WEBVTT - The Art of 3D Printing 0:00:00.160 --> 0:00:07.200 Brought to you by Toyota. Let's go places. Welcome to 0:00:07.400 --> 0:00:14.800 Forward Thinking. Hey everyone, and welcome to Forward Thinking, the 0:00:14.920 --> 0:00:17.239 podcast that looks at the future and says into the 0:00:17.239 --> 0:00:20.320 blue again after the money's gone. I'm Jonathan Strickland, I'm 0:00:20.400 --> 0:00:24.160 Lauren Balca, and I'm Joe Reform. So, uh, you know, 0:00:24.560 --> 0:00:27.080 I think it's been about fifteen minutes since we talked 0:00:27.120 --> 0:00:29.159 about three D printers. So guess what we're gonna do 0:00:29.240 --> 0:00:32.040 today talk about three D printers, but in a different 0:00:32.080 --> 0:00:34.320 way than we ever have before. Right, We're not just 0:00:34.360 --> 0:00:38.959 talking about how they could be transformative for multiple industries. 0:00:39.000 --> 0:00:42.640 We're really focusing in on this episode, right, right, we 0:00:42.680 --> 0:00:45.800 wanted to talk about three D printers and art. So 0:00:46.080 --> 0:00:49.680 this week's video is about the future of art generally. 0:00:49.720 --> 0:00:52.760 And one of the most interesting ways that the future 0:00:52.760 --> 0:00:56.880 of technology is already influencing and we'll continue to influence 0:00:56.920 --> 0:01:00.880 the future of art is digital fabrication in general and 0:01:01.000 --> 0:01:04.959 three D printing specifically. Right, So, now we have this 0:01:05.040 --> 0:01:08.520 ability to have a machine to uh, to create three 0:01:08.520 --> 0:01:13.959 dimensional objects layer by layer, something that makes it, you know, 0:01:14.040 --> 0:01:20.039 relatively simple to build relatively complex objects. It's something where 0:01:20.080 --> 0:01:22.679 you know, with the additive manufacturing approach. We often say 0:01:22.680 --> 0:01:25.520 this is different from subtractive manufacturing, where you have to 0:01:25.520 --> 0:01:28.040 cut away or carve away material until you get what 0:01:28.120 --> 0:01:31.920 you want. Well, that's the basis for things like sculpture. 0:01:32.040 --> 0:01:34.640 Right where you're you're taking, for at least some forms 0:01:34.680 --> 0:01:37.440 of sculpture, where you're taking some raw material and cutting 0:01:37.480 --> 0:01:40.679 away stuff until you are left with whatever the artist 0:01:40.720 --> 0:01:45.440 has envisioned within that that block. Oh stuff. And if 0:01:45.480 --> 0:01:48.440 you're taking this other approach where you're building from the 0:01:48.480 --> 0:01:51.360 ground up, where's the place? And art doesn't have a 0:01:51.360 --> 0:01:53.240 place in art. That's the fact that it's a three 0:01:53.320 --> 0:01:55.440 D printer make mean that it shouldn't be an art. Ever, 0:01:55.760 --> 0:01:57.880 I would argue that that the three D printers and 0:01:58.040 --> 0:02:00.480 art tool and that I mean the same same way 0:02:00.480 --> 0:02:04.600 that you're still using your learned skill and talent and 0:02:04.640 --> 0:02:09.160 imagination in order to create a sculpture in the traditional way. 0:02:09.440 --> 0:02:12.760 Oh you are some sort of free thinking radical. Yeah, 0:02:12.840 --> 0:02:16.359 hold on, let me play the the angry person who 0:02:16.400 --> 0:02:19.000 wants things to be how they've always been. Okay, I 0:02:19.120 --> 0:02:22.400 want things to be how they've always been. Jists are 0:02:22.400 --> 0:02:25.440 supposed to you know, when you make a sculpture you're 0:02:25.480 --> 0:02:27.760 supposed to hit a piece of rock with a piece 0:02:27.760 --> 0:02:30.440 of metal until you can see a face in it, 0:02:31.080 --> 0:02:33.280 and then you're supposed to wait a few thousand years 0:02:33.360 --> 0:02:36.720 until it has no arms and it's maybe it's head 0:02:36.720 --> 0:02:40.600 breaks off, or maybe people decide to remove certain parts 0:02:40.639 --> 0:02:43.440 because it no longer fits their aesthetic and they think 0:02:43.440 --> 0:02:45.640 that the naughty bits have got to go. Yeah, that 0:02:45.680 --> 0:02:48.080 could be one thing. Yeah, that that's how it should be. 0:02:48.360 --> 0:02:52.280 I don't like the idea of using machines and computers 0:02:52.320 --> 0:02:56.480 to make art. It just seems wrong because technology has 0:02:56.560 --> 0:02:59.440 never been part of art in the past, has it. Well, Joe, 0:02:59.480 --> 0:03:02.680 that's an fairly different podcast. Let's focus specifically on three 0:03:02.760 --> 0:03:05.760 D printers, shall we. Okay, Well, come on, how can 0:03:05.840 --> 0:03:08.120 you got to sell me on this idea. How can 0:03:08.200 --> 0:03:11.519 something that's made by a machine still be a human 0:03:11.600 --> 0:03:14.840 work of art? Well, a human is still designing the artwork. 0:03:14.880 --> 0:03:17.720 The machine didn't come up with the way that this 0:03:17.760 --> 0:03:21.520 thing looks all by itself. You still have to tell 0:03:21.560 --> 0:03:23.880 it what to print out. I mean, so it's it's 0:03:23.919 --> 0:03:26.680 just instead of instead of taking away all the parts 0:03:26.680 --> 0:03:29.440 of the block of granite that don't look like David, 0:03:29.520 --> 0:03:31.920 you're really just adding in all the parts that do 0:03:32.000 --> 0:03:34.080 look like David. Yeah. So, so, Joe, let me ask 0:03:34.120 --> 0:03:37.720 you a question. Okay, Uh, if I were to hand 0:03:37.760 --> 0:03:43.040 you a a tight manuscript, are printed manuscript of a 0:03:43.200 --> 0:03:46.000 novel I had written, would you argue that the printer 0:03:46.080 --> 0:03:49.600 in fact was the device that wrote that piece of work? 0:03:50.200 --> 0:03:52.440 Are you asking me? Are you asking the angry guy 0:03:52.440 --> 0:03:56.920 who wants things to be how they've always been? Well, okay, yeah, 0:03:56.960 --> 0:03:58.960 even the angry guy who wants things to be how 0:03:59.000 --> 0:04:02.120 they've always been is institute e printing by now and 0:04:02.160 --> 0:04:05.000 sees that as a perfectly valid way of producing a 0:04:05.040 --> 0:04:08.200 work of fiction. Say so. In other words, this three 0:04:08.280 --> 0:04:11.400 D printer, while it's creating a three dimensional object, it is, 0:04:11.440 --> 0:04:14.960 like you were saying, Lauren, it is a manifestation of 0:04:15.000 --> 0:04:18.159 a design that a human has created. It still requires 0:04:18.279 --> 0:04:23.240 artistry and skill to create these virtual models that eventually 0:04:23.480 --> 0:04:27.600 get printed into three dimensions, skill which perhaps not angry Joe, 0:04:27.640 --> 0:04:30.480 but regular Joe is certainly aware of from recent times 0:04:30.520 --> 0:04:32.560 of trying to play around with a three D printer 0:04:32.680 --> 0:04:34.680 and getting it to do your well, oh yeah, it's 0:04:35.040 --> 0:04:37.800 maybe not as easy as you would guess, right, And 0:04:37.839 --> 0:04:41.880 that's just printing. You know, some some fairly basic shapes 0:04:41.920 --> 0:04:45.400 that you have altered in tiny ways. Imagine creating an 0:04:45.680 --> 0:04:49.479 entire shape from scratch that you are just you have 0:04:49.640 --> 0:04:52.760 envisioned what this thing is going to look like once 0:04:52.839 --> 0:04:56.480 it is eventually completed, and then making sure you're working 0:04:56.560 --> 0:05:01.600 within the parameters of the three D printers abilities you know, capacity. Yeah, 0:05:01.680 --> 0:05:04.080 some three D printers don't have very high resolution, so 0:05:04.160 --> 0:05:06.520 that means you're limited in the shapes you can make, 0:05:07.080 --> 0:05:10.840 uh without having some sort of jagged edge to them. Now, granted, 0:05:10.920 --> 0:05:14.080 you could also incorporate jagged edges into your design. That 0:05:14.160 --> 0:05:16.719 might be part of the effect you're going for. Okay, 0:05:16.720 --> 0:05:19.600 So in any case, the creativity is still coming from 0:05:19.600 --> 0:05:23.000 the person. Three D printer is just a tool. It's 0:05:23.040 --> 0:05:26.200 sort of like a chisel, except it's a very advanced chisel. 0:05:26.800 --> 0:05:28.800 It's actually kind of an anti chisel because you don't 0:05:28.800 --> 0:05:33.000 have to cut anything away. Well exactly. Yeah. Um, so okay, 0:05:33.040 --> 0:05:35.159 maybe let's say I'm the angry guy who wants it 0:05:35.200 --> 0:05:37.080 to be how it's always been, and you've convinced me 0:05:37.160 --> 0:05:39.880 this far, I say, okay, okay, maybe it could be 0:05:40.000 --> 0:05:43.120 just as good as as a regular sculpture, you know, 0:05:43.160 --> 0:05:45.800 a chisel the old school way. Are there anyways that 0:05:46.200 --> 0:05:50.320 three D printing or that computer aided fabrication might actually 0:05:50.360 --> 0:05:53.279 allow us to do things that you couldn't do before. 0:05:53.720 --> 0:05:56.159 I came up with this example just off the top 0:05:56.160 --> 0:05:58.240 of my head, and really the more I think about, 0:05:58.320 --> 0:06:01.120 the more I really would love to see someone implement this. 0:06:01.320 --> 0:06:06.880 I personally, I think it has been awesome. And maybe 0:06:06.920 --> 0:06:09.520 maybe it's even possible that I have seen this thing 0:06:09.560 --> 0:06:11.680 and I just don't remember it, and that therefore it 0:06:11.720 --> 0:06:13.520 feels like I've come up with an idea. But really 0:06:13.520 --> 0:06:17.360 I'm just remembering what someone else has already done. It's 0:06:17.400 --> 0:06:19.680 completely possible, it happens. I've seen a version of it. 0:06:19.720 --> 0:06:21.760 But go ahead and explain what you were thinking, so 0:06:21.760 --> 0:06:24.520 that what I was thinking of was you take first 0:06:24.880 --> 0:06:27.839 a piece of software. You design a piece of software 0:06:28.160 --> 0:06:33.279 that can interpret sounds, and based upon those sounds create shapes. 0:06:33.960 --> 0:06:37.440 And so just imagine that any sort of hard consonant 0:06:37.520 --> 0:06:42.840 sound creates a geometric flat edge or or a corner, 0:06:43.000 --> 0:06:45.040 that kind of thing. So do you have the sort 0:06:45.080 --> 0:06:49.240 of the ninety degree angles stuff like that. Then more 0:06:49.360 --> 0:06:53.600 vowel sounds or soft sounds create sort of curved surfaces, 0:06:54.040 --> 0:06:56.840 and then just imagine being able to speak a sentence, 0:06:56.920 --> 0:07:01.080 perhaps a fifteen second long or thirty s long amount 0:07:01.240 --> 0:07:04.800 of speech into a recorder, which actually is quite a 0:07:04.839 --> 0:07:09.440 bit a good Shakespeare quote. Yeah, and then this this 0:07:09.640 --> 0:07:13.360 software would then interpret those sounds and create the shakes 0:07:13.440 --> 0:07:17.240 based upon what the what sounds it caught, and then 0:07:17.400 --> 0:07:19.240 send that to a three D printer, so you get 0:07:19.280 --> 0:07:23.600 a physical manifestation of what it is you said based 0:07:23.640 --> 0:07:27.440 upon the algorithms that inform the software. Right. The thing 0:07:27.520 --> 0:07:30.680 that I was thinking of was, well, a sound wave jewelry, 0:07:30.720 --> 0:07:33.320 which is a thing that made some Internet headlines within 0:07:33.360 --> 0:07:36.800 the past say six months or so. Um, where you 0:07:36.840 --> 0:07:39.400 can record like a word or a sentence and have 0:07:39.520 --> 0:07:42.880 it printed or or etched onto a piece of jewelry, 0:07:43.040 --> 0:07:44.840 like like a ring or something like that, so you 0:07:44.880 --> 0:07:46.880 can you can say I love you and have that 0:07:47.040 --> 0:07:50.480 printed onto your wedding band. That's really cool and uh 0:07:50.520 --> 0:07:53.960 and and also just yeah, I know, right, um. Or 0:07:54.040 --> 0:07:55.680 the kind of stuff that they're doing with some of 0:07:55.720 --> 0:07:59.240 the particle accelerator data art where they're looking at the 0:07:59.280 --> 0:08:01.560 way that things are bouncing around and they're sort of 0:08:01.840 --> 0:08:05.920 letting algorithms spin that out into these very beautiful I 0:08:05.960 --> 0:08:07.920 haven't seen it done with three D printing, but but 0:08:08.080 --> 0:08:11.760 very beautiful two dimensional uh, pieces of art, pieces of 0:08:12.280 --> 0:08:14.120 So the neat thing is that just with you can, 0:08:14.280 --> 0:08:18.000 just with a little imagination, you can create something that 0:08:18.360 --> 0:08:21.720 would allow this sort of two dimensional manifestation become a 0:08:21.760 --> 0:08:25.880 three dimensional manifestation. Now, obviously all of that is dependent 0:08:25.960 --> 0:08:29.640 upon the artist who decides how to design that algorithm. 0:08:29.760 --> 0:08:33.720 Right the algorithms, oh sure the algorithm didn't create itself, 0:08:33.800 --> 0:08:36.000 and artists somewhere along the line has said, this is 0:08:36.040 --> 0:08:39.840 what you do. Yeah, when when X happens, do why? 0:08:39.920 --> 0:08:42.400 And then you just make sure those rules are followed 0:08:42.440 --> 0:08:46.080 properly and uh, then you get the artwork printed out. 0:08:46.440 --> 0:08:49.760 It means that everyone would have unique pieces of art. 0:08:49.800 --> 0:08:52.319 Even if two people said the same sentence, you know 0:08:52.400 --> 0:08:54.440 that the way they say certain words is going to 0:08:54.840 --> 0:08:57.720 be interpreted in different ways from with a machine. Unless 0:08:57.720 --> 0:09:01.439 they sound identical, you're going to get to at least 0:09:01.440 --> 0:09:04.800 subtly different pieces of artwork from it. Which to me, this, this, 0:09:04.920 --> 0:09:08.160 to me is an amazing idea that I wish I 0:09:08.160 --> 0:09:11.280 could implement, but I have very little in the way 0:09:11.320 --> 0:09:15.040 of artistic ability. Well, I love in general the idea 0:09:15.080 --> 0:09:18.360 of taking data and turning that into a new physical 0:09:18.440 --> 0:09:20.920 form of some kind. They are all kinds of ways 0:09:21.000 --> 0:09:23.920 to I guess you would say visualize, but you could also, 0:09:24.360 --> 0:09:27.080 I don't know what the word is audioize any kind 0:09:27.200 --> 0:09:30.199 you can take data and turn that into a format 0:09:30.400 --> 0:09:33.040 that we can sense. Yeah, we talked a little bit 0:09:33.120 --> 0:09:36.440 about that in our feature of music episodes a while back, 0:09:37.160 --> 0:09:39.880 and and some of the visualization projects that people are 0:09:39.920 --> 0:09:43.160 doing with again with some of the particle accelerator data 0:09:43.280 --> 0:09:45.760 or stuff like that. Yeah, but that so this could 0:09:45.800 --> 0:09:49.000 allow you to do this in three dimensions. Um, So 0:09:49.480 --> 0:09:51.760 I want to come back to my angry guy who 0:09:51.800 --> 0:09:53.680 wants it to be how it's always been. Okay, what 0:09:53.720 --> 0:09:55.400 else does angry guy have to say? Well, he's been 0:09:55.400 --> 0:09:57.640 convinced of a couple of things that may maybe it's 0:09:57.679 --> 0:10:00.320 it is just a legitimate tool. Three D print is 0:10:00.920 --> 0:10:03.200 maybe it can even do some things that a chisel 0:10:03.280 --> 0:10:06.679 can't do. Um, but what about the fact that after 0:10:06.800 --> 0:10:10.360 I print one copy of this sculpture I've designed on 0:10:10.400 --> 0:10:13.640 a computer, I can just press print again, make another one, 0:10:13.800 --> 0:10:16.040 and then make another one, make another one, and there's 0:10:16.120 --> 0:10:20.480 really no priority, you know. Yeah, that's a yeah, as in, 0:10:20.720 --> 0:10:24.800 you can't say that this print out version was the 0:10:24.840 --> 0:10:27.640 original and all others are a copy, when in fact, 0:10:28.000 --> 0:10:30.960 if you think about it, the original, the quote unquote 0:10:31.000 --> 0:10:34.800 original print out is itself a physical copy, a physical 0:10:34.800 --> 0:10:38.200 copy of a digital representation. Right, so when you go 0:10:38.280 --> 0:10:41.719 to buy a painting, obviously the original one that the 0:10:41.720 --> 0:10:46.240 painter painted is way more than a print of that. Well, 0:10:46.240 --> 0:10:49.199 and not only that, but that the virtual file, the 0:10:49.600 --> 0:10:54.199 file that the printing is based off of, is itself replicatable. 0:10:54.600 --> 0:10:57.559 You can reproduce of it. You can copy a digital 0:10:57.559 --> 0:11:01.000 file infinite number of times to distribute it. So you 0:11:01.040 --> 0:11:04.120 can't even go back to saying, oh, this one file 0:11:04.480 --> 0:11:07.439 is the original and therefore it's the thing that has value. 0:11:07.840 --> 0:11:11.880 This is tricky, right unless you have either done something 0:11:11.920 --> 0:11:16.280 specific like and like included the reproducibility as part of 0:11:16.320 --> 0:11:21.360 the artistic expression, which is completely valid. Sure, sure create 0:11:21.440 --> 0:11:25.199 something that is in self a statement about reproducibility. Absolutely, 0:11:25.640 --> 0:11:28.600 or perhaps there's there may be cases where the artist 0:11:28.720 --> 0:11:32.160 ends up creating a virtual model, sends it to print. 0:11:32.240 --> 0:11:35.679 Once it's done printing, the artist might destroy that original 0:11:35.720 --> 0:11:40.320 file and then you really do have one copy, one original. Yeah. Oh, 0:11:40.320 --> 0:11:44.560 that's a scary, scary thing to contemplate doing. I think 0:11:44.559 --> 0:11:46.320 it would all depend upon the artist and what the 0:11:46.400 --> 0:11:51.080 artist wanted to say clearly, but I I would want 0:11:51.120 --> 0:11:55.080 to say to angry Joe here that reproducibility is and 0:11:55.240 --> 0:11:59.000 always has been a huge part of and an issue 0:11:59.040 --> 0:12:02.640 in art. I mean, way before three D printing ever existed, Okay, 0:12:02.679 --> 0:12:06.079 I mean, like for for ages, when students are first 0:12:06.160 --> 0:12:09.839 learning how to art, that they sometimes copy or more 0:12:09.880 --> 0:12:14.160 modern le trace work from established artists, and and technology 0:12:14.200 --> 0:12:16.880 for creating replicas of art go back way to ancient 0:12:16.960 --> 0:12:20.120 times like coin stamps, yeah, or or molds for pottery 0:12:20.200 --> 0:12:24.360 or bronze, uh millennium or so. After that, we started 0:12:24.400 --> 0:12:27.199 creating wood cuttings that allowed for creating multiple prints of 0:12:27.240 --> 0:12:31.319 single images, and and later um etched or engraved metal 0:12:31.360 --> 0:12:35.280 surfaces to improve the resolution of that kind of printing technology. 0:12:35.880 --> 0:12:39.440 And then you know lithography or photography, which we're both developed. 0:12:39.760 --> 0:12:46.160 Her photography developed yeah, not only made the pun but 0:12:46.400 --> 0:12:53.559 in the notes yeah her uh yeah, no sorry, those 0:12:53.760 --> 0:12:56.320 those are both developed in the late seventeen and or 0:12:56.360 --> 0:12:59.880 early eighteen hundreds and uh and then motion fell motion 0:13:00.000 --> 0:13:03.560 photography in the late eighteen hundreds, and each of these 0:13:03.559 --> 0:13:07.880 technologies as they were created, brought the possibility for for 0:13:08.280 --> 0:13:12.560 remote viewers to at least in some part experience seeing 0:13:12.600 --> 0:13:15.360 works of art that they might otherwise never have access to. 0:13:15.960 --> 0:13:18.840 Um and and also opened up new avenues for artists 0:13:18.880 --> 0:13:21.160 to make money, which I think we can all agree 0:13:21.200 --> 0:13:24.360 on as being a pretty rad thing. Um but unfortunately 0:13:24.360 --> 0:13:27.760 also did open the door to to forgeries, which kind 0:13:27.840 --> 0:13:31.200 of suck and uh and according to some theory, also 0:13:31.320 --> 0:13:35.520 diluted the cultural value of viewing a k A participating 0:13:35.559 --> 0:13:39.120 in an original work of art like Angry Joe. Is 0:13:39.200 --> 0:13:41.760 kind of implying, by the way, if this, if this 0:13:41.840 --> 0:13:44.720 is a topic that is of some kind of interest 0:13:44.760 --> 0:13:48.160 to you, this theoretical debate, I do highly recommend an 0:13:48.280 --> 0:13:50.960 essay called the Work of Art in the Age of 0:13:50.960 --> 0:13:54.240 Mechanical Reproduction, which was written in nineteen thirty six. I 0:13:54.320 --> 0:13:56.079 told you people have been worried about this for a 0:13:56.080 --> 0:13:59.520 while by a German theorist by the name of Walter Benjamin. 0:14:00.080 --> 0:14:04.080 Um was was during that dawn of what we know 0:14:04.160 --> 0:14:07.080 as the mass media today, and a lot of people 0:14:07.120 --> 0:14:08.960 in the arts were kind of freaking out about it, 0:14:09.600 --> 0:14:13.760 this concept of being able to reproduce through photography or film, 0:14:14.040 --> 0:14:18.400 the experience of seeing something, and he argued that reproductions 0:14:18.440 --> 0:14:22.040 completely removed the the aura or the authenticity of an 0:14:22.040 --> 0:14:26.040 original work of art, furthermore, turn viewers from participants in 0:14:26.160 --> 0:14:31.200 art into passive consumers, and furthermore, allows kind of negative 0:14:31.240 --> 0:14:35.960 stuff like politics or war to be aestheticized in place 0:14:36.120 --> 0:14:39.480 of art. Um And Okay, so so that's all a 0:14:39.560 --> 0:14:42.680 little bit dire and also perhaps off topic from what 0:14:42.720 --> 0:14:45.080 we are talking about. But but I really wanted to 0:14:45.080 --> 0:14:47.880 just demonstrate that this has all been worried about before, 0:14:47.960 --> 0:14:51.720 all right, And and even though these kind of technological 0:14:51.880 --> 0:14:55.600 advances did change the way that we interact with art 0:14:55.680 --> 0:14:58.120 and perhaps even the way that we participate in art, 0:14:58.480 --> 0:15:01.680 it did not in fact result in, OMG, the end 0:15:01.720 --> 0:15:04.440 of all art as we know it, right right, right. 0:15:04.480 --> 0:15:08.600 I I don't think the real me agrees with angry 0:15:08.720 --> 0:15:14.200 means objection about the reproducibility. I don't necessarily see reproducibility 0:15:14.240 --> 0:15:18.720 as a big stumbling block, maybe because I don't necessarily 0:15:18.760 --> 0:15:22.200 believe in the aura of an original piece of art. Oh, 0:15:22.320 --> 0:15:24.720 it's it's it's an interesting theory, and I do think 0:15:24.760 --> 0:15:28.640 that the experience of going and seeing um a Picasso 0:15:28.880 --> 0:15:31.800 or the Mona Lisa, or a pyramid is a different 0:15:31.840 --> 0:15:34.320 experience than seeing a copy of any of those things 0:15:34.360 --> 0:15:37.280 are seeing it on a photograph or in film. But 0:15:37.880 --> 0:15:40.760 like like viewing viewing an original painting as opposed to 0:15:40.840 --> 0:15:45.040 viewing a print or viewing someone else's copy of that 0:15:45.160 --> 0:15:49.760 original painting, even if it looks like it is faithfully 0:15:49.800 --> 0:15:54.000 reproduced it you can you know there is something interesting 0:15:54.040 --> 0:15:56.120 about that. If you were to ask someone, especially if 0:15:56.120 --> 0:15:59.680 they knowingly are viewing a copy, you know, how does 0:15:59.680 --> 0:16:01.920 this make you feel as opposed to knowing that the 0:16:02.120 --> 0:16:05.920 original of this is in some other museum far away? 0:16:06.080 --> 0:16:09.000 You know, there's something psychological there. It doesn't necessarily have 0:16:09.160 --> 0:16:13.080 to be imbued in the object itself, but there is 0:16:13.120 --> 0:16:16.240 something inside us that makes that different. Yeah. Yeah, I 0:16:16.280 --> 0:16:18.360 think it does have to do with I mean, I'm 0:16:18.360 --> 0:16:20.800 not saying we literally believe in magic, but there is 0:16:20.840 --> 0:16:24.560 some kind of idea of contiguous magic that you know, 0:16:24.600 --> 0:16:28.360 it's like oh, this, uh, you know, piece of paper 0:16:28.560 --> 0:16:32.960 was really signed by your favorite celebrities, This was touched 0:16:32.960 --> 0:16:35.720 by that person, this was interacted some of their atoms 0:16:35.720 --> 0:16:38.440 are on that piece of paper. I mean, like, for example, 0:16:38.520 --> 0:16:40.760 just recently this this is also kind of a tangent, 0:16:40.800 --> 0:16:42.760 but just recently I went to Ireland and saw the 0:16:42.800 --> 0:16:45.560 Book of Kells, one of the one of the oldest 0:16:45.760 --> 0:16:50.320 illuminated manuscripts in Europe and uh, particularly I mean in Ireland, 0:16:50.640 --> 0:16:54.040 and and it brought tears to my eyes to see 0:16:54.080 --> 0:16:55.760 this thing. I gonna keep in mind, I was also 0:16:55.800 --> 0:16:58.960 a medievalist in college, so it was very much near 0:16:58.960 --> 0:17:03.400 and dear to my heart. And I've seen countless replicas 0:17:03.440 --> 0:17:06.000 of this and and you know, representations of the artwork 0:17:06.040 --> 0:17:08.720 that's in that book, but it didn't have that emotional 0:17:09.119 --> 0:17:13.000 impact that seeing the real thing did. Oh sure, But 0:17:13.560 --> 0:17:16.920 I would not say that the fact that those reproductions 0:17:16.960 --> 0:17:21.920 can be produced period uh is taking anything away from 0:17:21.960 --> 0:17:25.440 the original. Absolutely, I agree with that, absolutely, I think 0:17:25.480 --> 0:17:27.920 that uh. And in the sense of a three D 0:17:28.000 --> 0:17:31.600 printed piece of artwork, I don't even know that if 0:17:31.640 --> 0:17:34.200 I even if I knew, hey, the artist could just 0:17:34.280 --> 0:17:36.960 hit print and make another one of these, I don't 0:17:37.000 --> 0:17:40.199 necessarily think that would take away my admiration for the 0:17:40.240 --> 0:17:42.760 skill it took and the artistry it took to design it. 0:17:42.840 --> 0:17:45.199 In the first place. Okay, But so all of this 0:17:45.480 --> 0:17:51.280 theoretical discussion aside, three D printing art is a real thing. Um, 0:17:51.320 --> 0:17:55.360 that is really happening. So let's talk about how that works. 0:17:55.840 --> 0:17:59.080 I would imagine, I have not done this myself, that 0:17:59.800 --> 0:18:02.800 you can use a three D scanner in order to make, 0:18:03.200 --> 0:18:05.920 for example, a reproduction of an artwork. Okay, so now 0:18:05.960 --> 0:18:08.640 you're not just a free thinking radical, You're a freethinking 0:18:08.720 --> 0:18:11.560 radical who wants to make forgeries of actual art. I 0:18:11.600 --> 0:18:14.640 got you pinned here, Lauren. I see where this is going. 0:18:14.960 --> 0:18:17.280 But now you're correct. You can use three D scanners 0:18:17.320 --> 0:18:21.240 to to replicate things like like existing pieces of artwork, 0:18:21.680 --> 0:18:24.800 and not just replicate right to create your own. I mean, 0:18:24.840 --> 0:18:26.960 you know, if you were three D scanning UM and 0:18:27.240 --> 0:18:29.840 arm in order to incorporate that into some kind of 0:18:30.000 --> 0:18:33.800 very weird Clive Barker kind of kind of like, let's 0:18:33.800 --> 0:18:37.440 say that you wanted to produce a replica in some 0:18:37.720 --> 0:18:41.159 form of Venus de Milo, but in a place of 0:18:41.280 --> 0:18:43.760 normal human arms, which would have been there but have 0:18:43.800 --> 0:18:47.359 since I've been lost to us terminator arms or I 0:18:47.440 --> 0:18:50.879 was gonna say tentacles, but sure terminating clause. Oh crab clause. 0:18:51.040 --> 0:18:53.320 Oh yeah, Oh that'd be so great. You can totally 0:18:53.400 --> 0:18:56.919 do that. I would love it. Okay, at home, you 0:18:56.960 --> 0:18:59.040 might be thinking, what what what I've heard about three 0:18:59.119 --> 0:19:02.360 D printing? What's deal with three D scanning? Well, three 0:19:02.480 --> 0:19:06.200 D scanners are out there. There a technology that's uh 0:19:06.280 --> 0:19:08.639 the sort of the counterpart to a three D printer, 0:19:08.800 --> 0:19:11.399 the inverse, if you will. So a three D printer 0:19:11.520 --> 0:19:15.119 takes a digital shape and it makes it physical. A 0:19:15.200 --> 0:19:19.040 three D scanner samples of physical shape and makes it digital. 0:19:19.080 --> 0:19:21.199 So it's sort of like a camera, except what a 0:19:21.240 --> 0:19:25.040 camera does is gets a two D picture. A three 0:19:25.160 --> 0:19:28.600 D scanner uses a variety of different ways to get 0:19:28.640 --> 0:19:31.639 a three D picture. Now, what are the different ways 0:19:31.680 --> 0:19:34.640 that a three D scanner could sample a physical object? 0:19:34.840 --> 0:19:40.720 My favorite, of course has to be leasers. So, uh yeah, 0:19:40.840 --> 0:19:44.360 laser You use the laser line passing it over an object. 0:19:44.920 --> 0:19:48.199 This laser line has a sort of a laser and 0:19:48.240 --> 0:19:50.920 a camera sensor together, and the camera sensor what it's 0:19:50.920 --> 0:19:54.720 doing is it's recording three D points in space. Essentially, 0:19:54.720 --> 0:19:57.720 any point where the laser makes contact with a physical 0:19:57.720 --> 0:20:02.159 object that becomes a reference point for the virtual object 0:20:02.200 --> 0:20:05.760 that will be produced in a computer model. So these 0:20:05.840 --> 0:20:08.840 lasers are placed around the outside of the object and 0:20:08.960 --> 0:20:10.920 scan in moor d on. Yeah, and you might have 0:20:11.000 --> 0:20:14.040 a device that allows you to to just lower a 0:20:14.119 --> 0:20:19.159 physical array of lasers that scan the whole thing at once, 0:20:19.280 --> 0:20:21.639 or you might have to rotate the object, or rotate 0:20:21.680 --> 0:20:24.480 the laser around the object and get several scans in 0:20:24.560 --> 0:20:27.200 order to get a full picture, a three dimensional picture 0:20:27.280 --> 0:20:30.720 of this object. There are a lot of different implementations 0:20:30.720 --> 0:20:34.440 of this laser line, patch and spherical are all examples 0:20:34.440 --> 0:20:37.840 of methods to use lasers to to scan a physical object. 0:20:38.200 --> 0:20:40.560 But basically you're doing the same thing over and over again. 0:20:40.600 --> 0:20:43.800 You're creating these these floating three D points in space 0:20:44.359 --> 0:20:47.879 that represent the surface of whatever the object is. Tends 0:20:47.920 --> 0:20:50.120 to be a pretty quick way to make a scan. 0:20:50.240 --> 0:20:53.399 It's also really good for stuff that's free form and flowy, 0:20:53.480 --> 0:20:57.159 kind of organic, you know. The more rounded shapes of 0:20:57.400 --> 0:20:59.679 three D scanning is great for that kind of stuff. 0:21:00.840 --> 0:21:02.879 So there's another one that you're probably not going to 0:21:02.960 --> 0:21:05.560 see popping up in the art world much. This is 0:21:05.600 --> 0:21:07.720 going to be more in industrial use, but it's worth 0:21:07.760 --> 0:21:09.679 mentioning because it is a way of three D scanning 0:21:09.680 --> 0:21:12.920 which would be CT scanning, which uses X rays. Yeah, 0:21:12.960 --> 0:21:15.639 this is what you would often get in a medical setting, 0:21:15.720 --> 0:21:19.119 like if you go in for computerized tomography, that's what 0:21:19.280 --> 0:21:23.240 it stands for. UM. You will go into a room 0:21:23.320 --> 0:21:27.320 and they will penetrate your soft, fleshy outer layers with 0:21:28.400 --> 0:21:32.760 X rays, which they don't penetrate the hard tissue, so 0:21:32.840 --> 0:21:35.359 things like bone tissue they're not going to penetrate. So 0:21:35.840 --> 0:21:39.280 you know, you've probably seen you may have actually had 0:21:39.480 --> 0:21:42.119 a CT scan or you've probably seen at least a 0:21:42.160 --> 0:21:44.600 depiction of one. UH. These are the ones that have 0:21:44.800 --> 0:21:50.000 like the doughnut, the rounded UH chamber that can move 0:21:50.080 --> 0:21:52.520 either move over a patient or the patient is actually 0:21:52.520 --> 0:21:54.840 on a platform that moves through this. The point being 0:21:54.840 --> 0:21:58.800 here that they use X rays, which you don't want 0:21:58.840 --> 0:22:01.320 to be exposed to for very long. Now for patients, 0:22:01.880 --> 0:22:04.200 the X ray does you get in a typical scan 0:22:04.320 --> 0:22:07.480 is pretty low, so the risk of any adverse health 0:22:07.480 --> 0:22:10.199 effects is also very low. Oh, sure, they have the 0:22:10.240 --> 0:22:13.600 operators stand in other rooms because the sheer number of 0:22:13.640 --> 0:22:15.960 these things that they would be exposed to over the 0:22:16.000 --> 0:22:17.760 course of a day or a week or a lifetime 0:22:17.760 --> 0:22:20.880 in the field would in fact be dangerous yes, so 0:22:21.000 --> 0:22:22.760 you would you know, if you were wanting to use 0:22:22.800 --> 0:22:26.679 CT scanning for three D scanning purposes, it would obviously 0:22:26.760 --> 0:22:28.840