1 00:00:01,000 --> 00:00:10,799 Speaker 1: Welcome to Stuffy missed in History class from dot Com. Hello, 2 00:00:10,920 --> 00:00:14,239 Speaker 1: and welcome to the podcasting Tracy V. Wilson and I'm 3 00:00:14,280 --> 00:00:20,479 Speaker 1: Holly fry So. Back in October, a time capsule was 4 00:00:20,560 --> 00:00:23,680 Speaker 1: removed from a lion statue that normally is on top 5 00:00:23,720 --> 00:00:27,680 Speaker 1: of the Old State House in Boston, Massachusetts. The statue 6 00:00:27,720 --> 00:00:30,240 Speaker 1: had been taken off of the roof for restoration, and 7 00:00:30,280 --> 00:00:33,040 Speaker 1: while they were at it, restorers decided to check on 8 00:00:33,159 --> 00:00:35,440 Speaker 1: rumors that there was a time capsule in its head. 9 00:00:35,600 --> 00:00:38,320 Speaker 1: This is something that had been completely unknown until a 10 00:00:38,400 --> 00:00:40,519 Speaker 1: couple of years before, and they wanted to see if 11 00:00:40,520 --> 00:00:43,720 Speaker 1: it was really there. It was. They used to fiber 12 00:00:43,760 --> 00:00:46,120 Speaker 1: optic camera to make sure that it was really there, 13 00:00:46,479 --> 00:00:49,040 Speaker 1: and then they very carefully removed it and during a 14 00:00:49,159 --> 00:00:54,160 Speaker 1: private opening, archivists lifted the lid and immediately realized that 15 00:00:54,200 --> 00:00:56,280 Speaker 1: what was in there was just packed way too tightly 16 00:00:56,360 --> 00:00:59,560 Speaker 1: to be taken out safely in the studio where the 17 00:00:59,560 --> 00:01:03,200 Speaker 1: statue was being restored, So they took the time capsule 18 00:01:03,280 --> 00:01:06,960 Speaker 1: to the Bostonian Society's Archives Center where they could really 19 00:01:06,959 --> 00:01:11,920 Speaker 1: take their time removing the contents in a more controlled environment. Holly, 20 00:01:12,000 --> 00:01:15,319 Speaker 1: do you remember this, Yes, they do. Right, because when 21 00:01:15,360 --> 00:01:18,480 Speaker 1: we put this story on our Facebook, people got so mad. 22 00:01:18,640 --> 00:01:22,560 Speaker 1: They really did. There were some very um, you know, 23 00:01:23,360 --> 00:01:28,319 Speaker 1: immediate response sort of anger notes. Yeah, so this time 24 00:01:28,319 --> 00:01:30,720 Speaker 1: capsule had been inside the statue for a hundred and 25 00:01:30,760 --> 00:01:33,400 Speaker 1: thirteen years, but people felt like that was not nearly 26 00:01:33,480 --> 00:01:36,240 Speaker 1: long enough for it to be opened. And then other 27 00:01:36,280 --> 00:01:40,119 Speaker 1: people interpreted this decision to take the box somewhere more 28 00:01:40,200 --> 00:01:42,880 Speaker 1: controlled to do the actual unpacking that they thought this 29 00:01:42,920 --> 00:01:46,039 Speaker 1: was a sign that incompetent amateurs had been trusted with 30 00:01:46,120 --> 00:01:49,000 Speaker 1: this delicate task, which was absolutely not true. It was 31 00:01:49,080 --> 00:01:52,440 Speaker 1: somebody with a master of library science and archives of 32 00:01:52,480 --> 00:01:56,440 Speaker 1: management like the people also argued that they should have 33 00:01:56,480 --> 00:02:01,480 Speaker 1: just had the whole statue removed somewhere safer, or that 34 00:02:01,520 --> 00:02:03,800 Speaker 1: there was a lot of questions about why the time 35 00:02:03,840 --> 00:02:06,200 Speaker 1: capsule needed to be removed in the first place. A 36 00:02:06,200 --> 00:02:08,240 Speaker 1: lot of people wanted it and its contents to go 37 00:02:08,320 --> 00:02:13,560 Speaker 1: back where it was. So then another time capsule was 38 00:02:13,600 --> 00:02:16,360 Speaker 1: removed from the old State House a couple of months later, 39 00:02:16,480 --> 00:02:19,679 Speaker 1: and this one dated back to and it had been 40 00:02:19,680 --> 00:02:23,320 Speaker 1: put behind the corner stone by Paul Revere, then Governor 41 00:02:23,360 --> 00:02:26,960 Speaker 1: of Massachusetts, Sam Adams and Colonel William Scully, and so 42 00:02:27,000 --> 00:02:30,480 Speaker 1: based on what had happened with that first Time capsule, 43 00:02:31,200 --> 00:02:34,160 Speaker 1: we were really careful about what details we included when 44 00:02:34,160 --> 00:02:36,320 Speaker 1: we put it up on our Facebook. We noted that 45 00:02:36,360 --> 00:02:38,520 Speaker 1: it had been taken out as part of a repair 46 00:02:38,600 --> 00:02:42,560 Speaker 1: to a water leak behind the cornerstone, and we specified 47 00:02:42,600 --> 00:02:45,840 Speaker 1: that professional professional conservators had removed it, and that it 48 00:02:45,880 --> 00:02:48,639 Speaker 1: was going to be x rayed and open under controlled conditions, 49 00:02:49,320 --> 00:02:51,440 Speaker 1: and that it was going to be put back after 50 00:02:51,480 --> 00:02:54,320 Speaker 1: its contents had been displayed for the public for a while. Holly, 51 00:02:54,320 --> 00:02:58,000 Speaker 1: do you also remember this, yes, because people were still 52 00:02:58,040 --> 00:03:02,880 Speaker 1: so mad. They were there's a fascinating reaction I think 53 00:03:02,919 --> 00:03:06,919 Speaker 1: that people have with time capsules and it it's I 54 00:03:06,960 --> 00:03:09,840 Speaker 1: couldn't break down the psychology of it because it varies 55 00:03:09,880 --> 00:03:12,799 Speaker 1: a lot, but there were definitely some angry responses. Yeah, 56 00:03:12,880 --> 00:03:14,880 Speaker 1: people were still really mad this time. They were mad 57 00:03:14,919 --> 00:03:17,119 Speaker 1: that the times capsule was going to be put back, 58 00:03:17,160 --> 00:03:19,200 Speaker 1: which was what people had wanted to happen with the 59 00:03:19,280 --> 00:03:21,840 Speaker 1: other time capsules. So at this point I kind of 60 00:03:21,880 --> 00:03:24,440 Speaker 1: never wanted to mention time capsules in the context of 61 00:03:24,480 --> 00:03:27,440 Speaker 1: the show again, which is one of the reasons why 62 00:03:27,520 --> 00:03:32,400 Speaker 1: neither Time capsule was in the unearthed episodes. But then 63 00:03:33,120 --> 00:03:35,640 Speaker 1: this April I got the chance to actually see the 64 00:03:35,680 --> 00:03:39,280 Speaker 1: contents of that Cornerstone time capsule while they were on 65 00:03:39,320 --> 00:03:42,520 Speaker 1: display at the Museum of Fine Arts Boston, and there 66 00:03:42,600 --> 00:03:45,400 Speaker 1: was literally a line all the way around the room 67 00:03:45,440 --> 00:03:48,800 Speaker 1: to see it. It stretched way out into adjoining galleries. 68 00:03:49,200 --> 00:03:51,240 Speaker 1: Was just like in this little display case that was 69 00:03:51,280 --> 00:03:55,080 Speaker 1: full of coins and newspapers. Uh. Part of this is 70 00:03:55,120 --> 00:03:57,480 Speaker 1: because the time capsule was really small, so there was 71 00:03:57,520 --> 00:04:00,920 Speaker 1: a little display case people were way eating to see into. 72 00:04:01,040 --> 00:04:03,520 Speaker 1: But part of it is because people care, apparently care 73 00:04:03,560 --> 00:04:06,720 Speaker 1: a whole lot about time capsules. Yeah, and I feel 74 00:04:06,760 --> 00:04:11,080 Speaker 1: compelled to mention that this sort of interesting um discussion 75 00:04:11,160 --> 00:04:13,800 Speaker 1: that sometimes got a little heated on our Facebook page, 76 00:04:13,960 --> 00:04:15,720 Speaker 1: that is not the only place that these were happening. 77 00:04:15,760 --> 00:04:18,200 Speaker 1: If you looked at news sites that were posting about it, 78 00:04:18,400 --> 00:04:22,360 Speaker 1: their comments sections were having very similar things play out. Yeah, 79 00:04:22,360 --> 00:04:26,000 Speaker 1: there was just angriness everywhere. So we're gonna talk about 80 00:04:26,080 --> 00:04:29,280 Speaker 1: time capsules today, maybe explore some of the reasons people 81 00:04:29,320 --> 00:04:32,719 Speaker 1: get so excited about them. Yes, and the tradition of 82 00:04:32,760 --> 00:04:35,320 Speaker 1: burying stuff really goes back almost to the beginning of 83 00:04:35,400 --> 00:04:39,200 Speaker 1: human history. The most obvious example is that most of 84 00:04:39,240 --> 00:04:43,600 Speaker 1: the world's cultures have at some point buried artifacts, letters, trinkets, 85 00:04:43,600 --> 00:04:47,560 Speaker 1: and other objects as parts of funeral rituals. People have 86 00:04:47,680 --> 00:04:52,920 Speaker 1: also been deliberately placing objects into building foundations and cornerstones 87 00:04:53,040 --> 00:04:56,760 Speaker 1: for thousands of years. For example, in Mesopotamia, a common 88 00:04:56,760 --> 00:05:00,200 Speaker 1: practice was to bury objects and building foundations for the 89 00:05:00,240 --> 00:05:04,120 Speaker 1: purpose of sanctifying the space and protecting it, or maybe 90 00:05:04,120 --> 00:05:07,000 Speaker 1: to commemorate something that was related to the building or 91 00:05:07,040 --> 00:05:10,200 Speaker 1: its builders or where it was being built. This practice 92 00:05:10,520 --> 00:05:13,840 Speaker 1: has continued throughout the ages and all over the world, 93 00:05:13,920 --> 00:05:17,560 Speaker 1: and it has also included embedding items of religious significance 94 00:05:17,640 --> 00:05:22,000 Speaker 1: in church cornerstones, and the idea that these deposits might 95 00:05:22,000 --> 00:05:24,600 Speaker 1: one day be discovered again has also cropped up at 96 00:05:24,640 --> 00:05:28,440 Speaker 1: various times throughout history. For example, around the seventh century 97 00:05:28,520 --> 00:05:32,200 Speaker 1: b c, Assyrian king as Her Heaven had relics and 98 00:05:32,240 --> 00:05:35,240 Speaker 1: clay tablets put in the foundations of monuments, saying that 99 00:05:35,279 --> 00:05:38,680 Speaker 1: he quote deposited them in the foundations and left them 100 00:05:38,720 --> 00:05:42,960 Speaker 1: for future times. But all of these burials of stuff 101 00:05:43,040 --> 00:05:45,839 Speaker 1: are a little different from the idea of a time capsule. 102 00:05:46,279 --> 00:05:49,480 Speaker 1: Although people of the past did sometimes think or write 103 00:05:49,520 --> 00:05:52,920 Speaker 1: about how future generations might some days stumble upon their 104 00:05:53,040 --> 00:05:56,240 Speaker 1: funerary deposits and their foundational deposits, which are what those 105 00:05:56,279 --> 00:05:59,880 Speaker 1: things are called. Uh, that was really secondary to their purpose. 106 00:06:00,000 --> 00:06:02,240 Speaker 1: They were being buried for some other reason, and the 107 00:06:02,279 --> 00:06:04,760 Speaker 1: idea that somebody might come dig them up later was 108 00:06:05,560 --> 00:06:08,640 Speaker 1: secondary to that. But in a time capsule, on the 109 00:06:08,640 --> 00:06:12,640 Speaker 1: other hand, people intentionally gather and store objects with the 110 00:06:12,920 --> 00:06:16,000 Speaker 1: specific plan that someone else is going to open them later, 111 00:06:16,600 --> 00:06:20,160 Speaker 1: and usually there's a specified time frame for what later means, 112 00:06:20,320 --> 00:06:23,920 Speaker 1: and for the time capsule purists, it's only a true 113 00:06:23,960 --> 00:06:26,600 Speaker 1: time capsule if there's a specific end date for the 114 00:06:26,640 --> 00:06:29,359 Speaker 1: thing to be opened again. This means that while a 115 00:06:29,400 --> 00:06:31,120 Speaker 1: letter from a six year old to his or her 116 00:06:31,160 --> 00:06:33,800 Speaker 1: future self to be opened ten years later is a 117 00:06:33,880 --> 00:06:37,560 Speaker 1: time capsule according to this definition, but a giant room 118 00:06:37,560 --> 00:06:40,400 Speaker 1: of artifacts to be opened at some undetermined time in 119 00:06:40,400 --> 00:06:44,480 Speaker 1: the future technically isn't. Neither are time capsules that include 120 00:06:44,480 --> 00:06:46,839 Speaker 1: those same sorts of things but are shot into space 121 00:06:46,880 --> 00:06:50,120 Speaker 1: to be one day opened by aliens. Maybe so basically, 122 00:06:50,160 --> 00:06:52,400 Speaker 1: the end date is really like the definer of what 123 00:06:52,520 --> 00:06:56,440 Speaker 1: isn't isn't a time capsule. Another aspect of time capsules 124 00:06:56,560 --> 00:06:59,920 Speaker 1: is that they're preserving usually a snapshot of everyday lie 125 00:07:00,120 --> 00:07:03,000 Speaker 1: when they were sealed, and while there are definitely time 126 00:07:03,040 --> 00:07:06,080 Speaker 1: capsules that have a much grander scope than that, they 127 00:07:06,160 --> 00:07:11,760 Speaker 1: almost always also include things like coins, newspapers, photographs, letters 128 00:07:11,760 --> 00:07:15,160 Speaker 1: from notable people, and everyday items that are kind of 129 00:07:15,200 --> 00:07:18,080 Speaker 1: meant to give future generations a glimpse of what life 130 00:07:18,160 --> 00:07:22,720 Speaker 1: used to be like. This, including of everyday life snapshots, 131 00:07:22,760 --> 00:07:26,480 Speaker 1: is also why accidental preservations of everyday life, like say 132 00:07:26,480 --> 00:07:30,880 Speaker 1: the ruins of Pompeii, are sometimes described as time capsules. 133 00:07:32,040 --> 00:07:35,040 Speaker 1: And although there are time capsules buried all over the world, 134 00:07:35,640 --> 00:07:38,880 Speaker 1: the practice is largely a tradition that came from and 135 00:07:39,120 --> 00:07:41,680 Speaker 1: flourished in the United States, and there are a couple 136 00:07:41,720 --> 00:07:44,240 Speaker 1: of reasons for this. A big one is that the 137 00:07:44,280 --> 00:07:47,160 Speaker 1: first most famous examples of time capsules, which we're going 138 00:07:47,200 --> 00:07:49,760 Speaker 1: to talk about in just a bit, we're all developed 139 00:07:49,800 --> 00:07:54,920 Speaker 1: in the United States. But sociologists and psychologists also theorized 140 00:07:54,920 --> 00:07:57,560 Speaker 1: that another reason that the United States has been so 141 00:07:57,680 --> 00:08:00,840 Speaker 1: intent on encapsulating history, to say it to the future, 142 00:08:01,360 --> 00:08:04,080 Speaker 1: is that as a nation, the history of the United 143 00:08:04,120 --> 00:08:07,360 Speaker 1: States is pretty short. There were definitely people in North 144 00:08:07,360 --> 00:08:10,560 Speaker 1: America long before the United States was a thing, but 145 00:08:10,840 --> 00:08:13,400 Speaker 1: European presence in North America only goes back a few 146 00:08:13,480 --> 00:08:17,160 Speaker 1: hundred years. So the theory goes that people kind of 147 00:08:17,200 --> 00:08:21,520 Speaker 1: subconsciously want to instantly create something that counts as history 148 00:08:21,760 --> 00:08:25,360 Speaker 1: in the eyes of future generations. And we're going to 149 00:08:25,440 --> 00:08:28,800 Speaker 1: talk about some specific examples of time capsules after we 150 00:08:28,880 --> 00:08:31,960 Speaker 1: have a brief forward from a sponsor. We're going to 151 00:08:32,080 --> 00:08:36,560 Speaker 1: talk about the first true time capsule to start off with, 152 00:08:36,720 --> 00:08:39,200 Speaker 1: and the first time we know of that people sealed 153 00:08:39,240 --> 00:08:42,120 Speaker 1: things away with the specific intent that they would be 154 00:08:42,160 --> 00:08:44,680 Speaker 1: brought out again at a particular date in the future 155 00:08:45,320 --> 00:08:48,720 Speaker 1: was for the Centennial Exhibition in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, and that 156 00:08:48,760 --> 00:08:51,840 Speaker 1: took place in eighteen seventy six. It had a century 157 00:08:51,920 --> 00:08:54,640 Speaker 1: safe that was meant to be opened in nineteen seventy six. 158 00:08:55,280 --> 00:09:00,240 Speaker 1: There might be earlier examples of time capsules out there that, 159 00:09:00,280 --> 00:09:03,640 Speaker 1: in addition to having been buried or sealed away, also 160 00:09:03,840 --> 00:09:06,080 Speaker 1: had a specified opening date, but this is the first 161 00:09:06,080 --> 00:09:10,520 Speaker 1: one we actually have documentation of. And the century safe 162 00:09:10,559 --> 00:09:13,560 Speaker 1: looked just like a safe, but with a purple velvet lining, 163 00:09:13,679 --> 00:09:16,720 Speaker 1: which is a detail I personally love. Uh. This safe 164 00:09:16,760 --> 00:09:20,840 Speaker 1: contained photographs, a book on temperance, and signatures of visitors 165 00:09:20,880 --> 00:09:24,360 Speaker 1: to the Centennial Exhibition, among other things. It was stored 166 00:09:24,400 --> 00:09:27,120 Speaker 1: under the steps of the Pennsylvania State Capital and opened 167 00:09:27,120 --> 00:09:30,880 Speaker 1: in nineteen seventy six. As intended, a new capsule, buried 168 00:09:30,920 --> 00:09:33,720 Speaker 1: in nineteen seventy six is to be opened in twenty 169 00:09:33,840 --> 00:09:37,560 Speaker 1: seventy six. Even though the Century Safe was the first 170 00:09:37,760 --> 00:09:41,960 Speaker 1: true time capsule, the words time capsule had not been 171 00:09:42,040 --> 00:09:45,400 Speaker 1: coined yet. That did not happen until nineteen thirty eight 172 00:09:45,720 --> 00:09:49,920 Speaker 1: leading up to the nineteen nine World's Fair. G Edward Pendre, 173 00:09:50,120 --> 00:09:53,599 Speaker 1: who was a public relations executive for Westinghouse Electric and 174 00:09:53,679 --> 00:09:58,080 Speaker 1: Manufacturing and gets the credit for coming up with the term. Also, uh, 175 00:09:58,160 --> 00:10:00,400 Speaker 1: for a while, because of the shape of what they 176 00:10:00,400 --> 00:10:06,800 Speaker 1: were building, you thought about calling it a time bomb. Uh. 177 00:10:06,840 --> 00:10:09,960 Speaker 1: I'm kind of glad that didn't take off. Um. Before 178 00:10:10,240 --> 00:10:13,520 Speaker 1: the word time capsule was coined, people normally called these 179 00:10:13,559 --> 00:10:18,000 Speaker 1: sorts of things safes or boxes, or similar generic terms. 180 00:10:18,880 --> 00:10:21,520 Speaker 1: Westinghouse was involved with all of this because it was 181 00:10:21,559 --> 00:10:24,840 Speaker 1: constructing the physical container for the World's Fair Time Capsule, 182 00:10:24,880 --> 00:10:28,400 Speaker 1: which was to stand a ground until sixty thirty nine, 183 00:10:28,640 --> 00:10:31,720 Speaker 1: otherwise known as five thousand years from its start date. 184 00:10:32,320 --> 00:10:35,760 Speaker 1: Because these capsules were supposed to stay buried for so long, 185 00:10:36,160 --> 00:10:38,840 Speaker 1: the containers had to be impervious to just about any 186 00:10:38,920 --> 00:10:41,400 Speaker 1: kind of damage that you could think of. The end 187 00:10:41,440 --> 00:10:44,000 Speaker 1: result was a seven and a half foot long or 188 00:10:44,040 --> 00:10:47,400 Speaker 1: two point two meter torpedo like tube made of a 189 00:10:47,480 --> 00:10:51,520 Speaker 1: non corrosive alloy with several interior layers meant to protect 190 00:10:51,520 --> 00:10:59,479 Speaker 1: the contents. These contents included cigarettes, men's and women's grimming tools, magazines, 191 00:10:59,559 --> 00:11:04,120 Speaker 1: and amples of seeds and fabrics. There's also a twenties 192 00:11:04,120 --> 00:11:08,800 Speaker 1: two thousand page microfilm essay, and there are letters from 193 00:11:08,840 --> 00:11:11,959 Speaker 1: such figures as Albert Einstein and then m I T 194 00:11:12,160 --> 00:11:17,360 Speaker 1: President Carl T. Compton. There was huge, huge fanfare around 195 00:11:17,360 --> 00:11:19,600 Speaker 1: the burying of this time capsule, and there's also a 196 00:11:19,679 --> 00:11:22,920 Speaker 1: total replica of it and its contents at the George 197 00:11:22,960 --> 00:11:27,559 Speaker 1: Westinghouse Museum. Running concurrently with the creation of the first 198 00:11:27,559 --> 00:11:31,120 Speaker 1: Westinghouse time capsule was the Crypt of Civilization, and I 199 00:11:31,200 --> 00:11:33,520 Speaker 1: know a lot about this one. This is an incredibly 200 00:11:33,640 --> 00:11:37,280 Speaker 1: huge and involved time capsule at Oglethorpe University, which is 201 00:11:37,320 --> 00:11:40,400 Speaker 1: here in Atlanta and where I used to work. Oglethorpe 202 00:11:40,440 --> 00:11:43,760 Speaker 1: President Thornwell Jacobs led this project, which is an attempt 203 00:11:43,760 --> 00:11:47,200 Speaker 1: to document all of human history. The idea is that 204 00:11:47,280 --> 00:11:50,680 Speaker 1: future archaeologists could just consult the material from this vault 205 00:11:50,960 --> 00:11:54,160 Speaker 1: instead of having to painstakingly recreate an idea of how 206 00:11:54,200 --> 00:11:57,320 Speaker 1: the world worked by piecing together information from lots of 207 00:11:57,320 --> 00:12:01,680 Speaker 1: different dig sites. The of Civilization today is on a 208 00:12:01,800 --> 00:12:05,480 Speaker 1: lower level of the administration building at Oglethorpe. And in 209 00:12:05,520 --> 00:12:08,360 Speaker 1: addition to all the physical items which are inside, which 210 00:12:08,400 --> 00:12:11,680 Speaker 1: are a lot things enormous, it contains more than six 211 00:12:11,760 --> 00:12:15,880 Speaker 1: hundred thousand pages of microfilm which document all sorts of 212 00:12:15,920 --> 00:12:21,000 Speaker 1: historical information. So this crypt was sealed on May ninety 213 00:12:21,360 --> 00:12:23,840 Speaker 1: and it's not supposed to be opened again until the 214 00:12:23,920 --> 00:12:27,880 Speaker 1: year eighty one thirteen, And this is six thousand, one 215 00:12:27,960 --> 00:12:31,360 Speaker 1: hundred seventy seven years from when it was filled up. 216 00:12:31,880 --> 00:12:35,760 Speaker 1: The idea is that as of nineteen forty there were 217 00:12:35,840 --> 00:12:39,120 Speaker 1: six thousand, one hundred seventy seven years of recorded history. 218 00:12:39,400 --> 00:12:43,320 Speaker 1: This crypt acts as like a midpoint between the beginnings 219 00:12:43,320 --> 00:12:47,040 Speaker 1: of recorded history and six thousand, one hundred seventy seven 220 00:12:47,120 --> 00:12:49,480 Speaker 1: years in the future when people can just open this 221 00:12:49,559 --> 00:12:53,520 Speaker 1: thing up to find out all about the past. Yeah, 222 00:12:53,679 --> 00:12:57,440 Speaker 1: And it's just a big door, a big metal door 223 00:12:57,520 --> 00:12:59,600 Speaker 1: that you walk by when you're in the Admin building. 224 00:13:00,040 --> 00:13:02,640 Speaker 1: It has engraving on it, but it's just the door 225 00:13:02,720 --> 00:13:06,080 Speaker 1: that's there that never opens. Because people were inspired by 226 00:13:06,120 --> 00:13:09,760 Speaker 1: the first Westinghouse time Capsule and Oglethorpe's Crypt of Civilization, 227 00:13:10,360 --> 00:13:13,640 Speaker 1: the time capsule Heyday released fan from nineteen five to 228 00:13:13,720 --> 00:13:19,160 Speaker 1: nine two. Because of the Centennial Exhibition, one years became 229 00:13:19,200 --> 00:13:22,160 Speaker 1: a popular time limit for time capsules to remain sealed. 230 00:13:23,160 --> 00:13:27,280 Speaker 1: There are also some connections between that first Westinghouse time 231 00:13:27,280 --> 00:13:31,720 Speaker 1: capsule and the Crypt that Oglethorpe so g Edward Pendre 232 00:13:31,920 --> 00:13:36,720 Speaker 1: had actually called for public support of the Crypt project 233 00:13:37,360 --> 00:13:41,800 Speaker 1: as it was being developed, and conversely, one of the 234 00:13:41,880 --> 00:13:47,120 Speaker 1: letters inside the first Westinghouse time capsule is a letter 235 00:13:47,640 --> 00:13:52,440 Speaker 1: from then Oglethorpe president Thornwell Jacobs um so that like 236 00:13:52,520 --> 00:13:58,040 Speaker 1: there was a lot of crossover between those two projects, uh, 237 00:13:58,160 --> 00:14:01,160 Speaker 1: which I think is pretty cool. We're also now I 238 00:14:01,240 --> 00:14:04,600 Speaker 1: can just talk about some other notable examples of time capsules, 239 00:14:04,640 --> 00:14:07,360 Speaker 1: and this is not at all an exhaustive list, not 240 00:14:07,440 --> 00:14:09,520 Speaker 1: even of the ones that are really big and impressive. 241 00:14:10,520 --> 00:14:14,280 Speaker 1: Westinghouse created a second time capsule for the nineteen sixty 242 00:14:14,360 --> 00:14:17,000 Speaker 1: eight New York World's Fair, and it's almost like an 243 00:14:17,160 --> 00:14:20,160 Speaker 1: update to the first one. It's the exact same size 244 00:14:20,160 --> 00:14:22,920 Speaker 1: and shape, and it's buried about ten feet away, but 245 00:14:23,040 --> 00:14:27,720 Speaker 1: its contents include things that didn't exist when the previous 246 00:14:27,800 --> 00:14:30,440 Speaker 1: time capsule had been put into the grounds. Includes birth 247 00:14:30,440 --> 00:14:35,560 Speaker 1: control pills, an artificial heart valve, credit cards, information about 248 00:14:35,560 --> 00:14:40,600 Speaker 1: atomic energy, and other more modern as of nineteen sixty 249 00:14:40,640 --> 00:14:44,920 Speaker 1: eight stuff. Both the first Westinghouse time capsule and the 250 00:14:44,960 --> 00:14:47,440 Speaker 1: second one are supposed to be opened in sixty nine 251 00:14:47,560 --> 00:14:51,280 Speaker 1: thirty nine together, so that second one is sort of 252 00:14:51,280 --> 00:14:53,000 Speaker 1: like a supplement to the first one rather than a 253 00:14:53,040 --> 00:14:57,240 Speaker 1: whole separate thing with a separate opening date. Two identical 254 00:14:57,320 --> 00:15:00,800 Speaker 1: time capsules were made for expos seventy in a Socca, Japan, 255 00:15:01,480 --> 00:15:03,520 Speaker 1: and one of these is to stay sealed for five 256 00:15:03,560 --> 00:15:06,400 Speaker 1: thousand years, and the other is intended to be opened 257 00:15:06,440 --> 00:15:09,280 Speaker 1: every one hundred years after an initial opening in the 258 00:15:09,360 --> 00:15:12,800 Speaker 1: year two thousand and One reason for this plan is 259 00:15:12,840 --> 00:15:15,560 Speaker 1: to check in and make sure everything's okay, but the 260 00:15:15,600 --> 00:15:18,200 Speaker 1: other is to update the time capsules contents so it 261 00:15:18,280 --> 00:15:21,960 Speaker 1: kind of becomes an ongoing living archive record. And these 262 00:15:21,960 --> 00:15:26,200 Speaker 1: time capsules are shaped like kettles and filled. They weigh 263 00:15:26,200 --> 00:15:29,960 Speaker 1: two point one to metric tons and although their purpose 264 00:15:30,480 --> 00:15:33,720 Speaker 1: was to detail in a very broad cross section life 265 00:15:33,720 --> 00:15:36,880 Speaker 1: in nineteen seventy, which means that they include lots and 266 00:15:36,920 --> 00:15:41,680 Speaker 1: lots of everyday items. There's also historical information including leaflets, films, 267 00:15:41,680 --> 00:15:46,360 Speaker 1: and other recordings, uh, including artifacts from the bombing of Hiroshima. 268 00:15:46,600 --> 00:15:48,760 Speaker 1: And you can actually see the total contents of all 269 00:15:48,800 --> 00:15:52,440 Speaker 1: these things online. Uh, they are available, and there is 270 00:15:52,640 --> 00:15:55,720 Speaker 1: so much stuff jammed into them. Yeah, I really I 271 00:15:55,760 --> 00:16:01,320 Speaker 1: had this moment where I was lummoxed because I stumbled 272 00:16:01,360 --> 00:16:05,440 Speaker 1: across this thing, UH that had, you know, a a 273 00:16:05,480 --> 00:16:07,440 Speaker 1: comprehensive list of everything that's in there, and there are 274 00:16:07,480 --> 00:16:10,040 Speaker 1: pictures of a lot of it. And I am used 275 00:16:10,040 --> 00:16:13,360 Speaker 1: to when you see older pictures of things that were 276 00:16:13,360 --> 00:16:16,040 Speaker 1: taken with earlier digital cameras, they look kind of terrible. 277 00:16:16,080 --> 00:16:19,240 Speaker 1: And I had this moment where I just forgot that 278 00:16:19,400 --> 00:16:22,960 Speaker 1: there were there were film cameras in nineteen seventy. You 279 00:16:23,040 --> 00:16:27,440 Speaker 1: can you can scan pictures from nineteen seventy or film 280 00:16:27,720 --> 00:16:31,200 Speaker 1: from seventy like that still exists, that didn't go away. 281 00:16:31,480 --> 00:16:34,520 Speaker 1: So I had this this moment. But I feel silly confessing, 282 00:16:34,560 --> 00:16:36,320 Speaker 1: but I still want to confess. For I was like, Wow, 283 00:16:36,320 --> 00:16:38,760 Speaker 1: where did they get all these pictures from all right cameras, 284 00:16:38,800 --> 00:16:44,160 Speaker 1: they were still a thing, Tracy, it had been a 285 00:16:44,160 --> 00:16:48,880 Speaker 1: long day. Um. There is a one year time capsule 286 00:16:48,960 --> 00:16:52,480 Speaker 1: that was created in Juneo, Alaska in n and this 287 00:16:52,520 --> 00:16:55,680 Speaker 1: one is huge because it was created using thousands of 288 00:16:55,720 --> 00:16:59,520 Speaker 1: items that were collected from Juneau residents. It's housed in 289 00:16:59,560 --> 00:17:02,240 Speaker 1: a convert lobby of a government building and you can 290 00:17:02,280 --> 00:17:04,520 Speaker 1: see some of the contents through two windows that go 291 00:17:04,600 --> 00:17:07,320 Speaker 1: to the outside. It's also lit with electric lights that 292 00:17:07,320 --> 00:17:09,640 Speaker 1: can be changed from the outside, so it's it can 293 00:17:09,640 --> 00:17:12,639 Speaker 1: be lit while still being totally sealed up. That's a 294 00:17:12,640 --> 00:17:17,720 Speaker 1: pretty cool feature. Uh. There's a fortieth anniversary time castle 295 00:17:17,920 --> 00:17:21,359 Speaker 1: that was buried in Disneyland in Anaheim, California, on July 296 00:17:21,440 --> 00:17:24,600 Speaker 1: seventeenth of nine, and that is to be opened on 297 00:17:24,640 --> 00:17:28,600 Speaker 1: that same date in the year. Here's hoping I'm there 298 00:17:28,640 --> 00:17:32,480 Speaker 1: for that. Yeah, it's like it's hotly gonna go. Uh. 299 00:17:32,640 --> 00:17:34,800 Speaker 1: It does look like a castle, which is why it 300 00:17:34,920 --> 00:17:39,760 Speaker 1: is called that. Um. Really, a hundred years is a 301 00:17:39,760 --> 00:17:42,280 Speaker 1: pretty standard time for a time capsule now, and then 302 00:17:42,320 --> 00:17:45,480 Speaker 1: we have these really fascinating millennial ones that go on 303 00:17:45,680 --> 00:17:49,199 Speaker 1: for a thousand years and beyond. But when the Internet 304 00:17:49,280 --> 00:17:52,800 Speaker 1: took off and things started changing at a super rapid pace. 305 00:17:53,640 --> 00:17:56,080 Speaker 1: M I T made a time capsule of the Online 306 00:17:56,160 --> 00:18:00,040 Speaker 1: World CORC at the Sloane School of Management, and that 307 00:18:00,119 --> 00:18:02,840 Speaker 1: one was to be opened after five years because the 308 00:18:02,840 --> 00:18:07,480 Speaker 1: Internet was evolving so rapidly. Aside from those that we've 309 00:18:07,520 --> 00:18:11,280 Speaker 1: just mentioned, all over the world there are boxes of documents, coins, 310 00:18:11,320 --> 00:18:14,320 Speaker 1: and household items just waiting to be dug up. And 311 00:18:14,359 --> 00:18:16,680 Speaker 1: we'll talk about what can go wrong on that front 312 00:18:16,840 --> 00:18:20,119 Speaker 1: after we have another quick word from a sponsor. So 313 00:18:20,240 --> 00:18:23,520 Speaker 1: the sad truth is, as much as people like the 314 00:18:23,560 --> 00:18:27,320 Speaker 1: idea of burying things for posterity, a lot of time 315 00:18:27,400 --> 00:18:31,360 Speaker 1: capsules just fail. In some cases they haven't even made 316 00:18:31,359 --> 00:18:34,159 Speaker 1: it to their burial or their ceiling. There was a 317 00:18:34,160 --> 00:18:36,639 Speaker 1: time capsule made for the US by Centennial that went 318 00:18:36,680 --> 00:18:39,480 Speaker 1: on a national tour with signatures from all over the 319 00:18:39,520 --> 00:18:42,240 Speaker 1: country that we're supposed to be collected and put inside, 320 00:18:42,680 --> 00:18:44,600 Speaker 1: and it made it through that whole tour, but then 321 00:18:44,720 --> 00:18:48,200 Speaker 1: was stolen from the truck at the burial site before 322 00:18:48,280 --> 00:18:52,280 Speaker 1: it could actually be buried. Capsules and their contents have 323 00:18:52,400 --> 00:18:55,840 Speaker 1: also been lost thanks to leaks, demolitions, and people just 324 00:18:55,880 --> 00:18:57,919 Speaker 1: forgetting that they were buried in the first place, or 325 00:18:57,960 --> 00:19:01,320 Speaker 1: that they existed at all. So, in addition to trying 326 00:19:01,359 --> 00:19:04,200 Speaker 1: to preserve all of human history up to nineteen forty 327 00:19:04,280 --> 00:19:07,520 Speaker 1: in the Cryptic Civilization, Oglethorpe is also trying to keep 328 00:19:07,560 --> 00:19:10,120 Speaker 1: track of all those time capsules so that nothing else 329 00:19:10,160 --> 00:19:13,760 Speaker 1: gets lost, and that's via the International Time Capsule Society, 330 00:19:13,800 --> 00:19:17,439 Speaker 1: which was established in nine. Yeah. One of the reasons 331 00:19:17,440 --> 00:19:19,880 Speaker 1: that they really wanted to get that time capsule out 332 00:19:19,920 --> 00:19:22,600 Speaker 1: of the lions Head Statue was because they did not 333 00:19:23,119 --> 00:19:25,680 Speaker 1: really know how it had been packaged and whether everything 334 00:19:25,720 --> 00:19:28,160 Speaker 1: and there had already been destroyed because of water, which 335 00:19:28,160 --> 00:19:32,560 Speaker 1: it hadn't, which was great. Uh. But there's also the 336 00:19:32,600 --> 00:19:35,320 Speaker 1: fact that a lot of times what's inside a typical 337 00:19:35,320 --> 00:19:40,040 Speaker 1: time capsule turns out to be really underwhelming once it's opened. 338 00:19:40,800 --> 00:19:43,160 Speaker 1: The very nature of time capsules means that a lot 339 00:19:43,160 --> 00:19:48,160 Speaker 1: of times they're full of newspapers and coins and photographs people, uh, 340 00:19:48,359 --> 00:19:50,880 Speaker 1: letters from people who were famous a hundred years ago 341 00:19:50,920 --> 00:19:55,040 Speaker 1: but nobody knows who they are now, and basically obsolete junk. 342 00:19:55,640 --> 00:20:00,040 Speaker 1: There's even a article in the Onion titled newly on 343 00:20:00,080 --> 00:20:03,880 Speaker 1: Earth time Capsule just full of useless old crap, which 344 00:20:03,960 --> 00:20:07,879 Speaker 1: made fun of both people's responses to what you usually 345 00:20:07,880 --> 00:20:11,160 Speaker 1: find when you open a time capsule and the types 346 00:20:11,200 --> 00:20:13,479 Speaker 1: of things that people select to put in there. Like 347 00:20:13,520 --> 00:20:17,760 Speaker 1: there's there's several layers of humor going on. Uh, this 348 00:20:17,840 --> 00:20:20,160 Speaker 1: is actually kind of funny to me. How often people 349 00:20:20,240 --> 00:20:23,840 Speaker 1: open a time capsule and like, no one is impressed 350 00:20:23,840 --> 00:20:26,440 Speaker 1: with what was inside because it's just newspapers and coins. 351 00:20:26,840 --> 00:20:29,040 Speaker 1: And yet when the time capsule was made, there were 352 00:20:29,160 --> 00:20:32,320 Speaker 1: knocked down, drag out fights about what to put inside 353 00:20:32,320 --> 00:20:36,320 Speaker 1: of there. Oh yeah, people are as angry about what 354 00:20:36,440 --> 00:20:39,080 Speaker 1: to put in time capsules as they were within all 355 00:20:39,240 --> 00:20:42,480 Speaker 1: of our Facebook posts about taking them out, because they 356 00:20:42,520 --> 00:20:45,200 Speaker 1: want to make sure the exact correct picture of that 357 00:20:45,359 --> 00:20:50,399 Speaker 1: time period is created with the contents. But even if 358 00:20:50,400 --> 00:20:53,240 Speaker 1: people didn't find their contents boring, more often than not, 359 00:20:53,440 --> 00:20:57,440 Speaker 1: the same objects placed inside time capsules are also preserved 360 00:20:57,480 --> 00:21:01,159 Speaker 1: better at museums and other archives. It's very rare that 361 00:21:01,200 --> 00:21:04,680 Speaker 1: someone opens a time capsule to discover something that's actually 362 00:21:04,720 --> 00:21:09,800 Speaker 1: a unique find. Usually you can see a better preserved 363 00:21:09,880 --> 00:21:15,640 Speaker 1: one of the exact same thing in one or many museums. However, 364 00:21:15,760 --> 00:21:19,800 Speaker 1: all of that said, time capsules usually inspire an interest 365 00:21:19,840 --> 00:21:22,280 Speaker 1: in history and some civic pride, at least in the 366 00:21:22,320 --> 00:21:26,280 Speaker 1: short term, and that counts when they're created and again 367 00:21:26,320 --> 00:21:29,239 Speaker 1: when they're opened, and especially for the ones they are 368 00:21:29,240 --> 00:21:31,359 Speaker 1: meant to stay sealed up for thousands of years, the 369 00:21:31,440 --> 00:21:35,400 Speaker 1: containers themselves can involve tremendous feats of engineering. This has 370 00:21:35,520 --> 00:21:38,000 Speaker 1: especially been true for all of these ones. They're supposed 371 00:21:38,040 --> 00:21:41,000 Speaker 1: to stay sealed up for many thousands of years. So 372 00:21:41,160 --> 00:21:44,800 Speaker 1: while people might classify their contents into the category of 373 00:21:44,840 --> 00:21:49,600 Speaker 1: worthless junk, their creation has a different type of worth. 374 00:21:50,960 --> 00:21:53,160 Speaker 1: And back to those time capsules that we talked about 375 00:21:53,200 --> 00:21:56,240 Speaker 1: at the very beginning of the show, the Lion statue 376 00:21:56,400 --> 00:21:58,560 Speaker 1: is back on top of the old State House, complete 377 00:21:58,560 --> 00:22:01,240 Speaker 1: with a new time capsule, and this time it's in 378 00:22:01,280 --> 00:22:04,720 Speaker 1: the lions scroll, so future generations will have easier access 379 00:22:04,760 --> 00:22:07,840 Speaker 1: to it. Among the contents of that capsule are an 380 00:22:07,880 --> 00:22:11,359 Speaker 1: iPhone five. Apple apparently would not provide an iPhone six 381 00:22:11,400 --> 00:22:15,320 Speaker 1: for this Foreign Relations of the United States nineteen seventy 382 00:22:15,320 --> 00:22:18,640 Speaker 1: seven to nineteen eighty volume three to replace a copy 383 00:22:18,720 --> 00:22:21,640 Speaker 1: of Foreign Relations of the United States eighteen ninety six. 384 00:22:21,720 --> 00:22:24,439 Speaker 1: It was in the prior box basically to fill space, 385 00:22:25,080 --> 00:22:28,200 Speaker 1: a number of letters and photos and a Boston Marathon Medal. 386 00:22:28,680 --> 00:22:31,280 Speaker 1: The original items were on display at the Old State 387 00:22:31,280 --> 00:22:36,280 Speaker 1: House for several weeks over December fourteen and into January. 388 00:22:36,560 --> 00:22:39,280 Speaker 1: The items inside were delicate enough that after that point 389 00:22:39,359 --> 00:22:42,760 Speaker 1: they were returned to the archives for preservation. Yeah, they 390 00:22:42,760 --> 00:22:47,320 Speaker 1: were actually preserved incredibly well, uh, considering how old the 391 00:22:47,320 --> 00:22:49,040 Speaker 1: time capsule was and how it had just been in 392 00:22:49,040 --> 00:22:52,399 Speaker 1: this statue out in the elements for so long. But 393 00:22:52,480 --> 00:22:55,080 Speaker 1: they did want to make sure that they lasted long 394 00:22:55,119 --> 00:22:57,520 Speaker 1: into the future, so they didn't stand public display for 395 00:22:57,560 --> 00:23:00,600 Speaker 1: all that long. The time capsule that was removed from 396 00:23:00,600 --> 00:23:03,440 Speaker 1: the cornerstone at the Old State House is also going 397 00:23:03,480 --> 00:23:05,920 Speaker 1: to go back in June, and it's going to include 398 00:23:05,920 --> 00:23:09,640 Speaker 1: its original contents having been cleaned and restored, along with 399 00:23:09,720 --> 00:23:12,879 Speaker 1: some new items along in the same vein basically what 400 00:23:12,960 --> 00:23:15,600 Speaker 1: was in there before. We're newspapers and coins to things 401 00:23:15,640 --> 00:23:20,239 Speaker 1: of that nature. Um. Its original contents were displayed at 402 00:23:20,240 --> 00:23:22,800 Speaker 1: the Museum of Fine Arts in Boston during March and April. 403 00:23:24,240 --> 00:23:27,359 Speaker 1: The Bostonian Society and the Museum of Fine Arts also 404 00:23:27,440 --> 00:23:30,959 Speaker 1: both documented what was inside those boxes and put lots 405 00:23:30,960 --> 00:23:34,680 Speaker 1: of pictures and details on their websites. Yeah, so people 406 00:23:34,720 --> 00:23:38,120 Speaker 1: felt like they were being hidden away from public view. 407 00:23:38,160 --> 00:23:42,919 Speaker 1: They really really weren't. Tracy, Can you now have a 408 00:23:42,920 --> 00:23:45,359 Speaker 1: little bit of listener mail for us. I do have 409 00:23:45,400 --> 00:23:48,520 Speaker 1: a little bit of listener mail. Before I do that, 410 00:23:49,840 --> 00:23:52,399 Speaker 1: I have a correction, and it is a correction to 411 00:23:52,840 --> 00:23:56,960 Speaker 1: our Luisa ma Alcott episode in which, uh, in one 412 00:23:57,040 --> 00:23:59,800 Speaker 1: sentence we say that she got typhoid and in another 413 00:24:00,000 --> 00:24:02,560 Speaker 1: intance we say that she got typhus. And we know 414 00:24:02,640 --> 00:24:04,800 Speaker 1: those are two different diseases. And have you even talked 415 00:24:04,800 --> 00:24:08,160 Speaker 1: about those being two different diseases on the show yet 416 00:24:08,320 --> 00:24:13,600 Speaker 1: I messed it up in my note taking it. So 417 00:24:14,000 --> 00:24:17,280 Speaker 1: some days are better than others. You didn't and I didn't, 418 00:24:17,480 --> 00:24:20,760 Speaker 1: and our producer Nol didn't. No one caught it. It's 419 00:24:20,760 --> 00:24:24,639 Speaker 1: a thing that happened sometimes, so uh, I apologize for 420 00:24:24,680 --> 00:24:29,760 Speaker 1: that error. Our our listener mail is from Katie, and 421 00:24:29,840 --> 00:24:32,920 Speaker 1: Katie says, Dear Tracy and Holly, I love your podcast 422 00:24:33,000 --> 00:24:34,920 Speaker 1: and I was so excited to hear the episode about 423 00:24:34,920 --> 00:24:37,919 Speaker 1: the history of special education. As a moderate to severe 424 00:24:38,000 --> 00:24:42,520 Speaker 1: disabilities special education teacher as well as an instructor for 425 00:24:42,600 --> 00:24:45,760 Speaker 1: college level special education courses, it was very exciting to 426 00:24:45,760 --> 00:24:48,840 Speaker 1: have you share this information with your listeners. Like in 427 00:24:48,920 --> 00:24:51,240 Speaker 1: other civil rights movements, our country has come a long 428 00:24:51,280 --> 00:24:54,760 Speaker 1: way in improving the treatment of individuals with disabilities. One 429 00:24:54,760 --> 00:24:57,280 Speaker 1: part of the history of special education that you did 430 00:24:57,280 --> 00:25:00,879 Speaker 1: not talk about is standardized assessment. With a child left behind, 431 00:25:00,960 --> 00:25:04,040 Speaker 1: we must administer a state assessment to all children, regardless 432 00:25:04,080 --> 00:25:08,200 Speaker 1: of disability. This includes children that have the most severe disabilities. 433 00:25:08,600 --> 00:25:11,800 Speaker 1: Like other standardized assessments, these are created by the state 434 00:25:12,080 --> 00:25:14,800 Speaker 1: that administers them. While this sounds like a step in 435 00:25:14,840 --> 00:25:17,600 Speaker 1: the right direction, often these alternate assessments are not a 436 00:25:17,680 --> 00:25:21,960 Speaker 1: valid measure of student learning for low incident students. Many 437 00:25:22,000 --> 00:25:24,919 Speaker 1: of them involve using common Core standards and are presented 438 00:25:24,920 --> 00:25:26,919 Speaker 1: at a level that most of the students taking it 439 00:25:26,960 --> 00:25:29,400 Speaker 1: cannot access. At the end of your podcast, you made 440 00:25:29,400 --> 00:25:32,440 Speaker 1: a comment that even though special education teachers have good intentions, 441 00:25:32,720 --> 00:25:35,440 Speaker 1: often it's difficult to get i EPs written and implemented. 442 00:25:35,840 --> 00:25:38,680 Speaker 1: For many of us that teach students with moderate severe disabilities, 443 00:25:38,720 --> 00:25:41,399 Speaker 1: the assessment plays a large role in this struggle. The 444 00:25:41,440 --> 00:25:44,880 Speaker 1: assessments often have a portfolio component component of some sort 445 00:25:45,000 --> 00:25:48,200 Speaker 1: that require the teacher to create and implement work samples 446 00:25:48,200 --> 00:25:51,240 Speaker 1: and probes for the assessments. This is very time consuming 447 00:25:51,240 --> 00:25:52,840 Speaker 1: and often takes away from the time that we have 448 00:25:52,920 --> 00:25:55,720 Speaker 1: to work with the students on functional skills and interact 449 00:25:55,760 --> 00:25:58,560 Speaker 1: with them at their level. There are a few initiatives 450 00:25:58,600 --> 00:26:01,040 Speaker 1: in the US that are working on creating an assessment 451 00:26:01,040 --> 00:26:03,679 Speaker 1: that would be a more valid measure of student growth 452 00:26:03,960 --> 00:26:07,440 Speaker 1: for MSD students. These initiatives are still several years from 453 00:26:07,520 --> 00:26:09,800 Speaker 1: being completed, and it will be up to the states 454 00:26:09,840 --> 00:26:12,560 Speaker 1: to adopt them. Uh And then she goes on to 455 00:26:13,400 --> 00:26:16,919 Speaker 1: suggest a topic for the future. UM, So, thank you 456 00:26:17,040 --> 00:26:20,800 Speaker 1: Katie for writing in This was actually UH my mom's 457 00:26:20,840 --> 00:26:24,480 Speaker 1: experience with the children that she worked in with When 458 00:26:24,520 --> 00:26:28,359 Speaker 1: she was working in residential care for children with multiple disabilities. 459 00:26:28,359 --> 00:26:31,000 Speaker 1: She worked with a lot of children who, like their 460 00:26:31,040 --> 00:26:33,480 Speaker 1: i EP goals, would not be about things like learning 461 00:26:33,520 --> 00:26:35,399 Speaker 1: to read or write. They would be about things like 462 00:26:35,520 --> 00:26:39,720 Speaker 1: learning to swallow independently, or like learning to make eye 463 00:26:39,760 --> 00:26:41,840 Speaker 1: contact with other people. So it was a definitely a 464 00:26:41,840 --> 00:26:44,600 Speaker 1: different world than what people usually think of as education. 465 00:26:45,000 --> 00:26:49,480 Speaker 1: But those things all still counted as learning, but definitely 466 00:26:49,520 --> 00:26:52,359 Speaker 1: would not be included on some kind of state assessment 467 00:26:52,720 --> 00:26:57,040 Speaker 1: of their skills. So thank you, Katie. UH. If you 468 00:26:57,040 --> 00:26:58,640 Speaker 1: would like to write to us about this or any 469 00:26:58,680 --> 00:27:01,359 Speaker 1: other topic. We're at his three podcast at how stuff 470 00:27:01,359 --> 00:27:04,080 Speaker 1: works dot com. We're also on Facebook at Facebook dot 471 00:27:04,080 --> 00:27:06,280 Speaker 1: com slash miss in history and on Twitter at miss 472 00:27:06,320 --> 00:27:09,480 Speaker 1: in History. Our tumbler is at misson history dot tumbler 473 00:27:09,520 --> 00:27:11,640 Speaker 1: dot com and are also on Pinterest at pinterest dot 474 00:27:11,640 --> 00:27:15,320 Speaker 1: com slash missed in History. You have a spreadshirt store 475 00:27:15,400 --> 00:27:18,119 Speaker 1: at misson history dot spreadshirt dot com full of phone 476 00:27:18,119 --> 00:27:21,080 Speaker 1: cases and shirts and whatnot. If you would like to 477 00:27:21,119 --> 00:27:23,520 Speaker 1: learn more about what we talked about today, you can 478 00:27:23,720 --> 00:27:26,080 Speaker 1: come to our parent company's website, that is how stuff 479 00:27:26,080 --> 00:27:28,800 Speaker 1: works dot com. Write the word archaeology in the search 480 00:27:28,840 --> 00:27:32,240 Speaker 1: bar and you will learn about how we do most 481 00:27:32,280 --> 00:27:34,720 Speaker 1: of our learning about past when it comes to digging 482 00:27:34,760 --> 00:27:37,440 Speaker 1: things up, which is more through archaeological study than through 483 00:27:37,440 --> 00:27:41,520 Speaker 1: time capsules, which are often cool but not often actually 484 00:27:41,640 --> 00:27:45,240 Speaker 1: archaeologically notable doing at our website, which is missed in 485 00:27:45,320 --> 00:27:47,359 Speaker 1: history dot com, and you can find show notes and 486 00:27:47,400 --> 00:27:49,840 Speaker 1: an archive everything that we have ever done in terms 487 00:27:49,840 --> 00:27:52,399 Speaker 1: of our episodes, and lots of other cool stuff. So 488 00:27:52,680 --> 00:27:54,240 Speaker 1: you can do all that and a whole lot more 489 00:27:54,320 --> 00:27:56,480 Speaker 1: at how stuff works dot com or miss the history 490 00:27:56,520 --> 00:28:04,120 Speaker 1: dot com for more onness and thousands of other topics 491 00:28:04,240 --> 00:28:05,720 Speaker 1: doesn't has to works on moon.