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Speaker 1: Welcome to Stuff you missed in History Class from house

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Speaker 1: works dot com. Hello, and welcome to the podcast. I'm

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Speaker 1: only cry I'm Tracy Wilson. Uh So, every once in

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Speaker 1: a while, I'm sure this happens to Tracy too, but

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Speaker 1: in this case, it's happened to me. A potential topic

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Speaker 1: we'll just sort of keep putting itself in front of

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Speaker 1: my field of vision, and today is one of those.

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Speaker 1: It's a topic that came up randomly in a discussion

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Speaker 1: with my husband one night, and then the next morning

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Speaker 1: we had a listener mail request for it from our

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Speaker 1: listener Rachel. And then a day or two later, uh we,

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Speaker 1: my husband and I were watching a making of short

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Speaker 1: film about the design influences in the Disney movie Rerecord Ralph,

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Speaker 1: and it came up, and then one of my friends

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Speaker 1: off handedly mentioned it as well. And so at that

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Speaker 1: point I felt like, I we clearly need to talk

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Speaker 1: about this topic because otherwise it's just going to keep

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Speaker 1: poking itself into my life. I don't really leave in

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Speaker 1: you know, fate, etcetera. But you know, Universe, if you're

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Speaker 1: trying to send me a message, I got it. So

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Speaker 1: we're going to talk about an architect who is pretty

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Speaker 1: well known. His work is left an indelible mark, particularly

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Speaker 1: on the city of Barcelona, and then as Antony Goudy,

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Speaker 1: and I can tell you right out of the gate,

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Speaker 1: this is going to be one of the best episodes

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Speaker 1: for us in terms of Pinterest content of all time,

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Speaker 1: because there's so many beautiful pictures of his work. And

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Speaker 1: if you think that you do not know Goudy's work,

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Speaker 1: I would actually bet that you do, even if you

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Speaker 1: do not recognize his name, or in the case of

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Speaker 1: a lot of people, they recognize his name and they

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Speaker 1: know he was an architect, and they even know maybe

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Speaker 1: some of the buildings that he worked on, but they

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Speaker 1: don't kind of know the whole story there. Uh. His work,

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Speaker 1: which is part of the Catalan modernist movement, is incredibly

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Speaker 1: eye catching. It's really creative. It's unlike almost any other

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Speaker 1: architecture you will ever see. It often shows up in

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Speaker 1: lists that will appear online of like crazy buildings made

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Speaker 1: in history that you know, they look super ultra modern,

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Speaker 1: like they were crafted, you know, in very recent history,

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Speaker 1: and in fact they're quite old. Uh. He built residences,

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Speaker 1: he built public spaces, he built places of worship and

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Speaker 1: all of them are really really incredibly breathtaking. And so

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Speaker 1: for just a little bit of background, the Modern East

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Speaker 1: movement or Modernism if you just wanna do the slouchy version,

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Speaker 1: ran from around eighteen eighty to World War One, and

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Speaker 1: it developed in tandem with the naturalism movement and the

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Speaker 1: Arts and crafts movement and aesthetic as well as Art nouveau,

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Speaker 1: and so you'll see hints of all of those echoed

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Speaker 1: throughout it. And it combines the ideas of traditionalism with

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Speaker 1: the usage of modern technique and really modern materials. So

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Speaker 1: that's the setup for talking about Anthony Goudy born on

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Speaker 1: June fifty two and Tony Placid Guiam Goudy Cornet was

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Speaker 1: the fifth child of Francesk Goudy Sarah and Antonia Cornett

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Speaker 1: our Trend. The father, France ESQ, was a copper smith

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Speaker 1: and Gowdy's mother was also from a copper smithing family.

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Speaker 1: Gouty would later on say in his life that his

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Speaker 1: ability to perceive space and to think three dimensionally came

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Speaker 1: from watching his family members at work. Yeah, you know,

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Speaker 1: watching them sort of build these various metal pieces really

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Speaker 1: gave him a sense of how things go together, and

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Speaker 1: his family tree actually traces back to the south of France,

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Speaker 1: so one of his fraternal ancestors settled in re Use

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Speaker 1: in Catalonia, Spain in sixty five, so they were there

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Speaker 1: for quite some time before he was born. Goude's actual

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Speaker 1: place of birth is kind of debatable. Some biographies say

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Speaker 1: that he was born in Horeyou, Spain, and others say

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Speaker 1: that he was born in his family's country home, which

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Speaker 1: was in between that city and Radon. But we do

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Speaker 1: know for sure is that he was baptized the next

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Speaker 1: day in Race at the Church of St. Peter the Apostle. Yeah,

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Speaker 1: I'm part of theason that there is a little bit

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Speaker 1: of debate over his birthplace has to do with the

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Speaker 1: fact that he is really a very beloved figure and

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Speaker 1: I think everybody would like to claim him as a

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Speaker 1: son of their city. Um. As a child, he was

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Speaker 1: actually plagued by health issues. He had a rheumatic issue

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Speaker 1: that limited his mobility and that meant his interactions with

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Speaker 1: other children were also quite limited. He had to ride

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Speaker 1: on a donkey to get around and walking was really

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Speaker 1: too painful for him to manage much of it. And

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Speaker 1: it's likely if you look at it through the lens

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Speaker 1: of modern medicine that he had juvenile idiopathic arthritis, also

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Speaker 1: known as juvenile rheumatoid arthritis, which is an autoimmune disease

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Speaker 1: which can cause damage to tissues and severe inflammation of

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Speaker 1: the joints and a really great deal of pain. The

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Speaker 1: arthritic condition, which held Goudy back socially left him lots

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Speaker 1: of time to himself, and this is often credited is

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Speaker 1: the reason that he developed this incredible set of observation skills.

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Speaker 1: As a boy basically sidelined by a physical problem, he

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Speaker 1: just watched the world around him and really focused on

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Speaker 1: drawing and observing nature. And while his school attendance was

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Speaker 1: spotty because of his medical condition, Goudy did enroll as

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Speaker 1: a student. He first started at a rooftop preschool near

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Speaker 1: his home, and then at the age of eleven, he

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Speaker 1: entered a school which was housed in an old convent,

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Speaker 1: and he kind of started to do pretty well in

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Speaker 1: his studies, particularly in geometry. He did really, really well,

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Speaker 1: which is not a surprise since he talked about his

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Speaker 1: sort of innate ability to perceive spatial relations and he

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Speaker 1: wasn't really a star student, but if you look at

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Speaker 1: his school records, there's a clear upward trajectory in his grades.

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Speaker 1: Over the course of his studies. He kind of got

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Speaker 1: better and better as he went. As he matured, he

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Speaker 1: seemed to improve physically enough that mobility was not as

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Speaker 1: much of a challenge for him. He eventually turned to

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Speaker 1: a vegetarian lifestyle as a way to help manage his health,

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Speaker 1: and he adopted the habit of taking long, regular walks

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Speaker 1: and during his time at the Escalapian School, which is

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Speaker 1: that school he attended. Later he really started dabbling in design,

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Speaker 1: so he started illustrating the school news letter, which is

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Speaker 1: called que and he also started working the schools theater

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Speaker 1: department doing set designed for them. He also, at one

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Speaker 1: point in his his sort of high school years, hatched

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Speaker 1: the scheme that he was going to restore the ruined

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Speaker 1: monastery of Publet, which he did not do, but that

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Speaker 1: project was undertaken in the twentieth century by another group. Eventually,

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Speaker 1: Goudy was deeply religious as an adult, and some believe

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Speaker 1: that this commitment to his faith really started at school. Then.

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Speaker 1: The architect himself even said as much, crediting his time

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Speaker 1: there uh as the point where he realized the value

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Speaker 1: of divinity and religious history and the potential for salvation

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Speaker 1: through Christ. Yeah, it's interesting reading different accounts of his

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Speaker 1: life in preparation for this. Some say he really wasn't

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Speaker 1: very religious as a kid. Others say he was um.

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Speaker 1: He seems to have not exhibited a particular fervor of

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Speaker 1: religiosity at that age, but according to him, it was

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Speaker 1: still going on in his head. He was still thinking

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Speaker 1: about all of those things. So before we get to

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Speaker 1: the next phase of his education or he moves away, Uh,

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Speaker 1: do you want to take a quick word from a sponsor,

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Speaker 1: Let's do stupendous So jumping back to the life of

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Speaker 1: Antony Goudy. Uh. After he finished secondary school, he decided

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Speaker 1: that he really did want to seriously study architecture, and

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Speaker 1: so he traveled to Barcelona in eighteen sixty nine, where

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Speaker 1: he first attended the Provincial School of Architecture and then

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Speaker 1: the College of Science in order to fulfill a series

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Speaker 1: of needed prerequisites before he could move on to the

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Speaker 1: advanced architectural school. And when he moved to Barcelona, his

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Speaker 1: brother accompanied him. His brother was studying to be a doctor.

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Speaker 1: His performance in these preparatory courses was a lot like

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Speaker 1: it had been in his school record. In his younger years,

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Speaker 1: he missed a lot of classes, spending his time in

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Speaker 1: the library instead, which I can empathize with that. His

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Speaker 1: grades were okay, but he had an occasional spike on

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Speaker 1: specific subjects. Clearly he had skill and talent, but maybe

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Speaker 1: not always focus. Nonetheless, he did eventually move on to

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Speaker 1: the Upper Technical School of Architecture, and in addition to

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Speaker 1: his architecture courses, he also opted to take classes in

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Speaker 1: subjects like philosophy and history and art. And he came

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Speaker 1: from the mindset that understanding the social and political aspects

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Speaker 1: of any culture was key to understanding that culture's architecture.

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Speaker 1: In line with that approach to things, he'd sometimes draw

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Speaker 1: an atmospheric elements before any actual architectural design on his assignments.

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Speaker 1: There's one story that when he was tasked with designing

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Speaker 1: a cemetery, first he drew a hearse and mourners to

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Speaker 1: set the scene. He often left teachers scratching their heads

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Speaker 1: as to whether he was a genius or kind of deranged. Yeah,

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Speaker 1: there's one quote that I saw at some point, and

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Speaker 1: I didn't include it verbatim. That um when he finally

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Speaker 1: received his diploma that they had written something to the

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Speaker 1: effect of, you know, you're either the greatest genius of

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Speaker 1: our age or a madman. I think that's kind of

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Speaker 1: how he was generally perceived. He was definitely outside of

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Speaker 1: the box even as a student. And in eighteen seventy

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Speaker 1: eight he was finally recommended by the director of the

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Speaker 1: Upper Technical School of Architecture to be officially given the

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Speaker 1: title of architect and to graduate. And apparently Goudy already

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Speaker 1: considered himself an architect, and he told his friend Laurenc

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Speaker 1: Moatemala that he had in fact been an architect for years. Now.

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Speaker 1: This might sound like jerkery, and Goudy was, by all

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Speaker 1: accounts pretty pompous. He also had a temper, but in

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Speaker 1: truth he had been working for builders in Barcelona for

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Speaker 1: years in order to finance his education. From eighteen se

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Speaker 1: many three to eighteen seventy seven, he was often collaborating

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Speaker 1: on commissions with his teachers, and I find that sort

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Speaker 1: of fascinating. I didn't find a lot about how common

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Speaker 1: that was, but it seemed interesting to me that a

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Speaker 1: lot of his professors and his teachers were kind of like,

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Speaker 1: we don't know what to make of you. But we

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Speaker 1: would like to work with you even though you are

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Speaker 1: still a student. It seems like a kind of fascinating situation. Um.

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Speaker 1: And in eighteen seventy five he served as a draftsman

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Speaker 1: for master builder Joseph Fon. He worked on Barcelona's Cutadella

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Speaker 1: Park under Falsair, and he would continue to work with

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Speaker 1: the master builder well into the eighteen eighties after he

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Speaker 1: had set up his own firm. Starting in eighteen seventy six,

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Speaker 1: he collaborated with his professor Leandre Sarla Chimas. Their work

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Speaker 1: together included designs for a never built Villa Arcadia. In

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Speaker 1: eighteen seventy six, gut He also worked with the company

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Speaker 1: that developed and built Barcelona's tramway, and then he collaborated

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Speaker 1: as a draftsman with his professor H. Francisco de Paola

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Speaker 1: de Vilar Elzano on the monastery at Montserrats. Even so,

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Speaker 1: he wasn't officially an architect until the title had actually

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Speaker 1: been bestowed upon him, which it was. He immediately had

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Speaker 1: fancy cards made up that said, so I kind of

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Speaker 1: love that, but before we talk about, uh, the next phase,

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Speaker 1: we're gonna kind of backtrack. There's some overlap in the

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Speaker 1: timeline here, we're gonna talk about his military enlistment in

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Speaker 1: the first years of his professional career, but before we

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Speaker 1: do that, let's do another quick sponsor break. So even

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Speaker 1: before he was formally recognized as an architect, uh Gaudy

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Speaker 1: was actually also serving in the military, and this was

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Speaker 1: compulsory for Spain's young men at the time, and in fact,

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Speaker 1: military service was compulsory in Spain until pretty recently, like

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Speaker 1: in the two thousands. He enlisted in eighteen seventy four

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Speaker 1: and he was assigned to the Barcelona Infantry so the

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Speaker 1: Third Carlist War was underway while he was enlisted. He

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Speaker 1: never saw any kind of combat because of his medical conditions.

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Speaker 1: He did serve as a military administration assistant in the

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Speaker 1: last year of his three years of service, and because

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Speaker 1: of his medical leaves so he did still have arthritis,

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Speaker 1: even though it was not as debilitating in terms of

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Speaker 1: his mobility as it had been when he was a

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Speaker 1: child UH and he was able to kind of sit

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Speaker 1: out a lot of normal military service activities. He was

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Speaker 1: also able to continue with his studies throughout his entire

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Speaker 1: enlistment in the military. In the previous segment, we mentioned

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Speaker 1: several of the project's Gouty was able to work on

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Speaker 1: while he was in school, and eighteen seventy six was

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Speaker 1: a particularly busy year. However, it was also a year

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Speaker 1: of great personal loss. In July of that year, his

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Speaker 1: brother Franchise, died suddenly, and in September he also lost

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Speaker 1: his mother. After Antonia's death, Gouty's father closed his business

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Speaker 1: and he moved to Barcelonas to be with his son. Yeah,

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Speaker 1: their family history is actually quite tragic. Even though Gouty

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Speaker 1: was the youngest, he had two of his siblings died

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Speaker 1: as children, and his other two siblings died fairly young.

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Speaker 1: The other woman mentioned a little bit later, but so

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Speaker 1: at this point this was really all that they had

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Speaker 1: left of their family. Uh and one school was over

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Speaker 1: for Antoni, though, he really shifted into his professional life,

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Speaker 1: and he did so in style. We already mentioned that

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Speaker 1: he had fancy cards drawn up almost immediately. He established

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Speaker 1: his own architectural firm immediately after being granted the title,

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Speaker 1: and he became something of a dandy. He was always

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Speaker 1: extremely fashionable. He moved in society circles. He was always

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Speaker 1: impeccably groomed. He was kind of enjoying the life of

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Speaker 1: a young professional. Though his star was on the rise,

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Speaker 1: Goudy retained a strong connection to the working class. One

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Speaker 1: of his first large scale projects was a workers housing

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Speaker 1: project that was intended to improve the quality of life

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Speaker 1: where its inhabitants. It was called the Cooperativa Mats Harrons.

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Speaker 1: He was also commissioned early on in this first year

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Speaker 1: by the city of Barcelona to design lamp posts. These

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Speaker 1: were prototypes for gas lights, which were intended to light

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Speaker 1: the city's highway. Gouty's vision for the co op was

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Speaker 1: pretty ambitious. It featured a small two bedroom home for

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Speaker 1: each worker, as well as leisure and cultural areas. Only

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Speaker 1: one of the homes in a small section of the

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Speaker 1: factory made it to actual completion at the time, though

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Speaker 1: the social club he had designed for the co op

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Speaker 1: never broke ground. While his grandest plans for the co

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Speaker 1: op weren't fully realized, he continued to work on projects

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Speaker 1: for many years. Yeah he the co Operativa Matanan stayed

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Speaker 1: pretty near and dear to his heart. He worked on

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Speaker 1: a lot of stuff for them for a long time,

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Speaker 1: and he also presented the plans that he had made

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Speaker 1: for the co op project at the Paris World's Fair

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Speaker 1: in eighty eight, and this work got a great deal

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Speaker 1: of attention, and it really put Gouty on the map.

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Speaker 1: Also on exhibit at the World's Fair that year was

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Speaker 1: a display that he had designed for a glove show

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Speaker 1: op So he kind of had two different styles of things.

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Speaker 1: One was his grand design scheme and one was this

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Speaker 1: sort of cool display that he had put together. And

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Speaker 1: Gouty's work that he did and that was on display

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Speaker 1: there at the World's Fair really piqued the interest of

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Speaker 1: Catalan entrepreneur and industrialist, you said Guel Ibasi Gallupi, And

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Speaker 1: after being introduced at the fair, the two men became

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Speaker 1: lifelong friends. Guel would also be one of Gouty's most

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Speaker 1: lucrative clients and eventually his main patron. In a stroke

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Speaker 1: of good fortune for Gouty, Guel seemed really unconcerned with

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Speaker 1: the expense of supporting such a creative mind's efforts. At

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Speaker 1: one point, while working on a home for Guel, the

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Speaker 1: cost had kind of startled the project's bookkeeper to the

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Speaker 1: point that he thought he should probably intervene. He showed

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Speaker 1: this massive growing pile of bills to Guel, hoping to

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Speaker 1: stop the money out blue. But Guella said to have

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Speaker 1: looked at the papers and said, is that all he spent? Yeah,

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Speaker 1: he was pretty forgiving of this kind of you know,

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Speaker 1: extravagant tastes, and I mean it was paying off. He

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Speaker 1: made really beautiful things, no problem. Uh. And in the

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Speaker 1: late nineteenth century, as all of this was happening, Barcelona

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Speaker 1: was really in love with art and intellectualism, and it

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Speaker 1: was also experiencing a huge financial boon thanks to a

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Speaker 1: very busy and successful textile industry, and in fact, that

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Speaker 1: co op that Gaudi had been working on was intended

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Speaker 1: largely to house textile industry workers. This prosperous economy and

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Speaker 1: the hunger on the part of the bourgeoisie to be

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Speaker 1: seen with artists and famous people really turned into the

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Speaker 1: perfect environment for this young architect. And before we get

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Speaker 1: into all of the sort of exciting things that happened

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Speaker 1: and some of the huge projects he ended up taking

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Speaker 1: on as a result of his growing esteem, Uh, we

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Speaker 1: are going to end part one, so you'll have to

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Speaker 1: wait for the second part on this one. Do you

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Speaker 1: have some listener mail before we take our break. I

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Speaker 1: do have a listener mail. This is from our listener.

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Speaker 1: I think her name is pronounced Sherry, but it's an

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Speaker 1: alternate spelling, so I apologize if that's a mispronunciation, and

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Speaker 1: she writes, Hi, Tracy and Holly, I wanted to thank

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Speaker 1: you for your recent podcast on the eggnog riot at

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Speaker 1: West Point. I had never heard the story, but found

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Speaker 1: it depressingly unsurprising as a tale of young men and alcohol. Afterwards,

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Speaker 1: I double checked our family history and yes, my husband's

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Speaker 1: great times three grandfather was a freshman there that year,

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Speaker 1: although he was not among the nineteen named. I found

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Speaker 1: this a little amusing because his family was already a

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Speaker 1: bit skeptical about his choice to attend. They were a passionate,

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Speaker 1: strict New England clergy family, more focused on souls and

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Speaker 1: salvation than military matters. A couple of excerpts from letters

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Speaker 1: between his father and grandmother earlier that year illustrate this

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Speaker 1: there below. There's no mention in the letters that I

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Speaker 1: can find or elsewhere of their reaction to the riot,

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Speaker 1: but I don't imagine that it was a pleased one.

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Speaker 1: And so she includes this letter from uh William Patton,

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Speaker 1: father of George, to William's there Ruth Weelock Patton and

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Speaker 1: this is UH on January six, and he writes, I

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Speaker 1: am not yet convinced that it was best for G

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Speaker 1: to be fixed at West Point, to be qualified chiefly

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Speaker 1: for the army. It does not accord with my views

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Speaker 1: or wishes. He has, however, made application of himself and

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Speaker 1: procured many letters of recommendation. If he should receive permission

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Speaker 1: to go, it may be well for me to acquiesce,

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Speaker 1: though I have done nothing to promote the object. And

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Speaker 1: then Ruth's response to him UH two months later is

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Speaker 1: I hope our dear G will be prospered, though his

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Speaker 1: call seems to be out of our line. I'm informed

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Speaker 1: their religious privileges are good at West Point, and they

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Speaker 1: have a worthy chaplain. Your son will have the same

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Speaker 1: God to protect him as he has here, and perhaps

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Speaker 1: as good associates. I hope the young gentleman who are

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Speaker 1: to accompany him have good characters, and that a blessing

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Speaker 1: may attend them. I love that letter exchange so much.

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Speaker 1: It's so sweet. UH. And apparently George went on to

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Speaker 1: have a successful thirty four year career in the army,

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Speaker 1: so it go well for him, uh and shure. He

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Speaker 1: goes on to write mostly unrelated. Ruth Weelock Patton ran

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Speaker 1: a school with her daughters and another son in Hartford.

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Speaker 1: The female students learned embroidery along with other subjects, and

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Speaker 1: you can see examples if you do a Google image

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Speaker 1: search on Mrs Patten's school. The subject has been explored

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Speaker 1: by Susan P. Shul. We're in Connecticut Needle Work Women

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Speaker 1: Are and Family seventy eighteen forty and with Needle and

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Speaker 1: Brush Schoolgirl Embroidery from the Connecticut River Valley seventeen forty

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Speaker 1: to eighteen forty. I totally want to read those books.

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Speaker 1: By the way, I have not gotten to yet. She says,

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Speaker 1: should wear makes some interesting observations on needle work styles

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Speaker 1: traced through maternal lines and relationships among women in different families.

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Speaker 1: Thank you for your work, best wishes for a happy

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Speaker 1: New Year. That is such a cool letter. I love

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Speaker 1: that she was able to give us that exchange because,

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Speaker 1: as I said, it's so charming. I love that the

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Speaker 1: grandmother's like, look, he's gonna be who he is. Just

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Speaker 1: hope for him to have blessings. I think it's so sweet.

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Speaker 1: I love it. Uh, if you would like to write

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Speaker 1: to us, you can do so we are at history

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Speaker 1: podcast at how stuff works dot com. You can also

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Speaker 1: touch base with us on Twitter at mist in History

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00:20:08,920 --> 00:20:11,639
Speaker 1: at Facebook dot com, slash missed in History, and on

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00:20:11,760 --> 00:20:14,760
Speaker 1: Tumbler at mist in History dot tumbler dot com. We

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00:20:14,800 --> 00:20:17,800
Speaker 1: are also on pinterest dot com slash miss in history

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Speaker 1: and as I said, I'm going to have a heyday

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Speaker 1: with Goudy work on contrist once these episodes their UH.

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Speaker 1: If you would like to purchase missed in History goodies,

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Speaker 1: you can do so missed in History dot spreadshirt dot com,

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00:20:29,080 --> 00:20:34,160
Speaker 1: where you can get shirts, bags, mugs, iPhone cases, android cases,

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00:20:34,560 --> 00:20:38,400
Speaker 1: other things to delight and where in Uh. If you'd

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Speaker 1: like to learn a little bit more about what we've

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Speaker 1: talked about today, you can go to our parents site,

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Speaker 1: how stuff works dot com. Type in the name Goudy

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Speaker 1: in the search bar and that's g A U d

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Speaker 1: I and you will get an article called ten most

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Speaker 1: famous architects who ever lived. He really is quite well

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Speaker 1: known to many people, although I'm often shocked when I

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Speaker 1: mentioned him and people give me a blank stare. UH.

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Speaker 1: If you would like to visit us at our home,

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Speaker 1: you can do that at missed in history dot com.

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Speaker 1: So there we have show notes, We have all of

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Speaker 1: our episodes archive, you know, the occasional blog post, Come

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00:21:10,960 --> 00:21:12,920
Speaker 1: and visit. You can do that at how stuff works

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Speaker 1: dot com or missed industry dot com for more on

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Speaker 1: this and thousands of other topics because it how stuff

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Speaker 1: works dot com. M