0:36:41.400 --> 0:36:46.000 minutes later and that was it. And then I gutted 0:36:46.080 --> 0:36:49.080 him and called my boyfriend and we carried it out 0:36:49.120 --> 0:36:52.560 on our shoulders and and then I cried at who 0:36:52.600 --> 0:36:58.240 I am in the shower after there was no I hadn't. Yeah, 0:36:58.280 --> 0:37:00.160 it was really funny, like it kind of hit me 0:37:00.560 --> 0:37:03.880 after I called Hayden, like we you know, there was 0:37:03.920 --> 0:37:11.200 a kind of um, you know, quartering quartering party and 0:37:11.400 --> 0:37:15.239 uh yeah, way later, I you know, I think I 0:37:15.280 --> 0:37:18.600 think like when the smell of its like scent gland 0:37:18.640 --> 0:37:22.879 was washing out of my hairs when I was which 0:37:22.920 --> 0:37:26.359 when it kind of hit me a little bit, um, 0:37:26.400 --> 0:37:28.000 But I think there were so many things that I 0:37:28.040 --> 0:37:35.759 did wrong that learning experience, Like there's a lot of 0:37:35.800 --> 0:37:38.440 things you did right. Yeah, it's hard to figure. I mean, 0:37:38.440 --> 0:37:40.239 it's hard to go figure stuff. And most people will 0:37:40.239 --> 0:37:42.439 never go do not most people a lot of people 0:37:42.480 --> 0:37:45.040 won't go do something by themselves. They don't understand well 0:37:45.040 --> 0:37:47.080 because they're so paralyzed by the idea they're going to 0:37:47.160 --> 0:37:51.080 do it wrong. Yeah, I mean I was, Um, there 0:37:51.080 --> 0:37:53.400 were certain things that I was really proud of myself 0:37:53.400 --> 0:37:56.880 in the moment, just how I was trying to like 0:37:57.080 --> 0:38:00.840 read where I needed to be to take a shot, 0:38:00.960 --> 0:38:03.960 or how close I needed to be, or you know, 0:38:04.080 --> 0:38:07.560 being really quiet and and trying to be patient. But 0:38:07.680 --> 0:38:09.680 it was some of the you know it's in the 0:38:09.760 --> 0:38:12.760 moment when you're adrenaline is like coursing through your veins 0:38:12.840 --> 0:38:17.120 or stress hormones and trying to just get it done 0:38:17.920 --> 0:38:19.759 in one shot. I mean, it was close enough I 0:38:19.760 --> 0:38:23.400 could have I mean, you know, I could have um, 0:38:23.480 --> 0:38:27.200 but it didn't. It didn't happen that way. So definitely 0:38:27.280 --> 0:38:30.560 lessons for the next time that I do it corintext 0:38:30.560 --> 0:38:32.520 of me yesterday because she's trying to figure out how 0:38:32.520 --> 0:38:37.080 to make a freedom mount and head cheese. Oh yeah, yeah, 0:38:37.640 --> 0:38:40.040 which I told you not exclusive, you can head cheese, 0:38:40.800 --> 0:38:44.600 he said. You remember how they had to rebrand French 0:38:44.640 --> 0:38:46.200 fries because then they didn't want us to do in 0:38:46.239 --> 0:38:51.759 bait Iraq, I rebranded euro Like, I don't know what 0:38:51.800 --> 0:38:54.080 the hell has to do in Europe. That's school, that's 0:38:54.120 --> 0:38:58.840 totally totally doable. But I feel like I feel like people. 0:38:58.880 --> 0:39:02.960 It seems like people way east, so like the average 0:39:03.400 --> 0:39:04.920 I mean, you guys have known this, but it's like 0:39:04.960 --> 0:39:08.239 the average person seems to waste so much meat and 0:39:08.280 --> 0:39:12.040 I'm like trying to pick every little bit of flesh out, 0:39:12.080 --> 0:39:13.520 like it's going to go to my dog or it's 0:39:13.520 --> 0:39:15.960 going to go to soup. Like I don't, well, you 0:39:16.000 --> 0:39:18.719 stare deep enough into those ears and nose gonna Oh 0:39:18.760 --> 0:39:23.800 yeah I did. I did. I cleaned out this large, 0:39:23.840 --> 0:39:27.880 pinky sized larva. I actually actually cleaned some of the 0:39:27.880 --> 0:39:30.319 ear wax out of its ears, and they were like, 0:39:30.400 --> 0:39:32.800 even though you're amounting it, I was just like so interested. 0:39:32.840 --> 0:39:35.359 So I was looking I was looking in in it, 0:39:36.080 --> 0:39:37.920 and then um, they were still like there are a 0:39:38.000 --> 0:39:42.000 number of mites, you know, crawling out. You know, they're interesting. 0:39:42.000 --> 0:39:44.440 Place to find painful looking stuff on deer is in 0:39:44.480 --> 0:39:49.080 the corner of their eyes, oh like little like little 0:39:49.120 --> 0:39:51.600 like I pooh, yeah, No, they get like a pocket 0:39:51.640 --> 0:39:55.520 of like weird material in there. It looks like sawdust. 0:39:55.520 --> 0:39:57.799 I don't understand what that that episode six of One Week 0:39:57.840 --> 0:40:00.480 in November, Tony Peter Sin kills a white tail whose 0:40:00.520 --> 0:40:03.359 eyes are all messed up? Is he packed full stuff 0:40:03.360 --> 0:40:05.480 from rubbing his antlers or something. I don't know. I've 0:40:05.520 --> 0:40:07.320 only seen pictures of it, but I'm sure it'll be 0:40:07.320 --> 0:40:13.279 addressed on the episode. That's a good cliff there. Um, 0:40:13.400 --> 0:40:16.040 that's good man. I don't know, you see like all 0:40:16.040 --> 0:40:18.640 tore up about it, but I mean here, here's look 0:40:18.680 --> 0:40:25.160 at I need to do better on Yeah, Like I 0:40:25.200 --> 0:40:26.360 don't want to do it, but I could tell that 0:40:26.440 --> 0:40:31.400 story real quick. But can you set a template for me? 0:40:31.600 --> 0:40:34.640 I'd be like, Okay, you really want me to? Yeah, seriously, 0:40:35.400 --> 0:40:38.000 because like I totally bored myself to death. I got 0:40:38.000 --> 0:40:41.200 this little spot at hunt. It's really small, it's close town. 0:40:42.120 --> 0:40:43.839 Um usually go out there and you just see deer 0:40:43.880 --> 0:40:46.000 like on other people's properties. But I went out there 0:40:46.080 --> 0:40:47.840 and like, holy sh it, there's a deer like on 0:40:48.440 --> 0:40:51.080 the part I can Hunt, which really surprised me. So 0:40:51.120 --> 0:40:53.279 I crept up on it and I got a couple 0:40:53.320 --> 0:40:58.680 of bad hits, but it died. It was so good. 0:40:59.080 --> 0:41:05.080 I will will point out that Korean told me the story. 0:41:06.600 --> 0:41:08.640 I think we were at the thirty seven minute mark, 0:41:10.160 --> 0:41:14.719 but by the time we were wrapped up, that would 0:41:14.719 --> 0:41:20.800 be a great no. The hunt was from the time 0:41:21.080 --> 0:41:22.719 I saw it to the time I got it was 0:41:22.760 --> 0:41:24.719 a little over an hour. I used to want to 0:41:24.719 --> 0:41:28.600 start a business version for you. I want to start 0:41:28.640 --> 0:41:31.240 a business where people that are trying to rationalize something 0:41:31.480 --> 0:41:33.560 that doesn't make any sense would call you up and 0:41:33.560 --> 0:41:36.640 you'd help them rationalize it, or that they want to 0:41:36.640 --> 0:41:38.600 buy a certain car but they're already in debt and everything. 0:41:39.440 --> 0:41:41.680 And I'd be like, hey, listen, man, let's try this 0:41:41.719 --> 0:41:44.600 one on. Um. You do best when you feel good 0:41:44.640 --> 0:41:47.320 about yourself, Right, You'd like to feel like a winner, 0:41:47.880 --> 0:41:51.160 and that helps you perform like a winner. So maybe 0:41:51.160 --> 0:41:54.560 you need this car to become a winner. Right, I'll 0:41:54.560 --> 0:41:57.759 help you, like rationalized ship. Better business might be people 0:41:57.800 --> 0:41:59.480 call um, They're like, dude, I got a hunting story, 0:41:59.560 --> 0:42:02.520 but I don't know how to tell it, and then 0:42:02.560 --> 0:42:04.359 they tell it, and then you're like, okay, let's work 0:42:04.360 --> 0:42:08.359 out of here. What you do start like this good 0:42:08.400 --> 0:42:12.319 little business. I'll be like hit one for rationalizations, hit 0:42:12.400 --> 0:42:17.120 two for lengthy hunts. But I think you did a 0:42:17.120 --> 0:42:20.720 great I think you just you know, it's it's however 0:42:20.800 --> 0:42:22.319 you want to say at time in the woods, time 0:42:22.360 --> 0:42:25.440 in the saddle, you know, you just need more repetition. 0:42:26.160 --> 0:42:28.640 And even with a lot of repetition, you can end 0:42:28.719 --> 0:42:31.560 up in a situation where you're like, yeah, a couple 0:42:31.600 --> 0:42:33.719 of bad hits, and but I got it. I know 0:42:33.760 --> 0:42:35.080 what I was gonna tell you to make you feel better, 0:42:35.640 --> 0:42:37.040 not make you feel better. But here's the thing. Let's 0:42:37.040 --> 0:42:40.480 say your bowl hunting and you hit it here it 0:42:40.600 --> 0:42:43.080 runs off, and you got okay, you're not We're gonna 0:42:43.080 --> 0:42:47.400 wait an hour, okay, So later you go trail it, 0:42:47.480 --> 0:42:50.080 and as you're trailing it, you're like, oh, here's where 0:42:50.120 --> 0:42:52.680 it stopped for a while, And there's like a pipe 0:42:52.680 --> 0:42:55.880 hate size pool of blood dried on the leaves, and 0:42:55.920 --> 0:42:57.480 you go a little bit like, oh, it stopped here 0:42:57.480 --> 0:42:59.680 for a while, And you go a little bit. Now 0:42:59.719 --> 0:43:01.520 you're a hundred yards away from where you hit it 0:43:01.600 --> 0:43:06.680 and here it is dead. Uh, that might not have happened. 0:43:07.400 --> 0:43:12.120 That might have happened over an hour, but it's out 0:43:12.120 --> 0:43:15.959 of sight. So that person then finds and there's nothing 0:43:15.960 --> 0:43:20.920 but happy they didn't have to witness what went on 0:43:21.760 --> 0:43:25.440 during that hour. The reason they're waiting an hour. They're 0:43:25.480 --> 0:43:28.160 waiting an hour because it might not be dead. If 0:43:28.200 --> 0:43:30.040 it was a foregone conclusion that was laying there dead, 0:43:30.080 --> 0:43:32.560 you wouldn't need to wait an hour. You're like letting 0:43:32.560 --> 0:43:35.719 it die, do you know what I'm saying. So you 0:43:35.760 --> 0:43:40.359 were witnessed to something that is it is like, if 0:43:40.360 --> 0:43:43.120 you're not comfortable with that, then don't shoot at things. 0:43:44.120 --> 0:43:46.680 If you're witnessing, you're witnessing something that is is like 0:43:46.760 --> 0:43:49.759 people just assume it's happening out of their view in 0:43:49.840 --> 0:43:54.520 thick country. Well here's a question. After you maybe take 0:43:54.560 --> 0:43:58.760 a bad shot and it goes down and it comes 0:43:58.840 --> 0:44:01.160 up slowly, and I think, like it's just trying to 0:44:01.200 --> 0:44:08.680 gather itself. It might die if you just still watch, Okay, okay, 0:44:09.360 --> 0:44:22.879 if it comes back shot okay. So guy was listening 0:44:22.920 --> 0:44:25.399 to the podcast at his camp fire and he got 0:44:25.440 --> 0:44:27.640 and he was listening to chaster singing his who yep, 0:44:27.680 --> 0:44:31.000 who yep a song and it called in a black 0:44:31.040 --> 0:44:38.480 bear and two cups that song should uh put that 0:44:38.520 --> 0:44:41.000 on a fox bro or something I know, put it 0:44:41.040 --> 0:44:47.080 on a predator caller Chester going called one in, um 0:44:47.080 --> 0:44:50.680 oh dirt, miss body shot a bear. It took it 0:44:50.719 --> 0:44:53.279 to get checked and they just had tranquilized and relocated 0:44:53.280 --> 0:44:55.640 the bear. Which when someone gets a bear, in the 0:44:55.680 --> 0:44:57.239 back of your mind you're thinking like, hey, must be 0:44:57.239 --> 0:44:59.240 a good hunter. But then when he gets a bear 0:44:59.360 --> 0:45:03.120 that's been recently relocated, it paints this entirely different picture 0:45:04.280 --> 0:45:06.239 where it's like, what the hell is that bear doing there? Right? 0:45:06.239 --> 0:45:09.520 There's figuring things out. So he got had recently been 0:45:09.719 --> 0:45:13.000 had lived where he's lived for ten days, and um, 0:45:13.080 --> 0:45:17.399 you know, you know, kudos him. So the fishing game says, 0:45:17.400 --> 0:45:20.160 we just tranquilized that bear, don't eat it, to which 0:45:20.200 --> 0:45:22.160 I said, that's just someone trying to cover their ass, 0:45:22.160 --> 0:45:24.440 like there's no way that's gonna make you sick. And 0:45:24.440 --> 0:45:26.759 then we talked about people we've known that have been 0:45:26.840 --> 0:45:31.760 hit by tranquilizer darts and they were fine. Kind of Uh. 0:45:32.040 --> 0:45:36.520 Someone wrote him to say someone from Minnesota's DNR who 0:45:36.640 --> 0:45:41.200 unnecessary unesthetizes bears. He says, there isn't a lot of 0:45:41.239 --> 0:45:43.800 literature on the subject, but the thirty day window is 0:45:43.880 --> 0:45:47.560 usually derived from the retention time of drugs in the 0:45:47.640 --> 0:45:52.080 muscles of domestic animals are captain wildlife. The use of 0:45:52.080 --> 0:45:55.040 domestic animals is a good proxy for wild animals because 0:45:55.040 --> 0:45:58.280 getting a good replicated sample of wild critters to test 0:45:58.360 --> 0:46:04.200 on would be different. Minnesota dnr US utilizes the thirty 0:46:04.280 --> 0:46:08.080 day guideline as such. He's where it gets interesting. We 0:46:08.280 --> 0:46:12.000 don't drug animals within a month of the bear season 0:46:12.120 --> 0:46:17.000 opener for research, but if a bear is anesthetized in 0:46:17.160 --> 0:46:21.480 that window by us d A Wildlife Services, it is 0:46:21.600 --> 0:46:26.840 marked with ear tags that say do not eat by 0:46:27.000 --> 0:46:30.960 which is hilarious. Hilarious. It's like finding a bear with 0:46:31.000 --> 0:46:36.319 an expiration date on it half a fingerweight. In they 0:46:36.360 --> 0:46:40.320 have a thirty day rule of not eating tranquilized bears. 0:46:40.320 --> 0:46:43.560 In Arizona, if we do have to drug a bear 0:46:43.600 --> 0:46:46.200 within thirty days of a hunting season, we put ear 0:46:46.280 --> 0:46:50.719 tags on them that that that's say call a z 0:46:51.120 --> 0:46:53.239 g f D, which is the state's Fish and Game 0:46:53.280 --> 0:46:57.200 Department call a z g f D. Do not consume 0:46:59.239 --> 0:47:01.560 Let's say it's hard restend. Three years later, still wearing 0:47:01.560 --> 0:47:04.479 this ear tag, you're calling in, They'll say, go ahead 0:47:04.520 --> 0:47:09.080 and disregard. The drug is metabolized out of their system 0:47:09.120 --> 0:47:11.560 in ten to fourteen days. But agencies like to play 0:47:11.560 --> 0:47:15.359 it safe. That that was my I was like, man, 0:47:15.400 --> 0:47:18.760 I'd eat that bear. But I can completely and totally 0:47:18.840 --> 0:47:22.600 understand why state employee would tell you do not eat 0:47:22.640 --> 0:47:25.279 that bear. Oh yeah, They're never gonna be like, yeah, 0:47:25.480 --> 0:47:30.759 go ahead, thanks for calling in. Of course they're gonna 0:47:30.760 --> 0:47:42.359 be like, uh, no, no answer, no ah. So Jack, 0:47:42.440 --> 0:47:46.759 you were born in Montana according to my parents, Yes, 0:47:47.239 --> 0:47:48.960 how long did you live here? How long did you 0:47:48.960 --> 0:47:50.319 live here before you went away? Because then you came 0:47:50.320 --> 0:47:52.840 back and tried college here. No, I was I was 0:47:52.880 --> 0:47:58.000 born and raised in Shelby. Um. I graduated from high 0:47:58.000 --> 0:48:00.120 school there, and then I went to the universe you 0:48:00.160 --> 0:48:06.479 have Montana and Missoula and flunked out almost immediately and 0:48:06.680 --> 0:48:11.720 uh and then got drafted. Can you can you flunked 0:48:11.719 --> 0:48:13.200 out on what grounds? Like? You know what I mean? 0:48:13.239 --> 0:48:19.040 Like what was going on? Well? Yeah, like like I 0:48:19.080 --> 0:48:22.239 think at the end of my first two semesters, I 0:48:22.280 --> 0:48:28.040 had a zero point zero six great average like that bad? 0:48:28.080 --> 0:48:31.319 That bad? You know, I had all fs and one 0:48:31.520 --> 0:48:38.360 A and swimming I'm serious, yes, and uh yeah, I 0:48:38.360 --> 0:48:42.359 got drafted and and I went to Vietnam and came 0:48:42.360 --> 0:48:45.680 back and I went back to college and flunked out 0:48:46.040 --> 0:48:48.840 six more times. But why would they keep giving you 0:48:48.880 --> 0:48:52.080 more chances to go back? Well, you have to play 0:48:52.239 --> 0:48:56.719 to go to schools. Make a lot of money off 0:48:56.719 --> 0:49:01.640 this guy, they decided, you know, they Yeah, I when 0:49:01.680 --> 0:49:04.560 I was in high school, like, I won three of 0:49:04.640 --> 0:49:09.560 the four science fairs, and my science teacher was, you know, 0:49:10.160 --> 0:49:13.799 I couldn't understand why I was flunking science classes and 0:49:13.960 --> 0:49:17.440 winning science fairs. That is a good question. It was 0:49:17.480 --> 0:49:22.160 a good question. It turns out I'm just severely dyslexic, 0:49:23.400 --> 0:49:29.200 and reading is the hardest thing that I do still. Anyway, 0:49:29.640 --> 0:49:31.879 my father just thought I was just a dumb ship 0:49:32.600 --> 0:49:35.400 And so what does he mean about it? He had 0:49:35.440 --> 0:49:39.160 been a valedictorian of his class, and so, you know, 0:49:39.320 --> 0:49:44.080 he just figured I was lazy. So when you're okay, 0:49:44.719 --> 0:49:48.120 if you're dyslexic, like, what's happening when you try to read? 0:49:49.160 --> 0:49:51.600 You know, it's pretty hard to explain since I don't 0:49:51.600 --> 0:49:56.600 know how what's happening when you're reading. Yeah, it's just 0:49:56.800 --> 0:50:00.960 I think most of it is just allow of of 0:50:01.080 --> 0:50:06.719 the really short term memory. I can't memorize anything, not 0:50:06.880 --> 0:50:12.359 even like four letters or four numbers. And so when 0:50:12.400 --> 0:50:15.319 you can't retain you know, I can, I can sort 0:50:15.320 --> 0:50:19.520 of read along. I read letters rather than words, and 0:50:19.560 --> 0:50:21.440 so it just takes a long time, but then you 0:50:21.480 --> 0:50:24.640 can't retain it. So but if you're if you're listening 0:50:24.680 --> 0:50:28.120 to a book on tape, is that better? It's better, 0:50:28.160 --> 0:50:32.040 but it's still the short term memory thing is still there. 0:50:32.080 --> 0:50:36.239 So you know, my learning, most of the learning that 0:50:36.560 --> 0:50:39.840 I've done is just sort of on the job training, 0:50:39.920 --> 0:50:46.040 right experience. So walk through how you went from not 0:50:46.160 --> 0:50:50.520 being able to keep in school to be in the 0:50:50.800 --> 0:50:54.640 foremost or one of the foremost dinosaur researchers on the planet. 0:50:55.760 --> 0:51:00.000 Like something happen, Well, nothing really happened. I was pretty 0:51:00.040 --> 0:51:05.600 be lucky. Um, the professors that you have m realized that, 0:51:05.880 --> 0:51:10.000 you know, that I had a real strong interest in paleontology. 0:51:10.360 --> 0:51:13.480 Finally they just you know, just let me take classes. 0:51:14.880 --> 0:51:17.800 And at the end of it, I had also learned 0:51:17.800 --> 0:51:21.879 how to prepare fossils, how to clean fossils out of rock, 0:51:22.280 --> 0:51:25.200 and I was pretty good at it. And I went 0:51:25.239 --> 0:51:27.640 to college for seven years, and at the end of it, 0:51:28.120 --> 0:51:31.399 I had taken all the classes that I thought were 0:51:31.520 --> 0:51:34.960 necessary to be a paleontologist. I didn't think i'd ever 0:51:35.040 --> 0:51:38.759 really be one, but I took all the classes, and 0:51:38.800 --> 0:51:41.319 then I just started applying for jobs all over the 0:51:41.320 --> 0:51:45.239 world where where they spoke English, you know, in museums 0:51:46.239 --> 0:51:48.839 and uh. There was a guy that had just come 0:51:48.880 --> 0:51:53.799 to the University of Montana from New Jersey, Rutgers University, 0:51:53.880 --> 0:51:55.480 and he saw some of the stuff I did, and 0:51:55.520 --> 0:51:58.399 so he put a word in for me at at 0:51:58.520 --> 0:52:02.000 Princeton University. And I got a job as a technician 0:52:02.200 --> 0:52:06.240 at Princeton University. So I went there was culture shock, 0:52:06.520 --> 0:52:11.160 as you can imagine, Shelby to New Jersey, and then 0:52:11.200 --> 0:52:14.839 I started working there in nineteen seventy five, and two 0:52:14.920 --> 0:52:17.360 years later I found one of the first dinosaur eggs 0:52:18.080 --> 0:52:21.240 in North America. And then you know, we found baby 0:52:21.280 --> 0:52:25.600 dinosaurs the year later, and I published my first paper 0:52:25.719 --> 0:52:29.440 in Nature magazine, and they, like Nature, didn't this. They 0:52:29.440 --> 0:52:31.520 didn't have a thing that you can't publish in here 0:52:31.560 --> 0:52:33.760 if you don't have a doctorate, and you can't publish 0:52:33.760 --> 0:52:35.799 in here if you don't have a degree. They just, 0:52:36.000 --> 0:52:38.759 you know, they're just looking for good data. But but 0:52:38.840 --> 0:52:40.920 how did you know to make your how did you 0:52:40.960 --> 0:52:44.240 know to make your findings conform to what it takes 0:52:44.280 --> 0:52:47.359 to have like a to be in a peer review journal. Well, 0:52:47.480 --> 0:52:51.760 I my boss at Princeton University, the curator there, helped 0:52:51.760 --> 0:52:55.120 me out. Helped you write it up. He didn't help 0:52:55.200 --> 0:52:56.880 me write it. He just sort of he gave me 0:52:56.920 --> 0:53:00.160 a lot of pointers. And I had learned a lot 0:53:00.200 --> 0:53:02.280 of things when I was at the University of Montana. 0:53:02.800 --> 0:53:05.560 My professors there had taught me a lot about how 0:53:05.600 --> 0:53:09.160 to write a paper, too. So yeah, so what was 0:53:09.200 --> 0:53:14.759 that paper? It was the family structure of Dinosaurs. And 0:53:15.040 --> 0:53:18.480 I realized early on that if I studied something that 0:53:18.520 --> 0:53:21.800 no one else had ever studied, I didn't have to 0:53:21.840 --> 0:53:27.680 read very much. So no one had found baby dinosaurs 0:53:27.719 --> 0:53:30.000 before that, and no one had even gone looking for 0:53:30.080 --> 0:53:32.279 them because they at that time didn't even think they 0:53:32.320 --> 0:53:36.200 could find them. And so dinosaur behavior was sort of 0:53:36.280 --> 0:53:40.839 something that I was interested in doing. And and then fortunately, 0:53:41.480 --> 0:53:45.920 through a whole bunch of weird circumstances, found baby dinosaurs 0:53:45.960 --> 0:53:49.600 and and it basically launched my career. And you didn't 0:53:49.640 --> 0:53:51.480 have to go read everybody else and stuff. We have 0:53:51.560 --> 0:53:55.160 to read anything. How did you find the dinosaurs? Like? 0:53:55.200 --> 0:53:58.600 What were you looking for? Something specific, a different like 0:53:58.840 --> 0:54:02.960 a type of soil or no. Um, it's sort of 0:54:02.960 --> 0:54:07.520 a history to it. Um. There were two paleontology groups. 0:54:07.520 --> 0:54:10.479 There was a group from the Smithsonian and a group 0:54:10.480 --> 0:54:14.200 from the American Museum in New York that back in 0:54:14.280 --> 0:54:18.920 the early nineteen hundreds had found some dinosaurs in Montana 0:54:19.239 --> 0:54:23.600 and very close to Shelby where I grew up. In fact, 0:54:23.880 --> 0:54:25.959 some of them were found where I found my first 0:54:25.960 --> 0:54:29.719 dinosaur bones as a kid. And a lot of the 0:54:29.760 --> 0:54:33.719 dinosaurs that they found they named new species, but they 0:54:33.719 --> 0:54:37.200 were little. And in nineteen seventy five, the year that 0:54:37.239 --> 0:54:41.360 I got a job at Princeton, paper came out showing 0:54:41.480 --> 0:54:46.839 that those were juvenile dinosaurs. It showed that juvenile dinosaurs 0:54:47.000 --> 0:54:51.759 looked different than adult dinosaurs, even though they looked really different. Um, 0:54:52.360 --> 0:54:55.799 even though the juveniles were pretty big, I mean, they 0:54:55.800 --> 0:54:59.600 weren't babies, they were they were pretty big. And it's 0:54:59.680 --> 0:55:01.560 kind of you know, it's like a deer, right, I mean, 0:55:01.600 --> 0:55:05.120 a young buck looks different than an older buck, right, 0:55:05.160 --> 0:55:09.239 they get up, their antlers continue to get begger each year. 0:55:09.520 --> 0:55:13.080 And so with dinosaurs, the same sort of thing that 0:55:13.200 --> 0:55:16.279 juveniles look different than the adults, and you know, they 0:55:16.280 --> 0:55:20.240 can be pretty big, so they're retaining their juvenile characteristics. 0:55:21.320 --> 0:55:24.439 And this person published this paper, but then nobody paid 0:55:24.440 --> 0:55:28.560 any attention. I mean they did pay attention, but every 0:55:28.560 --> 0:55:31.360 time somebody would find a new dinosaur that looked different, 0:55:31.360 --> 0:55:34.560 they had still name it something different, not realizing it 0:55:34.600 --> 0:55:38.600 could be just a juvenile of something else. And that 0:55:38.719 --> 0:55:42.080 was where I started realizing that, you know, that's what 0:55:42.160 --> 0:55:45.200 they're probably doing. And so I was out looking in 0:55:45.239 --> 0:55:50.000 that same area and didn't find what I was looking for. 0:55:50.600 --> 0:55:53.560 But one day a friend of mine said, there's a 0:55:53.640 --> 0:55:57.320 lady in buying the Montana that has some dinosaurs. She 0:55:57.440 --> 0:56:00.360 found a dinosaur and she wanted to identified. And I 0:56:00.520 --> 0:56:03.080 was really close to where I had found my first dinosaurs, 0:56:03.160 --> 0:56:06.319 and so I said, you know, i'll go identify it 0:56:06.360 --> 0:56:09.680 for her, and I did, and as I was leaving 0:56:09.719 --> 0:56:11.680 her rock shop, she said, oh, by the way, do 0:56:11.680 --> 0:56:14.640 you have any idea what these little things are? And 0:56:14.840 --> 0:56:19.680 in her hand were the first baby dinosaurs. From North 0:56:19.680 --> 0:56:24.000 America and eggs are hatched. No, they were just tiny 0:56:24.040 --> 0:56:29.080 little fragments of skeleton. And I said, you know, I 0:56:29.120 --> 0:56:33.160 was almost fell over. And did she just find them 0:56:33.200 --> 0:56:35.280 like on her on her property or so? She found 0:56:35.320 --> 0:56:39.560 him on a ranch near Choto and and I said, yes, 0:56:39.640 --> 0:56:43.399 I know what those are. They're really important. She gave 0:56:43.440 --> 0:56:47.719 them to me. I later talked to the landowners and 0:56:47.760 --> 0:56:50.680 got permission to go back out there and excavate. My 0:56:50.760 --> 0:56:54.240 friend Bob and I, who was a high school science teacher. 0:56:54.320 --> 0:56:56.400 He and I went out excavated this thing and it 0:56:56.440 --> 0:56:59.839 turned out to be a nest full of baby dinosaurs 0:57:00.680 --> 0:57:04.520 and they were the first baby dinosaurs in the world. 0:57:04.800 --> 0:57:08.000 How many were in the nest? Like they were hanging 0:57:08.000 --> 0:57:10.719 out on the nest hatched and they were Yeah, they 0:57:10.719 --> 0:57:15.000 were three ft long and as an adult the adults 0:57:15.000 --> 0:57:18.200 are thirty five ft long. So a little nest of 0:57:18.360 --> 0:57:22.240 fifteen three ft long dinosaurs hanging out in the nest together. Ye. 0:57:22.520 --> 0:57:24.760 What happened to them? How did you get killed? Well, 0:57:24.840 --> 0:57:29.200 they were probably abandoned by the parents because they couldn't 0:57:29.200 --> 0:57:32.920 walk on their own, so just like baby birds, so 0:57:32.960 --> 0:57:36.320 they weren't like engulfed in ash or something. No, they're 0:57:36.360 --> 0:57:41.200 they probably were just abandoned. Could you tell, like what 0:57:41.240 --> 0:57:43.120 the nest was made out of, Like, was that kind 0:57:43.120 --> 0:57:47.080 of a sediment? Oh? Really, they pile made a pile 0:57:47.200 --> 0:57:50.360 of dirt or something that carved it out. What was 0:57:50.400 --> 0:57:57.320 the circumference of the nest about six ft that's pretty tight. Yeah, 0:57:57.960 --> 0:58:04.320 it was really cool. And was that the miasaur? I 0:58:04.320 --> 0:58:07.080 gotta ask you one of my hot dinosaur questions. Just 0:58:07.120 --> 0:58:08.840 has a lot to do with your research. Alright, I 0:58:08.880 --> 0:58:09.960 got a cult to have a lot to do with 0:58:10.000 --> 0:58:17.960 your research nowadays, I'm gonna I'm gonna nowadays, anytime someone 0:58:18.000 --> 0:58:21.400 that I hang out with is looking at a chicken 0:58:22.120 --> 0:58:25.760 or looking at a turkey, they go like, a you 0:58:25.800 --> 0:58:28.560 can't pull the wool over my eyes. I got his number. 0:58:28.920 --> 0:58:32.680 That's a dinosaur, right, Yeah. Why don't they say that 0:58:32.720 --> 0:58:36.480 when they're looking at chickenees? Well they should, but why 0:58:36.480 --> 0:58:39.840 does everybody just do it for turkeys and chickens? I 0:58:41.240 --> 0:58:43.160 don't know. That's a that's a good question, but it 0:58:43.280 --> 0:58:46.360 might have something to do with, you know, the fact 0:58:46.360 --> 0:58:50.720 that I keep saying chickens are dinomas. I know, I 0:58:50.720 --> 0:58:54.560 feel like you created the problem. I probably dead you know, well, 0:58:54.560 --> 0:58:58.600 I could see, like I'll start talking about chicken eases. 0:58:58.800 --> 0:59:01.160 You see a turkey or chicken like with the longer 0:59:01.240 --> 0:59:03.400 neck and just the way they run around looks more 0:59:03.400 --> 0:59:05.160 like a dinosaur than a chicken. Ee. But it's just 0:59:05.160 --> 0:59:07.120 starting to get it's starting to annoy me. I know 0:59:07.160 --> 0:59:11.280 what you mean, because I don't know why isn't any 0:59:11.320 --> 0:59:14.120 bird chicken an eagle? Yea, you know they all are 0:59:14.160 --> 0:59:19.440 all all birds have a common ancestor, and so you know, 0:59:20.240 --> 0:59:25.240 they're all equally a dinosaur. And this is like, this 0:59:25.280 --> 0:59:26.920 is pretty bad. This is pretty one on one stuff. 0:59:27.160 --> 0:59:28.480 You can do that as a launch pad to talk 0:59:28.520 --> 0:59:33.600 about this whole thing is they did, Like the idea 0:59:33.880 --> 0:59:38.560 that dinosaurs went extinct is sort of like most of 0:59:38.600 --> 0:59:43.320 them all. Basically all of the dinosaurs that we think 0:59:43.320 --> 0:59:48.520 of as dinosaurs went extinct. The dinosaurs that gave rise 0:59:48.560 --> 0:59:52.320 to birds were a little they were like a little 0:59:52.400 --> 0:59:58.320 velociraptor thing. I mean, they're and you know they're called solurosaurs. 0:59:58.840 --> 1:00:03.640 We don't even you know, it's just one tiny branch 1:00:04.000 --> 1:00:07.440 of dinosauria. Is it a genus or a family or 1:00:07.480 --> 1:00:11.640 there was a it was a family, but but but 1:00:11.800 --> 1:00:16.520 the you know, the branch that led to birds, you know, 1:00:17.360 --> 1:00:20.480 branched off during the Jurassic Period. I mean it was 1:00:20.840 --> 1:00:23.920 so birds and dinosaurs, birds and extinct the ones that 1:00:23.960 --> 1:00:29.360 would go extinct lived together and so and and they 1:00:29.360 --> 1:00:37.840 were relatively small bipedal meat eaters. Um, they gave rise 1:00:37.840 --> 1:00:41.800 to birds. And so, yeah, walk through the steps and 1:00:41.960 --> 1:00:45.360 figure and figuring that out, Like what were the clues 1:00:45.400 --> 1:00:49.320 along the way that let someone be like that must 1:00:49.440 --> 1:00:51.439 was just because there was an absence of an other 1:00:51.520 --> 1:00:54.800 explanation or they're like little concrete things that would happen. Well, 1:00:54.840 --> 1:01:00.280 you know, to determine be you know, to determine related us, 1:01:00.760 --> 1:01:04.440 we look at similarities, right, you can't look so for 1:01:04.480 --> 1:01:07.640 a long time, people you know, looked at dinosaurs and 1:01:07.680 --> 1:01:09.960 they looked at birds and they said, you know, they 1:01:10.880 --> 1:01:13.160 a lot of people thought they couldn't be related because 1:01:13.160 --> 1:01:15.760 there's so many differences between them, right, you know, I 1:01:15.800 --> 1:01:19.280 mean they just don't look at all alike. Right, A 1:01:19.480 --> 1:01:23.840 robin and a Tyrannosaurus, or a robin and a Stegasaurus 1:01:23.960 --> 1:01:28.400 just have so many differences between them that nobody thought 1:01:28.440 --> 1:01:34.240 about the fact that you know that we determine relatedness 1:01:34.280 --> 1:01:39.360 by similarities and differences don't matter at all. Right, if 1:01:39.360 --> 1:01:41.760 you're going to determine whether you're related to your brother 1:01:41.880 --> 1:01:43.880 or your sister, you can't do it by looking at 1:01:43.880 --> 1:01:46.920 the differences between you. You only do it by looking 1:01:46.920 --> 1:01:50.880 at the similarities. And so when people started actually looking 1:01:50.960 --> 1:01:56.000 for similarities, they found that that extinct dinosaurs have more 1:01:56.160 --> 1:02:00.880 similarities with birds then they have with any other group 1:02:00.880 --> 1:02:04.520 of animals. And so you hit me with a couple 1:02:04.600 --> 1:02:09.680 of the similarities. Feathers, hollow bones, hard shelled eggs. Um. 1:02:09.800 --> 1:02:13.880 I mean, you just just lots and lots of characters. 1:02:14.040 --> 1:02:16.960 Wasn't there a big like aha moment with the lungs 1:02:17.000 --> 1:02:19.400 of dinosaurs and how they're similar, like they're more similar 1:02:19.400 --> 1:02:23.040 to birds than they are to like crocodiles. Well that's 1:02:23.040 --> 1:02:25.960 but that's a hypothesis. We don't really have the lungs 1:02:26.000 --> 1:02:30.919 of dinosaurs. So so we we do know that that 1:02:31.080 --> 1:02:34.480 a lot of dinosaurs, like long necked dinosaurs, the sauropods 1:02:34.520 --> 1:02:38.120 and the mediating dinosaurs, have a lot of hollow spaces 1:02:38.120 --> 1:02:42.360 in their bones, and that's similar to birds because birds, 1:02:43.240 --> 1:02:48.720 you know, birds actually breathe through their lungs into these 1:02:48.760 --> 1:02:53.120 air sacks that are in their skeleton much more efficient 1:02:53.160 --> 1:02:55.960 than mammals they do. That they have is in an 1:02:56.000 --> 1:03:00.360 immediate sense, huh, Like, I mean when he the bird 1:03:00.400 --> 1:03:04.000 takes a breath, that breath is immediately moving into hollows 1:03:04.000 --> 1:03:07.600 in their bones. It goes right through their lungs into 1:03:07.960 --> 1:03:12.120 into air air sacks, and then the air in the 1:03:12.120 --> 1:03:16.200 air sacks comes back out. Basically the way birds breathe, 1:03:16.200 --> 1:03:19.720 they have fresh air in their lungs, whether they're breathing 1:03:19.720 --> 1:03:25.320 in or breathing out, it is really efficient. We breathe 1:03:25.360 --> 1:03:29.760 in and you know, in our into our lungs, and 1:03:29.840 --> 1:03:32.240 we've got dead air space from our lungs to our 1:03:32.240 --> 1:03:35.560 nose right and then we just breathe it back out again. 1:03:35.640 --> 1:03:39.680 But birds, I say, whether they're breathing in or breathing out, 1:03:40.240 --> 1:03:44.640 there's this this sort of double passage way that that 1:03:44.760 --> 1:03:49.560 allows fresh air to always be in their lungs very efficient. 1:03:52.120 --> 1:03:54.280 And there's a hypothesis that the dinosaur has had that 1:03:54.400 --> 1:04:00.920 characteristic at least at least the sarris ski and dinosaurs, 1:04:00.960 --> 1:04:04.960 which include all the meat eaters and all of the sauropods, 1:04:05.000 --> 1:04:10.520 the long neck dinosaurs, the others um try Sarah to 1:04:10.800 --> 1:04:13.880 this horn dinosaurs and the duckbill dinosaurs they don't have 1:04:14.040 --> 1:04:19.040 they don't seem to have those characteristics, but had something similar. 1:04:20.000 --> 1:04:28.880 The similarity like thought processes, is really amazing to grasp because, uh, 1:04:29.080 --> 1:04:32.960 just like one example, like sandhill cranes, right, the sandhill 1:04:33.000 --> 1:04:35.880 crane that we have flying around today, that we're starting 1:04:35.880 --> 1:04:38.000 to be able to hunt again, and in a lot 1:04:38.000 --> 1:04:43.240 of these states, um in very very very very very 1:04:43.280 --> 1:04:45.760 similar to the degree of it is the same bird 1:04:45.960 --> 1:04:49.200 as the ones that's in the fossil record going back 1:04:49.200 --> 1:04:52.520 two and a half million years ago. Uh. And then 1:04:52.520 --> 1:04:57.200 there's this community that says, but that fossil is so 1:04:57.320 --> 1:05:03.040 similar to this fossil from seventeen million years ago? Is 1:05:03.080 --> 1:05:06.200 it all just one bird? Well, it's not all just 1:05:06.280 --> 1:05:10.400 one bird. I mean, you know, evolution is an accumulation 1:05:10.520 --> 1:05:14.920 of of characteristics over time, and so it depends on 1:05:14.960 --> 1:05:19.280 where you start comparing. All Right, We'll take individual A, right, 1:05:20.080 --> 1:05:25.160 and and it's offspring is different than it is, and 1:05:25.160 --> 1:05:29.360 and then it's offspring is more different, right, And you 1:05:29.480 --> 1:05:35.160 just keep looking every generation after generation after generation comparing 1:05:35.240 --> 1:05:39.600 back to the first one. Right, the difference gets greater 1:05:39.680 --> 1:05:42.240 and greater and greater and greater. So at what point 1:05:42.240 --> 1:05:46.000 do you define a similarity. And so that's why you 1:05:46.040 --> 1:05:50.720 know it's it's you can't pin down where a specie. 1:05:51.480 --> 1:05:55.440 The greatest change that ever occurs in evolution is the 1:05:55.480 --> 1:05:59.720 difference between your parents and you and you. You know, 1:06:00.040 --> 1:06:04.360 that's the biggest change that ever happens in evolution. There's 1:06:04.440 --> 1:06:07.760 never a point when something just pops up in one 1:06:07.840 --> 1:06:13.320 day is completely different. So so it is just an 1:06:13.360 --> 1:06:17.880 accumulation of characteristics over long periods of time. So so 1:06:18.280 --> 1:06:23.440 you know, two million years it's possible that that the 1:06:23.480 --> 1:06:30.120 sandhill crane of today theoretically could mate with with a 1:06:30.280 --> 1:06:33.600 sandhill crane from two and a half million years ago. 1:06:33.720 --> 1:06:43.040 That's theoretically possible, but but the characteristics would be very 1:06:43.080 --> 1:06:47.040 different because the ecosystem has changed so much. This is 1:06:47.040 --> 1:06:49.160 the thing that I find confuses people all the time, 1:06:49.280 --> 1:06:51.000 regardless what they're talking about. Like I was having a 1:06:51.000 --> 1:06:54.520 conversation there day with Clay Nucom about he's doing a 1:06:54.560 --> 1:06:58.760 series on the fulsome site where they had where ice 1:06:58.800 --> 1:07:02.280 age hunters killed an animal called bison antiquois and Clay 1:07:02.280 --> 1:07:06.160 as Clay was saying it's an extinct bison species, Like 1:07:06.520 --> 1:07:09.400 it's not an extinct bison species is if you went 1:07:09.480 --> 1:07:15.120 back twelve thousand years, that's what they looked like. It's 1:07:15.120 --> 1:07:17.320 it's our it's the one we have now. It's just 1:07:17.360 --> 1:07:20.720 they look different. There were twenty percent bigger, their horns, 1:07:20.920 --> 1:07:23.480 their horns sweept in a different their horns sweept in 1:07:23.520 --> 1:07:26.080 a different direction. But it wasn't like they all ceased 1:07:26.120 --> 1:07:28.680 to exist. And then all of a sudden the kind 1:07:28.720 --> 1:07:32.720 we know today sprang from like Zeus's brow, right, you know, 1:07:32.840 --> 1:07:36.080 like it's it is just a it's a continuum. But 1:07:36.200 --> 1:07:37.960 how do you how do you decide where to like, 1:07:38.040 --> 1:07:40.840 how do people decide where to go? Like that ended, 1:07:40.960 --> 1:07:43.960 and this began we we we don't do that. You 1:07:43.960 --> 1:07:53.360 guys quit doing that. We got together over a guy 1:07:53.720 --> 1:07:58.160 in fifty nine published a book in the Origin of Species. 1:07:59.400 --> 1:08:02.000 That's that's that's when they stopped doing that. Pretty good 1:08:02.040 --> 1:08:05.360 circulation on that, So that was when they, I mean 1:08:05.360 --> 1:08:10.840 it basically before that, you know, before Darwin published that book, 1:08:10.920 --> 1:08:13.000 I mean, most people just you know, it was sort 1:08:13.040 --> 1:08:16.160 of the Lenaan way of thinking that that fish and 1:08:16.200 --> 1:08:19.919 amphibians and reptiles and birds and mammals were completely different 1:08:20.600 --> 1:08:24.680 from each other. And you could easily identify them and 1:08:24.680 --> 1:08:27.760 and they'd all been put on earth on one day, right, 1:08:28.200 --> 1:08:33.160 and so and so what Darwin did, but we showed 1:08:33.200 --> 1:08:38.960 that they actually were related, and they're related through their 1:08:39.040 --> 1:08:43.519 you know, going back generations and generations and and not 1:08:43.680 --> 1:08:47.920 talking about five generations but thousands of generations, right, and 1:08:47.960 --> 1:08:52.040 so you can just you can start linking them together 1:08:52.080 --> 1:08:54.280 and we can do it. You know, now we can 1:08:54.439 --> 1:09:00.720 determine relatedness with d n A. Right, and from a 1:09:00.800 --> 1:09:08.439 working sense, the your example of could this breed with that? 1:09:09.320 --> 1:09:13.960 Is that a pretty good like working man's definition of Unfortunately, 1:09:14.000 --> 1:09:18.800 that is the species definition. The biologic species definition is 1:09:18.920 --> 1:09:23.519 two animals that can mate and have viable offspring. There 1:09:24.800 --> 1:09:27.840 because you can't do fossils. Yeah, mule deer and white 1:09:27.840 --> 1:09:31.040 tails can breed, but they don't have a viable exactly, right, 1:09:31.880 --> 1:09:34.320 And you know the same goes for lions and tigers 1:09:34.360 --> 1:09:40.680 and and and you know horses and donkeys. Well, yeah, exactly, 1:09:44.960 --> 1:09:47.559 but it depends on it depends on. It depends on 1:09:47.680 --> 1:09:50.120 what the male is and what the female is. Because 1:09:51.120 --> 1:09:53.280 if you do it opposite of making a mule, you 1:09:53.280 --> 1:09:59.040 get a hymie, oh animal called a heinie so and 1:09:59.080 --> 1:10:02.920 it's like a like or a liger and a and 1:10:03.240 --> 1:10:06.640 uh lie gone or whatever they call them. You know, 1:10:06.640 --> 1:10:10.479 it depends on who the father is and who the mother, 1:10:10.640 --> 1:10:16.519 which which species the or which organism. That's the origin 1:10:16.600 --> 1:10:19.680 of the word heinie. I feel like I've heard that 1:10:19.720 --> 1:10:22.000 when I was a kid, like my grandmother or something 1:10:22.320 --> 1:10:28.360 like you know or something like that. Yeah, yeah, there 1:10:28.360 --> 1:10:31.080 we go. Let me let me hear, let me hear 1:10:31.160 --> 1:10:37.280 the population demographics question. What Okay, let's say you were 1:10:39.040 --> 1:10:42.439 you were back in time. Okay, I'm always back in time. 1:10:42.520 --> 1:10:45.000 You're back in time, and you're gonna go out and 1:10:45.360 --> 1:10:50.600 hunt for a transporse rex Okay, well I can. I 1:10:50.640 --> 1:10:54.000 can tell you right from the get go it's not 1:10:54.120 --> 1:10:59.360 as difficult as Karin's story about hunting this deer. I mean, 1:10:59.400 --> 1:11:05.200 the story is diff You block off ten days, okay, 1:11:06.160 --> 1:11:08.720 you go to I don't know, you go to the 1:11:08.720 --> 1:11:12.519 shore of the Great Inland Sea. Okay, you block off 1:11:12.520 --> 1:11:16.599 at ten day, hunt at the height of t rex nous. 1:11:19.000 --> 1:11:22.679 You find a good trail, you find a good overlook, 1:11:22.720 --> 1:11:25.479 You find a good overlook where you're commanding. You can 1:11:25.520 --> 1:11:35.000 see your your your glass, and three miles out okay, 1:11:35.520 --> 1:11:38.759 and you just work this glass and nob how many 1:11:38.840 --> 1:11:44.360 do you see? And it's it's media. It's a media. 1:11:44.439 --> 1:11:48.519 Turns out it's a mediocre trip over a ten day period, 1:11:48.640 --> 1:11:51.160 ten days, a hard glass and the edge of the 1:11:51.200 --> 1:11:54.880 Great Inland Sea. How many t rexes do I pick 1:11:54.920 --> 1:12:01.320 off with my binoculars? Quite a few, you think, so, yeah, 1:12:01.479 --> 1:12:06.479 I I'm I would hypothesize that the number of t 1:12:06.640 --> 1:12:14.160 rex is on the coastal plane at the height of 1:12:14.160 --> 1:12:19.639 of the Cretaceous, the latest Cretaceous would have been similar 1:12:19.760 --> 1:12:30.120 to hyenas on yes on on the Serengetti I would 1:12:30.240 --> 1:12:33.880 have been so. I mean that that would that would 1:12:33.880 --> 1:12:38.320 mean that the food for t rex would have to 1:12:38.360 --> 1:12:41.479 be well, let's we're gonna we might have I might 1:12:41.520 --> 1:12:43.559 have to give you a little bit of a lesson 1:12:43.600 --> 1:12:48.040 in t rex. That is really controversial. That's one of 1:12:48.040 --> 1:12:56.519 the reasons controversy. E mail from sixth graders. It was 1:12:56.600 --> 1:12:59.160 like it was like a bald eagle. It was no, 1:12:59.240 --> 1:13:02.000 it was like a high na. So they you know 1:13:02.080 --> 1:13:04.799 high Enda's hunt. I mean, they all take down sick animal. 1:13:04.840 --> 1:13:08.760 They just take what's easy, right, I mean they're opportunists, 1:13:09.120 --> 1:13:11.200 and that's what we think That's what I think t 1:13:11.400 --> 1:13:15.799 Rex was was an opportunist because it has bone crushing teeth, 1:13:15.960 --> 1:13:18.840 and it had to evolve. It had to select for 1:13:19.000 --> 1:13:24.720 having bone crushing teeth, which means that that it's that 1:13:24.840 --> 1:13:31.240 its ancestors had meat slicing teeth, right, and and its 1:13:31.320 --> 1:13:35.200 ancestors could run faster than t rex could, and it 1:13:35.320 --> 1:13:40.120 had its ancestors had longer grasping arms, and so t 1:13:40.320 --> 1:13:47.800 rex selected for having bone crushing teeth, having a if 1:13:47.840 --> 1:13:51.840 you compare your femur to your tibia, you'll notice. I mean, 1:13:51.880 --> 1:13:56.160 just think about us. We are half legs, right, and 1:13:56.240 --> 1:14:00.880 and yet we can't outrun anything our size. We are 1:14:01.000 --> 1:14:06.080 adapted for long distance walking. We can probably outwalk a deer. 1:14:07.080 --> 1:14:10.479 But and a t rex is the same thing. I mean, 1:14:10.520 --> 1:14:14.000 it's got the same proportion. It's not a runner, and 1:14:14.200 --> 1:14:16.559 a bipedal animal that is a runner has a short 1:14:16.640 --> 1:14:20.880 femur and a long tibia like a chicken or or 1:14:20.920 --> 1:14:23.080 any of the birds you want to pick out. I mean, 1:14:23.080 --> 1:14:27.120 they can they run fast because of that proportion. And 1:14:27.160 --> 1:14:31.160 so t rex has selected for, you know, being able 1:14:31.200 --> 1:14:36.880 to walk long distances. It has bone crushing teeth. It's 1:14:37.240 --> 1:14:44.360 losing its arms. And it's got this enormous old factory lobe. 1:14:44.960 --> 1:14:48.439 And and if you take, if you cat scan like 1:14:48.560 --> 1:14:53.600 a like a bloodhound, the nose of a bloodhound, it 1:14:53.720 --> 1:14:57.320 has relatively small old factory lobes, but it has this 1:14:57.479 --> 1:15:02.400 huge bunch of old factory septa in its big nose, 1:15:02.880 --> 1:15:06.719 and it can you know, can come in tomorrow and 1:15:06.720 --> 1:15:09.920 and determine whether all of us were in this room, right, 1:15:09.960 --> 1:15:12.640 I mean, that's how good to know it. But it 1:15:12.720 --> 1:15:18.599 can't smell things at long distances, whereas a turkey vulture, 1:15:18.960 --> 1:15:21.559 if you cat scan it, it has huge old factory 1:15:21.600 --> 1:15:25.679 lobes and relatively small old factory septa, and it can 1:15:25.720 --> 1:15:30.439 smell carcass, and it can smell something twenty five miles away. 1:15:30.560 --> 1:15:32.920 So does that mean as good as smelling like it's 1:15:32.920 --> 1:15:36.519 good at smelling a thing very far away rather than 1:15:36.560 --> 1:15:41.080 a lot of detail up close. And so those that 1:15:41.520 --> 1:15:44.479 set of characters, the bone crushing teeth and the large 1:15:44.520 --> 1:15:50.200 old factory lobes and walking all suggests that it's that 1:15:50.400 --> 1:15:54.280 it is an opportunistic animal and what it smells is stamping. 1:15:54.360 --> 1:15:58.200 Plus the exactly and plus the fact that in the 1:15:58.240 --> 1:16:00.599 fossil record to go out to eastern my antenna, and 1:16:00.640 --> 1:16:06.439 we find Tyrannosaurus rex pretty commonly. I mean, you know, 1:16:06.760 --> 1:16:09.680 the Museum of the Rockies has twelve t rexes. I mean, 1:16:10.760 --> 1:16:14.559 you know, we hardly have any of the little We've 1:16:14.600 --> 1:16:17.080 got one or two of the little little meat eaters, 1:16:17.160 --> 1:16:22.040 you know, the kind that that have recurved claws and 1:16:22.040 --> 1:16:27.559 and and blade teeth and and short fevers and long tibias. 1:16:27.600 --> 1:16:31.160 I mean that could run fast and good grasping arms. 1:16:31.360 --> 1:16:38.160 They are rare, just like cheetahs are rare in the ecosystem. 1:16:38.240 --> 1:16:44.120 So so the number of specimens of t Rex that 1:16:44.200 --> 1:16:47.880 we find is way above what it would be if 1:16:47.880 --> 1:16:53.479 it was an apex predator, suggesting it's an opportunist. Now, 1:16:54.800 --> 1:17:01.800 you know, like I said, little kids just hate that idea. So, 1:17:02.160 --> 1:17:05.160 uh my, my little buddy Finn Harrington was going to 1:17:05.200 --> 1:17:06.760 be in here where the kid you're supposed to have 1:17:06.760 --> 1:17:10.439 with you? Oh, I got sick. He's um unfortunately he 1:17:10.520 --> 1:17:15.160 doesn't know this is going on. But we're gonna give 1:17:15.240 --> 1:17:20.400 a little shout out and um if you can hypothesize 1:17:20.920 --> 1:17:25.959 who would win in a fight between uh t rex 1:17:26.200 --> 1:17:32.240 and velociraptor. One t rex and a veloci raptor. Yes, 1:17:32.479 --> 1:17:38.280 well I have like six more of these. First off, 1:17:38.320 --> 1:17:42.120 the veloci raptor probably would come as a couple of 1:17:42.400 --> 1:17:47.000 a few individuals. And I think they scaled their prey 1:17:47.240 --> 1:17:51.719 so they just climb up and start eating. So they climb, 1:17:51.840 --> 1:17:54.200 They would climb in their prey, I think so. I 1:17:54.200 --> 1:17:57.360 think they scaled their prey. They've got recurved claws like cats, 1:17:57.439 --> 1:18:01.439 so they could climb, and they're climbing trees. I don't 1:18:01.439 --> 1:18:04.400 think so. I think they just scaled their prey. And 1:18:04.439 --> 1:18:07.880 didn't Jurassic Park like get their size pretty wrong? Weren't 1:18:07.880 --> 1:18:11.280 they really small? Well yeah, yeah, but you know it 1:18:11.439 --> 1:18:14.840 was a movie, but but like what what was the 1:18:14.920 --> 1:18:17.760 reality the size? And in the show you see them 1:18:17.800 --> 1:18:21.519 like you know, theyvelociraptors about this tall. They are now 1:18:21.680 --> 1:18:26.280 kids favorite they're like kids favorite dinosaurus. When I was 1:18:26.280 --> 1:18:29.120 a kid, you like t Rex. Now kids like blossom raptors. 1:18:29.160 --> 1:18:34.200 They're they're how tall, Like yeah, they're like this the 1:18:35.200 --> 1:18:38.599 movie they're like seven feet tall. Well they but it's 1:18:38.760 --> 1:18:42.840 it's harrowing to think they climb up the animal. So 1:18:42.880 --> 1:18:46.200 when I when I was working on Jurassic Park, Steven 1:18:46.200 --> 1:18:50.360 Spielberg asked me to bring a cast of of um 1:18:51.280 --> 1:18:56.040 of dino nikas, which is closely related to velociraptor, but bigger. 1:18:56.560 --> 1:18:59.559 And so I brought, you know, our cast of one 1:18:59.560 --> 1:19:04.479 of our spe someone's down to the set and and people, 1:19:04.920 --> 1:19:09.599 you know, if you remember that the scene where they're 1:19:10.200 --> 1:19:14.280 sweeping sand off of a off a skeleton, we had 1:19:14.320 --> 1:19:17.760 a cast of a of a dino nicas there and 1:19:17.760 --> 1:19:20.600 and and I signed off and I said this is 1:19:20.640 --> 1:19:23.320 you know, this is perfect, and and that and it's 1:19:23.360 --> 1:19:28.080 even bigger than a velociraptor. But Spielberg came along and 1:19:28.080 --> 1:19:29.800 he says it's just not big enough. And so I 1:19:30.560 --> 1:19:36.360 got rid of that styroom. There you go, thank you, 1:19:36.640 --> 1:19:39.960 that's why it's big. So he but but okay, so 1:19:41.040 --> 1:19:43.680 is your little body gonna accept that he wouldn't show 1:19:43.760 --> 1:19:46.840 up alone. I really really wish he was here because 1:19:46.840 --> 1:19:50.559 he's a great, great at asking questions. But you know, 1:19:50.600 --> 1:19:53.120 if t Rex, if t Rex happened to just bite him, 1:19:53.160 --> 1:19:55.320 you know, he's gonna bite him and he's gonna just 1:19:55.360 --> 1:19:58.000 swallow him all at once. So what would be a 1:19:58.040 --> 1:20:03.960 better dino matchup m t Rex and who, well, you know, 1:20:04.680 --> 1:20:08.320 clash of the titans obviously. Have you ever seen like 1:20:08.760 --> 1:20:14.760 pictures of of hyenas and lions fighting. Yeah, that I mean, 1:20:15.280 --> 1:20:20.080 so you know, a lion is a lion has some 1:20:20.200 --> 1:20:26.880 advantages over over hyena because it's just more you know, 1:20:26.920 --> 1:20:30.559 I could just move around better, right, But a hyena 1:20:30.640 --> 1:20:34.320 has the strongest bite of almost any animal. I mean, 1:20:34.320 --> 1:20:37.600 he's got so if it so, if any piece of 1:20:37.640 --> 1:20:41.000 the lion gets into the hyena's mouth, it's gone. I mean, 1:20:41.040 --> 1:20:43.960 it just crushes it because it has bone crushing teeth. 1:20:45.000 --> 1:20:48.160 So you know, just if you stay out of the 1:20:48.160 --> 1:20:52.879 t rex's mouth, you're fine. If you don't, whatever pieces 1:20:52.920 --> 1:20:59.719 in there has gone. How many velocity actors to take down? Well, 1:20:59.720 --> 1:21:03.519 that's good question, but you know, I it's hard to say, 1:21:03.560 --> 1:21:06.120 but you know even three or four would be fine. 1:21:07.960 --> 1:21:11.040 Dinosaurs could take down a t rex. Yeah, because because 1:21:11.080 --> 1:21:15.280 they're climbing on that is great. I mean, thank you, Spencer. 1:21:15.560 --> 1:21:21.880 So you've seen you know, most most reptorial birds right 1:21:23.400 --> 1:21:26.360 come out of the sky, they hit their prey right 1:21:26.479 --> 1:21:28.280 on the ground and then then he just stand on 1:21:28.360 --> 1:21:30.600 it and they start eating it and the animal is 1:21:30.680 --> 1:21:33.880 usually still alive. That's like the crows and the ravens. Yeah, 1:21:33.880 --> 1:21:38.360 they I mean they you know, they're dinosaurs ancestors. They 1:21:38.400 --> 1:21:43.240 they eat their prey alive. So it makes sense that 1:21:44.120 --> 1:21:47.840 didn't do that. That poor dear. Yeah, you could have 1:21:47.880 --> 1:21:51.439 just climbed up on it and started eating. When I 1:21:51.520 --> 1:21:53.960 was a kid, Uh, Pluto was a planet and now 1:21:53.960 --> 1:21:57.080 it's not. And similarly, I felt like you always heard 1:21:57.120 --> 1:22:01.240 that dinosaurs were cold blooded, and then like five years ago, 1:22:01.280 --> 1:22:03.280 I felt like they were headlines and like no, now 1:22:03.280 --> 1:22:06.639 they're warm blooded, and then recently it's like, no, they're neither. 1:22:06.920 --> 1:22:15.280 So in November, where do we stand? Definitely warm blood there, 1:22:15.280 --> 1:22:18.920 but they're not warm blooded like us. So there weren't 1:22:18.920 --> 1:22:23.519 blooded like birds. We are endothermic homiotherms. That means we 1:22:23.600 --> 1:22:27.639 generate heat internally and we keep a constant body temperature, 1:22:27.720 --> 1:22:31.200 and we a lot of our food goes into actually 1:22:31.400 --> 1:22:35.519 keeping our constant body temperature. And the reason that we 1:22:36.280 --> 1:22:42.000 our homeeothermic that keep this is because mammals evolved as 1:22:42.120 --> 1:22:45.160 nocturnal creatures and so they had to have a system 1:22:45.200 --> 1:22:47.800 to keep otherwise that they're just froze to death, right, 1:22:47.840 --> 1:22:51.120 So they had to be able to eat, generate heat 1:22:52.400 --> 1:22:55.880 internally and then keep it at a constant body temperature, 1:22:56.439 --> 1:23:01.280 and so our you know, we now could utilize the 1:23:01.320 --> 1:23:06.560 sun because we're diurnal, but we still have this leftover 1:23:06.640 --> 1:23:10.920 physiology from being from our ancestors when we were nocturnal. 1:23:11.840 --> 1:23:16.960 Birds have always been diurnal and other reptiles and so 1:23:17.800 --> 1:23:25.240 so reptiles are are cold blooded, right, they're ectothermic heterotherms 1:23:25.360 --> 1:23:30.600 are ectothermic poikyatherrms. In other words, they don't generate heat internally. 1:23:30.600 --> 1:23:33.040 They get it from the sun and they can move 1:23:33.040 --> 1:23:36.840 around to you know, to alter that to adjust it. 1:23:39.320 --> 1:23:45.400 Birds are endothermic heterotherms, which means that they generate heat internally, 1:23:46.320 --> 1:23:50.760 but they can fluctuate their temperature because they can also 1:23:50.920 --> 1:23:56.080 utilize the sun, right, and so so there are birds 1:23:56.120 --> 1:23:59.960 that can you know, Turkey vultures can can can fluct 1:24:00.080 --> 1:24:03.960 wait their temperature by forty degrees. You know, we if 1:24:04.000 --> 1:24:06.759 we are four degrees, we have to go to the hospital. 1:24:07.360 --> 1:24:10.439 M and so imagine just being able to drop your 1:24:10.439 --> 1:24:14.720 temperature by forty degrees. They do They do that to 1:24:14.720 --> 1:24:19.640 save energy. Well, I mean, yeah, yeah, I mean if 1:24:19.680 --> 1:24:23.880 you can go into a short term torpor, you don't 1:24:23.920 --> 1:24:26.800 need eat as much. And so that's why birds can 1:24:26.840 --> 1:24:29.519 sit on the wire and watch cows just eat all 1:24:29.600 --> 1:24:33.719 day long, right, and they're like, what's wrong with those cows? 1:24:35.200 --> 1:24:39.599 Would they drop their temperature their internal body temperature when 1:24:39.640 --> 1:24:44.280 the sun is out in order to Yeah? Use So okay, 1:24:44.320 --> 1:24:49.080 it's just like just opportunistic, just like turning your your 1:24:49.960 --> 1:24:56.880 therometer down. Interesting, So translate this for me with uh, 1:24:56.920 --> 1:25:01.120 because you're using diurnal nocturnal. So go back to my 1:25:01.200 --> 1:25:05.799 hypothetical hunting trip where I'm just like glassing good dinosaur. 1:25:07.520 --> 1:25:10.639 Am I seeing evidence at that time? Am I seeing 1:25:10.720 --> 1:25:14.679 evidence of like, Oh, there's a species that's that seems 1:25:14.680 --> 1:25:17.599 to be nocturnal, that one seems to be diurnal, there's 1:25:17.640 --> 1:25:20.800 a crepuscular one that hunts in low light or is 1:25:20.800 --> 1:25:24.720 it like dead at night and in the daytime everybody's out. Yeah, 1:25:24.720 --> 1:25:27.160 I'm mostly like that. There there may have been some 1:25:27.240 --> 1:25:32.360 dinosaurs that could hunt, you know, near dust or you're dawn. 1:25:32.640 --> 1:25:36.240 I mean, they're they're probably worth something, but for the 1:25:36.280 --> 1:25:41.439 most part they were diurnal. Hmm. And the mammals at 1:25:41.479 --> 1:25:44.400 the time were nocturnal. So the you know, the all 1:25:44.520 --> 1:25:47.840 little fuzzy mammals that lived at the same time as dinosaurs, 1:25:48.560 --> 1:25:51.799 they were out at night hunting for insects or whatever, 1:25:51.920 --> 1:25:55.439 and that's how they keep safe. Well, that's that's what 1:25:55.479 --> 1:26:00.000 I would certainly do to keep safe. Big old dinosaur 1:26:00.240 --> 1:26:12.960 walk a him not too long ago. And I even 1:26:13.000 --> 1:26:14.800 seen your name get rolled into this a little bit 1:26:15.840 --> 1:26:19.759 not too long ago. A guy maybe in the Dakota 1:26:19.800 --> 1:26:22.320 Is I can't remember his name. A guy came out 1:26:22.840 --> 1:26:26.000 and there was a lot of hooplah and he had said, Hey, 1:26:26.040 --> 1:26:30.599 I found evidence from not only the day that all 1:26:30.600 --> 1:26:35.479 the dinosaurs died from that big asteroid collision off the 1:26:35.560 --> 1:26:39.800 uk tam Penizula Mexico. I found it from the seconds 1:26:39.880 --> 1:26:46.320 that that happened. Well that's controversial. Can you explain this 1:26:46.400 --> 1:26:50.160 to people? Though? Well, you know, like what he found 1:26:50.360 --> 1:26:54.040 according so according to the to that hypothesis, which is 1:26:54.080 --> 1:26:57.559 pretty cool, and I have to say it. For many years, 1:26:57.600 --> 1:27:01.040 I I didn't think they had enough evidence for it, 1:27:01.080 --> 1:27:04.600 But I think they do now for the for the 1:27:04.720 --> 1:27:09.040 impact of a meteor or whatever it was, huh that 1:27:09.160 --> 1:27:11.760 hit the Yucatan Peninsula, and I think they have very 1:27:11.800 --> 1:27:14.120 good evidence for it now and I would agree with it. 1:27:14.600 --> 1:27:18.559 But if you can imagine, I mean, this gigantic thing 1:27:18.880 --> 1:27:24.439 hits the Yucatan, and and you know the devastation. First off, 1:27:24.520 --> 1:27:29.479 the think of the tidal wave, right, I mean it 1:27:29.640 --> 1:27:35.360 hits hits water basically, and what was it circumference? I'm sorry, 1:27:35.360 --> 1:27:38.719 it's whatever I think there. You know, it varies anywhere 1:27:38.760 --> 1:27:42.559 from two miles to you know, ten miles okay, because yeah, 1:27:42.560 --> 1:27:48.600 i'd heard eight miles eight mile wide rock and and 1:27:48.600 --> 1:27:53.360 and so you know, it creates uh nine on the 1:27:53.439 --> 1:28:01.560 Richter scale earthquakes basically worldwide. It it throws trees and 1:28:01.640 --> 1:28:05.719 dinosaurs and water and dirt and everything into literally into 1:28:05.760 --> 1:28:09.200 the stratosphere, I mean basically into orbit for a while. 1:28:09.320 --> 1:28:11.400 You've heard the theory about there being dinosaur bones on 1:28:11.439 --> 1:28:16.799 the Moon. No, I haven't heard that. It's it's about 1:28:17.080 --> 1:28:19.200 it was in a book I read about how that's 1:28:19.200 --> 1:28:24.480 how I blast. It put a vacuum in the atmosphere 1:28:24.479 --> 1:28:27.559 for like seconds where it just sent shrapnel into outer space, 1:28:28.000 --> 1:28:30.240 and based on rocks that they had found on the Moon, 1:28:30.600 --> 1:28:32.960 they could hypologize that there would be dinosaur bones that 1:28:33.000 --> 1:28:37.080 alternated there. I believe anything. I wasn't visioning more of 1:28:37.160 --> 1:28:41.360 a hypothesis based around using like a porta pot. No, 1:28:42.439 --> 1:28:45.920 we're a little splashback put it on the moon. I 1:28:46.040 --> 1:28:50.559 picture of t Rex just still floating around them there somewhere. Well, 1:28:52.479 --> 1:28:57.759 there has been dinosaur bones in space, miasaurra bones, baby 1:28:57.800 --> 1:29:01.040 those baby dinosaur some of those baby be dinosaur bones 1:29:01.120 --> 1:29:04.960 that that we found in showed were taken up on 1:29:05.000 --> 1:29:07.160 the on one of the shuttles one time, just so 1:29:07.240 --> 1:29:09.559 we could say that baby dinot that bones that din 1:29:09.800 --> 1:29:14.559 dinosaurs have been in space. That warranted the expenditure of money. 1:29:16.400 --> 1:29:18.720 Somebody just took it. One of the astronauts just took 1:29:18.760 --> 1:29:24.000 up with him just just it was. But what's his name? 1:29:24.040 --> 1:29:28.600 The astronaut that works at M s U. No, so 1:29:28.880 --> 1:29:31.160 I can't. I can only name I can only name 1:29:31.200 --> 1:29:36.160 a hand anyway, he in a similar vein, I did 1:29:36.160 --> 1:29:37.960 a story of years ago on freeze dried food, like 1:29:38.000 --> 1:29:40.280 explaining all about freeze dried food, the history, how it's 1:29:40.320 --> 1:29:44.680 made and all that, and I learned unsettling truths. No 1:29:44.760 --> 1:29:48.920 astronaut has ever eaten space ice cream and space Okay, 1:29:49.040 --> 1:29:54.000 it went up. They didn't touch it so good, they 1:29:54.000 --> 1:29:58.240 don't need it. Why just wasn't appealing to him? They 1:29:58.280 --> 1:30:00.599 think that they they think that they brought some up. 1:30:00.760 --> 1:30:03.519 It was never consumed and space ice cream has yet 1:30:03.560 --> 1:30:08.680 to be eaten in space. A shrimp cocktail has. So 1:30:08.760 --> 1:30:11.080 what's the new evidence that supports I we should get 1:30:11.080 --> 1:30:17.840 back to the make everything die well. I want to 1:30:17.840 --> 1:30:20.040 hear more about how bad it was that day. It was. 1:30:20.160 --> 1:30:22.120 It was a bad day. I can tell you it 1:30:22.200 --> 1:30:26.120 was a bad whop the earth off. It's uh no, 1:30:26.120 --> 1:30:30.320 I don't think so, no, no, but it but the 1:30:30.360 --> 1:30:34.519 title wave would have would have washed over most of 1:30:34.840 --> 1:30:38.400 the United States, all the way up into Illinois really 1:30:38.640 --> 1:30:41.800 and at the time there was a you know, part 1:30:41.880 --> 1:30:46.280 of a seaway that kind of went up almost Montana. 1:30:47.280 --> 1:30:52.360 And that's my and that that tidal wave is what 1:30:52.400 --> 1:30:56.840 this guy is saying is has has washed a bunch 1:30:56.880 --> 1:31:00.000 of stuff into this area in North Dakota, South Dakota 1:31:00.040 --> 1:31:03.559 wherever it is. And and then it is a result 1:31:03.760 --> 1:31:07.360 of the tidal wave, like it was the the like 1:31:07.520 --> 1:31:11.120 depository end of the tidle wave created this great collection 1:31:11.120 --> 1:31:14.320 a junk, right exactly? Do they also think volcanoes were 1:31:14.400 --> 1:31:18.639 setting off like and that was on the opposite side 1:31:18.640 --> 1:31:22.519 of the world. So India there was a there were 1:31:22.640 --> 1:31:28.320 there's a big vulcanism event that seems to coincide with 1:31:28.800 --> 1:31:32.599 with you know, about the same time. So like that 1:31:32.640 --> 1:31:35.040 thing cold cock the earth so hard that it caused 1:31:35.120 --> 1:31:39.760 volcanoes on the other side of the Yes, damn, that's 1:31:39.760 --> 1:31:43.720 a hit. So there was you know, there was, There 1:31:43.720 --> 1:31:47.800 would have been. It's like me hit paints. There would 1:31:47.800 --> 1:31:50.800 have been wildfires all over. I mean it just it 1:31:50.880 --> 1:31:53.439 would have. It would have been pretty devastating and then 1:31:53.479 --> 1:31:56.360 blocked out the sun all the off the sun created 1:31:56.439 --> 1:31:59.760 like a nuclear winter, killed off the plants, killed off 1:31:59.760 --> 1:32:03.880 the ant eaters, and apparently the meat eaters as well. 1:32:04.200 --> 1:32:08.120 And and what we don't understand is why the birds survived. 1:32:08.439 --> 1:32:11.560 Did you not buy it because it was too tidy, 1:32:11.760 --> 1:32:15.240 it was too convenient? Well, it's the birds. I'm still 1:32:15.320 --> 1:32:18.519 a little concerned about how how you know, birds are 1:32:19.520 --> 1:32:23.080 are pretty fragile in the ecosystem, and I just like, why, 1:32:23.640 --> 1:32:27.400 why how did they manage to survive? I don't I 1:32:27.439 --> 1:32:29.919 don't quite figure out where they could be to survive, 1:32:31.520 --> 1:32:34.439 because you know, they have to eat the same old 1:32:34.520 --> 1:32:39.599 things that everyone else is. Even maybe they had, but 1:32:39.760 --> 1:32:43.599 you know, they're they're nocturnal, they can they probably hibernating anyway, 1:32:43.640 --> 1:32:48.200 So I don't know, it's just you know, it's an 1:32:48.200 --> 1:32:52.519 interesting story. Um, I actually really don't care what killed 1:32:52.560 --> 1:32:54.840 the dinosaurs. Well, let me let me invite you to 1:32:54.840 --> 1:32:59.600 care for a minute. Give me another plausible, Give me 1:32:59.640 --> 1:33:05.000 another plausible. Well, you know, theory B there the only 1:33:05.240 --> 1:33:09.280 theory B is that. I mean, it's not very good. 1:33:09.320 --> 1:33:14.679 It's environmental. You know, it's basically um an environmental change 1:33:14.680 --> 1:33:21.040 where where where the seaways retract off of the continents 1:33:21.080 --> 1:33:25.479 that had been there most of the time, which changes 1:33:25.680 --> 1:33:32.600 the the the climates and changes you know, air passages 1:33:32.680 --> 1:33:35.840 and all sort of. I mean, it just basically a 1:33:36.040 --> 1:33:42.559 pretty rapid change in the climate, which in many cases 1:33:42.560 --> 1:33:44.439 it could do sort of a similar thing. But you 1:33:44.439 --> 1:33:47.439 would still expect some of the dinosaurs to have made 1:33:47.439 --> 1:33:53.519 it through that, and they didn't. So when you say 1:33:53.520 --> 1:33:57.360 that you don't But meteor theory makes more sense. But 1:33:57.360 --> 1:33:59.680 when you say you don't care what happened to him, 1:33:59.720 --> 1:34:01.640 how can you afford not to care what happened to him? 1:34:03.439 --> 1:34:06.439 That's like the burning deal, right, Well, not for me, 1:34:06.479 --> 1:34:08.599 it isn't. What is the burning deal for you? Well, 1:34:08.640 --> 1:34:11.439 I'm just I'm curious to know how they were so 1:34:11.520 --> 1:34:15.080 successful for a hundred and fifty five million years. People 1:34:15.080 --> 1:34:17.280 are focusing on the wrong thing. I think so. Yeah. 1:34:17.360 --> 1:34:20.080 I think with like the asteroid thing, people who sight 1:34:20.160 --> 1:34:23.599 of that, we're closer in time to t Rex than 1:34:23.640 --> 1:34:26.479 t Rex was to like Stegasaurus. And so what people 1:34:26.520 --> 1:34:28.559 are missing with the asteroid thing is it's not like 1:34:28.600 --> 1:34:31.240 every dinosaur died that day or that week or that month. 1:34:31.680 --> 1:34:34.439 By the time t Rex came around, stegas ours fossils 1:34:34.479 --> 1:34:38.120 had been in the ground for eighty million years. A good. 1:34:38.320 --> 1:34:40.360 That's a good. I like that one. They had like 1:34:40.400 --> 1:34:43.800 an insane run. Humans will never approach what they accomplished, 1:34:44.520 --> 1:34:48.240 and we'll never approach what Neandertalk accomplished now. And people 1:34:48.280 --> 1:34:50.920 think about the asteroid like it doesn't give them credit, 1:34:51.040 --> 1:34:52.559 like they just died in one day and they just 1:34:52.600 --> 1:34:54.800 like blinked out. But they had been around forever. That's 1:34:54.840 --> 1:34:58.960 interesting that we're as separate, we're as separated from were closer. 1:34:59.479 --> 1:35:01.640 We're clo sort of t Rex is t Rex was 1:35:01.720 --> 1:35:04.360 to the stegosaurs. I got those two lumped together like 1:35:04.400 --> 1:35:07.439 they had lunch together. Yeah, And that's why I think 1:35:07.840 --> 1:35:10.120 like people would really appreciate they would have like a 1:35:10.160 --> 1:35:13.720 sixth grade level of appreciation if they realize that that 1:35:13.760 --> 1:35:18.479 they had quite a run. Yeah, so you know their 1:35:18.520 --> 1:35:22.280 success is pretty interesting. You had said, how you you 1:35:22.280 --> 1:35:25.280 don't particularly care about how they died off? Um, And 1:35:25.320 --> 1:35:27.920 I imagine that there's some differences in paleontology when it 1:35:27.920 --> 1:35:31.080 comes to like different cultures or different countries. And I 1:35:31.120 --> 1:35:34.639 remember recently that like it was a big deal when 1:35:34.720 --> 1:35:37.240 Canada and I think China agreed to let each other 1:35:37.320 --> 1:35:39.960 look at what fossils they had or something like that. 1:35:40.240 --> 1:35:43.160 So how how is that like different between like I 1:35:43.240 --> 1:35:45.559 assume what Japan cares about in Canada cares about, or 1:35:45.560 --> 1:35:48.680 what Australia cares about and France cares about you mean 1:35:48.760 --> 1:35:53.120 paleonto logically with dinosaurs. Yes, you know, it's it really, 1:35:53.280 --> 1:35:57.639 it's not my country. Really, it's my researcher. I mean, 1:35:57.960 --> 1:36:01.400 you know, I I studied dinosaur behavior. You're in dinosaur growth, 1:36:02.479 --> 1:36:06.800 and my colleague and in Canada studies. You know, he 1:36:06.920 --> 1:36:11.080 likes to find new species, and you know, other people 1:36:11.120 --> 1:36:15.240 like other things. So you know, there's not not really 1:36:15.280 --> 1:36:19.160 any competition between us because there's lots of stuff I 1:36:19.200 --> 1:36:21.800 can't have to apologists. On the other hand, you know, 1:36:22.640 --> 1:36:27.080 where there's just a few human fossils, they they tend 1:36:27.120 --> 1:36:29.240 to duke it out there. They really duke it out 1:36:29.240 --> 1:36:36.879 because there's more researchers than there are fossils. I imagine, 1:36:36.880 --> 1:36:40.960 though you had to really burn some some folks as 1:36:41.000 --> 1:36:46.719 conclusions when you determined that new species is in fact 1:36:46.760 --> 1:36:50.160 not a new species but a juvenile of a known species. 1:36:50.320 --> 1:36:53.200 You know, there's a few people that were irritated by that, 1:36:53.479 --> 1:37:00.639 I imagine, especially because talk to that a little bit. 1:37:01.200 --> 1:37:04.280 Well just you know, it goes back to the paper 1:37:04.360 --> 1:37:08.320 that was published in you know this this guy named 1:37:08.320 --> 1:37:11.960 Peter Dotson had had published this, and then people after 1:37:12.040 --> 1:37:16.519 that sort of forgot about it and forgot that, you know, 1:37:17.080 --> 1:37:19.120 sort of put that in the back of their mind, 1:37:19.200 --> 1:37:23.479 that that dinosaurs changed the way they looked through through 1:37:23.520 --> 1:37:28.040 their growth, just like mammals do. I mean, baby dinosaurs 1:37:28.040 --> 1:37:32.280 were probably really cute, you know, and and it's kind 1:37:32.280 --> 1:37:36.559 of that, you know, it's a releasing mechanism, just like 1:37:36.600 --> 1:37:38.960 with us. We we will care for our kids as 1:37:38.960 --> 1:37:42.280 long as they're adorable looking. Right as soon as they 1:37:42.320 --> 1:37:45.200 reach eighteen, out the door, they go all right, they 1:37:45.200 --> 1:37:49.320 have to go get a job. But dinosaurs sort of 1:37:49.360 --> 1:37:52.960 do the same thing. So they retain their juvenile characteristics 1:37:53.040 --> 1:37:57.639 and then and then go through this pretty rapid change 1:37:58.560 --> 1:38:05.120 and take on their characteristics. And so again hardly anyone 1:38:05.400 --> 1:38:08.839 wrote about that, and so it was it was fodder 1:38:08.920 --> 1:38:13.640 for the dyslexic guy to uh, you know, bring that 1:38:13.800 --> 1:38:18.920 up again and start sinking all these species that you know, 1:38:19.120 --> 1:38:23.360 people had named without thinking about whether they were juveniles 1:38:23.400 --> 1:38:26.639 or not. Be like analogous to if you in some 1:38:27.160 --> 1:38:30.840 future where there's no humans and someone went and excavated 1:38:31.520 --> 1:38:34.840 a household, and like, there's three kinds of people. There's 1:38:34.880 --> 1:38:39.240 three species. Ye, these little teacy ones and a medium 1:38:39.280 --> 1:38:42.920 one and a big one. Because their face looks different, right, 1:38:43.680 --> 1:38:48.080 very different. Those those people that name those dinosaurs. Are 1:38:48.120 --> 1:38:50.880 they they look at what you found and they're like bullshit? 1:38:51.360 --> 1:38:54.920 Or are they like yeah, he's right. Uh, they're they're 1:38:54.960 --> 1:38:58.960 a little of both. So there's some some buy into it, 1:38:59.040 --> 1:39:05.120 some don't. How many dinosaurs are at a certain time, 1:39:05.200 --> 1:39:08.160 How many dinosaurs were there as kind of the main groups, 1:39:08.240 --> 1:39:11.960 and then after more of your work and publishing, how 1:39:11.960 --> 1:39:17.679 many went away? Um, well that's yeah, it's it's hard 1:39:17.720 --> 1:39:21.599 to say. The Health Creek formation, which is the basically 1:39:21.640 --> 1:39:24.200 where t Rex comes from, and Trice Sarrah Toops in 1:39:24.240 --> 1:39:28.920 eastern Montana. There were twelve major dinosaurs. I mean there 1:39:28.960 --> 1:39:32.720 were more than that, but twelve that we find quite 1:39:32.760 --> 1:39:38.360 a bit, and I think I took away four of them, 1:39:38.720 --> 1:39:43.080 five of them, you know, So I don't know, but 1:39:43.200 --> 1:39:46.360 you know we're still arguing about some of those. Jack 1:39:46.400 --> 1:39:53.640 the Ripper would be, you know, a college class. I 1:39:53.720 --> 1:39:55.920 tell you he's an anthropology class. The first day, the 1:39:55.920 --> 1:39:57.600 professor was like, now when I tell you all the 1:39:57.640 --> 1:39:59.920 things that you think you know about what we do 1:40:00.120 --> 1:40:03.320 but aren't true, Like we're not all Indiana Jones and 1:40:03.640 --> 1:40:06.040 we're not all looking at dinosaurs stuff. And he had 1:40:06.080 --> 1:40:09.120 said something that stuck with me. He was like, you 1:40:09.160 --> 1:40:12.040 don't go out looking for Noah's Ark and then find 1:40:12.080 --> 1:40:13.840 Noah's ark. You got looking for Noah's Ark and then 1:40:13.840 --> 1:40:17.480 you find the Holy Grail or like, uh, whoever discovers 1:40:17.479 --> 1:40:20.000 Bigfoot someday, if if he's real, it's not gonna be 1:40:20.000 --> 1:40:22.519 a guy on animal planet looking for Bigfoot. It's gonna 1:40:22.520 --> 1:40:25.439 be like some rancher in Texas that found one stuck 1:40:25.479 --> 1:40:27.200 in his fence because he's looking for he's looking for 1:40:27.200 --> 1:40:30.080 a lost cow. So what's what's an example like in 1:40:30.120 --> 1:40:32.640 your field of work where people are looking for A, 1:40:32.880 --> 1:40:36.080 but they found B and B was really cool. Yeah. No, 1:40:36.200 --> 1:40:39.799 we don't. We paleontolo just don't really go out looking 1:40:39.880 --> 1:40:43.639 for anything. We we just hope that that our mind 1:40:43.760 --> 1:40:46.960 is open enough then that we're observing enough to find 1:40:47.080 --> 1:40:51.880 anything cool or anything new. I mean, you just you can't. 1:40:52.520 --> 1:40:59.479 There's fossils are so rare, I mean, you know, interesting 1:40:59.520 --> 1:41:02.560 fossils that are that are going to give us information, 1:41:02.680 --> 1:41:06.879 new information are so rare that you just can't expect 1:41:06.920 --> 1:41:09.040 to go out and find whatever you want. I mean, 1:41:09.080 --> 1:41:13.920 I I I put together this thing called the Health 1:41:14.000 --> 1:41:18.920 Creek Project back in I guess, and it was the 1:41:19.040 --> 1:41:25.360 largest paleontological expedition in history worldwide. I mean we had 1:41:25.400 --> 1:41:29.000 a hundred people, we had we had all these donors 1:41:29.439 --> 1:41:34.720 um um putting money into it. And the idea was, 1:41:34.920 --> 1:41:37.920 you know, we were we were trying to figure out 1:41:39.160 --> 1:41:42.120 how much information we could actually get from one of 1:41:42.160 --> 1:41:46.559 these ecosystems. And the Health Creek formation has produced so 1:41:46.640 --> 1:41:50.040 much stuff for so long. But you know, people had 1:41:50.400 --> 1:41:55.559 thirty triceratops skulls and they were trying to sort out 1:41:55.720 --> 1:42:00.400 you know, dinosaur Triceratops growth, for example. But in all 1:42:00.439 --> 1:42:03.120 of the Triceratops skulls that have been found, none of 1:42:03.120 --> 1:42:07.840 them were juveniles. All right. Museums had gone out and 1:42:09.840 --> 1:42:13.479 selectively collected the biggest ones because every museum wanted a 1:42:13.520 --> 1:42:16.800 big thing in their museum, and so in the end 1:42:16.840 --> 1:42:19.400 they ended up with none, none of the little ones. 1:42:19.520 --> 1:42:24.000 And so our project really was to collect everything. And 1:42:24.080 --> 1:42:27.839 we went out and collected just enormous collections of stuff. 1:42:28.120 --> 1:42:31.400 I was hoping we would find a bunch of duckbill 1:42:31.439 --> 1:42:34.320 dinosaurs because that was what I was interested in studying, 1:42:34.960 --> 1:42:39.320 and and we hardly found any, but we found a 1:42:39.400 --> 1:42:42.760 bunch of those damp t rexes. And and so now 1:42:42.800 --> 1:42:45.080 the Museum of the Rockies has the largest t rex 1:42:45.120 --> 1:42:48.760 collection in the world. Right, So I ended up studying 1:42:48.800 --> 1:42:52.320 t rex, which was not my favorite, but it's what 1:42:52.400 --> 1:42:55.960 we found, you know, And that's that's basically how the 1:42:56.040 --> 1:42:59.720 science works. You just you know, I went out to 1:42:59.720 --> 1:43:03.439 find up bills and found t rexs and triceratops. We 1:43:03.520 --> 1:43:08.320 found a hundred specimens of t of triceratops. So we 1:43:08.479 --> 1:43:14.639 learned an awful lot about triceratopsatos that preserve well well 1:43:14.720 --> 1:43:20.200 it yeah, so well, it looks like they're skulls preserved 1:43:20.200 --> 1:43:23.479 pretty well, because almost all the specimens we have are 1:43:23.600 --> 1:43:27.639 just skulls and very few skeletons. But we realized when 1:43:27.680 --> 1:43:31.839 we were actually excavating them that, you know, the skull 1:43:31.920 --> 1:43:36.720 is gigantic and and it's easy to find and and 1:43:36.840 --> 1:43:41.160 the leg bones could be scattered around by water, right, 1:43:42.080 --> 1:43:47.200 And so we realized late in this project that if 1:43:47.240 --> 1:43:51.160 we made our excavation a lot bigger, we probably would 1:43:51.200 --> 1:43:57.240 have found the skeletons of these things. But we pretty 1:43:57.320 --> 1:43:59.240 much after we dug up the skull, we were like, 1:43:59.560 --> 1:44:04.880 let's go find another one. I can understand that. How 1:44:04.880 --> 1:44:07.120 do you find them? You just find pieces sticking out 1:44:07.160 --> 1:44:12.599 of the ground. Most of eastern Montana is the Right 1:44:12.640 --> 1:44:15.519 Age rock, So you just have to find a place 1:44:15.520 --> 1:44:18.680 where rivers have cut through. So wherever the Missouri River 1:44:18.800 --> 1:44:23.519 is cut through, there's brakes, and those brakes are you know, 1:44:23.600 --> 1:44:27.280 form bad lands, and so those are good places because 1:44:27.320 --> 1:44:29.519 the rock is exposed there. But if you're up on 1:44:29.600 --> 1:44:31.600 top of the hills, that's the Right Age rock is 1:44:31.600 --> 1:44:34.799 still there. It's just covered with soil and usually somebody's 1:44:34.840 --> 1:44:37.280 wheat field and they don't like you digging in those. 1:44:37.439 --> 1:44:39.760 Is there like one thing that you can like, is 1:44:39.760 --> 1:44:42.280 there is there's like one certain thing you're like that 1:44:42.400 --> 1:44:46.200 is a dinosaur bone? Because of this thing, like I 1:44:46.200 --> 1:44:48.080 I spent a lot of time out in like the 1:44:48.080 --> 1:44:51.400 brakes hell break formation, and I'm like looking at stuff 1:44:51.560 --> 1:44:54.559 all day long and I have no clue what it is. Like, 1:44:54.720 --> 1:44:57.839 is there one thing that's like they look like bones? 1:44:58.560 --> 1:45:04.880 They do? Yeah, if you find one I found, I'll 1:45:04.920 --> 1:45:07.000 bet you have found. I'll bet you found a lot 1:45:07.040 --> 1:45:09.559 of them. Yeah, I found stuff looks like I'm like, 1:45:09.680 --> 1:45:12.280 that looks like a piece about just a big bone, 1:45:12.360 --> 1:45:16.160 but I don't know it. Well, they're they're both actually 1:45:16.880 --> 1:45:24.920 can you explain bracuolitescul vaculites. They're full of them there 1:45:25.240 --> 1:45:31.400 everywhere out there there they are, uh, an animal related 1:45:31.439 --> 1:45:36.960 to squid and octopus. So it's a mollusk and and 1:45:37.160 --> 1:45:41.760 what you're what you're finding is the shell. So have 1:45:41.800 --> 1:45:45.519 you ever seen a nautilus? The shell nautilus? That's that's 1:45:45.640 --> 1:45:49.000 what they're closely related to, Like a cone, ice cream 1:45:49.000 --> 1:45:50.880 cone on the back and a squid coming out the 1:45:50.880 --> 1:45:56.160 front right exactly, And so you're finding the shell and 1:45:56.160 --> 1:46:01.280 and they were prolific in the in the Intercontinental Seaway 1:46:02.000 --> 1:46:08.840 that that is now Black Shale in Montana. Uh. My 1:46:08.920 --> 1:46:12.000 sister in law's father has one of those. He picked 1:46:12.080 --> 1:46:16.320 up decades ago. I was sitting on a shelf and 1:46:16.360 --> 1:46:18.240 I was like, the hell's that? And he's like, you know, 1:46:18.280 --> 1:46:21.920 I've never been able to find out Yeah, of it. 1:46:22.000 --> 1:46:26.400 Put it on Instagram. Uh. He like works horses and stuff. 1:46:26.400 --> 1:46:29.880 He doesn't pay much attention to uh, a lot of 1:46:30.000 --> 1:46:31.880 phones and whatnot. But I put it on Instagram and 1:46:31.920 --> 1:46:34.439 like thirty seconds later, I was like, that's a what's 1:46:34.439 --> 1:46:38.679 the word? Back? Then I went to I typed into 1:46:38.680 --> 1:46:42.960 Google back of Light and hit like images and there's 1:46:42.960 --> 1:46:46.040 like shiploads of these things he has. The next day 1:46:46.040 --> 1:46:52.160 he calls me, he's like, what was that was that? Google? 1:46:54.760 --> 1:46:59.960 Because he was with the show. Well, a lot of 1:47:00.040 --> 1:47:02.360 people call me and when I was working at the 1:47:02.439 --> 1:47:05.880 museum and say I found a rattlesnake, fossil rattlesnake, and 1:47:05.960 --> 1:47:12.280 that's usually what they were marbaculites. Uh. My kids recently 1:47:13.439 --> 1:47:17.439 found it was got staggering. Actually, they recently found a 1:47:17.600 --> 1:47:24.240 giant fossilized clam bed where I can show you, well, 1:47:24.240 --> 1:47:26.960 I mean in the in the in this state, in 1:47:27.000 --> 1:47:31.040 this state of the state, there are probably a lot 1:47:31.040 --> 1:47:33.800 of those. When were the like I found those before 1:47:34.120 --> 1:47:39.960 me full yeah, like like like a layers stick broad 1:47:40.120 --> 1:47:42.960 clam bed. All right, Well, if you tell me the area, 1:47:43.040 --> 1:47:46.000 I can tell you what formation they're in and and 1:47:46.560 --> 1:47:50.720 how old they are. I'll show you exactly later. But 1:47:50.760 --> 1:47:53.400 we're off, we're off to something when we ran into. 1:47:53.479 --> 1:47:56.479 Just just give me a general life I found. Give 1:47:56.520 --> 1:47:58.599 me the county. I found him along the Missouri River. 1:47:58.960 --> 1:48:04.080 You go, yeah, well in the brakes, right, So that's 1:48:04.080 --> 1:48:11.160 that that is most likely that same same shell shelle 1:48:11.280 --> 1:48:14.080 that the that the baculates come out of. And we're 1:48:14.120 --> 1:48:16.400 those clams walking around or like doing whatever they do 1:48:16.439 --> 1:48:21.000 where they like siphoning at the time of dinosaurs. Really 1:48:22.240 --> 1:48:23.920 and some of them are big, I mean there are 1:48:24.880 --> 1:48:27.840 there are. It's there's a clam called I know seramus 1:48:27.920 --> 1:48:30.360 that you know it's like the size of that wall 1:48:31.200 --> 1:48:35.160 a clam. Yeah. Way back when Steve and I were 1:48:35.200 --> 1:48:38.800 taking a couple of l a comedians out on a 1:48:38.880 --> 1:48:43.920 mule there counting Missouri brakes, and I stopped and uh 1:48:44.320 --> 1:48:48.600 bent over and picked up a fossilized clam, showed it 1:48:48.640 --> 1:48:53.440 to counter. I said, hey, check that out. He said yeah. 1:48:53.600 --> 1:48:57.800 So I said, well, it's a fossilized clam. It's a 1:48:57.840 --> 1:49:02.719 fossil and he said yeah. So I put it back 1:49:02.760 --> 1:49:10.759 down and kept walking. How if you look at kids books, 1:49:11.439 --> 1:49:14.080 kids books about dinosaurs, of which we have more than 1:49:14.120 --> 1:49:19.280 a few, um, the dinosaur, the more recent the book is, 1:49:19.520 --> 1:49:23.240 the more colorful the dinosaurs are, and the old books. 1:49:23.280 --> 1:49:25.960 When I was a boy, they were all green, army green. 1:49:26.160 --> 1:49:29.840 All your dinosaurs were army green. Now they're like, holy 1:49:29.840 --> 1:49:33.840 sh it, they look like parrots. Wow, where's that coming from? Well, 1:49:33.880 --> 1:49:38.040 I help, A lot of it's coming from me. Okay, well, 1:49:38.120 --> 1:49:44.320 like what because the fossils aren't read no, so, so 1:49:44.439 --> 1:49:47.679 like I'm saying, how like, how do we deter walk 1:49:47.760 --> 1:49:50.320 me through the idea that they were brilliantly colored alright, 1:49:50.400 --> 1:49:54.200 and not army green? Okay, well, battleship gray, which is 1:49:54.200 --> 1:49:57.599 what you have to admit they used to be. And 1:49:57.640 --> 1:50:00.719 they are in Jurassic Park. Oh, their battleship gray. They're 1:50:00.760 --> 1:50:05.800 you know, they're not very colorful and Jurassic Park. And 1:50:05.880 --> 1:50:08.320 I pointed that out to Stephen, and he says, well, 1:50:08.320 --> 1:50:12.519 he said technicolor dinosaurs aren't scary enough. He thought they'd 1:50:12.520 --> 1:50:17.679 be more scary and battleship gray. Dude, If if something 1:50:17.720 --> 1:50:24.400 to me, if if something the color of a thirty 1:50:24.400 --> 1:50:26.479 ft long or whatever ran up to me, I don't 1:50:26.520 --> 1:50:33.360 that that's plenty. Yeah. Well, so the idea is that 1:50:34.760 --> 1:50:37.760 we know now that dinosaurs were feathered, at least the 1:50:37.840 --> 1:50:41.519 mediating dinosaurs were feathered. We actually have the impression of 1:50:41.560 --> 1:50:45.720 the feathers. We find the impression of feathers on dinosaurs, 1:50:45.880 --> 1:50:49.000 meat eating dinosaurs. We don't know about t rex yet, 1:50:49.520 --> 1:50:54.479 but but some of the bigger dinosaurs, some of the 1:50:54.600 --> 1:51:03.600 bigger meeting dinosaurs were completely feathered and kick and and 1:51:04.320 --> 1:51:07.280 you know, they gave rise to birds, and birds got 1:51:07.320 --> 1:51:12.320 their vivid coloration from their ancestors, and dinosaurs are their ancestors. 1:51:12.960 --> 1:51:16.040 So that's the that's the sort of the logic there. 1:51:16.400 --> 1:51:20.840 The birds are bright, birds have eridescence. I'll have to 1:51:20.840 --> 1:51:22.880 show you my n f T S. Did you look 1:51:22.960 --> 1:51:26.960 up my n F T S? Did? I thought there 1:51:27.160 --> 1:51:31.320 was I want to say France, which shouldn't be a 1:51:31.360 --> 1:51:33.840 catch all, but maybe it is for fossils. But I 1:51:33.880 --> 1:51:36.160 want to say that they were able to like isolate 1:51:36.200 --> 1:51:39.600 a pigment in fossil and they determined it to be 1:51:41.040 --> 1:51:45.200 or purple. We're starting to get the melanosomes out of 1:51:45.280 --> 1:51:49.960 dinosaur feathers and we are determining some of the colors 1:51:49.960 --> 1:51:56.080 and they are vivid because there are eridescence. Yeah, there 1:51:56.120 --> 1:52:02.120 are feather fossils. Correct, but it's an in print or yeah, 1:52:02.160 --> 1:52:06.160 that's their imprints of the feathers, right, But you can 1:52:06.320 --> 1:52:08.960 I mean it's just like just like your image. I mean, 1:52:09.000 --> 1:52:11.719 they're you know, the feathers are feathers. I mean there 1:52:13.000 --> 1:52:14.960 you can tell. You can look at the veins, you 1:52:15.000 --> 1:52:16.920 can look at all sorts of things, and you can 1:52:16.960 --> 1:52:19.439 find the melano sums in them. Hold off, I want 1:52:19.439 --> 1:52:21.040 to look at the n f T bat I got. 1:52:21.040 --> 1:52:23.280 Then we'll get into the n f T situation. I 1:52:23.320 --> 1:52:24.840 want to see what you think they looked like. But 1:52:24.880 --> 1:52:26.479 I first, I got I got a time machine question. 1:52:27.479 --> 1:52:29.120 No one's ever hit you with the time machine question. 1:52:31.080 --> 1:52:34.640 You get one time machine token. Okay, okay, all right. 1:52:34.960 --> 1:52:37.000 It's like for an hour long you get an hour 1:52:37.080 --> 1:52:41.120 long day long visit where are you setting years for? 1:52:41.760 --> 1:52:44.920 You get to spend one day like, give me location 1:52:45.040 --> 1:52:55.519 in like time and and why that? Mm hmm. Well, two, 1:52:59.600 --> 1:53:03.680 you want to to see me being born? It was 1:53:03.720 --> 1:53:09.040 a it was a it was a I had a girlfriend. Then, okay, 1:53:09.720 --> 1:53:18.680 in your professionalsional professionally, in a professional capacity, you know, 1:53:19.600 --> 1:53:22.800 I've I've thought about this a lot. First off, you know, 1:53:23.680 --> 1:53:27.040 there's a huge problem with time machines. I won't go 1:53:27.160 --> 1:53:31.160 into that. You know, it's it's a terrible thing. You 1:53:31.560 --> 1:53:33.880 you know, time machines pretty much have to orbit the 1:53:33.960 --> 1:53:37.960 earth otherwise you're in trouble when you go back in time. 1:53:38.080 --> 1:53:43.439 But that aside with you that aside um. You know, 1:53:44.080 --> 1:53:47.640 I just have this terrible feeling that you know, basically 1:53:47.720 --> 1:53:51.439 anytime you pick to go back, you know something's gonna 1:53:51.479 --> 1:53:53.519 eat you just as soon as you open the door, 1:53:54.040 --> 1:54:00.640 right and so so, you know, have of all the 1:54:00.760 --> 1:54:04.640 things i'd like to see, I guess my saur I 1:54:04.680 --> 1:54:07.800 would like to see. You know, the first dinosaur I named, 1:54:08.800 --> 1:54:10.960 and I don't I don't know what that one. What's 1:54:11.000 --> 1:54:14.240 his gonnosaura? It's a duck bill dinosaur. You don't want 1:54:14.240 --> 1:54:16.400 to go back in time and see a duck bill dinosaur. Ye, 1:54:16.800 --> 1:54:21.000 that's because because then you know it's first off, it's 1:54:21.000 --> 1:54:23.960 a friendly dinosaur, right, I mean, it's not gonna eat me, 1:54:25.040 --> 1:54:26.640 and so you know, I might be able to do 1:54:26.800 --> 1:54:29.919 some some pretty cool research with it and actually determined 1:54:29.960 --> 1:54:34.360 what it's blood temperature is and and and and look 1:54:34.440 --> 1:54:38.720 at its behavior and get something about its growth. You know, 1:54:39.840 --> 1:54:42.120 you go back with the little meat eaters and they're 1:54:42.160 --> 1:54:45.680 just gonna eat you, and you know that you're not 1:54:45.720 --> 1:54:48.640 gonna tell your story. So that would you go back 1:54:48.680 --> 1:54:52.160 to that showdow area, yep? Would you bring knee high 1:54:52.240 --> 1:54:56.440 boots or not necessary? Nope, things canna be high and dry. 1:54:58.600 --> 1:55:03.640 What would the temperature be, Well, it was probably you know, 1:55:06.240 --> 1:55:09.560 depends on whether it's winter or summer. Right, there's like 1:55:09.680 --> 1:55:15.480 defined seasons back then, especially at that at that you 1:55:15.560 --> 1:55:20.040 know that that latitude, I mean it's a relatively high latitude. 1:55:20.080 --> 1:55:22.360 Even then, give me the hottest day of the year, 1:55:23.960 --> 1:55:28.040 probably not as hot as it is now. It would 1:55:28.080 --> 1:55:30.760 have the temperatures would have been you know, the lower 1:55:30.840 --> 1:55:33.600 temperatures would have been higher and the higher temperatures would 1:55:33.600 --> 1:55:37.720 have been lower. So it has been but probably you know, 1:55:38.200 --> 1:55:42.400 still in the seventies, eighties, but not in the hundreds. 1:55:42.680 --> 1:55:47.040 I just envisioned everything being hot and steak. Well, it 1:55:47.120 --> 1:55:50.440 would be sticky for sure because of the inland seaway. 1:55:52.160 --> 1:55:54.680 So all of that, you know, all the moisture that 1:55:54.760 --> 1:55:56.800 builds up in the Gulf of Mexico, it was pumped 1:55:56.880 --> 1:55:59.720 really north all the way into the Arctic. So we 1:55:59.800 --> 1:56:04.760 get alliators and crocodiles living in Alberta. M hmm. We're 1:56:04.800 --> 1:56:07.320 dinosaurs have an offspring in the spring of the year. 1:56:07.680 --> 1:56:12.160 We don't know, but that's most likely. I mean that's 1:56:13.600 --> 1:56:16.120 when most animals do, so they would have there would 1:56:16.120 --> 1:56:19.440 have been like a hatching season or breeding season, you 1:56:19.520 --> 1:56:21.360 know how you might know the term for This is 1:56:21.400 --> 1:56:23.040 my last question before we talk about the n f 1:56:23.160 --> 1:56:26.360 your your n f T s. Uh, my last question 1:56:26.400 --> 1:56:28.600 for the n f T S. What is the term 1:56:28.640 --> 1:56:30.760 for when we have the two different there's two different 1:56:30.960 --> 1:56:36.200 strategies parenting strategies for animals. One that their letters and 1:56:36.200 --> 1:56:39.600 I can't remember the letters, but one would be like exempt, 1:56:39.720 --> 1:56:48.520 best exemplified by an elephant who uh has their offspring 1:56:48.560 --> 1:56:52.680 are greatly spaced apart. They put enormous resources into their offspring. 1:56:53.920 --> 1:56:57.920 Um is it p N Y or something like that. Kay. 1:56:58.440 --> 1:57:01.520 And then the other extreme would be might be exemplified 1:57:01.600 --> 1:57:06.440 by uh, let's let's say a cottontail rabbit where high fecundity, 1:57:07.200 --> 1:57:13.000 big litters off in very little investment into the young UM. 1:57:13.240 --> 1:57:16.880 And these are like two strategies. Do you do you 1:57:16.960 --> 1:57:21.400 feel that with with dinosaurs, Like, is it likely that 1:57:21.480 --> 1:57:24.160 there were dinosaurs that would spend years with their mother 1:57:26.120 --> 1:57:29.160 and there was like a like a family group that 1:57:29.360 --> 1:57:33.280 hung out. Probably, you know, they probably did. UM. We 1:57:33.760 --> 1:57:38.600 find them preserved in groups, and they probably are family groups, 1:57:39.880 --> 1:57:44.120 so they you know, they raised their babies and nests right, 1:57:44.480 --> 1:57:47.760 so they're they're putting a lot of effort into that. 1:57:47.920 --> 1:57:50.600 And when we find out like a herd that has 1:57:50.760 --> 1:57:56.160 died catastrophically, we find you know, young ones, not not babies, 1:57:56.280 --> 1:58:02.040 but you know, young young like yearlings together with um 1:58:03.000 --> 1:58:08.000 older adults suggest like families where they're staying pretty much together. Here, 1:58:08.280 --> 1:58:10.640 take a wild ass guess at what like the biggest 1:58:10.720 --> 1:58:16.400 herded dinosaurs might have been. Well, here in Montana we 1:58:16.520 --> 1:58:21.280 have we have the largest that's been recorded so far. 1:58:21.440 --> 1:58:26.320 It is it is a catastrophic event that is related 1:58:26.360 --> 1:58:31.920 to a volcano h and and we have at least 1:58:34.000 --> 1:58:42.080 a hundred and twenty five thousand carcasses. Yeah, that is wild. 1:58:42.240 --> 1:58:44.200 I wouldn't think there's that many carcasses in the whole 1:58:44.280 --> 1:58:47.120 world ever have been found to dinosaurs. We haven't. We 1:58:47.240 --> 1:58:51.320 haven't found them all we've we've we've sampled over this 1:58:51.560 --> 1:58:55.120 huge area and we get thirty bones per square meter 1:58:55.640 --> 1:59:01.960 and that's from one volcano, from one event. Yeah, it 1:59:02.000 --> 1:59:03.680 could have been like you were like looking at a 1:59:03.760 --> 1:59:05.680 her to care where you could have seen like dinosaurs 1:59:05.720 --> 1:59:09.200 and numbers like that. Yep, man blows the mind. Man, 1:59:10.000 --> 1:59:13.440 How how have things changed for paleontologies when it wasn't 1:59:13.560 --> 1:59:17.720 within like the last decade where Montana declared that dinosaur 1:59:17.840 --> 1:59:22.600 fossils are minerals, which changed some things, but they that 1:59:22.880 --> 1:59:25.520 they didn't do that. They didn't do that. So how 1:59:25.640 --> 1:59:27.920 how we're talking about doing that? And how would have 1:59:28.000 --> 1:59:31.400 that changed things if that happened, Well, that's hard to say. 1:59:32.840 --> 1:59:34.840 It would have had implications for picking them up right, 1:59:35.840 --> 1:59:38.360 and who owns the rights to him? That That was 1:59:38.480 --> 1:59:42.000 what the argument was. Does something does the person with 1:59:42.240 --> 1:59:44.920 mineral rights own them or does the person with surface 1:59:45.040 --> 1:59:48.240 rights on them? And and it they maintained it with 1:59:48.400 --> 1:59:54.080 surface rights. Yeah, I don't it's hard to imagine what 1:59:54.200 --> 1:59:57.080 it would have been like if they hadn't changed that rule. 1:59:59.800 --> 2:00:02.000 I guess all the oil companies would all own all 2:00:02.040 --> 2:00:05.879 the dinosaurs. Oh, was that kind of like a financial 2:00:05.920 --> 2:00:09.520 play when people were it was? We had it was 2:00:09.640 --> 2:00:13.320 a dinosaur specimen that was found in eastern Montana on 2:00:13.400 --> 2:00:18.720 a ranch, and one of the relatives owned the land, 2:00:18.880 --> 2:00:24.760 the surface rights, and another relative owned the mineral rights, 2:00:25.120 --> 2:00:27.320 and the dinosaur was up for sale, and they knew 2:00:27.320 --> 2:00:29.800 they were going to get somewhere around ten million dollars 2:00:29.880 --> 2:00:33.200 for it. So was that the Dueling dinosaurs? Yes, so 2:00:33.320 --> 2:00:36.520 what's the status of the Dueling dinosaurs? It was it 2:00:36.800 --> 2:00:41.760 was bought by North Carolina State University's museum or some 2:00:42.040 --> 2:00:45.400 a donor for that museum. So it is now in 2:00:45.560 --> 2:00:50.160 North Carolina. Have you seen him? I haven't. No, um 2:00:51.520 --> 2:01:02.160 I commercially collected dinosaur remains are are well. I don't 2:01:02.200 --> 2:01:03.880 really want to go into all this, but well you 2:01:03.920 --> 2:01:09.520 could take off DiCaprio. But you know, the thing is 2:01:09.640 --> 2:01:13.480 is that when when we go to get a fossil, 2:01:13.560 --> 2:01:15.720 we don't go to get just a fossil. We go 2:01:15.800 --> 2:01:18.040 to get data. We you know, we're trying to learn 2:01:18.160 --> 2:01:21.880 something and so so a specimen is for us is 2:01:22.560 --> 2:01:24.680 we learn a lot while it's still in the ground, 2:01:25.120 --> 2:01:28.480 and so we we don't dig them up very fast. 2:01:28.560 --> 2:01:31.840 We dig them up relatively slow trying to get all 2:01:31.920 --> 2:01:35.880 this information. And people that are actually buying, you know, 2:01:36.120 --> 2:01:39.360 that are selling fossils, are trying to get them, you know, 2:01:40.080 --> 2:01:42.120 out of the ground as quick as they can with 2:01:42.200 --> 2:01:46.240 the least amount of overhead, right So, so so that 2:01:46.480 --> 2:01:49.560 data that we're interested in is basically overhead for them, 2:01:50.000 --> 2:01:53.080 and so and so they don't always keep all that 2:01:53.280 --> 2:01:57.040 information or even take all that information that we need, 2:01:57.760 --> 2:02:02.560 and so and so a out of those specimens just 2:02:02.840 --> 2:02:05.800 end up as pretty things in some museums that just 2:02:05.920 --> 2:02:09.680 show pretty things that don't that aren't into research. And 2:02:09.800 --> 2:02:13.400 it's not always clear. I mean, you know, there's varying 2:02:13.560 --> 2:02:20.360 degrees of of of commercial collectors, right some some maybe 2:02:20.960 --> 2:02:25.200 you know, more apt to collect data, and some maybe 2:02:25.680 --> 2:02:29.960 you know, wandering onto BLM. So I mean you just 2:02:30.080 --> 2:02:32.640 never know. You never know where they're getting their stuff, 2:02:33.480 --> 2:02:36.520 and they don't like to share that information with others 2:02:36.560 --> 2:02:39.960 because they don't want their competition. In some of those areas, 2:02:40.920 --> 2:02:46.320 we never know whether whether the information they are sharing 2:02:46.520 --> 2:02:52.440 is actually accurate and so so it's controversial. So when 2:02:52.480 --> 2:02:55.720 the dueling dinosaurs were first found, nobody was saying where 2:02:55.760 --> 2:02:57.960 it was from, and so people were asking me, well, 2:02:58.400 --> 2:03:00.120 they showed me a picture and they say, you know, 2:03:00.280 --> 2:03:02.400 how important is this? And I would say, it's not 2:03:02.680 --> 2:03:06.320 important to science at all because we don't know anything 2:03:06.360 --> 2:03:10.040 about where it came from. And and that of course, 2:03:10.160 --> 2:03:13.000 the landowners are really mad at me for saying things 2:03:13.080 --> 2:03:14.760 like that because they were trying to sell it and 2:03:15.800 --> 2:03:19.200 it caused a big ruckas but you know, it's it 2:03:19.360 --> 2:03:25.720 just until they actually released the information and let scientists 2:03:26.200 --> 2:03:30.000 into the site to to get the data, it was useless. 2:03:30.480 --> 2:03:31.880 And it was that was kind of when I became 2:03:31.920 --> 2:03:34.920 aware of like the politics of gathering stuff like that, 2:03:35.080 --> 2:03:37.600 Like I know what happened with Sue in South Dakota. 2:03:37.720 --> 2:03:40.280 But then when they dueling dinosaurs happen, and uh, you 2:03:40.360 --> 2:03:43.240 were quoted saying like they're they're meaningless, like they're not 2:03:43.360 --> 2:03:47.240 special unless we can look at them. That's when became 2:03:47.280 --> 2:03:51.520 more aware of that. In the mineral rights saying why 2:03:51.680 --> 2:03:56.960 why did Mongolia? Why is Mongolia emerged as as sort 2:03:56.960 --> 2:04:01.879 of like the hot spot for the trade in dinosaur skeletons. 2:04:01.920 --> 2:04:03.360 It's just because is it because of a lack of 2:04:04.400 --> 2:04:08.000 oversighters there like a shipload of dinosaur bones there, both, 2:04:09.240 --> 2:04:10.920 you know, I I do a lot of work there 2:04:11.000 --> 2:04:15.160 and and and I have actually Mongolian students that have 2:04:15.360 --> 2:04:18.400 come and been trained at MSU and then gone back 2:04:18.480 --> 2:04:24.080 to work in the museums there. Um. They you know, 2:04:24.280 --> 2:04:27.240 Mongolia has is one of the poorest countries in the world. 2:04:27.360 --> 2:04:30.480 And they have nothing. I mean they don't. They hardly 2:04:30.520 --> 2:04:35.920 have any exports. They export Kashmir and and charcoal briquettes. 2:04:36.000 --> 2:04:39.560 I mean, you know, they hardly have anything, and and 2:04:40.160 --> 2:04:44.640 and so their treasures are their fossils and and their 2:04:44.840 --> 2:04:51.440 historical um stuff and so but they don't have enough people. 2:04:51.520 --> 2:04:53.600 I mean, you know, it's a it's a it's a 2:04:53.640 --> 2:04:56.400 country with three million people that's a third the size 2:04:56.480 --> 2:04:58.960 of the United States. I mean, it's a huge area 2:04:59.800 --> 2:05:02.560 and hardly anybody lives there in the end. And so 2:05:02.760 --> 2:05:06.760 poachers go into Mongolia and steal those fossils, take them 2:05:06.760 --> 2:05:09.400 into China and then ship them to the United States 2:05:09.440 --> 2:05:13.360 and sell them. And then we you know, we started 2:05:13.400 --> 2:05:17.320 realizing and like I said, their national treasures against a 2:05:17.400 --> 2:05:22.120 law to do that, and so we started reporting, you know, 2:05:22.280 --> 2:05:26.960 the fact that we were seeing some of these Mongolian 2:05:27.000 --> 2:05:32.680 treasures in the United States, and so so Homeland Security 2:05:32.720 --> 2:05:36.240 actually stepped in and helped go out and retrieve these 2:05:36.280 --> 2:05:39.880 things from people like Leonardo Old and he had a 2:05:40.000 --> 2:05:43.760 dinosaur get taken away from him. I don't know, I don't, 2:05:43.760 --> 2:05:50.040 I don't think was Yeah, he was just chocking. I mean, 2:05:50.120 --> 2:05:55.200 you can't imagine like that that would make for a 2:05:55.240 --> 2:05:57.520 good heist movie. Instead of gems their money, they were 2:05:57.520 --> 2:06:01.600 stealing like dinosaur or I'm there is one man, so 2:06:01.920 --> 2:06:04.640 you know, so they they I think they've pretty much 2:06:04.640 --> 2:06:08.640 shut that that down now, but you know, there's still 2:06:08.840 --> 2:06:12.480 there's a market, and people like to have dinosaurs on 2:06:12.520 --> 2:06:19.680 their you know, living room or whatever. You wouldn't or 2:06:19.800 --> 2:06:24.120 you don't, I you know, a museum. I put them 2:06:24.120 --> 2:06:27.000 all in the museum my when I was young. My 2:06:27.120 --> 2:06:29.680 mother was always irritated that I was filling up the 2:06:29.720 --> 2:06:33.720 basement with you know, dinosaur bones. Did you have some 2:06:33.760 --> 2:06:36.440 good stuff down here? I had some pretty darn good stuff. 2:06:38.000 --> 2:06:39.920 I had to get rid of them. And you said 2:06:39.960 --> 2:06:42.720 you found your first at age five. I found my 2:06:42.800 --> 2:06:45.040 first fossil at age five. And I found my first 2:06:45.120 --> 2:06:48.680 dinosaur bone at age eight and my first dinosaur skeleton 2:06:48.840 --> 2:06:52.920 when I was thirteen. Huh, what was the first fossil? 2:06:54.440 --> 2:06:59.320 It was it was vaculated. And then what was the 2:06:59.360 --> 2:07:04.760 first dinosaur? It's a piece of duckbill dinosaur. There you go. 2:07:07.360 --> 2:07:09.760 I mean, with all due respect, it's hard to just 2:07:09.960 --> 2:07:11.920 sitting around at How are you get excited about duck 2:07:11.920 --> 2:07:17.280 bill dinosas? Tell them how big they were? Yeah, they're 2:07:17.480 --> 2:07:20.640 they're they're they're pretty cool, and they've got big crests 2:07:20.680 --> 2:07:24.520 on their hands and you know, thirty forty ft long? 2:07:24.600 --> 2:07:29.240 You know, you know that you are? You promote that cartoon? 2:07:30.600 --> 2:07:33.720 Was it Dino Train? What the hell's that? Cartoons? Dinosaur 2:07:33.800 --> 2:07:39.480 Trained Trained? Uh? Did you watch that? My kids? Ye watching? 2:07:39.720 --> 2:07:42.880 Did you see Dr Scott They? Yeah, yeah, he was 2:07:42.920 --> 2:07:44.600 one of my students. Oh, he'd come on in the end, 2:07:44.920 --> 2:07:46.680 kind of shucked the corner on whatever they were talking 2:07:46.720 --> 2:07:51.320 about on the duck Bill episode. Maybe you found this 2:07:51.400 --> 2:07:53.800 out on the duck Bell episode. They got those things 2:07:54.600 --> 2:07:58.880 doing like a hoop. Yes, yeah, like they could hoot 2:07:58.920 --> 2:08:01.680 and call to one another. You're buying that? Well if 2:08:02.000 --> 2:08:05.600 that was your idea, Well, no, I think it's a 2:08:05.800 --> 2:08:09.040 general consensus that they had a large hooting noise that 2:08:09.120 --> 2:08:19.520 could make the dusky grouse of the dinosaur world. What 2:08:19.600 --> 2:08:21.480 would make you appreciate them? Sees if you look at 2:08:21.480 --> 2:08:25.360 the n f T s, I'm thinking, well, some of 2:08:25.440 --> 2:08:28.720 them make noise. The n f T S are on 2:08:28.840 --> 2:08:35.120 open c open explain what bust break it down? I 2:08:35.280 --> 2:08:38.240 I actually, well, I can break down dinosaur. I can't 2:08:38.280 --> 2:08:42.000 break down blockchain. I don't understand it. But you are 2:08:42.200 --> 2:08:48.880 selling a non fungible of what you feel like dinosaurs 2:08:48.880 --> 2:08:51.640 should look like. What they what you feel they looked like? 2:08:51.760 --> 2:08:56.040 All right, and the audience can One of the ways 2:08:56.120 --> 2:08:58.360 to see some of the images of the n f 2:08:58.520 --> 2:09:02.960 T s is on program at Jack Horner's with an 2:09:03.000 --> 2:09:06.800 ass dinosaurs, and there people can look at what you 2:09:06.960 --> 2:09:11.160 think dinosaurs looked like, far scarier than what Spielberg did. 2:09:12.760 --> 2:09:16.720 Well they're prettier anyway. Oh, I just want to Jack 2:09:16.800 --> 2:09:19.520 Horner's dino vision and popped up the Spencer new Heart 2:09:19.600 --> 2:09:28.000 follows it. Okay, so I want to see it. So 2:09:28.320 --> 2:09:30.560 where do I want to go? So Jack Horner's Dinosaurs, 2:09:30.640 --> 2:09:35.320 I go to Instagram Jack Horner's Dinosaurs the real life 2:09:35.400 --> 2:09:39.360 inspiration for Jurassic Parks. There is again the real life 2:09:39.440 --> 2:09:45.600 inspiration for Jurassic Parks lead character Dr Alan Grant. Jack 2:09:45.640 --> 2:09:51.760 Horner is a world renowned vertebra paleontologists and researcher. And 2:09:51.960 --> 2:09:56.440 in here are videos and images of what you think 2:09:56.520 --> 2:10:02.320 these buggers look like? Yep, h are they different? It's differently. 2:10:02.440 --> 2:10:06.080 I thought they look like, who's this guy that's a 2:10:06.120 --> 2:10:08.520 t rex? Oh, he looked like a big old turkey. Yeah, 2:10:08.680 --> 2:10:13.880 he does, big old gobbler. Oh. And then you also 2:10:13.960 --> 2:10:17.920 have with feathery with a feathery base of his neck. Oh. 2:10:18.000 --> 2:10:21.200 You can see some of this at at Jack Corner's Yeah, 2:10:21.320 --> 2:10:25.760 dino vision at Jack Corners Dino Vision. That one's cute. 2:10:26.760 --> 2:10:30.440 Huh man to try, Sarahtops your take on is a 2:10:30.720 --> 2:10:36.000 crazy ass looking dinosaur. Yeah, huh. What do you do 2:10:36.080 --> 2:10:37.280 with the money from the n f t S. You 2:10:37.360 --> 2:10:39.280 gonna like donate it to museums and stuff like that, 2:10:39.440 --> 2:10:41.520 or I have a yah, I have a five oh 2:10:41.600 --> 2:10:46.160 one c three ah educational foundation that goes into and 2:10:46.240 --> 2:10:51.360 then we distributed the money too paleontologists in the field 2:10:51.480 --> 2:10:56.400 and got or science education and talk about how it's 2:10:56.400 --> 2:10:58.880 a little bit controversial that you're doing this. We've covered 2:10:58.920 --> 2:11:04.120 this controversy you have you bet your particular Yeah, just 2:11:04.200 --> 2:11:07.960 like cryptocurrencies and n f t s. Yeah, something I 2:11:08.200 --> 2:11:11.440 I don't really totally understand it, but I understand that. 2:11:11.600 --> 2:11:17.440 You know that that the so called mining of Korean 2:11:17.480 --> 2:11:25.600 Why don't you We've covered it. You're running enormous amounts 2:11:25.640 --> 2:11:29.280 of calculations and it sucks a lot of energy and 2:11:29.400 --> 2:11:31.640 IM and I'm sure it does for a lot of 2:11:31.800 --> 2:11:34.720 n f t s are released, like by the thousands. 2:11:34.760 --> 2:11:38.840 They're talking about crypto. It's it's it's doing the computations 2:11:38.920 --> 2:11:43.440 necessary for cryptocurrencies. It's taking up a lot of energy. Yeah, yeah, 2:11:43.480 --> 2:11:46.760 I you know, and I people have been, you know, 2:11:47.840 --> 2:11:51.360 not very friendly about it. Your students said you are 2:11:51.400 --> 2:11:56.040 anti environment because you get into n f t s. Yeah. Yeah. 2:11:56.160 --> 2:11:58.400 What'd you say to them? Well, I, you know, I 2:11:59.240 --> 2:12:02.360 I told him to explain to me what it was that, 2:12:02.600 --> 2:12:04.040 you know, it was so bad about him and they 2:12:04.240 --> 2:12:07.320 and they did, and I said, well it's done. What 2:12:07.720 --> 2:12:09.920 can I do about it? And they said, don't do 2:12:10.040 --> 2:12:15.040 it again, and so you know, huh, but it's how 2:12:15.080 --> 2:12:17.880 I'm generating money for research. So I don't you know, I'm, 2:12:18.040 --> 2:12:21.560 I'm and I and I understand that there you know, 2:12:21.720 --> 2:12:24.240 there's some concern, But I know also that there's a 2:12:24.320 --> 2:12:28.400 lot of you know, people working on reducing the the 2:12:28.640 --> 2:12:31.800 environmental impact as well. So you know, can I tell 2:12:31.800 --> 2:12:33.200 you a little something you might not have turned up 2:12:33.200 --> 2:12:37.080 in all your research? Okay, no one is pure enough 2:12:38.400 --> 2:12:42.720 and no one's pure enough. Yeah, boy, I'll tell you 2:12:42.880 --> 2:12:49.000 not on Twitter, that's for sure. I got one last question. 2:12:49.080 --> 2:12:51.560 How does like some guy in his twenties it lives 2:12:51.560 --> 2:12:54.200 in Bozeman, say, and like works at a media company 2:12:54.360 --> 2:12:56.880 like get to go on one of these Maybe I'm 2:12:57.000 --> 2:13:00.400 just just like a hypothetical. Just just keep keep in 2:13:00.480 --> 2:13:04.680 touch still technically in his twenties, keep in touch with you. Yeah, Okay, 2:13:04.880 --> 2:13:07.520 you're gonna take Spencer out digging dinosaurs, take me to 2:13:10.440 --> 2:13:12.360 if you send these guys home, If you send these 2:13:12.400 --> 2:13:15.160 guys home with a big tristerratops, go on to be pissed. 2:13:17.600 --> 2:13:20.640 I'll be out. I'll be out in July. I'll be 2:13:20.840 --> 2:13:25.560 back up in Montana and I will have excavation up 2:13:25.880 --> 2:13:28.440 in northern Montana and you're gonna let them bust? Is 2:13:28.520 --> 2:13:30.680 this really invite? Because don't don't put her out there. 2:13:31.120 --> 2:13:33.720 He's a rock hunting some bitch man. You bring him out, 2:13:33.760 --> 2:13:38.600 he'll find something. You all have a standing invitation. I 2:13:38.640 --> 2:13:44.680 got my own paintbrushes. Spencer will find like a living dinosaurs. Good, 2:13:44.760 --> 2:13:48.200 nothing happens in July. You're seriously gonna go. Yeah, Oh, 2:13:48.280 --> 2:13:50.920 I'm going to Spencer's hardcore rockhound. I didn't know this about. 2:13:53.200 --> 2:13:55.800 That's a rock hound poser because we spent a lot 2:13:55.800 --> 2:13:59.000 of time together. He hasn't brought this up to me. No, listen, Spencer, 2:14:00.000 --> 2:14:04.360 we're gonna do. I'm oftentimes sending Spencer ship like what. 2:14:04.560 --> 2:14:08.919 He's trying to establish his bona fides as a rockhound. 2:14:09.160 --> 2:14:12.040 I yeah, I'm not. I'm not Spencer for sure, but 2:14:12.640 --> 2:14:16.080 um well, one of the areas well. If Jack comes 2:14:16.120 --> 2:14:20.120 to me and he says, the boys, where where we look? 2:14:21.360 --> 2:14:24.480 We can sit on the hill look for dinosaurs and 2:14:24.600 --> 2:14:29.560 then look out at at the at the modern river 2:14:30.000 --> 2:14:37.120 and see herds of elk sting like that. You're scouting too. 2:14:37.680 --> 2:14:40.240 I'm gonna start. I'm gonna start marking spots for fine 2:14:40.280 --> 2:14:44.080 stuff and taking pictures and sending them to let me 2:14:44.080 --> 2:14:45.680 ask you this real quick. This is my last question. 2:14:46.880 --> 2:14:49.600 I don't you know that clamp the clam bed. Yeah, 2:14:50.880 --> 2:14:53.440 it's on federal land. But let's just say a feller 2:14:53.560 --> 2:14:55.720 owned a clam bed. Is that of any significance or 2:14:55.800 --> 2:15:00.560 those things just everywhere? Yeah, they're mostly everywhere. Okay, try 2:15:00.600 --> 2:15:03.160 to explain that to my kids to reduce the heartbreak 2:15:03.160 --> 2:15:06.400 of them not being able to haul off all those clams. Well, 2:15:07.800 --> 2:15:09.960 you know, they could haul off quite a few of them, 2:15:09.960 --> 2:15:13.320 and it's okay everywhere, to the point where Blam says that, 2:15:13.480 --> 2:15:17.920 like you can take invertebrates. Invertebrates are fine a clam 2:15:18.080 --> 2:15:24.800 and like I have vaculites from and they're gonna kill me. 2:15:24.800 --> 2:15:27.360 Because here's the thing. I was just trying to be 2:15:27.520 --> 2:15:30.680 like instilling them, like you know how you do when 2:15:30.680 --> 2:15:33.480 you have kids, and uh, well I told them you 2:15:33.480 --> 2:15:38.440 can't take those clamps. Well clamps kids can fill up 2:15:38.480 --> 2:15:41.800 a basement pretty quick. They kind of kept the clams 2:15:42.000 --> 2:15:45.840 not knowing where you were. There are certains around Fort 2:15:45.880 --> 2:15:49.400 Peck where you can't be taking stuff nothing at all. Mr. Yeah, 2:15:49.840 --> 2:15:51.920 I could walk right back up. I could walk right 2:15:52.000 --> 2:15:54.680 back up to this thing and pass my kids DearS 2:15:54.720 --> 2:15:58.160 gut pile on the way and in order to have 2:15:58.280 --> 2:16:02.920 to drive past a lot of clamps. Oh, the spot 2:16:02.960 --> 2:16:05.360 where I found the big clam bed is right where 2:16:05.360 --> 2:16:10.600 you guys were hunting. Nah oh, I said, it was 2:16:10.600 --> 2:16:12.720 my last question. But here's my last question. This is 2:16:12.760 --> 2:16:15.120 a closer. This gives you a chance to close her out. Okay, 2:16:16.200 --> 2:16:22.360 what's the next when you crystal ball? Okay? In your field? 2:16:23.880 --> 2:16:26.840 What's the next big thing that that people need to 2:16:26.880 --> 2:16:29.280 find out? Right? So if you have a clue, really 2:16:29.400 --> 2:16:32.040 we chunk out like this whole bird ship. That's interesting. 2:16:32.160 --> 2:16:35.160 The feathers and the colors, that's interesting. You don't have 2:16:35.360 --> 2:16:42.200 any like that that that they could blank or you know, no, no, 2:16:42.520 --> 2:16:46.240 I just I just hope we don't overlook it. So 2:16:46.360 --> 2:16:48.480 you don't have a you don't have a hunch. Nope, 2:16:48.560 --> 2:16:52.480 not a clue. What are you working on right now? 2:16:52.920 --> 2:16:58.520 I'm I'm interested in, I don't I'm interested in and 2:16:58.720 --> 2:17:04.600 how dinosaur accouterments, you know, how they grow. It's just 2:17:04.800 --> 2:17:07.920 it's like looking at deer antlers. Do you know anything 2:17:07.920 --> 2:17:13.520 about deer antlers? I mean they are made of I 2:17:13.600 --> 2:17:16.760 mean the animal just you know, just imagine, I mean, 2:17:16.800 --> 2:17:21.440 the the animal puts a huge amount of energy into 2:17:21.520 --> 2:17:24.959 growing these things and then drops them and then starts 2:17:25.040 --> 2:17:27.560 over the next year, right, I mean a lot of 2:17:27.640 --> 2:17:31.000 accouterments are kept year after year. I mean it's it's 2:17:31.080 --> 2:17:36.440 less expensive that way. And and the big shield on 2:17:36.560 --> 2:17:39.040 a tricerat I mean it's an enormous structure. I mean, 2:17:39.120 --> 2:17:43.320 on an adult triceratops, their skull is nine ft long 2:17:43.440 --> 2:17:46.840 and six ft wide. I mean it's just huge. And 2:17:47.480 --> 2:17:53.000 and you know, and there parts of them are paper thin, 2:17:53.800 --> 2:17:57.240 and yet you never find them broken or our heel 2:17:57.480 --> 2:18:01.200 re healed. I mean, so so it's it's just it's 2:18:01.240 --> 2:18:03.440 just interesting. We just don't know very much about them. 2:18:03.480 --> 2:18:06.920 Do you think that there was that there was probably 2:18:07.400 --> 2:18:12.240 sexual display, and there was probably protection. No, I don't 2:18:12.280 --> 2:18:15.240 think any of those accouterments were for protection. I think 2:18:15.280 --> 2:18:19.560 they were all for display. Just look like a bad 2:18:19.680 --> 2:18:23.520 mofo to the ladies, because you know, mammals are really 2:18:24.200 --> 2:18:32.560 because mammals evolved as nocturnal creatures. Most mammals display um physically, right, 2:18:32.640 --> 2:18:35.360 I mean, crashing into each other, button each other. I 2:18:35.400 --> 2:18:40.320 mean that a lot of physical actions and and and 2:18:41.400 --> 2:18:45.920 and that communication between them is usually olfactory, right there, 2:18:45.959 --> 2:18:52.440 sniffing one another, birds and other diurnal animals, reptiles and 2:18:52.959 --> 2:18:56.920 birds and probably dinosaurs were all visual a lot of show. 2:18:57.240 --> 2:18:59.880 So it was all show, you know, and we see 2:19:00.000 --> 2:19:03.720 that in birds. I mean, yes, birds, male birds do 2:19:03.959 --> 2:19:07.880 fight sometimes, but mostly it's the males displaying to the 2:19:07.959 --> 2:19:11.400 females and the wild. Think of a of a dinosaur 2:19:11.560 --> 2:19:15.240 doing like like a dinosaur, like a leck and they're 2:19:15.320 --> 2:19:20.800 like displaying and strutting, strutting and dancing and singing, and 2:19:21.040 --> 2:19:25.760 you know, I think the whole works. I think every long. 2:19:27.040 --> 2:19:30.840 Wouldn't that be cool? Yeah? Well, next time someone asked 2:19:30.879 --> 2:19:32.560 you the old time machine question, why don't you put 2:19:32.640 --> 2:19:36.040 that one down breeding season? Breeding season? Yeah, well I 2:19:36.080 --> 2:19:41.160 got a good answer. I think no matter where, no 2:19:41.280 --> 2:19:43.880 matter what dinosaur you went to see, I think one 2:19:43.959 --> 2:19:49.160 thing it would be is stinky. Yeah, I think. I 2:19:49.240 --> 2:19:52.879 think those planning dinosaurs and the meaty I just think 2:19:52.959 --> 2:20:00.480 it was pretty nasty, like the sore up the big 2:20:00.600 --> 2:20:03.880 long neck dinosaurs. I mean they were those big giant 2:20:03.959 --> 2:20:08.320 stomachs were fermenting. Oh oh my god, that they were. Yeah, 2:20:09.040 --> 2:20:15.160 that was that's when there really was a lot of methane. 2:20:15.600 --> 2:20:22.440 Methane in the atmosphere. Yeah, huh, all right, man, all right, 2:20:22.879 --> 2:20:28.680 So I'll see some of you. Let me ask you, though, 2:20:28.760 --> 2:20:30.680 do you just take any old Tom, Dick and Harry 2:20:30.800 --> 2:20:32.560 or these guys getting like a special deal to be 2:20:32.560 --> 2:20:36.560 able to volunteer? Well they look they looked like they 2:20:36.600 --> 2:20:42.520 could work the jackhammer pretty well. All right, I can 2:20:42.560 --> 2:20:44.960 be excited to hear about I got my hours on 2:20:45.080 --> 2:20:51.840 the jackhammer. Not doing that though, No, but jack breaking rocks. Yeah, 2:20:53.600 --> 2:20:55.160 well I want to hear a report back. When you 2:20:55.320 --> 2:20:58.600 fellers get back, we're in the pockets full of looted. 2:21:00.240 --> 2:21:02.520 You'll come over to my house, they try sere cops 2:21:02.879 --> 2:21:07.640 skulls sitting on the on the table. Where did you 2:21:07.680 --> 2:21:12.360 get this? All right? Thank thanks so much for coming 2:21:12.400 --> 2:21:14.160 out man. We've been looking forward to it. Thank you.