1 00:00:03,160 --> 00:00:07,960 Speaker 1: This is Bloomberg Law with June Bresso from Bloomberg Radio. 2 00:00:11,200 --> 00:00:14,840 Speaker 1: Frustration with the pace of the Johnstice Department's investigation into 3 00:00:14,840 --> 00:00:18,560 Speaker 1: the January sixth attack on the Capitol has spilled over 4 00:00:18,640 --> 00:00:23,040 Speaker 1: into public criticism, including this direct message in March for 5 00:00:23,160 --> 00:00:29,040 Speaker 1: Attorney General Merrick Garland from Democratic Congresswoman Elaine Luria. Attorney 6 00:00:29,080 --> 00:00:33,720 Speaker 1: General Garland, do your job so that we can do ours. 7 00:00:34,040 --> 00:00:38,240 Speaker 1: And a federal judge, David Carter, has basically given prosecutors 8 00:00:38,320 --> 00:00:41,320 Speaker 1: a blueprint for how they can indict the former president 9 00:00:41,640 --> 00:00:44,800 Speaker 1: and wrote, based on the evidence, the court finds it 10 00:00:44,880 --> 00:00:48,680 Speaker 1: more likely than not that President Trump corruptly attempted to 11 00:00:48,760 --> 00:00:54,240 Speaker 1: obstruct the joint session of Congress on January six. It's 12 00:00:54,240 --> 00:00:56,800 Speaker 1: been a year and a half since thousands of Trump 13 00:00:56,880 --> 00:01:00,840 Speaker 1: die hards overran the capital, and the House is January six. 14 00:01:00,880 --> 00:01:04,600 Speaker 1: Committee will hold hearings in primetime Thursday. But as far 15 00:01:04,680 --> 00:01:08,840 Speaker 1: as the Justice Department's massive investigation into the most serious 16 00:01:08,880 --> 00:01:13,160 Speaker 1: attack on American democracy in the modern era, seventeen months 17 00:01:13,200 --> 00:01:17,800 Speaker 1: in and prosecutors have scored relatively few felony convictions and 18 00:01:17,840 --> 00:01:21,840 Speaker 1: face growing pressure to go after higher level targets, including 19 00:01:21,880 --> 00:01:25,920 Speaker 1: the organizers and the former president himself. However, there are 20 00:01:26,000 --> 00:01:30,080 Speaker 1: indications that the investigation is entering a more aggressive phase 21 00:01:30,400 --> 00:01:34,959 Speaker 1: with respect to potential felonies committed by lawyers and organizers 22 00:01:35,000 --> 00:01:39,399 Speaker 1: ahead of January six to stop the vote certification. Joining 23 00:01:39,440 --> 00:01:43,080 Speaker 1: me is Chris Strom Bloomberg Legal Reporter. Give a sort 24 00:01:43,080 --> 00:01:47,000 Speaker 1: of the scorecard for the investigation so far. You know 25 00:01:47,040 --> 00:01:51,360 Speaker 1: how many prosecutions, how many convictions? Give a sort of 26 00:01:51,400 --> 00:01:55,360 Speaker 1: the scorecard for the investigation so far. You know how 27 00:01:55,400 --> 00:02:01,240 Speaker 1: many prosecutions, how many convictions. The investigation has been criticized 28 00:02:01,280 --> 00:02:04,080 Speaker 1: for moving at the glacial pace, and I think the 29 00:02:04,160 --> 00:02:07,600 Speaker 1: statistics back up some of the criticism. So far, as 30 00:02:07,600 --> 00:02:10,640 Speaker 1: the Department has brought charges against about eight hundred and 31 00:02:10,680 --> 00:02:14,560 Speaker 1: fifty individuals, but by far most of the charges are 32 00:02:14,840 --> 00:02:18,480 Speaker 1: for misdemeanors on the day of January six, such as, 33 00:02:18,520 --> 00:02:22,400 Speaker 1: you know, illegally entering the Capitol building, as opposed to 34 00:02:22,760 --> 00:02:27,480 Speaker 1: any kind of major offenses like felony offenses. Those offenses 35 00:02:27,520 --> 00:02:30,760 Speaker 1: are much more limited in terms of the charges that 36 00:02:30,840 --> 00:02:34,440 Speaker 1: the Department is bringing. So far, the department has charged 37 00:02:34,639 --> 00:02:39,720 Speaker 1: about two hundred fifty people with assaulting or resisting officers, 38 00:02:39,880 --> 00:02:42,600 Speaker 1: which is one of the most serious charges that has 39 00:02:42,639 --> 00:02:46,000 Speaker 1: been brought. In terms of resolutions to some of these cases, 40 00:02:46,200 --> 00:02:50,080 Speaker 1: two hundred fifty people have pleaded guilty to misdemeanors and 41 00:02:50,560 --> 00:02:55,040 Speaker 1: sixty impleatly guilty to felony. In terms of sentencing, by far, 42 00:02:55,280 --> 00:03:00,160 Speaker 1: most people are getting probation or finds that are very limited, 43 00:03:00,440 --> 00:03:04,680 Speaker 1: and the most serious punishment so far has gone to 44 00:03:04,800 --> 00:03:09,080 Speaker 1: one person who was sentenced to about five years in prison, 45 00:03:09,200 --> 00:03:12,880 Speaker 1: So that's a significant prison sentence, but that's an exception. 46 00:03:13,120 --> 00:03:16,680 Speaker 1: It's believed that two thousand to two thousand people are 47 00:03:16,760 --> 00:03:19,480 Speaker 1: ultimately going to be charged, but the Department has only 48 00:03:19,520 --> 00:03:22,440 Speaker 1: brought charges against eight hundred and fifty people so far, 49 00:03:22,760 --> 00:03:27,200 Speaker 1: and there's been no charges brought for the potentially criminal 50 00:03:27,320 --> 00:03:31,880 Speaker 1: activities that were taking place before January six by former 51 00:03:31,919 --> 00:03:36,720 Speaker 1: President Trump and his lawyers and his inner circle in 52 00:03:36,840 --> 00:03:41,560 Speaker 1: terms of bringing charges related to creating false electors or 53 00:03:41,680 --> 00:03:46,440 Speaker 1: trying to alter vote, or organizing and fundraising to prevent 54 00:03:46,520 --> 00:03:51,320 Speaker 1: the certification of the election. Attorney General Merrick Garland has said, 55 00:03:51,760 --> 00:03:55,360 Speaker 1: I think several times that they're going to follow the 56 00:03:55,440 --> 00:03:58,960 Speaker 1: evidence wherever it leads, but there seems to be no 57 00:03:59,120 --> 00:04:04,400 Speaker 1: confidence that they will pursue the former president, if that's 58 00:04:04,400 --> 00:04:07,880 Speaker 1: where the evidence leads, well, there's an interesting dichotomy that 59 00:04:07,960 --> 00:04:12,840 Speaker 1: that's happening with the investigation now. The charges against people 60 00:04:12,920 --> 00:04:17,039 Speaker 1: who had stormed the capital in January six are moving very, 61 00:04:17,160 --> 00:04:22,120 Speaker 1: very slow and have seemed to stagnate. But the investigative 62 00:04:22,160 --> 00:04:26,160 Speaker 1: activity against the small group of people who were part 63 00:04:26,200 --> 00:04:30,720 Speaker 1: of Trump's inner circle who were working to overturn the election, 64 00:04:31,080 --> 00:04:34,919 Speaker 1: the investigative activity against them is actually increasing at a 65 00:04:34,920 --> 00:04:38,920 Speaker 1: greater pace. The Justice Department has started issuing grand jury 66 00:04:39,000 --> 00:04:43,599 Speaker 1: subpoenas for information about organizing and fundraising activities in the 67 00:04:43,680 --> 00:04:47,720 Speaker 1: days before January six, about efforts to create false electors 68 00:04:47,880 --> 00:04:52,360 Speaker 1: in key states, and the Justice Department is now increasing 69 00:04:52,560 --> 00:04:55,840 Speaker 1: the pace of the investigation in the amount of investigative 70 00:04:55,880 --> 00:05:01,279 Speaker 1: activity into the actions of Trump and the key people 71 00:05:01,600 --> 00:05:04,279 Speaker 1: that we're working with Trump to try to overturn the election. 72 00:05:05,080 --> 00:05:08,960 Speaker 1: Deputy Attorney General Lisa Monico said, it's the most complex 73 00:05:09,000 --> 00:05:14,640 Speaker 1: and wide ranging investigation that I've seen in the Department's history. 74 00:05:14,640 --> 00:05:19,360 Speaker 1: Why so so current and former law enforcement officials, including 75 00:05:19,440 --> 00:05:24,160 Speaker 1: police of Monico will say that the volume of material 76 00:05:24,279 --> 00:05:26,200 Speaker 1: that has to be sorted through in order to bring 77 00:05:26,240 --> 00:05:31,599 Speaker 1: criminal charges is immense they are looking through terabytes of 78 00:05:31,839 --> 00:05:38,679 Speaker 1: data that includes surveillance footage, that includes mobile device location history, 79 00:05:38,720 --> 00:05:43,480 Speaker 1: that includes social media activity, and they have to piece 80 00:05:43,520 --> 00:05:47,800 Speaker 1: together these disparate pieces of information and connect them to 81 00:05:48,360 --> 00:05:53,720 Speaker 1: an individual who they positively identify in order to bring 82 00:05:53,800 --> 00:05:57,400 Speaker 1: charges against one person. And so just bringing charges against 83 00:05:57,400 --> 00:06:00,960 Speaker 1: one person for something they did on January six is 84 00:06:01,040 --> 00:06:05,120 Speaker 1: a complex process that investigators have to go through because 85 00:06:05,279 --> 00:06:08,880 Speaker 1: they need to bring charges that they believe they will 86 00:06:08,880 --> 00:06:11,400 Speaker 1: be able to prove in court to a jury and 87 00:06:11,400 --> 00:06:14,880 Speaker 1: that will withstand the criticism of judges and defense lawyers. 88 00:06:14,960 --> 00:06:18,160 Speaker 1: So the amount of material in order to bring charges 89 00:06:18,839 --> 00:06:23,320 Speaker 1: is significant for the activity on January six. And then 90 00:06:23,360 --> 00:06:27,880 Speaker 1: when you add in the additional investigative activity to look 91 00:06:27,920 --> 00:06:29,720 Speaker 1: at what was happening in the days and weeks leading 92 00:06:29,760 --> 00:06:33,839 Speaker 1: up to January six with efforts to prevent the certification 93 00:06:33,880 --> 00:06:36,320 Speaker 1: of the election and overturn the results of the election, 94 00:06:36,600 --> 00:06:39,520 Speaker 1: that is a whole another can of worms that the 95 00:06:39,560 --> 00:06:43,640 Speaker 1: Department is undertaking now, which includes grand jury subpoenas to 96 00:06:43,680 --> 00:06:49,920 Speaker 1: get information about activities and communications that Trump and Trump 97 00:06:49,960 --> 00:06:53,719 Speaker 1: allies and Trump lawyers were doing. And so the Department 98 00:06:54,000 --> 00:06:57,840 Speaker 1: is only really beginning that second process of getting at 99 00:06:58,120 --> 00:07:02,359 Speaker 1: information related to the activities that were taking place in 100 00:07:02,360 --> 00:07:06,320 Speaker 1: the days and weeks before January six, and the Department 101 00:07:06,320 --> 00:07:10,760 Speaker 1: has to collect that information and is facing resistance from 102 00:07:10,840 --> 00:07:13,560 Speaker 1: some of the people who are being subpoenas, and so 103 00:07:13,680 --> 00:07:16,880 Speaker 1: the Department has to go to court in order to 104 00:07:16,920 --> 00:07:21,160 Speaker 1: try to win rulings to force people to turn over 105 00:07:21,160 --> 00:07:24,040 Speaker 1: that information. And then the department has to use that 106 00:07:24,120 --> 00:07:27,400 Speaker 1: information and sort through it and determine what, if any, 107 00:07:27,440 --> 00:07:31,200 Speaker 1: criminal charges can actually be brought again with the standard 108 00:07:31,480 --> 00:07:35,280 Speaker 1: of proving to a jury that crimes were committed. So 109 00:07:35,640 --> 00:07:39,520 Speaker 1: in totality, the amount of information and the activity of 110 00:07:39,560 --> 00:07:44,280 Speaker 1: the investigation is what people describe as the most significant 111 00:07:44,320 --> 00:07:48,080 Speaker 1: undertaking that the Department has ever has ever done. While 112 00:07:48,080 --> 00:07:51,520 Speaker 1: we're on this point, do we know why the department 113 00:07:51,600 --> 00:07:58,720 Speaker 1: decided not to file charges against Mark Meadows and Dance Cavino. 114 00:07:59,200 --> 00:08:03,040 Speaker 1: So the department has provided very limited information about its 115 00:08:03,080 --> 00:08:07,520 Speaker 1: decision making process and specifically with regard to Meadows and Scavino. 116 00:08:08,160 --> 00:08:11,560 Speaker 1: The Department sent a letter to the Health Committee that 117 00:08:11,600 --> 00:08:16,400 Speaker 1: did the criminal referrals, telling the committee that a prosecution 118 00:08:16,680 --> 00:08:20,240 Speaker 1: is not is not justified because Meadows and Scoveno have 119 00:08:20,440 --> 00:08:24,280 Speaker 1: provided some cooperation to the committee and to the Department, 120 00:08:24,560 --> 00:08:29,720 Speaker 1: and also that they also have executive privileged claim and 121 00:08:29,760 --> 00:08:33,439 Speaker 1: so the Department hasn't provided a full explanation, but those 122 00:08:33,440 --> 00:08:36,000 Speaker 1: are two reasons that that they've cited. How large a 123 00:08:36,040 --> 00:08:40,079 Speaker 1: staff does d o J have handling the investigation in 124 00:08:40,200 --> 00:08:46,439 Speaker 1: the cases, so the investigation is involved d o J 125 00:08:46,600 --> 00:08:51,480 Speaker 1: staff across the country, including FBI field offices across the country. 126 00:08:51,800 --> 00:08:55,440 Speaker 1: The number of people who are actually dedicated to the 127 00:08:55,480 --> 00:08:59,480 Speaker 1: investigation full time is actually pretty small. It's about fifty 128 00:08:59,520 --> 00:09:03,080 Speaker 1: people on a full time basis. But the department rotates 129 00:09:03,080 --> 00:09:07,480 Speaker 1: in people as needed for certain cases, and it assigns 130 00:09:07,840 --> 00:09:12,200 Speaker 1: field offices and u S attorney offices to people in 131 00:09:12,240 --> 00:09:16,560 Speaker 1: those offices across the country to do certain work as needed. 132 00:09:16,840 --> 00:09:19,559 Speaker 1: And the Justice Department is looking for thirty four million 133 00:09:19,640 --> 00:09:24,360 Speaker 1: dollars to hire a hundred thirty one more lawyers to 134 00:09:24,440 --> 00:09:28,360 Speaker 1: work on the case. Now. Just this week, prosecutors added 135 00:09:28,520 --> 00:09:32,880 Speaker 1: charges of seditious conspiracy to its case against members of 136 00:09:32,920 --> 00:09:36,680 Speaker 1: the Proud Boys. Do we know why they're amping up 137 00:09:36,760 --> 00:09:40,360 Speaker 1: the charges? Does it tell you anything? Yeah? The new 138 00:09:40,440 --> 00:09:42,880 Speaker 1: charges against against members of the Proud Boys are the 139 00:09:42,920 --> 00:09:46,040 Speaker 1: most significant charges that the Department has brought to dates. Uh, 140 00:09:46,160 --> 00:09:50,319 Speaker 1: the seditious conspiracy charge is the most significant charge that 141 00:09:50,400 --> 00:09:53,600 Speaker 1: the Department has brought. It's been brought against a few 142 00:09:53,600 --> 00:09:57,360 Speaker 1: members of the oath Keepers, and now it's been added 143 00:09:57,440 --> 00:10:01,040 Speaker 1: to previous charges against some members of the Proud Boys. 144 00:10:01,160 --> 00:10:04,920 Speaker 1: And so what it signals is that, um, the government 145 00:10:05,240 --> 00:10:11,119 Speaker 1: is getting more information about how many people were involved 146 00:10:11,360 --> 00:10:15,760 Speaker 1: in actively plotting to stop the certification of the election 147 00:10:16,600 --> 00:10:20,280 Speaker 1: and has what the Department believes is enough evidence to 148 00:10:20,320 --> 00:10:23,400 Speaker 1: prove that in court. And so it just shows the 149 00:10:23,440 --> 00:10:28,280 Speaker 1: progression of the investigation and that the Department will bring 150 00:10:28,760 --> 00:10:33,760 Speaker 1: the most significant charges possible when it's warranted. You write 151 00:10:33,760 --> 00:10:36,679 Speaker 1: that among the cases well along the courts, the Justice 152 00:10:36,720 --> 00:10:40,520 Speaker 1: Department's biggest test will come in August. Tell us about that. 153 00:10:40,960 --> 00:10:43,320 Speaker 1: So in August, the members of the Proud Boys are 154 00:10:43,320 --> 00:10:46,280 Speaker 1: going to go on trial. The Justice Department will will 155 00:10:46,440 --> 00:10:50,520 Speaker 1: begin a trial against members of the Proud Boys on 156 00:10:50,800 --> 00:10:55,840 Speaker 1: felony charges of obstructing Congress from from certifying the election. 157 00:10:56,360 --> 00:10:59,120 Speaker 1: The new charges have been added to members of the 158 00:10:59,160 --> 00:11:03,040 Speaker 1: Proud Boys or seditious conspiracy. It's not clear that the 159 00:11:03,080 --> 00:11:06,720 Speaker 1: Department is going to proceed with those charges in August, 160 00:11:06,760 --> 00:11:09,840 Speaker 1: but the Department does plan to begin the first trial 161 00:11:10,400 --> 00:11:17,880 Speaker 1: alleging a conspiracy against one of the you know, extremist 162 00:11:17,960 --> 00:11:23,680 Speaker 1: organizations that were actively working to stop the certification. Has 163 00:11:23,720 --> 00:11:27,600 Speaker 1: the Department lost any of the trials. The Department has 164 00:11:27,640 --> 00:11:30,880 Speaker 1: not lost any jury trials. The department lost one bench 165 00:11:30,960 --> 00:11:33,040 Speaker 1: trial that that is the trial that was before a 166 00:11:33,120 --> 00:11:37,640 Speaker 1: judge and it was on a misdemeanor that the judge 167 00:11:38,080 --> 00:11:42,720 Speaker 1: acquitted the defendant and that's the only trial that the 168 00:11:42,760 --> 00:11:46,280 Speaker 1: Department has lost. But there's only been six trials. Three 169 00:11:46,320 --> 00:11:51,800 Speaker 1: oath keepers pleaded guilty to seditious conspiracy. Are they testifying 170 00:11:51,960 --> 00:11:55,240 Speaker 1: in any of the trials or are they just helping 171 00:11:55,280 --> 00:11:58,280 Speaker 1: the government behind the scenes, because there is a trial 172 00:11:58,320 --> 00:12:03,120 Speaker 1: of oath keepers on seditious conspiracy in September. Right now, 173 00:12:03,360 --> 00:12:05,880 Speaker 1: we don't have any statement that they're going to testify 174 00:12:05,960 --> 00:12:08,600 Speaker 1: during the trials. They have earned in cooperation agreements with 175 00:12:08,640 --> 00:12:12,680 Speaker 1: the government, so right now is providing investigatives information behind 176 00:12:12,720 --> 00:12:16,880 Speaker 1: the scenes. So from your reporting, the Justice Department is 177 00:12:17,200 --> 00:12:22,640 Speaker 1: entering a more aggressive phase of the investigation. There's kind 178 00:12:22,640 --> 00:12:26,480 Speaker 1: of two massive investigations that are that are going on. 179 00:12:26,480 --> 00:12:28,880 Speaker 1: One is very public in the sense that it's an 180 00:12:28,920 --> 00:12:31,959 Speaker 1: investigation to what happened on January six in the attack 181 00:12:32,000 --> 00:12:35,120 Speaker 1: on the Capitol, and that's where all of the charges 182 00:12:35,200 --> 00:12:37,560 Speaker 1: have focused so far. But the other part of the 183 00:12:37,600 --> 00:12:42,080 Speaker 1: investigation is now picking up momentum, which is looking at 184 00:12:42,640 --> 00:12:47,439 Speaker 1: the conspiracy by Trump and his allies to come up 185 00:12:47,520 --> 00:12:51,679 Speaker 1: with ways to prevent the certification of the election in 186 00:12:51,720 --> 00:12:56,320 Speaker 1: the days and weeks before January six, which includes creating 187 00:12:56,360 --> 00:13:00,120 Speaker 1: false electors, and the Department has now shown that it 188 00:13:00,400 --> 00:13:05,600 Speaker 1: is actively investigating that element of the whole effort to 189 00:13:05,720 --> 00:13:09,200 Speaker 1: stop the election certification. Thanks for being on the show, Chris. 190 00:13:09,559 --> 00:13:15,000 Speaker 1: That's Chris Strom. Bloomberg legal reporter Elon Musk is threatening 191 00:13:15,040 --> 00:13:17,960 Speaker 1: to walk away from his deal to buy Twitter if 192 00:13:18,000 --> 00:13:20,960 Speaker 1: the social network doesn't do more to prove that its 193 00:13:21,040 --> 00:13:24,800 Speaker 1: users are real people. In the securities filing on Monday, 194 00:13:25,000 --> 00:13:27,920 Speaker 1: Musk said he thinks Twitter is in material breach of 195 00:13:27,960 --> 00:13:31,560 Speaker 1: their merger agreement by not meeting his demands for more 196 00:13:31,600 --> 00:13:36,280 Speaker 1: information about spam and fake accounts. Complicating Musk's claims is 197 00:13:36,320 --> 00:13:39,920 Speaker 1: the fact that he's been complaining about Twitter's bots publicly 198 00:13:40,320 --> 00:13:42,720 Speaker 1: since before he made an offer to buy the company. 199 00:13:43,040 --> 00:13:46,360 Speaker 1: Here's Mosk at a Ted Talk in April. Well, a 200 00:13:46,440 --> 00:13:50,240 Speaker 1: top priority I have I would have is eliminating the 201 00:13:50,760 --> 00:13:54,400 Speaker 1: spam and scam butts um and the butt armies that 202 00:13:54,559 --> 00:13:59,760 Speaker 1: are on Twitter. Um. You know, I think I think 203 00:13:59,880 --> 00:14:05,640 Speaker 1: these these fun influence that they're not there, they make 204 00:14:05,679 --> 00:14:10,400 Speaker 1: the product much worse. Um if I you know, if 205 00:14:10,400 --> 00:14:16,160 Speaker 1: I had a dose coin for every cryptoscataway soul. The 206 00:14:16,240 --> 00:14:19,000 Speaker 1: problem for a mosque is not only that the merger 207 00:14:19,080 --> 00:14:22,320 Speaker 1: includes a one billion dollar breakup fee, but that he 208 00:14:22,360 --> 00:14:26,200 Speaker 1: can't just walk away by paying that The agreement includes 209 00:14:26,240 --> 00:14:30,160 Speaker 1: a specific performance provision that allows Twitter to force Musk 210 00:14:30,240 --> 00:14:33,920 Speaker 1: to consummate the deal in court if necessary. My guest 211 00:14:34,000 --> 00:14:37,600 Speaker 1: is Eric Tallely, a professor at Columbia Law School. Tell 212 00:14:37,680 --> 00:14:42,000 Speaker 1: me about this security filing on Monday. So this was 213 00:14:42,040 --> 00:14:46,120 Speaker 1: a letter from Elon Musk's attorney to Twitter. It probably 214 00:14:46,760 --> 00:14:49,520 Speaker 1: wasn't even something that had to be filed as an 215 00:14:49,560 --> 00:14:53,360 Speaker 1: SEC filing. This was a type of a private correspondence 216 00:14:53,440 --> 00:14:56,880 Speaker 1: that wouldn't necessarily be required to be sent out to 217 00:14:56,920 --> 00:14:59,560 Speaker 1: all public investors. But of course a lot of times 218 00:14:59,600 --> 00:15:02,080 Speaker 1: people do that if they want more optics for it 219 00:15:02,120 --> 00:15:04,840 Speaker 1: as well. So I view this as a type of 220 00:15:04,880 --> 00:15:08,640 Speaker 1: correspondence that was intended not just for Twitter, but also 221 00:15:08,760 --> 00:15:12,680 Speaker 1: for a broader audience. But the lawyers saying that Twitter 222 00:15:12,800 --> 00:15:17,600 Speaker 1: breached their agreement by not meeting more demands for information 223 00:15:17,600 --> 00:15:21,680 Speaker 1: about spam and fake accounts. So is this a legitimate 224 00:15:22,480 --> 00:15:27,360 Speaker 1: claim that his lawyer is making. It could be in theory, 225 00:15:27,600 --> 00:15:30,680 Speaker 1: depending on the nature of the context of the claim. 226 00:15:31,200 --> 00:15:34,400 Speaker 1: But this context already has some history behind it. So 227 00:15:34,840 --> 00:15:38,880 Speaker 1: Elon Musk has now for weeks been talking about the 228 00:15:38,920 --> 00:15:43,000 Speaker 1: spam and bought account issues that have caused him to 229 00:15:43,080 --> 00:15:46,440 Speaker 1: reconsider whether he wants to go forward with this transaction. 230 00:15:46,960 --> 00:15:49,640 Speaker 1: But the way that he had been phrasing this that 231 00:15:49,720 --> 00:15:52,240 Speaker 1: didn't really line up with the contract that he signed. 232 00:15:52,240 --> 00:15:55,920 Speaker 1: The contract that he signed didn't really directly allow him 233 00:15:55,960 --> 00:15:59,280 Speaker 1: to walk away just because there were spam or bought accounts. 234 00:15:59,280 --> 00:16:02,560 Speaker 1: In fact, he was loudly proclaiming that was the reason 235 00:16:02,600 --> 00:16:04,600 Speaker 1: that he should buy Twitter, so that he could get 236 00:16:04,680 --> 00:16:08,200 Speaker 1: rid of the spam and bought accounts. So the newest 237 00:16:08,680 --> 00:16:11,920 Speaker 1: strategy that he's undertaken, the one that you know clearly 238 00:16:11,960 --> 00:16:14,040 Speaker 1: has a little bit of involved in by his lawyer, 239 00:16:14,480 --> 00:16:17,360 Speaker 1: is to focus on a different part of the contract, 240 00:16:17,760 --> 00:16:22,040 Speaker 1: but one that still relates to his already professed concern 241 00:16:22,120 --> 00:16:27,080 Speaker 1: about spam accounts, and that's a disclosure obligation that Twitter 242 00:16:27,200 --> 00:16:30,840 Speaker 1: has to make if Musk makes information request to them, 243 00:16:31,320 --> 00:16:34,760 Speaker 1: And in this case, Musk had requested more information about 244 00:16:34,800 --> 00:16:39,080 Speaker 1: how they verify the fraction of accounts at Twitter that 245 00:16:39,120 --> 00:16:43,480 Speaker 1: our spam accounts, and presumably Twitter has been responding to 246 00:16:43,520 --> 00:16:47,520 Speaker 1: those requests for information. This letter states that at least 247 00:16:47,520 --> 00:16:50,760 Speaker 1: in Elon Musk's view, they have not responded adequately, and 248 00:16:50,800 --> 00:16:54,360 Speaker 1: their responses have been so inadequate so as to breach 249 00:16:54,720 --> 00:16:58,800 Speaker 1: the contract from their perspective. Now, that's an interesting move 250 00:16:59,000 --> 00:17:03,480 Speaker 1: because it now re focuses the attention on the conduct 251 00:17:03,720 --> 00:17:06,320 Speaker 1: of Twitter. But we don't know an awful lot about 252 00:17:06,400 --> 00:17:09,600 Speaker 1: exactly what the conduct of Twitter has been. It's pretty 253 00:17:09,600 --> 00:17:12,560 Speaker 1: clear they really want to close this deal. It's pretty 254 00:17:12,560 --> 00:17:15,960 Speaker 1: clear that they have the incentive to try to play ball. 255 00:17:16,200 --> 00:17:19,280 Speaker 1: If there are various types of request for information, they're 256 00:17:19,280 --> 00:17:22,800 Speaker 1: made forward by the same token. Twitter is also under 257 00:17:22,880 --> 00:17:28,520 Speaker 1: a contractual obligation itself to avoid making disclosures that would 258 00:17:28,600 --> 00:17:31,840 Speaker 1: breach someone's privacy rights, or that would be illegal, or 259 00:17:31,880 --> 00:17:36,280 Speaker 1: that would ultimately be inconsistent with their long term strategic 260 00:17:36,800 --> 00:17:39,560 Speaker 1: positioning and so there may be some sort of situations 261 00:17:39,560 --> 00:17:42,760 Speaker 1: where Twitter had said to Musk, yeah, we can give 262 00:17:42,800 --> 00:17:45,400 Speaker 1: you some information, but we can't give you so much 263 00:17:45,400 --> 00:17:48,359 Speaker 1: information that it would essentially undermine our ability to be 264 00:17:48,400 --> 00:17:52,000 Speaker 1: a competitor in this in this space, or would violate 265 00:17:52,080 --> 00:17:56,639 Speaker 1: some regulation or law, or might undermine someone's privacy rights. 266 00:17:56,920 --> 00:17:58,840 Speaker 1: And so my guess is at least viewed in a 267 00:17:58,960 --> 00:18:02,560 Speaker 1: microscope that to where this conflict really is living. But 268 00:18:02,640 --> 00:18:04,320 Speaker 1: in some sense this is all a bit of a 269 00:18:04,359 --> 00:18:07,199 Speaker 1: side show that is fronting for some buyer's remorse that 270 00:18:07,320 --> 00:18:09,960 Speaker 1: Elon Musk, no doubt has having signed up a deal 271 00:18:10,000 --> 00:18:12,719 Speaker 1: for fifty four dollars for a company that's in a 272 00:18:12,720 --> 00:18:14,840 Speaker 1: sector that has been somewhat in free fall for the 273 00:18:14,920 --> 00:18:18,400 Speaker 1: last couple of months. So the context in this situation 274 00:18:18,880 --> 00:18:21,600 Speaker 1: is that everyone kind of knew that he was desperately 275 00:18:21,640 --> 00:18:23,720 Speaker 1: looking around for a way to either get out of 276 00:18:23,720 --> 00:18:27,840 Speaker 1: the deal or renegotiate the price. His first strategy wasn't 277 00:18:27,840 --> 00:18:31,320 Speaker 1: a very good one. His second strategy has gotten lawyered 278 00:18:31,359 --> 00:18:34,800 Speaker 1: up a little bit more. But in the hindsight of 279 00:18:34,920 --> 00:18:38,120 Speaker 1: knowing that he was always trying to do this anyway, 280 00:18:38,200 --> 00:18:41,960 Speaker 1: it makes anyone, including a judge potentially much more skeptical 281 00:18:42,040 --> 00:18:44,920 Speaker 1: about whether this strategy is a bona fide strategy either. 282 00:18:46,000 --> 00:18:50,400 Speaker 1: So let's suppose that Twitter hasn't given all the information 283 00:18:50,560 --> 00:18:55,960 Speaker 1: because of privacy concerns. Is that enough to be a 284 00:18:56,160 --> 00:19:01,880 Speaker 1: material breach of Twitter's obligations under this agree No, generally not. 285 00:19:02,080 --> 00:19:05,520 Speaker 1: So there are two reasons why it's not. First of all, explicitly, 286 00:19:05,560 --> 00:19:08,520 Speaker 1: in the very same section of the contract that Mr 287 00:19:08,640 --> 00:19:12,600 Speaker 1: Musk's lawyer has been citing, Twitter retains the right not 288 00:19:12,800 --> 00:19:16,720 Speaker 1: to hand over information that would be confidential, that might 289 00:19:16,960 --> 00:19:21,000 Speaker 1: cause it to breach someone's privacy rights, or that might 290 00:19:21,160 --> 00:19:25,359 Speaker 1: undermine its future competitive position. And so it's conceivable to 291 00:19:25,400 --> 00:19:27,800 Speaker 1: me that that's the exact claim they're making. He's not 292 00:19:27,920 --> 00:19:30,600 Speaker 1: satisfied with it, but it is in fact baked into 293 00:19:30,640 --> 00:19:34,960 Speaker 1: their contract rights already. Moreover, if these are the types 294 00:19:35,000 --> 00:19:38,560 Speaker 1: of infirmities that can be cured over time, it also 295 00:19:38,680 --> 00:19:41,280 Speaker 1: wouldn't get him off the hook from the deal. It 296 00:19:41,320 --> 00:19:44,680 Speaker 1: would essentially possibly delay the closing of the deal until 297 00:19:44,720 --> 00:19:47,520 Speaker 1: they could resolve what would and would not be disclosed. 298 00:19:47,920 --> 00:19:50,639 Speaker 1: But it's not going to be a likely excuse to 299 00:19:50,680 --> 00:19:54,080 Speaker 1: walk away from the deal. So just explain, we've talked 300 00:19:54,080 --> 00:19:57,920 Speaker 1: about this before. Why it's more than just a one 301 00:19:58,040 --> 00:20:03,119 Speaker 1: billion dollar termination fee. Twitter can can force him to 302 00:20:03,240 --> 00:20:06,680 Speaker 1: go through the contract. Yeah, that as a general matter, 303 00:20:06,760 --> 00:20:10,760 Speaker 1: they can. Now, there are some situations in which he 304 00:20:10,800 --> 00:20:13,120 Speaker 1: would be able to walk away from the contract and 305 00:20:13,280 --> 00:20:16,720 Speaker 1: pay a one billion dollar termination fee, but those are 306 00:20:16,800 --> 00:20:20,240 Speaker 1: relatively small compared to the situations under which, you know, 307 00:20:20,280 --> 00:20:22,919 Speaker 1: Twitter could just force him to go through with his 308 00:20:23,119 --> 00:20:27,280 Speaker 1: side of the deal. Probably the biggest potential out he has, 309 00:20:27,560 --> 00:20:30,200 Speaker 1: and the way that kind of toggle onto this idea 310 00:20:30,240 --> 00:20:32,280 Speaker 1: that he could just walk away with a billion dollars 311 00:20:32,760 --> 00:20:36,639 Speaker 1: is if his financing fails for the transaction, and you know, 312 00:20:36,760 --> 00:20:40,960 Speaker 1: significant component of the purchase price is going to be 313 00:20:41,040 --> 00:20:43,960 Speaker 1: through money that's borrowed from third party lenders who have 314 00:20:44,000 --> 00:20:49,080 Speaker 1: themselves made commitment letters to Twitter. So one of the 315 00:20:49,119 --> 00:20:52,920 Speaker 1: possible reasons why Musk is trying to be so focal 316 00:20:53,359 --> 00:20:58,200 Speaker 1: and vocal about this particular issue is, you know, possibly 317 00:20:58,320 --> 00:21:01,480 Speaker 1: he is trying to encourage the very folks that he 318 00:21:01,640 --> 00:21:05,080 Speaker 1: arranged to lend him money to start getting cold feet 319 00:21:05,160 --> 00:21:08,000 Speaker 1: about lending him money, because if they get cold feet 320 00:21:08,040 --> 00:21:10,479 Speaker 1: and say, sorry, the deal is off, We're not going 321 00:21:10,520 --> 00:21:13,280 Speaker 1: to lend anymore. That's the one or one of a 322 00:21:13,400 --> 00:21:17,240 Speaker 1: few scenarios where he would plausibly be able to walk 323 00:21:17,280 --> 00:21:20,240 Speaker 1: away and be exposed only up to this billion dollar 324 00:21:20,359 --> 00:21:24,080 Speaker 1: termination feet. How long does Twitter have to wait before 325 00:21:24,119 --> 00:21:29,360 Speaker 1: it says, okay, we're going to court to enforce this contract. Well, 326 00:21:29,440 --> 00:21:32,600 Speaker 1: in principle, they could file suit anytime they wanted. I 327 00:21:32,640 --> 00:21:34,480 Speaker 1: think one of the things that you really want to 328 00:21:34,480 --> 00:21:38,359 Speaker 1: try to balance from Twitter's perspective is to assemble a 329 00:21:38,640 --> 00:21:42,160 Speaker 1: track record of acting in good faith, moving things along 330 00:21:42,200 --> 00:21:45,959 Speaker 1: in the direction of trying to close this transaction without 331 00:21:46,000 --> 00:21:50,199 Speaker 1: yourself getting hotheaded or overly demanding. So, you know, the 332 00:21:50,200 --> 00:21:53,280 Speaker 1: executives of Twitter and their legal team has no doubt 333 00:21:53,400 --> 00:21:56,040 Speaker 1: sort of taken this lesson to heart that they're in 334 00:21:56,080 --> 00:21:59,280 Speaker 1: a relatively strong position based on the contract to the 335 00:21:59,320 --> 00:22:03,040 Speaker 1: extent that Musk is trying to goad them into a 336 00:22:03,080 --> 00:22:07,120 Speaker 1: public spat or a spat that causes them to start 337 00:22:07,160 --> 00:22:10,159 Speaker 1: acting petty and withholding things that could just put them 338 00:22:10,160 --> 00:22:12,320 Speaker 1: in breach of this contract. So I think, you know, 339 00:22:12,400 --> 00:22:16,000 Speaker 1: their approach is probably the right one is to say, 340 00:22:16,480 --> 00:22:20,240 Speaker 1: navigate this boat as steadily as we can, realizing that 341 00:22:20,280 --> 00:22:22,359 Speaker 1: we're going to get hit by a tidal wave every 342 00:22:22,359 --> 00:22:25,480 Speaker 1: once in a while that's got Elon Musk's fingerprints all 343 00:22:25,520 --> 00:22:29,000 Speaker 1: over it, but keep sailing towards the north Star. And 344 00:22:29,040 --> 00:22:32,119 Speaker 1: if at some point he does something definitive as a 345 00:22:32,200 --> 00:22:34,960 Speaker 1: move to walk away from the deal, that's when we 346 00:22:35,000 --> 00:22:37,439 Speaker 1: will go ahead and file suit, having put together a 347 00:22:37,480 --> 00:22:41,000 Speaker 1: fairly lengthy track record of all the things that we've 348 00:22:41,040 --> 00:22:44,399 Speaker 1: done to try to consummate this deal, and all the 349 00:22:44,440 --> 00:22:46,960 Speaker 1: things that Mr Musk has done and possibly people who 350 00:22:46,960 --> 00:22:49,600 Speaker 1: are allied with him to try to kneecap the deal. 351 00:22:49,920 --> 00:22:52,240 Speaker 1: And both of these parties are under an obligation to 352 00:22:52,359 --> 00:22:55,320 Speaker 1: try to expend their efforts at at least not to 353 00:22:55,440 --> 00:22:58,639 Speaker 1: undermine the deal, if not to cause the deal to close. 354 00:22:58,920 --> 00:23:02,160 Speaker 1: Does it fit in any way or that must waved 355 00:23:02,240 --> 00:23:06,320 Speaker 1: a chance to look at Twitter's finances beyond what was 356 00:23:06,400 --> 00:23:10,480 Speaker 1: publicly available? Does that count against him in any way? 357 00:23:10,720 --> 00:23:13,919 Speaker 1: In principle it it hugely counts against him. You know, 358 00:23:14,000 --> 00:23:17,040 Speaker 1: this is endemically a problem when a buyer of a 359 00:23:17,160 --> 00:23:21,679 Speaker 1: large company that these are always relatively complex entities. You know, 360 00:23:21,680 --> 00:23:24,479 Speaker 1: it doesn't have always the same information that the seller might. 361 00:23:24,560 --> 00:23:26,199 Speaker 1: So there are a couple different ways to deal with it. 362 00:23:26,720 --> 00:23:29,120 Speaker 1: One is that you could just say, look, I want 363 00:23:29,160 --> 00:23:32,239 Speaker 1: to be able to do what's called due diligence on 364 00:23:32,400 --> 00:23:35,760 Speaker 1: this this purchase, and I want to investigate the value 365 00:23:35,840 --> 00:23:39,600 Speaker 1: of this company. I want access to your detailed proprietary 366 00:23:39,640 --> 00:23:42,920 Speaker 1: books and records. As a very very common way to 367 00:23:43,280 --> 00:23:47,240 Speaker 1: UH to engineer a deal involving, you know, situations where 368 00:23:47,240 --> 00:23:49,440 Speaker 1: buyers are worried that they don't know all the information. 369 00:23:49,880 --> 00:23:51,560 Speaker 1: He waived that, you know, and he was kind of 370 00:23:51,600 --> 00:23:54,680 Speaker 1: public about waiving it. The other way to do it 371 00:23:54,720 --> 00:23:57,840 Speaker 1: is potentially to have the sellers say, Okay, look, you 372 00:23:58,080 --> 00:24:00,000 Speaker 1: don't have to investigate these, but we're going to provide 373 00:24:00,200 --> 00:24:05,760 Speaker 1: various types of warranties and guarantees and representations that this 374 00:24:05,880 --> 00:24:08,920 Speaker 1: is going to be you know, completely fine. Um, you'll 375 00:24:08,960 --> 00:24:12,600 Speaker 1: you'll discover that, you know, what you're buying is as advertised. 376 00:24:12,880 --> 00:24:15,119 Speaker 1: And so I think that's kind of a corner that 377 00:24:15,160 --> 00:24:17,639 Speaker 1: he's backed himself into having not done any of the 378 00:24:17,720 --> 00:24:21,360 Speaker 1: due diligence. You know, He's been trying to formulate arguments 379 00:24:21,400 --> 00:24:26,120 Speaker 1: that suggests that Twitter made a concrete warranty about how 380 00:24:26,119 --> 00:24:29,480 Speaker 1: many spam accounts there are out there. The problem is 381 00:24:29,520 --> 00:24:33,040 Speaker 1: that that's not even all that clear either, there's nothing 382 00:24:33,080 --> 00:24:36,600 Speaker 1: explicitly in the contract. There's an indirect reference to their 383 00:24:36,600 --> 00:24:40,360 Speaker 1: prior securities filings, and that's essentially what he's seizing on. 384 00:24:40,520 --> 00:24:44,720 Speaker 1: But those prior securities filings that talk about the spam 385 00:24:44,760 --> 00:24:50,119 Speaker 1: accounts are themselves heavily lawyered and equivocal as to whether 386 00:24:50,200 --> 00:24:54,280 Speaker 1: they are definitive estimates as opposed to, well, this is 387 00:24:54,320 --> 00:24:57,240 Speaker 1: our best shot at telling you, you know, based on 388 00:24:57,320 --> 00:25:00,439 Speaker 1: our own sampling, what the fraction looks like, but we 389 00:25:00,520 --> 00:25:02,040 Speaker 1: might be wrong, and there are a bunch of different 390 00:25:02,040 --> 00:25:05,119 Speaker 1: ways to measure this. So to sum this all up, 391 00:25:05,640 --> 00:25:09,360 Speaker 1: this letter is it an attempt by Musk to create 392 00:25:09,400 --> 00:25:13,680 Speaker 1: a paper trail in his goal of blowing up the deal. 393 00:25:14,200 --> 00:25:17,199 Speaker 1: I think that's probably the best interpretation of what's going on, 394 00:25:17,400 --> 00:25:21,879 Speaker 1: at least to to create a colorable chance that he 395 00:25:21,920 --> 00:25:24,680 Speaker 1: could blow up the deal so that he could walk 396 00:25:24,880 --> 00:25:29,080 Speaker 1: back into a negotiating room with Twitter representatives and at 397 00:25:29,160 --> 00:25:32,800 Speaker 1: least negotiate for a lower price. It is not the 398 00:25:32,880 --> 00:25:35,679 Speaker 1: strongest hands to be playing, however, it's a It's not 399 00:25:35,800 --> 00:25:37,760 Speaker 1: an uncommon thing to do to sort of say, oh, 400 00:25:37,760 --> 00:25:41,280 Speaker 1: can I get a better price? But usually something really 401 00:25:41,359 --> 00:25:44,679 Speaker 1: unexpected has to happen. Or an egregious breach of a 402 00:25:44,800 --> 00:25:48,000 Speaker 1: covenant or a prominense has to have occurred, but that 403 00:25:48,080 --> 00:25:50,480 Speaker 1: doesn't seem to be the case, at least with what's 404 00:25:50,520 --> 00:25:53,640 Speaker 1: publicly known this far, other than the allegations that Mr 405 00:25:53,720 --> 00:25:57,399 Speaker 1: Musk or Mr Musk's lawyer have made. So he's not 406 00:25:57,520 --> 00:26:01,480 Speaker 1: playing a particularly strong hand. But people can sometimes win 407 00:26:01,560 --> 00:26:04,199 Speaker 1: on a bluff of a strong hand, and so I 408 00:26:04,200 --> 00:26:07,119 Speaker 1: think that's kind of the hope that Twitter will at 409 00:26:07,200 --> 00:26:10,760 Speaker 1: least back down enough to allow him to give a 410 00:26:10,840 --> 00:26:13,240 Speaker 1: slight haircut to the price of the deal that he 411 00:26:13,359 --> 00:26:17,440 Speaker 1: signed up at fifty four and twenty cents. From Twitter's perspective, 412 00:26:17,480 --> 00:26:19,919 Speaker 1: I think they also know that they're playing a relatively 413 00:26:20,000 --> 00:26:23,320 Speaker 1: strong hand legally, and they're not going to be that 414 00:26:23,520 --> 00:26:25,920 Speaker 1: willing to give ground. They might give ground a little 415 00:26:25,920 --> 00:26:29,560 Speaker 1: bit because litigation is costly, and it's time consuming and 416 00:26:29,640 --> 00:26:32,560 Speaker 1: it's distracting. So it's possible they would give a little 417 00:26:32,560 --> 00:26:35,960 Speaker 1: bit of ground just to grease the wheels. But Twitter's 418 00:26:36,000 --> 00:26:41,680 Speaker 1: negotiating posture is a relatively strong one. Now, if the mailstrom, 419 00:26:41,720 --> 00:26:45,480 Speaker 1: the public mailstrom, the letters like this kick up cause 420 00:26:45,600 --> 00:26:49,760 Speaker 1: the lenders to get cold feet, obviously, that could change 421 00:26:49,800 --> 00:26:53,359 Speaker 1: the equation a little bit, but it could also complicate it, 422 00:26:53,400 --> 00:26:56,960 Speaker 1: both for Musk and for the lenders. If he ends 423 00:26:57,040 --> 00:27:01,120 Speaker 1: up sort of being seen as deliberately trying to sabotage 424 00:27:01,200 --> 00:27:04,359 Speaker 1: his own deal. UH, that could put him on the 425 00:27:04,359 --> 00:27:08,240 Speaker 1: hook for various types of liabilities, both inside and outside 426 00:27:08,600 --> 00:27:12,080 Speaker 1: the terms of the contract. UH. And in addition, the 427 00:27:12,200 --> 00:27:15,280 Speaker 1: lenders themselves, to the extent that they're seen is effectively, 428 00:27:15,520 --> 00:27:19,400 Speaker 1: you know, conspiring with him to blow up the deal. UH. 429 00:27:19,480 --> 00:27:21,960 Speaker 1: They may not be able to walk away scott free either. 430 00:27:22,160 --> 00:27:26,080 Speaker 1: So it's somewhat perilous terrain. If in fact, what the 431 00:27:26,840 --> 00:27:32,760 Speaker 1: calculated approaches here is to try to sneakily or coyly 432 00:27:33,240 --> 00:27:36,200 Speaker 1: recruit the lenders to bail out of a deal so 433 00:27:36,240 --> 00:27:40,040 Speaker 1: as to give Mr Musk an easier set of walking 434 00:27:40,080 --> 00:27:45,080 Speaker 1: papers himself. We'll see what Musk's next move is. Thanks Eric. 435 00:27:45,400 --> 00:27:49,280 Speaker 1: That's Professor Eric Talley of Columbia Law School, and that's 436 00:27:49,320 --> 00:27:51,919 Speaker 1: it for this edition of The Bloomberg Law Show. Remember 437 00:27:51,960 --> 00:27:54,560 Speaker 1: you can always get the latest legal news honor Bloomberg 438 00:27:54,640 --> 00:27:58,199 Speaker 1: Law Podcast. You can find them on Apple Podcasts, Spotify, 439 00:27:58,400 --> 00:28:03,440 Speaker 1: and at www dot Bloomberg dot com, Slash podcast, Slash Law, 440 00:28:03,840 --> 00:28:06,479 Speaker 1: and remember to tune into the Bloomberg Law Show every 441 00:28:06,480 --> 00:28:10,440 Speaker 1: week night at ten pm Wall Street Time. I'm June Grossow, 442 00:28:10,560 --> 00:28:12,159 Speaker 1: and you're listening to Bloomberg