1 00:00:00,120 --> 00:00:01,920 Speaker 1: This Day in History Class is a production of I 2 00:00:02,040 --> 00:00:08,440 Speaker 1: Heart Radio. Hi everyone, I'm Eves and Welcome to This 3 00:00:08,560 --> 00:00:11,720 Speaker 1: Day and History Class, a podcast that really believes in 4 00:00:11,800 --> 00:00:24,079 Speaker 1: learning something new every day. Today is Made three The 5 00:00:24,160 --> 00:00:28,480 Speaker 1: day was made three eight. The Edo Period in Japan 6 00:00:28,640 --> 00:00:33,560 Speaker 1: ended in the Meiji Restoration began. Before the Edo period, 7 00:00:33,880 --> 00:00:36,280 Speaker 1: Japan went through a time known as the Singo Ku 8 00:00:36,360 --> 00:00:39,839 Speaker 1: Period or Warring States Period. At the time, the as 9 00:00:39,880 --> 00:00:44,159 Speaker 1: Chicago shogun capital was at heyan Kio or present day Kyoto. 10 00:00:45,240 --> 00:00:49,040 Speaker 1: The Sengoku period was a turbulent one of political upheaval 11 00:00:49,080 --> 00:00:53,360 Speaker 1: and civil war when a rival warlords or daimio fought 12 00:00:53,400 --> 00:00:57,800 Speaker 1: for control over Japan. The daimio led armies of thousands 13 00:00:57,800 --> 00:01:02,880 Speaker 1: of samurai and others willing to defend the estates. Oda Nobunaga, 14 00:01:02,960 --> 00:01:08,080 Speaker 1: Toyo Tomi, Hideyoshi, and Tokugawa Iyasu are remembered as Japan's 15 00:01:08,240 --> 00:01:12,080 Speaker 1: three unifiers as they contributed to the unification of Japan. 16 00:01:13,360 --> 00:01:17,120 Speaker 1: After Yasu won the Battle of Sekigahata in six hundred, 17 00:01:17,440 --> 00:01:22,240 Speaker 1: the Tokugawa Shogunate began. In six three, Emperor go yoz 18 00:01:22,560 --> 00:01:26,760 Speaker 1: gave Tokugawa Iyasu the title of Shogun or military governor. 19 00:01:27,120 --> 00:01:30,160 Speaker 1: He established the capital at Edo or modern day Tokyo. 20 00:01:30,720 --> 00:01:33,520 Speaker 1: This marked the start of the Edo Period, also known 21 00:01:33,600 --> 00:01:38,039 Speaker 1: as the Tokugawa Period in Japan. Yeasu set to work 22 00:01:38,040 --> 00:01:41,400 Speaker 1: on re establishing order and control in Japan and encouraged 23 00:01:41,480 --> 00:01:45,240 Speaker 1: foreign trade. Daimyo were allowed to keep their autonomy if 24 00:01:45,280 --> 00:01:49,080 Speaker 1: they swore fealty to the Tokugawa house. They were, however, 25 00:01:49,280 --> 00:01:53,200 Speaker 1: required to spend half their time in Edo. Land was 26 00:01:53,240 --> 00:01:56,800 Speaker 1: redistributed among the daimio, with more loyal vassals getting more 27 00:01:56,800 --> 00:02:02,600 Speaker 1: strategically important domains. The Kugawa regime also enforced the suppression 28 00:02:02,640 --> 00:02:06,840 Speaker 1: of Christianity in Japan. When Iyeyasu stepped down from his 29 00:02:06,880 --> 00:02:10,280 Speaker 1: official position as shogun in sixteen o five, his son 30 00:02:10,560 --> 00:02:14,520 Speaker 1: Tokugawa Hidetada took his place. He retired to sun Put 31 00:02:14,600 --> 00:02:18,320 Speaker 1: Castle in modern day Shizuoka, but he was still involved 32 00:02:18,360 --> 00:02:23,760 Speaker 1: in politics. Toyo told me Hideyoti Toyo Tommy Hideyoshi's son 33 00:02:24,280 --> 00:02:28,600 Speaker 1: remained as the last significant threat to Yeasu's rule. In 34 00:02:28,680 --> 00:02:32,880 Speaker 1: sixteen fifteen, Iyasu captured Osaka Castle and brought it into 35 00:02:32,919 --> 00:02:37,000 Speaker 1: the rival Toyotomi clan. The next two hundred and fifty 36 00:02:37,080 --> 00:02:40,040 Speaker 1: years or so we're marked by relative peace, and the 37 00:02:40,160 --> 00:02:45,200 Speaker 1: Edo period was characterized by stability, economic growth, and population growth, 38 00:02:46,360 --> 00:02:48,239 Speaker 1: but thus not to say the rest of the Edo 39 00:02:48,320 --> 00:02:52,320 Speaker 1: period was completely void of conflict. The Tokugawa regime also 40 00:02:52,480 --> 00:02:56,240 Speaker 1: enforced the suppression of Christianity in Japan, and some parts 41 00:02:56,280 --> 00:03:00,360 Speaker 1: of Japan enjoyed more prosperity while others were hit with amends. 42 00:03:00,800 --> 00:03:04,360 Speaker 1: But the Edo period paved the way for contemporary Japanese culture. 43 00:03:05,520 --> 00:03:09,160 Speaker 1: Commercial and diplomatic relations remained open with Korea and the 44 00:03:09,360 --> 00:03:12,160 Speaker 1: u Q Kingdom, and trade with the Chinese in the 45 00:03:12,240 --> 00:03:15,440 Speaker 1: Dutch was allowed at the port of Nagasaki, but the 46 00:03:15,480 --> 00:03:19,400 Speaker 1: shogun it did restrict contact with Europe. It also banned 47 00:03:19,440 --> 00:03:24,320 Speaker 1: almost all traveled abroad and foreign books. Still, domestic trade, 48 00:03:24,360 --> 00:03:29,160 Speaker 1: agricultural production, and the arts flourished, but natural disasters, famine, 49 00:03:29,560 --> 00:03:34,400 Speaker 1: the breakdown of the social hierarchy, corruption, financial crises, and 50 00:03:34,639 --> 00:03:38,160 Speaker 1: social unrest led to the decline of the Tokugawa Shogunate. 51 00:03:39,120 --> 00:03:42,240 Speaker 1: In the eighteen fifties, Japan began opening up ports to 52 00:03:42,280 --> 00:03:47,080 Speaker 1: the West for limited international trade. Anti government sentiment grew, 53 00:03:47,440 --> 00:03:50,960 Speaker 1: and many people demanded the restoration of direct imperial rule. 54 00:03:52,160 --> 00:03:56,080 Speaker 1: The domains of Choshu and Satsuma worked together to overthrow 55 00:03:56,120 --> 00:03:59,280 Speaker 1: the last shogun. The power of the shogunate was handed 56 00:03:59,320 --> 00:04:03,400 Speaker 1: over to a new emperor. One third sixty eight, ed 57 00:04:03,440 --> 00:04:07,080 Speaker 1: ocastle fail to imperial forces. The Edo period ended and 58 00:04:07,280 --> 00:04:12,560 Speaker 1: Eda was renamed Tokyo. The Meiji Restoration, the period that 59 00:04:12,640 --> 00:04:16,680 Speaker 1: restored imperial rule under Emperor Meiji, began. The Meiji Era, 60 00:04:16,760 --> 00:04:20,680 Speaker 1: which ended in nineteen twelve, saw rapid political, social, and 61 00:04:20,880 --> 00:04:25,560 Speaker 1: economic change. I'm Eve Steff Coo and hopefully you know 62 00:04:25,640 --> 00:04:28,400 Speaker 1: a little more about history today than you did yesterday. 63 00:04:28,960 --> 00:04:31,440 Speaker 1: And if you have any comments, are suggestions, or any 64 00:04:31,480 --> 00:04:33,599 Speaker 1: ideas for the show, you can hit us up on 65 00:04:33,640 --> 00:04:37,400 Speaker 1: social media where at t d I h C podcast. 66 00:04:37,680 --> 00:04:40,080 Speaker 1: You can also send us an email at this day 67 00:04:40,240 --> 00:04:43,479 Speaker 1: at i heart media dot com. Thanks again for listening 68 00:04:43,520 --> 00:04:57,320 Speaker 1: to the show and we'll see you tomorrow. For more 69 00:04:57,320 --> 00:04:59,840 Speaker 1: podcasts for my heart Radio, vis the i heart Radio app, 70 00:05:00,000 --> 00:05:02,560 Speaker 1: Apple Podcasts, or wherever you listen to your favorite shows.