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Speaker 1: Welcome to tech Stuff, a production from I Heart Radio.

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Speaker 1: Hey there, and welcome to tech Stuff. I'm your host,

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Speaker 1: Jonathan Strickland. I'm an executive producer with iHeart Radio and

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Speaker 1: a love of all things tech. It is time or

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Speaker 1: a tech Stuff classic episode. This episode originally published on

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Speaker 1: December two, thousand fourteen. It is titled Taking a Ride

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Speaker 1: in an Ambulance. Firefighting equipment has talked about ad nauseum

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Speaker 1: in public forums, and fancy new medical equipment sometimes gets

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Speaker 1: the spotlight. But what about the ambulance. I'll admit that

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Speaker 1: until recently, they hadn't changed significantly since the nineteen seventies

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Speaker 1: when they were modified from being inspired from hers is

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Speaker 1: the only vehicle designed for a passenger lying down at

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Speaker 1: the time. However, now ambulances range from the massive bariatric

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Speaker 1: trucks to the new Mercedes Sprinter that have mixed reviews

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Speaker 1: to work in to the Volvo car based ambul lenses

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Speaker 1: Europe is experimenting with. It has taken nearly half a century,

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Speaker 1: but the humble ambulance is beginning to see some innovations,

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Speaker 1: including the introduction of safety features. Watch ambulance crash tests

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Speaker 1: on YouTube. Efficiency and tech to save lives. I'm certainly biased,

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Speaker 1: being a volunteer medic and having many paramedic friends, but

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Speaker 1: maybe you, Scott or Ben and the Tech Stuff audience

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Speaker 1: could find it an interesting topic to dive into. Take

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Speaker 1: Care Lee, Yeah, now you know I recognize Lee's name,

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Speaker 1: and I think this is such a fantastic suggestion. Uh,

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Speaker 1: Scott and I have been doing car stuff for quite

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Speaker 1: a while. Um, not quite as long as Tech Stuff,

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Speaker 1: which is one of the original three podcast we ever

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Speaker 1: started making. But we have this moment which I'm sure

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Speaker 1: you've encountered to, Jonathan, where you're looking back over a

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Speaker 1: list of all the stuff you've done and you go, way,

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Speaker 1: we haven't done this when really, heck, I went to

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Speaker 1: how stuff works dot com typed an ambulance. Can't believe

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Speaker 1: we don't have how ambulances were right? Yeah, and uh

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Speaker 1: now we are verging on the very first official explanation

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Speaker 1: of how ambulances work ever. Ever, not not just for

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Speaker 1: how stuff works. I'm saying like no one has taken

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Speaker 1: the time to actually explain this until this moment, right,

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Speaker 1: which might be hyperbole. Scoot to the edge of your seats,

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Speaker 1: um or you know, if you're driving I guess, uh,

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Speaker 1: stay focused on the road, right, because it's rule number one.

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Speaker 1: That's rule number one. Of course, Now we looked into, um,

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Speaker 1: we looked into some surprising twist and turns about the

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Speaker 1: story of the ambulance. And one of the things that

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Speaker 1: a lot of people don't really think about is that

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Speaker 1: the ambulance itself predates the automobile. Yeah. In fact, ambulance

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Speaker 1: can apply to lots of different types of vehicles. And

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Speaker 1: to really understand the importance and the place of the ambulance,

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Speaker 1: you kind of got to look back into history. And

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Speaker 1: the word itself, ambulance comes on the Latin word ambulaire

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Speaker 1: or ambulare if you prefer. I don't speak Latin, so,

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Speaker 1: but that means to move about. And the earliest ambulances

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Speaker 1: weren't really about necessarily getting sick or injured people to

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Speaker 1: medical treatment. They were more about moving them away from

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Speaker 1: the healthy people by force, so kind of like a

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Speaker 1: prison bus for sick people. Now that there were different kinds, right,

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Speaker 1: You had you had the military type, which was all

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Speaker 1: about retrieving injured soldiers and moving them out of the

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Speaker 1: field of battle. But then you also had the type

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Speaker 1: that were in more populated like urban areas, some of

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Speaker 1: the growing cities, and that was more about this person

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Speaker 1: over year doesn't seem to be acting properly. Let's get

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Speaker 1: this person away from everybody else before it spreads. Yeah,

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Speaker 1: let's put you on the plague cart. Yeah, and it

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Speaker 1: could have been the plague. It could have been mental illness,

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Speaker 1: medicine wasn't quite where it was, could have been your neighbors,

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Speaker 1: or just a bunch of jerks. It will claim that

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Speaker 1: you are sick something. Yeah, you got that. That werewolf

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Speaker 1: is UM. But if you look at the the development

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Speaker 1: of emergency response, you'll see that it is in fact

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Speaker 1: closely tied to warfare. Again, not a big surprise. UM.

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Speaker 1: During the Roman era, you would have teams of soldiers

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Speaker 1: that would carry away the injured on litters. That would

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Speaker 1: be like a device that would be not quite a cart.

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Speaker 1: It's kind of hooked up, usually to an animal of

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Speaker 1: some sort, and it carries you at an incline. The

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Speaker 1: other end of it drags on the ground. Often it's

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Speaker 1: not the most comfortable way to move around, or they

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Speaker 1: might use stretchers. They would actually receive compensation for each

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Speaker 1: wounded soldier returned safely, which is interesting when you think

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Speaker 1: about working on commission, it's it's probably one of the

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Speaker 1: most efficient, although soulless ways to ensure that they maximize

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Speaker 1: their efficiency. Right, yeah, yeah, it was really and this

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Speaker 1: was something that was common throughout the ancient to medieval

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Speaker 1: era of warfare, was that there would be a reward

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Speaker 1: given for the return of wounded soldiers because often in

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Speaker 1: this era you had at the end of the battle

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Speaker 1: one side, whichever side was you know, less worse off,

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Speaker 1: because I don't know that you could call anyone a

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Speaker 1: winner really, but whichever side quote unquote one the battle

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Speaker 1: would end up taking prisoners and then ransoming them off.

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Speaker 1: So being able to be removed from the field of

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Speaker 1: battle when you're no longer able to fight without being

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Speaker 1: captured by the enemy was a big deal. So the

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Speaker 1: Knights of St John a k a. The Knights of

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Speaker 1: Malta or the Knights Hospitalitier were charged with the purpose

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Speaker 1: to care for the poor, the injured and the sick

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Speaker 1: back in the eleventh century. They were formed about the

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Speaker 1: same time as the Knights Templar, because this is all

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Speaker 1: during the time of the Crusades. Now, the reason I

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Speaker 1: bring up the Knights of St John is because they

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Speaker 1: were very much involved in the retrieval of wounded soldiers

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Speaker 1: during battle. Uh. And when the Knights Templar are officially

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Speaker 1: dissolved in twelve, much of the wealth that they owned,

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Speaker 1: and there was a lot of it, went to the

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Speaker 1: Knights of St. John and the order itself divided into

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Speaker 1: two branches. One of them became a military order similar

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Speaker 1: to the Knights Templar, and the other one continued to

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Speaker 1: care for the sick and injured. Now one of those

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Speaker 1: two branches no longer exists, right, I guess which one

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Speaker 1: the military order. I'm gonna that's That's an excellent guest,

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Speaker 1: and you are correct, sir, Thank you. I am a

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Speaker 1: bit of an armchair guess. Or. One thing that is

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Speaker 1: interesting about this before we move on, however, with the

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Speaker 1: Knights of St. John, is that I believe and me

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Speaker 1: being correct here, but I believe this was one of

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Speaker 1: the first organizations, at least in the West, that would

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Speaker 1: care for people regardless of which side. That's that's correct.

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Speaker 1: They would. They would retrieve soldiers wounded from any side

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Speaker 1: of a battle and treat them. Uh. They're the Maltese

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Speaker 1: Cross also eventually evolved into the Red Cross. UH. Also

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Speaker 1: just random trivia here. One of my distant relatives used

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Speaker 1: to rule Malta. So what yeah, wait, when are you serious?

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Speaker 1: I am absolutely serious? Okay is this um? Could you

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Speaker 1: give me some time and space context? Were we talking

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Speaker 1: like nineteen seventies, early twentieth century night, early thirty I

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Speaker 1: think thirty seven maybe? Uh? Yeah, his his um. His

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Speaker 1: governing of Malta was not without political issues, political and

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Speaker 1: religious issues. That's all I can really say about that

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Speaker 1: without turning this podcast into something completely okay, But for

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Speaker 1: the record, I think people probably want to hear that story.

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Speaker 1: I know I do, so we can talk about it

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Speaker 1: off the air. Since it doesn't sound like the controversy

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Speaker 1: was ambulance related, it wasn't. It wasn't. So the Spanish, now,

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Speaker 1: moving on from from the eleventh to fourteenth centuries, they

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Speaker 1: began to use wagons to transport people in need of

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Speaker 1: emergency medical care back in fourteen seven, that's during the

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Speaker 1: whole like we're getting into Ferdinand and Isabella time. They

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Speaker 1: also introduced field hospitals, which were called ambulancia's, So that

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Speaker 1: was the that referred to the field hospital, not the wagon. Now,

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Speaker 1: these field hospitals were tents that had medical and surgical

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Speaker 1: supplies in them, but they were very rarely used. It

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Speaker 1: was hard to actually get soldiers to where they needed

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Speaker 1: to be. These wagons were not terribly maneuverable. And it

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Speaker 1: wouldn't really be until the seventeen hundreds, three years later,

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Speaker 1: that you would actually see wounded soldiers receiving treatment and

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Speaker 1: field hospitals or be carried away by an emergency vehicle

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Speaker 1: on a regular basis. And that still wasn't perfect, right,

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Speaker 1: Like a lot of people died on the way to

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Speaker 1: or from Oh yeah, no, if you look at if

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Speaker 1: you look at casualty records, uh, one of the many

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Speaker 1: reasons why researching this was getting to me today. But

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Speaker 1: if you look at casualty records, it's a pretty grim story.

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Speaker 1: So you see the number of people who were outright

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Speaker 1: killed and and you see the number of people who

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Speaker 1: were retrieved by the folks manning the ambulance as the

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Speaker 1: wagons um, and you hear about their casualty rates, and

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Speaker 1: they were extreme. I mean it was it was not

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Speaker 1: good news if you were wounded in battle. Uh. For

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Speaker 1: a very very long time, the prevailing wisdom was let

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Speaker 1: them let them die, right, I mean it really was. Yeah,

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Speaker 1: unless you're a higher order officer of some sort, right, Yeah,

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Speaker 1: it's it's tricky when we think about, um, when we

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Speaker 1: think about those attrition rates, especially when we consider a

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Speaker 1: very sad fact which I'm sure you ran across as well. Uh,

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Speaker 1: ladies and gentlemen, the people who were picked for the

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Speaker 1: medical retrieval teams were not the crack soldiers. They weren't

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Speaker 1: the smartest, they weren't the fastest. They were considered to

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Speaker 1: be the ones who are least likely to actually kill

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Speaker 1: the enemy. Therefore, let's go ahead and put them in

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Speaker 1: charge of this wagon for all the soldiers who have

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Speaker 1: been wounded, right, they were considered the grade B fighters. Uh, yeah,

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Speaker 1: it's it was. They were not picked for their ability

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Speaker 1: to actually retrieve people. They were picked because they were

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Speaker 1: least likely to be useful on the front lines. Um.

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Speaker 1: And speaking of front lines, that was part of the problem.

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Speaker 1: Like these wagons were actually usually located the back of

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Speaker 1: the army, and they were very heavy, they're very cumbersome,

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Speaker 1: so it took so much time and effort to maneuver

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Speaker 1: them that offense soldiers were dying on the battlefield before

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Speaker 1: they'd ever have a chance to be rescued, let alone

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Speaker 1: incur any problems along the way. So this was a

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Speaker 1: big issue until a French surgeon named Dominique Jean Larry

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Speaker 1: designed a lightweight, two wheeled wagon to create a faster

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Speaker 1: response vehicle. And they were called flying ambulances. And it's

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Speaker 1: not because they could fly through the air, because they couldn't. Uh. Sorry,

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Speaker 1: I didn't mean to cut you off there, Ben, But

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Speaker 1: they were often stationed with the flying artillery, which also

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Speaker 1: could not fly. Oh yeah, sorry, this is just a

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Speaker 1: bummer across the board. Well, they're called flying artillery because

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Speaker 1: they were very light artillery that would be towed by

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Speaker 1: horses to their location, so they could they could relocate

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Speaker 1: relatively quickly, as opposed to field artillery, which was so

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Speaker 1: heavy and cumbersome that you planted it and you didn't

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Speaker 1: move it, you know, until the battle is over. It's

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Speaker 1: staying right there. So uh, they would be stationed with

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Speaker 1: the flying artillery. So these are both horse cavalry type units.

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Speaker 1: They normally be cavalry support and that changes fundamentally changes

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Speaker 1: somebody's odds of living or surviving a war wound. Oh yeah, yeah,

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Speaker 1: there is a huge improvement. Some people were suggesting that

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Speaker 1: it was an improvement as much as that that that

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Speaker 1: you know, you had a rate of casualty that was

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Speaker 1: being reduced to ten because of this. Now that was

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Speaker 1: someone who was writing in support of funding more of

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Speaker 1: these kind of wagons. So I doubt that it was

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Speaker 1: based on any empirical research. More on, more on the

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Speaker 1: idea of I think how many lives we could save,

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Speaker 1: which still is a noble effort, you know, if you

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Speaker 1: have to fudge a few numbers. But some hospitals at

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Speaker 1: this time, such as the Staffordshire General Infirmary, started to

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Speaker 1: employ their own ambulances. So now we start seeing ambulances

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Speaker 1: in the civilian life, not just in in warfare. And

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Speaker 1: these were still wagons pulled by horses. The Staffordshire's wagon

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Speaker 1: was described as quote a carriage hung upon strings to

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Speaker 1: be drawn by one or more horses for the conveyance

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Speaker 1: of the sick or maimed end quote. And by the

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Speaker 1: close of the eighteenth century, organized ambulance service was starting

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Speaker 1: to grow in Europe Europe Europe, yes, the United States

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Speaker 1: was not so quick to adopt this. Ambulance service was

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Speaker 1: practically absent during the beginning of the American Civil war,

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Speaker 1: which if you guys aren't familiar, Uh, a lot of

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Speaker 1: our listeners are from outside the US. The American Civil

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Speaker 1: War began in eighteen sixty by really eighteen sixty one.

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Speaker 1: And uh, you don't have any mention of ambulances in

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Speaker 1: those early in those early accounts, right yeah. And this

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Speaker 1: was um one of the bloodiest battles, right that people

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Speaker 1: remember in the United States. And uh, some of the

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Speaker 1: casualties in one of the battles, the Battle bull Run.

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Speaker 1: We're just saying this for an example, instead of having

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Speaker 1: an ambulance anywhere near, they walked twenty seven miles after

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Speaker 1: they were wounded to get some sort of treatment if

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Speaker 1: they survived. That's part of why there was such a

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Speaker 1: horrific attrition rate in this or casualty rate rather in

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Speaker 1: this um in this conflict. Oh absolutely yeah. I mean

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Speaker 1: not only do you have Americans versus Americans, So I mean,

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Speaker 1: no matter what the casualty is, an American, here's that.

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Speaker 1: But then you also had just these the you had

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Speaker 1: no preparedness, you had no ability to to help the people,

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Speaker 1: the soldiers who had fallen. And so again it was

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Speaker 1: one of those situations where if you fell in battle

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Speaker 1: if you were wounded, you know, people off would just

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Speaker 1: treat you as if you had died. Um. It was

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Speaker 1: only after the appointment of doctor Jonathan Letterman to the

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Speaker 1: post of Surgeon General of the Army of the Potomac

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Speaker 1: Medical Department. And this is where we mentioned the post

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Speaker 1: of surgeon general. The United States had not been invented yet.

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Speaker 1: There had there were surgeon generals in the armed forces,

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Speaker 1: and this is not the surgeon General of the Army

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Speaker 1: overall as a different, different post. But he uh organized

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Speaker 1: soldiers into response teams to carry wounded to a site

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Speaker 1: where they then could be transported to field hospitals or

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Speaker 1: even further on into general hospitals. In fact, they had

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Speaker 1: sort of a a primary response site where the anything

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Speaker 1: immediate would be attended to. The soldiers would then be

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Speaker 1: carried off to a field hospital. At the field hospital,

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Speaker 1: they would then determine whether or not to treat the

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Speaker 1: soldier there or to transport him further to the general hospital.

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Speaker 1: So it was a much more kind of chain of

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Speaker 1: command organized approach. Then William A. Hammond who became surgeon

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Speaker 1: General of the U. S. Army in the eighteen sixty two,

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Speaker 1: So the overall Army standardized ambulance response and also demanded

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Speaker 1: that hospitals be clean establishments, which was before back the

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Speaker 1: we knew about bacteria. So his theory was that the

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Speaker 1: clean establishments would save more lives, though he didn't have,

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Speaker 1: you know, like a scientific reason to point to, because

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Speaker 1: we hadn't discovered bacteria yet. But it turns out he

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Speaker 1: was right and um and so his his approach ended

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Speaker 1: up saving a lot of lives. He also demanded that

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Speaker 1: there'd be one ambulance for every one fifty soldiers serving

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Speaker 1: in the U. S. Army, and he got it, which

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Speaker 1: is pretty hardcore if you think about it back then,

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Speaker 1: because if we're talking about these response teams, right then

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Speaker 1: we're talking about a cost benefit analysis of things that

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Speaker 1: are pretty expensive and war, which is training time and cavalry.

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Speaker 1: So yeah, yeah, we're pretty persuasive. You're talking about not

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Speaker 1: just money, but actual people and animals resources that could

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Speaker 1: be dedicated to inflicting casualties upon the animally enemy. You'll

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Speaker 1: notice that I haven't really talked about the Confederates for

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Speaker 1: a reason for that, they just they were not nearly

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Speaker 1: as as organized as the as the Union was during

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Speaker 1: the Civil War when it came to things like treating soldiers.

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Speaker 1: Uh just watched the documentary film Gone with the Wind.

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Speaker 1: Uh don't. I mean, you can watch it. It's not

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Speaker 1: a documentary obviously. So in eighteen sixty four, Congress passes

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Speaker 1: the Ambulance Core Act, which established a standardized system of

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Speaker 1: ambulances in the United States. Now, these ambulances had distinct

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Speaker 1: labels to designate them as such, and then the Geneva

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Speaker 1: Convention of eighteen sixty four went further and adopted the

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Speaker 1: Red Cross as the international symbol for emergency medical responders,

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Speaker 1: which were to be treated as neutral parties. One thing

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Speaker 1: that is just fantastic about this is that this is

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Speaker 1: um and maybe it's a bit high, probably on my part,

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Speaker 1: ch Onathan, but this is one of the biggest steps

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Speaker 1: I think for the human species at large. We actually

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Speaker 1: took the idea of the Knights of St. John, which

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Speaker 1: which wasn't I mean, let's be honest, if it's during

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Speaker 1: the Crusades, they weren't always saving everybody. Sure, there's a

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Speaker 1: lot of mothering going on, I'm sure, but the Red

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Speaker 1: Cross as this international, neutral, benevolent force that somehow it

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Speaker 1: must have been a great day In eighteen sixty four

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Speaker 1: when they all agreed to let that slide. That's amazing

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Speaker 1: to me. I just wanted to stop and say, you know,

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Speaker 1: good for us people. Gosh, yeah, I mean it's it's

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Speaker 1: also a little one of those weird things to think

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Speaker 1: about the idea of we all agree that these people

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Speaker 1: are not okay to shoot at, but these other people

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Speaker 1: are totally okay to shoot at. This. This is where

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Speaker 1: my pacifism comes into right, where I'm just like, I

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Speaker 1: don't I don't get okay whatever, so um at any rate,

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Speaker 1: it is it is a great testament that we were

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Speaker 1: able to come to this agreement and by and large

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Speaker 1: people follow it because you know, it's it's it applies

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Speaker 1: to everyone. It's not something where only that side gets

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Speaker 1: to have the benefit of medical treatment. It's it's this

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Speaker 1: this international UH initiative. So in eighteen sixty five, the

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Speaker 1: Commercial Hospital in Cincinnati is the first one in the

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Speaker 1: United States to have a hospital based ambulance service. Bellevue

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Speaker 1: Hospital would follow in eighteen sixty nine. Oh fun fact,

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Speaker 1: this is something car stuff listeners will enjoy. Usually we

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Speaker 1: do a an inflation calculator that always does but I'll

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Speaker 1: at lee you probably recognize this, but I'll fill in

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Speaker 1: since UH Scott is occupied at the moment. So that

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Speaker 1: UH ambulance driver in eighteen sixty five there in Cincinnati

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Speaker 1: would make about three hundred and sixty dollars a year

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Speaker 1: in uh, you know, eighteen sixty five dollars in two

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Speaker 1: in fourteen, Jonathan, Uh, this is more than you would think,

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Speaker 1: but still not that much. It's about five thousand, two

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Speaker 1: hundred thirty dollars a year a year. Wow, yeah, all year.

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Speaker 1: I got a cut back on my Xbox consumption. And

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Speaker 1: that's probably what he was thinking right before he said,

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Speaker 1: what's the next box? Right right before they called the

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Speaker 1: second ambulance driver to pick him up, because he was

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Speaker 1: talking about things that made no sense back in eighteen six.

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Speaker 1: And now we're finally getting to automotives. Automotives, right, yeah, yeah, yeah,

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Speaker 1: the we get the first motorized ambulance in Chicago. It

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Speaker 1: was actually from why I understand, five hundred different business

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Speaker 1: men over in Chicago, UH donated money so that this

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Speaker 1: ambulance could become a reality. And so it was a

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Speaker 1: motorized ambulance that was donated to Michael Reese Hospital and

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Speaker 1: its top speed was a blistering sixteen miles per hour,

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Speaker 1: which still when you think about it, when you have

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Speaker 1: a reliable sixteen miles per hour and it's a device

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Speaker 1: that doesn't get tired. It can run out of juice,

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Speaker 1: but it doesn't get exhausted, Um, that's a big deal. Uh.

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Speaker 1: The now, the next year, New York's St. Vincent Hospital

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Speaker 1: would get its own motorized ambulance. It's horseless carriage ambulance.

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Speaker 1: And these were interesting. They were not gasoline powered vehicles.

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Speaker 1: These were and and then you know this because you've

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Speaker 1: covered car stuffer so long. They were electric vehicles. The

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Speaker 1: electric vehicle predates the internal combustion engine. Yes, and that

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Speaker 1: story is actually so interesting that we're going to have

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Speaker 1: to table it for another episode because you and I

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Speaker 1: could go off for twenty minutes about that. But that

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Speaker 1: is something that people need to know. And I know

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Speaker 1: it sounds hard to believe, but Jonathan, you are spot on.

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Speaker 1: The first cars were electric. Yeah. Yeah, you wouldn't think

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Speaker 1: of it now because whenever you see any sort of

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Speaker 1: advertisement for an electric vehicle, it's treating it like it's

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Speaker 1: a it's it's a brand new idea. Yeah, but this

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Speaker 1: is actually older than the gasoline powered cars where we've

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Speaker 1: been relying on for a century at any rate. Uh,

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Speaker 1: these electrical engine ambulances, they had a maximum travel distance

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Speaker 1: of between twenty to thirty miles, which is pretty good. Yeah.

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Speaker 1: You're talking about a city, right, You're not talking about

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Speaker 1: driving from one city to the next. You're talking about

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Speaker 1: an ambulance that would go out from a hospital to

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Speaker 1: a specific location within a city, pick up somebody and

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Speaker 1: bring it back. So bringing him or her back, and

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Speaker 1: the doctor in the back of the ambulance, because they

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Speaker 1: actually would allow a medical practitioner to go along, could

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Speaker 1: communicate with the driver in the front through a speaking tube. Yeah.

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Speaker 1: I love the I love of that note you have

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Speaker 1: about the speaking tube. I wish we still had those cars.

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Speaker 1: That sounds so much more fun than in intercom. Yeah. Yeah,

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Speaker 1: where be careful going around the corner. See. Yeah, obviously

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Speaker 1: that that brain Stuff episode about old timey voices is

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Speaker 1: stuck in my head. Keep falling into it. Oh that's

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Speaker 1: a good one. Um. So here we are. We're approaching

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Speaker 1: the twenty century. Yeah, we're in the twentieth century. We're

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Speaker 1: in the twentieth century. That's right, we're early on in it.

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Speaker 1: Because because New York's got there's nineteen hundred. I guess

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Speaker 1: if you want to be technical, nineteen o one is

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Speaker 1: into the twentieth century, you're not gonna be that guy. Okay. Well,

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Speaker 1: early in the twentieth century, Major Palace of the Canadian

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Speaker 1: Army introduced the first gasoline powered ambulances. Got it first,

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Speaker 1: and everyone went my word or they went a yeah,

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Speaker 1: one of those. Uh. At any rate, it makes sense.

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Speaker 1: Canada gets pretty cold. And we'll talk a little bit

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Speaker 1: about fuel types when we get further into the discussion.

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Speaker 1: So using gasolene made some sense. The first mass produced

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Speaker 1: ambulance came from a company that sold herses. Just like

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Speaker 1: Lee was mentioning, horses, were vehicles that, you know, we're

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Speaker 1: designed to have a person laid out in the back,

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Speaker 1: and so a patient who's suffering from some sort of

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Speaker 1: injury or illness may feel more comfortable down than sitting up.

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Speaker 1: And so the this company was called James Cunningham's Son

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Speaker 1: and Company, and there they had a really interesting design.

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Speaker 1: In fact, they were very h advanced in automobile technology

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Speaker 1: compared to their There the other cars that were on

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Speaker 1: the road at the time. Again, early twenteth century and

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Speaker 1: you end up getting this, uh, this machine that has

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Speaker 1: a cot in the back of it, and it had

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Speaker 1: its own suspension. So the cot had its suspension independent

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Speaker 1: of the vehicle, which allowed the passenger the patient to

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Speaker 1: remain more comfortable. They didn't feel all the bumps that

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Speaker 1: the ambulance is driving over. That can also prevent further

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Speaker 1: injury too, in the case of you know, a compound

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Speaker 1: break or yeah. Yeah, it's very important in that sense.

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Speaker 1: The the ambulance itself also had pneumatic tires, which was

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Speaker 1: unusual at the time. Most vehicles had solid tires. It

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Speaker 1: wasn't until Eater that pneumatic tires became kind of standard,

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Speaker 1: and these obviously also allowed for a much smoother, gentler

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Speaker 1: ride than a solid rubber tire. Can you imagine what

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Speaker 1: that must have felt like. I had to be pretty rough.

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Speaker 1: They didn't have a siren my favorite ambulance did I say? Yes,

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Speaker 1: they had a gong mounted on the side of the ambulance. No,

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Speaker 1: can we get a can we get a gong? Noise?

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Speaker 1: Someone must have someone must have fallen down and broken

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Speaker 1: a leg or something. Yeah, So they used that in

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Speaker 1: order to again, same reasons that that ambulances have sirens

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Speaker 1: to alert people that an ambulance was coming through so

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Speaker 1: that they could make way and allow the ambulance to

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Speaker 1: get to where it needed to be. It's Jonathan from one.

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Speaker 1: There's no emergency here. We're just gonna take a break

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Speaker 1: from writing in an ambulance and we'll be right back

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Speaker 1: going on to the earlier point that you made, which

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Speaker 1: which I think is so profound and cannot be over emphasized.

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Speaker 1: So many of the innovations in both performance and safety

428
00:25:07,960 --> 00:25:12,520
Speaker 1: into automobiles today come from two places, racing or war.

429
00:25:13,280 --> 00:25:15,400
Speaker 1: And it's weird when you think about it, because war

430
00:25:15,560 --> 00:25:18,800
Speaker 1: still has uh I would almost seeing even bigger parts

431
00:25:18,800 --> 00:25:21,240
Speaker 1: of play in the growth of the ambulance right. So sure,

432
00:25:21,280 --> 00:25:23,399
Speaker 1: because for one thing, you had to stay supply of

433
00:25:23,440 --> 00:25:26,280
Speaker 1: people who needed them. So, I mean, you know, just

434
00:25:26,400 --> 00:25:29,040
Speaker 1: from that, But but it is you're you're making an

435
00:25:29,040 --> 00:25:33,280
Speaker 1: interesting point here that both racing and war really drive innovation.

436
00:25:34,080 --> 00:25:38,320
Speaker 1: One in the sense means to use a pun that

437
00:25:38,400 --> 00:25:40,960
Speaker 1: one was not intentional. I usually go out of my

438
00:25:40,960 --> 00:25:44,040
Speaker 1: way for these, uh No, but they really do. Because

439
00:25:44,119 --> 00:25:46,840
Speaker 1: you have racing where there's a lot of money involved,

440
00:25:46,840 --> 00:25:50,120
Speaker 1: you want to be able to uh to get as

441
00:25:50,200 --> 00:25:52,200
Speaker 1: much money as you can if you're if you're running

442
00:25:52,200 --> 00:25:54,000
Speaker 1: a racing team, and you want your drivers to be

443
00:25:54,080 --> 00:25:57,400
Speaker 1: safe because they're the ones earning you the money, and

444
00:25:57,480 --> 00:25:59,800
Speaker 1: so you end up coming up with these innovative ways

445
00:25:59,800 --> 00:26:02,800
Speaker 1: of keeping your driver's safe, which later get trickled down

446
00:26:02,880 --> 00:26:07,280
Speaker 1: into other vehicles because their their efficacy is proven. And

447
00:26:07,320 --> 00:26:10,640
Speaker 1: then war, obviously you have the incentive to try and

448
00:26:11,320 --> 00:26:14,760
Speaker 1: keep as many of your men alive as possible on

449
00:26:14,760 --> 00:26:17,239
Speaker 1: inflicting as much damage on the enemy as possible, and

450
00:26:17,240 --> 00:26:20,280
Speaker 1: that requires lots of innovation. So that brings us to

451
00:26:20,320 --> 00:26:24,920
Speaker 1: World War One, Terrible War nineteen fourteen to nineteen eighteen,

452
00:26:25,440 --> 00:26:28,280
Speaker 1: and this saw motorized vehicles serve as ambulances, but there

453
00:26:28,320 --> 00:26:30,560
Speaker 1: were still a lot of horse drawn ambulances at the

454
00:26:30,600 --> 00:26:33,480
Speaker 1: same time. This is a moment of transition when the

455
00:26:33,480 --> 00:26:38,919
Speaker 1: automobile hasn't had universal acceptance or it's not universally available,

456
00:26:39,640 --> 00:26:43,199
Speaker 1: and early versions of ambulances were just converted buses or

457
00:26:43,280 --> 00:26:47,760
Speaker 1: Parisian taxis. They took taxis out of Paris and turned

458
00:26:47,760 --> 00:26:50,680
Speaker 1: them into ambulances. So when the United States entered the war,

459
00:26:50,760 --> 00:26:54,320
Speaker 1: the Americans brought along the model t Ford to serve

460
00:26:54,320 --> 00:26:57,640
Speaker 1: as ambulances. These were actually modified model T Fords. They

461
00:26:57,640 --> 00:27:01,240
Speaker 1: were had had a wider carriage to be able to

462
00:27:01,280 --> 00:27:08,440
Speaker 1: accept a person laying down um and they could travel

463
00:27:08,520 --> 00:27:11,240
Speaker 1: speeds up to forty and they could go across much

464
00:27:11,280 --> 00:27:14,959
Speaker 1: more rough terrain than your average wagon could. And there

465
00:27:15,000 --> 00:27:19,840
Speaker 1: was some experiments with airlifting patients, not using airplanes or helicopters,

466
00:27:19,840 --> 00:27:23,639
Speaker 1: but hot air balloons. This is crazy, actually one the

467
00:27:23,680 --> 00:27:25,800
Speaker 1: first one I've read about was in the Crimean War,

468
00:27:25,960 --> 00:27:28,200
Speaker 1: but there was also some in the World War One.

469
00:27:28,640 --> 00:27:31,200
Speaker 1: And one of the methods I saw had a stretcher

470
00:27:31,359 --> 00:27:35,159
Speaker 1: suspended beneath a balloon. So the balloon floats in the

471
00:27:35,200 --> 00:27:38,919
Speaker 1: air carries the the stretcher. And you think, how on

472
00:27:38,960 --> 00:27:41,600
Speaker 1: earth is the patients supposed to get to any place

473
00:27:41,640 --> 00:27:45,320
Speaker 1: meaningful as opposed to just getting away, And it was

474
00:27:45,359 --> 00:27:47,840
Speaker 1: because there there'd be a horse that would be tethered

475
00:27:48,000 --> 00:27:52,000
Speaker 1: to the stretcher, and the horse would you know, trod

476
00:27:52,040 --> 00:27:54,880
Speaker 1: along to wherever it was supposed to go. I assumed

477
00:27:54,880 --> 00:27:57,320
Speaker 1: there was also a rider that would go to the

478
00:27:57,359 --> 00:28:01,080
Speaker 1: nearest hospital and it would tow the balloon to the

479
00:28:01,160 --> 00:28:03,800
Speaker 1: hospital and us you would be able to bring the

480
00:28:03,840 --> 00:28:07,040
Speaker 1: patient back down to earth if they were not shot

481
00:28:07,200 --> 00:28:10,480
Speaker 1: from the sky. I mean, it's an innovative idea, yeah,

482
00:28:10,640 --> 00:28:13,840
Speaker 1: but uh, you know it's not it's not perfect. Is

483
00:28:13,960 --> 00:28:17,639
Speaker 1: jumping off point right right? Yeah? Or a falling down? Okay?

484
00:28:17,720 --> 00:28:21,320
Speaker 1: So post World War two, all right, So World War

485
00:28:21,359 --> 00:28:23,840
Speaker 1: two obviously more developments in the ambulance. By then we

486
00:28:23,880 --> 00:28:27,400
Speaker 1: had really switched to automobiles. But post World War Two

487
00:28:27,400 --> 00:28:31,040
Speaker 1: you also saw urban growth exploding, and it meant that

488
00:28:31,080 --> 00:28:33,720
Speaker 1: we need more ambulance services. So you have a lot

489
00:28:33,800 --> 00:28:37,480
Speaker 1: more areas, like you know, there were cities like London

490
00:28:37,480 --> 00:28:40,720
Speaker 1: in Paris that have been huge for hundreds of years.

491
00:28:41,360 --> 00:28:43,000
Speaker 1: But in general, we started to see more of a

492
00:28:43,080 --> 00:28:47,680
Speaker 1: move from agriculture to urban environments. This is the same

493
00:28:47,720 --> 00:28:51,160
Speaker 1: time as we're starting to see like some some really

494
00:28:51,240 --> 00:28:55,880
Speaker 1: big developments in industry that's just pushing people towards that.

495
00:28:56,560 --> 00:28:58,520
Speaker 1: And so it meant that we had a larger need

496
00:28:58,680 --> 00:29:02,480
Speaker 1: for ambulance services in cities, and that need was starting

497
00:29:02,480 --> 00:29:05,800
Speaker 1: to be met by various approaches. Again, many of these

498
00:29:05,800 --> 00:29:09,080
Speaker 1: ambulances were converted horses, but these didn't have a lot

499
00:29:09,080 --> 00:29:11,440
Speaker 1: of room for an attendant. You couldn't really have a

500
00:29:11,480 --> 00:29:15,400
Speaker 1: medical professional in the back who could easily attend to

501
00:29:15,480 --> 00:29:19,760
Speaker 1: any person. You essentially, we're just moving the injured person

502
00:29:19,840 --> 00:29:22,520
Speaker 1: to a hospital. So the standard thinking was that treatment

503
00:29:22,560 --> 00:29:26,120
Speaker 1: would begin once he got to the hospital, right. Yeah.

504
00:29:26,200 --> 00:29:28,880
Speaker 1: And now, of course, if you have ever been in

505
00:29:28,960 --> 00:29:33,000
Speaker 1: an ambulance, seen one, or just even watch TV, you

506
00:29:33,040 --> 00:29:37,520
Speaker 1: know the treatment begins the moment e M S arrives.

507
00:29:37,560 --> 00:29:41,680
Speaker 1: But up until this point, there wasn't really an e

508
00:29:41,920 --> 00:29:44,920
Speaker 1: M S thing. Yeah, yeah, this was again it was

509
00:29:44,920 --> 00:29:47,400
Speaker 1: one of those ideas where the people who were best

510
00:29:47,560 --> 00:29:50,360
Speaker 1: qualified to treat the patient, we're all at the hospital

511
00:29:51,080 --> 00:29:54,240
Speaker 1: or or urgent care center or whatever, something along those lines,

512
00:29:54,680 --> 00:29:56,800
Speaker 1: and the idea was you had to get the patient

513
00:29:56,880 --> 00:30:00,000
Speaker 1: to that person. There wasn't so much of an eye

514
00:30:00,000 --> 00:30:03,200
Speaker 1: idea of having medically trained people go out to see

515
00:30:03,240 --> 00:30:06,440
Speaker 1: the patient and attend to the patient while they are

516
00:30:06,480 --> 00:30:09,800
Speaker 1: being transported back to a hospital or other facility. And

517
00:30:09,840 --> 00:30:12,360
Speaker 1: it wasn't until the nineteen fifties that we really see

518
00:30:12,360 --> 00:30:16,080
Speaker 1: that birth of the emergency medical services movement. And this

519
00:30:16,120 --> 00:30:18,560
Speaker 1: is where we would see people who were treating trained

520
00:30:18,600 --> 00:30:23,600
Speaker 1: in medical emergency UH techniques to try and go out

521
00:30:23,640 --> 00:30:27,520
Speaker 1: and treat people and give them a better chance of recovery.

522
00:30:27,680 --> 00:30:31,160
Speaker 1: Or survival, even depending on the nature of the illness

523
00:30:31,280 --> 00:30:35,920
Speaker 1: or injury. Yeah, and we know that this eventually leads

524
00:30:36,000 --> 00:30:40,640
Speaker 1: to um leads to more improvements in the typical ambulance

525
00:30:40,720 --> 00:30:45,320
Speaker 1: because also the as strange as this sounds, uh, the

526
00:30:45,440 --> 00:30:49,840
Speaker 1: ambulances that were used before this time didn't necessarily have

527
00:30:50,920 --> 00:30:54,520
Speaker 1: medical equipment on board. R Yeah. It was essentially a

528
00:30:54,560 --> 00:30:57,200
Speaker 1: moving bed. Yeah, I mean, that's really what it got

529
00:30:57,400 --> 00:31:00,040
Speaker 1: boils down to, is that, uh, you know again, and

530
00:31:00,120 --> 00:31:04,080
Speaker 1: a lot of the ambulances were just meant to allow

531
00:31:04,280 --> 00:31:07,720
Speaker 1: people to take a wounded or sick person to the hospital,

532
00:31:08,080 --> 00:31:11,840
Speaker 1: that's it. But it changed once we started getting medical

533
00:31:11,920 --> 00:31:16,640
Speaker 1: professionals on board. Yeah. And in nineteen sixty five there

534
00:31:16,840 --> 00:31:19,760
Speaker 1: was the Accidental Death and Disability Paper, which I think

535
00:31:19,880 --> 00:31:22,280
Speaker 1: was actually published in sixty six, written in sixty five,

536
00:31:22,320 --> 00:31:24,920
Speaker 1: publish in sixty six, and it called for a new

537
00:31:24,960 --> 00:31:27,719
Speaker 1: type of ambulance to provide space for the not just

538
00:31:27,760 --> 00:31:30,880
Speaker 1: the patient, but also in attendant end equipment. The idea

539
00:31:31,120 --> 00:31:35,200
Speaker 1: here being we can treat this person as soon as

540
00:31:35,240 --> 00:31:37,320
Speaker 1: we're able to make contact with them. As soon as

541
00:31:37,360 --> 00:31:40,080
Speaker 1: we get to where they are, we treatment can begin

542
00:31:40,360 --> 00:31:43,000
Speaker 1: at that moment. There's no need to put it off

543
00:31:43,120 --> 00:31:46,680
Speaker 1: until they are at the hospital that too many lives

544
00:31:46,720 --> 00:31:49,600
Speaker 1: are being lost, too many or even if the life

545
00:31:49,640 --> 00:31:53,720
Speaker 1: isn't lost, the quality of life declines sharply if they

546
00:31:53,760 --> 00:31:57,880
Speaker 1: aren't able to receive help as early as possible. So

547
00:31:58,080 --> 00:32:01,320
Speaker 1: the nineteen seventy three e M S Systems Act required

548
00:32:01,320 --> 00:32:04,640
Speaker 1: that communities receiving federal funds for their programs had to

549
00:32:04,640 --> 00:32:08,960
Speaker 1: have ambulances that met federal specifications, which included things like

550
00:32:09,560 --> 00:32:14,400
Speaker 1: they're you know, crash test rating or having um A

551
00:32:14,520 --> 00:32:18,320
Speaker 1: BS or you know other elements as we've been down to,

552
00:32:18,400 --> 00:32:22,520
Speaker 1: like the frequency of maintenance. Y. Yeah, you had to

553
00:32:22,520 --> 00:32:25,160
Speaker 1: be able to meet these qualifications in order for you

554
00:32:25,240 --> 00:32:27,720
Speaker 1: to receive that funding. Otherwise you could have the funding

555
00:32:27,720 --> 00:32:31,040
Speaker 1: cut off. There are three types of chassiss that were

556
00:32:32,040 --> 00:32:35,880
Speaker 1: established by this and those three types are still the

557
00:32:35,920 --> 00:32:39,520
Speaker 1: types we we refer to today. So you've got type one,

558
00:32:39,840 --> 00:32:42,840
Speaker 1: which uses a small truck body with a modular component

559
00:32:42,920 --> 00:32:45,800
Speaker 1: in the back. Type two, which is I think the

560
00:32:45,880 --> 00:32:48,120
Speaker 1: most prevalent type here in the United States at least,

561
00:32:48,480 --> 00:32:50,760
Speaker 1: it has a van body with a raised roof, and

562
00:32:50,840 --> 00:32:53,400
Speaker 1: Type three has a van chassis but with a modular

563
00:32:53,480 --> 00:32:56,360
Speaker 1: component in the back and in the United States, these

564
00:32:56,360 --> 00:33:00,160
Speaker 1: will all have something called the Star of life. If

565
00:33:00,200 --> 00:33:03,200
Speaker 1: we've all seen this, it's a blue uh six point

566
00:33:03,200 --> 00:33:06,120
Speaker 1: in star uh with the with the rod in the

567
00:33:06,160 --> 00:33:08,360
Speaker 1: middle right and then the snake on it, you know,

568
00:33:08,480 --> 00:33:12,400
Speaker 1: the whole nine uh. This was originally designed by the

569
00:33:12,520 --> 00:33:16,120
Speaker 1: U S National Traffic Safety Administration, and it's kind of

570
00:33:16,160 --> 00:33:18,880
Speaker 1: like a It's weird because it's it's trademarked by them,

571
00:33:18,920 --> 00:33:23,480
Speaker 1: but it's kind of like a mark of authenticity for E. M.

572
00:33:23,560 --> 00:33:28,040
Speaker 1: S vehicles and for ambulances, um or and even you know,

573
00:33:28,080 --> 00:33:30,920
Speaker 1: of course, you see a paramedic, they will usually have

574
00:33:31,080 --> 00:33:35,720
Speaker 1: that somewhere on their on their body. And this you'll

575
00:33:35,720 --> 00:33:37,320
Speaker 1: see on our notes here. I had this as we

576
00:33:37,320 --> 00:33:40,800
Speaker 1: could skip this, but it's interesting. Let's keep it okay, alright, cool.

577
00:33:41,120 --> 00:33:43,560
Speaker 1: The next time you look at one of these six

578
00:33:43,600 --> 00:33:45,880
Speaker 1: point in stars on the side of an ambulance or

579
00:33:45,880 --> 00:33:49,560
Speaker 1: a paramedic, it looks almost like an asterisk. It pretty

580
00:33:49,600 --> 00:33:51,960
Speaker 1: It looks way more like an asterisk than it does

581
00:33:52,040 --> 00:33:54,880
Speaker 1: like a star, you know, because it has it has

582
00:33:54,920 --> 00:33:57,600
Speaker 1: flat ends, so it's more like three bars laid over

583
00:33:57,640 --> 00:34:02,200
Speaker 1: one another. Each of these project points stands for one

584
00:34:02,240 --> 00:34:06,680
Speaker 1: of the things that emergency services do. There's detection, reporting,

585
00:34:06,760 --> 00:34:10,280
Speaker 1: response on seen care, care and transit and then transfer

586
00:34:10,400 --> 00:34:14,160
Speaker 1: to definitive care. And to me, that's interesting because I

587
00:34:14,160 --> 00:34:18,160
Speaker 1: always wonder about the logic behind a logo, you know,

588
00:34:18,400 --> 00:34:21,160
Speaker 1: um where where, because everybody who makes one of these

589
00:34:22,040 --> 00:34:25,120
Speaker 1: has a story. Sure like the Red Cross, right the

590
00:34:25,239 --> 00:34:28,359
Speaker 1: right to st John, you don't. You don't. Typically when

591
00:34:28,360 --> 00:34:30,799
Speaker 1: you're making a logo, you don't want it to You

592
00:34:30,800 --> 00:34:33,719
Speaker 1: wanted to have some sort of significance or whatever it

593
00:34:33,800 --> 00:34:36,080
Speaker 1: is you're doing right, you want you wanted to tell

594
00:34:36,120 --> 00:34:38,320
Speaker 1: its own story so that not only do people recognize

595
00:34:38,320 --> 00:34:40,759
Speaker 1: it as your logo, but they at least get that

596
00:34:40,800 --> 00:34:43,440
Speaker 1: there's some sort of significance to it. I always I

597
00:34:43,480 --> 00:34:47,239
Speaker 1: feel so dumb because Jonathan, I always assumed that they

598
00:34:47,320 --> 00:34:50,000
Speaker 1: just stuck a logo on there because they said, hey,

599
00:34:50,040 --> 00:34:53,600
Speaker 1: you know what, let's let people know this is an ambulance. Well,

600
00:34:53,719 --> 00:34:55,920
Speaker 1: to be fair, Ben, that could be the answer. And

601
00:34:55,960 --> 00:34:59,000
Speaker 1: it could be that these six points were retro cond

602
00:34:59,120 --> 00:35:03,200
Speaker 1: you know, yeah, totally just you know, reckon the whole thing.

603
00:35:03,280 --> 00:35:05,919
Speaker 1: But I thought it was really interesting. It also makes

604
00:35:05,920 --> 00:35:09,240
Speaker 1: me think that if if you're hurt and a van

605
00:35:09,320 --> 00:35:12,160
Speaker 1: pulls up and it doesn't have this mark on it,

606
00:35:12,280 --> 00:35:16,160
Speaker 1: don't get into the van. Yeah, that's the first thing

607
00:35:16,200 --> 00:35:18,920
Speaker 1: that that occurred to me when you were talking about this. No,

608
00:35:19,200 --> 00:35:22,239
Speaker 1: we we came the three types right that they have

609
00:35:22,400 --> 00:35:26,760
Speaker 1: their but uh, ambulances, as we established at the top,

610
00:35:27,320 --> 00:35:32,440
Speaker 1: don't have to necessarily be a car automobile. Yeah, they

611
00:35:32,480 --> 00:35:34,960
Speaker 1: they can be, and in fact, i'd say the vast

612
00:35:34,960 --> 00:35:38,720
Speaker 1: majority of them are. But they can also be boats

613
00:35:38,880 --> 00:35:43,319
Speaker 1: or helicopters, fixed wing aircraft or even other vehicles. And

614
00:35:43,360 --> 00:35:46,719
Speaker 1: emergency ambulances are you know, the ones that we think

615
00:35:46,719 --> 00:35:49,560
Speaker 1: of that's the most common type, the emergency ambulances, the

616
00:35:49,560 --> 00:35:52,839
Speaker 1: type that has a medical professional in it um at

617
00:35:52,880 --> 00:35:56,759
Speaker 1: least one usually too, uh, and that can treat you

618
00:35:56,840 --> 00:36:00,960
Speaker 1: on the way to a medical facility like hospital. But

619
00:36:01,000 --> 00:36:04,680
Speaker 1: there are other types of ambulances as well, like charity ambulances,

620
00:36:04,960 --> 00:36:08,799
Speaker 1: which technically what they do is they transport patients to

621
00:36:09,280 --> 00:36:13,279
Speaker 1: some other location for you know, maybe an outing. So

622
00:36:13,440 --> 00:36:16,880
Speaker 1: think of like a children's hospital where there's an organized

623
00:36:16,920 --> 00:36:20,520
Speaker 1: trip to take children from the children's hospital to some

624
00:36:20,600 --> 00:36:24,200
Speaker 1: location like a zoo or essentially what is similar to

625
00:36:24,239 --> 00:36:27,200
Speaker 1: a field trip. So there are other ambulances as well

626
00:36:27,280 --> 00:36:30,880
Speaker 1: that are designed to carry patients or to get medical

627
00:36:30,920 --> 00:36:34,960
Speaker 1: professionals to patients. But emergency ambulances are the ones we're

628
00:36:34,960 --> 00:36:36,799
Speaker 1: focusing on because those are the ones that I think

629
00:36:36,840 --> 00:36:38,799
Speaker 1: most people when they hear the word ambulance, that's what

630
00:36:38,840 --> 00:36:42,680
Speaker 1: they're thinking about, right, And even more specifically, we're talking

631
00:36:42,719 --> 00:36:46,360
Speaker 1: about the van based ones because there's a very interesting

632
00:36:47,040 --> 00:36:51,360
Speaker 1: story about how these are created. Yeah, it takes a

633
00:36:52,320 --> 00:36:55,600
Speaker 1: it takes a village or at least two different manufacturers

634
00:36:56,040 --> 00:36:58,440
Speaker 1: in general. So you may think, like, well, where do

635
00:36:58,480 --> 00:37:01,680
Speaker 1: ambulances come from? Who makes like what what car company

636
00:37:01,680 --> 00:37:04,319
Speaker 1: makes them? And there's no single answer for that. In fact,

637
00:37:04,520 --> 00:37:06,920
Speaker 1: there are lots of different car companies that make the

638
00:37:07,040 --> 00:37:11,359
Speaker 1: chassiss that end up being used as ambulances. And then

639
00:37:11,360 --> 00:37:14,439
Speaker 1: you have other manufacturers that are not the big car

640
00:37:14,480 --> 00:37:19,799
Speaker 1: companies that make the various compartments like the actual you know,

641
00:37:19,880 --> 00:37:23,080
Speaker 1: maybe the modular components in some cases or in other cases,

642
00:37:23,520 --> 00:37:26,279
Speaker 1: they get they get possession of the chassis that was

643
00:37:26,600 --> 00:37:29,719
Speaker 1: manufactured by the first company, and then they put in

644
00:37:29,880 --> 00:37:34,680
Speaker 1: all the stuff like the fittings, the medical equipment, all

645
00:37:34,719 --> 00:37:37,120
Speaker 1: the kind of thing that actually makes it an ambulance.

646
00:37:37,280 --> 00:37:39,680
Speaker 1: The tech that will will talk about in just a bit.

647
00:37:39,719 --> 00:37:43,640
Speaker 1: And then they're also the second manufacturer is typically the

648
00:37:43,680 --> 00:37:46,600
Speaker 1: one who has to build to that federal code. Yes, yeah,

649
00:37:46,640 --> 00:37:48,719
Speaker 1: they build out that whole interior. They have to meet

650
00:37:48,719 --> 00:37:51,800
Speaker 1: the code, and the chassis obviously has to meet the

651
00:37:52,400 --> 00:37:55,759
Speaker 1: requirements of things like the crash tests, but the rest

652
00:37:55,760 --> 00:37:58,359
Speaker 1: of it also has to meet those same requirements. So

653
00:37:58,719 --> 00:38:01,239
Speaker 1: it's interesting that you wouldn't say, you know, because you

654
00:38:01,280 --> 00:38:05,719
Speaker 1: think of you think of vehicles usually as a single manufacturer. Yeah, yeah,

655
00:38:05,760 --> 00:38:07,759
Speaker 1: that's a Dodge such and such, you know that kind

656
00:38:07,800 --> 00:38:12,120
Speaker 1: of thing, whereas Dodge does make the chassis for some ambulances.

657
00:38:12,200 --> 00:38:15,160
Speaker 1: But it's not like you can't say the ambulance is

658
00:38:15,239 --> 00:38:17,440
Speaker 1: a blank vehicle. It's a type of vehicle, just like

659
00:38:17,440 --> 00:38:19,560
Speaker 1: a van is a type of vehicle, or sedan is

660
00:38:19,560 --> 00:38:21,560
Speaker 1: a type of vehicle. Yeah, that's a great point. And

661
00:38:21,600 --> 00:38:28,240
Speaker 1: they're so so varied in terms of just size, type, shape, function.

662
00:38:28,600 --> 00:38:31,319
Speaker 1: It really reminds me of limousines. Actually, yeah, because a

663
00:38:31,320 --> 00:38:35,080
Speaker 1: lot of limos are custom, custom coach jobs too. That's

664
00:38:35,080 --> 00:38:40,520
Speaker 1: what it's called when a manufacturer is building something, uh

665
00:38:40,760 --> 00:38:46,080
Speaker 1: to specification rather than to um production numbers, if that

666
00:38:46,120 --> 00:38:49,799
Speaker 1: makes sense. So we know also that this even goes

667
00:38:49,840 --> 00:38:52,600
Speaker 1: down to uh, oh, this is a point you made earlier.

668
00:38:52,680 --> 00:38:54,920
Speaker 1: This even comes down to what sort of fuel they use.

669
00:38:55,120 --> 00:38:58,720
Speaker 1: Oh yeah, yeah, because if you are in a cold area,

670
00:38:59,320 --> 00:39:01,879
Speaker 1: then you may not want to use diesel fuel. See,

671
00:39:01,880 --> 00:39:04,680
Speaker 1: diesel is often used in the warmer climates. It's it's

672
00:39:04,680 --> 00:39:07,760
Speaker 1: often thought of as being more efficient and also safer

673
00:39:08,239 --> 00:39:11,560
Speaker 1: because uh and if you are responding to let's say

674
00:39:11,560 --> 00:39:15,520
Speaker 1: a fire, then a gasoline powered vehicle is considered to

675
00:39:15,600 --> 00:39:21,000
Speaker 1: be dangerous because gasoline is very, very flammable. Diesel not

676
00:39:21,120 --> 00:39:24,920
Speaker 1: as much. So yeah, so so diesel vehicles are often used,

677
00:39:25,440 --> 00:39:29,160
Speaker 1: um in warmer climates, but in cold climates, diesel engines

678
00:39:29,239 --> 00:39:33,320
Speaker 1: take time to warm up to actually work. Anyone who's

679
00:39:33,360 --> 00:39:36,120
Speaker 1: operated diesel vehicle up in the Great White North knows

680
00:39:36,160 --> 00:39:40,480
Speaker 1: what I'm talking about, So they often will use gasoline

681
00:39:40,520 --> 00:39:45,080
Speaker 1: powered vehicles instead. Uh, you might find gasoline powered vehicles

682
00:39:45,120 --> 00:39:47,879
Speaker 1: and warmer climates to It kind of just depends upon

683
00:39:48,040 --> 00:39:51,960
Speaker 1: whatever the company that's running the ambulance has ordered. Right.

684
00:39:51,960 --> 00:39:55,600
Speaker 1: There are quite a few companies and US partially or

685
00:39:55,719 --> 00:39:59,799
Speaker 1: Holy State owned enterprises. The more and more we learn

686
00:39:59,840 --> 00:40:03,160
Speaker 1: of out ambulances, the more we learned that while they

687
00:40:03,160 --> 00:40:06,040
Speaker 1: all have the same aim for the most part, they

688
00:40:06,080 --> 00:40:11,040
Speaker 1: have their myriad ways to get there. And uh. One

689
00:40:11,080 --> 00:40:14,120
Speaker 1: great note about the diesel fuel right is, of course

690
00:40:14,160 --> 00:40:17,000
Speaker 1: you can't use a fuel, no matter how efficient it is,

691
00:40:17,040 --> 00:40:18,959
Speaker 1: you can't use the fuel that will slow you down

692
00:40:19,040 --> 00:40:22,240
Speaker 1: in these situations. I mean, you can't even really stop

693
00:40:22,280 --> 00:40:24,480
Speaker 1: for traffic lights or anything, which is why you have

694
00:40:24,520 --> 00:40:29,400
Speaker 1: those famous ambulance sirens and lights. What's interesting to me

695
00:40:29,600 --> 00:40:33,840
Speaker 1: is that the very first motorized ambulances had these electric

696
00:40:33,960 --> 00:40:36,880
Speaker 1: lights that were mounted on the outside to help people

697
00:40:37,320 --> 00:40:39,000
Speaker 1: be alerted to the fact that there was an ambulance

698
00:40:39,040 --> 00:40:40,560
Speaker 1: coming through. I think it was the New York one

699
00:40:40,600 --> 00:40:43,080
Speaker 1: that had the first ones. Yeah, which is kind of cool.

700
00:40:43,160 --> 00:40:45,960
Speaker 1: Now sirens came a little later, but this is one

701
00:40:45,960 --> 00:40:49,000
Speaker 1: of those things that we see common across emergency response vehicles,

702
00:40:49,000 --> 00:40:54,200
Speaker 1: whether it's police, ambulance, fire engines, etcetera. And obviously they

703
00:40:54,200 --> 00:40:57,480
Speaker 1: all have the same uh need or the same aim,

704
00:40:57,520 --> 00:41:00,839
Speaker 1: which is to alert people a you know, there, we

705
00:41:00,920 --> 00:41:03,280
Speaker 1: have got someplace, we have got to be very quickly.

706
00:41:03,280 --> 00:41:06,400
Speaker 1: People's lives depend on it. Please move out the way.

707
00:41:06,719 --> 00:41:09,440
Speaker 1: And so obviously if you're in the United States, you

708
00:41:09,480 --> 00:41:11,600
Speaker 1: know what you're supposed to do. You're supposed to pull

709
00:41:11,640 --> 00:41:13,520
Speaker 1: over to the side of the road and stop your vehicle,

710
00:41:14,080 --> 00:41:18,520
Speaker 1: not crawl along. You stop, you allow the emergency vehicles

711
00:41:18,520 --> 00:41:22,680
Speaker 1: to pass, and then you can resume normal operation. Uh.

712
00:41:22,719 --> 00:41:26,160
Speaker 1: So those lights and sirens. Uh, it's interesting. You know

713
00:41:26,200 --> 00:41:30,040
Speaker 1: you've probably wondered. I actually had a conversation about this

714
00:41:30,080 --> 00:41:33,560
Speaker 1: with friends of mine not too long ago about if

715
00:41:33,600 --> 00:41:36,200
Speaker 1: you hear a siren going off, you see the lights

716
00:41:36,239 --> 00:41:40,360
Speaker 1: going off, you wonder is there someone in that vehicle,

717
00:41:40,800 --> 00:41:42,720
Speaker 1: like a patient. Is there a patient in that vehicle

718
00:41:42,800 --> 00:41:46,960
Speaker 1: or are they on their way to get a patient? Well,

719
00:41:47,320 --> 00:41:50,760
Speaker 1: you can't really tell, except to say that statistically speaking,

720
00:41:50,840 --> 00:41:53,080
Speaker 1: it's far more likely if the siren is on and

721
00:41:53,120 --> 00:41:56,360
Speaker 1: the lights are going that there is not a patient

722
00:41:56,480 --> 00:42:01,000
Speaker 1: in the back. Generally speaking, the rules say, and the rules,

723
00:42:01,000 --> 00:42:03,520
Speaker 1: by the way, they vary from region to region, but

724
00:42:04,520 --> 00:42:08,319
Speaker 1: generally speaking, the rules say that if you are on

725
00:42:08,400 --> 00:42:12,280
Speaker 1: your way to try and and respond to someone who

726
00:42:12,719 --> 00:42:15,360
Speaker 1: has need of an ambulance, that's when you use the

727
00:42:15,440 --> 00:42:17,560
Speaker 1: lights and the sirens in order to get to where

728
00:42:17,560 --> 00:42:20,640
Speaker 1: you need to go as quickly as possible while treating

729
00:42:20,640 --> 00:42:23,040
Speaker 1: the patient in order not to put place more stress

730
00:42:23,080 --> 00:42:25,160
Speaker 1: on the patient, and also not to put more stress

731
00:42:25,160 --> 00:42:27,319
Speaker 1: on the driver who needs to make sure they get

732
00:42:27,360 --> 00:42:31,680
Speaker 1: to the hospital safely. They often will not use the

733
00:42:31,840 --> 00:42:36,400
Speaker 1: lights or sirens unless the patient is in a critical

734
00:42:36,440 --> 00:42:39,080
Speaker 1: state where they absolutely need to be able to get

735
00:42:39,120 --> 00:42:42,720
Speaker 1: to health care like a hospital as soon as possible.

736
00:42:42,760 --> 00:42:45,920
Speaker 1: You know that makes sense because I was having a conversation,

737
00:42:46,040 --> 00:42:50,000
Speaker 1: probably not with the same people I was having this conversation.

738
00:42:50,040 --> 00:42:52,600
Speaker 1: Were you in that same group? Was that one of

739
00:42:52,640 --> 00:42:55,400
Speaker 1: those moments where we just refuse to acknowledge each other's existence.

740
00:42:55,480 --> 00:42:57,799
Speaker 1: I mean, it happens. It happens. We spend a lot

741
00:42:57,840 --> 00:43:01,280
Speaker 1: of time hanging out their ups and down. But no, uh,

742
00:43:01,440 --> 00:43:04,600
Speaker 1: this is strange because I had a conversation that dovetailed

743
00:43:04,600 --> 00:43:08,080
Speaker 1: with this, which was one of my friends complaining about

744
00:43:08,480 --> 00:43:12,600
Speaker 1: seeing an ambulance. She maintained that it had its lights

745
00:43:12,640 --> 00:43:16,040
Speaker 1: on just to get through an intersection and then it's

746
00:43:16,040 --> 00:43:18,719
Speaker 1: turned them off or um. She said she had seen

747
00:43:18,800 --> 00:43:22,319
Speaker 1: police officers do this as well. But I think my

748
00:43:22,440 --> 00:43:26,160
Speaker 1: position in this was that we don't know what's going

749
00:43:26,200 --> 00:43:28,840
Speaker 1: on in the vehicle, We don't know what orders they're receiving,

750
00:43:29,200 --> 00:43:32,920
Speaker 1: so let's try not to be too judgmental if we

751
00:43:33,040 --> 00:43:36,240
Speaker 1: see an ambulance, you know, appeared to flick its lights

752
00:43:36,400 --> 00:43:39,200
Speaker 1: erratically or something like that, because you know, they may

753
00:43:39,200 --> 00:43:42,280
Speaker 1: have had their call canceled, somebody else may have picked

754
00:43:42,280 --> 00:43:46,360
Speaker 1: it up. And for Pete's sake, E and t S

755
00:43:46,360 --> 00:43:48,879
Speaker 1: are not paid enough, I don't care what anyone says.

756
00:43:49,000 --> 00:43:52,040
Speaker 1: And and it's quite possible that they have a patient

757
00:43:52,680 --> 00:43:55,799
Speaker 1: in the fact, because, uh, one of the times they

758
00:43:55,840 --> 00:43:59,200
Speaker 1: can use their lights and sirens, you know, outside of

759
00:43:59,200 --> 00:44:02,920
Speaker 1: of when they're trying to get to a patient, is

760
00:44:03,000 --> 00:44:06,399
Speaker 1: whenever they are going to use any moving privilege. That's

761
00:44:06,400 --> 00:44:08,560
Speaker 1: what you were talking about a second ago. Moving privilege

762
00:44:08,600 --> 00:44:12,720
Speaker 1: is the privilege that emergency vehicles have to go through

763
00:44:12,840 --> 00:44:17,120
Speaker 1: things like stop signs, red lights, um, go go into

764
00:44:17,320 --> 00:44:20,359
Speaker 1: opposing traffic, you know, things that you are really not

765
00:44:20,440 --> 00:44:24,239
Speaker 1: supposed to do. Emergency vehicles can do under special situations.

766
00:44:24,920 --> 00:44:29,080
Speaker 1: And in those situations that's they are required actually to

767
00:44:29,800 --> 00:44:32,760
Speaker 1: run the lights and siren because they have to alert

768
00:44:33,280 --> 00:44:36,560
Speaker 1: the traffic that normally would be going through that intersection

769
00:44:36,680 --> 00:44:39,640
Speaker 1: or going that opposite way of travel that they are

770
00:44:39,680 --> 00:44:43,279
Speaker 1: coming through. And it's quite possible that you know it's

771
00:44:43,360 --> 00:44:46,240
Speaker 1: again in order to get a patient to the hospital,

772
00:44:46,640 --> 00:44:49,359
Speaker 1: and it may be that the patients, um uh, their

773
00:44:49,440 --> 00:44:52,279
Speaker 1: state is such that they need to get there soon.

774
00:44:52,719 --> 00:44:54,800
Speaker 1: They're not so critical that they need to be running

775
00:44:54,800 --> 00:44:56,920
Speaker 1: the siren and lights the entire time, but they need

776
00:44:56,960 --> 00:44:59,360
Speaker 1: to get through this intersection. They can't stop for traffic.

777
00:44:59,560 --> 00:45:01,480
Speaker 1: I have question for you at the end of this

778
00:45:01,600 --> 00:45:05,200
Speaker 1: regarding regarding this very point, but we'll we'll hold it there. UM.

779
00:45:05,320 --> 00:45:07,959
Speaker 1: I think you already pointed out that when New York

780
00:45:08,360 --> 00:45:11,440
Speaker 1: launched this uh, this motorized ambulance or excuse me, not

781
00:45:11,520 --> 00:45:15,279
Speaker 1: motorized their first ambulance system, uh, that horse drawn cart

782
00:45:15,360 --> 00:45:18,440
Speaker 1: going at its bustle blistering four miles per hour. And

783
00:45:18,520 --> 00:45:22,200
Speaker 1: he did some lights to let everybody know. Um. There

784
00:45:22,239 --> 00:45:26,400
Speaker 1: were also not any federal standards for light based ambulance

785
00:45:26,440 --> 00:45:29,120
Speaker 1: alerts for a very long time. So it's all of

786
00:45:29,120 --> 00:45:32,879
Speaker 1: this customization and variation. Um. You know, if you've ever

787
00:45:32,960 --> 00:45:36,480
Speaker 1: heard a siren, you hear that it always has at

788
00:45:36,520 --> 00:45:40,200
Speaker 1: least two tones usually and and it oscillates between the

789
00:45:40,239 --> 00:45:42,960
Speaker 1: two right. And you know why that is too, because

790
00:45:43,080 --> 00:45:48,600
Speaker 1: the sound there makes it easier to hear if it's

791
00:45:48,600 --> 00:45:51,839
Speaker 1: coming toward you it's going away. Yeah, that you've got

792
00:45:51,840 --> 00:45:53,920
Speaker 1: the Doppler effect where if it's coming towards you, it's

793
00:45:53,960 --> 00:45:55,719
Speaker 1: a higher pitch, and as it's going away it's a

794
00:45:55,760 --> 00:45:59,560
Speaker 1: lower pitch. But either way you identify that as the

795
00:45:59,600 --> 00:46:05,919
Speaker 1: sound of an emergency vehicle. Yes. And also this this variation, though,

796
00:46:06,120 --> 00:46:10,919
Speaker 1: means that ambulances would have different sounds or different colors

797
00:46:10,960 --> 00:46:14,759
Speaker 1: of light for such a long time, such a long

798
00:46:14,840 --> 00:46:17,960
Speaker 1: time in fact, and this irritates the heck out of

799
00:46:17,960 --> 00:46:21,160
Speaker 1: me that it is still a patchwork at least in

800
00:46:21,160 --> 00:46:24,560
Speaker 1: the United States h state by state right. For instance,

801
00:46:24,560 --> 00:46:27,360
Speaker 1: in Minnesota, you can only use blue lights on a

802
00:46:27,480 --> 00:46:31,440
Speaker 1: vehicle if it's a snowplow or road maintenance UH set up.

803
00:46:32,120 --> 00:46:36,839
Speaker 1: But in Illinois h all the medical or fire emergency

804
00:46:36,960 --> 00:46:40,719
Speaker 1: vehicles have to use blue UH. So these things go

805
00:46:41,040 --> 00:46:44,000
Speaker 1: state by state, and the rules for one ambulance may

806
00:46:44,000 --> 00:46:46,799
Speaker 1: not apply in the next state over. So if I

807
00:46:46,800 --> 00:46:49,439
Speaker 1: see flashing lights as I go state by state, I

808
00:46:49,440 --> 00:46:53,080
Speaker 1: I won't necessarily be able to say with any authority, oh,

809
00:46:53,239 --> 00:46:57,319
Speaker 1: that's got to be a blank because the regulations in

810
00:46:57,360 --> 00:47:00,279
Speaker 1: that state could be different, where the light color could

811
00:47:00,360 --> 00:47:03,960
Speaker 1: mean completely and it's a snowplow, which I would already

812
00:47:04,080 --> 00:47:07,759
Speaker 1: be confused because we don't have those here in Atlanta.

813
00:47:08,280 --> 00:47:11,040
Speaker 1: On we have three, Yeah, we do have three. Three

814
00:47:11,080 --> 00:47:12,880
Speaker 1: do we buy a new one yet? I think we

815
00:47:13,040 --> 00:47:15,520
Speaker 1: really just have to. I think we really do only

816
00:47:15,560 --> 00:47:19,200
Speaker 1: have to. But we have several several salt trucks though.

817
00:47:19,320 --> 00:47:22,520
Speaker 1: Oh good bully for us. So part of the reason

818
00:47:22,680 --> 00:47:25,600
Speaker 1: you guys are probably asking yourselves, Jonathan ben if it's

819
00:47:25,640 --> 00:47:30,120
Speaker 1: been so long, why isn't there a better uniform rule

820
00:47:30,200 --> 00:47:33,800
Speaker 1: for ambulances. Well, part of the problem is, Uh, there's

821
00:47:34,360 --> 00:47:37,480
Speaker 1: there's a scientific debate going on. People are trying to

822
00:47:37,520 --> 00:47:40,520
Speaker 1: figure out how to hit the balance of the right color,

823
00:47:40,719 --> 00:47:44,480
Speaker 1: sound and frequency of siren uh, such that they can

824
00:47:44,520 --> 00:47:49,680
Speaker 1: alert drivers without distracting them and causing more accidents. Right. Yeah,

825
00:47:49,800 --> 00:47:52,520
Speaker 1: One thing you don't want to do when you are

826
00:47:52,560 --> 00:47:59,240
Speaker 1: designing your emergency medical response strategy is to create more

827
00:47:59,280 --> 00:48:02,560
Speaker 1: emergency right, to have some kind of clason that just

828
00:48:03,040 --> 00:48:06,880
Speaker 1: makes people's teeth vibrate and feel if the jelly in

829
00:48:06,880 --> 00:48:12,040
Speaker 1: your eyes starts to solidify, then that's clearly not what

830
00:48:12,200 --> 00:48:15,920
Speaker 1: you wanted in your emergency response vehicle. And so until

831
00:48:16,080 --> 00:48:21,200
Speaker 1: there's more uh, until there's a larger body of research

832
00:48:21,280 --> 00:48:25,200
Speaker 1: behind this, people are very very hesitant to try to

833
00:48:25,239 --> 00:48:28,920
Speaker 1: translate good intentions into policy. Um. And you know there

834
00:48:28,920 --> 00:48:32,120
Speaker 1: are researchers who are working at this, like Michael Flanagan

835
00:48:32,160 --> 00:48:35,960
Speaker 1: at the University of Michigan but are at their Transportation

836
00:48:36,040 --> 00:48:40,759
Speaker 1: Research Institute. Excuse me, Dr Flanagan. And uh, what we're

837
00:48:40,800 --> 00:48:45,399
Speaker 1: hoping for is that and some point, the sooner the better,

838
00:48:45,760 --> 00:48:48,200
Speaker 1: there will be some kind of uniform code. But also

839
00:48:48,280 --> 00:48:51,600
Speaker 1: at this point kind of roped into it because so

840
00:48:51,640 --> 00:48:56,400
Speaker 1: many states and so many private and publicly owned ambulance

841
00:48:56,440 --> 00:49:00,600
Speaker 1: companies have already invested so much money in They have

842
00:49:00,640 --> 00:49:02,880
Speaker 1: a they have a fleet of vehicles that are already

843
00:49:02,880 --> 00:49:05,640
Speaker 1: designed as you would have to retrofit all these vehicles.

844
00:49:05,680 --> 00:49:09,799
Speaker 1: Not that that wouldn't be a worthwhile endeavor, but that

845
00:49:09,920 --> 00:49:13,080
Speaker 1: costs money. And you know that when you get down

846
00:49:13,120 --> 00:49:16,680
Speaker 1: to it, when we talk about businesses that provide ambulance service,

847
00:49:17,400 --> 00:49:20,239
Speaker 1: it's a business. We'll get into that in a little bit.

848
00:49:20,640 --> 00:49:23,640
Speaker 1: So let's talk a little bit about what happens when

849
00:49:23,760 --> 00:49:26,640
Speaker 1: someone does call for an ambulance, Like what's the process?

850
00:49:27,080 --> 00:49:29,200
Speaker 1: And we're gonna go through the whole nine one one

851
00:49:29,280 --> 00:49:32,400
Speaker 1: route because that's a very very common one here. Um,

852
00:49:32,440 --> 00:49:35,000
Speaker 1: If it's If you're in the UK, it's O one one.

853
00:49:37,440 --> 00:49:41,080
Speaker 1: Remember that episode the I T crowd Um, but nine

854
00:49:41,120 --> 00:49:42,920
Speaker 1: one one, So if you were to dial nine one

855
00:49:42,920 --> 00:49:45,640
Speaker 1: one or I believe in the UK. The way it

856
00:49:45,640 --> 00:49:50,040
Speaker 1: works is operators will dispatch an ambulance according to zones.

857
00:49:50,280 --> 00:49:56,440
Speaker 1: So wherever you are, you know you've called in the ambulance. Uh,

858
00:49:56,480 --> 00:49:58,279
Speaker 1: they will look at the zone that you are in,

859
00:49:58,520 --> 00:50:01,279
Speaker 1: it will correspond to whatever you know address you gave,

860
00:50:01,840 --> 00:50:04,759
Speaker 1: and then they will look at the ambulances that are

861
00:50:04,800 --> 00:50:07,680
Speaker 1: available in that zone. There there are companies that are

862
00:50:07,719 --> 00:50:13,040
Speaker 1: responsible for specific zones within a region. Yeah. Yeah, So

863
00:50:13,080 --> 00:50:16,720
Speaker 1: you've got an ambulance team that is employed at least

864
00:50:16,719 --> 00:50:20,400
Speaker 1: in part by some company. Uh. The the company runs

865
00:50:20,400 --> 00:50:24,839
Speaker 1: the ambulance fleet, and they are responsible for a given

866
00:50:24,960 --> 00:50:28,799
Speaker 1: area within a region, and they get that call, then

867
00:50:28,840 --> 00:50:32,240
Speaker 1: the ambulance team itself typically includes in the United States

868
00:50:32,239 --> 00:50:36,319
Speaker 1: at least one paramedic and one emergency medical technician or

869
00:50:36,320 --> 00:50:39,560
Speaker 1: e m T. Now I say this, but keep in

870
00:50:39,600 --> 00:50:43,160
Speaker 1: mind that these terms aren't universal. That it's not like

871
00:50:43,200 --> 00:50:45,799
Speaker 1: there's a definition of what one is and and that

872
00:50:46,040 --> 00:50:49,560
Speaker 1: applies across the entire world. In the United States, there's

873
00:50:49,600 --> 00:50:52,760
Speaker 1: actually two different levels of e m T. There's basic

874
00:50:52,840 --> 00:50:56,160
Speaker 1: and intermediate, and then you have paramedic. Uh and you

875
00:50:56,239 --> 00:50:58,680
Speaker 1: might be confused. You might wonder what's the difference between

876
00:50:58,680 --> 00:51:02,120
Speaker 1: the two. I I certainly us I'm not well versed

877
00:51:02,160 --> 00:51:05,560
Speaker 1: in this, so I s Yeah, so I'm emergency medical

878
00:51:05,560 --> 00:51:08,960
Speaker 1: technician paramedic. You might not even know just on hearing

879
00:51:09,000 --> 00:51:11,279
Speaker 1: those two, if you aren't in the medical field, you

880
00:51:11,320 --> 00:51:14,120
Speaker 1: might not know which of those two is allowed to

881
00:51:14,160 --> 00:51:19,160
Speaker 1: do more extensive medical procedures. Uh. So the answer to

882
00:51:19,200 --> 00:51:22,240
Speaker 1: that is the paramedics. Paramedics have to complete between twelve

883
00:51:22,280 --> 00:51:26,360
Speaker 1: hundred and eighteen hundred hours of training compared to e

884
00:51:26,480 --> 00:51:32,160
Speaker 1: m t s who have to do around a hundred. Yeah. Well,

885
00:51:32,360 --> 00:51:35,600
Speaker 1: and it's because again the nature of the work that

886
00:51:35,719 --> 00:51:39,040
Speaker 1: each person can do on a patient. But you I

887
00:51:39,120 --> 00:51:42,760
Speaker 1: need to stress both of these both of these types

888
00:51:42,800 --> 00:51:48,239
Speaker 1: of careers require attendance to lectures, hands on training. I mean,

889
00:51:48,640 --> 00:51:51,719
Speaker 1: I don't I do not wish at all to disparage

890
00:51:51,760 --> 00:51:54,080
Speaker 1: e m t s because they do amazing work and

891
00:51:54,640 --> 00:51:56,200
Speaker 1: they have to go through a lot of training in

892
00:51:56,320 --> 00:51:58,960
Speaker 1: order to do it. So, in fact, e mt s

893
00:51:59,000 --> 00:52:01,800
Speaker 1: have to have to be to demonstrate life saving skills

894
00:52:01,800 --> 00:52:07,120
Speaker 1: including CPR, administering oxygen, administering glucose for diabetics. Uh. They

895
00:52:07,160 --> 00:52:10,320
Speaker 1: are not, though in general, at least allowed to provide

896
00:52:10,320 --> 00:52:13,720
Speaker 1: treatments that break the skin, so no needles are allowed,

897
00:52:13,800 --> 00:52:17,520
Speaker 1: with a couple of exceptions, things like severe asthma attacks

898
00:52:17,760 --> 00:52:22,080
Speaker 1: or an allergic reaction. Those can be allowed. Because I

899
00:52:22,239 --> 00:52:26,799
Speaker 1: have severe allergies. It gets to a point where I

900
00:52:26,880 --> 00:52:29,840
Speaker 1: cannot swallow a pill, right, so I have to have

901
00:52:29,880 --> 00:52:33,239
Speaker 1: an injection. I am personally thankful that that is an

902
00:52:33,239 --> 00:52:36,320
Speaker 1: exception to that rule. We're gonna take another quick break,

903
00:52:36,480 --> 00:52:48,400
Speaker 1: but we will be back in just a moment. So

904
00:52:48,480 --> 00:52:52,000
Speaker 1: what do paramedics do that? So they're advanced emergency medical

905
00:52:52,040 --> 00:52:54,600
Speaker 1: care providers. They build on those e m T skills

906
00:52:54,600 --> 00:52:57,680
Speaker 1: with even more skills and more tasks that they can do,

907
00:52:57,760 --> 00:53:01,080
Speaker 1: such as administering medicine or star an IV line in

908
00:53:01,120 --> 00:53:04,080
Speaker 1: the back of an ambulance. So they're allowed to use needles.

909
00:53:04,480 --> 00:53:07,880
Speaker 1: They are trained in that, they're allowed to administer medication

910
00:53:07,960 --> 00:53:10,759
Speaker 1: to a patient. Usually the medications We'll talk about all

911
00:53:10,800 --> 00:53:12,319
Speaker 1: the equipment on there, but I might as well mention

912
00:53:12,360 --> 00:53:16,320
Speaker 1: it here. Medications that are usually included in an ambulance

913
00:53:16,360 --> 00:53:19,440
Speaker 1: are the ones needed for those emergency responses. It's the

914
00:53:19,480 --> 00:53:21,719
Speaker 1: most common type of medications that are needed for that

915
00:53:21,719 --> 00:53:24,480
Speaker 1: sort of thing. Epinephrin would be a big one, for example.

916
00:53:25,120 --> 00:53:27,799
Speaker 1: Um but uh, and you know you have to be

917
00:53:27,840 --> 00:53:32,280
Speaker 1: really careful obviously, because sometimes those medications include things like narcotics.

918
00:53:32,360 --> 00:53:38,799
Speaker 1: So uh, ambulance teams are are responsible for the inventory

919
00:53:38,880 --> 00:53:42,480
Speaker 1: inside their vehicles, which means that if you find out

920
00:53:42,520 --> 00:53:45,800
Speaker 1: that you have a shortage of narcotics in your vehicle,

921
00:53:46,280 --> 00:53:48,880
Speaker 1: you have some serious explaining to do. I mean, they

922
00:53:48,920 --> 00:53:52,000
Speaker 1: have a huge amount of accountability in that department. Yeah,

923
00:53:52,040 --> 00:53:56,000
Speaker 1: absolutely understandably. So how speaking of accountability, how long does

924
00:53:56,000 --> 00:53:58,480
Speaker 1: it take them to respond to a call? Okay, well

925
00:53:58,520 --> 00:54:01,160
Speaker 1: that's that's a great question. Again at various region by region,

926
00:54:01,239 --> 00:54:04,160
Speaker 1: I thought I would pick one of the most famously

927
00:54:04,360 --> 00:54:09,359
Speaker 1: congested areas in the United States, the city known for

928
00:54:09,440 --> 00:54:14,240
Speaker 1: the worst traffic in the US, Los Angeles. Los Angeles,

929
00:54:14,320 --> 00:54:16,880
Speaker 1: I believe takes number one. If if not, it's at

930
00:54:16,920 --> 00:54:20,120
Speaker 1: least culturally referred to as the worst traffic in the U. S.

931
00:54:20,160 --> 00:54:23,560
Speaker 1: Atlanta is pretty bad, but l A is worse. Uh

932
00:54:23,640 --> 00:54:26,279
Speaker 1: So Los Angeles an ambulance is supposed to be able

933
00:54:26,320 --> 00:54:29,399
Speaker 1: to get to a patient within eight minutes fifty nine

934
00:54:29,480 --> 00:54:32,680
Speaker 1: seconds of receiving the call from the nine one one dispatcher.

935
00:54:33,200 --> 00:54:36,600
Speaker 1: So just a hair under nine minutes, that's how long

936
00:54:36,640 --> 00:54:40,000
Speaker 1: they have to get to the the person. Yeah, it's

937
00:54:40,040 --> 00:54:43,760
Speaker 1: it's pretty pretty fast, considering again that this is a major,

938
00:54:43,840 --> 00:54:46,600
Speaker 1: sprawling city. Now granted again, that's why they divide them

939
00:54:46,640 --> 00:54:49,120
Speaker 1: up into zones, right, because if you just had the

940
00:54:49,320 --> 00:54:53,000
Speaker 1: entire city as the place where you worked, then you

941
00:54:53,080 --> 00:54:55,799
Speaker 1: might take an hour to get to somebody, and that's

942
00:54:55,800 --> 00:54:59,880
Speaker 1: not acceptable, and they may not always be going to

943
00:55:00,000 --> 00:55:02,680
Speaker 1: the closest hospital, right. Yeah. If you've ever seen an

944
00:55:02,719 --> 00:55:06,480
Speaker 1: ambulance that has its sirens on, its lights on, or

945
00:55:06,520 --> 00:55:08,960
Speaker 1: maybe maybe it doesn't, but you just see them driving

946
00:55:08,960 --> 00:55:12,040
Speaker 1: with purpose, like it's clear they're they're making their way someplace,

947
00:55:13,000 --> 00:55:16,359
Speaker 1: and they're driving past a hospital, you might ask yourself, well,

948
00:55:16,400 --> 00:55:19,560
Speaker 1: why aren't they going into that hospital? And it's because

949
00:55:19,680 --> 00:55:23,800
Speaker 1: the team has to weigh the patients, uh, the nature

950
00:55:23,800 --> 00:55:28,840
Speaker 1: of the patient's problem with the various locations that are nearby,

951
00:55:28,880 --> 00:55:31,239
Speaker 1: So they may not go to the closest hospital if

952
00:55:31,239 --> 00:55:34,440
Speaker 1: that hospital is not well equipped to handle certain kinds

953
00:55:34,440 --> 00:55:37,560
Speaker 1: of medical emergencies. So, for example, if there's a hospital

954
00:55:37,640 --> 00:55:43,440
Speaker 1: that has a really good cardiac arrest response team and

955
00:55:43,520 --> 00:55:46,520
Speaker 1: it's a little further away than the hospital it's closer

956
00:55:46,560 --> 00:55:50,400
Speaker 1: in but doesn't really have that that equipment, Yeah, then

957
00:55:50,520 --> 00:55:53,720
Speaker 1: the ambulance can go to that other hospital. By the way,

958
00:55:54,040 --> 00:55:57,279
Speaker 1: you can ask the ambulance drivers to take you to

959
00:55:57,320 --> 00:55:59,960
Speaker 1: a specific hospital if you want to. You can say

960
00:56:00,520 --> 00:56:03,399
Speaker 1: I want to go to this particular hospital. You can

961
00:56:03,440 --> 00:56:07,080
Speaker 1: do that. However, that ambulance team may or may not

962
00:56:07,239 --> 00:56:10,640
Speaker 1: fulfill your request. It will depend on how far away

963
00:56:10,760 --> 00:56:13,440
Speaker 1: that hospital is. That if that hospital is way outside

964
00:56:13,440 --> 00:56:16,759
Speaker 1: the ambulance team's zone, then they say, listen, we're gonna

965
00:56:16,760 --> 00:56:18,719
Speaker 1: have to take you to this other place. It's closer.

966
00:56:19,239 --> 00:56:22,239
Speaker 1: They are well equipped to deal with your your emergency

967
00:56:22,400 --> 00:56:26,120
Speaker 1: and uh and we just we can't go that far

968
00:56:26,360 --> 00:56:28,520
Speaker 1: to take you to this other place. Right, And a

969
00:56:28,520 --> 00:56:32,120
Speaker 1: lot of our more cynical listeners might be saying, well, yeah,

970
00:56:32,200 --> 00:56:34,760
Speaker 1: of course they're gonna take in the farthest hospital away

971
00:56:34,760 --> 00:56:36,960
Speaker 1: so they can rack up the bill. But that's not

972
00:56:37,320 --> 00:56:40,319
Speaker 1: that's not how they don't run a meter. They're not

973
00:56:40,640 --> 00:56:45,520
Speaker 1: it's not an uber or yeah. So, but but your

974
00:56:45,560 --> 00:56:48,000
Speaker 1: trips can cost a pretty penny. I mean like they

975
00:56:48,040 --> 00:56:51,560
Speaker 1: can rape. They can go up way above a thousand

976
00:56:51,600 --> 00:56:57,719
Speaker 1: dollars for a single trip. Hundreds not unusual now. Typically

977
00:56:58,080 --> 00:57:01,480
Speaker 1: insurance will end up paying for ambulance services, depending as

978
00:57:01,520 --> 00:57:04,840
Speaker 1: long as the the the hit is uh determined that

979
00:57:04,920 --> 00:57:09,239
Speaker 1: it was merited. Right, if you stub your toe and

980
00:57:09,320 --> 00:57:12,239
Speaker 1: you call an ambulance and you ride in the ambulance

981
00:57:12,480 --> 00:57:15,400
Speaker 1: and they say, yeah, you stubbed your toe, you know

982
00:57:15,480 --> 00:57:17,960
Speaker 1: in a day, it's gonna feel better. You can bet

983
00:57:18,000 --> 00:57:20,960
Speaker 1: that insurance is not going to cover that particular expense,

984
00:57:21,160 --> 00:57:24,120
Speaker 1: right because it wasn't life threatening. Here's okay, here's the thing.

985
00:57:24,160 --> 00:57:26,600
Speaker 1: Let's do this instead of a stubb stub toe situation,

986
00:57:26,640 --> 00:57:29,960
Speaker 1: Let's go hypothetical. Alright, don't don't really, I won't really

987
00:57:30,000 --> 00:57:32,840
Speaker 1: hit you. So, Jonathan, here's what happened. You were at

988
00:57:32,920 --> 00:57:37,360
Speaker 1: work and uh, someone I won't name a Coword or

989
00:57:37,440 --> 00:57:41,240
Speaker 1: Josh Clark. Okay, So Josh had convinced been become convinced

990
00:57:41,240 --> 00:57:44,080
Speaker 1: that our office was haunted and he invited a ghost hunter.

991
00:57:44,280 --> 00:57:48,960
Speaker 1: This is like last week, and after you got so irritated,

992
00:57:49,200 --> 00:57:51,560
Speaker 1: got because the ghost hunter is actually in our office

993
00:57:52,080 --> 00:57:54,320
Speaker 1: and the fact that the ghost hunter one exists and

994
00:57:54,440 --> 00:57:59,800
Speaker 1: two is in my friend field of vision unto our right.

995
00:58:00,240 --> 00:58:04,560
Speaker 1: And so you get so infuriated that you uh that

996
00:58:04,720 --> 00:58:08,160
Speaker 1: you kick like a baseboard, all right, and so you've

997
00:58:08,200 --> 00:58:11,560
Speaker 1: got a broken foot, but it's like seriously broken. They

998
00:58:11,600 --> 00:58:13,880
Speaker 1: haul you call nine one one. Let's say they're in

999
00:58:13,920 --> 00:58:17,880
Speaker 1: there in like five minutes. We're rushing you downstairs. You're

1000
00:58:17,880 --> 00:58:21,200
Speaker 1: still cursing at the ghost hunter, and they hop you

1001
00:58:21,280 --> 00:58:24,080
Speaker 1: onto the ambulance. What do you see when you get inside?

1002
00:58:24,120 --> 00:58:28,440
Speaker 1: What's the gear? Okay, I like that. That was the

1003
00:58:29,440 --> 00:58:33,040
Speaker 1: That's awesome. Okay, well, I'm glad you asked Ben. All right,

1004
00:58:33,080 --> 00:58:35,880
Speaker 1: So your typical ambulance has a gurney in it. That's

1005
00:58:35,960 --> 00:58:38,720
Speaker 1: the that's the cot that's usually on wheels that they

1006
00:58:38,840 --> 00:58:40,880
Speaker 1: with the legs that extend out. So when you pull

1007
00:58:40,920 --> 00:58:42,920
Speaker 1: the gurney out from the back of the ambulance, the

1008
00:58:43,000 --> 00:58:46,080
Speaker 1: legs extend. You can then wheel the gurney to the patient,

1009
00:58:46,160 --> 00:58:48,320
Speaker 1: put the patient on, and then when you wheel it

1010
00:58:48,360 --> 00:58:51,280
Speaker 1: back in, they'll you can let the legs contract and

1011
00:58:51,320 --> 00:58:54,160
Speaker 1: push the gurney back into it's lays flat or flat

1012
00:58:54,240 --> 00:58:57,760
Speaker 1: ish against the floor of the ambulance compartment. Yeah, that's great,

1013
00:58:57,920 --> 00:59:02,080
Speaker 1: the paramo. I think we'll get in the back of

1014
00:59:02,120 --> 00:59:05,600
Speaker 1: the ambulance with you. There is actually a bench usually

1015
00:59:05,600 --> 00:59:10,160
Speaker 1: in most of these van ambulances where typically uh they're

1016
00:59:10,240 --> 00:59:12,760
Speaker 1: used if you ever have to transport to people at

1017
00:59:12,760 --> 00:59:15,960
Speaker 1: the same time, although most ambulance crews will do their

1018
00:59:15,960 --> 00:59:19,400
Speaker 1: best to avoid that because it divides the attention of

1019
00:59:19,440 --> 00:59:22,840
Speaker 1: the medical personnel really and they can't guarantee that each

1020
00:59:22,840 --> 00:59:26,040
Speaker 1: person is going to get the best response. So normally

1021
00:59:26,040 --> 00:59:28,640
Speaker 1: you want to send as many ambulances as you have

1022
00:59:28,800 --> 00:59:31,320
Speaker 1: people who who need them, which is why you'll see

1023
00:59:31,400 --> 00:59:35,480
Speaker 1: multiple ambulances on a scene. Yeah. Now, occasionally that you

1024
00:59:35,480 --> 00:59:38,440
Speaker 1: know what is ideal and what is real don't match up,

1025
00:59:38,480 --> 00:59:41,360
Speaker 1: and you have to transport to people at the same time,

1026
00:59:41,440 --> 00:59:44,160
Speaker 1: and that's why there's a bench in there as well. Uh.

1027
00:59:44,240 --> 00:59:47,560
Speaker 1: You will also start seeing lots of equipment, some of

1028
00:59:47,560 --> 00:59:50,120
Speaker 1: it you might not see because it's stowed away. Ambulances

1029
00:59:50,160 --> 00:59:51,680
Speaker 1: are kind of like I think of it like the

1030
00:59:51,720 --> 00:59:55,760
Speaker 1: International Space Station, right. You have you have very limited

1031
00:59:55,800 --> 00:59:59,120
Speaker 1: space and you want to carry as much life saving

1032
00:59:59,160 --> 01:00:01,480
Speaker 1: equipment as you lee can, stuff that you might need

1033
01:00:01,840 --> 01:00:06,080
Speaker 1: in any given medical emergency, and there are tons of

1034
01:00:06,120 --> 01:00:09,280
Speaker 1: different medical emergencies, so you've got a lot of different

1035
01:00:09,320 --> 01:00:11,640
Speaker 1: potential stuff to carry with you. It's kind of like

1036
01:00:11,680 --> 01:00:13,919
Speaker 1: playing Dungeons and Dragons. You're like, I want to have

1037
01:00:14,640 --> 01:00:18,520
Speaker 1: every possible thing that my character might need on any

1038
01:00:18,560 --> 01:00:21,520
Speaker 1: given adventure, and then you're told yes, but you have

1039
01:00:21,760 --> 01:00:24,680
Speaker 1: to worry about weight and incumbrance, and you think, why

1040
01:00:24,880 --> 01:00:27,600
Speaker 1: can I just have a magical bag of holding thing

1041
01:00:27,800 --> 01:00:31,439
Speaker 1: that makes everything. Ambulances don't have a bag of holding,

1042
01:00:31,520 --> 01:00:33,960
Speaker 1: so you have to put all that stuff someplace. So

1043
01:00:34,400 --> 01:00:38,320
Speaker 1: pretty much every square inch of that interior is holding

1044
01:00:38,360 --> 01:00:42,480
Speaker 1: some equipment or or equipment is hanging off of a hook.

1045
01:00:42,680 --> 01:00:45,440
Speaker 1: It all depends on what we're talking about, but that

1046
01:00:45,520 --> 01:00:48,720
Speaker 1: equipment is pretty much what you would find in a

1047
01:00:48,840 --> 01:00:52,440
Speaker 1: standard emergency room, with a couple of exceptions. There's no

1048
01:00:52,640 --> 01:00:57,920
Speaker 1: X ray machine doesn't really fit, you know, making everyone

1049
01:00:57,960 --> 01:01:03,000
Speaker 1: put on lead, driving down on um. There's also no lab,

1050
01:01:03,240 --> 01:01:06,080
Speaker 1: so they can't run any tests or anything. They can

1051
01:01:06,200 --> 01:01:11,080
Speaker 1: just respond to two things that are are apparent. Okay, Yeah,

1052
01:01:11,120 --> 01:01:13,840
Speaker 1: so then that would be stuff that will that will

1053
01:01:13,920 --> 01:01:17,160
Speaker 1: just give you a quick quick look at what you

1054
01:01:17,200 --> 01:01:19,600
Speaker 1: need to do immediately to the patient. Yeah. So it's

1055
01:01:19,680 --> 01:01:22,280
Speaker 1: again you're trying to stabilize the patient as much as

1056
01:01:22,320 --> 01:01:24,960
Speaker 1: possible so that you can get the patient to hospital

1057
01:01:25,000 --> 01:01:28,160
Speaker 1: care where a more detailed analysis can take place. So

1058
01:01:28,200 --> 01:01:30,240
Speaker 1: if we're talking in the case of illness as opposed

1059
01:01:30,240 --> 01:01:33,760
Speaker 1: to a broken foot, then that would mean they would

1060
01:01:33,760 --> 01:01:37,680
Speaker 1: treat any symptoms that were life threatening, but otherwise not

1061
01:01:37,800 --> 01:01:40,400
Speaker 1: really mess with the patient too much because they can't

1062
01:01:40,480 --> 01:01:43,640
Speaker 1: they can't determine exactly what's wrong, right, and it's kind

1063
01:01:43,640 --> 01:01:46,360
Speaker 1: of pointless at this stage in technology to have a

1064
01:01:46,440 --> 01:01:49,760
Speaker 1: lab on a on a vehicle like this, because labs

1065
01:01:49,800 --> 01:01:52,320
Speaker 1: wouldn't work quickly enough. No, you you would get to

1066
01:01:52,320 --> 01:01:55,120
Speaker 1: the hospital faster than you would receive any unless you're

1067
01:01:55,120 --> 01:01:58,400
Speaker 1: just like tooling around town, which seems like a pretty

1068
01:01:58,440 --> 01:02:02,680
Speaker 1: you know, inappropriate use of resources to me. So stuff.

1069
01:02:02,720 --> 01:02:06,280
Speaker 1: They do have diagnostic equipment like blood pressure cuffs, you know,

1070
01:02:06,400 --> 01:02:09,600
Speaker 1: things that being able to take a patient's vitals quickly

1071
01:02:09,760 --> 01:02:12,680
Speaker 1: are that's important, so stethoscope, that sort of stuff. They

1072
01:02:12,680 --> 01:02:15,320
Speaker 1: also have monitoring equipment like a cardiac monitor to track

1073
01:02:15,360 --> 01:02:19,160
Speaker 1: a patient's heartbeat, clearly important, especially if the patient has

1074
01:02:19,320 --> 01:02:23,120
Speaker 1: um suffered a heart attack, cardiac arrest, or something like that. Uh,

1075
01:02:23,160 --> 01:02:25,360
Speaker 1: they have response equipment so this is the stuff that

1076
01:02:25,400 --> 01:02:29,520
Speaker 1: they use to respond to emergency situations. So if you

1077
01:02:29,600 --> 01:02:31,600
Speaker 1: were to go into cardiac arrest, they have a defiber

1078
01:02:31,720 --> 01:02:34,520
Speaker 1: later so they can do the whole clear you know,

1079
01:02:34,560 --> 01:02:37,320
Speaker 1: you've seen it a billion times in movies to try

1080
01:02:37,480 --> 01:02:41,520
Speaker 1: and zap your heart back into into action. They also

1081
01:02:41,560 --> 01:02:44,760
Speaker 1: have bandages and gauze for treating wounds. Uh. They have

1082
01:02:45,000 --> 01:02:47,840
Speaker 1: you know, like the stretcher board, the solid stretcher board

1083
01:02:47,880 --> 01:02:49,720
Speaker 1: you price seeing these These are those are meant to

1084
01:02:49,800 --> 01:02:53,040
Speaker 1: immobilize a patient. So if a patient has suffered like

1085
01:02:53,080 --> 01:02:56,560
Speaker 1: a back injury or a broken limb that needs to

1086
01:02:56,600 --> 01:02:59,560
Speaker 1: be immobilized, they can use that. They also have splints,

1087
01:03:00,000 --> 01:03:03,040
Speaker 1: including inflatable splints a lot of times where because they

1088
01:03:03,200 --> 01:03:05,800
Speaker 1: don't take up a lot of space when they're not inflated, right,

1089
01:03:05,840 --> 01:03:07,760
Speaker 1: So then you put them around the wound. You you

1090
01:03:07,840 --> 01:03:13,320
Speaker 1: inflate them and they they they stabilize the limb so

1091
01:03:13,360 --> 01:03:17,320
Speaker 1: that you're not able to uh further injury yourself. Um.

1092
01:03:17,360 --> 01:03:21,440
Speaker 1: That includes neck injuries, lem injuries, that kind of thing. Uh.

1093
01:03:22,120 --> 01:03:26,080
Speaker 1: And then they also have airway equipment specifically to help

1094
01:03:26,160 --> 01:03:29,520
Speaker 1: patients who are having trouble breathing or perhaps are are

1095
01:03:29,600 --> 01:03:34,160
Speaker 1: simply having respiratory distress, like someone who maybe was in

1096
01:03:34,240 --> 01:03:37,360
Speaker 1: a building that caught fire. They didn't suffer any burns,

1097
01:03:37,360 --> 01:03:39,960
Speaker 1: but they may have suffered smoke inhalation. You know, this

1098
01:03:40,000 --> 01:03:42,720
Speaker 1: would be something used for them. So these are usually

1099
01:03:42,720 --> 01:03:46,000
Speaker 1: tools that either help a patient breathe or will breathe

1100
01:03:46,080 --> 01:03:50,160
Speaker 1: for a patient. Uh includes oxygen tanks, so those will

1101
01:03:50,200 --> 01:03:52,920
Speaker 1: be in the back of an ambulance as well. Probably

1102
01:03:52,920 --> 01:03:56,480
Speaker 1: won't be needed for my broken foot. I think if

1103
01:03:56,480 --> 01:03:59,880
Speaker 1: they were too, they were to administer oxygen. Things have

1104
01:04:00,040 --> 01:04:02,400
Speaker 1: on well beyond the broken foot problem. You probably also

1105
01:04:02,440 --> 01:04:06,320
Speaker 1: won't need this next thing, not the OBI kuit. No, No,

1106
01:04:06,680 --> 01:04:10,240
Speaker 1: unless my broken foot has broken the rules of of

1107
01:04:10,560 --> 01:04:15,240
Speaker 1: God and man where suddenly I've become incredibly pregnant. No,

1108
01:04:15,360 --> 01:04:20,120
Speaker 1: the OBI kit is for for ambulance teams that have

1109
01:04:20,240 --> 01:04:23,600
Speaker 1: to do an emergency delivery. And by emergency delivery, I'm

1110
01:04:23,600 --> 01:04:27,800
Speaker 1: talking about a person. So so let's say that an ambulance,

1111
01:04:27,800 --> 01:04:30,920
Speaker 1: you know, an expectant mother calls an ambulance because her

1112
01:04:31,680 --> 01:04:33,440
Speaker 1: she has no one to take her to the hospital,

1113
01:04:33,520 --> 01:04:37,040
Speaker 1: she can't take herself, was born early, or there's some

1114
01:04:37,120 --> 01:04:40,600
Speaker 1: kind of weird pain. Yeah, she's she's going into labor

1115
01:04:40,640 --> 01:04:46,120
Speaker 1: unexpectedly whatever, whatever the reason. Ambulance CRUs carry ob kits,

1116
01:04:46,720 --> 01:04:50,680
Speaker 1: and that contains all the supplies that an ambulance uh

1117
01:04:50,800 --> 01:04:52,920
Speaker 1: like a paramedic would need in order to deliver a

1118
01:04:52,920 --> 01:04:55,120
Speaker 1: baby on the move if the baby has decided that

1119
01:04:55,120 --> 01:04:58,240
Speaker 1: the baby is not gonna wait. And so it involves

1120
01:04:58,560 --> 01:05:04,440
Speaker 1: things like latex gloves, as umbilical clamps, scalpel uh towels

1121
01:05:04,480 --> 01:05:06,120
Speaker 1: like all the sort of stuff is in your typical

1122
01:05:06,200 --> 01:05:09,000
Speaker 1: obi quit actually looked this up online. I was looking

1123
01:05:09,040 --> 01:05:13,240
Speaker 1: at a company that sells the equipment to ambulances and

1124
01:05:13,360 --> 01:05:17,080
Speaker 1: I looked I was like, huh obi kit inquired, like,

1125
01:05:17,160 --> 01:05:19,160
Speaker 1: I'm curious to find out what's in this. That's how

1126
01:05:19,200 --> 01:05:22,200
Speaker 1: I know, because this is in a world that is

1127
01:05:22,240 --> 01:05:24,720
Speaker 1: far removed for me. The eagle scout me wants to

1128
01:05:24,760 --> 01:05:26,800
Speaker 1: buy one and just have it in my car, But

1129
01:05:26,920 --> 01:05:29,960
Speaker 1: I know I will totally just lose my marbles if

1130
01:05:29,960 --> 01:05:31,880
Speaker 1: I'm ever in that situation, which is I would just

1131
01:05:32,040 --> 01:05:33,920
Speaker 1: I would give you three days before you get so

1132
01:05:34,000 --> 01:05:36,320
Speaker 1: bored that you start using the umbilical clamps for something

1133
01:05:36,320 --> 01:05:41,800
Speaker 1: incredibly inappropriate attentions. Yeah, but you mentioned medication too, yep,

1134
01:05:41,960 --> 01:05:46,440
Speaker 1: So that includes things like any histamines and f friend uh,

1135
01:05:46,480 --> 01:05:50,480
Speaker 1: anything that could be used for treating life threatening injuries

1136
01:05:50,520 --> 01:05:53,080
Speaker 1: or illnesses. That sort of stuff is going to be there.

1137
01:05:53,360 --> 01:05:56,360
Speaker 1: There's you know, most of these medications are given intravenously.

1138
01:05:56,680 --> 01:05:59,439
Speaker 1: That's why you need a paramedic. Um so you're using

1139
01:05:59,440 --> 01:06:02,520
Speaker 1: an ivy. So there's also I V equipment and needles

1140
01:06:02,520 --> 01:06:05,040
Speaker 1: and things like that on board an ambulance. So they'll

1141
01:06:05,040 --> 01:06:09,600
Speaker 1: be the E M T driving paramedic. And some companies,

1142
01:06:10,280 --> 01:06:13,240
Speaker 1: some companies, it all depends again on the region, not

1143
01:06:13,360 --> 01:06:15,439
Speaker 1: just in the United States, I'm talking about globally here.

1144
01:06:15,840 --> 01:06:21,280
Speaker 1: Some companies have ambulance drivers who are not medically rated

1145
01:06:21,320 --> 01:06:24,560
Speaker 1: at all. They might have a first Aid certificate, but

1146
01:06:24,600 --> 01:06:28,880
Speaker 1: they their purpose is to drive the vehicle. They're yeah uh.

1147
01:06:28,960 --> 01:06:31,680
Speaker 1: And in other places they the person who's behind the

1148
01:06:31,680 --> 01:06:36,200
Speaker 1: wheel is fully qualified to treat emergency medical situations. It

1149
01:06:36,240 --> 01:06:38,400
Speaker 1: all depends upon the area. So how do they talk

1150
01:06:38,400 --> 01:06:41,840
Speaker 1: to each other? Well, they don't shout because that would

1151
01:06:41,840 --> 01:06:45,160
Speaker 1: be disturbing to the patient. They use radio these days,

1152
01:06:45,160 --> 01:06:47,760
Speaker 1: we don't. We no longer have the talking tubes. Sadly,

1153
01:06:48,640 --> 01:06:50,640
Speaker 1: we now use radio. So now we do break or

1154
01:06:50,640 --> 01:06:53,760
Speaker 1: breaker stuff. But yeah, it's a two way radio communication

1155
01:06:53,800 --> 01:06:57,360
Speaker 1: that you can use. Also, that radio can uh usually

1156
01:06:57,360 --> 01:06:59,880
Speaker 1: be used to contact hospitals to let a hospital know

1157
01:07:00,160 --> 01:07:03,240
Speaker 1: the nature of the patient, um, you know, whether there

1158
01:07:03,240 --> 01:07:06,720
Speaker 1: it's an injury or illness or whatever, and they can

1159
01:07:06,760 --> 01:07:09,920
Speaker 1: get more direction from the hospital that way, Like if

1160
01:07:09,920 --> 01:07:12,800
Speaker 1: they get a information from the hospital that the hospital

1161
01:07:12,840 --> 01:07:17,240
Speaker 1: is completely overwhelmed by some other terrible thing that's happened,

1162
01:07:17,320 --> 01:07:20,440
Speaker 1: then the ambulance can reroute and go to a different

1163
01:07:20,440 --> 01:07:23,680
Speaker 1: facility if necessary. So it's a really important tool. In fact,

1164
01:07:23,760 --> 01:07:27,400
Speaker 1: there's some ambulances that have computer systems on board that

1165
01:07:27,560 --> 01:07:30,720
Speaker 1: also do this, where they're tied into an overall network

1166
01:07:30,760 --> 01:07:33,920
Speaker 1: of computers to help keep track of not just what

1167
01:07:34,080 --> 01:07:36,840
Speaker 1: that ambulance is doing, but what other ambulances and hospitals

1168
01:07:36,840 --> 01:07:39,320
Speaker 1: are doing in order to give the best chance for

1169
01:07:39,360 --> 01:07:45,360
Speaker 1: that patient possible. Uh. So that's that's your communication. You also, uh,

1170
01:07:45,560 --> 01:07:47,040
Speaker 1: you want to know how long you might have to

1171
01:07:47,080 --> 01:07:48,880
Speaker 1: do this if you're if you're working in on an

1172
01:07:48,880 --> 01:07:53,280
Speaker 1: ambulance team. Yeah, I'm already pretty intimidated. Le Okay, so

1173
01:07:53,440 --> 01:07:55,680
Speaker 1: I watched a video where they said, yeah, you know,

1174
01:07:55,720 --> 01:07:58,600
Speaker 1: your average ambulance team works anywhere between eight and twenty

1175
01:07:58,600 --> 01:08:01,080
Speaker 1: four hours in a row, and I hope you don't

1176
01:08:01,080 --> 01:08:05,000
Speaker 1: break that hypothetical foot on our Yeah, no joke. Uh.

1177
01:08:05,040 --> 01:08:07,800
Speaker 1: He was also talking about how there are you know,

1178
01:08:07,840 --> 01:08:12,400
Speaker 1: obviously different facilities for ambulances. Some hospitals have uh like

1179
01:08:12,520 --> 01:08:16,439
Speaker 1: essentially a holding area like a garage and uh and

1180
01:08:16,520 --> 01:08:19,120
Speaker 1: there you could get out of your ambulance and and

1181
01:08:19,200 --> 01:08:21,720
Speaker 1: relax as much as you can while on the job

1182
01:08:22,520 --> 01:08:26,000
Speaker 1: before you go on call. But other ambulance teams there

1183
01:08:26,560 --> 01:08:30,120
Speaker 1: their office is their car, their vehicle, they're inside the cab.

1184
01:08:30,920 --> 01:08:34,160
Speaker 1: For the guy who did the video, he did it

1185
01:08:34,200 --> 01:08:36,800
Speaker 1: for twelve hours at a time. That was how long

1186
01:08:36,840 --> 01:08:39,559
Speaker 1: his shift was. So for twelve hours when he wasn't

1187
01:08:39,840 --> 01:08:43,000
Speaker 1: actively helping a patient, he was sitting in the passenger

1188
01:08:43,080 --> 01:08:46,799
Speaker 1: side of an ambulance. I just have everyday such immense

1189
01:08:46,880 --> 01:08:49,439
Speaker 1: respect for people who do that, and we know that

1190
01:08:49,479 --> 01:08:54,040
Speaker 1: this is not the end. Ambulance technology continues as we

1191
01:08:54,080 --> 01:08:57,080
Speaker 1: record this podcast. Yeah, I wish I could tell you

1192
01:08:57,160 --> 01:09:01,120
Speaker 1: that there's a ton of super cool, like groundbreaking tech,

1193
01:09:01,200 --> 01:09:03,800
Speaker 1: but a lot of this is again because we're talking

1194
01:09:03,840 --> 01:09:06,719
Speaker 1: about stuff that has to be proven to be helpful.

1195
01:09:07,200 --> 01:09:11,320
Speaker 1: It's a slow kind of a slow evolution because we

1196
01:09:11,360 --> 01:09:13,680
Speaker 1: need to make sure that they work. You don't want

1197
01:09:13,680 --> 01:09:17,280
Speaker 1: to employ a technology or technique simply because it's new

1198
01:09:17,840 --> 01:09:21,559
Speaker 1: without first knowing that's helpful. Right If we were to

1199
01:09:21,600 --> 01:09:25,479
Speaker 1: do otherwise, than we could potentially negatively impact patients, and

1200
01:09:25,720 --> 01:09:28,240
Speaker 1: that's the last thing you want to do. But some

1201
01:09:28,280 --> 01:09:30,160
Speaker 1: of the things that have been incorporated over the past

1202
01:09:30,200 --> 01:09:35,280
Speaker 1: few years are howler sirens, which are they complement the

1203
01:09:35,360 --> 01:09:38,400
Speaker 1: regular ambulance siren. They don't replace it, but this is

1204
01:09:38,439 --> 01:09:43,439
Speaker 1: a lower frequency sound that penetrates further and is supposed

1205
01:09:43,439 --> 01:09:47,839
Speaker 1: to help alert drivers on the road that an ambulance

1206
01:09:47,920 --> 01:09:51,280
Speaker 1: is approaching. To me, I listened to a few because

1207
01:09:51,320 --> 01:09:53,240
Speaker 1: I was like, I don't know if I've heard this

1208
01:09:53,360 --> 01:09:55,599
Speaker 1: or not, and I have heard it before, but to me,

1209
01:09:55,680 --> 01:09:57,479
Speaker 1: depending on the video, it sounds kind of like the

1210
01:09:57,520 --> 01:10:02,240
Speaker 1: old pac Man eating pellets and won't won't because it

1211
01:10:02,320 --> 01:10:07,280
Speaker 1: is it's essentially that that same undulating frequency, but now

1212
01:10:07,320 --> 01:10:09,719
Speaker 1: it's a lower pitch than the other one, and again

1213
01:10:09,760 --> 01:10:12,720
Speaker 1: it's underneath the regular sirens, so you hear both at

1214
01:10:12,720 --> 01:10:16,400
Speaker 1: the same time. Impression, thank you, Yeah, I've played a

1215
01:10:16,439 --> 01:10:19,639
Speaker 1: lot of pac Man. And also it is low enough

1216
01:10:19,680 --> 01:10:23,519
Speaker 1: frequency where you can actually feel those vibrations. Yeah, So

1217
01:10:23,560 --> 01:10:26,040
Speaker 1: the idea being that even if you don't if you

1218
01:10:26,080 --> 01:10:28,920
Speaker 1: don't actively register it as you know, hearing it, you

1219
01:10:28,960 --> 01:10:30,960
Speaker 1: feel it, and so that alerts you that there's an

1220
01:10:31,000 --> 01:10:34,160
Speaker 1: ambulance coming um And they say that you can feel

1221
01:10:34,200 --> 01:10:36,080
Speaker 1: the pressure from those sound waves if you're within two

1222
01:10:36,479 --> 01:10:39,439
Speaker 1: feet of the ambulance. Some of the ambulances around the

1223
01:10:39,439 --> 01:10:42,600
Speaker 1: world are being fitted with closed circuit television cameras internally

1224
01:10:42,680 --> 01:10:47,120
Speaker 1: and externally. The internal ones are meant partially as protection

1225
01:10:47,280 --> 01:10:52,080
Speaker 1: for ambulance crept because there's there's always the potential that

1226
01:10:52,160 --> 01:10:56,360
Speaker 1: you could be accused of malpractice, and they're meant to

1227
01:10:56,479 --> 01:11:01,120
Speaker 1: help maintain a level of accountability as well as protection

1228
01:11:01,280 --> 01:11:04,840
Speaker 1: or ambulance crews to say, well, we reviewed the footage

1229
01:11:05,280 --> 01:11:07,400
Speaker 1: and they did exactly what they were supposed to do.

1230
01:11:07,479 --> 01:11:09,599
Speaker 1: That kind of thing. Yeah, that's gotta be huge. I'm

1231
01:11:09,640 --> 01:11:13,480
Speaker 1: I'm a I'm an advocate of that kind of monitoring,

1232
01:11:14,280 --> 01:11:16,599
Speaker 1: as creepy as it might sound to some people. If

1233
01:11:16,880 --> 01:11:21,880
Speaker 1: we're talking about firefighters, police officers, e m s. Anybody

1234
01:11:21,920 --> 01:11:25,200
Speaker 1: who's in a situation where they're dealing with the public,

1235
01:11:25,640 --> 01:11:28,320
Speaker 1: then you have to have some kind of way to

1236
01:11:29,200 --> 01:11:33,720
Speaker 1: establish a firm inarguable record. Yeah, exactly. Either know who

1237
01:11:33,720 --> 01:11:36,000
Speaker 1: you're dealing with, you you either have to be able

1238
01:11:36,080 --> 01:11:40,320
Speaker 1: to say, this person who we put into a position

1239
01:11:40,360 --> 01:11:43,400
Speaker 1: of trust violated that trust and therefore we need to

1240
01:11:43,479 --> 01:11:46,439
Speaker 1: react appropriately, or you need to be able to say,

1241
01:11:46,600 --> 01:11:49,479
Speaker 1: the person who we put in this position did exactly

1242
01:11:49,560 --> 01:11:51,479
Speaker 1: what they were supposed to do, and this is what

1243
01:11:51,640 --> 01:11:55,280
Speaker 1: shows us. So another the external ones are meant in

1244
01:11:55,400 --> 01:11:57,680
Speaker 1: order to try and keep an eye on things that

1245
01:11:57,760 --> 01:12:01,599
Speaker 1: might be volatile situations. Let's say that there's a riot

1246
01:12:01,680 --> 01:12:04,479
Speaker 1: going on in a city like here in the United States.

1247
01:12:04,600 --> 01:12:07,880
Speaker 1: We occasionally have them for things as silly as a

1248
01:12:08,040 --> 01:12:11,439
Speaker 1: sports victory, and that may mean that someone ends up

1249
01:12:11,439 --> 01:12:13,320
Speaker 1: being injured in the process and you have to send

1250
01:12:13,320 --> 01:12:15,360
Speaker 1: them out. But you also want to be careful because

1251
01:12:15,400 --> 01:12:22,439
Speaker 1: people are not acting rationally. So yeah, attempted ambulance theft surprise. Yeah, actually,

1252
01:12:22,439 --> 01:12:24,360
Speaker 1: and well, when you remember that there are lots of

1253
01:12:24,360 --> 01:12:28,080
Speaker 1: medications in that ambulance, you could understand there are some

1254
01:12:28,080 --> 01:12:30,639
Speaker 1: some temptations for people to try and steal them. So

1255
01:12:30,680 --> 01:12:33,880
Speaker 1: these externally mounted cameras are meant to be both a

1256
01:12:33,880 --> 01:12:36,920
Speaker 1: deterrent and also just an aid to the people inside

1257
01:12:36,920 --> 01:12:38,519
Speaker 1: the ambulance to keep an eye on how things are

1258
01:12:38,520 --> 01:12:40,800
Speaker 1: going to make sure that they stay safe, not just

1259
01:12:40,840 --> 01:12:44,400
Speaker 1: the patient, but the ambulance uh UM employees as well.

1260
01:12:44,840 --> 01:12:49,439
Speaker 1: Then you have also aboard, we're seeing air filtration systems

1261
01:12:49,479 --> 01:12:52,639
Speaker 1: being installed. This is not necessarily new. Again, in fact,

1262
01:12:52,680 --> 01:12:57,440
Speaker 1: most ambulances have climate control that's separate in the ambulance

1263
01:12:57,760 --> 01:13:00,839
Speaker 1: compartment from the cab, so you have two different climate

1264
01:13:00,840 --> 01:13:03,559
Speaker 1: control systems. And part of that is to make sure

1265
01:13:03,640 --> 01:13:07,040
Speaker 1: that any pathogens that are coming from the patient don't

1266
01:13:07,040 --> 01:13:10,240
Speaker 1: get passed on into the cabin and uh UM you

1267
01:13:10,320 --> 01:13:13,280
Speaker 1: know in fact the person driving the vehicle as well,

1268
01:13:13,360 --> 01:13:16,880
Speaker 1: so it's to try and keep them safe. UM and

1269
01:13:16,960 --> 01:13:19,479
Speaker 1: some also have data recording systems that keep track of

1270
01:13:19,520 --> 01:13:22,680
Speaker 1: the vehicle's speed that's breaking its position. It's kind of

1271
01:13:22,720 --> 01:13:25,639
Speaker 1: like the black box on an airplane. An interesting fact

1272
01:13:25,640 --> 01:13:28,519
Speaker 1: for that, in the United States, the federal government has

1273
01:13:28,520 --> 01:13:31,640
Speaker 1: passed some regulations requiring something like a black box to

1274
01:13:31,720 --> 01:13:36,280
Speaker 1: be in most automobiles. So it's not just an ambulance

1275
01:13:36,360 --> 01:13:38,800
Speaker 1: that has this. And while a lot of people have

1276
01:13:38,960 --> 01:13:42,640
Speaker 1: these or wellyan objections to it, I just want to

1277
01:13:42,680 --> 01:13:45,920
Speaker 1: point out that these things just records sort of flight

1278
01:13:46,040 --> 01:13:50,560
Speaker 1: data sort of the metadata of your driving and h

1279
01:13:51,400 --> 01:13:54,040
Speaker 1: A data recording system in an ambulance might be in

1280
01:13:54,080 --> 01:13:58,800
Speaker 1: communication with a network of some sort, but typically in

1281
01:13:59,000 --> 01:14:01,760
Speaker 1: your average consumed or vehicle, they're not talking to anyone. No,

1282
01:14:01,880 --> 01:14:06,559
Speaker 1: it's recording simply within your vehicle itself, and ultimately that

1283
01:14:06,640 --> 01:14:10,040
Speaker 1: system might end up helping you as a driver. Let's

1284
01:14:10,040 --> 01:14:12,880
Speaker 1: say that you are driving a vehicle that suffers a

1285
01:14:12,880 --> 01:14:17,040
Speaker 1: mechanical failure, that's a manufacturing problem, and it's recorded in

1286
01:14:17,080 --> 01:14:19,840
Speaker 1: there so that anything that happens, maybe maybe you have

1287
01:14:19,920 --> 01:14:23,840
Speaker 1: an accident and hopefully it's one that doesn't result in injury,

1288
01:14:23,880 --> 01:14:26,320
Speaker 1: but you have an accident that affects your car and

1289
01:14:26,360 --> 01:14:30,040
Speaker 1: it's due to a manufacturing problem, and that was recorded

1290
01:14:30,520 --> 01:14:32,519
Speaker 1: on that black box. Is gonna be thankful for that,

1291
01:14:32,880 --> 01:14:36,559
Speaker 1: right as opposed to someone saying, oh, you're a careless driver. Yeah,

1292
01:14:36,640 --> 01:14:38,960
Speaker 1: And it's important for ambulance is to have that because

1293
01:14:39,040 --> 01:14:42,880
Speaker 1: they are statistically more likely to be involved in an accident. Sure,

1294
01:14:42,880 --> 01:14:47,320
Speaker 1: because they're they're entering areas that are already dangerous. They

1295
01:14:47,360 --> 01:14:50,640
Speaker 1: are also having to go through, you know, intersections, they

1296
01:14:50,680 --> 01:14:52,400
Speaker 1: have to go through heavy traffic at times, they have

1297
01:14:52,400 --> 01:14:55,200
Speaker 1: to go through opposing traffic at times. This is obviously

1298
01:14:55,240 --> 01:14:58,040
Speaker 1: putting themselves at a higher risk for that sort of thing.

1299
01:14:59,800 --> 01:15:03,320
Speaker 1: I see you've got an interesting little, um, little little

1300
01:15:03,320 --> 01:15:05,840
Speaker 1: blurb here, and that we're wrapping up so we have

1301
01:15:05,880 --> 01:15:08,760
Speaker 1: time for it. Okay, all right, Well, first off, thank

1302
01:15:08,800 --> 01:15:11,639
Speaker 1: you for for having me on. It's always a pleasure. Um.

1303
01:15:11,760 --> 01:15:15,639
Speaker 1: We we added some stuff folks under what we called

1304
01:15:15,680 --> 01:15:20,120
Speaker 1: fascinating but not totally necessary facts and we both have one. Yes, uh,

1305
01:15:20,240 --> 01:15:24,040
Speaker 1: mine is that as of October two thousand fourteen, Dubai

1306
01:15:24,200 --> 01:15:26,800
Speaker 1: is home to what they call the world's fastest ambulance.

1307
01:15:26,880 --> 01:15:29,920
Speaker 1: It's a refitted Lotus of Aora. It can travel up

1308
01:15:29,920 --> 01:15:33,000
Speaker 1: to a hundred and eighty five miles per hour, and

1309
01:15:33,040 --> 01:15:35,000
Speaker 1: they have a couple of other things they're working on

1310
01:15:35,040 --> 01:15:38,200
Speaker 1: which will save for later episodes. So a Lotus of

1311
01:15:38,240 --> 01:15:41,200
Speaker 1: Aora is a sports car. Yes. Do you know if

1312
01:15:41,200 --> 01:15:44,160
Speaker 1: they actually transport patients or is this just to get

1313
01:15:44,320 --> 01:15:47,320
Speaker 1: responders to a patient. I think it's because I was

1314
01:15:47,360 --> 01:15:51,160
Speaker 1: looking at this and I think that there might be

1315
01:15:51,200 --> 01:15:55,000
Speaker 1: a way for them to strap somebody onto it. But

1316
01:15:56,800 --> 01:15:59,080
Speaker 1: you need to do a Google image. But I don't.

1317
01:15:59,080 --> 01:16:01,800
Speaker 1: I don't think just a dispeller. I think it's it's

1318
01:16:01,960 --> 01:16:04,360
Speaker 1: more for them to show up on the scene and

1319
01:16:04,400 --> 01:16:08,320
Speaker 1: do treatment on the scene or donuts in the parking lot. Donuts.

1320
01:16:08,920 --> 01:16:12,160
Speaker 1: This thing, look, I mean it's going fast standing still, right,

1321
01:16:12,200 --> 01:16:14,800
Speaker 1: I mean, that's that's what this thing is doing. And

1322
01:16:14,920 --> 01:16:17,519
Speaker 1: all the medical equipment is in that the quote unquote

1323
01:16:17,520 --> 01:16:19,799
Speaker 1: trunk of this vehicle. If you've ever had a sports

1324
01:16:19,880 --> 01:16:23,200
Speaker 1: car written sports car, you know trunks are that's being generous.

1325
01:16:23,560 --> 01:16:28,720
Speaker 1: But but rear storage compartment is filled with medical equipment

1326
01:16:29,560 --> 01:16:33,040
Speaker 1: and there's really I mean, if you have two responders,

1327
01:16:33,040 --> 01:16:34,960
Speaker 1: then there's no room for a page. Yeah. I just

1328
01:16:35,000 --> 01:16:37,880
Speaker 1: don't see how That's my problem with. I don't see

1329
01:16:37,880 --> 01:16:40,639
Speaker 1: how you could attach somebody, right, Yeah, unless you strap

1330
01:16:40,680 --> 01:16:43,559
Speaker 1: them to the top Christmas tree style, which I don't

1331
01:16:43,600 --> 01:16:46,240
Speaker 1: think I would recommend. Not a doctor either, but I

1332
01:16:46,280 --> 01:16:49,760
Speaker 1: don't think. But what's your what's your fascinating facts? So

1333
01:16:49,840 --> 01:16:52,120
Speaker 1: we do have one article on how stuff works that

1334
01:16:52,160 --> 01:16:56,200
Speaker 1: relates to ambulances that popped up, and this one just

1335
01:16:56,240 --> 01:16:58,160
Speaker 1: amused me because it popped up and I was like, well,

1336
01:16:58,240 --> 01:17:00,400
Speaker 1: I'm going to include this because it's a day ulus.

1337
01:17:00,439 --> 01:17:05,479
Speaker 1: But it was one about really bizarre car races and

1338
01:17:05,520 --> 01:17:08,360
Speaker 1: they talked about how On Spike TV's Car Apocalypse, which

1339
01:17:08,439 --> 01:17:11,080
Speaker 1: keep in mind this is for a like almost like

1340
01:17:11,080 --> 01:17:13,960
Speaker 1: a reality game show sort of thing, they had a

1341
01:17:13,960 --> 01:17:17,360
Speaker 1: crazy race that involved ambulance is called a chain race. Now,

1342
01:17:17,400 --> 01:17:19,679
Speaker 1: a chain race is when you have two vehicles, one

1343
01:17:19,800 --> 01:17:23,080
Speaker 1: towing the other with a chain, but you have drivers

1344
01:17:23,080 --> 01:17:25,879
Speaker 1: in both vehicles. So the driver in the front vehicles,

1345
01:17:25,960 --> 01:17:28,760
Speaker 1: the one providing all the power and making turns and stuff.

1346
01:17:28,760 --> 01:17:31,439
Speaker 1: The driving the back vehicle is trying their best to

1347
01:17:31,520 --> 01:17:36,120
Speaker 1: maintain control over their unpowered but still very rapidly moving

1348
01:17:36,240 --> 01:17:39,200
Speaker 1: vehicle so that when they're going around turns and stuff,

1349
01:17:39,200 --> 01:17:42,040
Speaker 1: they're not slinging way off to the side. And the

1350
01:17:42,080 --> 01:17:45,960
Speaker 1: winner of the quote unquote races whichever vehicle still you know,

1351
01:17:46,080 --> 01:17:49,280
Speaker 1: is able to complete it and still be towing their

1352
01:17:49,439 --> 01:17:53,439
Speaker 1: respective car behind them. So these were ambulances towing other cars,

1353
01:17:53,479 --> 01:17:55,880
Speaker 1: and they had two person teams, one person behind the

1354
01:17:55,880 --> 01:17:57,840
Speaker 1: wheel of the ambulance, one behind the wheel of the car.

1355
01:17:58,920 --> 01:18:01,679
Speaker 1: About that one, it was terrifying. I actually watched some

1356
01:18:01,680 --> 01:18:03,880
Speaker 1: some excerpts and and it was pretty crazy. And it

1357
01:18:03,920 --> 01:18:06,320
Speaker 1: was on the circular track, so it was all about

1358
01:18:06,360 --> 01:18:08,200
Speaker 1: spinning out, you know, like they would they would take

1359
01:18:08,240 --> 01:18:10,160
Speaker 1: a turn and the person in the back, you know,

1360
01:18:10,240 --> 01:18:12,920
Speaker 1: they have very limited vision of what they could say

1361
01:18:13,040 --> 01:18:14,600
Speaker 1: that most of their vision is taken up by the

1362
01:18:14,640 --> 01:18:18,080
Speaker 1: back of an ambulance, and so they're they're trying to

1363
01:18:18,200 --> 01:18:20,479
Speaker 1: their best to kind of move with it, but if

1364
01:18:20,520 --> 01:18:23,160
Speaker 1: they swung out too wide, it would cause the whole

1365
01:18:23,200 --> 01:18:27,479
Speaker 1: thing to spin out. It's kind of spectacular. So yeah,

1366
01:18:27,520 --> 01:18:31,160
Speaker 1: that's uh, that's the low down on ambulances. And uh,

1367
01:18:31,680 --> 01:18:36,919
Speaker 1: you know, I think once we see more technology be proven,

1368
01:18:37,600 --> 01:18:39,439
Speaker 1: you know, have it's worth proven in the field, we'll

1369
01:18:39,479 --> 01:18:43,280
Speaker 1: see it make its way into ambulances. I don't again,

1370
01:18:43,320 --> 01:18:47,360
Speaker 1: I don't disagree with taking time to make sure that

1371
01:18:47,360 --> 01:18:51,599
Speaker 1: that's there. I I as someone who loves technology, My

1372
01:18:51,640 --> 01:18:55,160
Speaker 1: first instinct often is to adopt something first and then

1373
01:18:55,920 --> 01:18:59,080
Speaker 1: hope that the value plays out. But you don't want

1374
01:18:59,080 --> 01:19:02,200
Speaker 1: to do that when people's lives are at stake. I

1375
01:19:02,240 --> 01:19:04,360
Speaker 1: have no problem with it taking some time. I mean,

1376
01:19:04,479 --> 01:19:07,760
Speaker 1: obviously there's the frustration because if something could be saving lives,

1377
01:19:07,800 --> 01:19:10,400
Speaker 1: you wanted to be out there, but you have to

1378
01:19:10,439 --> 01:19:14,040
Speaker 1: prove that that could is is real. And ambulances being

1379
01:19:14,080 --> 01:19:16,479
Speaker 1: so very it's obvious to me and although I will

1380
01:19:16,520 --> 01:19:18,400
Speaker 1: admit this is an assumption. I think it's a fair

1381
01:19:18,439 --> 01:19:23,600
Speaker 1: one that ambulances also have wildly differing ranges of equipment

1382
01:19:23,640 --> 01:19:27,799
Speaker 1: with levels of sophistication. So there are you know, surely

1383
01:19:27,840 --> 01:19:31,439
Speaker 1: there are ambulances that have the insta burn graft kind

1384
01:19:31,439 --> 01:19:36,519
Speaker 1: of technology, crazy crazy stuff that that you know that

1385
01:19:36,560 --> 01:19:39,479
Speaker 1: could use some more time to be proven. Yeah. Again,

1386
01:19:39,520 --> 01:19:42,599
Speaker 1: it's not one of those those cookie cutter type things

1387
01:19:42,680 --> 01:19:45,519
Speaker 1: where a standard model like you don't get the standard

1388
01:19:45,560 --> 01:19:49,800
Speaker 1: ambulance and standard ambulance response team that just ends up

1389
01:19:49,840 --> 01:19:54,519
Speaker 1: being you know, put out through all of the world.

1390
01:19:54,880 --> 01:19:57,479
Speaker 1: As as this is what we use from here on out.

1391
01:19:57,920 --> 01:20:01,080
Speaker 1: There's it's definitely a great answer. Yeah, maybe maybe one

1392
01:20:01,160 --> 01:20:04,519
Speaker 1: day we'll get to that standard. And uh, if we do, Lee,

1393
01:20:05,000 --> 01:20:06,360
Speaker 1: You're going to be one of the first people I

1394
01:20:06,360 --> 01:20:08,160
Speaker 1: write to about it because I thought this was an

1395
01:20:08,160 --> 01:20:10,360
Speaker 1: excellent suggestion. And thank you so much for having me

1396
01:20:10,400 --> 01:20:12,120
Speaker 1: on the show. Thank you for being on, Ben, I

1397
01:20:12,160 --> 01:20:15,879
Speaker 1: really appreciate it. And that wraps up another classic episode

1398
01:20:15,880 --> 01:20:17,880
Speaker 1: of tech Stuff. I hope you enjoyed it. If you

1399
01:20:17,960 --> 01:20:21,040
Speaker 1: have suggestions for topics I should cover in future episodes

1400
01:20:21,080 --> 01:20:23,400
Speaker 1: of tech Stuff, please let me know the best way

1401
01:20:23,439 --> 01:20:25,800
Speaker 1: to do that. Is over on Twitter. The handle for

1402
01:20:25,840 --> 01:20:28,880
Speaker 1: the show is text stuff H s W and I'll

1403
01:20:28,880 --> 01:20:37,400
Speaker 1: talk to you again really soon. Tex Stuff is an

1404
01:20:37,400 --> 01:20:41,080
Speaker 1: I Heart Radio production. For more podcasts from my Heart Radio,

1405
01:20:41,439 --> 01:20:44,599
Speaker 1: visit the i heart Radio app, Apple Podcasts, or wherever

1406
01:20:44,680 --> 01:20:46,200
Speaker 1: you listen to your favorite shows.