1 00:00:00,560 --> 00:00:03,760 Speaker 1: Welcome to Stuff You Missed in History Class from how 2 00:00:03,800 --> 00:00:13,840 Speaker 1: Stuff Works dot Com. Hello, and welcome to the podcast. 3 00:00:13,960 --> 00:00:17,120 Speaker 1: I'm Sarah Dowdy and I'm Deblina Chalkoateboarding, and we are 4 00:00:17,160 --> 00:00:21,000 Speaker 1: going to be continuing our Bourbon series today, actually finishing 5 00:00:21,040 --> 00:00:23,440 Speaker 1: the French portion of it. We have a little Spanish 6 00:00:23,440 --> 00:00:25,680 Speaker 1: stuff coming your way, but we're nearing the end, so 7 00:00:25,840 --> 00:00:30,000 Speaker 1: enjoy these last couple. Um. So we left off last 8 00:00:30,080 --> 00:00:34,760 Speaker 1: talking about Madame de Pompadour and the ominous quote a 9 00:00:34,880 --> 00:00:39,760 Speaker 1: pre new le Deluge after us the deluge, and um, 10 00:00:39,960 --> 00:00:43,800 Speaker 1: fortunately for us, I guess the Deluge has been pretty 11 00:00:43,880 --> 00:00:48,000 Speaker 1: thoroughly covered already on this podcast, not by the two 12 00:00:48,040 --> 00:00:50,680 Speaker 1: of us, but by Candis and Jane. They did episodes 13 00:00:50,760 --> 00:00:54,520 Speaker 1: on how the French Revolution worked and did Marie Antoinette 14 00:00:54,560 --> 00:00:57,240 Speaker 1: really say let them eat cake? So I think a 15 00:00:57,280 --> 00:01:00,920 Speaker 1: lot of you are already pretty familiar on the events 16 00:01:01,040 --> 00:01:04,040 Speaker 1: of seventeen eighty nine to seventeen ninety nine, what we 17 00:01:04,080 --> 00:01:07,240 Speaker 1: think of as the main French Revolution, even though we're 18 00:01:07,240 --> 00:01:10,440 Speaker 1: going to find out there are many more revolutions in 19 00:01:10,640 --> 00:01:13,640 Speaker 1: France over the next few decades. Yeah, they did not 20 00:01:13,840 --> 00:01:17,800 Speaker 1: quite a bit, they did, um, but just long story short, 21 00:01:17,880 --> 00:01:20,959 Speaker 1: in case you haven't listened to uh the episode on 22 00:01:21,000 --> 00:01:25,119 Speaker 1: how the French Revolution worked. The Bourbons were overthrown, obviously, 23 00:01:25,240 --> 00:01:28,479 Speaker 1: the king and Queen were executed. The reign of terror 24 00:01:28,600 --> 00:01:32,440 Speaker 1: really prolonged and intensified the violence. It's it's probably what 25 00:01:32,480 --> 00:01:34,840 Speaker 1: you're thinking of if you're thinking of the French Revolution. 26 00:01:35,240 --> 00:01:38,800 Speaker 1: After that, the Directory was established, and then finally in 27 00:01:39,120 --> 00:01:43,280 Speaker 1: seventeen ninety nine, the Consulate was established, which essentially marked 28 00:01:43,280 --> 00:01:46,680 Speaker 1: the beginning of Napoleon's dictatorship. So that's kind of where 29 00:01:46,680 --> 00:01:49,960 Speaker 1: we're picking up. By eighteen o four, Napoleon was the 30 00:01:50,000 --> 00:01:53,760 Speaker 1: emperor and all the surviving Bourbons, or most of them 31 00:01:53,760 --> 00:01:58,000 Speaker 1: at least, were emigrats. They had left France long ago, 32 00:01:58,400 --> 00:02:01,120 Speaker 1: but they were really active emigrans. And since this is 33 00:02:01,160 --> 00:02:03,440 Speaker 1: their series after all, we're going to track them through 34 00:02:03,960 --> 00:02:08,120 Speaker 1: their revolutionary flights, throughout Napoleon's rule, through their own restoration 35 00:02:08,440 --> 00:02:11,480 Speaker 1: and their eventual fall. And in the course of that 36 00:02:11,560 --> 00:02:13,120 Speaker 1: we're going to take a look at the life of 37 00:02:13,160 --> 00:02:16,960 Speaker 1: their last son, who was this strange little man who 38 00:02:17,200 --> 00:02:21,200 Speaker 1: the legitimates um really placed their hopes on for restoration 39 00:02:21,240 --> 00:02:24,440 Speaker 1: of the monarchy, and he was the last French Bourbon. Yeah, 40 00:02:24,480 --> 00:02:27,520 Speaker 1: his name was Henri de Dolnay d'atoi and he was 41 00:02:27,600 --> 00:02:31,480 Speaker 1: the Comte de Chamboard, variously known as King Henry the 42 00:02:31,560 --> 00:02:35,720 Speaker 1: Fifth or depending on how you're looking at things, Henry 43 00:02:35,760 --> 00:02:39,920 Speaker 1: the pretender um. But long before the Conte de Chambourd 44 00:02:40,120 --> 00:02:43,520 Speaker 1: was even born, France had another pretender. This guy was 45 00:02:44,080 --> 00:02:47,480 Speaker 1: a lot more successful because he actually did become king, 46 00:02:47,600 --> 00:02:49,720 Speaker 1: and that was Louis the eighteenth, and he was the 47 00:02:49,760 --> 00:02:53,160 Speaker 1: younger brother of Louis the sixteenth. So just to give 48 00:02:53,200 --> 00:02:56,839 Speaker 1: you a little family history here, actually think I might 49 00:02:57,120 --> 00:02:59,200 Speaker 1: do a blog post of like a family tree or 50 00:02:59,280 --> 00:03:01,880 Speaker 1: some things that follow along that would be helpful, because 51 00:03:01,919 --> 00:03:04,079 Speaker 1: it's really confusing. It is. There's a lot of people, 52 00:03:04,320 --> 00:03:07,800 Speaker 1: a lot of Louise, a lot that's going on. Anyways, though, 53 00:03:08,040 --> 00:03:12,960 Speaker 1: the executed Louis the sixteenth was actually one of several brothers, 54 00:03:13,080 --> 00:03:17,480 Speaker 1: and his next oldest brother was Louis Donis Laus Xavier, 55 00:03:17,600 --> 00:03:21,080 Speaker 1: who was the Conte Provence, and during the revolution he 56 00:03:21,240 --> 00:03:25,919 Speaker 1: stayed behind in France pretty well into the heat of things. 57 00:03:26,000 --> 00:03:31,560 Speaker 1: He didn't leave until June, which was pretty risky of him. 58 00:03:31,720 --> 00:03:35,440 Speaker 1: The next youngest brother, though, was Charles Philippe, Comte d'Artois, 59 00:03:35,960 --> 00:03:38,920 Speaker 1: and he left really early on. Louis the sixteenth, you know, 60 00:03:39,040 --> 00:03:42,360 Speaker 1: knew that he had certain family interests to protect and 61 00:03:42,520 --> 00:03:46,040 Speaker 1: ordered his youngest brother out of France immediately after the 62 00:03:46,080 --> 00:03:50,440 Speaker 1: fall of the Bastille. So um, even though Louis. There's 63 00:03:50,480 --> 00:03:52,240 Speaker 1: a point of all this is, even though Louis the 64 00:03:52,320 --> 00:03:56,120 Speaker 1: sixteenth and his ten year old son died during the revolution, 65 00:03:56,880 --> 00:04:00,440 Speaker 1: there's still a fair number of Bourbons hanging round and 66 00:04:00,440 --> 00:04:04,520 Speaker 1: they're okay, they're secure, they're safely out of France, and 67 00:04:04,720 --> 00:04:08,400 Speaker 1: they just need an opening after after they've been deposed 68 00:04:08,400 --> 00:04:11,040 Speaker 1: from their throne, after Napoleon has been in power, they 69 00:04:11,080 --> 00:04:14,800 Speaker 1: just need an opening to get back. But unfortunately for them, 70 00:04:14,880 --> 00:04:19,080 Speaker 1: Napoleon is making that return look pretty unlikely. But on 71 00:04:19,120 --> 00:04:22,520 Speaker 1: the bright side, Louis Stanislaw Xavier, the Comte de Provence, 72 00:04:22,800 --> 00:04:26,000 Speaker 1: he has some time though. He promotes the royal cause 73 00:04:26,040 --> 00:04:29,360 Speaker 1: throughout Europe, and he refuses to abdicate and accept a 74 00:04:29,400 --> 00:04:33,200 Speaker 1: pension from Napoleon. So he sticks to his guns. He 75 00:04:33,279 --> 00:04:35,280 Speaker 1: isn't going to accept just being a rich guy. Yeah, 76 00:04:35,360 --> 00:04:38,919 Speaker 1: he considers himself Louis the eighteenth. He wants to be 77 00:04:39,080 --> 00:04:42,480 Speaker 1: king again, so he finally does get his opening as 78 00:04:42,600 --> 00:04:45,960 Speaker 1: Napoleon starts to slip from power in eighteen thirteen. At 79 00:04:46,000 --> 00:04:49,200 Speaker 1: that point, Louis the eighteenth puts out a manifesto stating 80 00:04:49,240 --> 00:04:52,880 Speaker 1: that he'd restore Bourbon power but also recognize some changes 81 00:04:52,920 --> 00:04:55,320 Speaker 1: from the Revolution. So he's trying to kind of make 82 00:04:55,400 --> 00:04:57,880 Speaker 1: peace here, find a middle ground. Yeah, he's he's saying, 83 00:04:57,880 --> 00:04:59,960 Speaker 1: I'm not going to be Louis the fourteenth, y'all, I 84 00:05:00,040 --> 00:05:04,440 Speaker 1: except that the Revolution happened, and I'll be as modern 85 00:05:04,560 --> 00:05:07,000 Speaker 1: of a monarch as a monarch can be. And it 86 00:05:07,080 --> 00:05:10,240 Speaker 1: works for him. He's restored to the throne on May three, 87 00:05:10,240 --> 00:05:13,520 Speaker 1: eighteen fourteen, and he starts to set up a constitutional 88 00:05:13,560 --> 00:05:16,520 Speaker 1: monarchy as opposed to an absolute monarchy, which we discussed 89 00:05:16,520 --> 00:05:20,040 Speaker 1: before in previous podcasts. Um, but guess who escapes from 90 00:05:20,080 --> 00:05:23,120 Speaker 1: Elba at that point, Yeah, Napoleon's back in town and 91 00:05:23,480 --> 00:05:26,440 Speaker 1: you have to imagine this would be pretty disheartening for 92 00:05:26,920 --> 00:05:29,719 Speaker 1: Louis the eighteen, who has been in exile for so long. 93 00:05:29,839 --> 00:05:33,400 Speaker 1: But when Napoleon back, the king is forced to flee 94 00:05:33,640 --> 00:05:37,840 Speaker 1: France yet again. Um. The Polay doesn't last very long, though, 95 00:05:37,839 --> 00:05:41,240 Speaker 1: He's only there for what's called the hundred days that 96 00:05:41,360 --> 00:05:43,599 Speaker 1: you can get a pretty good idea of how long 97 00:05:44,040 --> 00:05:48,200 Speaker 1: um and Louis returns to France after Napoleon's defeated at 98 00:05:48,240 --> 00:05:52,560 Speaker 1: Waterloo in eighteen fifteen. So the Bourbons are back, this 99 00:05:52,640 --> 00:05:55,919 Speaker 1: is the second restoration, but they are solidly back in 100 00:05:55,960 --> 00:05:59,440 Speaker 1: power now. It's still a very unsettled time for them, though. 101 00:06:00,200 --> 00:06:03,599 Speaker 1: The king is kind of between two radical groups. So 102 00:06:03,640 --> 00:06:06,719 Speaker 1: we're gonna kind of explain those two and really simplify 103 00:06:06,760 --> 00:06:10,120 Speaker 1: it for you here. On one hand, there were the Liberals, 104 00:06:10,520 --> 00:06:13,039 Speaker 1: and they did not want the Bourbons as kings at all. 105 00:06:13,600 --> 00:06:15,960 Speaker 1: On the other hand, there were the ultras or the 106 00:06:16,040 --> 00:06:20,320 Speaker 1: ultra royal East, and of these the king's brother, the 107 00:06:20,360 --> 00:06:23,800 Speaker 1: Comte de'artois, was the leader. So they were the extreme 108 00:06:23,960 --> 00:06:26,920 Speaker 1: kind of right wing of the royalist movement. They were 109 00:06:26,960 --> 00:06:31,200 Speaker 1: the larger landowners, the aristocracy, the clericalists, the former emigres, 110 00:06:31,600 --> 00:06:33,359 Speaker 1: and they'd like to do away with some of the 111 00:06:33,400 --> 00:06:37,600 Speaker 1: concessions made since the restoration. Yeah, so they weren't straight 112 00:06:37,640 --> 00:06:41,080 Speaker 1: like let's get back to absolute monarchy how it used 113 00:06:41,080 --> 00:06:44,919 Speaker 1: to be, but they definitely have their own interests in 114 00:06:45,040 --> 00:06:48,480 Speaker 1: mind and throw into this minx, which this already sounds 115 00:06:48,480 --> 00:06:51,480 Speaker 1: like it would be difficult enough to balance these two groups. 116 00:06:51,800 --> 00:06:55,120 Speaker 1: Throw into this mix the supporters of the Bourbon families, 117 00:06:55,200 --> 00:07:00,359 Speaker 1: Pesky or Leon cousins, who are the genealogically could debt 118 00:07:00,480 --> 00:07:04,680 Speaker 1: branch of the Bourbon family. They are descendants of Louis 119 00:07:03,920 --> 00:07:06,360 Speaker 1: the younger brother, if you if you want to get 120 00:07:06,400 --> 00:07:10,880 Speaker 1: strictly family tree on it. But there there are lots 121 00:07:10,920 --> 00:07:13,000 Speaker 1: of them for one thing, and they're always kind of 122 00:07:13,080 --> 00:07:18,040 Speaker 1: causing trouble and they're a big threat to King Louis. 123 00:07:18,080 --> 00:07:21,920 Speaker 1: And the main reason behind that is because the Bourbon 124 00:07:21,960 --> 00:07:25,040 Speaker 1: line is running pretty low on children. There aren't many 125 00:07:25,120 --> 00:07:28,920 Speaker 1: of them left. Yeah. Louie himself has no kids, but 126 00:07:29,040 --> 00:07:32,400 Speaker 1: his brother, the Comte Atoire, has two sons. The eldest 127 00:07:32,440 --> 00:07:34,360 Speaker 1: of these sons has been married to the surviving daughter 128 00:07:34,400 --> 00:07:37,600 Speaker 1: of Louis the sixteenth and Marie Antoinette for decades. They 129 00:07:37,640 --> 00:07:40,360 Speaker 1: have no kids and it seems unlikely at this point 130 00:07:40,360 --> 00:07:43,640 Speaker 1: that they ever will. The younger of the two sons, 131 00:07:43,760 --> 00:07:48,160 Speaker 1: Charles Ferdinand, Duke de Berry, has only daughters, but he 132 00:07:48,320 --> 00:07:50,280 Speaker 1: there's still some hope with him though he sort of 133 00:07:50,400 --> 00:07:53,000 Speaker 1: he could have more kids. There's potential. We know the 134 00:07:53,000 --> 00:07:56,200 Speaker 1: old French law though, so the daughters can't inherit. That 135 00:07:56,320 --> 00:07:59,040 Speaker 1: keeps on coming up in these episodes. It's kind of 136 00:07:59,040 --> 00:08:02,240 Speaker 1: how the Bourbons get or in the first place. But um, yeah, 137 00:08:02,280 --> 00:08:05,680 Speaker 1: the Duke de Berry, he's the hope for the Bourbons. 138 00:08:05,760 --> 00:08:09,000 Speaker 1: The hope is that he will have sons eventually. And 139 00:08:09,040 --> 00:08:14,720 Speaker 1: that's certainly what this liberal saddler named Louvel is thinking. Um, 140 00:08:14,760 --> 00:08:18,160 Speaker 1: a bit of a crazy guy is thinking when in 141 00:08:18,360 --> 00:08:22,960 Speaker 1: eighteen twenty he stabs, assassinates the Duke de Berry outside 142 00:08:22,960 --> 00:08:27,000 Speaker 1: of the opera and it's a terribly violent and kind 143 00:08:27,000 --> 00:08:29,640 Speaker 1: of extraordinary death. He stabs him in the back. The 144 00:08:29,680 --> 00:08:33,000 Speaker 1: blade goes straight through the Duke's body and hits the 145 00:08:33,120 --> 00:08:37,359 Speaker 1: metals on his chest. He survives, though he's not killed immediately. 146 00:08:37,600 --> 00:08:41,120 Speaker 1: He survives, and he's carried back inside of the opera house, 147 00:08:41,600 --> 00:08:45,520 Speaker 1: and you know, his his uncle, the king is called. 148 00:08:45,600 --> 00:08:49,640 Speaker 1: All the important ministers, the officers of state, the royal family, 149 00:08:49,679 --> 00:08:52,760 Speaker 1: they're all in this opera house where they're the dancers 150 00:08:52,880 --> 00:08:56,400 Speaker 1: and the flower girls and all of that business and 151 00:08:56,720 --> 00:08:59,920 Speaker 1: kind of show at that point, definitely, and the Archbishop 152 00:09:00,120 --> 00:09:05,040 Speaker 1: Paris even consecrates the hall for this royal heir to 153 00:09:05,040 --> 00:09:08,480 Speaker 1: to die in it in a suitable manner, which makes 154 00:09:08,520 --> 00:09:10,880 Speaker 1: it so the building can't be an opera house anymore. 155 00:09:11,320 --> 00:09:15,200 Speaker 1: But the Duke de Berry does die and France is 156 00:09:15,320 --> 00:09:19,320 Speaker 1: in deep mourning. It looks like there's no future for 157 00:09:19,360 --> 00:09:23,600 Speaker 1: the Bourbons beyond these few surviving men. Uh, there are 158 00:09:23,600 --> 00:09:27,680 Speaker 1: no sons to replace him? Or are there? Are there? Yes, 159 00:09:27,679 --> 00:09:30,080 Speaker 1: there's a surprise. The Duke's widow is pregnant, and in 160 00:09:30,080 --> 00:09:35,080 Speaker 1: September eight on red Do Done Dutoi the God Given. 161 00:09:36,000 --> 00:09:39,319 Speaker 1: You might remember that Moniker also given to another Bourbon 162 00:09:39,440 --> 00:09:43,600 Speaker 1: before Louis the fourteen is born. Some try to start 163 00:09:43,640 --> 00:09:46,040 Speaker 1: rumors that he's a change lane, but no one really 164 00:09:46,080 --> 00:09:50,080 Speaker 1: goes for it. Um. People are pretty actually excited about this. Yeah, 165 00:09:50,080 --> 00:09:53,320 Speaker 1: if you're into the monarchy, you're definitely excited about the 166 00:09:53,360 --> 00:09:56,120 Speaker 1: birth of his boy. He's the new hope for the Bourbons, 167 00:09:56,160 --> 00:09:59,480 Speaker 1: and he gets the title the Duke de Bordeaux and 168 00:10:00,040 --> 00:10:02,800 Speaker 1: he starts out of life in a pretty big way. 169 00:10:02,840 --> 00:10:06,120 Speaker 1: He's baptized in water from the river Jordan's been brought 170 00:10:06,160 --> 00:10:09,840 Speaker 1: all the way to frame and he's presented to crowds 171 00:10:09,840 --> 00:10:13,640 Speaker 1: at the Tuileri and people even raise money for him 172 00:10:13,679 --> 00:10:18,360 Speaker 1: to purchase this extremely elaborate Chateau de Chambourd, which makes 173 00:10:18,440 --> 00:10:21,280 Speaker 1: him the Comte de Chamboard, which is the title he 174 00:10:21,360 --> 00:10:24,320 Speaker 1: uses for most of his life. Um. They just want 175 00:10:24,480 --> 00:10:27,280 Speaker 1: this future king to have a palace that's suitable for 176 00:10:27,320 --> 00:10:29,800 Speaker 1: a king, and it certainly is. It's a palace that 177 00:10:29,880 --> 00:10:33,480 Speaker 1: Francis the First had really developed. It had four forty 178 00:10:33,600 --> 00:10:38,400 Speaker 1: rooms and to this day it's Europe's largest enclosed forest 179 00:10:38,480 --> 00:10:43,199 Speaker 1: park and it has France's longest wall, which is twenty 180 00:10:43,240 --> 00:10:47,240 Speaker 1: miles long. So it comes to fame. Indeed, fun trivia 181 00:10:47,360 --> 00:10:50,920 Speaker 1: fact for you. Um So, this little baby, the Comte 182 00:10:50,960 --> 00:10:55,280 Speaker 1: de Chambourd, seems like he's got things lining up pretty 183 00:10:55,280 --> 00:10:57,280 Speaker 1: well for him. It appears to be a bright future 184 00:10:57,320 --> 00:11:00,640 Speaker 1: at that point. But in eighteen twenty, the year of 185 00:11:00,720 --> 00:11:05,080 Speaker 1: Chambor's birth and his father's assassination, this also marks kind 186 00:11:05,080 --> 00:11:10,040 Speaker 1: of the end of moderate Bourbon rule because the Ultras 187 00:11:10,080 --> 00:11:12,600 Speaker 1: are starting to make a little headway. They're not so 188 00:11:13,400 --> 00:11:17,480 Speaker 1: middle ground anymore. Yeah, and things really only get worse 189 00:11:17,559 --> 00:11:21,280 Speaker 1: in eighteen twenty four, when Louis the eighteenth dies and 190 00:11:21,360 --> 00:11:25,680 Speaker 1: his brother, the Comte de Atois becomes King Charles the tenth, 191 00:11:25,800 --> 00:11:28,439 Speaker 1: and we know he is the leader of the ultras, 192 00:11:28,480 --> 00:11:31,520 Speaker 1: so we can imagine where what kind of politics he has, 193 00:11:31,559 --> 00:11:34,400 Speaker 1: and they're not exactly in line with the rest of 194 00:11:34,440 --> 00:11:37,200 Speaker 1: France at this point. Um. But the little Comte de 195 00:11:37,280 --> 00:11:42,079 Speaker 1: Chambard he features in his grandfather's coronation ceremony, he's still 196 00:11:42,120 --> 00:11:44,480 Speaker 1: popular with the people. He comes riding in and the 197 00:11:44,559 --> 00:11:48,400 Speaker 1: silver coach and wears a suit covered in little embroidered 198 00:11:48,520 --> 00:11:51,720 Speaker 1: silver lilies. And he's a really cute little kid. He's 199 00:11:51,760 --> 00:11:54,920 Speaker 1: blue eyed. He has been taught to smile at everyone. 200 00:11:55,320 --> 00:11:59,480 Speaker 1: He's popular, but like we said, grandfather, not so much 201 00:12:00,600 --> 00:12:03,400 Speaker 1: so the now in power ultras. They don't appeal to 202 00:12:03,440 --> 00:12:06,679 Speaker 1: the liberals or moderates at all. Charles the tenth rotates 203 00:12:06,720 --> 00:12:09,400 Speaker 1: through three different kinds of governments and by the time 204 00:12:09,480 --> 00:12:14,199 Speaker 1: he publishes restrictive ordinances in July eight thirty, the people 205 00:12:14,200 --> 00:12:16,160 Speaker 1: have kind of had enough, yeah, And those are the 206 00:12:16,240 --> 00:12:21,520 Speaker 1: July ordinances, and they restricted suffrage, they restricted freedom of 207 00:12:21,520 --> 00:12:24,280 Speaker 1: the press. So he had been chipping away at things 208 00:12:24,280 --> 00:12:26,960 Speaker 1: for the past few years, but this was really the 209 00:12:27,040 --> 00:12:29,360 Speaker 1: last straw for a lot of people. I mean it 210 00:12:29,480 --> 00:12:33,600 Speaker 1: was the last straw, right. So there are protests, demonstrations, 211 00:12:33,840 --> 00:12:36,600 Speaker 1: three days of fighting, and this is what we now 212 00:12:36,640 --> 00:12:40,559 Speaker 1: know as the July Revolution. So Charles the Tenth abdicates 213 00:12:41,120 --> 00:12:44,720 Speaker 1: his eldest son, who is childless as we mentioned, and 214 00:12:44,760 --> 00:12:47,360 Speaker 1: he really has no interest to rule anyway. He abdicates 215 00:12:47,400 --> 00:12:51,679 Speaker 1: twenty minutes later, so he's king. He wants to make 216 00:12:51,800 --> 00:12:54,760 Speaker 1: no secret that he has no interest in ruling France. Yeah, 217 00:12:54,840 --> 00:12:58,559 Speaker 1: so this leaves the young contecham board Charles the tenth 218 00:12:58,679 --> 00:13:02,679 Speaker 1: grandson to pickly king technically King Henry the Fifth and 219 00:13:03,240 --> 00:13:06,320 Speaker 1: Charles the tenth sort of promising too little, too late. 220 00:13:06,360 --> 00:13:09,240 Speaker 1: He hasn't realized that maybe this would have been a 221 00:13:09,240 --> 00:13:13,160 Speaker 1: good situation to set up earlier. He thinks maybe he 222 00:13:13,200 --> 00:13:17,520 Speaker 1: can combine family interests and make his rival cousin Louis Philippe, 223 00:13:17,520 --> 00:13:21,720 Speaker 1: who's the Duke Doleon Lieutenant General of the Kingdom, essentially 224 00:13:21,840 --> 00:13:25,839 Speaker 1: act as regent for his young grandson. So you still 225 00:13:25,880 --> 00:13:29,520 Speaker 1: have the Bourbon king, but the the Orleans family has 226 00:13:29,559 --> 00:13:33,360 Speaker 1: the power essentially. But Louis Philippe is not going to 227 00:13:33,400 --> 00:13:35,760 Speaker 1: go for this at this point, when he's so close, 228 00:13:35,880 --> 00:13:39,600 Speaker 1: he accepts the crown for himself and by August nine 229 00:13:39,840 --> 00:13:43,240 Speaker 1: he is King of the French and we should we 230 00:13:43,240 --> 00:13:46,600 Speaker 1: should note that title. He's not the king of France. 231 00:13:46,640 --> 00:13:50,640 Speaker 1: He's king of the French. Uh. It's supposed to sort 232 00:13:50,640 --> 00:13:53,640 Speaker 1: of signify that he's king of the people, the citizens, 233 00:13:53,760 --> 00:13:57,800 Speaker 1: and uh, he's really considered a bourgeois sort of monarch, 234 00:13:57,920 --> 00:14:00,800 Speaker 1: even though he's definitely is blue blood it as anyone. 235 00:14:01,160 --> 00:14:03,920 Speaker 1: I read a few interesting things in a lecture given 236 00:14:04,400 --> 00:14:08,440 Speaker 1: um at Yale by Professor John Merriman. Supposedly Louis Philippe 237 00:14:08,840 --> 00:14:12,040 Speaker 1: did things like visited Kentucky and sipped on bourbon, and 238 00:14:12,080 --> 00:14:15,840 Speaker 1: he carried an umbrella, which was considered very middle class. 239 00:14:16,640 --> 00:14:19,280 Speaker 1: I guess if you were noble, you'd have somebody somebody 240 00:14:19,320 --> 00:14:22,200 Speaker 1: carry it for you and you out of the rain. Anyways. Um, 241 00:14:22,240 --> 00:14:25,360 Speaker 1: so yeah, Louis Philippe definitely a different kind of king. 242 00:14:25,680 --> 00:14:30,080 Speaker 1: But it's still a constitutional monarchy. So for the Bourbons, 243 00:14:30,080 --> 00:14:35,240 Speaker 1: though that's technically it, they're never restored to the French throne. Um. 244 00:14:35,280 --> 00:14:37,400 Speaker 1: Like we said, we'll talk about the Spanish Bourbons on 245 00:14:37,560 --> 00:14:40,880 Speaker 1: the other side of this. But um, but we're still 246 00:14:40,920 --> 00:14:42,960 Speaker 1: not really done with shampboard. We want to tell you 247 00:14:43,000 --> 00:14:45,240 Speaker 1: a little more about him. Why didn't he become king 248 00:14:45,680 --> 00:14:48,680 Speaker 1: and how did France end up with a third Republic instead? 249 00:14:48,720 --> 00:14:52,360 Speaker 1: Of him since he was around. Yeah, he's the last Bourbon, 250 00:14:52,440 --> 00:14:54,880 Speaker 1: so we're gonna go to the end with him. So 251 00:14:55,000 --> 00:14:59,440 Speaker 1: after Louis Philippe sees the throne, Chambord of course had 252 00:14:59,480 --> 00:15:02,200 Speaker 1: to flee the country with his grandfather and they went 253 00:15:02,240 --> 00:15:04,800 Speaker 1: to Scotland. And it's kind of a sad story if 254 00:15:04,800 --> 00:15:07,960 Speaker 1: you consider that he's he's just ten years old at 255 00:15:08,000 --> 00:15:12,720 Speaker 1: this point, but nobody tells him that they are fleeing 256 00:15:12,800 --> 00:15:16,280 Speaker 1: the country, that they're no longer in power, and because 257 00:15:16,440 --> 00:15:19,120 Speaker 1: the rules of the court are so rigid, everyone is 258 00:15:19,280 --> 00:15:21,680 Speaker 1: calling him king and they're treating him like he's king. 259 00:15:21,760 --> 00:15:25,800 Speaker 1: So he's really excited. He thinks, finally I'm king, and 260 00:15:26,240 --> 00:15:29,400 Speaker 1: he and his sister blow kisses to the people from 261 00:15:29,400 --> 00:15:34,600 Speaker 1: the carriage while they're leaving France forever potentially definitely a 262 00:15:34,640 --> 00:15:38,480 Speaker 1: little tragic there. It definitely was the court at that point. 263 00:15:38,520 --> 00:15:41,920 Speaker 1: They moved to Prague, um no clear date of return. 264 00:15:42,360 --> 00:15:45,400 Speaker 1: So he's brought up still as a Bourbon, though he's 265 00:15:45,400 --> 00:15:48,880 Speaker 1: brought up to cherish his heritage, to hate the Revolution, 266 00:15:49,040 --> 00:15:53,120 Speaker 1: and unfortunately not to learn a whole lot else. Besides that, 267 00:15:53,280 --> 00:15:57,960 Speaker 1: his French history was extremely romantic, so not necessarily true 268 00:15:58,600 --> 00:16:01,640 Speaker 1: um in all respects, and it was all the good 269 00:16:01,640 --> 00:16:04,280 Speaker 1: stuff basically none of the bad. And he ended up 270 00:16:04,320 --> 00:16:07,840 Speaker 1: with this idea of, I guess, a perfect regime that 271 00:16:07,920 --> 00:16:11,960 Speaker 1: never really existed. Yeah, his idea of his ancestors was 272 00:16:12,040 --> 00:16:16,560 Speaker 1: just not not anywhere close to the reality. And in 273 00:16:16,640 --> 00:16:19,080 Speaker 1: his late teens he also goes through this sort of 274 00:16:19,160 --> 00:16:23,560 Speaker 1: macab phase. He is very devout, and his religious devotion 275 00:16:23,680 --> 00:16:26,280 Speaker 1: ultimately turns off his confessor a little bit. Even a 276 00:16:26,400 --> 00:16:28,880 Speaker 1: confessor thinks he's going a little too far with it 277 00:16:28,960 --> 00:16:32,240 Speaker 1: for a potential king at some point, and so the 278 00:16:32,320 --> 00:16:35,000 Speaker 1: boy is sent abroad, you know, they think that will 279 00:16:35,040 --> 00:16:38,000 Speaker 1: help lighten him up a little bit. And he's received 280 00:16:38,000 --> 00:16:40,920 Speaker 1: in all these foreign courts as king, which is something 281 00:16:40,960 --> 00:16:43,960 Speaker 1: that I think Louis Philippe must have not much cared 282 00:16:44,000 --> 00:16:47,720 Speaker 1: for since he was king of the French Um. But 283 00:16:48,120 --> 00:16:51,920 Speaker 1: Schaumbor is not well educated, and so his appearances in 284 00:16:52,040 --> 00:16:56,160 Speaker 1: all of these courts is a little funny. He's up too, 285 00:16:56,360 --> 00:16:59,200 Speaker 1: So that's probably the best word to describe him. Yeah, 286 00:16:59,280 --> 00:17:02,520 Speaker 1: people in foreign courts actually don't know what to make 287 00:17:02,560 --> 00:17:05,639 Speaker 1: of him quite They they wonder is he is he 288 00:17:05,760 --> 00:17:08,720 Speaker 1: playing a game? Is he you know, having a joke 289 00:17:08,960 --> 00:17:11,119 Speaker 1: as of some sort, and it's only later that it 290 00:17:11,160 --> 00:17:13,200 Speaker 1: becomes clear that he's actually a little bit of a 291 00:17:13,280 --> 00:17:17,439 Speaker 1: joke himself. Yeah, he gives such simple replies to questions 292 00:17:17,480 --> 00:17:19,840 Speaker 1: that they think surely, you know, they're waiting for him 293 00:17:19,840 --> 00:17:22,760 Speaker 1: to be kidding a smile or something. I just I 294 00:17:22,800 --> 00:17:27,040 Speaker 1: can definitely imagine this kind of scene going down. But 295 00:17:27,119 --> 00:17:30,320 Speaker 1: one thing that doesn't help his later reputation is he 296 00:17:30,359 --> 00:17:33,000 Speaker 1: has a horse riding accident when he's still pretty young 297 00:17:33,080 --> 00:17:36,119 Speaker 1: and breaks his leg. It really limits the amount of 298 00:17:36,160 --> 00:17:39,080 Speaker 1: exercise he can do, and he puts on quite a 299 00:17:39,119 --> 00:17:41,120 Speaker 1: bit of weight throughout the rest of his life. He's 300 00:17:41,160 --> 00:17:45,959 Speaker 1: already not a particularly tall fellow. He goes bald. You know, 301 00:17:46,400 --> 00:17:48,800 Speaker 1: nothing wrong with any of that, but his appearance is 302 00:17:49,200 --> 00:17:53,200 Speaker 1: not working in his favor for this pretender who's trying 303 00:17:53,240 --> 00:17:57,120 Speaker 1: to reclaim his throne. He's not particularly dashing. Yeah, quite 304 00:17:57,119 --> 00:17:59,560 Speaker 1: a quite a way is away from our green gallant 305 00:17:59,640 --> 00:18:04,080 Speaker 1: that we started the series with exactly Still, though, becoming 306 00:18:04,200 --> 00:18:06,840 Speaker 1: king is his dream, believe it or not, and he 307 00:18:06,960 --> 00:18:09,560 Speaker 1: seems like he's only waiting for the right opportunity to 308 00:18:09,640 --> 00:18:13,200 Speaker 1: kind of slip in there. But when the July monarchy 309 00:18:13,280 --> 00:18:16,000 Speaker 1: of his cousin Louis Philippe is overturned, and Louis Philippe 310 00:18:16,040 --> 00:18:20,160 Speaker 1: is actually ousted from power during the Revolution of Shamboard 311 00:18:20,240 --> 00:18:22,199 Speaker 1: doesn't really step up to the plate. He doesn't do 312 00:18:22,240 --> 00:18:25,919 Speaker 1: anything to really take advantage of that opportunity. He's just 313 00:18:26,080 --> 00:18:29,679 Speaker 1: married the daughter of the Duke of Medina, and he 314 00:18:29,760 --> 00:18:34,120 Speaker 1: has considerable resources and potential for support, especially she brought 315 00:18:34,160 --> 00:18:38,200 Speaker 1: a lot of money into their alliance for right, so 316 00:18:38,440 --> 00:18:42,879 Speaker 1: he could be the replacement for Louis Philippe. But he 317 00:18:43,040 --> 00:18:46,000 Speaker 1: sort of waffles at that point. Yeah, he does, and 318 00:18:46,119 --> 00:18:48,760 Speaker 1: he's not quite willing to fight his way into Paris. 319 00:18:48,920 --> 00:18:53,000 Speaker 1: And there's another air hanging about, of course, Louis Napoleon, 320 00:18:53,080 --> 00:18:58,080 Speaker 1: who's the nephew of Napoleon Bonaparte. And while sham Boy 321 00:18:58,240 --> 00:19:00,959 Speaker 1: is waffling, trying to just what he's going to do, 322 00:19:01,160 --> 00:19:04,440 Speaker 1: backing out at the last minute, this other heir, Louis Napoleon, 323 00:19:04,600 --> 00:19:08,680 Speaker 1: is growing a lot more popular, and I think it's interesting. 324 00:19:08,720 --> 00:19:12,919 Speaker 1: I read two obituaries and they each took really different 325 00:19:12,920 --> 00:19:16,879 Speaker 1: opinions on on this waffling. One was from the Times 326 00:19:16,920 --> 00:19:19,960 Speaker 1: of London and it really looked down on this as cowardice. 327 00:19:20,040 --> 00:19:23,720 Speaker 1: I mean they were quite clear. They considered Chambord coward 328 00:19:23,800 --> 00:19:25,879 Speaker 1: for not claiming his right, and that's going to of 329 00:19:25,880 --> 00:19:29,119 Speaker 1: the initial reaction you have. I think, let's just go 330 00:19:29,240 --> 00:19:31,639 Speaker 1: for it. Uh. The obituary in the New York Times 331 00:19:31,640 --> 00:19:35,280 Speaker 1: they took a different opinion, and it was more like, 332 00:19:35,400 --> 00:19:39,920 Speaker 1: after seeing so much blood shed, Chambord decided that if 333 00:19:39,960 --> 00:19:42,960 Speaker 1: he was going to win back his right, he would 334 00:19:42,960 --> 00:19:45,080 Speaker 1: do it peacefully. So I can see that. I can 335 00:19:45,119 --> 00:19:47,080 Speaker 1: see that too. I mean, here's somebody who most of 336 00:19:47,119 --> 00:19:50,840 Speaker 1: his family has been killed in revolutions. You can see 337 00:19:50,840 --> 00:19:54,640 Speaker 1: why he'd be hesitant to bring his country to war again. Yeah. 338 00:19:54,720 --> 00:19:58,000 Speaker 1: I mean, ultimately, perhaps it was some combination of the two, 339 00:19:58,400 --> 00:20:01,800 Speaker 1: very likely really of him, but I guess we can't 340 00:20:01,840 --> 00:20:05,720 Speaker 1: know that now. Soon enough, the more tenacious Bonaparte Air 341 00:20:05,800 --> 00:20:09,040 Speaker 1: had in fact established himself as the leader of the 342 00:20:09,080 --> 00:20:13,560 Speaker 1: Second Empire and became Napoleon the Third. So for Schampboard, 343 00:20:13,560 --> 00:20:15,640 Speaker 1: it's just back to the gambling table. In life abroad, 344 00:20:15,960 --> 00:20:18,800 Speaker 1: he spends most of his time playing cards and telling 345 00:20:18,840 --> 00:20:21,800 Speaker 1: anti Semitic jokes with his entourage and just not really 346 00:20:21,800 --> 00:20:25,359 Speaker 1: doing much serious. Yeah. He likes the easy life for sure, 347 00:20:25,680 --> 00:20:30,000 Speaker 1: and remarkably though you would expect somebody like this would 348 00:20:30,040 --> 00:20:32,760 Speaker 1: just stay at the cards and gambling as long as 349 00:20:32,760 --> 00:20:35,679 Speaker 1: he had the resources to do so. But remarkably, for 350 00:20:35,720 --> 00:20:38,600 Speaker 1: this guy who did hardly anything to make his dream 351 00:20:38,600 --> 00:20:42,520 Speaker 1: of becoming king happen, he gets a second chance to 352 00:20:42,600 --> 00:20:45,479 Speaker 1: become king. Twenty years later in eighteen seventy I mean, 353 00:20:45,560 --> 00:20:50,160 Speaker 1: go figure, the Second Empire collapses in yet another revolution. 354 00:20:50,200 --> 00:20:51,680 Speaker 1: We told you they were going to be a lot 355 00:20:51,720 --> 00:20:54,760 Speaker 1: of these. Um. That revolution was followed by the Paris 356 00:20:54,800 --> 00:20:59,879 Speaker 1: Commune in eighteen seventy one. So again there's chaotic, violent 357 00:21:00,160 --> 00:21:03,680 Speaker 1: in France and an opening for a new leader. And 358 00:21:04,200 --> 00:21:07,080 Speaker 1: by this point those Chamboy is about fifty years old, 359 00:21:07,200 --> 00:21:12,320 Speaker 1: he's middle aged, he's childless, um, but he's still keen 360 00:21:12,400 --> 00:21:14,520 Speaker 1: on the idea of becoming king. I mean, it's enough 361 00:21:14,600 --> 00:21:17,800 Speaker 1: to rouse them from his card table, I guess. So 362 00:21:17,840 --> 00:21:21,080 Speaker 1: when a royal majority is elected to the National Assembly 363 00:21:21,080 --> 00:21:24,520 Speaker 1: in eighteen seventy, restoration really seems possible for him, and 364 00:21:24,560 --> 00:21:28,520 Speaker 1: so he finally he actually acts. This time on October nine, 365 00:21:28,640 --> 00:21:32,399 Speaker 1: eighteen seventy, after Napoleon the Thirds fall, Shamboard issues a 366 00:21:32,520 --> 00:21:35,879 Speaker 1: proclamation inviting all of France to reunite under the Bourbons. 367 00:21:36,040 --> 00:21:39,679 Speaker 1: At this point, he's pretty he's conciliatory. He he doesn't 368 00:21:39,840 --> 00:21:42,080 Speaker 1: want to be the old regime, but he claims that 369 00:21:42,119 --> 00:21:44,239 Speaker 1: he'll also work to restore the church to what it 370 00:21:44,320 --> 00:21:48,720 Speaker 1: was once in France. And that's a position that could 371 00:21:48,720 --> 00:21:51,160 Speaker 1: prove to be quite popular at the time, because there 372 00:21:51,160 --> 00:21:54,360 Speaker 1: were waves of revivals in the eighteen seventies. So it's 373 00:21:54,359 --> 00:21:58,000 Speaker 1: a conservative position, but one that people might actually go for. 374 00:21:58,680 --> 00:22:02,840 Speaker 1: And eventually champ Or even finally comes to Paris, which 375 00:22:02,880 --> 00:22:06,560 Speaker 1: is the city that he's obviously hardly spent any time in, 376 00:22:06,760 --> 00:22:09,640 Speaker 1: and he tours the city because he doesn't know it well. 377 00:22:09,720 --> 00:22:12,200 Speaker 1: He goes to places like Notre Dame and Sant Chappelle, 378 00:22:12,760 --> 00:22:15,280 Speaker 1: and in just a side note here, he is really 379 00:22:15,320 --> 00:22:19,040 Speaker 1: interested in his ancestors. It makes sense for a guy 380 00:22:19,080 --> 00:22:22,600 Speaker 1: like this, but he supposedly kept what he thought were 381 00:22:22,640 --> 00:22:25,200 Speaker 1: the bones of Marie Antoinette with him at all time. 382 00:22:25,280 --> 00:22:28,439 Speaker 1: I guess that played into his maccab teen years a 383 00:22:28,440 --> 00:22:31,119 Speaker 1: little too. It just seems so odd to think of 384 00:22:31,119 --> 00:22:33,760 Speaker 1: a king. You're about to try to be king of 385 00:22:33,760 --> 00:22:36,080 Speaker 1: the country and you know so little about it. You're 386 00:22:36,080 --> 00:22:39,320 Speaker 1: going to see like all the big sites, right, like 387 00:22:39,359 --> 00:22:42,720 Speaker 1: where I would go. But it turns out that although 388 00:22:43,440 --> 00:22:45,760 Speaker 1: Shamboard put a certain face forward in the beginning, he 389 00:22:45,800 --> 00:22:47,880 Speaker 1: wasn't necessarily as open to change as you would think. 390 00:22:47,920 --> 00:22:51,600 Speaker 1: He started actually putting out these publications that probably alienated 391 00:22:51,640 --> 00:22:53,600 Speaker 1: a lot of his supporters at that time. Yeah, they 392 00:22:53,600 --> 00:22:57,000 Speaker 1: made him seem more absolutist than ever one was from 393 00:22:57,119 --> 00:23:01,440 Speaker 1: eighteen seventy two missy day one for UM eighteen seventy three, 394 00:23:01,840 --> 00:23:07,840 Speaker 1: manifest a Program Politique and del Institutions du regents in 395 00:23:08,040 --> 00:23:12,400 Speaker 1: eighteen seventy four. But it really, I mean, if legitimates 396 00:23:12,400 --> 00:23:15,800 Speaker 1: and oilinists at the beginning seemed like maybe they could compromise, 397 00:23:16,040 --> 00:23:19,200 Speaker 1: it didn't seem like that could happen anymore. He did 398 00:23:19,240 --> 00:23:22,119 Speaker 1: seem really absolutist, like he wasn't going to be a 399 00:23:22,200 --> 00:23:27,159 Speaker 1: modern king. And interestingly, though his undoing turns out to 400 00:23:27,240 --> 00:23:32,400 Speaker 1: be his rigid stance on the French flag. His advisors 401 00:23:32,440 --> 00:23:35,359 Speaker 1: tell him that he can he can maybe make it, 402 00:23:35,480 --> 00:23:38,399 Speaker 1: even even now, even with all of these sort of 403 00:23:38,440 --> 00:23:42,000 Speaker 1: absolutist ideas he's putting forth, he could maybe become king 404 00:23:42,080 --> 00:23:45,680 Speaker 1: if he agrees to keep the tricolure, which is of 405 00:23:45,720 --> 00:23:49,280 Speaker 1: course the flag of the Revolution. It's the Bourbon white 406 00:23:49,320 --> 00:23:52,679 Speaker 1: flag flanked by the red and blue of Paris. But 407 00:23:52,760 --> 00:23:56,280 Speaker 1: he tells his advisors that he would not become the 408 00:23:56,400 --> 00:24:00,000 Speaker 1: quote legitimate king of the Revolution because I mean, for him, 409 00:24:00,480 --> 00:24:02,919 Speaker 1: it's the flag that killed his family. He's not going 410 00:24:02,960 --> 00:24:06,720 Speaker 1: to be king behind that flag. So royalists, you know, 411 00:24:06,880 --> 00:24:10,440 Speaker 1: desperate to work with this guy anyway they can, suggests 412 00:24:10,480 --> 00:24:14,480 Speaker 1: that okay, he could be king with his Bourbon white 413 00:24:14,480 --> 00:24:18,159 Speaker 1: Bourbon flag with the Fleur de lis during his lifetime, 414 00:24:18,520 --> 00:24:22,080 Speaker 1: but then after his death he would be succeeded by 415 00:24:22,240 --> 00:24:25,480 Speaker 1: his Orlean cousin, and then the flag would revert to 416 00:24:26,280 --> 00:24:29,119 Speaker 1: the red, white and blue French flag of the Revolution. 417 00:24:29,840 --> 00:24:33,080 Speaker 1: He says that quote without my principles, I am just 418 00:24:33,160 --> 00:24:35,520 Speaker 1: a fat man with a big limp. And that's again 419 00:24:35,560 --> 00:24:40,200 Speaker 1: according to Professor Merriman, he can't stand behind that. It's 420 00:24:40,240 --> 00:24:42,399 Speaker 1: just against how he feels. He's not going to be 421 00:24:42,520 --> 00:24:47,119 Speaker 1: king and have the flag he doesn't believe in. So 422 00:24:47,240 --> 00:24:50,920 Speaker 1: in June seventy four, the motion to restore the Bourbons 423 00:24:51,000 --> 00:24:56,000 Speaker 1: is defeated because he takes this stand, and it's defeated 424 00:24:56,000 --> 00:24:58,720 Speaker 1: by a vote of two d seventy two to seventy 425 00:24:58,760 --> 00:25:04,240 Speaker 1: nine quite handled. Um. January three, eighteen seventy five, the 426 00:25:04,280 --> 00:25:09,600 Speaker 1: Republic is formally adopted by one vote, So that's the 427 00:25:09,800 --> 00:25:14,520 Speaker 1: end of the Bourbon cause for sure. But it's interesting though, 428 00:25:14,560 --> 00:25:17,560 Speaker 1: because a lot of people think that this Republic will 429 00:25:17,600 --> 00:25:21,040 Speaker 1: be temporary, the Third republic Um. A lot of the 430 00:25:21,080 --> 00:25:24,280 Speaker 1: monarchists planned to to wait it out, weighed out the 431 00:25:24,320 --> 00:25:27,879 Speaker 1: life of Schamboard, who is, after all, middle aged, not 432 00:25:28,000 --> 00:25:31,880 Speaker 1: the healthiest guy in the world. Maybe when he finally 433 00:25:31,920 --> 00:25:36,360 Speaker 1: dies they can put in his less conservative cousin, but 434 00:25:36,560 --> 00:25:39,679 Speaker 1: he lives until eighteen eighty three, and by that point 435 00:25:40,040 --> 00:25:44,280 Speaker 1: nobody really wants a king anyways. The Republic seems to 436 00:25:44,280 --> 00:25:46,520 Speaker 1: be working out better than most things have in the 437 00:25:46,560 --> 00:25:49,760 Speaker 1: past few years, and it ends up blasting until the 438 00:25:49,800 --> 00:25:53,080 Speaker 1: spring of nineteen forty when it's ultimately toppled by the 439 00:25:53,200 --> 00:25:57,960 Speaker 1: Vichy regime. So that's that's how the Third Republic is established. 440 00:25:58,000 --> 00:26:01,320 Speaker 1: It's interesting that it partly comes down to the decisions 441 00:26:01,400 --> 00:26:05,240 Speaker 1: of this strange little guy who's into gambling and can't 442 00:26:05,240 --> 00:26:09,119 Speaker 1: really let his history go and his stubbornness over a flag, 443 00:26:09,119 --> 00:26:11,439 Speaker 1: which seems so simple. But then again, I guess, like 444 00:26:11,440 --> 00:26:13,320 Speaker 1: you said, it did represent a whole lot to him. 445 00:26:13,359 --> 00:26:17,480 Speaker 1: So if you visit his chateau today you can see 446 00:26:17,520 --> 00:26:21,200 Speaker 1: his obviously never used coronation outfits and souvenirs. So apparently 447 00:26:21,200 --> 00:26:24,200 Speaker 1: he thought there was hope. Still wasn't willing to march 448 00:26:24,240 --> 00:26:29,200 Speaker 1: into Paris, but was willing to commission a coronation outfit. Apparently. Um, 449 00:26:29,240 --> 00:26:32,560 Speaker 1: I think it's interesting. Apparently there are still royalists left 450 00:26:32,600 --> 00:26:35,879 Speaker 1: in France today, probably not very many, but I heard 451 00:26:36,320 --> 00:26:39,159 Speaker 1: about a year ago now a story on Morning Edition 452 00:26:39,359 --> 00:26:43,280 Speaker 1: about people mourning the death of Louis the sixteenth and 453 00:26:43,440 --> 00:26:47,240 Speaker 1: hoping that hundreds of years, two hundred years after the fact, 454 00:26:47,640 --> 00:26:51,840 Speaker 1: France would still have a king again. Um, it's interesting. 455 00:26:51,880 --> 00:26:55,440 Speaker 1: I think there are a lot of potential pretenders. Obviously 456 00:26:55,920 --> 00:26:59,399 Speaker 1: no serious pretenders, but it's a lot of descendants to 457 00:26:59,480 --> 00:27:02,679 Speaker 1: choose for um. But it was interesting. In the in 458 00:27:02,720 --> 00:27:05,840 Speaker 1: the Morning Edition program, the common theme seemed to be 459 00:27:05,920 --> 00:27:08,440 Speaker 1: that Louis the sixt was such a good king, which 460 00:27:09,160 --> 00:27:12,359 Speaker 1: you can't bring him back. Yeah, I mean it was 461 00:27:12,400 --> 00:27:14,399 Speaker 1: seemed more to be I think they called it like 462 00:27:14,440 --> 00:27:19,439 Speaker 1: a protest against modern world, rather than uh sort of 463 00:27:19,480 --> 00:27:23,360 Speaker 1: support of any particular person or potential pretender. You've got 464 00:27:23,359 --> 00:27:25,480 Speaker 1: to have a cause them. You gotta have a pretender 465 00:27:25,520 --> 00:27:27,960 Speaker 1: if you're going to be talking about bringing back the monarchy. 466 00:27:28,080 --> 00:27:31,119 Speaker 1: Maybe so, maybe so. I guess their idea was that 467 00:27:31,200 --> 00:27:33,520 Speaker 1: only a king could represent all the people, like a 468 00:27:33,520 --> 00:27:38,400 Speaker 1: president can only represent his particular political party. One way 469 00:27:38,400 --> 00:27:41,000 Speaker 1: of looking at it, I guess. But either way, the 470 00:27:41,119 --> 00:27:43,760 Speaker 1: springs the story of the French Bourbons at least to 471 00:27:43,880 --> 00:27:46,200 Speaker 1: a close. And as we promised that we're gonna take 472 00:27:46,200 --> 00:27:48,000 Speaker 1: a look at the Spanish Bourbon. So we'll do that 473 00:27:48,560 --> 00:27:52,359 Speaker 1: down the road. Um, but it's been kind of a 474 00:27:52,400 --> 00:27:55,520 Speaker 1: long ride, it has, and we have one more stop 475 00:27:55,640 --> 00:28:01,080 Speaker 1: along the way, brings us to listener mail. So this 476 00:28:01,400 --> 00:28:05,040 Speaker 1: message is from Chelsea, and she wrote, Dear Sarah and Dablina, 477 00:28:05,160 --> 00:28:08,240 Speaker 1: as a French English translator who've had to sit through 478 00:28:08,320 --> 00:28:11,560 Speaker 1: hours of French history classes, and I'm really enjoying your 479 00:28:11,560 --> 00:28:14,520 Speaker 1: series in the Bourbon. I'm sharing some photos with you. 480 00:28:14,720 --> 00:28:16,520 Speaker 1: When I was living in France a couple of years ago, 481 00:28:16,560 --> 00:28:19,000 Speaker 1: I lived right next to a suburb called Saint Germain 482 00:28:19,080 --> 00:28:22,120 Speaker 1: on Lay, where there is an ancient chateau where Louis 483 00:28:22,160 --> 00:28:25,399 Speaker 1: the fourteenth was born. To me, it is very impressive, 484 00:28:25,440 --> 00:28:27,520 Speaker 1: but I guess when you're King of France. It's just 485 00:28:27,600 --> 00:28:30,320 Speaker 1: not big enough since he had to go and build Versai. 486 00:28:30,480 --> 00:28:33,320 Speaker 1: And she sent some very nice photos. She wrote under 487 00:28:33,359 --> 00:28:36,840 Speaker 1: the Vichy government, the Nazis operated from the chateau and 488 00:28:36,840 --> 00:28:40,720 Speaker 1: there are still two massive concrete monkers outside the chateau 489 00:28:40,840 --> 00:28:43,520 Speaker 1: that were built by the Nazis. They're really ugly and 490 00:28:43,640 --> 00:28:47,480 Speaker 1: kind of a blot on an otherwise lovely play. So um, yeah, 491 00:28:47,520 --> 00:28:50,920 Speaker 1: if you check this photo out, I'm sure you could 492 00:28:50,960 --> 00:28:55,720 Speaker 1: search for it online. It is pretty interesting, this juxtaposition. Um. 493 00:28:55,760 --> 00:28:58,840 Speaker 1: But anyways, thank you Chelsea for sharing your photos and 494 00:28:58,880 --> 00:29:02,480 Speaker 1: your thoughts on the burd been theories. And we'll see 495 00:29:02,480 --> 00:29:06,240 Speaker 1: all next time with our our conclusion, our Spanish conclusion 496 00:29:06,280 --> 00:29:09,440 Speaker 1: to this very long series. But if you want to 497 00:29:09,520 --> 00:29:12,600 Speaker 1: learn a little bit more about how royal families and 498 00:29:12,680 --> 00:29:15,320 Speaker 1: royalty work, I think we've pointed you to this one before. 499 00:29:15,480 --> 00:29:18,040 Speaker 1: If he didn't get chicken out yet, to visit our 500 00:29:18,160 --> 00:29:21,560 Speaker 1: homepage and type in royalty at www dot how stuff 501 00:29:21,560 --> 00:29:27,800 Speaker 1: works dot com For more on this and thousands of 502 00:29:27,800 --> 00:29:30,560 Speaker 1: other topics. Visit how stuff works dot com. To learn 503 00:29:30,600 --> 00:29:33,440 Speaker 1: more about the podcast, click on the podcast icon in 504 00:29:33,480 --> 00:29:36,720 Speaker 1: the upper right corner of our homepage. The how stuff works. 505 00:29:36,720 --> 00:29:39,960 Speaker 1: iPhone app has arrived. Download it today on iTunes.