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Speaker 1: Find one nearest you call one zero tell them. George

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Speaker 1: Nori said you now here's a highlight from coast to

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Speaker 1: coast a m on iHeart Radio. George and Alreay back

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Speaker 1: with Greg Brandon and his latest work, Human by Design,

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Speaker 1: and we'll get to your calls to We've got Greg

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Speaker 1: for another hour here. Greg. As we were talking earlier

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Speaker 1: about modern humans and they've been around two hundred thousand years.

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Speaker 1: Michael Kremo will believe that they've been a long around here,

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Speaker 1: even longer than that. But regardless of the time period

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Speaker 1: they seem to have we seem to have just sprung

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Speaker 1: up all of a sudden. How did that happen? Well,

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Speaker 1: this is a mystery, George, and this is where it

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Speaker 1: reaches on what signs now we're calling the forbidden territory.

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Speaker 1: What they're saying is that we're the result of a

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Speaker 1: series of genetic modifications. Human chromosome number two is one

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Speaker 1: of those that we talked about, and within human chromosome

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Speaker 1: number two there are a number of different genes. So

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Speaker 1: gene h b R one, for example, is a responsible

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Speaker 1: for the neo cortex. It's the you know, the big

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Speaker 1: part of the brain that allows us all of the

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Speaker 1: uniquely human capabilities we mentioned, empathy, sympathy, compassion, self self regulation. George.

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Speaker 1: That's the key. Chromosome number seven. It gives us the

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Speaker 1: ability for complex speech and to form the words and

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Speaker 1: the syllables, and to link those with the neurons in

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Speaker 1: the brain in a way that no other form of

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Speaker 1: life has. If those had happened slowly, gradually over long

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Speaker 1: periods of time, the evolutionary theory for humans, I think

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Speaker 1: would be a little bit more credible. The fact that

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Speaker 1: they happened so quickly in such a tight period of

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Speaker 1: time right at that two thousand year mark says that

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Speaker 1: something else had to have happened. Now. I don't know

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Speaker 1: if we're ever going to know exactly what it was

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Speaker 1: that happened, but I know until we let go of

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Speaker 1: the obsolete story that is being taught as fact in

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Speaker 1: our classrooms and our textbooks, to free uh, free our

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Speaker 1: evolves in our scientific community, to go after the new

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Speaker 1: evidence and where it leads. We are stuck in a

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Speaker 1: story that we've outgrown. It's no longer serving us. And

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Speaker 1: when part of what there's such a reluctance George and

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Speaker 1: the actually it's a resistance in mainstream media to share

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Speaker 1: this uh, these new discoveries and even some of the

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Speaker 1: very well known biologist Richard Dawkins, for example, is a

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Speaker 1: perfect example. UH. And he has such high visibility and

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Speaker 1: there's such a potential for him to lead in a

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Speaker 1: good way, in a positive way when it comes to

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Speaker 1: this new information and these new discoveries, and where he

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Speaker 1: does he has a statement, I mean, this is a quote.

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Speaker 1: He says, it's absolutely safe to say that if you

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Speaker 1: meet someone who claims not to believe in evolution, that

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Speaker 1: person is ignorant, stupid, or insane at the end of

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Speaker 1: the quote. So he's ridiculing the very essence of sciences

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Speaker 1: inquiry and science is designed to be constantly updated as

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Speaker 1: new information comes to light, and too to ridicule scientists

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Speaker 1: for asking the question. Now, he he didn't say evolution

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Speaker 1: when it comes to human evolution in general, and it

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Speaker 1: was when the within the context of a human conversation.

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Speaker 1: So those kinds of statements from well respected scientists, and

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Speaker 1: the reluctance in the media to share when the documentaries

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Speaker 1: are happening, for example, on evolution. There there have been

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Speaker 1: some beautiful documentaries on evolution where the choice was made

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Speaker 1: by the producers to exclude any information that does not

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Speaker 1: support Darwin's theory, even though it is based in peer

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Speaker 1: reviewed science. So I was surprised, George, when I was

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Speaker 1: researching this, I I guess I'm I'm surrounded by this

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Speaker 1: information so much. I take for granted some of the discoveries,

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Speaker 1: such as the fact that we now know we are

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Speaker 1: not descended from Neanderthals. And as I began to share

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Speaker 1: this in mainstream audiences, I just came back. I was

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Speaker 1: in um in Switzerland, I was in uh in London, Germany,

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Speaker 1: South America. This was new new information to these people.

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Speaker 1: They were still at the mindset that we are descended

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Speaker 1: from Neanderthals. For example, Well, and I wanted to ask

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Speaker 1: you about that, So what if if if we're not

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Speaker 1: descended from them, and some of those new DNA evidence

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Speaker 1: proves that we weren't. What what happened to them? Why

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Speaker 1: did they disappear? Well, they died out because they thinking

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Speaker 1: is climate change comes into this, and as a geologist,

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Speaker 1: I find this interesting. We're living a period of climate

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Speaker 1: change right now that we were also living about five

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Speaker 1: thousand years ago, there was carbon dioxide on the earth

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Speaker 1: without industry, not as much, but it was also a

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Speaker 1: triggering climate change. Then ten thousand years ago, the end

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Speaker 1: of the Ice Age was right around ten to twelve

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Speaker 1: thousand years ago, and as the climate began to shift.

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Speaker 1: They for whatever reason, they didn't have the wherewithal or

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Speaker 1: the the intelligence to adapt and move to where they

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Speaker 1: needed to be so that they could survive. They were

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Speaker 1: trying to live where they had always lived and the

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Speaker 1: climate simply didn't support that. Whereas anatomically modern humans um

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Speaker 1: that we now know emerged out of the European continent,

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Speaker 1: not out of Africa, had the intelligence to move and

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Speaker 1: to adapt to the climate. So and again, if you

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Speaker 1: put it, if you put this skeleton of an anatomically

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Speaker 1: modern or the body of an anatomically modern human next

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Speaker 1: to us today, you for all intents and purposes, were

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Speaker 1: the same. George, you can't tell us apart the one place,

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Speaker 1: and this is fascinating to me. The one place where

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Speaker 1: it is different is their brains were actually larger than

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Speaker 1: our brains. And brains, you know, brains are all about

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Speaker 1: surface area, and what we now have we have smaller brains,

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Speaker 1: but because we have more folds in our brain, the

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Speaker 1: four folds give us more surface areas, so we are

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Speaker 1: we now have more efficient brains, and that is an

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Speaker 1: evolutionary process. Technically, we'd have more brains if you unraveled

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Speaker 1: at all, absolutely, because each you know where the folds are.

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Speaker 1: When you have the folds, it gives you more surface

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Speaker 1: area for for more neurons. So that is one of

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Speaker 1: the one of the differences that has been sound. But

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Speaker 1: other than that, we're you know, for all intensive purposes

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Speaker 1: that the scientific the peer reviewed scientific papers say the

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Speaker 1: DNA is the same. So, and that's relatively new because

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Speaker 1: it's only recently we've been able to extract the DNA

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Speaker 1: from fossils from the bone. There it sounds just like

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Speaker 1: Jurassic Park stuff, except in the movie they reconstitute that

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Speaker 1: DNA and into the prehistoric forms of life. Into the

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Speaker 1: best of my knowledge, we haven't done that yet, but

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Speaker 1: we can build the genome and compare them to us.

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Speaker 1: One of the first the first places happened, George. This

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Speaker 1: is an amazing story. In a cave deep in the

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Speaker 1: earth and northern Europe, the body of a Neanderthal baby

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Speaker 1: girl was discovered and she was either a fetus seven

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Speaker 1: months along still in the womb of her mother, or

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Speaker 1: an instant two months after birth. And they marrowed it

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Speaker 1: down that range in terms of how how old her

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Speaker 1: body was. They dated her body the thirty thousand years

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Speaker 1: before present, so all of a sudden we had uh.

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Speaker 1: And she was so well preserved in a way that

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Speaker 1: we've never found before and never found well. She buried

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Speaker 1: as if they buried her in some kind of ceremony,

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Speaker 1: didn't appear to be intentionally buried. However, she was in

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Speaker 1: a cave deep in the earth. Uh. And it was

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Speaker 1: in the northern part of Russian Siberia, all by yourself,

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Speaker 1: though no other bones there as far as I know,

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Speaker 1: it is by herself. And and it was her ribs

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Speaker 1: that were preserved well enough to pull the d na's.

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Speaker 1: So now here's where the story gets inter That discovery

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Speaker 1: was made in seven scientists did not publish the results

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Speaker 1: until the year two thousand in the very prestigious journal Nature. Uh.

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Speaker 1: They took them from until the year two thousand and

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Speaker 1: the The last sentence of the last paragraph of the

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Speaker 1: conclusion tell us the whole story. That says, we conclude

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Speaker 1: that the there is not enough similarity in in the

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Speaker 1: DNA between Neanderthals and moderns to conclude that we are

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Speaker 1: the descendants of Neanderthals, as we in fact are not

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Speaker 1: descendants of Neanderthals. And that's your the made headlines, I

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Speaker 1: would think, and you know major newspapers USA Today, New

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Speaker 1: York Times, and it's relegated two very obscure scientific journals.

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Speaker 1: Scientists know this, but it's not common knowledge in the mainstream.

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Speaker 1: It's not being taught in their classrooms. Listen to more

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Speaker 1: Coast to Coast AM every weeknight at one a m.

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Speaker 1: Eastern and go to Coast to Coast am dot com

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Speaker 1: for more