1 00:00:00,320 --> 00:00:02,880 Speaker 1: Brought to you by the reinvented two thousand twelve camera. 2 00:00:03,200 --> 00:00:08,760 Speaker 1: It's ready. Are you get in touch with technology with 3 00:00:08,920 --> 00:00:12,880 Speaker 1: tech Stuff from how stuff works dot Com. Join Josh 4 00:00:12,880 --> 00:00:15,280 Speaker 1: and Chuck, the guys who bring you stuff you should know, 5 00:00:15,600 --> 00:00:17,680 Speaker 1: as they take a trip around the world to help 6 00:00:17,720 --> 00:00:20,720 Speaker 1: you get smarter in a topsy CHRV economy. Check out 7 00:00:20,760 --> 00:00:23,439 Speaker 1: the all new super Stuff Guide to the Economy from 8 00:00:23,440 --> 00:00:27,280 Speaker 1: how stuff Works dot Com, available now exclusively on iTunes. 9 00:00:29,480 --> 00:00:31,920 Speaker 1: Hello there, everybody, and welcome to tech Stuff. My name 10 00:00:31,960 --> 00:00:34,400 Speaker 1: is Chris Pollette. I'm an editor here at how stuff 11 00:00:34,400 --> 00:00:36,480 Speaker 1: works dot com and sitting next to me as usual 12 00:00:36,560 --> 00:00:43,040 Speaker 1: as senior writer Jonathan Strijour though, Hey, and uh so 13 00:00:43,120 --> 00:00:47,560 Speaker 1: today we're gonna be talking about bit torrent, yes, which 14 00:00:47,760 --> 00:00:50,440 Speaker 1: has been in the news recently at the time of 15 00:00:50,640 --> 00:00:54,360 Speaker 1: the recording of this podcast because of a tracker site 16 00:00:54,400 --> 00:00:58,880 Speaker 1: called the Pirate Bay, which underwent a trial and got 17 00:00:58,880 --> 00:01:01,640 Speaker 1: a guilty verdict. And uh we'll get into that a 18 00:01:01,680 --> 00:01:04,039 Speaker 1: little bit later. I guess really what we should do first, 19 00:01:04,480 --> 00:01:07,520 Speaker 1: it's kind of just give you guys an explanation of 20 00:01:07,560 --> 00:01:11,320 Speaker 1: what bit torrent is and how it works. Um so, 21 00:01:11,440 --> 00:01:14,440 Speaker 1: really it's it's a file distribution method right, yep. As 22 00:01:14,480 --> 00:01:17,399 Speaker 1: a matter of fact, it's it's in some ways very 23 00:01:17,400 --> 00:01:20,520 Speaker 1: similar to a lot of other file sharing protocols that 24 00:01:20,560 --> 00:01:23,640 Speaker 1: have been used in the past, like nat Ella and 25 00:01:23,840 --> 00:01:27,520 Speaker 1: the old style napsture. But in other ways, Yeah, but 26 00:01:27,560 --> 00:01:31,119 Speaker 1: in other ways it's not right. So let's uh, let's 27 00:01:31,160 --> 00:01:33,760 Speaker 1: let's take baby steps here. Let's go with the way 28 00:01:34,760 --> 00:01:38,800 Speaker 1: downloading something off the internet usually works in the traditional sense. 29 00:01:39,440 --> 00:01:41,880 Speaker 1: So and the Internet, you know, think of you've got 30 00:01:41,920 --> 00:01:45,000 Speaker 1: your your servers, and you've got your clients. You're using 31 00:01:45,000 --> 00:01:48,200 Speaker 1: a computer that's a client, and you're trying to access 32 00:01:48,240 --> 00:01:51,800 Speaker 1: a file that lives on a server. And so you 33 00:01:51,880 --> 00:01:54,400 Speaker 1: send out a message from your clients saying I want 34 00:01:54,440 --> 00:01:58,040 Speaker 1: this file, and the server responds with oki doki, I'll 35 00:01:58,040 --> 00:02:01,200 Speaker 1: send it all over and starts shooting that file over 36 00:02:01,240 --> 00:02:04,560 Speaker 1: to you in little bity packets. And uh, depending on 37 00:02:04,720 --> 00:02:08,880 Speaker 1: how busy that server is, how busy the the the 38 00:02:08,960 --> 00:02:12,760 Speaker 1: lines are really between your house and that server, uh, 39 00:02:12,800 --> 00:02:15,560 Speaker 1: and several other factors, it may take a really long 40 00:02:15,600 --> 00:02:19,200 Speaker 1: time to download that file. Um. If you don't have 41 00:02:19,240 --> 00:02:23,079 Speaker 1: broadband internet access, it's gonna take a lot longer. If 42 00:02:23,120 --> 00:02:26,639 Speaker 1: you have DSL, that'll take you know, a shorter amount 43 00:02:26,639 --> 00:02:30,680 Speaker 1: of time, and cable generally even shorter um all depends 44 00:02:30,680 --> 00:02:34,440 Speaker 1: on again, your your individual service. At any rate, you're 45 00:02:34,480 --> 00:02:38,160 Speaker 1: downloading that from that one single source, and if anything 46 00:02:38,160 --> 00:02:40,520 Speaker 1: happens to that source while you're downloading, that's gonna put 47 00:02:40,560 --> 00:02:44,840 Speaker 1: a hold on the download. So that's your your traditional method. 48 00:02:44,880 --> 00:02:46,800 Speaker 1: You've got the one source, and you've got a lot 49 00:02:46,840 --> 00:02:50,359 Speaker 1: of different clients all uh contacting that source to get 50 00:02:50,520 --> 00:02:54,440 Speaker 1: hold of that information. That's right, sort of like uh, 51 00:02:54,560 --> 00:02:57,959 Speaker 1: a little while ago, earlier this year, when Microsoft made 52 00:02:57,960 --> 00:03:01,720 Speaker 1: it's a Windows seven beta available for down load, they said, well, 53 00:03:01,800 --> 00:03:04,560 Speaker 1: you have until this time to get your hands on 54 00:03:04,560 --> 00:03:08,440 Speaker 1: the download, and then everybody did and you couldn't get through, 55 00:03:08,480 --> 00:03:10,080 Speaker 1: and it was it was sort of like trying to 56 00:03:10,120 --> 00:03:12,880 Speaker 1: call for a contest line in a radio station busy 57 00:03:12,919 --> 00:03:15,799 Speaker 1: signals saying sorry, we don't have any more of those 58 00:03:15,880 --> 00:03:18,160 Speaker 1: right at the moment. Please wait. That's actually a really 59 00:03:18,160 --> 00:03:21,840 Speaker 1: really apt comparison, which amazes me just as much as 60 00:03:21,840 --> 00:03:24,959 Speaker 1: it amazes all of you. Hey, I'm just kidding. I'm 61 00:03:25,000 --> 00:03:29,200 Speaker 1: just kidding. I'm not feeling well, that's all. I'm just sniping, 62 00:03:29,280 --> 00:03:32,079 Speaker 1: is what I'm doing. Alright, So anyway. The but no, 63 00:03:32,240 --> 00:03:35,200 Speaker 1: that is that is the case. If you could um uh, 64 00:03:35,720 --> 00:03:38,840 Speaker 1: if you had any sort of service where it was 65 00:03:39,640 --> 00:03:42,600 Speaker 1: one server or a bank of servers that all had 66 00:03:42,640 --> 00:03:45,320 Speaker 1: this information on it and that was it, then yeah, 67 00:03:45,600 --> 00:03:48,760 Speaker 1: you can get overloaded very quickly. But file sharing, the 68 00:03:48,760 --> 00:03:53,040 Speaker 1: way this model works is that you have files existing 69 00:03:53,080 --> 00:03:58,000 Speaker 1: on other computers and instead of grabbing the file from 70 00:03:58,040 --> 00:04:01,040 Speaker 1: one single server, you're grabbing bits of the file from 71 00:04:01,120 --> 00:04:04,480 Speaker 1: various other computers, uh and then putting it together on 72 00:04:04,520 --> 00:04:07,200 Speaker 1: your computer. Actually you're not doing this, a client is 73 00:04:07,240 --> 00:04:11,360 Speaker 1: doing this for you. Um and uh. And then ultimately 74 00:04:11,640 --> 00:04:15,320 Speaker 1: you get the file all in one piece and um, 75 00:04:15,360 --> 00:04:18,320 Speaker 1: because you're grabbing bits and pieces from different computers all 76 00:04:18,320 --> 00:04:20,960 Speaker 1: at the same time, you're actually downloading different parts of 77 00:04:21,000 --> 00:04:25,679 Speaker 1: the file uh simultaneously, and you can get that file 78 00:04:25,839 --> 00:04:31,120 Speaker 1: very very quickly ult speaking. Well, yeah, that's true, that's true. Um. 79 00:04:31,160 --> 00:04:35,520 Speaker 1: Of course, with all the file sharing going on right now, um, 80 00:04:35,560 --> 00:04:39,200 Speaker 1: with things like music and movies and TV programs, uh, 81 00:04:39,320 --> 00:04:41,080 Speaker 1: that would make it pretty easy to track you if 82 00:04:41,120 --> 00:04:43,440 Speaker 1: you went by the normal method. I mean, if somebody 83 00:04:43,480 --> 00:04:44,920 Speaker 1: like the r I A A or m P A 84 00:04:45,000 --> 00:04:48,000 Speaker 1: A were wanting to find the source of the downloads 85 00:04:48,000 --> 00:04:51,200 Speaker 1: and and uh come after you with a lawsuit. Um, 86 00:04:51,240 --> 00:04:53,080 Speaker 1: that would make it very easy, which is why some 87 00:04:53,240 --> 00:04:57,520 Speaker 1: of the newer file sharing protocols have sort of helped 88 00:04:57,600 --> 00:05:01,880 Speaker 1: money the waters a little bit by spreading out the downloads. Yes, um, 89 00:05:01,920 --> 00:05:05,799 Speaker 1: you know in a distributed network. Right, so let's say 90 00:05:06,120 --> 00:05:09,360 Speaker 1: you're looking at well, let's let's look at bit torrents specifically. 91 00:05:10,160 --> 00:05:14,760 Speaker 1: Unlike other file sharing services, you're using a a an 92 00:05:14,800 --> 00:05:20,760 Speaker 1: application that is specifically designed to UM download torrents. You've 93 00:05:21,000 --> 00:05:23,520 Speaker 1: you tell it where to find these files, or you 94 00:05:23,800 --> 00:05:26,520 Speaker 1: might have a search engine connected to it, or you 95 00:05:26,560 --> 00:05:29,560 Speaker 1: may go to a torrent tracking site to kind of 96 00:05:29,600 --> 00:05:32,279 Speaker 1: get pointed in the right direction. You select the file 97 00:05:32,360 --> 00:05:34,640 Speaker 1: you want, and then the you know, you're a little 98 00:05:34,640 --> 00:05:37,279 Speaker 1: client does all the rest of the work. Um, you're 99 00:05:37,360 --> 00:05:41,320 Speaker 1: bypassing the whole web browser model. You're not you're not 100 00:05:41,360 --> 00:05:46,560 Speaker 1: downloading that way, and you're You've got two different kinds 101 00:05:46,600 --> 00:05:50,240 Speaker 1: of of sort of a computers I guess you could 102 00:05:50,279 --> 00:05:52,800 Speaker 1: call them, um, that are involved in this system. You've 103 00:05:52,800 --> 00:05:56,080 Speaker 1: got your seeds, which are computers that have the full 104 00:05:56,120 --> 00:05:59,719 Speaker 1: file from start to finish and are making it available 105 00:05:59,720 --> 00:06:03,760 Speaker 1: for download for anyone using this particular service, this a 106 00:06:03,800 --> 00:06:07,720 Speaker 1: bit torrent service. Uh. And then you have peers, which 107 00:06:07,800 --> 00:06:10,920 Speaker 1: are the computers that are attempting to download this file 108 00:06:11,000 --> 00:06:15,520 Speaker 1: and are somewhere along the spectrum of of completion. So 109 00:06:15,600 --> 00:06:17,719 Speaker 1: they may have just started, they may be almost finished, 110 00:06:18,040 --> 00:06:20,839 Speaker 1: but if they don't have the full file, they're just 111 00:06:20,920 --> 00:06:25,320 Speaker 1: appear they're not a seed yet. Now, as you complete 112 00:06:25,360 --> 00:06:28,640 Speaker 1: your download, you can switch from being a peer to 113 00:06:28,680 --> 00:06:30,640 Speaker 1: a seat if you choose, you can. You can say, 114 00:06:30,720 --> 00:06:32,880 Speaker 1: you know what, I got my file. I'm glad I've 115 00:06:32,880 --> 00:06:34,760 Speaker 1: got it, but I'm gonna let other people try and 116 00:06:34,800 --> 00:06:36,440 Speaker 1: get this file for a while too, So I'm just 117 00:06:36,480 --> 00:06:39,480 Speaker 1: gonna let it stay active. And Uh. That way people 118 00:06:39,520 --> 00:06:42,279 Speaker 1: can go ahead and grab it and and you know, 119 00:06:42,320 --> 00:06:45,480 Speaker 1: I'll help out people the way people helped me out. 120 00:06:46,040 --> 00:06:49,200 Speaker 1: And and the more people do that, the faster these 121 00:06:49,240 --> 00:06:52,880 Speaker 1: files can can distribute across a network, and it almost 122 00:06:52,880 --> 00:06:56,680 Speaker 1: spreads viral e And Uh, there's nothing illegal about this 123 00:06:56,760 --> 00:06:59,159 Speaker 1: method of file distribution. It's just a way of getting 124 00:06:59,200 --> 00:07:04,160 Speaker 1: information from one computer or really several computers to other computers. 125 00:07:04,800 --> 00:07:08,520 Speaker 1: There's nothing wrong about that. There are problems when people 126 00:07:08,680 --> 00:07:12,840 Speaker 1: use this to distribute material that's under copyright. Oh, we're 127 00:07:12,880 --> 00:07:15,120 Speaker 1: back to that. Well, eventually, we're gonna have to get 128 00:07:15,160 --> 00:07:16,720 Speaker 1: back to it. We don't have to go right to 129 00:07:16,760 --> 00:07:18,680 Speaker 1: it right at this moment. But but a lot of 130 00:07:18,680 --> 00:07:22,360 Speaker 1: people assume that bit torrent equals illegal, and that is 131 00:07:22,440 --> 00:07:26,360 Speaker 1: not the case. There are plenty of legitimate uses for 132 00:07:26,440 --> 00:07:29,920 Speaker 1: bit torrent that are completely legal. Has nothing to do 133 00:07:30,040 --> 00:07:32,560 Speaker 1: with the way bit torrent works. It has to do 134 00:07:32,640 --> 00:07:35,560 Speaker 1: with the way people use bit torrent. So if you're 135 00:07:35,640 --> 00:07:38,160 Speaker 1: using it to distribute, say I don't know, like an 136 00:07:38,160 --> 00:07:41,559 Speaker 1: operating system that you've designed that if you you want 137 00:07:41,680 --> 00:07:44,200 Speaker 1: to get out there in the world, that's perfectly fine, 138 00:07:44,200 --> 00:07:46,520 Speaker 1: there's nothing wrong with that. If you want to use 139 00:07:46,560 --> 00:07:51,920 Speaker 1: it to distribute I don't know, spore that that's wrong. Yeah, 140 00:07:51,960 --> 00:07:54,120 Speaker 1: I don't think e A would be very thrilled with you, 141 00:07:54,760 --> 00:07:59,360 Speaker 1: So you should not do that. And the thing is, um, 142 00:07:59,440 --> 00:08:03,679 Speaker 1: you know, people have come down on people who create 143 00:08:03,760 --> 00:08:07,600 Speaker 1: file sharing protocols because they say, well, you are causing 144 00:08:08,000 --> 00:08:11,640 Speaker 1: software piracy or you know, other kinds of piracy, and uh, 145 00:08:11,720 --> 00:08:16,400 Speaker 1: that's in this case, it's just a more efficient distribution method. 146 00:08:16,480 --> 00:08:18,400 Speaker 1: I mean, it's you know, just because the file is 147 00:08:18,440 --> 00:08:24,040 Speaker 1: available somewhere doesn't mean that the torrent sites are necessarily uh, 148 00:08:24,080 --> 00:08:26,360 Speaker 1: they're they're providing access to it, but they're not providing 149 00:08:26,400 --> 00:08:29,600 Speaker 1: the files themselves, which is sort of a gray area 150 00:08:30,080 --> 00:08:31,960 Speaker 1: as some people feel. Yeah, we'll get into that with 151 00:08:32,000 --> 00:08:34,480 Speaker 1: the Pirate Bay in a minute, um, which I'll have 152 00:08:34,520 --> 00:08:37,920 Speaker 1: a few things to say. Really, I find it hard 153 00:08:37,920 --> 00:08:40,480 Speaker 1: to believe that you have a strong opinion. Yeah, it's 154 00:08:40,520 --> 00:08:43,839 Speaker 1: kind of difficult to imagine, right, Um, but we'll get 155 00:08:43,880 --> 00:08:48,240 Speaker 1: to that. So, so getting back to this distribution thing. Um. 156 00:08:49,200 --> 00:08:50,840 Speaker 1: One of the reasons why this is such a good 157 00:08:50,880 --> 00:08:54,000 Speaker 1: idea when you're trying to distribute large files across the 158 00:08:54,040 --> 00:08:57,440 Speaker 1: network is that you may notice when you use the 159 00:08:57,440 --> 00:09:00,079 Speaker 1: Internet that there's a different You have a differ and 160 00:09:00,240 --> 00:09:06,440 Speaker 1: rate of data transfer speeds between uploading and downloading. Usually 161 00:09:06,440 --> 00:09:08,960 Speaker 1: your upload speed is a fraction of what your download 162 00:09:09,000 --> 00:09:11,400 Speaker 1: speed is, So you may be able to download things 163 00:09:11,520 --> 00:09:14,160 Speaker 1: lightning fast, but you know when you're trying to upload 164 00:09:14,200 --> 00:09:17,120 Speaker 1: something it takes a while longer. Well, if you're trying 165 00:09:17,160 --> 00:09:19,480 Speaker 1: to upload a really large vial, obviously that's going to 166 00:09:19,600 --> 00:09:21,880 Speaker 1: take even longer than that. If you have a lot 167 00:09:21,920 --> 00:09:25,840 Speaker 1: of different computers all providing uploads of this information at 168 00:09:25,880 --> 00:09:28,400 Speaker 1: the same time, it cuts down on that because I 169 00:09:28,400 --> 00:09:31,400 Speaker 1: mean otherwise, what you would have is if someone were 170 00:09:31,400 --> 00:09:33,480 Speaker 1: trying to download the file, they'd only be able to 171 00:09:33,559 --> 00:09:36,400 Speaker 1: go as fast as you could upload. Right. That's right, 172 00:09:36,480 --> 00:09:38,400 Speaker 1: that's you. They would be no matter how fast their 173 00:09:38,400 --> 00:09:40,800 Speaker 1: download speed was, they'd be limited by how fast you 174 00:09:40,880 --> 00:09:43,520 Speaker 1: could upload the information. That's right. That's that's called an 175 00:09:43,520 --> 00:09:45,719 Speaker 1: asymmetrical connection. And that's where the A and A D 176 00:09:45,880 --> 00:09:49,880 Speaker 1: s L comes from. Right, if you've ever been curious, um, 177 00:09:49,960 --> 00:09:53,319 Speaker 1: And that's pretty much the standard model for most consumer 178 00:09:53,840 --> 00:09:55,959 Speaker 1: uh internet access right now. I mean, if you are 179 00:09:55,960 --> 00:09:58,319 Speaker 1: a large company, you'd have a T three or something 180 00:09:58,320 --> 00:10:01,840 Speaker 1: even faster probably um, and you know, your speeds would 181 00:10:01,880 --> 00:10:05,040 Speaker 1: be more symmetrical. That's that's sort of a typical home 182 00:10:05,080 --> 00:10:07,720 Speaker 1: connection right there. Right. And and so when you know, 183 00:10:07,760 --> 00:10:09,840 Speaker 1: since we're talking about lots of people just using regular 184 00:10:09,880 --> 00:10:12,480 Speaker 1: computers to distribute these files as opposed to you know, 185 00:10:12,600 --> 00:10:14,760 Speaker 1: servers that you would find in like a data center 186 00:10:14,840 --> 00:10:19,400 Speaker 1: or something, uh, chances are you'd run into that asymmetric model. 187 00:10:19,800 --> 00:10:23,560 Speaker 1: And so with you, when you have more computers operating 188 00:10:23,679 --> 00:10:26,840 Speaker 1: using you know, making these files available, you get around 189 00:10:26,880 --> 00:10:30,000 Speaker 1: those low upload speeds because you're taking bits and pieces 190 00:10:30,040 --> 00:10:32,680 Speaker 1: from lots of different computers, so it kind of balances 191 00:10:32,720 --> 00:10:37,839 Speaker 1: out that that, you know that upload speed um without it, 192 00:10:38,360 --> 00:10:41,360 Speaker 1: transferring big files would take forever. So it is a 193 00:10:41,360 --> 00:10:43,760 Speaker 1: good idea. It's just that people have been using it 194 00:10:43,840 --> 00:10:47,439 Speaker 1: for nefarious purposes, which is of course cast a kind 195 00:10:47,440 --> 00:10:51,560 Speaker 1: of shadow over the entire format um, which is really 196 00:10:51,640 --> 00:10:56,680 Speaker 1: unfortunate because there's nothing like, you know, a few bad apples, 197 00:10:56,760 --> 00:10:58,480 Speaker 1: or in the case of bit Torrent, I'm sure there's 198 00:10:58,600 --> 00:11:03,359 Speaker 1: lots and lots of them ruining something that's really innovative 199 00:11:03,400 --> 00:11:07,440 Speaker 1: and useful. You know, this definitely has a place on 200 00:11:07,480 --> 00:11:11,960 Speaker 1: the Internet, and unfortunately most people associate with something that's legal. 201 00:11:12,120 --> 00:11:14,080 Speaker 1: So now you have to get over that hump in 202 00:11:14,160 --> 00:11:15,760 Speaker 1: order to be able to say this is really a 203 00:11:15,840 --> 00:11:20,160 Speaker 1: legitimate way of getting information from from these computers to 204 00:11:20,280 --> 00:11:22,880 Speaker 1: other computers. Well, I mean, if you think about it 205 00:11:22,920 --> 00:11:26,080 Speaker 1: in a completely different way, um, you know, something like 206 00:11:26,240 --> 00:11:30,000 Speaker 1: using net which has been around forever and ever and ever. Um, 207 00:11:30,040 --> 00:11:32,520 Speaker 1: you know, it's a great way to have, uh, you know, 208 00:11:32,720 --> 00:11:37,640 Speaker 1: constructive conversations, to share different hobbies and things. They're they're 209 00:11:37,640 --> 00:11:41,880 Speaker 1: great for message boards, but then now they've become storehouses 210 00:11:41,920 --> 00:11:46,520 Speaker 1: for wares, you know, cracked computer software, and um, you 211 00:11:46,559 --> 00:11:48,840 Speaker 1: know as a result. I remember the day that I 212 00:11:49,000 --> 00:11:51,560 Speaker 1: heard that my Internet service provider was going to start 213 00:11:51,640 --> 00:11:53,640 Speaker 1: metering the amount of time you could spend on using 214 00:11:53,640 --> 00:11:55,199 Speaker 1: net and the amount of information you could share. And 215 00:11:55,240 --> 00:11:58,120 Speaker 1: I thought, why using net? I mean, people don't really 216 00:11:58,240 --> 00:12:01,520 Speaker 1: use using net anymore for for message boards. Well, as 217 00:12:01,559 --> 00:12:04,400 Speaker 1: it turns out they do, and they're using it for 218 00:12:04,640 --> 00:12:07,360 Speaker 1: all kinds of other things. So it's it's another technology 219 00:12:07,400 --> 00:12:11,120 Speaker 1: that's you know, really neat for you know, one thing, 220 00:12:11,240 --> 00:12:13,959 Speaker 1: but can be misused for other purposes. And you know, 221 00:12:14,000 --> 00:12:16,560 Speaker 1: as soon as they do, you know, they find out 222 00:12:16,600 --> 00:12:19,200 Speaker 1: and start cracking down on it. And bit to warrent 223 00:12:19,320 --> 00:12:22,680 Speaker 1: is just probably the one of the latest and more 224 00:12:22,760 --> 00:12:26,199 Speaker 1: famous examples of those kinds of technology, you know, that 225 00:12:26,280 --> 00:12:28,760 Speaker 1: can be misused, and you know, people come down on 226 00:12:28,800 --> 00:12:33,400 Speaker 1: the in this case the bit torrent folks for enabling 227 00:12:33,400 --> 00:12:36,800 Speaker 1: other people to share files and and not just yeah, 228 00:12:36,920 --> 00:12:40,120 Speaker 1: and and not just from a copyright standpoint either. Um. 229 00:12:40,160 --> 00:12:42,960 Speaker 1: We've also seen I s p s come down on 230 00:12:43,200 --> 00:12:46,720 Speaker 1: people using bit torrent clients or to uh you know, 231 00:12:46,720 --> 00:12:52,200 Speaker 1: the the big famous cases Comcast throttling customers download speeds 232 00:12:52,240 --> 00:12:56,680 Speaker 1: when trying to use bit torrent um. You could argue, 233 00:12:56,800 --> 00:12:59,760 Speaker 1: I assume that some of the the like m P 234 00:12:59,880 --> 00:13:02,160 Speaker 1: A A and r I double A would price say, uh, 235 00:13:02,280 --> 00:13:05,439 Speaker 1: this is not you know, thrawlings necessary, so we can 236 00:13:05,520 --> 00:13:08,160 Speaker 1: we can discourage piracy. But again, as we pointed out, 237 00:13:08,240 --> 00:13:11,920 Speaker 1: you can use bit torrent legally to distribute files. If 238 00:13:11,960 --> 00:13:17,880 Speaker 1: Comcast throttles, you know, the torrent files, uh wants to say, 239 00:13:17,920 --> 00:13:20,000 Speaker 1: like it could be a completely legitimate use for that. 240 00:13:20,040 --> 00:13:23,600 Speaker 1: And then suddenly the whole purpose of this this model, 241 00:13:23,679 --> 00:13:27,040 Speaker 1: which is to make the the process much more smooth 242 00:13:27,080 --> 00:13:31,160 Speaker 1: and fast, it's invalidated because you've just put the brakes 243 00:13:31,400 --> 00:13:35,280 Speaker 1: on the system. So um, yeah, there's there's a lot 244 00:13:35,320 --> 00:13:38,160 Speaker 1: of there are a lot of people who don't really 245 00:13:38,280 --> 00:13:42,600 Speaker 1: care for the distribution method. But it's not the users, 246 00:13:42,720 --> 00:13:46,599 Speaker 1: it's everybody else. Well, okay, so take yourself out of 247 00:13:46,640 --> 00:13:48,640 Speaker 1: the consumer shoes and put yourself on the shoes at 248 00:13:48,679 --> 00:13:51,560 Speaker 1: the I s P. Let me, let me twirl my 249 00:13:51,640 --> 00:13:57,319 Speaker 1: mustache and uh and and tie someone to the railroad tracks. Okay, 250 00:13:57,320 --> 00:14:00,320 Speaker 1: I'm in the mindset right, So you're kind asked and 251 00:14:00,320 --> 00:14:03,120 Speaker 1: you're throttling bandwidth or or like, uh, you know those 252 00:14:03,160 --> 00:14:04,960 Speaker 1: two blog posts that I wrote not too long ago 253 00:14:04,960 --> 00:14:09,440 Speaker 1: about Time Warner thinking about capping bandwidth uh per month. 254 00:14:09,920 --> 00:14:13,320 Speaker 1: You know they their claim when they do things like 255 00:14:13,400 --> 00:14:16,880 Speaker 1: that is that they're trying to manage their network better. 256 00:14:17,440 --> 00:14:20,040 Speaker 1: And um, you know, say you're using bit torrent for 257 00:14:20,080 --> 00:14:22,960 Speaker 1: something completely legit. You know, every file you upload or 258 00:14:23,000 --> 00:14:26,600 Speaker 1: download is completely on the level, there's nothing illegal about it. 259 00:14:26,640 --> 00:14:28,680 Speaker 1: But from your I s P s perspective, dude, you're 260 00:14:28,720 --> 00:14:31,240 Speaker 1: really using a lot of bandwidth. Um, that's the amount 261 00:14:31,280 --> 00:14:33,680 Speaker 1: of information you're sending, by the way, not to be 262 00:14:33,800 --> 00:14:37,840 Speaker 1: jargon e. So you know they have a depending on 263 00:14:37,880 --> 00:14:40,840 Speaker 1: how you look at it, legitimate and you know, legitimate 264 00:14:40,840 --> 00:14:43,680 Speaker 1: reason for wanting or you know, for being concerned about 265 00:14:43,680 --> 00:14:46,520 Speaker 1: the amount of traffic going over their network because um, 266 00:14:46,760 --> 00:14:50,080 Speaker 1: for example, if you're a cable user, everybody in your 267 00:14:50,160 --> 00:14:52,880 Speaker 1: neighborhood who is also a cable user, you're using part 268 00:14:52,880 --> 00:14:55,360 Speaker 1: of their bandwidth. So if you are using way more 269 00:14:55,400 --> 00:14:58,800 Speaker 1: than everybody else, you're slowing their connection down. Um. So 270 00:14:58,840 --> 00:15:01,160 Speaker 1: if you're on that kind of a can action, your 271 00:15:01,200 --> 00:15:04,320 Speaker 1: I s P may actually have a vested interest in keeping, 272 00:15:04,360 --> 00:15:07,080 Speaker 1: you know, keeping you from using a whole lot of bandwidth, 273 00:15:07,120 --> 00:15:10,320 Speaker 1: whether it's by throttling it, or by setting a cap 274 00:15:10,360 --> 00:15:13,240 Speaker 1: and saying, hey, look, fella, you're using a whole lot 275 00:15:13,280 --> 00:15:15,720 Speaker 1: of information here, can you tone it down. If you don't, 276 00:15:15,760 --> 00:15:18,120 Speaker 1: we're going to charge you for it. So, I mean they, 277 00:15:18,360 --> 00:15:20,360 Speaker 1: you know, I could see why they might say that. 278 00:15:20,400 --> 00:15:23,000 Speaker 1: Of course, you might also say that they're being very greedy. 279 00:15:23,240 --> 00:15:25,920 Speaker 1: You know, they're they you know, it's their network. I 280 00:15:26,000 --> 00:15:28,280 Speaker 1: have no way of knowing how much traffic is going 281 00:15:28,280 --> 00:15:30,720 Speaker 1: over it for real or not. But um, that that's 282 00:15:30,760 --> 00:15:34,600 Speaker 1: their reason for that's their stated reason for wanting to 283 00:15:34,640 --> 00:15:37,120 Speaker 1: slow people down. Yeah. I know quite a few people 284 00:15:37,160 --> 00:15:39,920 Speaker 1: who would call shenanigans. You know, like I said, I 285 00:15:40,000 --> 00:15:43,120 Speaker 1: don't have I don't have a a window. You can 286 00:15:43,160 --> 00:15:45,760 Speaker 1: defend them all you like, Pallette, I mean, we know 287 00:15:45,800 --> 00:15:50,200 Speaker 1: that you're a corporate puppet. Of course. Um, no, seriously, 288 00:15:50,280 --> 00:15:53,160 Speaker 1: the no, you have a good point. Um, there could 289 00:15:53,240 --> 00:15:56,880 Speaker 1: very well be that there there are bandwidth issues, especially 290 00:15:56,880 --> 00:15:59,240 Speaker 1: when you get to the last mile problem. Yeah, um, 291 00:15:59,240 --> 00:16:02,360 Speaker 1: you get into the like the neighborhood level of of 292 00:16:02,720 --> 00:16:05,920 Speaker 1: of bandwidth. Um, it could be that, like, you know, 293 00:16:06,000 --> 00:16:09,880 Speaker 1: two people using bit torrent to download huge files could 294 00:16:09,920 --> 00:16:13,960 Speaker 1: really impact the experience of an entire neighborhood I mean, 295 00:16:13,960 --> 00:16:16,080 Speaker 1: it's it is possible for that to happen. Well, we're 296 00:16:16,080 --> 00:16:17,800 Speaker 1: not in one of those countries where we pay five 297 00:16:17,800 --> 00:16:22,120 Speaker 1: dollars a month and get a hundred megabit per second DSL. 298 00:16:22,360 --> 00:16:26,640 Speaker 1: Not yet. We're kind of hoping for the new CTO 299 00:16:26,800 --> 00:16:30,200 Speaker 1: and the c I O to kind of help change that. No, 300 00:16:30,360 --> 00:16:33,640 Speaker 1: it's not gonna matter actually that. But yeah, some people 301 00:16:33,680 --> 00:16:35,800 Speaker 1: would also argue that this is really just a case 302 00:16:35,960 --> 00:16:39,240 Speaker 1: of saying, you know, a clear illustration that the I 303 00:16:39,440 --> 00:16:42,680 Speaker 1: s p s need to UM to solve the last 304 00:16:42,720 --> 00:16:47,200 Speaker 1: mile problem and to find a way to get those uh, 305 00:16:47,360 --> 00:16:50,280 Speaker 1: those faster connections to you know it, maybe running fiber 306 00:16:50,360 --> 00:16:53,760 Speaker 1: to the home UM instead of just to whatever, you know, 307 00:16:53,840 --> 00:16:57,920 Speaker 1: the trunk or whatever. UM, then maybe we would not 308 00:16:58,040 --> 00:17:00,760 Speaker 1: have to worry so much about this band with issue, 309 00:17:00,800 --> 00:17:03,920 Speaker 1: and then we could see if it really is a 310 00:17:03,960 --> 00:17:06,840 Speaker 1: bandwidth problem or if it's just a hey, how can 311 00:17:06,880 --> 00:17:11,920 Speaker 1: we monetize this issue? UM, I know which side I'm 312 00:17:11,960 --> 00:17:16,480 Speaker 1: betting on. I won't go into it. So I guess 313 00:17:16,480 --> 00:17:19,120 Speaker 1: this eventually brings us around to the tracker sites. UM. 314 00:17:19,160 --> 00:17:22,120 Speaker 1: These are the sites that that are like search engines 315 00:17:22,480 --> 00:17:26,879 Speaker 1: for torrents, and UM they discover torrents, and they track 316 00:17:26,960 --> 00:17:31,359 Speaker 1: them and they allow users to uh to tap into them, 317 00:17:31,440 --> 00:17:34,640 Speaker 1: and but they don't host anything themselves. They're just it's 318 00:17:34,680 --> 00:17:37,680 Speaker 1: just kind of like a very specialized Google, but it's 319 00:17:37,720 --> 00:17:41,120 Speaker 1: meant for torrents. Right. So you have a whole bunch 320 00:17:41,160 --> 00:17:42,760 Speaker 1: of these out on the Internet. There's like is a 321 00:17:42,880 --> 00:17:45,359 Speaker 1: hunt and all tons and tons. But the one that 322 00:17:45,600 --> 00:17:49,120 Speaker 1: got into the news most recently was the Pirate Bay. Now, 323 00:17:49,160 --> 00:17:53,320 Speaker 1: the Pirate Bay by its very name suggests some nefarious 324 00:17:53,359 --> 00:17:58,000 Speaker 1: behavior that that is, uh, that is some maybe negative marketing. 325 00:17:58,920 --> 00:18:02,560 Speaker 1: I would definitely argue that the Pirate Bay founders brought 326 00:18:02,600 --> 00:18:07,840 Speaker 1: an awful lot of the the problems they faced on 327 00:18:08,000 --> 00:18:12,960 Speaker 1: themselves by their attitude, by the way they marketed themselves, 328 00:18:13,320 --> 00:18:16,639 Speaker 1: by the very name of the site they created. Um, 329 00:18:16,680 --> 00:18:18,679 Speaker 1: you can't really get around the fact that, you know, 330 00:18:19,320 --> 00:18:24,000 Speaker 1: they were they were promoting a certain kind of behavior. Uh. 331 00:18:24,119 --> 00:18:26,920 Speaker 1: They still didn't host anything that was under a copyright 332 00:18:27,000 --> 00:18:30,880 Speaker 1: on their own site, they just linked to it. Uh. However, 333 00:18:31,240 --> 00:18:33,760 Speaker 1: there were charges brought against the four founders of the 334 00:18:33,760 --> 00:18:36,879 Speaker 1: Pirate Bay. Um. And by the way, the Pirate Base 335 00:18:37,160 --> 00:18:40,680 Speaker 1: uh servers are in Sweden, and so as the Swedish 336 00:18:40,720 --> 00:18:45,600 Speaker 1: courts that prosecuted the founders, and uh, the two main 337 00:18:45,720 --> 00:18:49,119 Speaker 1: charges that were brought against them were copyright infringement and 338 00:18:49,200 --> 00:18:53,360 Speaker 1: assisting copyright infringement. Now, after the opening statement of the 339 00:18:53,440 --> 00:18:58,760 Speaker 1: Pirate Base lawyer, the the prosecution dropped the copyright infringement 340 00:18:58,880 --> 00:19:01,360 Speaker 1: charge because it was clear that there was no way 341 00:19:01,400 --> 00:19:04,879 Speaker 1: to really get them on that they didn't host the material, um, 342 00:19:05,000 --> 00:19:09,680 Speaker 1: so they couldn't be directly responsible. However, the assisting copyright 343 00:19:09,720 --> 00:19:13,359 Speaker 1: infringement charge stuck. It went all the way to trial, 344 00:19:13,400 --> 00:19:15,800 Speaker 1: went all the way through, and they got a guilty verdict. 345 00:19:16,240 --> 00:19:19,719 Speaker 1: The four founders were sentenced to a year in prison 346 00:19:19,800 --> 00:19:23,480 Speaker 1: and three point five nine million dollars US in damages 347 00:19:24,440 --> 00:19:27,240 Speaker 1: two companies like Warner Brothers, which you know obviously are 348 00:19:27,320 --> 00:19:31,200 Speaker 1: hurting for money. Um. That was just a snide comment. 349 00:19:31,440 --> 00:19:36,000 Speaker 1: So anyway, the here's the issue as I see it. Yes, 350 00:19:36,080 --> 00:19:41,280 Speaker 1: the Pirate Bay promoted uh this kind of behavior, um, 351 00:19:41,320 --> 00:19:43,679 Speaker 1: which maybe that that was all it took to really 352 00:19:43,720 --> 00:19:47,239 Speaker 1: push them over to the assisting copyright infringement section. Well, 353 00:19:47,280 --> 00:19:50,120 Speaker 1: they didn't tell you where to go. Yeah, but that's 354 00:19:50,119 --> 00:19:52,680 Speaker 1: the problem is that any search engine will tell you 355 00:19:52,680 --> 00:19:55,960 Speaker 1: where to go. So let's say you go to a 356 00:19:56,119 --> 00:20:01,199 Speaker 1: quote unquote legitimate torrent trackings. Let's say we go to 357 00:20:01,280 --> 00:20:06,400 Speaker 1: one that is not meant specifically to allow people to 358 00:20:06,400 --> 00:20:11,360 Speaker 1: to UH distribute copyright right material across the network. Um, 359 00:20:11,400 --> 00:20:14,320 Speaker 1: some people still do that, right, So you've got people 360 00:20:14,359 --> 00:20:17,680 Speaker 1: who are doing you who are using the system specifically 361 00:20:17,720 --> 00:20:20,520 Speaker 1: to get access to material they do not legally have 362 00:20:20,640 --> 00:20:24,560 Speaker 1: the right to own. Um. But that's not the purpose 363 00:20:24,800 --> 00:20:30,040 Speaker 1: of the site. Now, if the courts would still pronounce 364 00:20:30,200 --> 00:20:34,520 Speaker 1: those companies guilty, I have a major problem. And the 365 00:20:34,600 --> 00:20:37,880 Speaker 1: reason is because essentially you are saying that by linking 366 00:20:37,920 --> 00:20:42,520 Speaker 1: to material that's under copyright, you are assisting copyright infringement. 367 00:20:43,440 --> 00:20:48,280 Speaker 1: But everybody links at some point or another to something 368 00:20:48,320 --> 00:20:51,800 Speaker 1: that could be infringing on a copyright and it's because 369 00:20:51,800 --> 00:20:54,119 Speaker 1: you have really no control over you know, once you 370 00:20:54,160 --> 00:20:56,160 Speaker 1: link to someone, you have no real control over what's 371 00:20:56,160 --> 00:20:58,880 Speaker 1: on that site. They could change it. They could change 372 00:20:58,880 --> 00:21:00,879 Speaker 1: it as soon as you linked. Would they could change it, 373 00:21:00,960 --> 00:21:03,359 Speaker 1: you know, a year down the road and it or 374 00:21:03,359 --> 00:21:05,200 Speaker 1: it could be that, you know, you see this great 375 00:21:05,280 --> 00:21:08,199 Speaker 1: article and like you know, we often linked to UH 376 00:21:08,320 --> 00:21:11,840 Speaker 1: to outside sources, to to other articles things like that. 377 00:21:12,400 --> 00:21:15,600 Speaker 1: If someone were to use an image, for example, and 378 00:21:15,640 --> 00:21:18,520 Speaker 1: they did not have the express permission or the legal 379 00:21:18,640 --> 00:21:21,040 Speaker 1: right to use that image. Would that mean that we 380 00:21:21,080 --> 00:21:25,000 Speaker 1: would be liable because we assisted in copyright infringement? After all, 381 00:21:25,040 --> 00:21:28,200 Speaker 1: if we linked to that site, theoretically we were helping 382 00:21:28,320 --> 00:21:32,399 Speaker 1: drive traffic to that site, you know. And then you think, okay, 383 00:21:32,400 --> 00:21:35,320 Speaker 1: well that would mean that search engines like Google, Could 384 00:21:35,400 --> 00:21:38,720 Speaker 1: they be liable because if you type in any sort 385 00:21:38,760 --> 00:21:41,840 Speaker 1: of real search term, I guarantee use one of those 386 00:21:41,880 --> 00:21:44,160 Speaker 1: search results somewhere down the line is going to link 387 00:21:44,200 --> 00:21:47,080 Speaker 1: to something that's going to infringe on copyright in some 388 00:21:47,119 --> 00:21:50,360 Speaker 1: way or another. Would Google be liable because they're again 389 00:21:50,480 --> 00:21:53,679 Speaker 1: allowing traffic to get to this material. You can basically 390 00:21:53,720 --> 00:21:56,879 Speaker 1: prosecute just about everybody on the Internet. Yeah. And the 391 00:21:57,359 --> 00:21:59,159 Speaker 1: ultimate result of this, I mean, I don't think it 392 00:21:59,200 --> 00:22:02,320 Speaker 1: will ever go this far. This is kind of dragging 393 00:22:02,320 --> 00:22:05,800 Speaker 1: it to the ultimate conclusion is that everyone would be 394 00:22:05,840 --> 00:22:09,119 Speaker 1: afraid to link to everyone else, so everything would remain 395 00:22:09,200 --> 00:22:11,960 Speaker 1: internal and instead of a web you would have a 396 00:22:12,000 --> 00:22:15,719 Speaker 1: series of columns. Every website would be a column and 397 00:22:15,760 --> 00:22:17,879 Speaker 1: you could find pages within that column, but there was 398 00:22:17,920 --> 00:22:19,600 Speaker 1: no way for you to get from that website to 399 00:22:19,640 --> 00:22:23,560 Speaker 1: another website because that other website might have copyright material 400 00:22:23,600 --> 00:22:28,360 Speaker 1: on it, sure, and that that would be the slippery 401 00:22:28,400 --> 00:22:32,240 Speaker 1: slope in this case. Yeah, so that that's my rant. Okay, 402 00:22:32,880 --> 00:22:37,000 Speaker 1: you did a great job. Now, granted again, Pirate Bay 403 00:22:37,000 --> 00:22:39,919 Speaker 1: guys didn't do themselves any favors. They made it really 404 00:22:39,960 --> 00:22:42,600 Speaker 1: really easy for a court to go after them. Yeah, 405 00:22:42,600 --> 00:22:47,359 Speaker 1: they kind of flaunted their their intentions, I think. Yeah. Yeah, So, 406 00:22:47,720 --> 00:22:49,800 Speaker 1: I mean it remains to be seen if this goes 407 00:22:49,840 --> 00:22:53,879 Speaker 1: any further than that. Um, well, we'll just have to 408 00:22:53,880 --> 00:22:56,879 Speaker 1: wait and see. But the technology itself is is really 409 00:22:57,640 --> 00:23:00,080 Speaker 1: very a very elegant way to handle the problem of 410 00:23:00,400 --> 00:23:03,840 Speaker 1: how to download large files, especially over slower networks or 411 00:23:04,000 --> 00:23:06,480 Speaker 1: or networks with slower pieces in them, since we're all 412 00:23:06,560 --> 00:23:10,919 Speaker 1: running at different speeds on this on this network. So yeah, yeah, 413 00:23:10,600 --> 00:23:12,960 Speaker 1: I think it's a great I think it is a 414 00:23:13,000 --> 00:23:16,359 Speaker 1: great method. It just you just gotta look out for 415 00:23:16,400 --> 00:23:19,240 Speaker 1: the people who are using it for the wrong reasons. Yep, yep, 416 00:23:19,560 --> 00:23:22,840 Speaker 1: pretty much like every other piece of technology ever invented. 417 00:23:25,040 --> 00:23:26,840 Speaker 1: I'm done. Do you have anything else? No, I don't 418 00:23:26,840 --> 00:23:29,800 Speaker 1: really have anything else that well, I guess that that 419 00:23:29,920 --> 00:23:37,800 Speaker 1: brings us around to uh, listener Maid I wasn't expecting that. 420 00:23:38,280 --> 00:23:42,840 Speaker 1: So here we go, Hi guys, you know from Hawaii. Here. 421 00:23:43,400 --> 00:23:45,280 Speaker 1: I was listening to one of your podcasts, and at 422 00:23:45,320 --> 00:23:48,360 Speaker 1: the end of the listener mail section you invited us 423 00:23:48,600 --> 00:23:51,560 Speaker 1: the listeners to send you hi kus because Josh and 424 00:23:51,640 --> 00:23:54,760 Speaker 1: Chuck won't read them anymore or something like that. So 425 00:23:54,840 --> 00:23:59,080 Speaker 1: here it is intelligent duo, the tech Wizards John and 426 00:23:59,160 --> 00:24:03,960 Speaker 1: Chris will guide the Tech News. Smiley face. Now, it 427 00:24:04,040 --> 00:24:06,440 Speaker 1: wasn't that awesome. I love the show and I listened 428 00:24:06,440 --> 00:24:10,080 Speaker 1: to all the house Stuff Works podcasts. Juno in sunny 429 00:24:10,119 --> 00:24:15,200 Speaker 1: Hawaii where it happened to be eighty six degrees today. Aloha, Juno, 430 00:24:15,520 --> 00:24:19,000 Speaker 1: thank you very much for the high k that was great. Um, 431 00:24:19,000 --> 00:24:22,119 Speaker 1: it's actually we're in Atlanta, so eighty six degrees is 432 00:24:22,200 --> 00:24:24,520 Speaker 1: you know that It's not too far off from where 433 00:24:24,520 --> 00:24:26,400 Speaker 1: we usually are at this time of year. But I'm 434 00:24:26,400 --> 00:24:29,240 Speaker 1: sure some of our listeners in the cold reaches of 435 00:24:29,320 --> 00:24:34,399 Speaker 1: the world are ridding their teeth right now. Yeah. Yeah, 436 00:24:34,520 --> 00:24:38,040 Speaker 1: except no one else has the joint percent humidity that 437 00:24:38,160 --> 00:24:40,959 Speaker 1: we go on. Well, I don't know, no offense. If 438 00:24:40,960 --> 00:24:43,080 Speaker 1: you go, let me tell you a few Here's a 439 00:24:43,080 --> 00:24:45,800 Speaker 1: little bit of tribute for it to lett Kona, Hawaii 440 00:24:46,320 --> 00:24:48,159 Speaker 1: gets the most rainfall out of any city in the 441 00:24:48,200 --> 00:24:50,960 Speaker 1: United States. All right, then there you go. You can 442 00:24:51,000 --> 00:24:53,240 Speaker 1: take that to the bank. And it has an extensive 443 00:24:53,280 --> 00:24:57,240 Speaker 1: coffee too. Also, they have some really cool sea turtles. Okay, okay, 444 00:24:57,280 --> 00:25:00,360 Speaker 1: so there you go. If any of you have any 445 00:25:00,440 --> 00:25:03,879 Speaker 1: high cups or suggestions or corrections anything like that, you 446 00:25:03,920 --> 00:25:05,840 Speaker 1: want to write to us, you can do so text 447 00:25:05,880 --> 00:25:09,159 Speaker 1: stuff at how stuff works dot com. Remember, we have 448 00:25:09,200 --> 00:25:11,919 Speaker 1: blogs up. You can find those from going to our 449 00:25:11,960 --> 00:25:13,720 Speaker 1: homepage how stuff works dot com. Just look on the 450 00:25:13,800 --> 00:25:15,840 Speaker 1: right hand side. You'll see the blogs there. And of 451 00:25:15,880 --> 00:25:18,239 Speaker 1: course we have lots of articles about bit torrent and 452 00:25:18,720 --> 00:25:21,439 Speaker 1: uh and other subjects that make me go crazy at 453 00:25:21,480 --> 00:25:23,800 Speaker 1: how stuff works dot com. And we will talk to 454 00:25:23,840 --> 00:25:28,400 Speaker 1: you again really soon for more on this and thousands 455 00:25:28,400 --> 00:25:35,399 Speaker 1: of other topics. Is it how stuff works dot Com 456 00:25:35,560 --> 00:25:38,119 Speaker 1: brought to you by the reinvented two thousand twelve camera. 457 00:25:38,440 --> 00:25:39,640 Speaker 1: It's ready, are you