WEBVTT - 9 Surprising Things Invented by Women

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<v Speaker 1>Welcome to Part Time Genius, a production of I Heart Radio.

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<v Speaker 1>Guess what Will, Oh Will? It's not here, neither is Mango.

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<v Speaker 1>It's just me, Isn't it kind of fun hearing a

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<v Speaker 1>lady voice on this show? Well? Did you know that

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<v Speaker 1>the foot pedal trash can was invented by Lilian Gilbreth,

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<v Speaker 1>the mom from Cheaper by the Dozen? Sure was in

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<v Speaker 1>the early nine dreds. Lilian came up with several ingenious

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<v Speaker 1>little inventions to improve things that already existed. So, yeah,

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<v Speaker 1>the trash can already existed, but could you open it

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<v Speaker 1>with your foot? No? No, you couldn't, not tell Lilian

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<v Speaker 1>came along and fixed it. She also added shelves to

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<v Speaker 1>refrigerator doors. Where'd you put the condiments? Until then? Where

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<v Speaker 1>did you put the catch up? Until Lilian came along

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<v Speaker 1>along with her husband. She devoted her entire life to

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<v Speaker 1>try to figure out the one best to do any task,

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<v Speaker 1>how to make anything a little easier. That's just the

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<v Speaker 1>story of being a woman, right, We just want our

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<v Speaker 1>lives to be a little bit easier. She dubbed this

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<v Speaker 1>new field time and Motion studies, and in fact, she

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<v Speaker 1>was the first woman admitted to the National Academy of Engineering,

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<v Speaker 1>where she would later do all sorts of other important things,

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<v Speaker 1>like help Hoover create jobs during the Great Depression and

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<v Speaker 1>also figure out how to quickly convert places into factories

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<v Speaker 1>during World War Two. She did all of this, all

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<v Speaker 1>of this important work while raising twelve children, twelve of them.

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<v Speaker 1>She is like the patron saint of efficient mothers, and

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<v Speaker 1>I personally would like to thank her every time that

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<v Speaker 1>I don't have to use my hands to open a

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<v Speaker 1>trash can. Thank you, Lillian. That is just the first

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<v Speaker 1>of the nine facts that I have for you today

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<v Speaker 1>about surprising things invented by women. Let's dig in. I

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<v Speaker 1>am your host for today, Joe Piazza filling in for

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<v Speaker 1>Will and Mango on Part Time Genius. They promised they're

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<v Speaker 1>going to come back and do more episodes soon, but

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<v Speaker 1>maybe they won't. Maybe it's me. Maybe I'm here forever.

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<v Speaker 1>They passed me the bank today on International Women's Day,

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<v Speaker 1>and frankly, I was happy to grab it from them

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<v Speaker 1>because this is something that I have been dying to

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<v Speaker 1>talk about for a while now. Because when we think

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<v Speaker 1>of inventors, and I want you to think about it

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<v Speaker 1>for a minute, I want you to close your eyes,

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<v Speaker 1>and I want you to say the word inventor. You

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<v Speaker 1>can say it out loud, or you can say it

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<v Speaker 1>in your head. And then I want you to think

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<v Speaker 1>about who pops into your head. Who's picture Thomas Addison,

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<v Speaker 1>Ben Franklin, Alexander Graham Bell, Old men, A whole lot

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<v Speaker 1>of old men. You can Google inventors too, and I

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<v Speaker 1>actually I just did Google inventors here and all that

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<v Speaker 1>pops up on the first image search is a bunch

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<v Speaker 1>of old men. I should not find this surprising because

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<v Speaker 1>women have been written out of a lot of history

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<v Speaker 1>since the beginning of history. But now, right now, today,

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<v Speaker 1>in this episode, it is time to give lady inventors

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<v Speaker 1>their due. Let's get started. Number two the dishwasher. This

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<v Speaker 1>is actually a kind of weird story because the dishwasher

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<v Speaker 1>was invented by a socialite, a fancy rich lady named

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<v Speaker 1>Josephine Cochrane. Josephine's dad was a civil engineer and her

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<v Speaker 1>grandfather was an inventor. Old men again, and he made

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<v Speaker 1>several important contributions to the steamboat so engineering things and

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<v Speaker 1>make and stuff. It was just in her blood. But

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<v Speaker 1>she had lived most of her life as a socialite,

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<v Speaker 1>fancy rich girl. She was charged with entertaining the guests

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<v Speaker 1>that her husband brought home. One day, she realized that

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<v Speaker 1>her servants were chipping her china while they were handwashing

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<v Speaker 1>the plates. She was very irritated by this, very irritated

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<v Speaker 1>that her china was getting chipped, so she started doing

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<v Speaker 1>the china herself. Washing the dishes the crazy thing for

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<v Speaker 1>lady to do back then, and she realized just how

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<v Speaker 1>tedious a task that it was took it as a challenge.

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<v Speaker 1>She went to her shed out back, because you know,

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<v Speaker 1>all rich ladies have a shed, built a box, constructed

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<v Speaker 1>wires to hold the dishes, and realized that a simple

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<v Speaker 1>jet of soapy, warm water heated by a copper boiler

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<v Speaker 1>would do the task for her. Initially the machine was

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<v Speaker 1>hand cranked, but then she added a motor to outsource

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<v Speaker 1>that work. I love a good outsource in she presented

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<v Speaker 1>her Cochran dishwasher at Chicago's World Fair, where it won

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<v Speaker 1>an award for its design and durability. Later, she made

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<v Speaker 1>a heap of money when her company sold to Kitchen Aid.

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<v Speaker 1>Also fun fact, her face was then also put on

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<v Speaker 1>a Romanian stamp. We don't know why that is, but

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<v Speaker 1>good lesson for all of us. When the people who

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<v Speaker 1>work for you aren't doing a good enough job, invent

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<v Speaker 1>something to replace them. Make a ton of money, get

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<v Speaker 1>your face on a foreign stamp. None of us like

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<v Speaker 1>to wash dishes. I actually don't wash the dishes in

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<v Speaker 1>my house. My husband washes the dishes and he loads

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<v Speaker 1>the dishwasher because I apparently always do it wrong. So

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<v Speaker 1>one woman actually tried to invent a giant dishwasher that

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<v Speaker 1>would clean the entire room. Oregon inventor Francis Gabe. As

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<v Speaker 1>a kid, she had always dreamed of growing up having

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<v Speaker 1>kids in a home. But then one day one of

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<v Speaker 1>her kids left this big trail of gross fig jam

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<v Speaker 1>on the floor, and she was like, you know what,

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<v Speaker 1>I don't want to clean it. I don't want to

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<v Speaker 1>clean it. How many parents out there have been like,

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<v Speaker 1>I don't want to clean that up. What if we

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<v Speaker 1>just leave it here forever? So she got to work

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<v Speaker 1>and she invented a self cleaning kitchen using sprinklers, jets,

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<v Speaker 1>and apparently sixty eight different patented devices. She basically put

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<v Speaker 1>her kitchen through a car wash and then dried the

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<v Speaker 1>place by blowing soapy water down a spout that get

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<v Speaker 1>this funneled into her doghouse to then I can't so

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<v Speaker 1>I can't stop laughing. I just I can't say this

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<v Speaker 1>without laughing to give her Great Dan a shower. Now,

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<v Speaker 1>places like Nickelodeon Magazine and The Daily Mail they declared

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<v Speaker 1>her a genius because she was it's a freaking genius.

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<v Speaker 1>Her neighbors were way less kind, way less happy with

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<v Speaker 1>what she was doing and referred to her as quote

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<v Speaker 1>that crazy bat. Next up, number four. This one is

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<v Speaker 1>something that I've actually that I always wondered about because

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<v Speaker 1>I am a big fan of a Murphy bed. I

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<v Speaker 1>fantasized about a Murphy bed when I was little. I

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<v Speaker 1>think I saw on a sitcom once and I was like,

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<v Speaker 1>oh my gosh, I want a bed that comes down

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<v Speaker 1>from the wall. It's like magic. And so I've always

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<v Speaker 1>kind of wondered who invented the Murphy bed. This week

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<v Speaker 1>I found out and Sarah E. Good was born in Toledo,

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<v Speaker 1>but she ended up a slave because of the Fugitive

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<v Speaker 1>Slave Act. After the Civil War, she fled Chicago, where

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<v Speaker 1>she and her husband started a furniture shop. That is

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<v Speaker 1>when Sarah realized that people in small apartments didn't have

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<v Speaker 1>space to fit both a desk and a bed. In Chicago,

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<v Speaker 1>those apartments were like huge out to New York apartments. So,

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<v Speaker 1>being a real smart lady, she figured out a way

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<v Speaker 1>to combine the two this kind of convertible roll top dusk.

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<v Speaker 1>The desk had all of the typical desk things, It

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<v Speaker 1>had space to write, it had drawers for stationary but

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<v Speaker 1>when you pulled the lever it flipped into a single bed.

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<v Speaker 1>Sarah ended up with one of the very first patents

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<v Speaker 1>ever given to an African American woman. Fifteen years later,

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<v Speaker 1>the Morphy Bed built on this idea. Now, how many

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<v Speaker 1>of you are out there are poor over coffee people.

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<v Speaker 1>My husband is a very big poor over coffee person.

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<v Speaker 1>I am a Mr. Coffee person because I like to

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<v Speaker 1>wake up and hit a button and get coffee. But

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<v Speaker 1>he likes to do all of this work before his

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<v Speaker 1>caffeine goes into his body, which seems crazy to me.

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<v Speaker 1>But anyone who does make poor over coffee knows Melita Filters.

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<v Speaker 1>And I always assumed that Melita was just like some

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<v Speaker 1>fancy Italian coffee maker. Turns out she was actually a

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<v Speaker 1>German housewife. And although people had been drinking coffee for

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<v Speaker 1>hundreds of years, the beverage was pretty unpleasant and bitter

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<v Speaker 1>and gross until the early twentieth century. At the time,

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<v Speaker 1>there was no solid way to filter grounds, no easy,

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<v Speaker 1>efficient way. Residue lingered in cups, and it made it

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<v Speaker 1>all bitter and gritty. Melita decided she no longer wanted

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<v Speaker 1>her coffee to be gross. Didn't want chunks floating in

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<v Speaker 1>her coffee, so she ripped a piece of water paper

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<v Speaker 1>from her son, Willie's schoolbook, laid it over the bottom

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<v Speaker 1>of a perforated tin cup, let the liquid pass through

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<v Speaker 1>Wila coffee with no chunks. The result was a deliciously

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<v Speaker 1>smooth cup of coffee with all the flavor none of

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<v Speaker 1>the bits. She quickly patented her filter top device lined

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<v Speaker 1>with filter paper, and began her transformation from mom to mogul.

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<v Speaker 1>Within three years, her son and her husband were working

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<v Speaker 1>for and her company was selling paper filters in a

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<v Speaker 1>hundred and fifty countries. This is also the mark of

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<v Speaker 1>a good woman. Boss instituted a rare five day work

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<v Speaker 1>week for her employees, this was not common at the time.

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<v Speaker 1>This was not usual. She increased their vacation time and

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<v Speaker 1>created a company fund to help with her employees housing

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<v Speaker 1>and health issues. Oh my god, it was like a

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<v Speaker 1>safety net. Imagine that crazy. Over time, her firm also

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<v Speaker 1>made other advances in the coffee world, including conical filters

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<v Speaker 1>and vacuum packing. She really did make coffee the best

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<v Speaker 1>part of waking up. Speaking of coffee, and I'm always

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<v Speaker 1>speaming out coffee. I need some right now, and we're

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<v Speaker 1>going to pause for an ad. I'm gonna get me

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<v Speaker 1>a cup, gonna filter it, just like a German housewife

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<v Speaker 1>seeing a sec. Okay, hello, we're back. Still not well

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<v Speaker 1>and mango. Nope, Joe still right here. So speaking of

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<v Speaker 1>mom inventors, and I like to talk about mom inventors

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<v Speaker 1>a lot, let's talk about bet Ness Smith. Graham is

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<v Speaker 1>a woman who never wanted to be a secretary, but

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<v Speaker 1>in ninety one she joined a typing pool after a

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<v Speaker 1>recent divorce. She needed to support herself and her son.

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<v Speaker 1>The problem was now she was a really really crap typist,

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<v Speaker 1>like bad, but she couldn't get fired because she needed

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<v Speaker 1>money to support herself and her son. So she came

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<v Speaker 1>up with a hack for that. She filled a nail

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<v Speaker 1>polished bottle with some white tempera paint and took it

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<v Speaker 1>to work. Then she used the little nail polish brush

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<v Speaker 1>cover all of her mistakes, went back typed again. Before long,

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<v Speaker 1>everyone on her team was like, I need that bottle

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<v Speaker 1>of white out. But it wasn't called white out at first.

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<v Speaker 1>At first Graham was calling it mistake out, which I

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<v Speaker 1>think is actually better than white out, And she thought

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<v Speaker 1>she might have a business there, but she was reluctant

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<v Speaker 1>to leave that job. She was doing this as a

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<v Speaker 1>side hustle. Her boss found out fired her for doing

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<v Speaker 1>her mistake out business on company time, But that turned

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<v Speaker 1>out to be the push that she needed, because within

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<v Speaker 1>six years is mistake Out, then called liquid Paper, was

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<v Speaker 1>a million dollar business in Gillette bought the company for

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<v Speaker 1>forty seven point five million dollars. And that son of hers,

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<v Speaker 1>the one that she was working so hard to raise

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<v Speaker 1>all on her own, he did okay for himself too.

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<v Speaker 1>He is Michael Nesmith, the tall guy in a hat

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<v Speaker 1>from the Monkeys. Yes, the creator of white Out spawned

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<v Speaker 1>a monkey. You're welcome for that. People. Now, if you're

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<v Speaker 1>not a fan of the Monkeys, you will definitely be

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<v Speaker 1>a fan of this life saving device. Yep, the inventor

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<v Speaker 1>of one of the very first usable life rafts, the

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<v Speaker 1>kind of life raft that actually saved a lot of

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<v Speaker 1>lives was a woman named Maria Beasley. Now, of course

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<v Speaker 1>the life raft existed, there's been like life canoes since

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<v Speaker 1>the beginning of boats. But Maria Beasley made a much

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<v Speaker 1>improved life raft. This life raft had guardrails, was fireproof,

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<v Speaker 1>it was foldable for easy storage, which meant you could

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<v Speaker 1>put a lot of them on the boat. And her

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<v Speaker 1>life rafts were actually used on the Titanic and saved

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<v Speaker 1>over seven hundred lives. That was not everybody on the Titanic,

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<v Speaker 1>as we all know. My heart will go on, but

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<v Speaker 1>it was a lot of people, just not Leo. Now

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<v Speaker 1>I have a very important question for you. What would

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<v Speaker 1>we do without fire escapes? Well, my friends, we would

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<v Speaker 1>get trapped in burning buildings. In the late nineteenth century

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<v Speaker 1>early twentieth century, this was a huge problem in New

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<v Speaker 1>York City. But that problem was fixed when a woman

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<v Speaker 1>named Anna Connelly came up with an idea. She's from Philadelphia,

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<v Speaker 1>of course, Hello Philly, we are the best city in America.

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<v Speaker 1>We make good people here in Philadelphia. I'm saying this

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<v Speaker 1>all to you from my closet in Philadelphia. Anyway, Anna Connolly, Philadelphian,

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<v Speaker 1>proposed and patented the idea of for fire escapes in

0:12:54.480 --> 0:12:57.880
<v Speaker 1>seven just little metal bridges placed on the outside of

0:12:57.880 --> 0:13:01.120
<v Speaker 1>a building. So this wasn't great is because it was cheap.

0:13:01.320 --> 0:13:03.480
<v Speaker 1>It was too cheap for landlords to say, oh no,

0:13:03.559 --> 0:13:05.679
<v Speaker 1>I don't want to do that. But they were also outside,

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<v Speaker 1>so cities could tell who was compliant and who wasn't,

0:13:08.400 --> 0:13:10.760
<v Speaker 1>and they could say, build a fire escape because we

0:13:10.800 --> 0:13:13.839
<v Speaker 1>don't want anyone to die in your burning building. This

0:13:14.200 --> 0:13:20.280
<v Speaker 1>ingenious invention by a Philadelphian not only saved thousands of lives,

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<v Speaker 1>but it also allowed firefighters to climb up a building

0:13:24.280 --> 0:13:27.240
<v Speaker 1>and save people who were trapped in it, particularly children.

0:13:28.200 --> 0:13:30.280
<v Speaker 1>We have Anna Connolly to think for all of that.

0:13:31.240 --> 0:13:34.760
<v Speaker 1>And finally, last but not least, by the way, how

0:13:34.760 --> 0:13:36.760
<v Speaker 1>could I get Google to put some of these women

0:13:37.240 --> 0:13:40.280
<v Speaker 1>up when we search for inventor? Who can I call

0:13:40.400 --> 0:13:43.040
<v Speaker 1>at Google to make that happen. I want to tell

0:13:43.040 --> 0:13:45.160
<v Speaker 1>you about a woman whose name is so good that

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<v Speaker 1>I want to make a movie about her, just so

0:13:46.679 --> 0:13:50.800
<v Speaker 1>I can call it El Dorado Jones. That's her name,

0:13:51.040 --> 0:13:55.040
<v Speaker 1>El Dorado Jones, El Dorado was born in eighteen sixty

0:13:55.080 --> 0:13:58.000
<v Speaker 1>in Missouri, and she needed a job, so she took

0:13:58.000 --> 0:13:59.880
<v Speaker 1>the only job that a woman could get in Missouri.

0:14:00.440 --> 0:14:03.360
<v Speaker 1>She was a school teacher and then a stenographer, because

0:14:03.360 --> 0:14:05.760
<v Speaker 1>those were the kinds of jobs they gave women. But

0:14:05.920 --> 0:14:08.760
<v Speaker 1>at heart, she was an inventor, and over time she

0:14:08.800 --> 0:14:11.400
<v Speaker 1>invented a ton of things that you used today. The

0:14:11.520 --> 0:14:15.439
<v Speaker 1>lightweight travel iron, a travel sized ironing board, a collapsible

0:14:15.480 --> 0:14:17.160
<v Speaker 1>hat rack. Actually I don't know if we still use

0:14:17.160 --> 0:14:19.160
<v Speaker 1>a collapsible hat rack, but we would if we still

0:14:19.200 --> 0:14:22.200
<v Speaker 1>wore a lot of hats. She also apparently made some

0:14:22.240 --> 0:14:26.760
<v Speaker 1>sort of anti damp salt shaker, which sounds great because

0:14:26.960 --> 0:14:31.400
<v Speaker 1>who wants damp salt? Damp salon is gross. They actually

0:14:31.480 --> 0:14:34.360
<v Speaker 1>nicknamed her the Iron Woman, which is also a great

0:14:34.400 --> 0:14:36.440
<v Speaker 1>name for a book. Let's actually put the names together,

0:14:36.800 --> 0:14:41.920
<v Speaker 1>El Dorado Jones, the Iron Woman. It's like a superhero.

0:14:42.280 --> 0:14:45.720
<v Speaker 1>She was also a chain smoking badass who started a

0:14:45.760 --> 0:14:49.880
<v Speaker 1>factory in Illinois that mostly employed women, and not just women,

0:14:49.880 --> 0:14:53.240
<v Speaker 1>but women of middle age forty year old women working

0:14:53.240 --> 0:14:56.240
<v Speaker 1>in this factory. And in that factory, she designed the

0:14:56.480 --> 0:15:01.560
<v Speaker 1>very first successful airplane muffler, which she patented a few

0:15:01.640 --> 0:15:04.000
<v Speaker 1>years later and it muffled the sound of airplanes without

0:15:04.040 --> 0:15:06.800
<v Speaker 1>using an energy. Now, I'm not going to read you

0:15:06.800 --> 0:15:09.400
<v Speaker 1>her entire New York Times obituary, but I am going

0:15:09.400 --> 0:15:12.120
<v Speaker 1>to read the last line because it's also really good

0:15:12.320 --> 0:15:16.120
<v Speaker 1>and it's clearly the first line of El Dorado Jones

0:15:16.680 --> 0:15:20.200
<v Speaker 1>Iron Woman, the movie. This quote that El Dorado Jones

0:15:20.280 --> 0:15:24.680
<v Speaker 1>used to say, do not forget to exploit men all

0:15:24.760 --> 0:15:29.480
<v Speaker 1>you can, because if you don't, they will exploit you. Now,

0:15:29.520 --> 0:15:32.640
<v Speaker 1>that is a nice way to end International Women's Day.

0:15:33.120 --> 0:15:35.440
<v Speaker 1>That is it for today's part time genius. I am

0:15:35.520 --> 0:15:38.520
<v Speaker 1>Joe Piazza. Thank you so much for listening, and if

0:15:38.560 --> 0:15:41.000
<v Speaker 1>you haven't checked out my other podcasts, which by the way,

0:15:41.000 --> 0:15:43.400
<v Speaker 1>are some of Mango's favorites. And he'd say that too

0:15:43.560 --> 0:15:45.760
<v Speaker 1>if I let him back in the studio, but but

0:15:45.840 --> 0:15:48.520
<v Speaker 1>I'm keeping him out and taking the show forever. He

0:15:48.600 --> 0:15:50.440
<v Speaker 1>told me to tell you that. Be sure to check

0:15:50.480 --> 0:15:53.800
<v Speaker 1>out the Committed podcast, which is going into its sixth season,

0:15:53.920 --> 0:15:56.560
<v Speaker 1>so there's plenty of to binge and under the influence,

0:15:56.800 --> 0:15:59.920
<v Speaker 1>a deep dive into the world of mom influencers, men

0:16:00.120 --> 0:16:04.240
<v Speaker 1>of whom are inventors themselves, and you'll love it. Promise

0:16:04.840 --> 0:16:22.440
<v Speaker 1>Happy International Women's Day. Hi guys. M part Time Genius

0:16:22.440 --> 0:16:24.960
<v Speaker 1>is a production of I heart Radio. For more podcasts

0:16:25.000 --> 0:16:27.040
<v Speaker 1>for my heart Radio, visit the i heart Radio app,

0:16:27.080 --> 0:16:29.840
<v Speaker 1>Apple podcast, or wherever you listen to your favorite shows.

0:16:32.760 --> 0:16:32.800
<v Speaker 1>H