1 00:00:08,280 --> 00:00:10,360 Speaker 1: Hello, and welcome to Savor production of I Heart Radio. 2 00:00:10,400 --> 00:00:12,959 Speaker 1: I'm Annie Reese and I'm Lauren Vocal Bomb, and today 3 00:00:13,000 --> 00:00:17,560 Speaker 1: we have an episode for you about Dill. So many punds, 4 00:00:17,800 --> 00:00:23,720 Speaker 1: so many goodness? Oh yes, any reason this one was 5 00:00:23,760 --> 00:00:27,920 Speaker 1: on your mind? Uh? We hadn't done an herb and 6 00:00:28,280 --> 00:00:32,520 Speaker 1: or spice in just a second. I was thinking about 7 00:00:32,560 --> 00:00:39,360 Speaker 1: this earlier this summer, but then Russia invaded Ukraine and 8 00:00:39,880 --> 00:00:42,760 Speaker 1: I didn't really want to think about them for a minute, 9 00:00:42,840 --> 00:00:46,960 Speaker 1: so I've been putting it off. Ah, well, but here 10 00:00:46,960 --> 00:00:53,760 Speaker 1: we are here, we are here, we are well. I 11 00:00:53,760 --> 00:01:00,280 Speaker 1: will tell you my family is big into dill. Yeah us. 12 00:01:00,320 --> 00:01:02,360 Speaker 1: I think I've talked about this before. My brother loves 13 00:01:02,720 --> 00:01:06,759 Speaker 1: Dill pickles so much that he has a pickle Christmas ornament, 14 00:01:06,760 --> 00:01:10,080 Speaker 1: which apparently is a German tradition hiding the pickle. I 15 00:01:10,080 --> 00:01:13,400 Speaker 1: think when we did that episode, we talked about it. 16 00:01:13,600 --> 00:01:16,640 Speaker 1: We just throw it in and confirmed that it's a thing. 17 00:01:16,680 --> 00:01:18,360 Speaker 1: I don't think my mom knew that when she got 18 00:01:18,440 --> 00:01:20,759 Speaker 1: him in an ornament. I don't think it's a deep, 19 00:01:20,840 --> 00:01:23,520 Speaker 1: deep tradition, but right, yeah, it is. It was certainly 20 00:01:23,520 --> 00:01:26,560 Speaker 1: a thing. I have had a Dill pickle ornament. I'm 21 00:01:26,560 --> 00:01:29,280 Speaker 1: not sure if it's just in storage or if it broke, 22 00:01:29,760 --> 00:01:32,880 Speaker 1: but but one way or another, why not hang a 23 00:01:32,880 --> 00:01:39,800 Speaker 1: pickle ornament from your tree? Why? Why not? Why not? Um? Well, 24 00:01:39,840 --> 00:01:41,560 Speaker 1: we can fix this. When can we get to the 25 00:01:41,560 --> 00:01:44,199 Speaker 1: bottom of what happened to your ornament? Lauren? We'll figure 26 00:01:44,240 --> 00:01:47,440 Speaker 1: it out one way or the other. Yes, my brother's 27 00:01:47,480 --> 00:01:51,000 Speaker 1: favorite chips are dil deal chips, dill pickle chips. Um. 28 00:01:51,040 --> 00:01:54,160 Speaker 1: I just gave my mom a dill bloody mary mix 29 00:01:54,200 --> 00:01:58,000 Speaker 1: and she loved it. And I love it too. I 30 00:01:58,000 --> 00:02:00,920 Speaker 1: I love it in things like chick be salad. Um. 31 00:02:00,960 --> 00:02:06,000 Speaker 1: Oh yeah yeah, fresh fresh dill the like yeah yeah. 32 00:02:06,760 --> 00:02:10,400 Speaker 1: I was thinking while I was writing the outline for 33 00:02:10,400 --> 00:02:12,079 Speaker 1: this one, and I'm not sure if I've ever cooked 34 00:02:12,080 --> 00:02:15,600 Speaker 1: with dill seed before. And now I'm like, why haven't I? 35 00:02:16,080 --> 00:02:19,680 Speaker 1: That sounds delicious? Um. Usually I only break out fresh 36 00:02:19,760 --> 00:02:25,720 Speaker 1: dill when I'm making um chicken soup because to me, 37 00:02:26,040 --> 00:02:28,640 Speaker 1: it's like an integral part of Matz the Ball soup. 38 00:02:29,360 --> 00:02:32,120 Speaker 1: So so if that's what I'm if that's what I'm 39 00:02:32,200 --> 00:02:34,800 Speaker 1: up to, then I break out the fresh dill. But 40 00:02:34,880 --> 00:02:36,400 Speaker 1: I don't know why I don't use it all the time. 41 00:02:36,560 --> 00:02:39,400 Speaker 1: It's delightful. It is delightful, and now I want to 42 00:02:39,400 --> 00:02:41,160 Speaker 1: put it in my soup. You know I love soup, 43 00:02:41,160 --> 00:02:45,440 Speaker 1: and it is soup season now officially. Yes, Happy fall y'all, 44 00:02:45,800 --> 00:02:50,320 Speaker 1: Happy fall y'all. Uh. It is hard to break apart 45 00:02:50,360 --> 00:02:52,880 Speaker 1: the history of dill without talking about pickles, so definitely 46 00:02:52,919 --> 00:02:56,359 Speaker 1: see our pickle episode Yep, yep, yep, and shout out 47 00:02:56,400 --> 00:02:59,560 Speaker 1: to our coworker and friend Ramsey and his amazing homemade pickles, 48 00:02:59,600 --> 00:03:01,920 Speaker 1: which we talk about in that delicious I love them 49 00:03:02,000 --> 00:03:05,120 Speaker 1: very much. But there's fresh still in those in the 50 00:03:05,200 --> 00:03:12,680 Speaker 1: jar for sure. Um. Yeah, yeah, we are. Uh, we're unionizing, y'all. 51 00:03:12,840 --> 00:03:18,600 Speaker 1: The I Heart Podcast team is working on bargaining a 52 00:03:18,680 --> 00:03:22,240 Speaker 1: union contract with the company and two our first in 53 00:03:22,320 --> 00:03:26,280 Speaker 1: person bargaining meeting, Ramsey in fact brought a jar pickles, 54 00:03:27,200 --> 00:03:29,920 Speaker 1: and I bet it improved everything all the more for it, 55 00:03:30,200 --> 00:03:34,200 Speaker 1: shared him across the table. It was lovely. Oh gosh, 56 00:03:34,240 --> 00:03:39,680 Speaker 1: that's so jealous. They are so good, so good they 57 00:03:39,720 --> 00:03:41,320 Speaker 1: really are, they really are. I think we were eating 58 00:03:41,280 --> 00:03:43,400 Speaker 1: them with chopsticks because we just didn't have any forks. 59 00:03:44,880 --> 00:03:50,920 Speaker 1: I love that. I think that's fantastic. Anyway, yes, anyway, 60 00:03:51,040 --> 00:03:55,880 Speaker 1: all right. I guess this brings us to walk question still, 61 00:03:59,520 --> 00:04:03,640 Speaker 1: what is it? Well? Dill is a plant used for 62 00:04:03,760 --> 00:04:07,000 Speaker 1: both its feathery leaves as an herb and it's tiny 63 00:04:07,080 --> 00:04:11,680 Speaker 1: seeds as a spice, both of which add a little savory, lemony, 64 00:04:12,160 --> 00:04:15,840 Speaker 1: pungent kick to just all kinds of savory dishes around 65 00:04:15,840 --> 00:04:20,599 Speaker 1: the world. It's like a like a milder happy medium 66 00:04:20,640 --> 00:04:28,039 Speaker 1: between phennel and caraway. It's like, I'm biased because this 67 00:04:28,240 --> 00:04:30,359 Speaker 1: just happened, but it's like the first day of fall. 68 00:04:30,680 --> 00:04:33,960 Speaker 1: It's like a little crisp and bracing, but still so 69 00:04:34,080 --> 00:04:39,880 Speaker 1: bright and warming, kind of sunny. Yeah. Yeah, it's kind 70 00:04:39,880 --> 00:04:44,520 Speaker 1: of like a cool sunshine like yeah, I agree, I 71 00:04:44,520 --> 00:04:51,000 Speaker 1: think that again. Excellent job, Lauren. Um the dill plant 72 00:04:51,279 --> 00:04:55,599 Speaker 1: botanical name uh aneath them graviolins. I think let's go 73 00:04:55,680 --> 00:04:59,159 Speaker 1: with it. Yeah. Dill is a member of the Apiacea, 74 00:04:59,440 --> 00:05:03,600 Speaker 1: or carrot family, along with other herbs like parsley, caraway, 75 00:05:03,640 --> 00:05:06,839 Speaker 1: and fennel Um. Dill looks a lot like fennel from 76 00:05:06,880 --> 00:05:10,240 Speaker 1: the ground up. It grows these skinny stocks about one 77 00:05:10,240 --> 00:05:12,080 Speaker 1: to four ft tall, like a third of a meter 78 00:05:12,200 --> 00:05:14,920 Speaker 1: to a little bit over a meter, with these deep 79 00:05:14,920 --> 00:05:18,920 Speaker 1: bluish green leaves that grow in long, soft, fine needle 80 00:05:19,000 --> 00:05:22,800 Speaker 1: shapes in these big feathery clusters. Um, it'll flower with 81 00:05:22,880 --> 00:05:26,480 Speaker 1: these big firework bursts of tiny little yellow blooms, a 82 00:05:26,640 --> 00:05:29,520 Speaker 1: similar to carrot or fennel or Queen anne s lace 83 00:05:29,520 --> 00:05:32,599 Speaker 1: if you're familiar with that. If pollinated, dill will produce 84 00:05:32,720 --> 00:05:37,400 Speaker 1: these small, dry fruits, each of which contains a single seed. 85 00:05:37,960 --> 00:05:40,799 Speaker 1: The seeds could be used culinarily a whole or ground 86 00:05:41,000 --> 00:05:44,080 Speaker 1: to season any number of dishes, and the feathery leaves 87 00:05:44,080 --> 00:05:47,159 Speaker 1: are also used fresh or dried. However you use herbs, 88 00:05:47,440 --> 00:05:50,040 Speaker 1: fresh is generally preferred because you do lose a lot 89 00:05:50,080 --> 00:05:52,359 Speaker 1: of the flavor when you dry dill. So it's just 90 00:05:52,440 --> 00:05:58,680 Speaker 1: pretty m That flavor is both um herbal savory and 91 00:05:58,920 --> 00:06:02,080 Speaker 1: a little bitter or bracing, um, a little bit of 92 00:06:02,080 --> 00:06:05,280 Speaker 1: like licorice in there, um, a little bit lemony. Uh. 93 00:06:05,440 --> 00:06:08,320 Speaker 1: The seeds taste a little bit warmer. Um. The fresh 94 00:06:08,320 --> 00:06:11,599 Speaker 1: herb can have like a grassy, slightly sweet note to it. 95 00:06:12,560 --> 00:06:19,520 Speaker 1: Oh gosh, but I'm pretty sure the whole plant is edible, 96 00:06:19,560 --> 00:06:22,800 Speaker 1: like including the flowers. Dill plants do grow a wee 97 00:06:22,839 --> 00:06:25,520 Speaker 1: little tap root that looks it looks sort of like 98 00:06:25,520 --> 00:06:28,400 Speaker 1: a like a vampire got to an already anemic carrot. 99 00:06:28,880 --> 00:06:39,640 Speaker 1: Yeah yeah, nicula added again, damn you lar, but yeah yeah, 100 00:06:39,720 --> 00:06:43,400 Speaker 1: dill has just right, all kinds of savory applications. Um 101 00:06:43,480 --> 00:06:46,400 Speaker 1: in cuisines around the world. Um, you know, people put 102 00:06:46,440 --> 00:06:49,640 Speaker 1: it in meat or bean or fish dishes. UM, in 103 00:06:49,800 --> 00:06:54,000 Speaker 1: rice or potato or vegetable or salad dishes, in savory 104 00:06:54,040 --> 00:06:58,599 Speaker 1: pastries and breads, in dairy based sauces and dips. Um 105 00:06:58,640 --> 00:07:02,359 Speaker 1: it's great and pickling right. Uh, just just a sampling 106 00:07:02,440 --> 00:07:05,760 Speaker 1: of a few dishes that have dill as as sort 107 00:07:05,760 --> 00:07:11,080 Speaker 1: of a main flavor component. Swedish cured salmon, Greek stuffed 108 00:07:11,120 --> 00:07:15,160 Speaker 1: grape leaves and suziki sauce, some kinds of Eastern European 109 00:07:15,320 --> 00:07:19,720 Speaker 1: and or Russian borsched um, and some German style pickles. Yeah, 110 00:07:19,760 --> 00:07:24,160 Speaker 1: but right, dill pickles, whole separate, whole separate situation. Episode. 111 00:07:24,280 --> 00:07:30,120 Speaker 1: It's a similar situation. It's all kinds of things, to 112 00:07:30,280 --> 00:07:35,920 Speaker 1: be honest. Well, what about the nutrition. Uh, Dill seeds 113 00:07:35,920 --> 00:07:39,200 Speaker 1: and fronds are used as seasonings because they pack such 114 00:07:39,200 --> 00:07:42,040 Speaker 1: a big flavor punch, which means that like you're not 115 00:07:42,160 --> 00:07:45,200 Speaker 1: generally eating enough for them to have a very large 116 00:07:45,240 --> 00:07:48,120 Speaker 1: dietary impact, though, they are a great way to to 117 00:07:48,120 --> 00:07:50,520 Speaker 1: add flavor for a low caloric buck if that's something 118 00:07:50,560 --> 00:07:54,560 Speaker 1: that you're looking to do. And that being said, um 119 00:07:54,600 --> 00:07:57,160 Speaker 1: as we will get into in the history section pretty deeply. 120 00:07:57,520 --> 00:08:00,320 Speaker 1: Dill has been used medicinally to treat all kinds of 121 00:08:00,320 --> 00:08:04,120 Speaker 1: things for thousands of years, and it does indeed contain 122 00:08:04,200 --> 00:08:07,600 Speaker 1: a really good spread of vitamins and minerals and various 123 00:08:07,640 --> 00:08:12,680 Speaker 1: other micronutrients with antioxidant and anti microbial properties. So and 124 00:08:12,760 --> 00:08:17,160 Speaker 1: its extracts are under investigation for a number of potential 125 00:08:17,440 --> 00:08:23,080 Speaker 1: medicinal applications. But as always savor motto, you know, bodies 126 00:08:23,120 --> 00:08:27,600 Speaker 1: are complicated, more research is necessary before consuming a medicinal 127 00:08:27,640 --> 00:08:32,120 Speaker 1: amount of anything you should you should check with health 128 00:08:32,120 --> 00:08:35,880 Speaker 1: professional who is not us. I love this. I love 129 00:08:35,920 --> 00:08:39,360 Speaker 1: that it's become like the very tired version of the 130 00:08:39,480 --> 00:08:44,560 Speaker 1: like legal ease on any prescription commercial. You're just like, 131 00:08:49,720 --> 00:08:53,360 Speaker 1: I have to admit today, I'm a very tired version 132 00:08:53,960 --> 00:09:00,120 Speaker 1: of myself. So yes, you know it happens. I enjoy it. 133 00:09:00,400 --> 00:09:05,000 Speaker 1: I thought it was funny. Yeah yeah, So we have 134 00:09:05,600 --> 00:09:09,040 Speaker 1: kind of a number for you, man. This is one 135 00:09:09,080 --> 00:09:11,920 Speaker 1: of those things where I okay, so there is like 136 00:09:11,960 --> 00:09:18,079 Speaker 1: a huge global market for certainly dill seed and dill oil. 137 00:09:18,800 --> 00:09:21,199 Speaker 1: But it's one of the things that I couldn't access 138 00:09:21,320 --> 00:09:24,760 Speaker 1: the precise numbers to unless I paid thousands and thousands 139 00:09:24,800 --> 00:09:30,360 Speaker 1: of dollars for the market report, which I I wasn't 140 00:09:30,760 --> 00:09:37,200 Speaker 1: I honestly wasn't going to do ever. So so it's 141 00:09:37,280 --> 00:09:40,080 Speaker 1: it's grown and used fresh in a lot of places. 142 00:09:40,600 --> 00:09:42,840 Speaker 1: It's also processed for its seeds and its oils in 143 00:09:42,840 --> 00:09:47,000 Speaker 1: a lot of places. Furthermore, UM, I couldn't find any 144 00:09:47,000 --> 00:09:51,400 Speaker 1: deal specific festivals, but there are a bunch of dill 145 00:09:51,600 --> 00:09:57,439 Speaker 1: pickle festivals around the United States, many of which incorporate 146 00:09:57,559 --> 00:10:01,360 Speaker 1: a dill pun in their name, such as the Big Deal, 147 00:10:02,360 --> 00:10:10,160 Speaker 1: uh huh, and and just deal with It. And you 148 00:10:10,280 --> 00:10:14,480 Speaker 1: can look forward to many of those funds coming your way, Lauren, 149 00:10:14,520 --> 00:10:19,160 Speaker 1: I'm brainstorming for the title of this episode. I do, 150 00:10:19,440 --> 00:10:22,240 Speaker 1: in fact look forward to that deeply. That's plant to 151 00:10:22,280 --> 00:10:25,480 Speaker 1: be a very bright spark in my week. Yes, just 152 00:10:25,679 --> 00:10:27,840 Speaker 1: like a deal can add to all the kinds of 153 00:10:27,880 --> 00:10:32,200 Speaker 1: things people like to add it to ice cream. Um. 154 00:10:32,600 --> 00:10:36,480 Speaker 1: But yes, we've got quite a bit of history for you. 155 00:10:36,920 --> 00:10:39,040 Speaker 1: We do, and we are going to get into that 156 00:10:39,120 --> 00:10:40,760 Speaker 1: as soon as we get back from a quick break 157 00:10:40,800 --> 00:10:51,760 Speaker 1: for a word from our sponsors, and we're back. Thank 158 00:10:51,800 --> 00:10:56,840 Speaker 1: you sponsors, Yes, thank you. So deal's history it's a 159 00:10:56,840 --> 00:11:02,880 Speaker 1: bit of a mystery, but historians generally think it originated 160 00:11:02,960 --> 00:11:07,400 Speaker 1: in the Mediterranean and or Western Asia. The first known 161 00:11:07,440 --> 00:11:10,360 Speaker 1: written mention of dill comes out of an Egyptian medical 162 00:11:10,400 --> 00:11:14,640 Speaker 1: text from three thousand BC. Dial was grown in Babylonian 163 00:11:14,679 --> 00:11:18,679 Speaker 1: gardens by this time as well. According to some sources 164 00:11:18,720 --> 00:11:22,440 Speaker 1: I found, the ancient Egyptians might have also used it 165 00:11:23,000 --> 00:11:25,880 Speaker 1: like to keep which is in the like way? Um, 166 00:11:25,920 --> 00:11:32,880 Speaker 1: and also say it with me how as a yep, 167 00:11:34,880 --> 00:11:37,760 Speaker 1: I love it, I love it. Mark off that bingo card. 168 00:11:40,360 --> 00:11:43,319 Speaker 1: But I appreciate that this one is both which repellents 169 00:11:43,760 --> 00:11:49,320 Speaker 1: and aphrodisiac. Right, it's multifunctional. You don't want which is 170 00:11:49,360 --> 00:11:57,240 Speaker 1: bothering you when you want an aphrodisiac. How Wy. Dill 171 00:11:57,320 --> 00:11:59,400 Speaker 1: weed might have been seen as a sign of good 172 00:11:59,480 --> 00:12:03,400 Speaker 1: luck during first century CE Rome, and the ancient Egyptians 173 00:12:03,960 --> 00:12:07,319 Speaker 1: might have considered it as a symbol of wealth. Um. 174 00:12:07,400 --> 00:12:10,160 Speaker 1: They used dil and their scented oils, and the oil 175 00:12:10,240 --> 00:12:13,760 Speaker 1: was sometimes utilized in wine making. UH and the ancient 176 00:12:13,760 --> 00:12:17,200 Speaker 1: Egyptians were not the only ones by far who used 177 00:12:17,320 --> 00:12:24,600 Speaker 1: dil medicinally, and it was often used specifically for stomach issues. Um. 178 00:12:24,600 --> 00:12:26,240 Speaker 1: It was used for all kinds of things which gett 179 00:12:26,240 --> 00:12:28,120 Speaker 1: into for a minute, but a lot of stomach stuff, 180 00:12:28,160 --> 00:12:30,960 Speaker 1: like as an appetite suppressant. I called I thought it 181 00:12:31,000 --> 00:12:34,000 Speaker 1: called something really funny to me, like a basically like 182 00:12:34,040 --> 00:12:35,960 Speaker 1: you use it in public so your stomach won't grow 183 00:12:36,600 --> 00:12:41,400 Speaker 1: in public. Um, so it's called like a public quieting something. 184 00:12:43,160 --> 00:12:45,480 Speaker 1: But yes, it was used for that, and also for 185 00:12:45,520 --> 00:12:49,800 Speaker 1: freshening breath. Um. There is mentioned of something that is 186 00:12:49,840 --> 00:12:51,800 Speaker 1: probably dill in the Bible. There's a little bit of 187 00:12:51,840 --> 00:12:56,120 Speaker 1: a argument about what exactly, because it's a translation error. 188 00:12:56,160 --> 00:12:59,400 Speaker 1: Basically are those two different translations. One is dill and 189 00:12:59,440 --> 00:13:03,319 Speaker 1: one is like something that is not deal, But most 190 00:13:03,360 --> 00:13:08,400 Speaker 1: people seem to think it was dial anyway. Deus varieties 191 00:13:08,440 --> 00:13:12,880 Speaker 1: wrote about the healing power of scorched dill seeds, particularly 192 00:13:12,880 --> 00:13:16,120 Speaker 1: for wounded soldiers. Our plow plenty wrote about it too, 193 00:13:16,559 --> 00:13:20,839 Speaker 1: Um that among other things that could stayeth the hiccups 194 00:13:21,080 --> 00:13:23,280 Speaker 1: which I put, I put the hiccups. I know, I 195 00:13:23,320 --> 00:13:29,080 Speaker 1: love that hycops Um. It was called something else, but 196 00:13:29,120 --> 00:13:31,360 Speaker 1: I put the hiccups in because no one would have known. 197 00:13:31,400 --> 00:13:33,440 Speaker 1: I didn't know what it was, but it was. It 198 00:13:33,520 --> 00:13:37,680 Speaker 1: was a different word, but it was hiccups. Um. The 199 00:13:37,840 --> 00:13:41,640 Speaker 1: Romans used dill for their soldiers, and gladiators were fed 200 00:13:41,880 --> 00:13:45,720 Speaker 1: meals covered in dill and the hopes of boosting their courage. 201 00:13:47,240 --> 00:13:50,400 Speaker 1: But yeah, it has. Dill has been used to treat 202 00:13:50,920 --> 00:13:57,199 Speaker 1: all kinds of ailments. Um. An ancient Egyptian medical document 203 00:13:57,200 --> 00:14:00,200 Speaker 1: recommends it as a pain killer. The ancient Green makes 204 00:14:00,280 --> 00:14:03,000 Speaker 1: me have placed dill over their eyes as a sleep aide, 205 00:14:03,040 --> 00:14:08,240 Speaker 1: which I love. Um. I mean that sounds nice. Dill 206 00:14:08,320 --> 00:14:10,760 Speaker 1: water might have been used to soothe babies with colic, 207 00:14:11,000 --> 00:14:13,440 Speaker 1: and it was often prescribed for women who are breastfeeding. 208 00:14:13,960 --> 00:14:17,760 Speaker 1: Some accounts suggest that Charlemagne demanded that bottles of dill 209 00:14:17,840 --> 00:14:21,800 Speaker 1: oil were available at meals to combat hiccups or stomach 210 00:14:21,800 --> 00:14:25,160 Speaker 1: issues or stomach noises, particularly because he hated those. I 211 00:14:25,160 --> 00:14:31,800 Speaker 1: guess he really detested it. Um. Later, Herbalis Nicholas Culpepper 212 00:14:32,160 --> 00:14:36,920 Speaker 1: described dil as a tonic for the brain. So, yeah, 213 00:14:37,000 --> 00:14:40,920 Speaker 1: a lot of things, A lot of things. And then okay, 214 00:14:40,920 --> 00:14:43,640 Speaker 1: so I always a tad hesitant to include miss and 215 00:14:43,680 --> 00:14:46,120 Speaker 1: folklore from places and time periods that I don't really 216 00:14:46,160 --> 00:14:49,400 Speaker 1: have a lot of experience with um, just because a 217 00:14:49,400 --> 00:14:51,280 Speaker 1: lot of times I think it can I can only 218 00:14:51,320 --> 00:14:54,280 Speaker 1: find it in like one or two places. The details 219 00:14:54,280 --> 00:14:57,280 Speaker 1: are vague, UM, and I think there can sort of 220 00:14:57,320 --> 00:14:59,600 Speaker 1: be this vibe of like, look at this silly people 221 00:14:59,600 --> 00:15:02,520 Speaker 1: in there but leaves. Oh yes, those other people and 222 00:15:02,680 --> 00:15:07,800 Speaker 1: their ridiculous ideas. Let's buy in n f t um. Yeah, yeah, 223 00:15:07,800 --> 00:15:11,280 Speaker 1: exactly exactly. It's a little hard to explain, but UM, 224 00:15:11,320 --> 00:15:13,160 Speaker 1: I have to include a few of them around dill 225 00:15:13,240 --> 00:15:16,400 Speaker 1: that I found because they are quite fun and listeners. 226 00:15:16,440 --> 00:15:18,800 Speaker 1: If you have any more info, please let us know. 227 00:15:18,840 --> 00:15:22,000 Speaker 1: As always, and we do genuinely. We we love this stuff. 228 00:15:22,000 --> 00:15:25,600 Speaker 1: We genuinely love this stuff. UM. So we are not 229 00:15:25,760 --> 00:15:29,440 Speaker 1: making fun so much is sharing something grain of salts? 230 00:15:29,440 --> 00:15:34,200 Speaker 1: Also it's delightful. Yeah exactly exactly so, which is all right. 231 00:15:35,120 --> 00:15:40,880 Speaker 1: As mentioned, dill was often used to fend off witchcraft. 232 00:15:41,920 --> 00:15:44,960 Speaker 1: Historians think this might be because of the strong smell. 233 00:15:45,000 --> 00:15:48,200 Speaker 1: Perhaps um people might have hung it up around their 234 00:15:48,240 --> 00:15:51,480 Speaker 1: houses a wart and a charm, and they might have 235 00:15:51,520 --> 00:15:54,280 Speaker 1: thought that if you know they've been cursed, let's drink 236 00:15:54,320 --> 00:15:57,560 Speaker 1: this dill water and that would read you of the curse. However, 237 00:15:58,480 --> 00:16:02,040 Speaker 1: it was awesome belief that which is used dill in 238 00:16:02,160 --> 00:16:11,200 Speaker 1: their spills, So multifaceted again. Um aphrodisiacs also has mentioned earlier. 239 00:16:11,600 --> 00:16:15,080 Speaker 1: Some cultures thought that dil was an aphrodisiac, and as 240 00:16:15,080 --> 00:16:17,320 Speaker 1: an extension of that, they might have used it in 241 00:16:17,480 --> 00:16:22,800 Speaker 1: love potions. On top of that, yes, disbelieved connection to 242 00:16:22,960 --> 00:16:27,360 Speaker 1: love may have translated to some wedding ceremonies. So based 243 00:16:27,360 --> 00:16:29,640 Speaker 1: on this, I found this in two places. Um, some 244 00:16:29,800 --> 00:16:32,800 Speaker 1: European brides might have worn a sprig of dill and 245 00:16:32,920 --> 00:16:36,160 Speaker 1: or included them in their bouquets on their wedding day 246 00:16:36,280 --> 00:16:41,360 Speaker 1: to bless their marriage with happiness. But but on the 247 00:16:41,400 --> 00:16:44,320 Speaker 1: other hand, for a woman who wanted to be in 248 00:16:44,440 --> 00:16:48,400 Speaker 1: charge of the household, she might have secretly carried seeds 249 00:16:48,400 --> 00:16:51,640 Speaker 1: of mustard and dil to the wedding and say I 250 00:16:51,680 --> 00:16:54,560 Speaker 1: have you mustard and dill husband. When I speak you 251 00:16:54,640 --> 00:17:00,000 Speaker 1: stay still? Oh okay again, listeners if you know more 252 00:17:00,000 --> 00:17:01,280 Speaker 1: off this, Because I read that and I was like, 253 00:17:02,120 --> 00:17:06,720 Speaker 1: I don't know, it's interesting, I like it, but I 254 00:17:06,760 --> 00:17:10,080 Speaker 1: don't know. I think we have talked about that before 255 00:17:10,080 --> 00:17:12,359 Speaker 1: I can't it was another herb, So I guess that's 256 00:17:12,400 --> 00:17:17,720 Speaker 1: sort of a maybe it's a popular legend or maybe practice, 257 00:17:17,880 --> 00:17:19,879 Speaker 1: but of putting the thing in for the woman to 258 00:17:19,920 --> 00:17:25,840 Speaker 1: be the in charge of the household. Um. European monks 259 00:17:26,080 --> 00:17:28,680 Speaker 1: might have thought that dill would keep away the incubus 260 00:17:28,880 --> 00:17:31,520 Speaker 1: or male demons looking to pray on sleeping women as well. 261 00:17:32,680 --> 00:17:38,080 Speaker 1: So there's quite a few legends stories around ill which 262 00:17:38,240 --> 00:17:43,080 Speaker 1: I enjoy. Um. And Yeah, because dill was prized in Europe, 263 00:17:43,600 --> 00:17:46,480 Speaker 1: as we move out of our kind of miss not 264 00:17:46,480 --> 00:17:53,320 Speaker 1: not just for which is and incuby, etcetera, exactly, I 265 00:17:53,400 --> 00:17:57,399 Speaker 1: love that which is incuby, etcetera. Uh No, it was 266 00:17:57,480 --> 00:18:00,800 Speaker 1: quite prized um and in Europe. Because of that, it 267 00:18:00,880 --> 00:18:04,160 Speaker 1: was often the subject of taxation and or tithing, although 268 00:18:04,160 --> 00:18:06,119 Speaker 1: I believe that mentioned in the Bible was about tithing 269 00:18:06,240 --> 00:18:09,920 Speaker 1: using deals um and tithing but um. Edward the First 270 00:18:09,960 --> 00:18:13,199 Speaker 1: of England, for instance, he needed money to repair the 271 00:18:13,280 --> 00:18:16,680 Speaker 1: London Bridge during the late twelve hundred's and early undreds. 272 00:18:16,680 --> 00:18:19,600 Speaker 1: Somewhere in there, um he implemented a few initiatives to 273 00:18:19,640 --> 00:18:23,040 Speaker 1: fund these repairs, including a tax on dill and other 274 00:18:23,080 --> 00:18:26,920 Speaker 1: spices and herbs, which One of the fun things about 275 00:18:26,920 --> 00:18:28,360 Speaker 1: this show is I feel like I know a lot 276 00:18:28,400 --> 00:18:30,560 Speaker 1: more about like old timey taxes now, but I feel 277 00:18:30,560 --> 00:18:35,000 Speaker 1: like we've talked about this before. I think we have. 278 00:18:35,720 --> 00:18:39,360 Speaker 1: Dil was a popular urban England in the seventeenth century, 279 00:18:39,800 --> 00:18:42,480 Speaker 1: and it was a staple of many kitchen gardens. When 280 00:18:42,560 --> 00:18:45,960 Speaker 1: Eastern Europeans arrived to America in the sixteen and seventeen hundreds, 281 00:18:45,960 --> 00:18:48,680 Speaker 1: they brought their recipes with them. Many of these recipes 282 00:18:48,720 --> 00:18:53,760 Speaker 1: incorporated dil and yes um. As I said, for a 283 00:18:53,760 --> 00:18:57,600 Speaker 1: lot of our history, it's almost impossible to separate dill 284 00:18:57,680 --> 00:19:03,240 Speaker 1: from pickles, especially when you're a food podcaster googling it. 285 00:19:03,840 --> 00:19:08,000 Speaker 1: But you can see your pickle episode for a lot 286 00:19:08,000 --> 00:19:11,480 Speaker 1: more information. But very very briefly, um pickles, at their 287 00:19:11,560 --> 00:19:16,560 Speaker 1: simplest are brind fruits and vegetables. They've been around since 288 00:19:16,600 --> 00:19:19,960 Speaker 1: ancient times. Um. They start popping up in the written 289 00:19:19,960 --> 00:19:23,920 Speaker 1: record around when Bill does UM, and Bill probably showed 290 00:19:24,000 --> 00:19:27,320 Speaker 1: up in the mix four pickles pretty early on. Pickles 291 00:19:27,359 --> 00:19:29,879 Speaker 1: often made with bill or a staple for Jewish people 292 00:19:30,000 --> 00:19:33,119 Speaker 1: in Eastern Europe, and when many of them immigrated to 293 00:19:33,160 --> 00:19:35,760 Speaker 1: the US in the eighteen and nineteen hundreds, they introduced 294 00:19:35,760 --> 00:19:38,119 Speaker 1: these pickles to the country are localized areas in the 295 00:19:38,160 --> 00:19:41,280 Speaker 1: country at least um on a larger scale, and to 296 00:19:41,359 --> 00:19:44,600 Speaker 1: this day, Dale pickles is what comes to mind for 297 00:19:44,640 --> 00:19:47,960 Speaker 1: a lot of Americans when they think about pickles. Um. 298 00:19:48,040 --> 00:19:52,800 Speaker 1: So yes, a big deal indeed. Um. And I will say, like, 299 00:19:52,840 --> 00:19:55,800 Speaker 1: this was one there wasn't that much on it, And 300 00:19:55,840 --> 00:19:57,600 Speaker 1: I couldn't tell this because it's one of those things 301 00:19:57,640 --> 00:20:01,359 Speaker 1: that people just were it is around and they didn't 302 00:20:01,440 --> 00:20:04,879 Speaker 1: write about it that much. Um. But I do know 303 00:20:05,000 --> 00:20:06,639 Speaker 1: for a fact like this was a very kind of 304 00:20:06,680 --> 00:20:10,960 Speaker 1: Western European look at dill. And so there's a lot missing. 305 00:20:11,119 --> 00:20:15,920 Speaker 1: So again, listeners, if you have any information resources, stories, 306 00:20:16,280 --> 00:20:19,800 Speaker 1: please let us know. Yeah. I think that with a 307 00:20:19,800 --> 00:20:22,120 Speaker 1: lot of these herbs, part of the reason that it's 308 00:20:22,240 --> 00:20:25,480 Speaker 1: hard to dig up historical information about them is that 309 00:20:25,520 --> 00:20:29,640 Speaker 1: they were so common and so so easily moved around. 310 00:20:29,720 --> 00:20:32,040 Speaker 1: You know, the seeds are portable, and so when people moved, 311 00:20:32,040 --> 00:20:35,000 Speaker 1: they moved with the seeds, and so therefore they made 312 00:20:35,000 --> 00:20:38,000 Speaker 1: their way into all of these different cuisines and through 313 00:20:38,000 --> 00:20:41,280 Speaker 1: all of these different trade routes. And because the people, 314 00:20:41,840 --> 00:20:46,720 Speaker 1: in the case of English language histories writing about them, 315 00:20:46,760 --> 00:20:50,639 Speaker 1: you know, they didn't come from some exotic place. Um, 316 00:20:50,680 --> 00:20:55,400 Speaker 1: they just came from Europe. So therefore we weren't bowled 317 00:20:55,400 --> 00:20:58,960 Speaker 1: over by them like we were by say, cinnamon, um. Right, 318 00:20:59,359 --> 00:21:04,800 Speaker 1: and so without that boost of exoticism, it was just like, oh, 319 00:21:04,880 --> 00:21:06,919 Speaker 1: yeah it's ill. It's still is everywhere cool. Yeah, I 320 00:21:06,920 --> 00:21:10,320 Speaker 1: don't need to write about that, it's just still yeah. Yeah. 321 00:21:10,480 --> 00:21:12,320 Speaker 1: I mean I didn't really look into it, but because 322 00:21:12,359 --> 00:21:14,480 Speaker 1: it's called dill weed, I did assume like it must 323 00:21:14,480 --> 00:21:18,800 Speaker 1: have been pretty like yeah, yeah, there it is. Um. 324 00:21:18,840 --> 00:21:22,480 Speaker 1: And also like, no joke, it was so much of 325 00:21:22,480 --> 00:21:25,800 Speaker 1: the results when I was searching, we're about pickles. So 326 00:21:25,840 --> 00:21:28,600 Speaker 1: I think that makes it a bit difficult as well, 327 00:21:28,600 --> 00:21:31,199 Speaker 1: because people are more excited to write about pickles, I 328 00:21:31,200 --> 00:21:37,080 Speaker 1: guess about dill least that was my experience. Yeah, and 329 00:21:37,080 --> 00:21:41,000 Speaker 1: and yeah, it's for sure right, it's it's incorporated in 330 00:21:41,040 --> 00:21:43,919 Speaker 1: so many different cuisines. Um. Please please, if you have 331 00:21:44,119 --> 00:21:48,360 Speaker 1: a recipe from your neck of the world that incorporates 332 00:21:48,400 --> 00:21:53,240 Speaker 1: still seeds or fresh still, let us know yes, yes, es, yes, 333 00:21:54,240 --> 00:21:57,239 Speaker 1: but all right. I think that brings us to the 334 00:21:57,359 --> 00:21:59,720 Speaker 1: end of what we have to say about dil for now. 335 00:22:00,280 --> 00:22:03,120 Speaker 1: It does. We do have some listener mail for you, though, 336 00:22:03,160 --> 00:22:04,639 Speaker 1: and we are going to get into that as soon 337 00:22:04,680 --> 00:22:06,280 Speaker 1: as we get back from one more quick break for 338 00:22:06,280 --> 00:22:18,080 Speaker 1: a word from our sponsors, and we're back. Thank you, sponsor, Yes, 339 00:22:18,160 --> 00:22:28,320 Speaker 1: thank you, and we're back with listen like the Falling 340 00:22:28,359 --> 00:22:36,960 Speaker 1: of the Leaves. Yes, Um, Barbie Root. I just finished 341 00:22:37,000 --> 00:22:38,840 Speaker 1: listening to another podcast with the two of you talking 342 00:22:38,880 --> 00:22:40,639 Speaker 1: about fictional foods in the show I've Never Heard Of. 343 00:22:41,440 --> 00:22:44,920 Speaker 1: Got me wondering why there's not an episode about any 344 00:22:44,920 --> 00:22:47,719 Speaker 1: of the fictional food that is my world. The obvious 345 00:22:47,760 --> 00:22:49,520 Speaker 1: answer is that I am a reader rather than a 346 00:22:49,520 --> 00:22:53,320 Speaker 1: watcher of TV or film. One of my favorite fictional 347 00:22:53,359 --> 00:22:57,959 Speaker 1: foods is from Sue Grafton's novels about private investigator Kinsey Milhone. 348 00:22:58,880 --> 00:23:00,840 Speaker 1: Kinsey is too busy to eat much food at her 349 00:23:00,840 --> 00:23:03,080 Speaker 1: house and frequently comes home late at night, and her 350 00:23:03,119 --> 00:23:06,600 Speaker 1: only choice is a peanut, butter and pickle sandwich made 351 00:23:06,600 --> 00:23:10,520 Speaker 1: with chunky peanut butter and bread and butter pickles. Since 352 00:23:10,640 --> 00:23:13,240 Speaker 1: I keep neither of those items or bread at my house, 353 00:23:13,560 --> 00:23:16,320 Speaker 1: it is always a fantasy for me to have one. 354 00:23:16,920 --> 00:23:19,080 Speaker 1: I love that you can talk about things totally unknown 355 00:23:19,160 --> 00:23:22,480 Speaker 1: to me and make them so much fun. Well, that's 356 00:23:22,480 --> 00:23:24,520 Speaker 1: good to know. I know, I know you've written in 357 00:23:24,520 --> 00:23:27,400 Speaker 1: about that before, and it continues to be a relief 358 00:23:29,480 --> 00:23:32,639 Speaker 1: because we do get so excited about those episodes, and 359 00:23:32,800 --> 00:23:34,560 Speaker 1: I mean we joke about it when we do them, 360 00:23:34,560 --> 00:23:36,280 Speaker 1: but we're always like, who if you don't know what 361 00:23:36,280 --> 00:23:39,120 Speaker 1: we're talking about, I don't know that this makes anything. Yeah, 362 00:23:40,960 --> 00:23:43,600 Speaker 1: oh yeah, although I don't know, man, there there's any 363 00:23:43,680 --> 00:23:48,080 Speaker 1: number of topics that we go into about real foods 364 00:23:48,280 --> 00:23:50,840 Speaker 1: in the real world that that one or both of 365 00:23:50,920 --> 00:23:54,800 Speaker 1: us have very little experience with. That We're like, oh, 366 00:23:54,840 --> 00:23:58,680 Speaker 1: this could be anything, like what truth? That is very 367 00:23:58,760 --> 00:24:02,359 Speaker 1: very true. Um. But also I've never heard of this. 368 00:24:02,520 --> 00:24:06,720 Speaker 1: I've never heard of this particular fictional property. But the 369 00:24:06,760 --> 00:24:11,159 Speaker 1: peanut butter and pickle sandwich I have heard of. Tried 370 00:24:11,840 --> 00:24:15,439 Speaker 1: it was pretty good. Did we did we make one it? 371 00:24:15,520 --> 00:24:20,760 Speaker 1: Or was that a we did mayo peanut butter pickle. Yeah, 372 00:24:20,840 --> 00:24:22,560 Speaker 1: and I wasn't happy about the mayo part. But the 373 00:24:22,840 --> 00:24:25,520 Speaker 1: pickle peanut butter I get. I get that. Yeah, salty 374 00:24:25,520 --> 00:24:28,640 Speaker 1: and sweet, it's delicious. Yeah, yeah, but I love that. 375 00:24:28,640 --> 00:24:32,600 Speaker 1: That's like a I didn't know to me that kind 376 00:24:32,600 --> 00:24:35,640 Speaker 1: of came out of the internet. A couple of years ago. 377 00:24:35,680 --> 00:24:37,400 Speaker 1: I like that it's included in this and that it's 378 00:24:37,400 --> 00:24:42,600 Speaker 1: also kind of a fantasy for you items. M hm 379 00:24:43,560 --> 00:24:46,600 Speaker 1: should add it to the list. Yeah, bread and butter pickles. 380 00:24:46,720 --> 00:24:48,600 Speaker 1: I've been thinking about dill pickles all episode, and now 381 00:24:48,600 --> 00:24:52,280 Speaker 1: I'm like, oh, but bread and butter pickles. Yeah, people 382 00:24:52,320 --> 00:24:56,000 Speaker 1: have their pickle preferences, that is for sure. Oh yeah, 383 00:24:56,400 --> 00:25:02,800 Speaker 1: it's like okay anyway, anyway, uh, Julia wrote growing up 384 00:25:02,800 --> 00:25:06,159 Speaker 1: in St. Petersburg, I remember constantly going to Tampa for 385 00:25:06,200 --> 00:25:09,840 Speaker 1: authentic Cubans, Cuban sandwiches, that is, and there were so 386 00:25:09,880 --> 00:25:13,840 Speaker 1: many old, well established sandwich shops using La Segunda bread 387 00:25:13,920 --> 00:25:17,280 Speaker 1: and making an amazing traditional Cuban sandwich. I never even 388 00:25:17,400 --> 00:25:19,679 Speaker 1: new Miami tried to pretend it had something to do 389 00:25:19,720 --> 00:25:22,960 Speaker 1: with it until I was older, and I immediately recognized 390 00:25:23,000 --> 00:25:27,840 Speaker 1: it as hogwash. While it is less prominent now, the 391 00:25:27,880 --> 00:25:30,880 Speaker 1: Tampa Bay area was awash in Cuban culture and cuisine. 392 00:25:31,359 --> 00:25:33,760 Speaker 1: Most of the coffee shops sold Cuban coffee, and many 393 00:25:33,800 --> 00:25:37,000 Speaker 1: of the pastries were Cuban derived. I distinctly remember the 394 00:25:37,000 --> 00:25:39,720 Speaker 1: difference between my mom's American style sugar cookies and the 395 00:25:39,800 --> 00:25:42,320 Speaker 1: amazing Cuban style sugar cookies we would get at the 396 00:25:42,320 --> 00:25:45,159 Speaker 1: beach or went out and about Cuban sugar cookies have 397 00:25:45,240 --> 00:25:48,600 Speaker 1: this wonderful, crunchy sandy top layer that's just so text 398 00:25:48,600 --> 00:25:52,200 Speaker 1: really exciting, and I'm getting nostalgic thinking about it. While 399 00:25:52,200 --> 00:25:55,280 Speaker 1: Albertson's is no longer in Florida, I distinctly remember that 400 00:25:55,320 --> 00:25:58,440 Speaker 1: they had big hot cases full of fresh baked Cuban 401 00:25:58,480 --> 00:26:01,359 Speaker 1: bread by the registers, and I later learned it's normally 402 00:26:01,400 --> 00:26:04,480 Speaker 1: French bread. Seeing how much Cuban histories in the area, 403 00:26:04,600 --> 00:26:08,560 Speaker 1: I can't imagine anyone believing swampy Miami could have created 404 00:26:08,600 --> 00:26:12,520 Speaker 1: this sandwich. I think the news media willingly printing such 405 00:26:12,600 --> 00:26:16,199 Speaker 1: blatant lies helped a road the public trust in the media. 406 00:26:16,680 --> 00:26:20,280 Speaker 1: The idea of fake news was born in Miami when 407 00:26:20,359 --> 00:26:24,040 Speaker 1: they tried to steal a classic Tampa sandwich and claim 408 00:26:24,040 --> 00:26:30,920 Speaker 1: it as their own strong opinions. I think some people 409 00:26:30,960 --> 00:26:34,240 Speaker 1: have written about this recently, because there was an article 410 00:26:34,760 --> 00:26:38,960 Speaker 1: that got published about this whole thing pretty pretty recently, 411 00:26:39,520 --> 00:26:43,560 Speaker 1: And I love it. You all are like, no, wait 412 00:26:43,600 --> 00:26:50,800 Speaker 1: a minute, it's so great, it's so great, that's wonderful. Yeah, 413 00:26:50,840 --> 00:26:55,040 Speaker 1: I love um. There's one of the like office park 414 00:26:55,160 --> 00:26:58,160 Speaker 1: food courts that I went to recently by our new 415 00:26:58,200 --> 00:27:03,199 Speaker 1: offices has a Cuban sandwich place and they offer like 416 00:27:03,240 --> 00:27:06,080 Speaker 1: a sandwich press place, and they've got two varieties of 417 00:27:06,119 --> 00:27:09,560 Speaker 1: the Cuban, the Miami variety and the Tampa variety, And 418 00:27:09,720 --> 00:27:13,000 Speaker 1: I adore, I adore that they're not even choosing. They're 419 00:27:13,040 --> 00:27:14,840 Speaker 1: just like, look y'all, like like order what you want, 420 00:27:15,080 --> 00:27:18,879 Speaker 1: Like yeah, but that's essentially us. In that episode, we 421 00:27:18,920 --> 00:27:23,040 Speaker 1: did Cuban Sandwich in an actual shot form where we're 422 00:27:23,080 --> 00:27:26,800 Speaker 1: just like raising your hands up, backing away what you want. 423 00:27:26,880 --> 00:27:28,159 Speaker 1: I'm not going to tell you. I'm not going to 424 00:27:28,240 --> 00:27:35,280 Speaker 1: tell you know, it's fantastic. Oh my gosh. Yes, well 425 00:27:35,440 --> 00:27:38,639 Speaker 1: definitely check out that episode if if like the fictional 426 00:27:38,680 --> 00:27:40,720 Speaker 1: food you're listening to this and aren't entirely sure we're 427 00:27:40,720 --> 00:27:42,720 Speaker 1: talking about because we talked about it in Cuban Sandwich 428 00:27:42,760 --> 00:27:47,680 Speaker 1: episode and length, but yes, thanks to both of these 429 00:27:47,720 --> 00:27:50,280 Speaker 1: listeners of her writing in If you would like to 430 00:27:50,320 --> 00:27:53,520 Speaker 1: write to us, you can our email as hello at 431 00:27:53,560 --> 00:27:56,359 Speaker 1: savor pot dot com. You can also find us on 432 00:27:56,400 --> 00:28:00,480 Speaker 1: social media. We are on Facebook, Instagram, and Twitter at 433 00:28:00,920 --> 00:28:03,520 Speaker 1: savor pod and we do hope to hear from you. 434 00:28:03,920 --> 00:28:06,400 Speaker 1: Savor is production of I heart Radio. For more podcasts 435 00:28:06,400 --> 00:28:08,080 Speaker 1: from my heart Radio, you can visit the i heart 436 00:28:08,119 --> 00:28:10,919 Speaker 1: Radio app, Apple Podcasts, or wherever you listen to your 437 00:28:10,920 --> 00:28:13,920 Speaker 1: favorite shows. Thanks as always to our super producers Dylan 438 00:28:14,000 --> 00:28:16,639 Speaker 1: Fagin and Andrew Howard. Thanks to you for listening, and 439 00:28:16,680 --> 00:28:18,439 Speaker 1: we hope that lots more good things are coming your 440 00:28:18,480 --> 00:28:27,880 Speaker 1: way