1 00:00:01,120 --> 00:00:04,560 Speaker 1: Welcome to Stuff you Should Know from House Stuff Works 2 00:00:04,600 --> 00:00:16,160 Speaker 1: dot com. Welcome to the podcast. I'm Josh Clark. There's 3 00:00:16,239 --> 00:00:19,280 Speaker 1: Chuck Bryant. I didn't know we were podcasting about dolphin. 4 00:00:20,800 --> 00:00:25,160 Speaker 1: That was my bat. Oh I thought it was a dolphin. No, No, 5 00:00:25,360 --> 00:00:27,200 Speaker 1: that was a bat. Well, then why are you wearing 6 00:00:27,200 --> 00:00:30,680 Speaker 1: your dolphin running shorts? That has nothing to do with 7 00:00:31,560 --> 00:00:34,600 Speaker 1: bats and everything to do with Dan Marino. They probably 8 00:00:34,600 --> 00:00:37,520 Speaker 1: still have those dolphin running shorts. What are you talking about? 9 00:00:37,840 --> 00:00:41,680 Speaker 1: Remember the little uh like real runners. They still wear 10 00:00:41,720 --> 00:00:44,960 Speaker 1: those shorts or maybe it's all spandex now like super tight, 11 00:00:45,440 --> 00:00:47,839 Speaker 1: but they used to be just like a little whispy 12 00:00:47,960 --> 00:00:51,400 Speaker 1: piece of but they were called dolphins. Well, I think 13 00:00:51,479 --> 00:00:55,560 Speaker 1: that was the brand. I wasn't familiar remember, but you know, 14 00:00:55,680 --> 00:00:58,240 Speaker 1: things were you know, the right gust of wind could 15 00:00:58,280 --> 00:01:01,640 Speaker 1: reveal lots of things. I know you're talking about, like 16 00:01:01,720 --> 00:01:06,920 Speaker 1: short shorts, real flimsy one real satiny, flimsy, whispy. But 17 00:01:06,959 --> 00:01:09,280 Speaker 1: and I think I think they were dolphin running shorts. 18 00:01:09,720 --> 00:01:12,400 Speaker 1: And by the way, this this podcast is not sponsored 19 00:01:12,440 --> 00:01:18,039 Speaker 1: by Dolphin running shorts. It's sponsored by the Bats of America. 20 00:01:18,160 --> 00:01:22,759 Speaker 1: That's right, which I always have liked bats. But after 21 00:01:22,800 --> 00:01:26,440 Speaker 1: reading this, I'm so much more in love with bats. 22 00:01:26,680 --> 00:01:29,360 Speaker 1: Oh yeah, they're need animals. It's amazing and not just 23 00:01:29,440 --> 00:01:31,880 Speaker 1: like I learned a lot of stuff. I kind of 24 00:01:31,920 --> 00:01:36,560 Speaker 1: knew about the echo location and stuff like that. Yeah. Actually, 25 00:01:36,600 --> 00:01:41,880 Speaker 1: here's here's my impression of a bat echo locating. Good huh, 26 00:01:41,920 --> 00:01:44,800 Speaker 1: because humans can't hear it. That's right, I just did it. 27 00:01:44,920 --> 00:01:48,760 Speaker 1: Really great, very nice, chuck. If you are on the fence, 28 00:01:48,840 --> 00:01:50,960 Speaker 1: well not you, because you just stated that you're over 29 00:01:51,040 --> 00:01:54,800 Speaker 1: the fence clearly in the bat yard. Pro bat, pro 30 00:01:54,920 --> 00:01:58,920 Speaker 1: bat me too. Um. They never did anything to anybody 31 00:01:58,960 --> 00:02:01,840 Speaker 1: on purpose, from some of them sucking your blood while 32 00:02:01,880 --> 00:02:05,880 Speaker 1: you sleep. Aside from that super rare um, bats seem 33 00:02:05,960 --> 00:02:07,960 Speaker 1: to be pretty great animals. And if you're on the 34 00:02:07,960 --> 00:02:10,240 Speaker 1: fence about bats and you want to go over to 35 00:02:10,240 --> 00:02:12,760 Speaker 1: the pro bat side, go on to YouTube and type 36 00:02:12,760 --> 00:02:16,560 Speaker 1: in bat eating a banana. It's very cute. It's adorable. 37 00:02:17,200 --> 00:02:21,280 Speaker 1: There's also baby bat burrito videos. They're wrapped up in 38 00:02:21,280 --> 00:02:23,840 Speaker 1: a blanket out of tortilla. There's a lot of cute 39 00:02:23,840 --> 00:02:25,920 Speaker 1: bat videos out there because there's a lot of cute 40 00:02:25,919 --> 00:02:29,760 Speaker 1: bats there. Um. And you might say, no, no, no no, 41 00:02:30,200 --> 00:02:35,080 Speaker 1: I've seen bats they are as ugly as pure evil gets. 42 00:02:36,200 --> 00:02:38,959 Speaker 1: You're talking about what are called micro bats, the ones 43 00:02:39,000 --> 00:02:43,760 Speaker 1: with the crazy nostrils that actually make un gag. Oh yeah, 44 00:02:43,880 --> 00:02:46,240 Speaker 1: I think they're cute too. I mean I get it 45 00:02:46,320 --> 00:02:52,200 Speaker 1: because they definitely look like uh, literary ghouls and fiends. 46 00:02:52,639 --> 00:02:55,600 Speaker 1: But um, which makes you wonder. I wonder if fiends 47 00:02:55,600 --> 00:02:59,040 Speaker 1: and ghouls were modeled after those types of bats. Oh 48 00:02:59,080 --> 00:03:02,640 Speaker 1: I'm sure, Okay, I didn't realize it was so obvious. 49 00:03:02,720 --> 00:03:04,200 Speaker 1: Well no, I mean it would have to, because that's 50 00:03:04,200 --> 00:03:07,000 Speaker 1: a real thing, and they look so much alike. Maybe 51 00:03:07,040 --> 00:03:09,400 Speaker 1: no one had seemed a bat and then they make 52 00:03:09,480 --> 00:03:12,280 Speaker 1: gargos are like, what a coincidence? Or maybe a bat 53 00:03:12,360 --> 00:03:14,120 Speaker 1: just died at the feet of an artist one day 54 00:03:14,160 --> 00:03:16,320 Speaker 1: and he's like, oh man, I gotta cast this in 55 00:03:16,560 --> 00:03:19,800 Speaker 1: clay and put it on my front doorstep. I know 56 00:03:19,880 --> 00:03:22,840 Speaker 1: what you were driving at. Though. They are cute in 57 00:03:22,880 --> 00:03:27,920 Speaker 1: their own really weird uncanny way. Yeah so, but but 58 00:03:28,000 --> 00:03:30,920 Speaker 1: nothing like the flying fox. Those are legit cute. No, 59 00:03:31,080 --> 00:03:34,120 Speaker 1: and actually this article needs to be updated. Man, So 60 00:03:34,280 --> 00:03:37,440 Speaker 1: bats are there's actually bats are the only flying mammals. 61 00:03:37,440 --> 00:03:41,280 Speaker 1: We should say, they're very unique animals. Only flying mammals wait, 62 00:03:41,320 --> 00:03:45,360 Speaker 1: what about the penguin non flying and a bird. It 63 00:03:45,440 --> 00:03:49,560 Speaker 1: didn't even come close. Bats are mammals um and they're 64 00:03:49,560 --> 00:03:52,800 Speaker 1: more closely related to humans than say, like the fox 65 00:03:53,080 --> 00:03:57,280 Speaker 1: or the rat or whatever that they're they're frequently described 66 00:03:57,320 --> 00:04:01,680 Speaker 1: as being the flying version of um. And there's I 67 00:04:01,680 --> 00:04:06,120 Speaker 1: think something like species of bats species, and they all 68 00:04:06,160 --> 00:04:11,400 Speaker 1: belong to the order um Chiroptera, which means hand wing, 69 00:04:11,440 --> 00:04:14,880 Speaker 1: which we'll get to. And then bats typically are subdivided 70 00:04:14,920 --> 00:04:17,680 Speaker 1: into two sub orders, and it used to be mega 71 00:04:17,880 --> 00:04:24,360 Speaker 1: chi rop Tera and micro Chiropa. No, because science specifically 72 00:04:24,400 --> 00:04:28,000 Speaker 1: like taxonomy, used to be kind of dumb. It was 73 00:04:28,080 --> 00:04:31,680 Speaker 1: just based on appearance. And then once the field of 74 00:04:31,680 --> 00:04:34,599 Speaker 1: genetics came along, they started like genetically testing things and 75 00:04:34,640 --> 00:04:37,640 Speaker 1: realizing that it's not a really good way to categorize 76 00:04:37,680 --> 00:04:40,240 Speaker 1: things like this skunk looks like a raccoon, but they're 77 00:04:40,279 --> 00:04:42,760 Speaker 1: not the same thing, right, so maybe they shouldn't be 78 00:04:42,760 --> 00:04:45,120 Speaker 1: in the same order any longer. This is the case 79 00:04:45,160 --> 00:04:47,440 Speaker 1: with bats, so um it used to be based on 80 00:04:47,480 --> 00:04:52,000 Speaker 1: their size megabats and microbats or megachira chirop Tera and 81 00:04:52,279 --> 00:04:56,680 Speaker 1: micro chirop Tara. Now, because of genetic testing, some of 82 00:04:56,720 --> 00:04:59,680 Speaker 1: the very small bats are now in the megabat order, 83 00:04:59,760 --> 00:05:02,520 Speaker 1: so order and vice versa, but those are still sub 84 00:05:02,640 --> 00:05:06,919 Speaker 1: orders they are, but they renamed him to megabats and 85 00:05:07,000 --> 00:05:10,599 Speaker 1: micro bats. But so, for example, the long tongue fruit 86 00:05:10,600 --> 00:05:13,920 Speaker 1: bat is considered a megabat, but it's wingspan is only 87 00:05:13,960 --> 00:05:17,640 Speaker 1: about ten inches. It's a little thing. Whereas if you 88 00:05:17,680 --> 00:05:21,640 Speaker 1: look at the flying fox or the fruit bat uh Asia, 89 00:05:21,680 --> 00:05:27,039 Speaker 1: Africa and Australia, those things are adorable and they are huge, 90 00:05:27,279 --> 00:05:29,800 Speaker 1: like six ft wingspans on some of these bad boys. 91 00:05:30,600 --> 00:05:33,320 Speaker 1: And I mean, I think they're gorgeous. I know. I 92 00:05:33,320 --> 00:05:36,599 Speaker 1: think it's the wing just terrifies people. Yeah, because it 93 00:05:36,600 --> 00:05:38,279 Speaker 1: looks like a cute, little fuzzy fox and then he 94 00:05:38,320 --> 00:05:45,040 Speaker 1: goes right, it envelops you and takes you to Well, 95 00:05:45,080 --> 00:05:48,080 Speaker 1: that's what evokes I think is uh is a cape 96 00:05:48,160 --> 00:05:52,040 Speaker 1: that something would wrap around you and suck your blood? Yeah, 97 00:05:52,240 --> 00:05:56,279 Speaker 1: like a vampire. Oh I wonder if vampires were invented 98 00:05:56,680 --> 00:06:02,200 Speaker 1: independently a bat? Uh? Uh? The what is the cute 99 00:06:02,200 --> 00:06:05,840 Speaker 1: little guy that beat? Yeah? I posted a picture that 100 00:06:06,000 --> 00:06:09,960 Speaker 1: fella on Facebook today, Um, just as a teaser. People 101 00:06:09,960 --> 00:06:12,720 Speaker 1: didn't know we're gonna do an episode on it, just 102 00:06:12,760 --> 00:06:15,360 Speaker 1: to get reactions. And most people are like, oh, that's 103 00:06:15,360 --> 00:06:17,400 Speaker 1: super cute, and a lot of people are like, I 104 00:06:17,440 --> 00:06:20,320 Speaker 1: still wouldn't touch that thing. Well, that's a really good, 105 00:06:20,760 --> 00:06:23,440 Speaker 1: sensible thing. Like bats might be cute and all that, 106 00:06:23,520 --> 00:06:28,200 Speaker 1: but they're also enormous reservoirs for diseases. They're like top 107 00:06:28,320 --> 00:06:31,680 Speaker 1: notch disease reservoirs for diseases that you and I can catch, 108 00:06:31,720 --> 00:06:34,640 Speaker 1: like ebola in rabies. And they think one of the 109 00:06:34,640 --> 00:06:37,080 Speaker 1: reasons is because they and we'll talk about this later, 110 00:06:37,120 --> 00:06:39,600 Speaker 1: but they're they're so comfortable with each other, they just 111 00:06:39,680 --> 00:06:42,840 Speaker 1: huddle together, spreading disease on one another exactly. I mean, 112 00:06:42,880 --> 00:06:46,599 Speaker 1: like epidemic disease didn't take hold among humans until we 113 00:06:46,720 --> 00:06:49,880 Speaker 1: moved into cities, and even in cities, like, we're still 114 00:06:49,960 --> 00:06:55,560 Speaker 1: not elbow to elbow figuratively we are, but not in reality. 115 00:06:55,760 --> 00:06:59,400 Speaker 1: Bats are literally elbow to elbow in their colonies, so 116 00:06:59,520 --> 00:07:03,800 Speaker 1: disease spreads anywhere it wants among them. Yeah, however, about 117 00:07:03,839 --> 00:07:07,360 Speaker 1: the raby scare. They are carriers of rabies, but not 118 00:07:07,480 --> 00:07:10,760 Speaker 1: to like people think. I think less than one half 119 00:07:10,800 --> 00:07:16,160 Speaker 1: of one percent of bats are rabid, one half point 120 00:07:16,240 --> 00:07:19,800 Speaker 1: five and you're more way more likely to get rabies 121 00:07:19,880 --> 00:07:23,640 Speaker 1: from raccoons and skunks and okay, well there you go. 122 00:07:23,800 --> 00:07:28,040 Speaker 1: That that puts it in perspective because I like any raccoon. 123 00:07:28,120 --> 00:07:30,559 Speaker 1: I see, maybe I should stop doing that. You should 124 00:07:30,600 --> 00:07:32,600 Speaker 1: probably start do it. They bite me a lot, Yeah, 125 00:07:33,320 --> 00:07:38,280 Speaker 1: she checked out, Maybe I should. Uh so, yes, you said, 126 00:07:38,280 --> 00:07:43,640 Speaker 1: how many species about? And aside from varying in size, 127 00:07:44,200 --> 00:07:46,520 Speaker 1: like you said that, just a look of them, like 128 00:07:46,600 --> 00:07:49,360 Speaker 1: the flying fox looks, like we said, like a little 129 00:07:49,360 --> 00:07:52,360 Speaker 1: fox has that long snout, looks traditionally like a mammal 130 00:07:52,840 --> 00:07:55,800 Speaker 1: has smaller ears, and those little scary looking guys have 131 00:07:55,920 --> 00:07:59,920 Speaker 1: those huge ears, and that knows, that makes you meek gag. 132 00:08:00,200 --> 00:08:03,400 Speaker 1: So here's the thing, like, I believe that even that 133 00:08:03,560 --> 00:08:05,280 Speaker 1: is up in the air now that they've started doing 134 00:08:05,320 --> 00:08:09,920 Speaker 1: genetic testing. What is like that classification based on looks 135 00:08:09,960 --> 00:08:15,280 Speaker 1: as well? It's it's just bat taxonomy is really up 136 00:08:15,320 --> 00:08:20,240 Speaker 1: for grabs right now. It's time. Let's say, generally speaking, 137 00:08:20,280 --> 00:08:23,800 Speaker 1: then the one of the other distinctions too, typically that 138 00:08:23,880 --> 00:08:29,720 Speaker 1: divides these two um suborders chuck is what they eat? Yeah, um, 139 00:08:29,800 --> 00:08:34,880 Speaker 1: the micro bats tend to be carnivorous, so it includes 140 00:08:34,960 --> 00:08:38,160 Speaker 1: vampire bats, but vampire bats are not not all bats 141 00:08:38,160 --> 00:08:42,440 Speaker 1: are vampire bats, even if they're carnivorous. Most bats just 142 00:08:42,480 --> 00:08:48,280 Speaker 1: the insects if they're carnivorous, like mosquitoes. But megabats, including 143 00:08:48,280 --> 00:08:51,360 Speaker 1: those the big ones with the six foot wingspan, the 144 00:08:51,440 --> 00:08:55,959 Speaker 1: flying fox I think you said, um, those are they're 145 00:08:56,000 --> 00:09:00,000 Speaker 1: just hippies. They just eat plants, that's it, like literally 146 00:09:00,400 --> 00:09:04,400 Speaker 1: nectar and spread pollen. Yeah, it's pretty great like birds. 147 00:09:05,640 --> 00:09:09,280 Speaker 1: Why is that funny? It's pretty great. Yeah, it is. 148 00:09:10,000 --> 00:09:12,120 Speaker 1: All right. Well, let's talk a little bit about the 149 00:09:12,160 --> 00:09:16,680 Speaker 1: wing because this is where my learning really started here 150 00:09:17,400 --> 00:09:22,120 Speaker 1: in researching this. The German word for bats is uh 151 00:09:22,559 --> 00:09:29,920 Speaker 1: fida moves. I expected more from you than that, yeah, really, yeah, 152 00:09:30,320 --> 00:09:32,480 Speaker 1: I expected you to put on like a metal hat 153 00:09:32,520 --> 00:09:36,199 Speaker 1: with like a spike coming out of the top that 154 00:09:36,240 --> 00:09:39,720 Speaker 1: translates into flying mice. Yes for the curious. And people 155 00:09:39,720 --> 00:09:42,400 Speaker 1: will say that because a bat does look kind of 156 00:09:42,440 --> 00:09:44,920 Speaker 1: like a flying mouse or flying rodent of some sort. 157 00:09:45,240 --> 00:09:49,520 Speaker 1: But like I said, they're much more closely related to humans. Yeah. 158 00:09:49,559 --> 00:09:52,280 Speaker 1: And you also might think they're like birds because they 159 00:09:52,280 --> 00:09:55,240 Speaker 1: fly around. Not so when you look at the wing 160 00:09:55,280 --> 00:09:58,880 Speaker 1: structure of a bat and a bird, uh, very different. 161 00:09:58,920 --> 00:10:01,480 Speaker 1: It actually if you look at a human, if you 162 00:10:01,559 --> 00:10:04,000 Speaker 1: held your arms out to your side with your elbows 163 00:10:04,040 --> 00:10:08,400 Speaker 1: bent and your fingers spread, and then basically shook your hands. Yeah, 164 00:10:08,400 --> 00:10:11,240 Speaker 1: like you're gonna do jazz hands exactly. And then imagine 165 00:10:11,280 --> 00:10:16,120 Speaker 1: that there was a webbed membrane called a how would 166 00:10:16,120 --> 00:10:21,360 Speaker 1: you pronounce it, pettigym PETA giant peta giant. I don't 167 00:10:21,400 --> 00:10:24,640 Speaker 1: have one of those two those are the wings. The flesh. Yeah, 168 00:10:24,679 --> 00:10:26,760 Speaker 1: there you go, the flesh of the wing. If you 169 00:10:26,840 --> 00:10:28,680 Speaker 1: held your hands out into jazz hands, but it was 170 00:10:28,720 --> 00:10:31,640 Speaker 1: all webbed and connected. That is way more what a 171 00:10:31,679 --> 00:10:34,040 Speaker 1: bat's wing it looks like in functions like than a 172 00:10:34,040 --> 00:10:37,319 Speaker 1: bird's wing. Right. So a bird's wing has rigid bones 173 00:10:37,400 --> 00:10:40,640 Speaker 1: in it, right, and the muscles that control the wings 174 00:10:40,640 --> 00:10:44,160 Speaker 1: are located basically at what would amount to your armpits. 175 00:10:44,440 --> 00:10:47,080 Speaker 1: Like so like, just do the chicken nance real quick 176 00:10:47,080 --> 00:10:50,239 Speaker 1: and think about what you're doing. Yes, right, you're you're 177 00:10:50,240 --> 00:10:53,520 Speaker 1: you're not. There's not really any movement in the actual arm. 178 00:10:53,520 --> 00:10:57,040 Speaker 1: It's all at the shoulder joint. Ye. Same with birds. 179 00:10:57,040 --> 00:10:59,920 Speaker 1: With bats, that is not the case because their base 180 00:11:00,000 --> 00:11:03,360 Speaker 1: sically like winged hands, which is the reason they're their 181 00:11:03,559 --> 00:11:07,120 Speaker 1: order is named that right. Yes, um, they can basically 182 00:11:07,600 --> 00:11:12,320 Speaker 1: swim through the air, which allows them to dive, bomb 183 00:11:12,400 --> 00:11:14,600 Speaker 1: and turn and twist and go up and down and 184 00:11:14,640 --> 00:11:17,760 Speaker 1: go after These insects that can fly really fast, which 185 00:11:17,840 --> 00:11:21,480 Speaker 1: constitute most of their prey um much more easily, and 186 00:11:21,520 --> 00:11:25,840 Speaker 1: they're much more depth at um maneuvering midair than your 187 00:11:25,880 --> 00:11:30,240 Speaker 1: average bird is. Yes, absolutely, like a thousand times. There's 188 00:11:30,240 --> 00:11:34,280 Speaker 1: no science behind that. I would say even like times. Okay, well, 189 00:11:34,320 --> 00:11:36,280 Speaker 1: I mean if there's if we're going without scienceless to 190 00:11:36,320 --> 00:11:39,640 Speaker 1: say like a million times more a gazillion. Uh. They 191 00:11:39,640 --> 00:11:41,719 Speaker 1: have little thumbs that extend out of the wing as 192 00:11:41,760 --> 00:11:44,000 Speaker 1: a in the form of a little small claw, and 193 00:11:44,000 --> 00:11:48,800 Speaker 1: this is what they use to climb trees. Um, it's 194 00:11:48,800 --> 00:11:50,600 Speaker 1: really neat how they fly. I guess we'll go ahead 195 00:11:50,600 --> 00:11:52,640 Speaker 1: and let the cat out of the bag. They don't 196 00:11:52,640 --> 00:11:56,719 Speaker 1: have enough lift with their wings to take off like 197 00:11:56,920 --> 00:11:59,600 Speaker 1: sitting on a branch like a bird. They don't have 198 00:12:00,160 --> 00:12:02,920 Speaker 1: like strong enough legs to run run, run, run, run 199 00:12:02,960 --> 00:12:06,360 Speaker 1: down a runway and take off, so they hang upside 200 00:12:06,400 --> 00:12:10,720 Speaker 1: down and drop and then start flying. They have like small, 201 00:12:10,800 --> 00:12:14,640 Speaker 1: withered little legs that they basically dragged behind them as 202 00:12:14,679 --> 00:12:17,600 Speaker 1: they crawl. Yeah, and so that's why they climb trees. 203 00:12:17,600 --> 00:12:20,040 Speaker 1: They climb up to a high launch point and we'll 204 00:12:20,080 --> 00:12:22,320 Speaker 1: get to the hanging later because that's super cool too, 205 00:12:22,559 --> 00:12:30,880 Speaker 1: and then just fall and start flying. That's how bads fly. Uh. 206 00:12:31,800 --> 00:12:36,400 Speaker 1: Scientifically speaking, they believe that bat's um used to not fly, 207 00:12:37,160 --> 00:12:40,320 Speaker 1: and thanks to natural selection, the ones who could leap 208 00:12:40,360 --> 00:12:44,480 Speaker 1: further and further from tree to tree, uh were more successful, 209 00:12:44,559 --> 00:12:50,000 Speaker 1: and that eventually led to um that patagium being formed. Yeah, 210 00:12:50,000 --> 00:12:53,080 Speaker 1: they know they could fly, kind of like lemurs are 211 00:12:53,080 --> 00:12:55,880 Speaker 1: flying squirrels or something like that. Right, So, like one 212 00:12:55,920 --> 00:12:58,000 Speaker 1: of them was born with an extra skim flap and 213 00:12:58,040 --> 00:13:01,040 Speaker 1: everyone's like, you freak, and then it flew and they 214 00:13:01,040 --> 00:13:04,520 Speaker 1: were like, wow, the exactly look at all these insects 215 00:13:04,520 --> 00:13:09,600 Speaker 1: I got um. So they think that the bat evolved, 216 00:13:09,600 --> 00:13:12,920 Speaker 1: like you said, from a tree dwelling mammal, which we 217 00:13:13,040 --> 00:13:16,319 Speaker 1: likely did as well, which is why we're related to bats. 218 00:13:16,559 --> 00:13:19,720 Speaker 1: Most likely we share some sort of single common ancestor 219 00:13:19,800 --> 00:13:25,040 Speaker 1: that dwelt in trees um and probably bats evolved somewhere 220 00:13:25,080 --> 00:13:27,480 Speaker 1: around a hundred million years ago, is what they believe. 221 00:13:27,760 --> 00:13:30,560 Speaker 1: But I think the oldest fossils they found are like 222 00:13:30,640 --> 00:13:34,640 Speaker 1: fifty million in change, and these fossils that they found 223 00:13:34,640 --> 00:13:40,120 Speaker 1: in wyoming um show that the wings are there, but 224 00:13:40,200 --> 00:13:44,119 Speaker 1: the ears are not developed, which suggests that flying developed 225 00:13:44,360 --> 00:13:49,040 Speaker 1: among bats before echolocation did, which has been a longstanding debate. 226 00:13:49,320 --> 00:13:52,240 Speaker 1: Did they did echo like location come first, did flying 227 00:13:52,280 --> 00:13:54,600 Speaker 1: come first, or did they both evolve at the same time? 228 00:13:54,760 --> 00:13:58,319 Speaker 1: And it turns out flying was first? Well, right for 229 00:13:58,440 --> 00:14:01,640 Speaker 1: this break, we will talk about that echo location. How 230 00:14:01,640 --> 00:14:25,360 Speaker 1: about that. Let's all right, Josh. We talked about the 231 00:14:25,760 --> 00:14:29,640 Speaker 1: wing structure makes them uh able to hunt really well, 232 00:14:29,680 --> 00:14:32,480 Speaker 1: but it's really a one two punch um along with 233 00:14:32,520 --> 00:14:38,240 Speaker 1: their echolocation or echo loctive abilities. I think that's the word. 234 00:14:38,280 --> 00:14:41,240 Speaker 1: Is that a word? Yeah? Right? So, Um, you can 235 00:14:41,320 --> 00:14:43,640 Speaker 1: maneuver all day long, but if you can't find your prey, 236 00:14:45,040 --> 00:14:47,680 Speaker 1: usually doing a weird dance exactly, and you're just showing 237 00:14:47,720 --> 00:14:51,840 Speaker 1: off um and the way that bats find their prey. 238 00:14:52,000 --> 00:14:54,920 Speaker 1: There's a common myth, chuck that bat blind is a 239 00:14:54,960 --> 00:15:00,120 Speaker 1: bat that bats can't see absolutely untrue. Most bats have 240 00:15:00,480 --> 00:15:04,840 Speaker 1: like perfectly good vision, like like exceptional vision. Even Yeah, Um, 241 00:15:05,120 --> 00:15:08,480 Speaker 1: there was a study, it's some German study I believe 242 00:15:08,560 --> 00:15:11,720 Speaker 1: that found that um bats have rods and cones, which 243 00:15:11,720 --> 00:15:14,760 Speaker 1: means they can see color in the daylight as well 244 00:15:14,800 --> 00:15:19,720 Speaker 1: as um like black and white stuff right old movies, 245 00:15:20,800 --> 00:15:24,080 Speaker 1: um before Ted Turner got his hands on him, and 246 00:15:24,120 --> 00:15:27,240 Speaker 1: that never went anywhere. It really didn't. But now it's 247 00:15:27,320 --> 00:15:30,240 Speaker 1: like there, it's done. Now the Wizard of Oz is 248 00:15:30,280 --> 00:15:34,000 Speaker 1: like gaudy, as gaudy as like the terra Cotta Army. 249 00:15:34,040 --> 00:15:37,920 Speaker 1: Originally the Wizard of Oz always was both because when 250 00:15:37,920 --> 00:15:40,840 Speaker 1: they get to Oz, it's color Oh yeah, you're right, Yeah, 251 00:15:41,480 --> 00:15:43,800 Speaker 1: well what oh gone with the wind? I think he 252 00:15:43,840 --> 00:15:50,200 Speaker 1: did colorize he did colorize it. Anyway, can you tell 253 00:15:50,240 --> 00:15:52,480 Speaker 1: it's been a little lot since we've done this. I 254 00:15:52,600 --> 00:15:55,080 Speaker 1: think it's great. I can. It's also really hot in here, 255 00:15:55,680 --> 00:15:58,600 Speaker 1: and it's getting hotter by the second. The more I stall, 256 00:15:58,680 --> 00:16:03,160 Speaker 1: the hotter it gets. Allow me to continue. So bats 257 00:16:03,160 --> 00:16:06,880 Speaker 1: echolocate as well as c and again I'm not quite sure. 258 00:16:06,880 --> 00:16:10,000 Speaker 1: I couldn't find this chuck, but I think micro bats 259 00:16:10,120 --> 00:16:13,520 Speaker 1: might be the only type to echolocate. I don't think 260 00:16:13,560 --> 00:16:16,160 Speaker 1: all bats to. The reason why is because if you're 261 00:16:16,600 --> 00:16:21,680 Speaker 1: hippie pollen eating um herbivore bat, you don't need to 262 00:16:21,720 --> 00:16:24,440 Speaker 1: echolocate your food. You can just fly around until you 263 00:16:24,520 --> 00:16:27,480 Speaker 1: run into a flower. Yeah, yeah, and smash it and 264 00:16:27,480 --> 00:16:31,960 Speaker 1: then just like lean over and suck it. There's some nectar. Okay. 265 00:16:32,440 --> 00:16:35,880 Speaker 1: If you are seeking flying insects as your prey, then yeah, 266 00:16:35,960 --> 00:16:39,760 Speaker 1: you better be able to echolocate. And we can actually echolocate. 267 00:16:39,760 --> 00:16:43,240 Speaker 1: There's a man who um is sightless? Who who can 268 00:16:43,280 --> 00:16:47,120 Speaker 1: echo locate and he's a human being is Yeah, I 269 00:16:47,160 --> 00:16:50,280 Speaker 1: can't remember what. Maybe a Men's Health article on him 270 00:16:50,320 --> 00:16:52,920 Speaker 1: like this dude just taught himself to echo locate. Did 271 00:16:52,920 --> 00:16:57,560 Speaker 1: they call him batman? Probably? I don't remember that much. Well, 272 00:16:57,680 --> 00:17:01,000 Speaker 1: if you've ever been to um Canyon, let's say a 273 00:17:01,040 --> 00:17:05,680 Speaker 1: Grand canyon, let's say the Grand Canyon Um, and you 274 00:17:05,800 --> 00:17:09,000 Speaker 1: boom your your voice out there, please don't say hello, 275 00:17:09,359 --> 00:17:12,760 Speaker 1: or is anyone out there? Those are? You know? Come 276 00:17:12,840 --> 00:17:17,240 Speaker 1: up with something better than that, better than Pink Floyd lyrics. No, 277 00:17:18,240 --> 00:17:23,440 Speaker 1: if it's in that context, then it passes. What would 278 00:17:23,440 --> 00:17:26,000 Speaker 1: you recommend for an echo man? What's your go to 279 00:17:26,200 --> 00:17:30,640 Speaker 1: echo words? Um? Definitely not echo. I think echo is great, 280 00:17:30,640 --> 00:17:33,000 Speaker 1: it's hilarious. Definitely not Hello, you know, I would say 281 00:17:33,320 --> 00:17:36,200 Speaker 1: I would say, now batting for the New York Yankees, 282 00:17:36,800 --> 00:17:40,040 Speaker 1: Manny Moto, Mandy Moto, That's what I would do, but 283 00:17:40,160 --> 00:17:44,960 Speaker 1: you could also do cock do the chicken dance. Oh yeah, 284 00:17:45,000 --> 00:17:47,760 Speaker 1: that'd be good. So whenever you choose to go with 285 00:17:48,320 --> 00:17:51,520 Speaker 1: that's your next visit to the canyons um. You will 286 00:17:51,560 --> 00:17:54,560 Speaker 1: hear that echo come back to you. And it's basically 287 00:17:54,720 --> 00:17:57,840 Speaker 1: the same way that bats use, except instead of echoing 288 00:17:57,920 --> 00:18:00,600 Speaker 1: off of a canyon wall, it's echo off of a 289 00:18:00,640 --> 00:18:05,000 Speaker 1: mosquito or whatever. Yeah, when you make sound waves and 290 00:18:05,000 --> 00:18:08,000 Speaker 1: it travels and it hits that canyon, all it comes 291 00:18:08,040 --> 00:18:10,720 Speaker 1: back to you, right, And bets do the same thing, 292 00:18:10,760 --> 00:18:12,960 Speaker 1: but like you said, they're bouncing off of a mosquito 293 00:18:13,200 --> 00:18:18,160 Speaker 1: or um some other flighted bug that it eats, and 294 00:18:18,920 --> 00:18:23,000 Speaker 1: just from standard echolocation, the bat can identify, oh, there's 295 00:18:23,000 --> 00:18:25,480 Speaker 1: a mosquito there, like all this other stuff, all the 296 00:18:25,600 --> 00:18:27,600 Speaker 1: all the other sound that I just put out there 297 00:18:28,000 --> 00:18:31,359 Speaker 1: came back at a much slower rate than this little 298 00:18:31,400 --> 00:18:34,840 Speaker 1: spot did, and that spot is probably a mosquito. But 299 00:18:34,880 --> 00:18:39,800 Speaker 1: it gets way more detailed than that. Basically, bat's echolocation 300 00:18:40,359 --> 00:18:44,280 Speaker 1: um is picked up and they're still not entirely certain, 301 00:18:44,480 --> 00:18:46,600 Speaker 1: like what kind of receptors the bat has. I mean, 302 00:18:46,600 --> 00:18:51,920 Speaker 1: it's apparently all oral, but in the bat's brain it 303 00:18:52,000 --> 00:18:55,800 Speaker 1: creates what would be about equivalent to our visual field, 304 00:18:56,160 --> 00:18:58,560 Speaker 1: Like we see light bouncing off of stuff, and I 305 00:18:58,560 --> 00:19:00,840 Speaker 1: can tell roughly how far a way you are and 306 00:19:00,880 --> 00:19:03,080 Speaker 1: where you are, and what position you're facing or what 307 00:19:03,119 --> 00:19:06,280 Speaker 1: direction you're going, all through light waves in an instant 308 00:19:06,320 --> 00:19:08,760 Speaker 1: like we don't have to think about that, see it, 309 00:19:08,760 --> 00:19:11,240 Speaker 1: and it's there. That's not calculating all of this, it's 310 00:19:11,280 --> 00:19:14,399 Speaker 1: just getting this Information's brain is automatically putting it together. 311 00:19:14,720 --> 00:19:18,439 Speaker 1: And what it amounts again to like a video of 312 00:19:19,240 --> 00:19:24,440 Speaker 1: a visible video spatial field. Right, and so it knows 313 00:19:24,720 --> 00:19:27,920 Speaker 1: there's mosquito. It's about this big. It's about yea big. 314 00:19:28,119 --> 00:19:30,800 Speaker 1: It's traveling at this rate in this direction, and it's 315 00:19:30,840 --> 00:19:33,600 Speaker 1: like right below me. And it goes and gets the 316 00:19:33,640 --> 00:19:38,440 Speaker 1: mosquito all from rather than picking up light waves, creating 317 00:19:38,600 --> 00:19:43,560 Speaker 1: a sound wave and listening for uh, it's echo, that's echolocation. 318 00:19:43,760 --> 00:19:46,720 Speaker 1: It's amazing. So and also I should say, chuck, it's 319 00:19:46,800 --> 00:19:50,359 Speaker 1: really good that this is ultrasonic um because that some 320 00:19:50,440 --> 00:19:52,600 Speaker 1: of them go up to like a hundred and twenty decibels, 321 00:19:52,960 --> 00:19:55,479 Speaker 1: which is the equivalent of having a smoke detector like 322 00:19:56,400 --> 00:20:00,080 Speaker 1: a couple inches from your ear. No, it shatter you 323 00:20:00,000 --> 00:20:04,480 Speaker 1: your life, all right, So let's talk about the different parts. Um. 324 00:20:04,640 --> 00:20:08,440 Speaker 1: They will determine the distance of the mosquito by how 325 00:20:08,440 --> 00:20:10,919 Speaker 1: long it takes that noise to return. Uh. You and 326 00:20:10,960 --> 00:20:14,479 Speaker 1: I could do that with simple math. Uh. At a canyon, 327 00:20:14,560 --> 00:20:17,639 Speaker 1: we could actually calculate how far away that other wall 328 00:20:17,760 --> 00:20:23,400 Speaker 1: is with maths you know, uh location, They can determine 329 00:20:23,440 --> 00:20:25,520 Speaker 1: where it is and how big it is and what 330 00:20:25,560 --> 00:20:31,000 Speaker 1: direction is moving by literally like if the mosquito sound 331 00:20:31,200 --> 00:20:33,720 Speaker 1: bounces back and hits the right ear before the left ear, 332 00:20:34,040 --> 00:20:37,639 Speaker 1: you know it's going to be the right That's pretty easy. Um. 333 00:20:37,720 --> 00:20:41,119 Speaker 1: And then they have all these little complex folds within 334 00:20:41,160 --> 00:20:43,080 Speaker 1: the ear. It's not just like a big, dumb human 335 00:20:43,160 --> 00:20:46,560 Speaker 1: ear like we have, UM, lots of little folds that 336 00:20:46,600 --> 00:20:50,560 Speaker 1: will help indicate its vertical position as well. So if 337 00:20:50,600 --> 00:20:53,200 Speaker 1: they know it's coming from above, it'll sound different in 338 00:20:53,240 --> 00:20:56,400 Speaker 1: the ear than if it's below. And again to the bat, 339 00:20:56,720 --> 00:20:59,360 Speaker 1: all this is happening automatically. Its brain is putting all 340 00:20:59,359 --> 00:21:04,639 Speaker 1: this information together, and the bat knows there's a mosquito 341 00:21:04,960 --> 00:21:08,040 Speaker 1: right below. It's right. The size is determined by the 342 00:21:08,040 --> 00:21:12,639 Speaker 1: intensity of the echo. Something uh larger will have a 343 00:21:12,680 --> 00:21:15,440 Speaker 1: you know, more intense echo. So that's a big fat 344 00:21:15,480 --> 00:21:19,080 Speaker 1: mosquito that just feasted on Josh. So it's got lots 345 00:21:19,119 --> 00:21:22,639 Speaker 1: of delicious of blood, delicious blood and um. They also 346 00:21:22,720 --> 00:21:25,920 Speaker 1: used the Doppler effect, Chuck, to determine whether something is 347 00:21:25,960 --> 00:21:30,439 Speaker 1: going away from it or toward it. That's right. Remember 348 00:21:30,520 --> 00:21:32,639 Speaker 1: the Doppler effect. I've mentioned it before and got it 349 00:21:32,720 --> 00:21:36,800 Speaker 1: totally wrong. Let me try again. It's tough, You're ready. 350 00:21:36,880 --> 00:21:41,000 Speaker 1: So the wavelength of something is is set, it's determined, right, 351 00:21:43,200 --> 00:21:46,480 Speaker 1: But if something is coming near you, that wavelength has 352 00:21:46,520 --> 00:21:50,560 Speaker 1: to be compressed in a shorter space. So therefore the 353 00:21:50,640 --> 00:21:54,520 Speaker 1: frequency the pitch increases. If something traveling away from you, 354 00:21:54,760 --> 00:21:57,359 Speaker 1: it has a lot more space between it and you 355 00:21:57,920 --> 00:22:01,399 Speaker 1: to fill up that same way length that same that 356 00:22:01,560 --> 00:22:04,640 Speaker 1: same yeah, the same wavelength, so the frequency the pitch 357 00:22:04,720 --> 00:22:08,280 Speaker 1: goes lower. That's the Doppler effect, right. I think it's 358 00:22:08,320 --> 00:22:10,440 Speaker 1: the Doppler Why do I have feeling you're gonna get email? 359 00:22:10,480 --> 00:22:13,359 Speaker 1: The people like, oh, Josh so close? Really practic, but 360 00:22:14,240 --> 00:22:17,959 Speaker 1: this one more thing. Um. So that is how they 361 00:22:18,000 --> 00:22:23,960 Speaker 1: determine distance, location, size, direction and direction. Amazing, and also 362 00:22:24,040 --> 00:22:26,960 Speaker 1: the actual sound that they're making when they echo. Locate 363 00:22:27,200 --> 00:22:29,359 Speaker 1: a lot of bats fly around with their mouths open, 364 00:22:29,840 --> 00:22:33,320 Speaker 1: and they look like they're just kind of slack jawed yokels. Well, 365 00:22:33,320 --> 00:22:37,560 Speaker 1: it turns out there making their echolocation squeaks the whole time. Again, 366 00:22:37,600 --> 00:22:42,280 Speaker 1: it's just ultrasonic, which is above the human threshold of hearing, right, 367 00:22:42,400 --> 00:22:44,280 Speaker 1: So it's squeaking the whole time. It's not just sitting 368 00:22:44,280 --> 00:22:47,320 Speaker 1: there with its mouth a gate. And some bats also, um, 369 00:22:47,520 --> 00:22:50,679 Speaker 1: especially the microbats that have the crazy nostrils that make 370 00:22:50,800 --> 00:22:55,919 Speaker 1: umi gag um, those actually will echolocate and generate the 371 00:22:55,960 --> 00:22:59,280 Speaker 1: sound through their nose. Oh yeah, that's right. Yeah, that's 372 00:22:59,280 --> 00:23:03,359 Speaker 1: why they look that way. Mh. They're like little speakers. So, Chuck, 373 00:23:03,680 --> 00:23:07,119 Speaker 1: I think we nailed like a location, don't you, and 374 00:23:07,200 --> 00:23:10,600 Speaker 1: the Doppler effect. Maybe put that one to bed um 375 00:23:10,600 --> 00:23:13,879 Speaker 1: and we will talk more about bats, including their little 376 00:23:13,960 --> 00:23:37,800 Speaker 1: families that they stay in right after this, Chuck. So 377 00:23:37,880 --> 00:23:39,720 Speaker 1: you talked a little bit about bats and how they 378 00:23:39,800 --> 00:23:42,720 Speaker 1: love to huddle together, and it depends on the kind 379 00:23:42,720 --> 00:23:47,960 Speaker 1: of bat, the bloodthirsty bats, vampire bats. They actually tend 380 00:23:47,960 --> 00:23:51,119 Speaker 1: to roost in small little colonies or solitary lee. I 381 00:23:51,160 --> 00:23:54,960 Speaker 1: believe sometimes in like really hard to reach places like 382 00:23:55,000 --> 00:24:00,639 Speaker 1: the Lost Boys. Yeah, yeah, like your fireplace. Yeah. I 383 00:24:00,640 --> 00:24:03,720 Speaker 1: had to battle a bat once in a fireplace. Yeah, yeah, 384 00:24:03,760 --> 00:24:07,280 Speaker 1: smoke it out. Uh No, I I didn't smoke it out. 385 00:24:07,320 --> 00:24:12,560 Speaker 1: I put on a leather coat over another coat, gloves, 386 00:24:13,080 --> 00:24:15,480 Speaker 1: suit up before you do any like battle with nature, 387 00:24:16,800 --> 00:24:21,920 Speaker 1: laundry baskett in a broom and I lost. But um, 388 00:24:22,800 --> 00:24:26,919 Speaker 1: they they they'll be by themselves usually. That's a good 389 00:24:27,040 --> 00:24:31,679 Speaker 1: giveaway that you have encountered a blood sucking bat. The 390 00:24:32,280 --> 00:24:39,399 Speaker 1: hippie herbivore bats, those tend to congregate and enormous colonies, 391 00:24:39,600 --> 00:24:45,360 Speaker 1: some often composed of millions of bats. Millions. Yeah, pretty amazing. Yeah, 392 00:24:45,800 --> 00:24:49,400 Speaker 1: um they we Well, you mentioned that they do all 393 00:24:49,400 --> 00:24:54,640 Speaker 1: this feeding and activity dawn, dusk and overnight because they 394 00:24:54,840 --> 00:24:59,080 Speaker 1: will um get eaten by hawks and falcons and things 395 00:24:59,160 --> 00:25:02,680 Speaker 1: during the day uh and other predators too, So they 396 00:25:02,720 --> 00:25:05,679 Speaker 1: like to stay away during the day and um and 397 00:25:05,760 --> 00:25:09,800 Speaker 1: hide out like you said, the caves, dark places, under bridges. 398 00:25:09,920 --> 00:25:12,359 Speaker 1: We'll talk about austin in a bit, right. Hawks don't 399 00:25:12,400 --> 00:25:17,000 Speaker 1: typically go into caves, they hang out in trees. So 400 00:25:17,240 --> 00:25:20,840 Speaker 1: bats go off and spend their days sleeping in caves 401 00:25:20,960 --> 00:25:23,720 Speaker 1: upside down upside down. And you were saying earlier that 402 00:25:23,760 --> 00:25:27,000 Speaker 1: you were excited about talking about that, and I understand why. Yeah. 403 00:25:27,040 --> 00:25:29,240 Speaker 1: I mean, like I said earlier, the reason they hang 404 00:25:29,320 --> 00:25:32,600 Speaker 1: upside down is not to look creepy. Uh, it's because 405 00:25:32,680 --> 00:25:35,520 Speaker 1: that's the way that they launched themselves to fly right, 406 00:25:36,000 --> 00:25:39,439 Speaker 1: and when they're sleeping upside down, they're able to sleep. 407 00:25:39,800 --> 00:25:42,000 Speaker 1: You would think that, well, yeah, if you're like hanging 408 00:25:42,000 --> 00:25:44,800 Speaker 1: onto something upside down, get tired. Yeah, you've got to 409 00:25:44,840 --> 00:25:47,840 Speaker 1: really tense your muscles. Not with the bat you would 410 00:25:48,160 --> 00:25:50,000 Speaker 1: if you were doing that. This is the fact of 411 00:25:50,040 --> 00:25:52,320 Speaker 1: the show for me. I think you should take it. Well. 412 00:25:53,200 --> 00:25:55,200 Speaker 1: You're right. If I was hanging upside down, I would 413 00:25:55,240 --> 00:25:59,600 Speaker 1: not last very long because second A, I would be clinched. Well, 414 00:26:00,000 --> 00:26:02,200 Speaker 1: we couldn't even hang upside down because we'd be using 415 00:26:02,200 --> 00:26:04,320 Speaker 1: our hands and all the blood would rush to your 416 00:26:04,359 --> 00:26:06,399 Speaker 1: head too, and you just pass out. It would be 417 00:26:06,440 --> 00:26:08,919 Speaker 1: really uncomfortable, That's right. But what would happen if we 418 00:26:08,920 --> 00:26:10,560 Speaker 1: were to try to do that, or like to try 419 00:26:10,560 --> 00:26:13,200 Speaker 1: to do a pull up, let's say, is we would 420 00:26:13,440 --> 00:26:16,720 Speaker 1: you know, clench our fists around something which contracts muscles, 421 00:26:16,800 --> 00:26:20,320 Speaker 1: which h or attached to your fingers by tendons. It's 422 00:26:20,359 --> 00:26:26,000 Speaker 1: all one big uh, connection, series of connections. Right to 423 00:26:26,359 --> 00:26:28,560 Speaker 1: hang onto something, to class something, or to grab that 424 00:26:28,600 --> 00:26:33,600 Speaker 1: coffee cup, exactly, And you're exerting energy by by contracting 425 00:26:33,600 --> 00:26:36,119 Speaker 1: your muscle, right, that's right. With a bat, that's not 426 00:26:36,200 --> 00:26:39,280 Speaker 1: the case at all. No, their tendons are only connected 427 00:26:39,320 --> 00:26:42,800 Speaker 1: to the upper body. No muscle involve whatsoever. Right, So 428 00:26:42,840 --> 00:26:47,040 Speaker 1: when they're hanging upside down, their upper body is pulling 429 00:26:47,080 --> 00:26:51,000 Speaker 1: down on their tendons, which means their claws clothes, Yeah, 430 00:26:51,119 --> 00:26:53,960 Speaker 1: under whatever they're hanging from. Yeah, it's like it's it's 431 00:26:54,000 --> 00:26:59,239 Speaker 1: gravity coupled with just a reaction, like a literally a 432 00:26:59,240 --> 00:27:02,760 Speaker 1: physical reaction from pulling that bat will make those claws 433 00:27:02,760 --> 00:27:06,959 Speaker 1: close exactly. So it requires no energy whatsoever, right or talents, 434 00:27:07,000 --> 00:27:10,360 Speaker 1: I guess we should say, right, And but it requires 435 00:27:10,359 --> 00:27:14,639 Speaker 1: no energy none whatsoever. And bats will actually like they'll 436 00:27:14,680 --> 00:27:17,119 Speaker 1: die in that position sometimes. Yeah. So what they do 437 00:27:17,240 --> 00:27:19,400 Speaker 1: is they'll fly up to this thing. They will initially 438 00:27:19,440 --> 00:27:23,480 Speaker 1: clasp it with their claws and then relax, and when 439 00:27:23,480 --> 00:27:27,240 Speaker 1: they relax, they hang, which makes them clamp down really hard. 440 00:27:27,320 --> 00:27:29,680 Speaker 1: And like you said, when they if they die hanging there, 441 00:27:29,760 --> 00:27:31,879 Speaker 1: they will stay hanging there and they can go to sleep. 442 00:27:32,320 --> 00:27:35,800 Speaker 1: That's where they sleep so um. One of the reasons 443 00:27:35,840 --> 00:27:37,919 Speaker 1: why it's so important that a bat doesn't have to 444 00:27:37,960 --> 00:27:41,200 Speaker 1: expend any energy while it's upside down is because they're mammals, 445 00:27:41,560 --> 00:27:44,560 Speaker 1: which means that they are warm blooded, which means that 446 00:27:44,600 --> 00:27:48,560 Speaker 1: they regulate their own temperature internally, right, which requires a 447 00:27:48,560 --> 00:27:52,639 Speaker 1: lot of energy. UM. That puts bats at a particular 448 00:27:52,680 --> 00:27:56,959 Speaker 1: disadvantage because they fly, and it requires a ton of energy. 449 00:27:57,040 --> 00:28:01,439 Speaker 1: Mammals are not designed to fly. To generate the the 450 00:28:01,640 --> 00:28:05,280 Speaker 1: energy needed to fly, bats can do it, but to 451 00:28:05,520 --> 00:28:07,440 Speaker 1: do it they have to enter what's called the state 452 00:28:07,480 --> 00:28:11,960 Speaker 1: of torpor every day. And basically, while they're hanging upside down, 453 00:28:12,320 --> 00:28:16,480 Speaker 1: they get super super sleepy, and they get um so 454 00:28:16,480 --> 00:28:20,920 Speaker 1: sleepy that their metabolism starts to slow and their internal 455 00:28:21,359 --> 00:28:26,439 Speaker 1: their internal temperature falls and becomes about an equilibrium with 456 00:28:26,520 --> 00:28:30,840 Speaker 1: the external temperature. So they go from um warm blooded 457 00:28:30,880 --> 00:28:34,800 Speaker 1: to essentially cold blooded during a single day, like David 458 00:28:34,840 --> 00:28:38,760 Speaker 1: Blaine might yes if he was preparing for like some 459 00:28:38,800 --> 00:28:42,520 Speaker 1: weird stunt. They're controlling their own internal temperature and their 460 00:28:42,560 --> 00:28:45,400 Speaker 1: own metabolic rate, right. So while they're doing this, when 461 00:28:45,400 --> 00:28:49,320 Speaker 1: their metabolism slows, they're using up less energy, which means 462 00:28:49,320 --> 00:28:51,880 Speaker 1: that they're conserving it for when they fly later on 463 00:28:51,960 --> 00:28:55,000 Speaker 1: when they go hunt, which is pretty awesome. Yeah. They 464 00:28:55,000 --> 00:28:59,000 Speaker 1: can actually even hibernate some bats, yes, if they're in 465 00:28:59,000 --> 00:29:02,080 Speaker 1: a region where it calls for it, or they may 466 00:29:02,160 --> 00:29:05,920 Speaker 1: just do like birds and migrate to warmer climbs. There's 467 00:29:05,920 --> 00:29:08,280 Speaker 1: a lot of different bats and a lot of different 468 00:29:08,280 --> 00:29:12,320 Speaker 1: things that bats too. Is that going to be our 469 00:29:12,360 --> 00:29:17,440 Speaker 1: little tag this episode? Uh, all right, well let's talk 470 00:29:17,440 --> 00:29:21,000 Speaker 1: a little bat. Um. It's called this fact and fiction 471 00:29:21,080 --> 00:29:23,560 Speaker 1: since that's what this section is called in the article. 472 00:29:25,080 --> 00:29:29,000 Speaker 1: Pretty original. Um, Like we said, their leathery wings and 473 00:29:29,040 --> 00:29:33,320 Speaker 1: their weird faces and their resemblance to ghouls and demons 474 00:29:33,360 --> 00:29:37,400 Speaker 1: make them vilified. But bats are our friends because they 475 00:29:37,440 --> 00:29:42,200 Speaker 1: eat tons and tons of insects literally tons. Yeah. What 476 00:29:42,240 --> 00:29:46,400 Speaker 1: was the stat on that there's um, twelve mosquitoes in 477 00:29:46,400 --> 00:29:50,239 Speaker 1: an hour one bat. That's a little brown bat in 478 00:29:50,280 --> 00:29:53,080 Speaker 1: North America. It's the most common North American bat species 479 00:29:53,920 --> 00:29:57,280 Speaker 1: mosquitoes in an hour, Which you say, who cares, there's 480 00:29:57,560 --> 00:30:02,600 Speaker 1: trillions and trillions of mosquitoes. Well, there are a lot 481 00:30:02,640 --> 00:30:05,560 Speaker 1: of bats, that's right. Um, there's a bat cave and 482 00:30:05,560 --> 00:30:08,920 Speaker 1: and brock In cave or brack In cave, Texas that 483 00:30:08,960 --> 00:30:12,480 Speaker 1: has twenty million bats. It's a colony and every night 484 00:30:12,520 --> 00:30:16,000 Speaker 1: they eat two hundred tons of insects two hundred tons, 485 00:30:16,040 --> 00:30:19,600 Speaker 1: and a lot of those insects are um crop ruining insects. 486 00:30:19,600 --> 00:30:23,280 Speaker 1: So farmers frequently take their hats off and wave to 487 00:30:23,360 --> 00:30:27,440 Speaker 1: the bats. Hello, Hello, and something of a salute um 488 00:30:27,560 --> 00:30:29,800 Speaker 1: when the bats fly by. Yeah. Have you ever seen 489 00:30:29,840 --> 00:30:32,600 Speaker 1: a farmer do that to a bat? It's really pumping 490 00:30:32,680 --> 00:30:34,400 Speaker 1: round up in one hand and waving at the bats 491 00:30:34,400 --> 00:30:37,959 Speaker 1: in the other. You'll bring a little two d your eye. Uh. 492 00:30:38,000 --> 00:30:40,280 Speaker 1: They are plant pollinators, like we said, they will go 493 00:30:40,360 --> 00:30:43,640 Speaker 1: in and um gather nectar. And when they do this, 494 00:30:43,680 --> 00:30:46,080 Speaker 1: they get pollen on their bodies. When they fly away, 495 00:30:46,120 --> 00:30:54,640 Speaker 1: they spread that pollen. So specifically, um, they're pollinators of bananas, figs, mangoes, cashews, 496 00:30:54,720 --> 00:30:57,040 Speaker 1: and a guy. They So if you are hammered on 497 00:30:57,080 --> 00:30:59,760 Speaker 1: tequila right now, thank a bat, thank a bad And 498 00:30:59,840 --> 00:31:05,200 Speaker 1: you mentioned that um colony in Texas. In Austin, right, yeah, 499 00:31:05,280 --> 00:31:10,840 Speaker 1: under the Congress Avenue Bridge, very famous spot two. In fact, 500 00:31:10,880 --> 00:31:14,200 Speaker 1: it's a big tourist attraction. Now they've embraced so they're 501 00:31:14,240 --> 00:31:18,720 Speaker 1: bringing tourist dollars into they pollinate, they eat pest bugs, 502 00:31:19,240 --> 00:31:22,280 Speaker 1: and they bring in the tourists. I think some of 503 00:31:22,320 --> 00:31:25,640 Speaker 1: them are uber drivers as well. They're just trying to 504 00:31:25,640 --> 00:31:29,320 Speaker 1: eat out a living yep, exactly. Uh what else, Let's 505 00:31:29,320 --> 00:31:33,680 Speaker 1: talk about the guano you know. That is it's poop, 506 00:31:33,800 --> 00:31:38,000 Speaker 1: that's bat poop, and guano is very rich in nitrogen 507 00:31:38,080 --> 00:31:42,000 Speaker 1: and is a great fertilizer. And uh, not only that, 508 00:31:42,200 --> 00:31:48,000 Speaker 1: but at one point the U. S Army and even 509 00:31:48,040 --> 00:31:53,480 Speaker 1: further back, the UH Southern Army, the Confederate Army, I 510 00:31:53,520 --> 00:31:57,719 Speaker 1: believe they're called used they collected back guano to use 511 00:31:57,760 --> 00:32:00,920 Speaker 1: his gunpowder and explosives thanks check to the salt peter 512 00:32:01,040 --> 00:32:04,440 Speaker 1: from it. And I had no idea. Yeah, it actually 513 00:32:04,480 --> 00:32:08,960 Speaker 1: extended the Civil War because once all their their fortifications 514 00:32:08,960 --> 00:32:12,600 Speaker 1: were destroyed, they literally went and collected guano from bat 515 00:32:12,640 --> 00:32:16,760 Speaker 1: caves to keep making bombs. Around about bombs, but gunpowder. 516 00:32:16,960 --> 00:32:19,760 Speaker 1: And again it is also like a top notch fertilizer 517 00:32:19,800 --> 00:32:21,760 Speaker 1: that's still in use today. Like you can buy back 518 00:32:21,800 --> 00:32:27,840 Speaker 1: guano at the average nursery. Probably um and not it 519 00:32:27,880 --> 00:32:30,760 Speaker 1: wasn't back guano, but burg guano too has been used 520 00:32:30,760 --> 00:32:32,760 Speaker 1: and wars have been fought over it. It's such an 521 00:32:32,760 --> 00:32:39,080 Speaker 1: effective fertilizer and power energy source. Um. That Yeah, it's 522 00:32:39,080 --> 00:32:45,160 Speaker 1: pretty interesting, so go read um. I can't remember talks 523 00:32:45,200 --> 00:32:49,440 Speaker 1: about this. Um. On the on the scarier side, though, 524 00:32:49,480 --> 00:32:53,760 Speaker 1: you did mention vampire bats and they do feed on blood. Um, 525 00:32:53,800 --> 00:32:55,960 Speaker 1: but this article is keen to point out that they 526 00:32:56,000 --> 00:33:00,000 Speaker 1: are not bloodthirsty man hunters. Uh, they will know they're 527 00:33:00,040 --> 00:33:03,080 Speaker 1: man stalkers. The lead a cow. They when I say 528 00:33:03,080 --> 00:33:05,200 Speaker 1: eat a cow, they won't eat a cow. No, they 529 00:33:05,320 --> 00:33:07,400 Speaker 1: You cow didn't even you know, it didn't hurt the 530 00:33:07,400 --> 00:33:10,200 Speaker 1: cow that much, right, No, unless the cow contracts an 531 00:33:10,200 --> 00:33:13,640 Speaker 1: infection or something from it. Yeah. The vampire bats usually 532 00:33:13,720 --> 00:33:16,160 Speaker 1: need about one to two tablespoons of blood and night, 533 00:33:16,360 --> 00:33:19,200 Speaker 1: which you can easily get from a cow without any 534 00:33:19,240 --> 00:33:21,360 Speaker 1: harm to the cow as far as blood loss goes, right, 535 00:33:22,000 --> 00:33:24,160 Speaker 1: and the cow typically doesn't even know what's going on 536 00:33:24,480 --> 00:33:28,640 Speaker 1: because the vampire bats have very sharp teeth that um, 537 00:33:28,880 --> 00:33:31,720 Speaker 1: don't really make much of a sensation going in, and 538 00:33:31,800 --> 00:33:35,160 Speaker 1: the saliva has an anticoagulant in it, so the blood 539 00:33:35,200 --> 00:33:37,560 Speaker 1: just kind of trickles out and keeps coming and then 540 00:33:37,600 --> 00:33:42,520 Speaker 1: the vampire bat flies away. Um. Well, what's interesting about them, though, 541 00:33:42,560 --> 00:33:45,120 Speaker 1: is they don't fly onto you, They fly near you, 542 00:33:45,440 --> 00:33:49,200 Speaker 1: and then they stalk you on all fours, which makes 543 00:33:49,240 --> 00:33:53,800 Speaker 1: it super creepy, even though I love that. A crawling 544 00:33:53,840 --> 00:33:55,800 Speaker 1: bat with those wings is a little creepy coming to 545 00:33:55,840 --> 00:33:59,480 Speaker 1: suck your blood. Yeah, yeah, or no, it's not sucking blood. Remember, 546 00:33:59,480 --> 00:34:03,920 Speaker 1: it's an anti coagulant, so it just opens lapping up blood. Apparently. 547 00:34:04,000 --> 00:34:07,920 Speaker 1: They also have a cool little um organ in their nose. 548 00:34:08,480 --> 00:34:10,960 Speaker 1: It's like a heat sensing organ, so they can find 549 00:34:11,000 --> 00:34:15,600 Speaker 1: like where the blood is closest to the skin and 550 00:34:15,640 --> 00:34:25,120 Speaker 1: then go. Uh, let's talk about reproduction for a second. Um. 551 00:34:25,160 --> 00:34:30,000 Speaker 1: They reproduce typically only once a year of battery production. Yeah, 552 00:34:30,000 --> 00:34:32,879 Speaker 1: oh you thought of it, just like us. I thought 553 00:34:32,880 --> 00:34:38,320 Speaker 1: you're about to seeing salt and pepper. Um. They reproduce 554 00:34:38,360 --> 00:34:42,439 Speaker 1: typically only once a year, and that makes them it's tough. 555 00:34:42,480 --> 00:34:45,520 Speaker 1: They're some of the least producing mammals in the world. Yeah, 556 00:34:45,520 --> 00:34:49,879 Speaker 1: they produced one baby a year on average. Something can 557 00:34:49,920 --> 00:34:53,719 Speaker 1: reproduce more, but not that doesn't happen that much. They're 558 00:34:53,719 --> 00:34:59,240 Speaker 1: called pups, which is very cute. Pup the mother's body weight, 559 00:34:59,600 --> 00:35:03,400 Speaker 1: which is remarkable because they often nurse while the mothers 560 00:35:03,440 --> 00:35:05,560 Speaker 1: flying around. Yeah, so that would be like a hundred 561 00:35:05,600 --> 00:35:08,239 Speaker 1: and twenty pound woman having a thirty pound baby just 562 00:35:08,280 --> 00:35:12,439 Speaker 1: attached to her while she's flying exactly. Uh. They live, 563 00:35:12,520 --> 00:35:14,799 Speaker 1: like we said, in large colonies and um so it's 564 00:35:14,840 --> 00:35:18,480 Speaker 1: not hard to find a mate. But once the females 565 00:35:18,480 --> 00:35:22,000 Speaker 1: get pregnant, they tend to form a maternal colony, a 566 00:35:22,000 --> 00:35:24,920 Speaker 1: maternity colony within the colony. That's pretty neat. Yeah, and 567 00:35:24,960 --> 00:35:28,799 Speaker 1: apparently the bats are very altruistic, like they've recorded um 568 00:35:28,920 --> 00:35:32,800 Speaker 1: acts of bats going and bringing food back for bats 569 00:35:32,840 --> 00:35:36,560 Speaker 1: who are sick in in the colony. Yeah, that's pretty neat. 570 00:35:36,640 --> 00:35:39,560 Speaker 1: That's pretty You don't find that very often in nature, No, 571 00:35:39,800 --> 00:35:43,879 Speaker 1: not even with man right in many cases. Yeah, uh 572 00:35:43,920 --> 00:35:46,239 Speaker 1: so they'll form that little maternity colony, which is super 573 00:35:46,239 --> 00:35:48,120 Speaker 1: sweet because the men don't really stick around and help 574 00:35:48,200 --> 00:35:50,600 Speaker 1: raise the young. Evidently they just do their thing and 575 00:35:50,600 --> 00:35:55,440 Speaker 1: they're gone. Um and apparently the colonies are men tend 576 00:35:55,520 --> 00:35:57,239 Speaker 1: to hang out with men, and women tend to hang 577 00:35:57,239 --> 00:36:01,040 Speaker 1: out with women. Anyway, it's like an eighth grade dancing there. Absolutely. 578 00:36:02,040 --> 00:36:04,800 Speaker 1: Uh So what happens is that the women care for 579 00:36:04,840 --> 00:36:06,440 Speaker 1: their offspring for a while, but they don't have a 580 00:36:06,440 --> 00:36:09,120 Speaker 1: whole lot of time to do it. Um. About six 581 00:36:09,160 --> 00:36:11,200 Speaker 1: weeks to four months, and then the bat is fully 582 00:36:11,280 --> 00:36:14,840 Speaker 1: independent and can fly on its own, which is great. 583 00:36:15,320 --> 00:36:18,000 Speaker 1: And uh, this is the second fact of the podcast 584 00:36:18,080 --> 00:36:22,480 Speaker 1: to me. The female bat is so smart. They can 585 00:36:22,560 --> 00:36:28,719 Speaker 1: delay they're uh, they can delay their fertilization based on 586 00:36:28,840 --> 00:36:31,720 Speaker 1: like the best time to have a baby bat. Yeah, 587 00:36:31,760 --> 00:36:35,600 Speaker 1: so they can have the sex in the fall and 588 00:36:36,000 --> 00:36:40,279 Speaker 1: hold that sperm, uh, and release the sperm to meet 589 00:36:40,320 --> 00:36:45,000 Speaker 1: the eggs like six months later in the spring. Isn't 590 00:36:45,040 --> 00:36:48,120 Speaker 1: that amazing? They've learned to actually control their own cycle, 591 00:36:48,360 --> 00:36:51,560 Speaker 1: have some serious world power. Well, they want to survive, 592 00:36:51,640 --> 00:36:54,600 Speaker 1: you know, they are ultimate survivors. You know, bats have 593 00:36:54,960 --> 00:36:57,600 Speaker 1: um a real problem facing them right now, chuck with 594 00:36:57,640 --> 00:37:00,759 Speaker 1: white nose fungus. I know. And this is sort of uh, 595 00:37:01,560 --> 00:37:03,120 Speaker 1: well it's not only a threat, but it's a bit 596 00:37:03,120 --> 00:37:06,680 Speaker 1: of a mystery, isn't it. Like why it's so widespread 597 00:37:06,680 --> 00:37:09,680 Speaker 1: all of a sudden, Well, it's just spreading like wildfire, 598 00:37:09,680 --> 00:37:13,200 Speaker 1: in part because back colonies are so huddled and close together. 599 00:37:13,800 --> 00:37:16,480 Speaker 1: From what I understand, it's just the ones that hibernate 600 00:37:16,640 --> 00:37:20,480 Speaker 1: that are having the problem because this white nose fungus 601 00:37:20,560 --> 00:37:22,360 Speaker 1: it is like a it's a fungus that grows on 602 00:37:22,400 --> 00:37:27,279 Speaker 1: their nose, and apparently the itch makes the bats that 603 00:37:27,320 --> 00:37:31,239 Speaker 1: are hibernating wake up, and when they wake up, they're 604 00:37:31,239 --> 00:37:34,680 Speaker 1: in big trouble because an animal that hibernates has just 605 00:37:34,840 --> 00:37:37,360 Speaker 1: enough energy store to make it through the hibernation period. 606 00:37:37,480 --> 00:37:40,680 Speaker 1: If they wake up and blow a bunch of energy, 607 00:37:40,760 --> 00:37:43,200 Speaker 1: like bringing their metabolism and body heat back up to 608 00:37:43,280 --> 00:37:46,160 Speaker 1: normal levels, and then try to go back into hibernation, 609 00:37:46,320 --> 00:37:49,840 Speaker 1: they'll starve to death before the winner's over. So this 610 00:37:49,920 --> 00:37:53,480 Speaker 1: white fungus grows on their noses and other parts, but 611 00:37:53,520 --> 00:37:55,879 Speaker 1: typically on the nose and wakes them up, and then 612 00:37:55,920 --> 00:37:58,160 Speaker 1: they spend all their energy and end up dying or 613 00:37:58,239 --> 00:38:01,239 Speaker 1: they die from exposure to these winter temperatures of that 614 00:38:01,320 --> 00:38:05,600 Speaker 1: kind of thing. Yeah, and apparently it is really deadly, 615 00:38:05,840 --> 00:38:10,920 Speaker 1: like some hybernaculus, which is like a hibernating colony, have 616 00:38:11,120 --> 00:38:14,120 Speaker 1: like ninety to a hundred percent mortality rate when white 617 00:38:14,200 --> 00:38:16,959 Speaker 1: white nose fungus gets ahold of them. Holy cow. Yeah, 618 00:38:17,000 --> 00:38:18,920 Speaker 1: and it's a real problem. They don't know how to 619 00:38:18,960 --> 00:38:22,520 Speaker 1: stop it. Well. Another real problem is in places, uh 620 00:38:22,600 --> 00:38:26,640 Speaker 1: some parts of South America when there's a rabies um 621 00:38:26,880 --> 00:38:29,759 Speaker 1: fear going around like an outbreak in the town. They 622 00:38:29,800 --> 00:38:33,000 Speaker 1: will bomb a cave full of bats, blow it up. 623 00:38:33,080 --> 00:38:35,920 Speaker 1: That will blow it up. And let's say there's a 624 00:38:36,000 --> 00:38:39,560 Speaker 1: hundred thousand bats in there and uh point five percent 625 00:38:39,600 --> 00:38:43,280 Speaker 1: of those have rabies, so that's five hundred rabid bats. 626 00:38:43,600 --> 00:38:46,359 Speaker 1: They're killing off a hundred thousand, and then they're like, 627 00:38:46,560 --> 00:38:49,359 Speaker 1: what's up with all these mosquitoes, why don't have malaria? Well, 628 00:38:49,480 --> 00:38:52,319 Speaker 1: either that or the bats. They go after the ones 629 00:38:52,360 --> 00:38:54,560 Speaker 1: they can easily find in caves, which are the ones 630 00:38:54,600 --> 00:38:57,239 Speaker 1: that pollinate. They're not even vampire bats, so they're not 631 00:38:57,280 --> 00:39:00,279 Speaker 1: getting rabies from them anyway. So they're killing a bunch 632 00:39:00,320 --> 00:39:04,319 Speaker 1: of bats that aren't spreading rabies at all, and that 633 00:39:04,360 --> 00:39:07,920 Speaker 1: actually are right. But most pollinating bats don't come in 634 00:39:08,120 --> 00:39:10,840 Speaker 1: contact with humans. The vampire bats are the ones you 635 00:39:10,840 --> 00:39:14,000 Speaker 1: would have to really worry about catching rabies from. So 636 00:39:14,040 --> 00:39:16,280 Speaker 1: they're not even getting the ones that are spreading the rabies. 637 00:39:16,760 --> 00:39:21,360 Speaker 1: Just misinformation. There's one more threat from humans that started 638 00:39:21,400 --> 00:39:24,359 Speaker 1: to come to shape and fruition but didn't fully Back 639 00:39:24,360 --> 00:39:26,400 Speaker 1: in World War two, did you hear about bat bombs? 640 00:39:28,480 --> 00:39:31,799 Speaker 1: So there was a dude in the US who had 641 00:39:31,800 --> 00:39:35,720 Speaker 1: this great idea and it was an attaching incendiary bombs 642 00:39:35,760 --> 00:39:39,160 Speaker 1: to bats and then releasing the bats in Japan. That's 643 00:39:39,200 --> 00:39:42,200 Speaker 1: pretty good idea. So this guy apparently had the ear 644 00:39:42,320 --> 00:39:46,000 Speaker 1: of and I've read this in an Atlantic article. Um, 645 00:39:46,040 --> 00:39:48,239 Speaker 1: this guy had the ear of Eleanor Roosevelt. And it 646 00:39:48,360 --> 00:39:51,600 Speaker 1: ended up becoming like an army research project that went 647 00:39:51,640 --> 00:39:54,600 Speaker 1: far enough along that there were mishaps, like, uh, an 648 00:39:54,640 --> 00:39:58,160 Speaker 1: airplane hangar blew up because some bats got released prematurely. 649 00:39:58,680 --> 00:40:02,040 Speaker 1: A general's car blew up for the same reason. Um, 650 00:40:02,080 --> 00:40:04,560 Speaker 1: And it almost happened, and then they just dropped it. 651 00:40:04,800 --> 00:40:07,319 Speaker 1: What did Eleanor Roosevelt have to do with it? Well, 652 00:40:07,400 --> 00:40:09,560 Speaker 1: she was the the first lady at the time. Well, 653 00:40:09,600 --> 00:40:12,960 Speaker 1: I know, but since when the first ladies not could 654 00:40:13,040 --> 00:40:15,640 Speaker 1: like work with education and nutrition, like when she like, 655 00:40:15,840 --> 00:40:21,080 Speaker 1: how about bombats? Eleanor Roosevelt definitely was seated at the 656 00:40:21,200 --> 00:40:23,480 Speaker 1: right hand of the seed of power. She was a 657 00:40:23,520 --> 00:40:28,080 Speaker 1: sharp lady. Crazy Yeah, bat bombs. She wasn't that sharp. 658 00:40:28,560 --> 00:40:31,279 Speaker 1: She thought that was a good idea. I have the 659 00:40:31,280 --> 00:40:34,279 Speaker 1: impression that she was doing it as a favor, like 660 00:40:34,360 --> 00:40:38,360 Speaker 1: getting this guy entree to sure the army that the 661 00:40:38,480 --> 00:40:44,800 Speaker 1: war room. Yeah, so that's Eleanor Roosevelt. You got anything else? Nope. 662 00:40:45,200 --> 00:40:46,960 Speaker 1: If you want to know more about bats, you can 663 00:40:47,000 --> 00:40:49,399 Speaker 1: type that word into the search bar at how stuff 664 00:40:49,440 --> 00:40:53,080 Speaker 1: works dot com and again go look up bat eating 665 00:40:53,120 --> 00:40:56,879 Speaker 1: a banana. It's so adorable, yeah, or little baby bat 666 00:40:56,920 --> 00:40:59,319 Speaker 1: burritos they have like the nurseries with a bunch of them, 667 00:40:59,320 --> 00:41:02,320 Speaker 1: like nursing on bottles and wrapped up in little swaddles. 668 00:41:02,320 --> 00:41:05,440 Speaker 1: So cute, very cute. Uh. And since I said adorable, 669 00:41:05,520 --> 00:41:10,520 Speaker 1: it's time for listener mail. I'm gonna call this one 670 00:41:10,520 --> 00:41:13,400 Speaker 1: of the ten people that saw us perform in Washington 671 00:41:13,440 --> 00:41:16,680 Speaker 1: Square Park. Oh yeah, the ten yep, So they get 672 00:41:16,680 --> 00:41:18,680 Speaker 1: in any one of you if you email us, I'll 673 00:41:18,719 --> 00:41:23,160 Speaker 1: read it on the air. All of them are missing time. Uh. 674 00:41:23,400 --> 00:41:25,800 Speaker 1: Long time listener and fan here guys introduced my boyfriend 675 00:41:25,800 --> 00:41:28,279 Speaker 1: to the podcast as well. You saved many hours of 676 00:41:28,320 --> 00:41:30,760 Speaker 1: boardom on road trips. Have to say the recent episode 677 00:41:30,760 --> 00:41:34,040 Speaker 1: about how Nazis attempted to invade Long Island in Florida 678 00:41:34,080 --> 00:41:35,680 Speaker 1: was one of my favorites ever. We've got a lot 679 00:41:35,680 --> 00:41:38,400 Speaker 1: of great response from that one. By the way, I 680 00:41:38,440 --> 00:41:40,800 Speaker 1: lived in New York City for eight years now and 681 00:41:40,880 --> 00:41:45,719 Speaker 1: spent a lovely summer days on uh a mag Magonset, 682 00:41:45,840 --> 00:41:52,440 Speaker 1: beach Amaganset. Jeez. Yeah, so the thought of a U 683 00:41:52,520 --> 00:41:55,680 Speaker 1: boat rolling up there and depositing German spies with plans 684 00:41:55,719 --> 00:41:59,120 Speaker 1: to attack New York is particularly chilling. My boyfriend and 685 00:41:59,120 --> 00:42:01,719 Speaker 1: I attended your show in Washington Square Park and your 686 00:42:01,719 --> 00:42:03,960 Speaker 1: big live show in New York City this summer, and 687 00:42:04,160 --> 00:42:06,359 Speaker 1: the latter is why I'm writing. I felt you, um 688 00:42:06,520 --> 00:42:08,479 Speaker 1: should know, as a result of the topic you chose 689 00:42:08,960 --> 00:42:11,200 Speaker 1: for the show, you cost me several nights of kitchen 690 00:42:11,239 --> 00:42:13,759 Speaker 1: clean up duty. Before the show, we were grabbing drinks 691 00:42:13,840 --> 00:42:16,880 Speaker 1: next door, and uh decided to make things interesting with 692 00:42:16,880 --> 00:42:18,480 Speaker 1: a little bit as to what the topic would be. 693 00:42:19,280 --> 00:42:21,840 Speaker 1: We came up with six possible categories. We thought it 694 00:42:21,880 --> 00:42:25,960 Speaker 1: could fall into biology, geography, history, physics, current events, and 695 00:42:26,080 --> 00:42:30,480 Speaker 1: political social Uh it could have fallen into three of those. Yeah, 696 00:42:30,560 --> 00:42:32,160 Speaker 1: and uh, we're not going to reveal it here, by 697 00:42:32,200 --> 00:42:35,160 Speaker 1: the way, people, because we're touring that same show at 698 00:42:35,239 --> 00:42:37,719 Speaker 1: least one more go around in this fall. And so 699 00:42:38,000 --> 00:42:39,640 Speaker 1: if you have seen the show, we're gonna say this 700 00:42:39,719 --> 00:42:43,879 Speaker 1: again and again, don't come again unless you just want to. Yeah, 701 00:42:44,440 --> 00:42:47,200 Speaker 1: some people you know, like uh follow the Grateful Dead 702 00:42:47,280 --> 00:42:49,919 Speaker 1: or fish around see the same show. No, they play 703 00:42:49,960 --> 00:42:51,480 Speaker 1: a different show every night, and that's why they fall 704 00:42:51,600 --> 00:42:54,440 Speaker 1: him around. Well, not completely different every night and pretty 705 00:42:54,520 --> 00:42:58,839 Speaker 1: much different. That's impossible. No, I mean like they played 706 00:42:58,880 --> 00:43:01,520 Speaker 1: a different show every night. Well, they might alter songs, 707 00:43:01,560 --> 00:43:03,480 Speaker 1: but there's not that they don't have three thousand songs. 708 00:43:03,960 --> 00:43:05,640 Speaker 1: They have a lot of songs. These people see them 709 00:43:05,719 --> 00:43:09,759 Speaker 1: hundreds of nights in a row. Yeah, all right, Well 710 00:43:09,760 --> 00:43:11,560 Speaker 1: maybe we have some stuff heads that want to follow 711 00:43:11,640 --> 00:43:15,279 Speaker 1: us around. Yeah, they're all like driving around in vans. Yeah, 712 00:43:15,400 --> 00:43:18,880 Speaker 1: we mixed our show up a little bit. All right. 713 00:43:19,000 --> 00:43:22,239 Speaker 1: I think that's a good public announcement though, Like, yes, 714 00:43:22,640 --> 00:43:26,200 Speaker 1: what you just did? So we scribbled these down on napkin. 715 00:43:26,480 --> 00:43:29,480 Speaker 1: Did the draft style selection? Uh went back and forth 716 00:43:29,520 --> 00:43:31,560 Speaker 1: picking categories at a feeling I was confident with my 717 00:43:31,680 --> 00:43:35,239 Speaker 1: chances for the moment you announced the topic, blank, I 718 00:43:35,320 --> 00:43:40,320 Speaker 1: knew I'd lost. He had political, social, and current events. 719 00:43:40,480 --> 00:43:42,960 Speaker 1: So that's a bit of a hint. Yes it's not 720 00:43:43,080 --> 00:43:47,279 Speaker 1: biology anyway, Guys who really enjoyed the live shows and 721 00:43:47,320 --> 00:43:49,400 Speaker 1: hope you come back to New York soon. And that 722 00:43:49,600 --> 00:43:56,160 Speaker 1: is from Natalie bright Back and her boyfriend Hagen. Really yeah, 723 00:43:56,600 --> 00:43:59,880 Speaker 1: Hoggen h a g. A. N. Hagan I worked for 724 00:44:00,000 --> 00:44:04,120 Speaker 1: with Hagen right, Uh, I would say it should be 725 00:44:04,200 --> 00:44:06,440 Speaker 1: Haggen and if they got married, he should take her 726 00:44:06,520 --> 00:44:09,799 Speaker 1: last name and beggen Breitbach. That's a good one. That's 727 00:44:09,840 --> 00:44:12,560 Speaker 1: a great name. That it sounds like there's oom lots 728 00:44:12,600 --> 00:44:16,040 Speaker 1: all over the place. Uh. Well, if you want to 729 00:44:16,080 --> 00:44:17,520 Speaker 1: get in touch with us to let us know how 730 00:44:17,560 --> 00:44:20,239 Speaker 1: great you thought our show is or how excited you 731 00:44:20,320 --> 00:44:22,680 Speaker 1: are about seeing our show, we would like to hear 732 00:44:22,760 --> 00:44:25,120 Speaker 1: from you. You can tweet to us that that's why 733 00:44:25,280 --> 00:44:27,640 Speaker 1: sk podcast. You can join us on Facebook, dot com, 734 00:44:28,200 --> 00:44:30,239 Speaker 1: slash stuff you Should Know. You can send us an 735 00:44:30,239 --> 00:44:32,680 Speaker 1: email to Stuff Podcast at how stuff works dot com 736 00:44:32,960 --> 00:44:34,799 Speaker 1: and has always joined us at our home on the web, 737 00:44:35,200 --> 00:44:42,640 Speaker 1: Stuff you should Know dot com for more on this 738 00:44:42,840 --> 00:44:45,319 Speaker 1: and thousands of other topics because it how stuff Works 739 00:44:45,360 --> 00:44:45,759 Speaker 1: dot com