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Speaker 1: Welcome to Stuff to Blow your Mind from how Stuff

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Speaker 1: Works dot com. Hey, you're welcome to Stuff to Blow

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Speaker 1: your mind. My name is Robert Lamb and I'm Julie Douglas.

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Speaker 1: You know, milk is one of those things that we

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Speaker 1: really take for granted. I mean, it's, uh, it's a

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Speaker 1: certain amount of This is kind of an outragious overstatement

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Speaker 1: the obvious, but milk is this amazing, nutritious beverage that

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Speaker 1: is produced by a mammal so that a larval mammal

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Speaker 1: can can grow and and develop and uh and actually

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Speaker 1: have a shot at life. Yeah. Yeah, when you think

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Speaker 1: of milk, you should probably just think about the milk

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Speaker 1: campaign got milk? Yeah, um, But if you think about

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Speaker 1: it in a different way, it's it's actually in the

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Speaker 1: news quite a bit in the form of breastfeeding, and

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Speaker 1: I just wanted to mention that it's it is interesting

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Speaker 1: when you think about breastfeeding is becoming this polar de

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Speaker 1: sized action because it is natural to mammals to do this,

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Speaker 1: and yet legislation exists so that people, humans can actually

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Speaker 1: breastfeed in public. Believe it or not. Um, the the

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Speaker 1: the human human breast exists um solely to to to

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Speaker 1: nurture another creature. Despite all the other things you see

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Speaker 1: breast doing UM in our media and in our art

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Speaker 1: and our world at large. I mean, this is the

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Speaker 1: one thing that they're here for, and it's the one

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Speaker 1: thing that some people get up tied about and say, ah,

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Speaker 1: that needs to be that needs to happen behind closed doors.

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Speaker 1: So pull that out on the train. Yeah, I know,

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Speaker 1: it's crazy. Here in the United States, forty five states,

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Speaker 1: the District of Columbia, and the Virgin Islands have laws

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Speaker 1: that specifically allow women to breastfeed in any public or

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Speaker 1: private location. Twenty eight states, as well as the District

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Speaker 1: of Columbia and the Virgin Islands again exempt breastfeeding from

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Speaker 1: public indecency laws. Uh No. In twenty four states, including

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Speaker 1: d C in Puerto Rico, have laws related to breastfeeding

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Speaker 1: in the workplace. That the fact that we even have

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Speaker 1: to have laws in the workplace to make sure that

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Speaker 1: breastfeeding can occurs is just kind of odd. Yeah, because well,

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Speaker 1: we're not talking about public urination here or or or defecation.

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Speaker 1: I mean, this is this and this is a This

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Speaker 1: is not a waste producing act. This is a UM,

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Speaker 1: a life giving act. That's part of the natural mammal process. Yeah,

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Speaker 1: and as we discovered, it's not just mother's milk. Um,

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Speaker 1: it's it's also someone else's milk. But I'm not gonna

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Speaker 1: spoil that right now. I'm not going to spoil that plot. Um.

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Speaker 1: But let's talk about what exactly milk is. Yeah, and

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Speaker 1: this is this also sounds kind of like an outrageous question.

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Speaker 1: What is milk? What's that stuff that comes out of

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Speaker 1: out of a mammal's breast. It's that stuff that you

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Speaker 1: buy at the grocery market and the big, big containers.

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Speaker 1: It's that stuff and that can that I take back

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Speaker 1: to the kitten in the morning and occasionally accidentally drink

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Speaker 1: out of. Um, it's kind of chalky, you know. Yeah,

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Speaker 1: but but no, um, Yeah, what what is milk when

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Speaker 1: you when you break it down and you actually look

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Speaker 1: at the formula, Well, it's basically a complex emulsion of antibodies,

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Speaker 1: flat globules and water and a fine dispersion of suspension

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Speaker 1: or suspension of cassine macellis. And these are proteins that

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Speaker 1: supply amino acids, carbohydrates, calcium, and phosphorus. And the interesting

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Speaker 1: thing about this is that fat, protein, and sugar content

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Speaker 1: differs across the million species. Yeah, and it differs quite

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Speaker 1: a lot. Um For example, that the fat content of

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Speaker 1: milk may be as high as six and seals uh

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Speaker 1: and completely negligible in the early lactation stages of something

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Speaker 1: like a wallaby. Um. And then you get it into

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Speaker 1: interesting distinctions there too, because uh, some some mammal milk

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Speaker 1: is just straight up you know, the pretty much the

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Speaker 1: same formula nutritions from from the early stages of lactation

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Speaker 1: through the latter stages of lactation. Other animals, the chemistry

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Speaker 1: the milk changes a bit as they go on, fulfilling

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Speaker 1: fulfilling certain biological needs early on and becoming more nutritious

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Speaker 1: as as the uh, as the the animal progresses. Yeah.

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Speaker 1: And in humans, breast milk actually isn't even produced right away. Instead,

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Speaker 1: a substance called colostrum, sometimes called liquid gold, is produced

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Speaker 1: before a woman's milk comes in, and claustrum is um.

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Speaker 1: It's high in carbohydrates, high in protein, high in antibodies,

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Speaker 1: and low and fat. And it's called liquid gold because

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Speaker 1: there's not a whole lot of it that's produced. But

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Speaker 1: the stuff that is produced is really dense um. It's

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Speaker 1: very thick, and it's great for newborns who find it

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Speaker 1: difficult to digest at that point because it does have

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Speaker 1: that low fat content, and its role is to coat

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Speaker 1: the baby's digestive t with beneficial bacteria and act actually

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Speaker 1: is a laxative and the reason for this is that

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Speaker 1: it helps the baby clear any excess billy reuben from

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Speaker 1: its system, which if you didn't clear that would uh

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Speaker 1: may actually result in having a jaundice or something along

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Speaker 1: those lines. Then that's like baby poo. Well, the term

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Speaker 1: for baby pooh actually is maconium. But it's this billy

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Speaker 1: rub in, this excess amount that that the baby's body

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Speaker 1: actually wants to get rid of, and it does that

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Speaker 1: through excreting okay, pop, and this helps facilitate that process.

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Speaker 1: So it's it's it's like it's not not just milk

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Speaker 1: as they a product of the mother as much as

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Speaker 1: like it's this targeted um biological agent. It's really doing

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Speaker 1: certain unique things that we can continue to discuss here,

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Speaker 1: a certain unique things that will aid that new creature survival.

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Speaker 1: That's right, has a lot to do with immunity and

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Speaker 1: just kind of setting up a kid's system for life really,

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Speaker 1: So how long have we had mammalion milk? At least

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Speaker 1: a hundred and sixty million years? And again this seems

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Speaker 1: sort of like one of those things take totally for granted, like, oh, yes,

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Speaker 1: we've have hasn't this always been going on? Um? But

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Speaker 1: the Bovine Lactation Genome Consortium compared one hundred and ninety

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Speaker 1: seven milk and memory genes from cattle in more than

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Speaker 1: six thousand memory related genes with other genes in the

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Speaker 1: bovine KENO. And these genes were then compared with similar

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Speaker 1: ones from a platypus and a possum human, a dog

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Speaker 1: and mouse, and a rat. And they use this data

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Speaker 1: to figure out that the most common ancestor of the

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Speaker 1: animal or these animals would have lived about a hundred

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Speaker 1: and sixty million years ago. But mammals origins actually go

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Speaker 1: back to a mammal like reptile called synapsids, and that's uh,

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Speaker 1: that actually occurs in the fossil record about three hundred

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Speaker 1: and ten million years ago, so one d and sixty

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Speaker 1: million at least. Okay, And from there we see like

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Speaker 1: again just a number of different varieties of milk. The

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Speaker 1: nutritional specifics of that milk is going to vary from

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Speaker 1: species to species. Uh, some of it is just really incredible.

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Speaker 1: Like I was reading about the blue whale. Um, the

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Speaker 1: blue a newborn blue whale feeding just on milk will

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Speaker 1: gain two hundred pounds a day, which is which is incredible.

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Speaker 1: I mean that, and that just shows you the I

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Speaker 1: mean the importance of the milk. It's like it's it's

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Speaker 1: taking this fledgling creature, this um that that by all

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Speaker 1: rights and purposes, is not long for this world. It

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Speaker 1: makes all the difference by just pumping just vast amounts

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Speaker 1: of food and nutrient into the body. Yeah. One of

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Speaker 1: the things that the researchers found that was similar across

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Speaker 1: all species is that the milk proteins related to secreting

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Speaker 1: the milk remain the same, so that across the species,

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Speaker 1: same thing the place where they diverged with the nutritional

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Speaker 1: and immunological components of the milk. And of course, if

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Speaker 1: you've got a baby wheel that's gaining two hundred pounds

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Speaker 1: a day, it's going to be stocked in a different

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Speaker 1: way with nutrients. Um. So let's give some more examples

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Speaker 1: of other species in what they're up to with with

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Speaker 1: milk and breastfeeding. All right, well this this is a

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Speaker 1: not particularly scientific but I found it interesting in the

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Speaker 1: rest on the less, according to a Telegraph article, Um,

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Speaker 1: the milk of the giraffe is technically kosher. Um. They're

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Speaker 1: they're the Safari Park Zoo and Rama Ghan it's Israel's

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Speaker 1: largest zoo. They had a team that took a root

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Speaker 1: teen samples of milk and found that it clotted in

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Speaker 1: the way required by Jewish law for kosher certification. Uh.

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Speaker 1: They submitted more milk for verification. So the rabbi's waged

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Speaker 1: in and they found that giraffe milk, but also giraffe

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Speaker 1: meat was acceptable for observant juice. So there you go,

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Speaker 1: giraffe on the menu. Um. Okay, Well, let's look at

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Speaker 1: our friends, chimpanzees and binobos. They actually wean they're young

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Speaker 1: at the age of four or five, whereas guerrillas do

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Speaker 1: about a year earlier. Um. And they you know, anthropologists

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Speaker 1: aren't quite sure why that's the case, like why there

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Speaker 1: would be a differentiation there. Um. You know, you I

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Speaker 1: guess you could guess that it had to do with

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Speaker 1: maybe the society or the community that these animals are

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Speaker 1: living in and um, some of the different things that

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Speaker 1: they're up against. UM. But one of the things I

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Speaker 1: wanted to point out is that anthropologists have studied the

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Speaker 1: weaning customs of hunter gatherer societies, societies, human societies, and

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Speaker 1: they found a significant variation within them. They actually talked

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Speaker 1: about the Kung sand of the Kahlari Desert and they

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Speaker 1: stopped breastfeeding at around four or five years of age.

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Speaker 1: The Hodsa of Tanzania ween about six months earlier than

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Speaker 1: the Kung, and the Auchi people of Paraguay queen earlier

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Speaker 1: at about three years of a. So again there's there's

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Speaker 1: this idea of that human culture and lifestyles influenced that.

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Speaker 1: Now here in the West, UM. And this is from

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Speaker 1: the Christian Science Monitor, only an estimated thirty five percent

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Speaker 1: of American moms are exclusively breastfeeding their children at three months,

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Speaker 1: even though the American Academy of Pediatrics suggests about six

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Speaker 1: months to be the cutoff date. And then less than

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Speaker 1: half of moms nurse at all at six months, So

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Speaker 1: you can see there's obviously a huge decline in the

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Speaker 1: West when it comes to breastfeeding and UM and weaning UM.

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Speaker 1: And then of course the numbers of breastfeeding moms dropped

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Speaker 1: significantly as the child get older. As the child gets older,

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Speaker 1: And this has been in the media a lot because

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Speaker 1: Time recently ran this cover. I don't know if you

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Speaker 1: remember this, but it was I think it was maybe

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Speaker 1: a model who was still breastfeeding her child at the

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Speaker 1: age of three. Yeah. Yeah, this was the cover that

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Speaker 1: was kind of controversial, and it was one of those

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Speaker 1: situations where the the internet. I don't know that I

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Speaker 1: ever saw the original cover. I just saw various um

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Speaker 1: takes on it and where they would like replace the

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Speaker 1: mom with I don't know, like the creature from Alien

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Speaker 1: or something, you know, and I forget, we forget what

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Speaker 1: all the other versions were. But but but yeah, it's

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Speaker 1: caused quite sure it did, and well because it's it's

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Speaker 1: uncommon um again in you know, the West, particularly United States,

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Speaker 1: for a mother to breastfeed at that age. But also

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Speaker 1: there was you know, a firestorm of controversy because people

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Speaker 1: thought that the way that it was portrayed it was

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Speaker 1: sexualizing the act. And again going back to breastfeeding and laws,

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Speaker 1: at least here in the United States, it makes me

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Speaker 1: think about how we sometimes really trying to divorce ourselves

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Speaker 1: from our animal selves and why this topic becomes um

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Speaker 1: controversial in the first place. Yeah, and you you do

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Speaker 1: often see it and just thinking of a various like

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Speaker 1: you know, the sitcom's movies, even the there's a there's

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Speaker 1: a character in Game of Thrones where it's this sort

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Speaker 1: of crazy mom character and she's still breastfeeding her sickly

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Speaker 1: child at a very um in a fairly advanced age. Um,

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Speaker 1: and it's you know, it's it's depicted as something unnatural

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Speaker 1: and kind of monstrous. But but but again that's from

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Speaker 1: the western uh viewpoint on the topic. And and certainly,

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Speaker 1: like like a lot of things that end up disgusting

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Speaker 1: some people, it's it's the idea that anything that connects

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Speaker 1: us to our animal nature, be it uh, be it

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Speaker 1: something like like breastfeeding or something having to do with

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Speaker 1: our digestive properties. Um it, you know, it reminds us

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Speaker 1: of our bodies in a way that we don't like

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Speaker 1: to think about. Yeah. And but of course there are

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Speaker 1: a lot of proponents of breastfeeding. They're out there. They're

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Speaker 1: again trying to influence legislation and try to educate people

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Speaker 1: about the benefits of that. The problem is is that

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Speaker 1: not only do you have this this idea of the

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Speaker 1: animal self that that people sort of need to try

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Speaker 1: to get their heads around. Um. But you also have

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Speaker 1: the problem of modern society itself where it does it's

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Speaker 1: not really set up to support a breastfeeding woman. Yeah,

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Speaker 1: and I mean you end up with the situation, Yeah,

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Speaker 1: it's not set up to support breastfeeding women. And then

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Speaker 1: so and and if it is, it's something that's in

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Speaker 1: a closet somewhere, right, you're referring to a lot of work. Um,

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Speaker 1: so it remains the thing you stick away in a

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Speaker 1: closet or like O, I'll do that at home. And

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Speaker 1: and so there's no I mean, there's reduced public awareness

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Speaker 1: of it. So it remains kind of taboo because it's

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Speaker 1: not out in the open um right right. In Maternity

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Speaker 1: leave is pretty spotty too, because I mean it's like

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Speaker 1: what six weeks fm L a Family Medical Leave Act

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Speaker 1: that that you're allowed to take unpaid, but not every

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Speaker 1: business actually um will pay you or actually say okay,

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Speaker 1: take that six weeks and then take some more vacation time. UM.

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Speaker 1: So anyway, it's spotty cross the board, and it's not

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Speaker 1: really set up to do that. Um. Okay, so I

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Speaker 1: think that we have covered some the basics of breast

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Speaker 1: milk humans and and other species. Uh, so we should

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Speaker 1: probably take a break. When we get back, we'll talk

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Speaker 1: about whether or not possible from man to breash speed. Alright,

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Speaker 1: we're back mail like cation now. I've certainly heard of

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Speaker 1: cases where individuals who use antibox steroids UM can can

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Speaker 1: produce milk through their nipples. And in fact, that's what

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Speaker 1: I think of every time I see a container of

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Speaker 1: muscle milk in the store. I think of like a big, big, beefy,

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Speaker 1: bald headed like pro wrestler, just like squeezing off container

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Speaker 1: after container and putting directly in the fridge at the store.

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Speaker 1: That's frightening. What is muscle milk? Um? It is a

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Speaker 1: it is a I've never had it, but my understanding,

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Speaker 1: it's say, like a nutritious like bodybuilding kind of macho beverage.

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Speaker 1: It's like like, hey, brow, we're gonna go out and

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Speaker 1: we're gonna let's list some weights and then we're gonna

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Speaker 1: have some muscle milk in the car, gonna dunk our

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Speaker 1: oreos into our muscle milk. Yeah, that's not very much.

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Speaker 1: It was. It's just I mean, it's one of those

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Speaker 1: things like it's not it's like it's a milk I product,

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Speaker 1: it's mussel milk. It's supposed to sound like macho and inviting,

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Speaker 1: but it sounds weird and unnatural. Yeah, which maybe it is.

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Speaker 1: Maybe it's up um, but yes, okay, so you you

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Speaker 1: know of it in that instance, right, where the body

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Speaker 1: has been tinkered with a bit because of steroids or medication,

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Speaker 1: and all of a sudden a man starts producing breast milk. Yeah,

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Speaker 1: or just in general sort of trauma to the body. Right.

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Speaker 1: You had an anecdote about foreign prisoners of war, right, Yeah,

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Speaker 1: I don't remember that. It's World War Two. They were

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Speaker 1: starving and when they finally started to get some nutrition

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Speaker 1: sorted to eat, their body was so out of sorts

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Speaker 1: that all of their hormones spiked, including prolactin, which actually

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Speaker 1: caused them to start actating as well. And this prolactin

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Speaker 1: is really important and pregnant women, it begins to really

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Speaker 1: sort of um, get flowing through the body. And this

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Speaker 1: is an advance of this idea that you're going to

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Speaker 1: go ahead and breastfeed, and so your body starts to

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Speaker 1: prepare itself. But this Prolactin is produced by the pituitary gland.

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Speaker 1: So the pituitary gland really important obviously in producing this.

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Speaker 1: And the pituitary gland can be influenced also by say

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Speaker 1: another medical condition like a tumor, and UH inadvertently start

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Speaker 1: producing prolactin. That's another way that a male could start lactating.

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Speaker 1: But this is really interesting to me, is this um

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Speaker 1: these instances where men start lactating because of a dire need.

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Speaker 1: And what I mean to say is that they're in

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Speaker 1: a situation where they're um, the mother of their child

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Speaker 1: may have passed away or be gravely ill in psychologically.

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Speaker 1: What happens is that this kicks up the pituitary gland

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Speaker 1: and to produce a the prolactin. And so there have

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Speaker 1: been documented cases of this. There was a a case

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Speaker 1: in two thousand and two of a thirty eight year

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Speaker 1: old managed Sri Lanka, who nursed his two daughters through

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Speaker 1: their infancy after his wife died during childbirth. Yeah, and

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Speaker 1: again it's important to stress not every male mammal had

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Speaker 1: even has the equipment. They lacked both the memory glands

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Speaker 1: and a maturity glands to to get things pumping. But

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Speaker 1: but male humans have those, so it's just a matter

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Speaker 1: of kickstarting them. Yeah. We've talked about this before about

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Speaker 1: how we're pretty much all stocked with the same stuff

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Speaker 1: when when we're first developing, and then of course horn

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Speaker 1: wounds helped to define those boundaries as biological boundaries. Um,

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Speaker 1: because you're gonna again look at them. The male human

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Speaker 1: as just a necessary mutation, as the female is more

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Speaker 1: or less species and male is a take on that

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Speaker 1: particular model to fulfill a certain evolutionary purpose. Yeah. Jack Newman,

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Speaker 1: he's a Toronto based doctor and breastfeeding expert, has said

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Speaker 1: that this isn't too crazy that that men would have nipples,

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Speaker 1: need have some breast tissue that would allow us to happen.

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Speaker 1: He says, up until certain age, boys and girls as

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Speaker 1: fetuses are indistinguishable, so women retain some remnants of the

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Speaker 1: vast difference, which is then which then becomes the vaginal

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Speaker 1: canal that sperm follows. So again we're all sort of

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Speaker 1: hard baked with this stuff here. And if we look

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Speaker 1: elsewhere in the animal kingdom, we do find at least

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Speaker 1: one example of a mammalian creature that has uh parental lactation.

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Speaker 1: That's uh, that's males that are not only producing milk,

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Speaker 1: but they're actually breastfeeding as part of their natural behavior.

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Speaker 1: And that is a particular fruit bat called the day

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Speaker 1: at fruit bat, which will find in Malaysia, Thailand, and

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Speaker 1: the Philippines and uh and it is the only known

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Speaker 1: occurrence of parental lactation where the males are actually producing

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Speaker 1: milk perhaps two. The theory is that it's to help

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Speaker 1: alleviate the the lactation pressure placed on the females in

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Speaker 1: the fruit back community. Okay, so in certain dire um

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Speaker 1: circumstances as well in a different way, right, Yeah, I

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Speaker 1: mean it's um. I mean it would be kind of like,

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Speaker 1: you know, on an evolutionary basis, if it's like mom

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Speaker 1: and dad, and like Mom's just super busy, Mom has

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Speaker 1: a job on top of looking after the kids, and

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Speaker 1: daddy fruit bat eventually develops the ability to nurse them

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Speaker 1: as well. It's like it's like Buster, not Buster Michael Keaton,

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Speaker 1: Was it Mr Mom? Right? Like? Imagine him as the

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Speaker 1: fruit bat with lacktating nipples. Wow? Yeah, I don't want to.

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Speaker 1: So are you saying in the future, as women continue

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Speaker 1: to um dominate the workforce of academia, that men might

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Speaker 1: start breastfeeding perhaps, I mean, I mean it's uh, it's

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Speaker 1: it's the it's the sort of thing that that happens.

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Speaker 1: So we look at the fruit bats as a potential model,

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Speaker 1: and you could you could see that happening over a

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Speaker 1: long period of time, because again, we have the equipment.

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Speaker 1: It's just a matter of kickstarting that equipment. Yeah, evidence

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Speaker 1: of happening happening when arises. Alright, So okay, that's breastfeeding

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Speaker 1: within your own species. What about this idea that we

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Speaker 1: started not breastfeeding from other uh species, although some that

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Speaker 1: does happens. And remus right to the classic image of

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Speaker 1: the of the two children drinking the milk of the

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Speaker 1: Was it a cow or was it a sheep? I

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Speaker 1: always focus on the children and the outer I tend

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Speaker 1: not to notice what the animals, to see what the

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Speaker 1: utter is attached to. Um. Yeah, so when did we

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Speaker 1: actually start drinking other species milk? Is the question. Years ago,

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Speaker 1: we have these humans and obviously up until an age

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Speaker 1: of about four or five, they are drinking milk. They're

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Speaker 1: drinking their mother's milk. But then uh that the ability

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Speaker 1: to consume milk fades away. They become a lactose intolerant, okay,

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Speaker 1: And because they don't have what is called lact taste,

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Speaker 1: which is an design that we eventually developed. It allows

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Speaker 1: us to digest the complex milk sugar lactose um. Without lactase,

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Speaker 1: we are lactose intolerant, and consuming milk causes diarrhea. Well,

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Speaker 1: and it's interesting to see that this UM, this is

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Speaker 1: coinciding with populations turning to agrarian societies. UM. In other words,

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Speaker 1: they're cattle, and the cattle are producing milk, and we'll

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Speaker 1: find and they'll find themselves in situations probably where the

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Speaker 1: there's there's less water available, there's less food available. So

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Speaker 1: what do you do. You turn to the milk. And

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Speaker 1: when you turn to the milk, some people are going

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Speaker 1: to be able to tolerate it more than others. And

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Speaker 1: the theory is then that when times get particularly dire,

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Speaker 1: the people who are able to turn to animal milk

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Speaker 1: for survival survive, and those who can't end up either

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Speaker 1: having to starve or they're just or they're dying from

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Speaker 1: the intense diarrhea that results from lactose intolerant. And and

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Speaker 1: again this is in Central Europe. We're not talking about

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Speaker 1: other parts of the world here. Yeah, we are talking

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Speaker 1: about pioneer a Grarians who are based initially in Central

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Speaker 1: Europe and then moving to northern Europe. So hence the

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Speaker 1: pioneer part, and hence the fact that they would have

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Speaker 1: crops or cattle that that weren't doing so well and

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Speaker 1: so they'd have to turn to the milk um for nutritions. So,

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Speaker 1: I mean, it's pretty crazy because it's um and you

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Speaker 1: think of lactose intolerant. Like, growing up, I just knew that, oh,

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Speaker 1: some people can't drink milk. That's kind of weird, right, um.

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Speaker 1: But but but when you, you you know, you become educated

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Speaker 1: on the on the topic, you realize that the reality

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Speaker 1: is a lot weirder. It's like, at one point in

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Speaker 1: our path, um, you know, years ago, a genetic mutation

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Speaker 1: allows us to drink the milk of other creatures. Again,

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Speaker 1: think of milk. Is this immune system boosting, nutritious, targeted

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Speaker 1: um fluid that is secreted by a specific mother for

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Speaker 1: her offspring within that species, and then we we suddenly

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Speaker 1: have a genetic mutation that allows us to drink from

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Speaker 1: it as well too. In a way, um, like it's

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Speaker 1: it's almost like this parasitic relationship that we evolve to

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Speaker 1: have with our cattle. Yeah, and the evidence is there. Um.

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Speaker 1: Using genetic and archaeological data, Mark Thomas and colleagues at

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Speaker 1: University College in London were able to trace down the

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Speaker 1: first evidence of black case um being actually used in

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Speaker 1: adulthood to exactly when you see the beginning of the

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Speaker 1: linear bandcarum um nick culture. Quite the word twister there,

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Speaker 1: tongue twister and this is an ancient Neolithic culture. So

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Speaker 1: you see that you've got some evidence there that this

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Speaker 1: is happening then um and yeah, I mean when it

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Speaker 1: comes the choice between life and death, your you know,

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Speaker 1: these cultures are going to adapt and as you say,

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Speaker 1: we're going to be able to thenly enough change our

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Speaker 1: our own biology to be able to handle this. Yeah.

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Speaker 1: I mean like when when I have accidentally tasted some

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Speaker 1: of the kitten milk formula and it can and not

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Speaker 1: in a bottle, I wasn't nursing good. But you know,

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Speaker 1: if times we're rough, if I was, if it was

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Speaker 1: like if there was nothing else in the fridge and

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Speaker 1: there was just kitten milk, you know, I might throw

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Speaker 1: back a cannibate. See what happens and it's the same situation, right,

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Speaker 1: and then if it caused me to have intense diarrhea,

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Speaker 1: I might die, And if it didn't then I might

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Speaker 1: survive and we would have a new breed of humans

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Speaker 1: that would take over the household. Who who can handle

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Speaker 1: kitten chitten lectas? Yeah, pretty interesting. This is a news

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Speaker 1: item for about from about a year and a half ago.

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Speaker 1: But scientists in China are actually trying to create cows

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Speaker 1: who produce more human like milk. It is interesting and

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Speaker 1: some people say this is not necessarily a bad thing

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Speaker 1: because um, you know, imparts the world's very difficult to

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Speaker 1: to get breast milk uh for human babies and as

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Speaker 1: you say, this is this is so important to their lives.

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Speaker 1: Can be rather inpensive, Yes, for me, can be really expensive.

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Speaker 1: For this may be something that may be readily available.

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Speaker 1: It seems a bit odd, yes, but there's definitely a

426
00:25:19,280 --> 00:25:21,920
Speaker 1: need for it. Um. I should also point out there

427
00:25:21,920 --> 00:25:24,119
Speaker 1: are there are also scientists who think we need to

428
00:25:24,160 --> 00:25:27,439
Speaker 1: turn to other creatures milk to depend on rather than

429
00:25:27,520 --> 00:25:30,920
Speaker 1: cows uh. International team of scientists from the Marine Research

430
00:25:30,960 --> 00:25:34,760
Speaker 1: Institute in the Netherlands. UH. They might be argument that

431
00:25:35,200 --> 00:25:39,320
Speaker 1: that whales are the answer, particularly the minky whale which

432
00:25:39,480 --> 00:25:41,960
Speaker 1: has a has the milk from this particular whale has

433
00:25:42,000 --> 00:25:44,720
Speaker 1: a higher fat content, but it's but it's full of

434
00:25:44,720 --> 00:25:49,480
Speaker 1: Omega three three fatty acids. So um. They've actually conducted

435
00:25:49,560 --> 00:25:53,159
Speaker 1: experiments with like milking pods for milking bays for the

436
00:25:53,160 --> 00:25:56,240
Speaker 1: whales in in the fields of the Norway, which is

437
00:25:56,600 --> 00:25:58,679
Speaker 1: which is pretty interesting. The idea that you might be

438
00:25:58,720 --> 00:26:01,360
Speaker 1: able to go to the store one day and you're

439
00:26:01,400 --> 00:26:04,000
Speaker 1: not depending on it's much on cow milk, but maybe

440
00:26:04,000 --> 00:26:07,600
Speaker 1: whale milk or wilk. I guess, I don't know. I

441
00:26:07,680 --> 00:26:09,800
Speaker 1: feel like I'll have a little bit of whale milk

442
00:26:09,840 --> 00:26:11,840
Speaker 1: with my herring. It just seems so, I don't know.

443
00:26:11,880 --> 00:26:13,200
Speaker 1: And if you're staying kosher or you can stick with

444
00:26:13,280 --> 00:26:15,879
Speaker 1: your raft, right, I see the Mega three part because

445
00:26:15,880 --> 00:26:18,760
Speaker 1: that's great for inflammation and for keeping disease at bay.

446
00:26:20,119 --> 00:26:23,119
Speaker 1: But the other thing about these about the whales, I

447
00:26:23,119 --> 00:26:24,879
Speaker 1: told you about the two hundred pounds a day that

448
00:26:25,000 --> 00:26:29,160
Speaker 1: the baby blues are packing on. Well, um, the minkies

449
00:26:29,200 --> 00:26:33,040
Speaker 1: that they had in these milking bays, they found that uh,

450
00:26:33,440 --> 00:26:35,960
Speaker 1: once they were hooked up, the milking took about fifty

451
00:26:36,040 --> 00:26:40,000
Speaker 1: minutes and produced uh one thousand, six hundred liters of

452
00:26:40,040 --> 00:26:43,520
Speaker 1: milk or uh two thousand, eight hundred and fifteen pints

453
00:26:43,840 --> 00:26:47,920
Speaker 1: compared with a typical cow's forty of milk. So would

454
00:26:47,920 --> 00:26:50,119
Speaker 1: they just keep these whales in these bays? Is that

455
00:26:50,200 --> 00:26:53,360
Speaker 1: the idea? Um? I would hope they get to sort

456
00:26:53,359 --> 00:26:56,160
Speaker 1: of free range a little bit, like they get to

457
00:26:56,240 --> 00:26:58,440
Speaker 1: swim around and then they come in and uh, and

458
00:26:58,440 --> 00:27:00,639
Speaker 1: then they milk them there, because I don't like the

459
00:27:00,680 --> 00:27:05,800
Speaker 1: idea of keeping him well, you know, prisoned and producing

460
00:27:05,840 --> 00:27:07,520
Speaker 1: milk whatll I was just thinking about cows in the

461
00:27:07,560 --> 00:27:11,040
Speaker 1: way that those um are dairy cows and the way

462
00:27:11,080 --> 00:27:13,920
Speaker 1: that their milk is extracted and all the antibiotics and

463
00:27:13,920 --> 00:27:17,120
Speaker 1: all the issues surrounding that. Um. So, yeah, you would

464
00:27:17,160 --> 00:27:19,399
Speaker 1: hope that the whales wouldn't have the same plan. I

465
00:27:19,400 --> 00:27:21,840
Speaker 1: guess you'd have to hurt him in or hire you know,

466
00:27:21,880 --> 00:27:25,520
Speaker 1: some sort of traditional like Norwegian mermaid creature to do

467
00:27:25,560 --> 00:27:29,040
Speaker 1: it for you. Oh yeah, and they are readily available. Yeah, well,

468
00:27:29,080 --> 00:27:31,159
Speaker 1: a lot of them as as we'll discussing a Mermaid

469
00:27:31,200 --> 00:27:33,879
Speaker 1: episode that we're going to record, a lot of the

470
00:27:33,920 --> 00:27:37,040
Speaker 1: Mermaids you encounter in various full tales are herdsmen or

471
00:27:37,119 --> 00:27:40,159
Speaker 1: hurts women, and they are hurts people and they are

472
00:27:40,200 --> 00:27:44,920
Speaker 1: attending to like aquatic bovine herds, which I guess maybe whales.

473
00:27:45,200 --> 00:27:49,240
Speaker 1: So it all comes back around. All right, let's talk

474
00:27:49,280 --> 00:27:52,000
Speaker 1: about some of the really cool healing properties of breast milk,

475
00:27:52,200 --> 00:27:55,359
Speaker 1: because we talked about the benefit to the kids, to

476
00:27:55,480 --> 00:27:58,600
Speaker 1: the babies. But um, you know, it turns out that

477
00:27:59,200 --> 00:28:03,719
Speaker 1: and this is very interesting, that breast milk has a

478
00:28:03,760 --> 00:28:07,600
Speaker 1: protein in it that could, or rather a substance that

479
00:28:07,640 --> 00:28:11,040
Speaker 1: can actually kill some cancer cells. Um. This is from

480
00:28:11,040 --> 00:28:13,760
Speaker 1: a two thousand and ten study carried out by researchers

481
00:28:13,760 --> 00:28:17,440
Speaker 1: at Lund University in the University of Gothenburg and Sweden.

482
00:28:18,000 --> 00:28:20,520
Speaker 1: Patients with cancer of the bladder who were treated with

483
00:28:20,600 --> 00:28:24,040
Speaker 1: the substance excreted dead cancer cells in their urine after

484
00:28:24,080 --> 00:28:29,359
Speaker 1: each treatment, and the substance has been dubbed hamlet okay

485
00:28:29,720 --> 00:28:37,080
Speaker 1: human alpha lactical human made lethal to tumor cells interesting okay,

486
00:28:37,280 --> 00:28:41,280
Speaker 1: and laboratory experiments have shown that hamlet kills forty different

487
00:28:41,280 --> 00:28:43,800
Speaker 1: types of cancer, and researchers are not going on to

488
00:28:43,840 --> 00:28:46,600
Speaker 1: study its effects on skin, cancer tumors in the mucous

489
00:28:46,680 --> 00:28:50,400
Speaker 1: membranes and brain tumors. Um and and this is the

490
00:28:50,480 --> 00:28:53,040
Speaker 1: really great part about this is that these hamlets, uh,

491
00:28:53,160 --> 00:28:55,640
Speaker 1: this hamlet substance killed only cancer cells and does not

492
00:28:55,720 --> 00:28:59,480
Speaker 1: affect healthy cells. It's cool. And that just comes back

493
00:28:59,520 --> 00:29:03,320
Speaker 1: around to you to our defining of milk and and

494
00:29:03,360 --> 00:29:06,400
Speaker 1: looking at it is not merely this food product that's

495
00:29:06,440 --> 00:29:08,800
Speaker 1: like that that is coming out of a creature, but

496
00:29:08,920 --> 00:29:11,080
Speaker 1: it is, uh, it is it is something that is

497
00:29:11,520 --> 00:29:13,360
Speaker 1: I mean in a sense, it's like like all food

498
00:29:13,440 --> 00:29:15,120
Speaker 1: is more than just the thing that you eat to

499
00:29:15,160 --> 00:29:17,560
Speaker 1: satisfy what you're doing. And I mean, it is the

500
00:29:17,840 --> 00:29:19,880
Speaker 1: thing that you build your body out of, and it

501
00:29:20,000 --> 00:29:23,320
Speaker 1: that heals the body and and uh and and that's

502
00:29:23,360 --> 00:29:25,960
Speaker 1: what what milk is. Yeah, And let's talk about third

503
00:29:25,960 --> 00:29:29,400
Speaker 1: world countries where where you have different diseases that we

504
00:29:29,400 --> 00:29:33,360
Speaker 1: don't necessarily have to deal with um in first world countries.

505
00:29:33,480 --> 00:29:36,480
Speaker 1: Among the infectious diseases, diarrheal disease is one of the

506
00:29:36,560 --> 00:29:40,320
Speaker 1: leading causes of morbidity and mortality, causing an estimated five

507
00:29:40,400 --> 00:29:43,400
Speaker 1: million deaths per year in children under the age of

508
00:29:43,440 --> 00:29:46,960
Speaker 1: five years of age, eighty percent of which occurs in

509
00:29:47,000 --> 00:29:49,480
Speaker 1: the first two years of life. So there was a

510
00:29:49,480 --> 00:29:53,400
Speaker 1: study called anti microbial activity of breast milk against common

511
00:29:53,440 --> 00:29:56,800
Speaker 1: pediatric pathogens. And what they said is that the spectrum

512
00:29:56,840 --> 00:30:00,240
Speaker 1: of anti microbial activity of breast milk was deter amend

513
00:30:00,400 --> 00:30:04,360
Speaker 1: using nine common bacterial pathogens of infants and children on

514
00:30:04,600 --> 00:30:08,240
Speaker 1: in vitriol essays. And they said using a commercial milk

515
00:30:08,320 --> 00:30:11,040
Speaker 1: formula as a control, breast milk was found to exert

516
00:30:11,080 --> 00:30:16,480
Speaker 1: bacterial bacterial tidal activity in other words, killing the bacteria

517
00:30:16,880 --> 00:30:23,280
Speaker 1: in these pathogens against Vibrio cholera and bacteriostasis for enteric

518
00:30:23,520 --> 00:30:28,200
Speaker 1: pathogens like E. Coli, seminila, and chicola. Wow. So again

519
00:30:28,200 --> 00:30:31,520
Speaker 1: it comes back to boosting up the newborn and just

520
00:30:31,680 --> 00:30:35,479
Speaker 1: enhancing its ability to survive or I mean making its

521
00:30:35,480 --> 00:30:39,680
Speaker 1: survival possible, but also boosting its immunity against other potentially

522
00:30:39,760 --> 00:30:45,520
Speaker 1: lethal diseases and ailments. So there you go, milk. Well

523
00:30:45,560 --> 00:30:47,800
Speaker 1: we should there's one there's one last thing, uh that

524
00:30:47,800 --> 00:30:52,080
Speaker 1: we should mentioned in talking about the evolution of of

525
00:30:52,160 --> 00:30:56,360
Speaker 1: this this mutation that allowed Europeans to actually drink the

526
00:30:56,400 --> 00:30:59,480
Speaker 1: milk of other animals. There's also the macho milk theory.

527
00:31:00,240 --> 00:31:02,600
Speaker 1: Oh yeah, I forgot about this. Yeah, And this one

528
00:31:02,680 --> 00:31:05,320
Speaker 1: is this is a this is not a very probable idea,

529
00:31:05,960 --> 00:31:08,280
Speaker 1: but it's it's so amusing that we have to mention it.

530
00:31:08,600 --> 00:31:10,720
Speaker 1: So the theory is that you go back to Neolithic

531
00:31:10,760 --> 00:31:14,320
Speaker 1: times and um, you know, everybody's hanging out. Uh, the

532
00:31:14,360 --> 00:31:16,960
Speaker 1: men are hanging out, and they're they're engaging in these

533
00:31:17,000 --> 00:31:21,000
Speaker 1: drinking games with uh, with what's around to drink. Right,

534
00:31:21,000 --> 00:31:23,200
Speaker 1: there's a bunch of cow milk not getting used. So

535
00:31:23,560 --> 00:31:25,800
Speaker 1: they they line and line them up, line up a

536
00:31:25,800 --> 00:31:29,320
Speaker 1: few I don't know, bowls or skull caps full of

537
00:31:29,320 --> 00:31:32,680
Speaker 1: the stuff, right, and they start throwing them back, um,

538
00:31:32,720 --> 00:31:35,280
Speaker 1: you know, and seeing who can, who can drink the

539
00:31:35,280 --> 00:31:38,920
Speaker 1: most without becoming horribly ill and if you can, if

540
00:31:38,960 --> 00:31:42,000
Speaker 1: you can take you know, several skull caps full of

541
00:31:42,000 --> 00:31:43,880
Speaker 1: of cow's milk and you don't get sick, and you're

542
00:31:43,880 --> 00:31:46,400
Speaker 1: one of the boys and you can hang and if not,

543
00:31:46,520 --> 00:31:49,240
Speaker 1: then you're not very cool, I guess. But that's the

544
00:31:49,240 --> 00:31:53,320
Speaker 1: theory that that did this serve to to kick start

545
00:31:53,960 --> 00:31:58,400
Speaker 1: our our lactose tolerance. I'm just trying to imagine it.

546
00:31:58,400 --> 00:32:01,040
Speaker 1: Put hair on your chest, you feel like, and it's

547
00:32:01,040 --> 00:32:03,800
Speaker 1: the original muscle milk in this stuff. Yeah, it is

548
00:32:04,040 --> 00:32:09,000
Speaker 1: all right milk. Yeah, So uh, and milk. Milk is

549
00:32:09,040 --> 00:32:10,880
Speaker 1: one of those topics we get into milk and breasting.

550
00:32:10,920 --> 00:32:14,280
Speaker 1: There are a number of topics that that stem off

551
00:32:14,280 --> 00:32:17,200
Speaker 1: from this um and you can really get into into

552
00:32:17,840 --> 00:32:22,200
Speaker 1: into into a little more lengthy discussions of of culture

553
00:32:22,680 --> 00:32:26,480
Speaker 1: and and then there's this whole area of of lactophilia

554
00:32:26,960 --> 00:32:30,480
Speaker 1: that we we may uh cover at some future point,

555
00:32:30,960 --> 00:32:33,520
Speaker 1: but but hopefully this will serve as a nice introduction

556
00:32:33,600 --> 00:32:37,520
Speaker 1: and a reminder of just how amazing uh milk is

557
00:32:37,600 --> 00:32:41,440
Speaker 1: and how it really uh puts such mammals apart, and

558
00:32:41,560 --> 00:32:43,280
Speaker 1: uh you know, and why I should think about it

559
00:32:43,320 --> 00:32:45,800
Speaker 1: when you when you have a glass of of of

560
00:32:45,920 --> 00:32:48,160
Speaker 1: real milk or or or fake milk. I mean, that's

561
00:32:48,160 --> 00:32:49,840
Speaker 1: the other thing to think about. Like when we we

562
00:32:49,880 --> 00:32:53,720
Speaker 1: have like the glass of soy, we're still replicating the experience,

563
00:32:54,160 --> 00:32:57,960
Speaker 1: uh somewhat of the of the the actual a million milk.

564
00:32:58,160 --> 00:32:59,960
Speaker 1: Always think it's funny that we call it soy milk.

565
00:33:00,000 --> 00:33:03,760
Speaker 1: It's like this psychological you know, chasm that we're trying

566
00:33:03,760 --> 00:33:07,880
Speaker 1: to you know, breach because we're like, okay, I can't

567
00:33:08,960 --> 00:33:12,360
Speaker 1: it's milk, right, it's white, um, but it's not milk.

568
00:33:12,960 --> 00:33:16,200
Speaker 1: But it's okay because we call the milk. I'm a

569
00:33:16,240 --> 00:33:19,760
Speaker 1: proponent of swim, don't get me wrong, but I find

570
00:33:19,800 --> 00:33:22,800
Speaker 1: that interesting. Well, tell us what you have to thank

571
00:33:22,840 --> 00:33:24,800
Speaker 1: if you would like to reach out to us and

572
00:33:24,920 --> 00:33:28,440
Speaker 1: uh and chat with us about about milk, as it's

573
00:33:28,440 --> 00:33:32,000
Speaker 1: produced by mammals, as it's purchased at the store, as

574
00:33:32,040 --> 00:33:34,080
Speaker 1: it may or may not have played into drinking games

575
00:33:34,120 --> 00:33:36,160
Speaker 1: in the past. Uh, let us know we'd love to

576
00:33:36,200 --> 00:33:38,440
Speaker 1: hear from you. You You can find us on Facebook for starters,

577
00:33:38,480 --> 00:33:40,920
Speaker 1: where our handle is stuff to Blow Your Mind, and

578
00:33:40,960 --> 00:33:43,400
Speaker 1: on Twitter you can find us under blow the Mind

579
00:33:43,560 --> 00:33:45,560
Speaker 1: and you can always drop us a line that blew

580
00:33:45,600 --> 00:33:54,480
Speaker 1: the mind at how Stafford's dot com for more on

581
00:33:54,560 --> 00:33:57,040
Speaker 1: this and thousands of other topics. Is it how stuff

582
00:33:57,040 --> 00:34:00,960
Speaker 1: Works dot com. You are out the pony