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Speaker 1: Hey there, Welcome to Growing Up with Emily, a Lingo

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Speaker 1: kids podcast. It helps kids discover how to be whatever

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Speaker 1: they want to be, growing.

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Speaker 2: Up well side, growing up, growing up side, and grow.

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Speaker 3: I strongly believe that science is for everyone, and there

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Speaker 3: are so many different types of science and so many

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Speaker 3: different ways to be a scientist that you have tons

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Speaker 3: of time to decide what you're excited about. I feel like,

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Speaker 3: even now, so many years after I started my scientific journey,

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Speaker 3: I'm still learning. And so even if you change your mind,

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Speaker 3: that's kind of part of being a scientist. It's learning,

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Speaker 3: it's growing, it's asking more questions, and it's being comfortable

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Speaker 3: with failure. So keep going.

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Speaker 4: So what are we doing for today's science experiment?

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Speaker 1: Well, I'm pretty excited about this one, Winston. I call

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Speaker 1: it the Great swab Off. It's all about discovering things

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Speaker 1: that are hiding on everyday surfaces using cotton swabs.

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Speaker 4: Things hiding on everyday surfaces, You mean like they're.

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Speaker 1: Too small to see exactly Whinston, I'm talking about germs. Germs.

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Speaker 1: Oh yeah, very ooh. But germs are actually all around

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Speaker 1: us all the time. They're just too small to see

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Speaker 1: with your eyes. And some actually aren't bad germs at all.

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Speaker 1: Good bacteria can help keep our tummies healthy and boost

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Speaker 1: our immune systems. Immune system, Yeah, our immune system is

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Speaker 1: like an army that protects us from germs and keeps

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Speaker 1: us from getting sick.

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Speaker 5: Hm, we should use the microscope, Emily, That's exactly what

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Speaker 5: we'll do when Stan.

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Speaker 1: But first we're going to wipe cotton swabs on different

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Speaker 1: surfaces in our lab, things we touch every day. Then,

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Speaker 1: using the microscope, we'll zoom in really close and see

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Speaker 1: if there are germs living on those surfaces, to find

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Speaker 1: out whether or not they're the harmful ones that can

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Speaker 1: give us the colds, the flu, or even food poisoning.

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Speaker 4: You know, it would help if we knew what they

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Speaker 4: looked like.

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Speaker 1: Well, you know when you leave bread out for too long,

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Speaker 1: or maybe some old fruit and it starts to.

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Speaker 5: Grow mold Oh yeah, I've seen that before, or like

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Speaker 5: ugh old moldy cheese, like the kind my uncle Bill

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Speaker 5: likes to eat.

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Speaker 1: All right, onncent, what surface should be swabbed first?

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Speaker 5: How about the doorknob? We touched that a lot. I

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Speaker 5: want to check out to see just how many germs

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Speaker 5: are on there. Okay, got it? Hmm what else on

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Speaker 5: your computer keyboard? We definitely touch that a lot too.

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Speaker 1: So we've swabbed those surfaces, and now we're going to

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Speaker 1: take those swabs and pop them into these little glass dishes.

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Speaker 4: So I want to do that part, Emily.

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Speaker 1: Okay, Now we carefully label each dish and we wait.

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Speaker 1: The germs will start to grow after eating away this

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Speaker 1: jel I put in the dish. Then we'll be able

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Speaker 1: to check and see if they are the harmful germs

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Speaker 1: or the normal good ones.

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Speaker 5: Swabbing all these surfaces and looking for good germs and

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Speaker 5: bad germs seems like a lot of work. And what

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Speaker 5: if there's a ton of germs? I mean, how will

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Speaker 5: we know who's good and who's bad.

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Speaker 1: Don't worry. We'll use what's called the scientific method to

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Speaker 1: figure it out.

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Speaker 4: The scientific method.

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Speaker 5: That sounds so so legit, But what is it, Emily, Well, it's.

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Speaker 1: A special way for scientists to solve problems, Winston. First

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Speaker 1: we ask a question or two, then we do experiments

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Speaker 1: or observations to find an answer, and finally we share

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Speaker 1: what we've learned with others.

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Speaker 5: All right, I'm getting it, So I guess our questions

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Speaker 5: are there harmful germs? On the surfaces in our office,

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Speaker 5: and which are the safe germs and which are the

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Speaker 5: ones that make us all fluid.

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Speaker 4: And sneezy inside? And how many sick days do I

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Speaker 4: have here?

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Speaker 1: Very good? We do have to wait a bit to

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Speaker 1: see if the germs will grow on that gel. But

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Speaker 1: then we'll check out each dish in the microscope to

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Speaker 1: see what's going on.

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Speaker 5: Well, what do we do while we wait?

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Speaker 1: Emily, we need to write down everything that we swapped.

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Speaker 4: Write it down.

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Speaker 5: Why, well, I'll be able to remember the doorknob, the keyboard,

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Speaker 5: and the light switch.

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Speaker 1: Sure, Winston, we remember because it just happened. But what

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Speaker 1: if we want to swap for germs in a month

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Speaker 1: or even a year to compare them to the germs

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Speaker 1: we find today.

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Speaker 4: Oh so we need to write everything down.

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Speaker 1: Yes, exactly. It's important for scientists to write down their

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Speaker 1: observations and keep records every step along the way. Oh

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Speaker 1: that's my reminder. There's a I stream of a scientist

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Speaker 1: friend of mine. She's going to be doing an online

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Speaker 1: talk about her job as an epidemiologist. As an they're

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Speaker 1: a bit like doctors for the whole community, but their

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Speaker 1: mission is to figure out why people get sick.

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Speaker 3: My name is Jessica Malatti Rivera, and I'm an infectious

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Speaker 3: disease epidemiologist and a science communicator. So five words or

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Speaker 3: phrases that describe the work that I do would be

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Speaker 3: disease detective, researcher, viruses, a translator, and an investigator.

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Speaker 1: Epidemiologists help us find out one the reason for the

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Speaker 1: sickness and two how to stop it from spreading. For instance,

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Speaker 1: epidemiologist John Snow stopped a big outbreak of a disease

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Speaker 1: called cholera in London back in eighteen fifty four. You see,

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Speaker 1: most of the doctors at the time thought that the

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Speaker 1: disease came from something that was in the air. But

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Speaker 1: doctor Snow made a map of the places where people

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Speaker 1: were getting sick and realized that they all lived near

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Speaker 1: dirty water. And that was just one of the many

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Speaker 1: ways doctor Snow tried to figure out his problem, and

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Speaker 1: he made lots of mistakes before finding the right answer.

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Speaker 1: That's how the scientific method works.

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Speaker 3: So a bit of my story about how I started

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Speaker 3: doing the work that I'm doing now kind of goes

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Speaker 3: all the way back to when I was in elementary school.

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Speaker 3: I was always interested in science and in math, and

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Speaker 3: then eventually that got really specific into I wanted to

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Speaker 3: understand why people got sick, and I thought I wanted

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Speaker 3: to be a doctor because I thought doctors were really interesting.

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Speaker 3: And then after I got more interested in things like

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Speaker 3: public health, I realized there's so many ways to understand

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Speaker 3: why people get sick and still be a scientist, and

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Speaker 3: so I studied public health when I went all the

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Speaker 3: way to college. And then after college, I got even

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Speaker 3: more specific and I studied infectious diseases. And that was

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Speaker 3: when I really got excited about the potential for the

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Speaker 3: kinds of work that you could do by studying infectious diseases.

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Speaker 3: I studied all types of viruses and bacteria that made

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Speaker 3: animal sick, plants sick, and human sick. And once I

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Speaker 3: got really specialized in that work, I became an epidemiologist.

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Speaker 4: So do all scientists study science at school?

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Speaker 1: Emily, Yeah, it's kind of a requirement. You can take

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Speaker 1: the basic science classes you have in school, and then

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Speaker 1: when you get to college you can take more specific

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Speaker 1: types of science classes too. Ooh, like one, Emily, Well,

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Speaker 1: like biology, psychology, computer science, astronomy. There are tons of

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Speaker 1: science classes and tons of scientists jobs to go along

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Speaker 1: with them. You can take your pick, but all scientists

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Speaker 1: use the scientific method to gather information called data in

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Speaker 1: whatever kind of work that they do.

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Speaker 4: So Jessica learns about how to fight diseases.

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Speaker 5: That's got to be important because COVID made a lot

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Speaker 5: of people sick when it first happened.

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Speaker 1: It sure did Winson. In fact, almost seven hundred million

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Speaker 1: people got the virus because it spread so quickly, And

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Speaker 1: it was epidemiologist like Jessica who came up with the

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Speaker 1: vaccines and medicines who helped to prevent COVID from continuing

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Speaker 1: to spread and make even more people sick. But they

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Speaker 1: had to try many times over and over to find

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Speaker 1: a vaccine that would help.

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Speaker 3: You know, part of being a scientist is experiencing failure,

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Speaker 3: and it can be kind of frustrating when you keep

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Speaker 3: doing something and don't get the right answer. But there's

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Speaker 3: kind of a resilience that comes with being a scientist

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Speaker 3: because you're used to failure and it's not a bad thing.

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Speaker 4: You know.

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Speaker 5: It's nice to know that scientists try over and over

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Speaker 5: when they're trying to solve a problem.

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Speaker 1: Yeah, and that's the whole point of being a scientist.

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Speaker 1: Testing your ideas again and again until you up with

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Speaker 1: the right solution.

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Speaker 3: I strongly believe that science is for everyone, and there

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Speaker 3: are so many different types of science and so many

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Speaker 3: different ways to be a scientist that you have tons

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Speaker 3: of time to decide what you're excited about, and so

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Speaker 3: even if you change your mind, that's kind of part

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Speaker 3: of being a scientist.

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Speaker 5: Wow, anyone could be a scientist. You think that's true, Emily.

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Speaker 1: I really do. Inston, you just have to find out

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Speaker 1: what you're curious about and start learning more about it.

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Speaker 1: That makes you an amateur scientist. Then once you go

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Speaker 1: to college, you can pick the type of science you

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Speaker 1: want to study to become a pro.

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Speaker 4: An amateur scientist.

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Speaker 1: Yep, that means someone who's just beginning. For instance, I

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Speaker 1: just read an article about a fourteen year old scientist

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Speaker 1: from Virginia.

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Speaker 4: Well, a fourteen year old scientist. How cool?

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Speaker 1: Well, an amateur scientist anyway, but he'll be a pro

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Speaker 1: in no time. His name is Heman Mickela. Before he

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Speaker 1: moved to the United States, he then grew up in Ethiopia,

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Speaker 1: where it's super sunny all the time, so he was

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Speaker 1: worried about skin cancer, which is caused by saying out

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Speaker 1: in the sun for way too long. So he decided

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Speaker 1: to look for a solution, and, like every good scientist does,

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Speaker 1: he decided to do something about the problem to try

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Speaker 1: and solve it.

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Speaker 4: What do you do, Emily, Well, since he.

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Speaker 1: Isn't old enough to be a doctor, he couldn't use

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Speaker 1: all the equipment that they have, so he decided to

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Speaker 1: try something, something he could make at home. Guess what

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Speaker 1: he invented, Winston, I.

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Speaker 4: Don't know, A new medicine soap.

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Speaker 1: This teenage scientist spends a lot of time creating a

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Speaker 1: special kind of soap packed full of medicine skin cancer

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Speaker 1: fighting medicine. That is, he made batch after batch by

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Speaker 1: mixing different ingredients like water, lye, oils, and medicine until

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Speaker 1: he got it just right.

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Speaker 5: Oh cool, magic healing soap. What a good yep.

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Speaker 1: Basically, heman took regular soap and changed up the ingredients.

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Speaker 4: What did the soap look like?

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Speaker 5: I bet it's green and has little flakes of smell

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Speaker 5: good grains in it.

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Speaker 4: Do you think it smells good and tastes good?

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Speaker 1: I bet it smells good, yes, Winston. But it looks

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Speaker 1: just like most bars of soap do, like a little

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Speaker 1: white brick.

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Speaker 4: Only with awesome magical medicine powers in it.

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Speaker 1: That's right. After a lot of observations and testing, his

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Speaker 1: soap was so successful that he took home the top

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Speaker 1: spot and the Young Scientists Challenge a prize of twenty

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Speaker 1: five thousand dollars.

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Speaker 4: What incredible.

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Speaker 5: He probably needed a really big piggy pang for that,

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Speaker 5: and he'll be able to make a lot of soap

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Speaker 5: with all that cash. Then heman can help even more people.

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Speaker 5: That is so awesome and inspiring.

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Speaker 1: It sure is Whinson. And he even made it so

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Speaker 1: that the soap will only cost people five dollars. That's

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Speaker 1: a good price for something that can help treat skin cancer.

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Speaker 1: I want to take a quick minute to tell you

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Speaker 1: and our listeners about Lingo Kids. You know how I

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Speaker 1: start every episode by saying that it's a Lingo Kids podcast. Well,

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Speaker 1: Lingo Kids is the number one learning app for kids.

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Speaker 1: They believe that learning can be fun and I think

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Speaker 1: so too. They transform screen time with educational and interactive games,

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Speaker 1: videos and songs and you can play all these on

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Speaker 1: their app. Hey, if you were a scientist, what field

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Speaker 1: would you go into?

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Speaker 5: I don't know, Emily, maybe animals like a zoologist that'd

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Speaker 5: be fun, or the one you said earlier, the kind

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Speaker 5: of scientists who investigates how animals make friends.

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Speaker 1: That would be so much fun. Hey, ready to take

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Speaker 1: another swing at our science experiment? When sim oh.

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Speaker 4: Yeah, our science experiment. What was it again?

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Speaker 1: Testing the services and our lab for germs that make

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Speaker 1: us sick?

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Speaker 5: Oh yeah, let's see if any germs grew by checking

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Speaker 5: under the microscope.

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Speaker 1: Excited, Oh, I can tell Winson? Can you grab that

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Speaker 1: microscope off the shelf for me.

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Speaker 4: Way ahead of Yamiley here it.

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Speaker 1: Is all right, use the microscope to take a look

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Speaker 1: at the dish we labeled doorknob and tell me what

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Speaker 1: you see.

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Speaker 5: Hmm okay, let me twist these little knobs so I

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Speaker 5: can focus on them and then maybe oh, no.

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Speaker 1: Way, cross, what is it? What do you see? Winston?

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Speaker 4: Well, it looks.

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Speaker 5: Like like their little blue worms moving around like they're swimming.

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Speaker 4: In water something.

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Speaker 1: Oooh those are germs, all right? Are there a lot

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Speaker 1: of them?

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Speaker 4: Not a ton?

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Speaker 5: But still this definitely tells us that there are any

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Speaker 5: bitty things living on our labs.

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Speaker 1: Doorknob, that's called an observation. We can make a note

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Speaker 1: of that, just like any scientist. Would let me have

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Speaker 1: a look at the next one, the computer keyboard swap.

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Speaker 1: We did.

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Speaker 4: Hey, you're the boss, be my guest.

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Speaker 1: Hmm, okay, yeah. There are definitely some germs on here too,

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Speaker 1: more of the wiggly worm ones and oh a few

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Speaker 1: of the round ones too. It almost looks like they're

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Speaker 1: all bopping around to a song.

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Speaker 4: There are germs everywhere.

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Speaker 1: Yeah, that's right, we just can't see them because they

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Speaker 1: are so tiny. That's why, as I'm sure you know

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Speaker 1: by now, Winston, it's so important for us to always

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Speaker 1: wash our hands with soap and water for at least

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Speaker 1: twenty seconds. That way you can get rid of nasty

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Speaker 1: germs and stop them from spreading like mold spreads on

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Speaker 1: old bread.

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Speaker 4: Twenty seconds. Got it. Thanks for the reminder, Emily.

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Speaker 1: Okay, want to look at the last one, the swab

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Speaker 1: for the light switch.

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Speaker 4: Let's see.

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Speaker 5: Oh man, yep, there's more tiny germs here. They look

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Speaker 5: like spiky little jelly beans or something. We gotta clean

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Speaker 5: this police up, Emily. All these germs are gonna make

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Speaker 5: us sick.

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Speaker 1: Actually, Whenson, We touch germs every day, but don't worry.

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Speaker 1: Most of them are too small to worry about. In fact,

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Speaker 1: a lot of them are good germs. They're called friendly bacteria.

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Speaker 1: These tiny helpers live in our tummies, help us digest

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Speaker 1: food and help our bodies fight off the bad germs.

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Speaker 4: No kidding, but what about the bad germs, Emily.

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Speaker 1: Well, you'll know when you found a bad germ. That's

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Speaker 1: what gives you a fever or tummy aches. That's why

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Speaker 1: we don't hug each other when we've got runny noses

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Speaker 1: and coughs. Coughs and colds are like a party for

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Speaker 1: bad germs, and they can easily jump from your hands

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Speaker 1: to your mouth and spread yuck.

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Speaker 4: I wouldn't touch those kinds of things anyway.

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Speaker 1: In the meantime, we just need to keep our hands

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Speaker 1: and services as clean as possible.

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Speaker 4: I'm on an Emily.

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Speaker 5: Oh boy, this lab will be bad germ free in

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Speaker 5: no time.

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Speaker 1: That's all the time we have on today's episode. Thanks

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Speaker 1: so much for joining our chat about scientists. You can

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Speaker 1: be a scientist to just keep asking questions and remember

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Speaker 1: to always stay curious and keep exploring.

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Speaker 6: Desert the line train, celebrity shower, flatten the moon to

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Speaker 6: count the sa race, fast coat. We can't do anything

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Speaker 6: we want. Close your eyes you'll see it. You have

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Speaker 6: to believe it

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Speaker 4: Close up, yes, side