WEBVTT - Do Dietary Supplements Work? 0:00:01.120 --> 0:00:03.400 Welcome to Stuff You Should Know, a production of My 0:00:03.600 --> 0:00:12.559 Heart Radios How Stuff Works. Hey, you're welcome to the podcast. 0:00:12.600 --> 0:00:16.320 I'm Josh Clark. There's Charles w. Chuck Bryan, there's Jerry 0:00:16.360 --> 0:00:21.000 over there. This is Stuff you Should Know the podcast. 0:00:22.440 --> 0:00:27.520 Are you I'm good man good, I'm good. Great. Let 0:00:27.600 --> 0:00:30.040 me search down in my soul. Yes, I'm doing pretty good. 0:00:30.040 --> 0:00:35.080 How about you? Oh? Well, you know I'm tired. Yeah. Everyone, 0:00:35.120 --> 0:00:38.520 I'm back in my house after seven months of renovating. Yeah. 0:00:39.200 --> 0:00:44.839 And uh, I had a probably a weeklong move easily. 0:00:45.000 --> 0:00:47.360 And that's with hiring movers, right, you know, like they 0:00:47.360 --> 0:00:51.320 move the furniture, but like movers can't move everything. No, 0:00:51.600 --> 0:00:53.320 they really can't. I mean I guess they can. But 0:00:53.440 --> 0:00:56.000 what's weird is the smaller and easier the thing is 0:00:56.040 --> 0:00:59.960 to move, the less likely the mover is to move it. Maybe, 0:01:00.240 --> 0:01:02.360 and I found myself wondering at one point, like how 0:01:02.360 --> 0:01:04.240 do rich people move? I was like, they don't move 0:01:04.280 --> 0:01:05.920 like this. They just go to a new house and 0:01:05.959 --> 0:01:08.959 buy new stuff and leave the old. Maybe because I 0:01:08.959 --> 0:01:10.440 thought when I hired a mover, I was like, oh, 0:01:10.480 --> 0:01:12.360 I had the big time because I'm not asking friends 0:01:12.400 --> 0:01:14.640 to help me. Move. But then I was like, rich 0:01:14.680 --> 0:01:17.199 people still don't move like this. They're not packing things 0:01:17.200 --> 0:01:21.360 and moving things and pickup truck times. No, No, they're not. Um, 0:01:21.600 --> 0:01:23.880 they probably haven't ever even seen a pickup truck in 0:01:23.920 --> 0:01:26.720 their life. Someone probably handles all of that. And it's 0:01:26.760 --> 0:01:30.479 probably really really really expensive. I think it's less expensive 0:01:30.480 --> 0:01:33.280 than you think. You may not have just been shown 0:01:33.319 --> 0:01:35.760 the correct pamphlet is there where you have seen like 0:01:35.800 --> 0:01:39.319 the next the next echelon up was where they pack 0:01:39.400 --> 0:01:42.679 your stuff. I don't know that it's I think it 0:01:42.800 --> 0:01:45.320 is definitely, I'm sure more expensive than than what you 0:01:45.440 --> 0:01:47.640 paid to not have them do that. Yeah, but I 0:01:47.640 --> 0:01:50.840 don't think it's like prohibitively expensive if you're already shelling 0:01:50.840 --> 0:01:53.640 out that much money for you know what I mean. Yeah, 0:01:53.800 --> 0:01:56.960 So the two things, uh, the two stereotypical movie things 0:01:56.960 --> 0:01:59.640 have happened to me, which is towards the end of 0:01:59.640 --> 0:02:02.600 the body sing up, when you're first all careful about 0:02:02.800 --> 0:02:06.360 labeling and everything, and then at the end just shoving 0:02:06.400 --> 0:02:09.119 things into boxes into like a garbage bag pretty much. 0:02:09.440 --> 0:02:11.360 And then on the flip side, now that we're in 0:02:11.360 --> 0:02:14.600 our house, it's that thing where you know, I have 0:02:14.800 --> 0:02:17.440 the worst bo right now because I can't find my deodorant. 0:02:17.600 --> 0:02:19.399 Jerry and I can attest to that, and I'm too 0:02:19.480 --> 0:02:23.080 tired to go to the five minutes away to buy deodorant. 0:02:23.360 --> 0:02:26.400 So I'm just like choosing to stink. Yeah, thank you 0:02:26.600 --> 0:02:29.840 sure for making that choice, not just for yourself but 0:02:29.960 --> 0:02:32.399 for me and Jerry too. Oh yeah, I'm too old 0:02:32.400 --> 0:02:34.600 to be moving, man, I'm no more. Okay, So this 0:02:34.639 --> 0:02:36.680 is the last time, huh. I told him, like, I'm 0:02:36.680 --> 0:02:38.519 going to die in this house. This is the vow, 0:02:38.800 --> 0:02:41.440 just hopefully not soon, or you could shell out for 0:02:41.520 --> 0:02:44.200 the one where they actually pack your stuff up. The 0:02:44.360 --> 0:02:46.840 rich guy, they just packed me up, send me out 0:02:46.880 --> 0:02:50.720 to see the Viking funeral. Okay, that would be pretty cool. Yes, 0:02:51.280 --> 0:02:54.560 so obviously what we're talking about today's dietary supplements. Yeah, 0:02:54.639 --> 0:02:57.400 might as well, huh. Which, Um, I can't believe we've 0:02:57.440 --> 0:03:00.160 never done this one. We have done one called does 0:03:00.200 --> 0:03:06.120 the FDA protect Americans, which, after researching this, I'm guessing 0:03:06.160 --> 0:03:09.720 we concluded no. Yeah. Maybe I do remember talking about 0:03:09.720 --> 0:03:11.680 thelidamite in there, so I think we were like, yes, 0:03:11.720 --> 0:03:15.040 in some instances they have protected people that they don't 0:03:15.040 --> 0:03:18.000 so much anymore. Um. But I'm surprised we haven't done it, 0:03:18.120 --> 0:03:20.840 especially with my dad having been the herbal elvis for 0:03:20.880 --> 0:03:26.720 so many years on that now she's the herbal queen. Well, 0:03:26.840 --> 0:03:30.639 she's not on anything, but she's she's not buying supplements, 0:03:30.639 --> 0:03:36.440 she's growing plants and distilling her own plants. That's really cool. Yeah, 0:03:36.560 --> 0:03:42.640 Like we have a big copper whatever it's called still. Yeah, yeah, 0:03:42.920 --> 0:03:44.480 you have a still in your house. We have a 0:03:44.520 --> 0:03:48.440 still that your wife puts unspecified plants into. Well, you know, 0:03:48.520 --> 0:03:51.160 it's it's herb. She's growing them in the yard and 0:03:51.200 --> 0:03:52.880 then putting them in the still and then we get 0:03:52.920 --> 0:03:55.720 liquid out so so and then you guys are taking 0:03:55.720 --> 0:03:59.320 it like the extract, like as a botanical supplement. Yeah. Yeah, 0:03:59.480 --> 0:04:02.280 that is fantastic. Yeah it's cool. That is great. So 0:04:02.320 --> 0:04:04.600 what kind of like if she she's going to the 0:04:04.640 --> 0:04:06.640 trouble of like making sure the dirt that's growing in 0:04:06.800 --> 0:04:10.080 is like amazing and all that. Yeah, okay, that's great. 0:04:10.240 --> 0:04:13.000 I want a bottle of something. Yeah, I'll get me up, bro, 0:04:13.080 --> 0:04:15.440 I'll get you bottle of something. Okay, I don't even 0:04:15.440 --> 0:04:19.239 care what it is, all right, I'll take some chick weed. 0:04:19.400 --> 0:04:21.800 I'll hold that under my tongue for thirty straight seconds. 0:04:22.120 --> 0:04:24.520 So okay, so your hip you understand what a dietary 0:04:24.520 --> 0:04:27.200 supplement is well on the herbal side, but I don't know, 0:04:27.440 --> 0:04:31.240 Like I've never been good about vitamins and stuff like that. 0:04:31.480 --> 0:04:33.160 I'll get on a thing where I'll be like, I'm 0:04:33.200 --> 0:04:35.800 gonna start taking a multi vitamin and then you know, 0:04:35.880 --> 0:04:41.160 there's six bottles of full multi vitamins familiar. Yeah. Yeah, 0:04:41.440 --> 0:04:46.039 I've tried to start taking B twelve and D yeah. Yeah, 0:04:46.320 --> 0:04:49.760 and I'm okay about it, but I forget frequently. It's 0:04:49.800 --> 0:04:51.560 never like I don't feel like taking that, it's just 0:04:51.680 --> 0:04:54.640 I forget. Well, you know what they say, spoiler alert, 0:04:55.680 --> 0:04:58.240 They say, just eat good food. You don't have to 0:04:58.279 --> 0:05:01.120 take this stuff. Yeah, food first is what that's called. 0:05:01.320 --> 0:05:04.919 It's all in the food. So um. Most people chuck. 0:05:05.120 --> 0:05:07.360 Do not actually go to the trouble of distilling their 0:05:07.400 --> 0:05:11.359 own extracts, their own botanical extracts for dietary. Most people 0:05:11.400 --> 0:05:13.520 buy it and then, like you said, forget about it. 0:05:13.560 --> 0:05:16.080 But because so many people are buying it, whether they 0:05:16.080 --> 0:05:19.360 forget about it or not, it's something like I've seen 0:05:19.400 --> 0:05:23.200 anywhere between a four billion dollar industry and a forty 0:05:23.279 --> 0:05:30.000 billion dollar industry in the United States and growing like fast. Yes, um, 0:05:30.040 --> 0:05:33.360 which is that's a it's a pretty big spread actually, 0:05:33.400 --> 0:05:36.440 but um, it's significant that there is a lot of 0:05:36.600 --> 0:05:40.400 dietary supplements that are being taken, especially in American There's 0:05:40.400 --> 0:05:43.919 this old um adage that Americans have the most expensive 0:05:44.040 --> 0:05:46.520 urine in the world because a lot of people say 0:05:46.680 --> 0:05:49.200 it doesn't really doing anything. A lot of the pills 0:05:49.240 --> 0:05:51.920 that you're taking are just passing through you and it's 0:05:51.960 --> 0:05:55.760 harmless because you're not absorbing the stuff. Um or there 0:05:55.800 --> 0:05:58.039 may not even be anything in there. You just paid 0:05:58.040 --> 0:06:00.600 a bunch of money for some some pills that don't 0:06:00.600 --> 0:06:03.280 actually have what they supposedly have in it. And if 0:06:03.320 --> 0:06:05.440 you think that, you know, that's hilarious and you laugh 0:06:05.480 --> 0:06:07.120 for a little while, and then you stop laughing and 0:06:07.160 --> 0:06:09.000 you go, well, wait a minute, why would that be 0:06:09.120 --> 0:06:13.800 the case. It turns out the f d A actually 0:06:13.880 --> 0:06:18.680 doesn't regulate dietary supplements. The entire four to forty billion 0:06:18.760 --> 0:06:22.720 dollar industry basically exists on the honor system. Yeah, And 0:06:22.800 --> 0:06:25.200 as it turns out, and we'll get to the specifics later, 0:06:25.279 --> 0:06:30.320 there are things and actual plants that help absorb the 0:06:30.680 --> 0:06:33.800 good parts of the plant that these supplements do not have, 0:06:33.960 --> 0:06:36.120 so in some cases maybe it is just coming out 0:06:36.120 --> 0:06:40.200 your pee. So when people think about dietary supplements, the 0:06:40.240 --> 0:06:43.039 first thing you think of is vitamins. Yeah, or I 0:06:43.080 --> 0:06:45.920 think of like, I have no idea why because I 0:06:45.960 --> 0:06:47.719 don't ever have I have never done this. But I 0:06:47.760 --> 0:06:51.200 think of like weightlifter guys that like makes shakes and things, 0:06:52.520 --> 0:06:55.480 and then like like a pig extract of some sort 0:06:55.520 --> 0:06:58.720 of like glant, I think, is it really yeah, And 0:06:58.760 --> 0:07:01.400 I have no idea. That's why I um, some bodybuilding 0:07:01.440 --> 0:07:06.960 supplements are are glandular extracts, which sometimes you couldn't end 0:07:07.040 --> 0:07:09.400 up with like a bacteria or hepatitis or something like 0:07:09.400 --> 0:07:11.400 that in your supplements, or a hoof growing out of 0:07:11.440 --> 0:07:16.240 your back. And again because there's nobody watching the people 0:07:16.240 --> 0:07:19.520 who are making this stuff. So anyway, back to vitamins, 0:07:19.720 --> 0:07:27.880 it turns out, remember elect drew execution electrocution vitamins is 0:07:28.120 --> 0:07:31.560 short for vital A means did you know that? Is 0:07:31.600 --> 0:07:36.280 it really? Swear? And a meen is it's the type 0:07:36.280 --> 0:07:39.360 of protein. I believe. What is vital? It means that 0:07:39.440 --> 0:07:41.880 you really need it, it's important, and it was coin 0:07:42.200 --> 0:07:45.560 it was coin back in nine by a Polish biochemist 0:07:45.640 --> 0:07:50.040 named Kasmir Pulaski. I thought you're gonna say portmanteau, Kazmir 0:07:50.200 --> 0:07:54.160 Funk what I'm not kidding. So so I'm about to 0:07:54.200 --> 0:07:56.320 walk out of here. Get the back of the podcast 0:07:56.320 --> 0:07:59.040 out the way. Just April bowls. Vitamin is short. It's 0:07:59.120 --> 0:08:02.360 so hot in here. Vitamin is short for vital aimings, 0:08:02.560 --> 0:08:06.239 a term that was coined by Polish biochemist Kazmir Funk 0:08:08.480 --> 0:08:12.600 back in Alright, well, now Josh is leaving everyone. It's 0:08:12.600 --> 0:08:18.240 because my smells glandular smells. Alright, So, uh, I did 0:08:18.280 --> 0:08:19.840 not know that. I did not know that was a 0:08:19.880 --> 0:08:23.880 portmanteau or is that more an abbreviation? Now it's a portmanteau. 0:08:23.920 --> 0:08:26.600 It sounds like, yeah, isn't that a combination of words? 0:08:26.720 --> 0:08:29.720 Believe that? I think so too. But people have been 0:08:29.760 --> 0:08:32.560 doing this for many, many thousands of years. In fact, 0:08:32.600 --> 0:08:36.760 some of the first inscriptions in Sumeria on clay tablet's 0:08:37.000 --> 0:08:39.920 talked about herbs. This is nothing new, and that's why 0:08:39.960 --> 0:08:43.679 it's very popular now because I think people are saying, hey, 0:08:44.080 --> 0:08:46.840 they've been doing it for five thousand years. Humans have 0:08:46.920 --> 0:08:51.520 been looking to plants to heal us. Yeah. I mean 0:08:51.559 --> 0:08:53.400 there's a lot of people who kind of say, well, 0:08:53.440 --> 0:08:57.400 wait a minute, we were using like botanicals, um, vitamins, 0:08:57.440 --> 0:09:01.040 minerals long before medicine was a out. I'm kind of 0:09:01.120 --> 0:09:05.320 suspicious of the medical establishment getting in between me and vitamins. Yeah, 0:09:05.400 --> 0:09:07.560 a lot of people are very suspicious of that. And 0:09:07.600 --> 0:09:09.679 I think that's one of the reasons why the subli 0:09:09.679 --> 0:09:13.000 dietary supplement industry is boomed is because a lot of 0:09:13.000 --> 0:09:17.680 people are. It appeals to the average person the idea 0:09:17.720 --> 0:09:20.760 of just taking something natural in your body healing as 0:09:20.760 --> 0:09:23.720 a result. It feels good to treat yourself like that, 0:09:23.800 --> 0:09:26.560 you know. Yeah, and here in the States, um, what 0:09:26.640 --> 0:09:29.280 do you say, You're on d in B twelve. Yeah, Well, 0:09:29.360 --> 0:09:31.839 d IS is one of the most after the multi 0:09:31.880 --> 0:09:35.000 vitem and the most popular of course, along with sea 0:09:35.040 --> 0:09:39.040 and calcium. And then as far as the specialty supplements, 0:09:39.720 --> 0:09:42.360 and this is a big one, Omega three fatty acids. 0:09:42.679 --> 0:09:45.160 I see, I see those all over the place. Yeah, 0:09:45.440 --> 0:09:48.240 like good fatty fish. Of course, this is the extract 0:09:48.240 --> 0:09:52.120 of that. They squeeze them, squeeze that salmon out ringing 0:09:52.120 --> 0:09:54.560 out of them, and then throw the shame and back 0:09:54.640 --> 0:10:00.000 good shot of salmon juice. Uh. What else? Probiotics, um, 0:10:00.040 --> 0:10:03.400 fiber of course that counts, you're right, which is kind 0:10:03.400 --> 0:10:07.040 of surprised me, I guess, But dietary fiber. It makes sense. Basically, 0:10:07.120 --> 0:10:10.240 anything that grows from the ground or that you can 0:10:10.280 --> 0:10:15.960 get from animals is technically considered a dietary supplement. Very 0:10:16.160 --> 0:10:20.160 necessarily a vitamin. There's vitamins, yeah, but like garlic and 0:10:20.240 --> 0:10:22.720 genzing and things like that, they all fall into that banner, 0:10:22.720 --> 0:10:25.120 but they are not vitamins themselves. And like garlic and 0:10:25.200 --> 0:10:29.920 genzing plants, those would be considered phyto medicines or botanicals. 0:10:30.520 --> 0:10:33.080 And then you've got minerals like iron, zinc, stuff like that, 0:10:33.720 --> 0:10:35.320 all of them, if you really want to put them 0:10:35.360 --> 0:10:38.360 all under a banner, whether it's a dietary supplement or not. 0:10:38.800 --> 0:10:42.760 Those are considered micronutrients because you need very small amounts 0:10:42.760 --> 0:10:45.120 of them for your body to function, as opposed to 0:10:45.200 --> 0:10:49.280 macronutrients like fats, carbohydrates, and proteins pizza, which you needed 0:10:49.360 --> 0:10:52.760 a lot of, right Uh. And some of the confusion 0:10:52.840 --> 0:10:56.959 comes in with the fact that there are uh many 0:10:56.960 --> 0:11:00.880 studies on both sides that say completely kind tradictory things 0:11:01.440 --> 0:11:05.120 about very specific vitamins, So, uh, it can be tough 0:11:05.160 --> 0:11:07.800 for a consumer just sort of weed through all that 0:11:08.280 --> 0:11:11.240 and know what the heck is going on, especially because 0:11:11.320 --> 0:11:14.320 of the lack of regulation, which I guess we might 0:11:14.360 --> 0:11:18.000 as well go ahead and talk about what happened in Huh. Yeah, 0:11:18.400 --> 0:11:21.199 where were you? How was in Athens? Are you there yet? 0:11:21.400 --> 0:11:23.199 I was probably hanging out in Athens on my way 0:11:23.280 --> 0:11:26.640 up there. I wasn't there quite yet. You're in? Uh? 0:11:27.000 --> 0:11:31.480 What was that town between? Yeah? I was in winder Yeah, everybody, 0:11:31.520 --> 0:11:34.360 there's a town between Athens and Atlanta called Between. Oh 0:11:34.480 --> 0:11:36.720 is it really? Yeah? I didn't know that. Yeah, And 0:11:36.720 --> 0:11:39.559 it's called that because it's between Athens and Atlanta. It's 0:11:39.559 --> 0:11:44.040 a big claim that in being a speed trap. Um, 0:11:44.240 --> 0:11:47.880 don't speed through Between. I've never heard that before, although 0:11:47.920 --> 0:11:51.520 half of the town calls it Betwixt. Really don't. I'm 0:11:51.559 --> 0:11:54.680 just kidding. Um, Well, you got our cane with that joke, 0:11:54.880 --> 0:11:59.240 I know. So in n a big change happen in Uh. 0:11:59.280 --> 0:12:02.640 In Congress they passed what's called the Dietary Supplement, Health 0:12:03.200 --> 0:12:07.440 an Education Act. And previous to this, there were there 0:12:07.520 --> 0:12:10.520 was a lot of tightly controlled regulation by the f 0:12:10.640 --> 0:12:15.079 d A and all of that change in UM And 0:12:16.160 --> 0:12:18.320 was this because of like just some sort of general 0:12:18.400 --> 0:12:23.000 de regulation up with consumers and push It wasn't. No. 0:12:23.400 --> 0:12:26.760 What happened was Senator or In Hatch of Utah, which 0:12:26.840 --> 0:12:30.120 was home to a lot of supplement producers Hatch and 0:12:30.120 --> 0:12:34.679 hence a lot of supplement producing donors. Um Or in 0:12:34.720 --> 0:12:37.680 Hatch saw this thing through said no, we need to 0:12:37.760 --> 0:12:41.080 open up the supplement regulation or supplement industry in the 0:12:41.080 --> 0:12:43.559 best way to do that is to remove regulations on it. 0:12:43.640 --> 0:12:46.560 So it was a big de regulation push, but specifically 0:12:46.640 --> 0:12:51.080 to the supplement industry because of one Senor. Oh no, no, no, 0:12:51.120 --> 0:12:53.160 I get that, but I just meant sort of that 0:12:53.200 --> 0:12:57.120 typical like, hey, let's just let people run wild and 0:12:57.160 --> 0:13:00.640 make money, right, Yes, yeah, exactly. And it was because 0:13:00.679 --> 0:13:03.960 of ore In Hatch got you, and technically Tom Harkin 0:13:04.040 --> 0:13:06.800 did too. He's from Iowa and one of his biggest 0:13:07.440 --> 0:13:10.960 donors was herbal Life. So the two kind of joined 0:13:11.000 --> 0:13:16.520 together and got this historically bad bill pushed through. But 0:13:16.600 --> 0:13:19.400 remember this is the converse. Sorry, everybody realizes like nanny 0:13:19.480 --> 0:13:23.000 state UM trigger for some people, But this is the 0:13:23.080 --> 0:13:27.200 same congress or virtually the same Congress that prohibited the 0:13:27.280 --> 0:13:31.040 CDC from studying gun violence. Like this is the kind 0:13:31.040 --> 0:13:34.040 of mentality that was going on at the time. Uh. 0:13:34.080 --> 0:13:37.720 So what happened during that um uh the passing of 0:13:37.760 --> 0:13:39.680 that act as they kind of set up some agreements 0:13:39.720 --> 0:13:44.000 which was uh, looser regulation for sure. UM. But if 0:13:44.040 --> 0:13:47.200 you make some of these supplements, uh, you cannot make 0:13:47.240 --> 0:13:51.160 claims like hey, this will help cure a disease. You 0:13:51.200 --> 0:13:54.200 can't make like medical claims like that. You also have 0:13:54.320 --> 0:13:57.400 to be very specific with your labeling. UM had to 0:13:57.400 --> 0:14:00.679 be labeled a dietary supplement. Uh. And you can make 0:14:00.720 --> 0:14:04.040 a claim that, hey, it could have the positive effect 0:14:04.040 --> 0:14:07.120 on your body, but you can't say it like cures anything. 0:14:07.240 --> 0:14:09.520 And then you also had to tag it with the 0:14:09.600 --> 0:14:11.960 statement has not been evaluated by the f d A. 0:14:12.440 --> 0:14:14.960 This product is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or 0:14:14.960 --> 0:14:17.440 prevent any disease. Right. So that was that was the 0:14:17.480 --> 0:14:20.800 big trade off was that they were but in it 0:14:20.840 --> 0:14:23.560 almost sounds like they're saying, well, okay, they can't claim 0:14:23.560 --> 0:14:27.320 to be drugs. But there's also some semantic trickery there 0:14:27.360 --> 0:14:30.280 because if they're not claiming to be drugs, the FDA 0:14:30.360 --> 0:14:34.520 can't regulate them like drugs, right, So basically, Congress, it 0:14:34.760 --> 0:14:37.880 is what Congress says it is. It's not a drug, 0:14:38.080 --> 0:14:40.640 so it's not a drug as far as as the 0:14:40.720 --> 0:14:45.280 United States goes so UM in doing this, they basically said, 0:14:45.400 --> 0:14:49.720 f d A, you can't regulate this stuff anymore. Everything 0:14:49.760 --> 0:14:54.720 that you've used to UM to get pharmaceuticals that out 0:14:54.760 --> 0:14:57.800 to market that have been proven safe and effective, we're 0:14:57.800 --> 0:15:00.680 going to do the opposite. These things are pres innocent 0:15:00.760 --> 0:15:03.760 until they start hurting people, and then you can intervene. 0:15:04.000 --> 0:15:08.600 And then even when they intervene, there there go to UM. 0:15:08.840 --> 0:15:14.040 Technique for a a dietary supplement that was proving harmful 0:15:14.760 --> 0:15:17.640 was to send a lighter to the producer saying maybe 0:15:17.640 --> 0:15:21.400 you should recall this, and the producer could either say sure, 0:15:21.520 --> 0:15:24.120 let's do that, or here's the finger. F d A, 0:15:24.480 --> 0:15:27.600 you have zero power over me whatsoever. Let me look 0:15:27.600 --> 0:15:30.000 at my ledger sheet and see if I want to 0:15:30.000 --> 0:15:33.480 shut down my company, right pretty much while I'm on 0:15:33.560 --> 0:15:37.480 my yacht. Yeah, and I found a study from UH 0:15:37.560 --> 0:15:41.520 I think this past year that found something like seven 0:15:41.600 --> 0:15:48.720 hundred and forty six recalled UM or adulterated UM dietary 0:15:48.760 --> 0:15:53.640 supplements in the US. Right, So these seven So this 0:15:53.720 --> 0:15:57.520 means that they have been found to have anything from UM, 0:15:57.640 --> 0:16:02.160 actual prescription drugs in them that aren't on the label UM, 0:16:02.400 --> 0:16:06.120 or other things that aren't on the label like fillers, UM, 0:16:06.400 --> 0:16:09.440 things that people might be allergic to. Uh, it might 0:16:09.520 --> 0:16:12.480 have some sort of chemical in it that's not supposed 0:16:12.480 --> 0:16:14.560 to be there, who knows, but they're very little of 0:16:14.640 --> 0:16:16.440 what it says it has in there. Right, that's a 0:16:16.440 --> 0:16:21.000 different kind of adulterated. These are pharmaceutically adulterated UM. They 0:16:21.040 --> 0:16:23.120 they found seven hundred and forty six of them had 0:16:23.160 --> 0:16:26.800 been flagged as adulterated, only three hundred and sixty had 0:16:26.840 --> 0:16:29.840 been recalled. The other ones were just left on the 0:16:29.880 --> 0:16:32.120 market because the company said, no, we're not going to 0:16:32.240 --> 0:16:34.920 do that, We're gonna keep selling them. And this this 0:16:35.280 --> 0:16:38.920 Journal of the American Medical Association study found even further 0:16:39.400 --> 0:16:43.400 that UM, the I think of the three hundred and sixties, 0:16:43.480 --> 0:16:45.920 something like ten or eleven percent we're still on the 0:16:45.920 --> 0:16:49.600 market even after being recalled. So that's kind of the 0:16:49.640 --> 0:16:54.280 state of affairs with dietary supplements, which everybody takes. Should 0:16:54.280 --> 0:16:56.120 we take a break, I think we should. I think 0:16:56.200 --> 0:16:58.560 we've just lost about a third of our listeners, the 0:16:58.640 --> 0:17:01.800 conservative ones. All right, I'll go find my deodorant and 0:17:01.840 --> 0:17:25.400 I'll be back right after this. Okay, so we're back, 0:17:25.440 --> 0:17:31.080 and I'm totally calm. I still smell, and people are 0:17:31.080 --> 0:17:36.400 still selling supplements that are tainted and otherwise misleading regularly. 0:17:36.440 --> 0:17:39.400 That's where we are. So. Uh. The FDA, for their 0:17:39.480 --> 0:17:44.639 part um, supposedly has established some manufacturing practices, but again 0:17:44.920 --> 0:17:47.960 it's I guess just voluntary whether or not you adhere 0:17:48.000 --> 0:17:50.880 to these, um. But there are you know, I guess 0:17:50.880 --> 0:17:53.560 there's a page somewhere on their website. There are letters 0:17:53.600 --> 0:17:55.360 that go out to say, here's what you might want 0:17:55.400 --> 0:18:00.720 to do. Yeah, it's like manufacturing good guidelines basically good 0:18:00.760 --> 0:18:05.240 practices for manufacturer. Uh. And there are independent organizations that 0:18:05.400 --> 0:18:09.479 do test things. Um. A couple of them are one 0:18:09.520 --> 0:18:15.800 called Consumer Lab dot com um in s f H 0:18:15.960 --> 0:18:22.399 not in SFW be weird, it's like in SF International. 0:18:22.640 --> 0:18:25.000 And then one called and this. I mean, I'm sure 0:18:25.000 --> 0:18:27.200 this is great, but it just sounds so like something 0:18:27.240 --> 0:18:31.159 from a movie U S. Farma Copia, Right, it sounds 0:18:31.200 --> 0:18:34.680 like something like a future company from a movie exactly. 0:18:35.080 --> 0:18:36.800 That does not do what they say they do. But 0:18:36.920 --> 0:18:40.800 those three I mean, like they're they exist because they're 0:18:40.840 --> 0:18:44.400 fulfilling the role that the government should. Yeah, or I mean, 0:18:44.440 --> 0:18:47.480 I guess if you believe in government oversight, the government 0:18:47.480 --> 0:18:50.879 should in a way. The fact that those businesses that 0:18:50.960 --> 0:18:54.680 make money off of this exists, it's it's an example 0:18:54.720 --> 0:18:57.440 of the invisible hand at work, you know, Like there 0:18:57.520 --> 0:19:00.320 was a need that came along, which is people need 0:19:00.400 --> 0:19:02.720 to know that what they're buying actually has a stuff 0:19:03.200 --> 0:19:06.080 and that it's safe. And these companies that make money 0:19:06.080 --> 0:19:08.440 off of it came along and fulfilled this need. That's 0:19:08.440 --> 0:19:11.240 what an orange Hatch might say, like, look, not not 0:19:11.320 --> 0:19:13.680 only are they booming, but we've created all these other 0:19:13.720 --> 0:19:15.679 companies that we do what we used to do. Right. 0:19:16.080 --> 0:19:22.280 But from what I understand, uh US Pharmacopeia there, they 0:19:22.320 --> 0:19:26.440 have a really good website I believe, where they basically 0:19:26.480 --> 0:19:32.200 say this has been um tested, is pure, It has 0:19:32.280 --> 0:19:34.200 what it's supposed to have in it, in the amounts 0:19:34.200 --> 0:19:36.160 it's supposed to have in it, It doesn't have any 0:19:36.200 --> 0:19:38.800 extra stuff in it. You guys can buy this and 0:19:39.040 --> 0:19:41.600 they put a label on the bottles, so for sure, 0:19:41.600 --> 0:19:44.560 look for that if this is something you're already do 0:19:44.800 --> 0:19:48.040 you're interested in trying out? Like, definitely do some research. 0:19:48.080 --> 0:19:50.960 This is not the kind of uh hobby you want 0:19:51.000 --> 0:19:53.199 to just wait into by walking into a store and 0:19:53.240 --> 0:19:56.199 going this sounds great, right. A lot of people do 0:19:56.240 --> 0:19:59.119 that though for this stuff. And then bear in mind also, 0:20:00.400 --> 0:20:02.720 I don't know about us pharmacopeia, but I know that 0:20:02.880 --> 0:20:06.639 Consumer Labs goes to stores and gets their samples that 0:20:06.760 --> 0:20:08.879 they test, and they would say, hey, just send us 0:20:08.920 --> 0:20:12.840 some stuff, send us your absolutely purest batch for us 0:20:12.920 --> 0:20:15.040 to test and give you a sealon. They actually go 0:20:15.160 --> 0:20:18.080 to stores and so their their ratings and reviews are 0:20:18.160 --> 0:20:21.240 based on tests that they've done independently, right, not the 0:20:21.320 --> 0:20:23.480 stuff they sweep off the floor and put in capsules. 0:20:25.160 --> 0:20:27.600 You know, that was supposedly what When I worked at 0:20:27.640 --> 0:20:30.560 Golden Pantry in college, they had the and you probably 0:20:30.600 --> 0:20:33.200 know this as a former smoker, but the really really 0:20:33.320 --> 0:20:36.800 really cheap cigarettes. I've heard that before and they always 0:20:36.840 --> 0:20:39.200 told us that that's just like literally stuff they sweep 0:20:39.200 --> 0:20:43.160 off the factory floor at like Winston Salem or whatever, 0:20:43.400 --> 0:20:45.840 Camel or whoever makes the cigarettes. That seems like one 0:20:45.880 --> 0:20:48.720 of those urban legends that I think probably true. You know, 0:20:48.760 --> 0:20:51.120 what I mean. I think, yeah, like not all urban 0:20:51.240 --> 0:20:54.760 legends are wrong. That sounds totally true because it's like, 0:20:54.840 --> 0:20:59.720 why are they so cheap? Um basics? Remember those I 0:20:59.720 --> 0:21:02.679 don't remember basics, but I sold a lot of bucks. 0:21:03.720 --> 0:21:05.320 They had a big they had a big deer on 0:21:05.400 --> 0:21:07.760 the front of it, like a big deer buck, and 0:21:07.800 --> 0:21:11.560 they were I mean, this is when cigarettes were I 0:21:11.600 --> 0:21:13.680 don't know, let's say two dollars, and these were like 0:21:13.800 --> 0:21:17.840 seventy five cents a pack or something. Um, how much 0:21:17.880 --> 0:21:19.879 our cigarets now? They're super expensive, aren't they. I think 0:21:19.920 --> 0:21:22.960 they're anywhere between five and twelve dollars, depending on where 0:21:23.000 --> 0:21:26.560 you are, something like I know New York has like, 0:21:26.960 --> 0:21:29.840 like they had twelve dollars packs of cigarettes. Five You 0:21:30.160 --> 0:21:32.080 can't believe people will pay that much money for a 0:21:32.119 --> 0:21:36.639 pack of cigarettes. Um, alright, so that's why we need 0:21:36.720 --> 0:21:41.439 government to prevent us from smoking cigarette. Uh So, regardless 0:21:41.520 --> 0:21:43.920 of the fact that let's say you find a supplement 0:21:44.000 --> 0:21:46.960 it's got the seal of approval, um, you still should like, 0:21:47.880 --> 0:21:50.240 do some research, talk to your doctor. It doesn't mean 0:21:50.960 --> 0:21:53.480 everyone everyone's body is not the same. You shouldn't just 0:21:53.560 --> 0:21:57.639 be downing supplements because you think Oh well, this sounds 0:21:57.680 --> 0:22:01.320 like it's good for me. Everybody needs to ferent things. Um, 0:22:01.600 --> 0:22:05.480 there is a list here of supplements that are more 0:22:05.600 --> 0:22:08.960 likely or most likely to be safe for you and 0:22:09.160 --> 0:22:12.959 might be effective. Yeah, based on based on overall science 0:22:13.040 --> 0:22:15.720 and research and studies that have been done on these things. Yeah, 0:22:15.800 --> 0:22:19.760 so we'll just tick through those. Uh, Calcium, cranberry fish oil, 0:22:20.600 --> 0:22:26.520 glucosamine sulfate, which I give my dogs, um black taste, lactobeasilicus. 0:22:26.760 --> 0:22:31.440 That's the probiotic, right, Uh, cilium. How do you pronounce that? 0:22:32.280 --> 0:22:35.200 Pi gum Gyeah? I think that's right, Pi gum Good 0:22:35.240 --> 0:22:41.600 old Sammy, that's uh s adena, sil l methyen. Yeah. St. 0:22:41.680 --> 0:22:44.639 John's worth. And then vitamin D, which, by the way, 0:22:44.680 --> 0:22:47.639 get this about vitamin D. So if you're a vegan, 0:22:48.400 --> 0:22:50.680 very frequently people are like, you should take some extra 0:22:50.720 --> 0:22:55.200 dietary supplements. Um, They're like, I take vitamin v The 0:22:56.240 --> 0:23:00.840 problem is is not all supplements are vegan, right, especially 0:23:01.000 --> 0:23:04.560 vitamin D. The reason vitamin D is very rarely vegan. 0:23:05.600 --> 0:23:09.280 This is where most vitamin un Listen specifically says vegan 0:23:09.680 --> 0:23:16.159 vitamin D. It is extracted lannelin from lamb's wool. That 0:23:16.400 --> 0:23:18.480 is sent What did you think it was gonna be? 0:23:20.560 --> 0:23:24.000 Oh no, no, you gotta pay extra for the testicle. UM. 0:23:24.480 --> 0:23:27.960 So they extract landelin from Lamb's wool, send it to 0:23:28.119 --> 0:23:32.760 China where it's exposed to UV light, to mimic sunlight, 0:23:33.760 --> 0:23:35.879 because that's where we get a lot of our vitamin 0:23:36.000 --> 0:23:38.840 D is exposure to sunlight and UM. Then it's put 0:23:38.880 --> 0:23:40.879 into pills and there you go. So if you're a vegan, 0:23:41.240 --> 0:23:44.000 you you wouldn't want to eat an animal product lanneling. 0:23:44.280 --> 0:23:46.120 You really have to look out for that kind of thing. 0:23:47.240 --> 0:23:50.040 And also one more thing about vegans and vitamins. One 0:23:50.119 --> 0:23:54.000 of the big, um, the big controversies that that proved 0:23:54.080 --> 0:23:55.960 to some people that you're not supposed to be a 0:23:56.080 --> 0:23:59.840 vegan is that we need B twelve quite badly. We 0:24:00.040 --> 0:24:03.000 need it for UM, I believe bone health. I can't 0:24:03.040 --> 0:24:05.119 quite I can't keep up by seeing so many like 0:24:05.680 --> 0:24:07.720 different things that vitamins over the last a couple of days. 0:24:08.160 --> 0:24:11.560 But we need B twelve. How about that, um B 0:24:11.760 --> 0:24:14.720 twelve is only gained as far as we know, from 0:24:15.119 --> 0:24:20.360 animal sources. If so facto we need to eat animals 0:24:20.440 --> 0:24:23.680 to get B twelve, and the way animals get B twelve? 0:24:23.800 --> 0:24:27.600 Is the gut bacteria in their guts produced B twelve 0:24:27.800 --> 0:24:30.120 and then we eat the animals that have the beach 0:24:30.119 --> 0:24:32.880 well built up in their their tissues. Right, So that's 0:24:32.880 --> 0:24:35.640 how people we meet don't don't have B twelve deficiencies. 0:24:35.960 --> 0:24:41.040 But vegans say, where are the animals at cows getting 0:24:41.080 --> 0:24:44.920 that B twelve from their bacteria? Where's the bacteria coming from? 0:24:45.320 --> 0:24:48.719 They say it's from the soil. So there's this big controversy. 0:24:49.040 --> 0:24:51.760 Is the B twelve producing bacteria actually in the soil 0:24:52.200 --> 0:24:55.600 and if so, are the factory farming methods like washing 0:24:55.720 --> 0:24:58.439 produce that we use actually washing off the B twelve 0:24:58.800 --> 0:25:02.000 that you would get in enough of it as a vegan. Yeah, 0:25:02.280 --> 0:25:06.120 man's fascinating. Waiting into these waters is so perilous. We've 0:25:06.160 --> 0:25:10.280 got to do um a plant based diet episode sometime. Yeah, 0:25:10.320 --> 0:25:14.359 you know, uh, who is it? Coach Seattle Seahawks coach 0:25:14.520 --> 0:25:17.879 Pete Carroll, one of the older coaches in the NFL, 0:25:17.960 --> 0:25:22.640 but one of the more vital old guys. He switched 0:25:22.720 --> 0:25:25.800 his diet to completely plant based, like raw foods diet, 0:25:26.680 --> 0:25:29.960 I think within the past couple of years. Yeah, he 0:25:30.080 --> 0:25:32.880 dropped it on the spot um No, he said. It's 0:25:32.920 --> 0:25:34.760 just and you know, he's not the only one person 0:25:34.880 --> 0:25:38.480 obviously in the news talking about this stuff. But I 0:25:38.600 --> 0:25:40.800 just read something recently where he was just like, you 0:25:40.840 --> 0:25:43.440 would not believe the change in my life and body. 0:25:44.640 --> 0:25:46.320 And I was like, yeah, I imagine if you just 0:25:46.440 --> 0:25:49.240 eat raw vegetables, that would be a great thing for 0:25:49.359 --> 0:25:52.520 your body. We'll find out. And I'm not saying that 0:25:52.640 --> 0:25:54.680 with a sneer. It's just that would be hard for me. 0:25:55.920 --> 0:25:58.920 Uh yeah, you know it's probably something I should do. 0:25:58.960 --> 0:26:00.639 I should just eat raw batched for the rest of 0:26:00.720 --> 0:26:02.560 my life, you know, Chuck, I don't know that it's 0:26:02.600 --> 0:26:08.119 healthy to deal in should uh So there are also 0:26:08.520 --> 0:26:14.040 UM some supplements that uh they say should be avoided 0:26:14.160 --> 0:26:16.600 because there are links to its side effects. They can 0:26:16.640 --> 0:26:18.840 be pretty serious. Yeah, that list you just read like 0:26:18.920 --> 0:26:22.800 a half hour ago about UM ones that are probably 0:26:23.119 --> 0:26:26.040 okay for you and probably actually are beneficial. They came 0:26:26.119 --> 0:26:28.679 up with the opposite list of that too, That's right. 0:26:29.400 --> 0:26:32.280 I just well, I mean it was the same like study, Yeah, 0:26:32.440 --> 0:26:35.920 that came up with double edged bitter bitter oranges one, 0:26:36.000 --> 0:26:39.600 and that one can be especially problematic because from what 0:26:39.720 --> 0:26:43.040 I read that that can just sort of ramp up 0:26:43.280 --> 0:26:46.719 your sort of like speed in some ways. Yeah, especially 0:26:46.760 --> 0:26:51.160 when you mix it with caffeine or speed or like meth. Yeah, 0:26:51.480 --> 0:26:53.359 you're like, wow, this meth has given me a real 0:26:53.480 --> 0:26:56.320 nutritional deficiency. I should probably start taking vitamins. That's what 0:26:56.440 --> 0:26:59.480 most most methadics too. Well. Bitter orange though, something people 0:26:59.640 --> 0:27:04.080 do who use to lose weight. Um, And it can 0:27:04.280 --> 0:27:06.040 lead to a heart attack and stroke if you take 0:27:06.119 --> 0:27:09.040 enough of it. And usually and we'll talk about this more, 0:27:09.119 --> 0:27:12.119 but this stuff combining with other things is kind of 0:27:12.160 --> 0:27:15.200 where you can get into problems. I saw a lady 0:27:15.280 --> 0:27:17.119 one time at a restaurant where I was working, pass 0:27:17.160 --> 0:27:20.200 out on the middle of the floor. And it's because 0:27:20.280 --> 0:27:23.560 she had just we learned from her friends after the 0:27:23.600 --> 0:27:26.320 ambulance came. She had just come off of a week 0:27:26.400 --> 0:27:30.800 long like I'm doing nothing but eating uh cayenne pepper 0:27:30.840 --> 0:27:33.760 and lemonade. But no, but just like water and vitamins 0:27:33.840 --> 0:27:36.120 or something. And then to celebrate the end of the week, 0:27:36.200 --> 0:27:38.639 she was like drinking and eating steaks and she just 0:27:38.760 --> 0:27:41.600 hit the deck. That's how it's done. That's a real 0:27:41.680 --> 0:27:44.920 problem refeeding. Um, We're gonna do an episode once on 0:27:45.160 --> 0:27:48.080 this man who who didn't eat for a year, and 0:27:48.280 --> 0:27:50.960 we're going to do that. Yeah, and they they were 0:27:51.080 --> 0:27:53.560 smart enough to figure out that, like he couldn't just 0:27:53.640 --> 0:27:56.520 start eating it just slowly like work food back in. 0:27:56.840 --> 0:27:59.240 But you can die from that after a long yeah fast, 0:27:59.320 --> 0:28:02.680 if you don't refeed go through the process correctly, you 0:28:02.760 --> 0:28:05.200 can just drop dead, like you have a heart attack 0:28:05.280 --> 0:28:08.200 basically from eating food. Yeah. This lady was fine, or 0:28:08.240 --> 0:28:11.280 I'm assuming she was fine, because as they were wheeling 0:28:11.359 --> 0:28:13.560 her out, she did the thing that all pro athletes do. 0:28:13.720 --> 0:28:16.840 She just gave the thumbs up. She's all right, everybody, 0:28:16.960 --> 0:28:19.760 She's okay. Uh So what else is on their chaparral? 0:28:19.920 --> 0:28:23.760 Colloidal silver? That's a big one. Blue. Wh wasn't it 0:28:23.760 --> 0:28:28.320 a senator or somebody? Timing guy with a beard? The 0:28:28.400 --> 0:28:31.359 blue man? I think there was a congressman or senator 0:28:31.480 --> 0:28:36.399 that turned blue. It's like permanent, is it? Yes? I 0:28:36.480 --> 0:28:40.040 saw that. It tends to be permanent. Boy. Yeah, once 0:28:40.080 --> 0:28:42.960 you turn blue, you don't go back, is the old thing. 0:28:44.520 --> 0:28:47.720 Um Colt's foot, which I had never heard of before, 0:28:48.400 --> 0:28:52.760 supposedly good for asthma, also linked to liver damage and cancer. 0:28:53.760 --> 0:28:57.320 Geranium country mallow that has a Federan in it. Yeah, 0:28:57.440 --> 0:29:02.840 city Mellow is great country Mellow no good. Uma, it 0:29:03.000 --> 0:29:06.360 was so dumb uh. And what else you know? Himbay, 0:29:07.080 --> 0:29:10.840 which is frequently used for erectile dysfunction, but unfortunately it's 0:29:10.880 --> 0:29:13.280 an m A O I, which means that if you 0:29:13.360 --> 0:29:15.680 drink like orange juice on this thing, you can drop dead. 0:29:16.480 --> 0:29:20.040 Um that this list is as obviously it's not comprehensive. 0:29:20.400 --> 0:29:22.080 And also I want to just say one more thing 0:29:22.160 --> 0:29:26.120 real quick. So I am not attacking supplements. I take 0:29:26.160 --> 0:29:31.520 supplements myself, and the idea that of taking something even synthesized, 0:29:31.560 --> 0:29:35.000 but that's based on scientific investigation in the nature of 0:29:35.080 --> 0:29:37.880 nutrition and all that. I find that endlessly appealing. I 0:29:38.000 --> 0:29:40.400 love that and anything that can help you be a 0:29:40.480 --> 0:29:43.520 healthier person. I'm in favor of. Um. So I don't 0:29:43.720 --> 0:29:45.680 I don't want to give the impression that I'm just 0:29:45.760 --> 0:29:48.160 like gleefully shooting holes in the idea of people taking 0:29:48.200 --> 0:29:50.360 supplements because I take them less. I don't think that's 0:29:50.400 --> 0:29:52.360 coming across that way. Okay, good, you seem like you're 0:29:52.360 --> 0:29:54.560 in a good mood. It's all because I gleefully shoot 0:29:54.600 --> 0:29:56.880 holes in a lot of stuff. I'm just not doing 0:29:56.960 --> 0:30:00.960 this now. Um, So here's the thing too, which this 0:30:01.120 --> 0:30:03.680 article points out. These are having a good listen to 0:30:03.720 --> 0:30:05.840 bad list is all well and good and it can 0:30:05.920 --> 0:30:09.040 be helpful if you don't know what's going on. What's 0:30:09.040 --> 0:30:11.240 going on? You know, and you're like, want to you 0:30:11.280 --> 0:30:13.080 want to start at like zero and learn a couple 0:30:13.120 --> 0:30:16.719 of things. A list like that is good, but it's again, Um, 0:30:16.920 --> 0:30:20.840 you have to know your body and talk to your 0:30:20.880 --> 0:30:23.240 doctor about stuff and like what other medications are you 0:30:23.320 --> 0:30:26.320 taking and what's your end goal? Yes, so you want 0:30:26.360 --> 0:30:29.640 a doctor who is not opposed to supplements and who's 0:30:29.680 --> 0:30:32.800 knowledgeable with supplements, because any good doctor worth their salt, 0:30:32.960 --> 0:30:36.120 especially one that came around post nineties, should be all 0:30:36.160 --> 0:30:39.360 about supplements and should know what supplements work, what to 0:30:39.440 --> 0:30:42.760 recommend to you to also know what what you're on 0:30:43.520 --> 0:30:47.280 and what you can't have, what interacts poorly. Yeah, I 0:30:47.320 --> 0:30:49.240 think finding that doctor in the middle ground, though it 0:30:49.280 --> 0:30:52.640 can be tough these days, um, because on one end 0:30:52.680 --> 0:30:55.400 of the spectrum you have uh what Emily calls the 0:30:55.440 --> 0:30:58.440 hokey pokeys, which are like, oh no, no, don't take 0:30:58.720 --> 0:31:02.960 any pharma suit cold medicines ever, only take these plant things. 0:31:03.640 --> 0:31:05.320 And then at the other end, you have doctors that 0:31:05.360 --> 0:31:09.120 are like I believe in science, so only take prescription drugs, 0:31:09.400 --> 0:31:11.280 don't mess around with any plant based in because you're 0:31:11.280 --> 0:31:13.480 just gonna pay it out. And I find that it's 0:31:13.480 --> 0:31:16.640 hard to find someone in between, right. I think. Also, 0:31:16.760 --> 0:31:18.760 even if you do find one that is in between 0:31:18.880 --> 0:31:22.360 in spirit, they might not have all the information because 0:31:22.440 --> 0:31:24.800 you know, you you touched on it earlier. There is 0:31:24.920 --> 0:31:30.120 um a lot of conflicting and competing studies like this. Uh, 0:31:30.240 --> 0:31:33.320 this article from how Stuff Works says that UM back 0:31:33.360 --> 0:31:37.200 in two thousand thirteen, after years of being told that 0:31:37.280 --> 0:31:39.960 they should take vitamin D and calcium for bone health, 0:31:40.640 --> 0:31:45.320 that postmenopausal women were told stop taking those things. Not 0:31:45.480 --> 0:31:48.640 only do they not help you, but the the additional 0:31:48.760 --> 0:31:51.960 calcium may lead to everything from a heart attack to 0:31:52.240 --> 0:31:56.959 kidney stones because kidney stones are typically made of calcium deposits. Right. Um. 0:31:58.040 --> 0:31:59.960 And then another study I think came out that same 0:32:00.080 --> 0:32:03.400 miror and said, no, no, keep taking those things. Not 0:32:03.560 --> 0:32:08.120 only do they help you, they probably actually don't UM 0:32:08.280 --> 0:32:11.440 produce kidney stones. And you know that, like if you 0:32:11.560 --> 0:32:14.640 go on to like CNN or NBC or Fox News 0:32:14.720 --> 0:32:19.000 or whatever in their websites, they have both articles screaming 0:32:19.080 --> 0:32:23.320 both headlines the opposite. Nobody ever goes and follows up right, um, 0:32:23.560 --> 0:32:26.560 and everybody's kind of shouts whatever the new studies finding. 0:32:26.600 --> 0:32:29.400 So it's really confusing even if you're trying to pay 0:32:29.400 --> 0:32:33.160 attention to this. And if you dig into trustworthy sites 0:32:33.280 --> 0:32:36.200 like say an FDA site or the National Institutes of 0:32:36.280 --> 0:32:38.760 Health site or something like that, there's plenty of links, 0:32:39.120 --> 0:32:44.080 but they say a very minimal amount because there's so little, 0:32:45.280 --> 0:32:51.320 um substantial science that conclusively says this, this actually helps 0:32:51.440 --> 0:32:54.480 or this doesn't help. And that's the thing too, there's 0:32:54.680 --> 0:32:58.760 there's nothing, there's very few things that say this does 0:32:58.880 --> 0:33:02.440 not help. You are totally wasting your money totally, So 0:33:02.560 --> 0:33:04.560 they can't really say one way or the other. It's 0:33:04.600 --> 0:33:07.120 all just really middle ground right now. So we actually 0:33:07.200 --> 0:33:12.080 need science more than ever to really um study this stuff. 0:33:12.280 --> 0:33:15.000 But I mean it is they are studying. If they're 0:33:15.000 --> 0:33:17.560 just coming up with different results, somebody just needs to 0:33:17.840 --> 0:33:22.320 God needs to come down and be like this and 0:33:22.440 --> 0:33:27.000 just point out the Bible. Yeah, vitamin church like playing 0:33:27.280 --> 0:33:30.680 the answers are within. Didn't ned say vitamin church and 0:33:30.760 --> 0:33:35.920 a healthy does vitamin church? That's great? Uh, One thing 0:33:35.960 --> 0:33:38.120 we do know is that and this is across the board. 0:33:38.200 --> 0:33:41.600 Everything I researched said this. If you see anything that 0:33:41.760 --> 0:33:44.600 says this is totally safe, this has no side effects. 0:33:45.240 --> 0:33:47.920 This will give you an erection for sure, This will 0:33:47.960 --> 0:33:50.680 make you lose weight, like those are the big or 0:33:51.280 --> 0:33:53.120 you know, is it gonna transfer all your weight to 0:33:53.280 --> 0:33:59.080 your erection or gentleman like when you know, would you 0:33:59.120 --> 0:34:02.600 like to last long younger? Like anything related to sexual 0:34:02.680 --> 0:34:06.960 performance and like weight loss is just super hanky. Well, 0:34:07.040 --> 0:34:10.000 it's not only that the claims are frequently hinky. A 0:34:10.120 --> 0:34:13.160 lot of times the claims are correct, like it like 0:34:13.280 --> 0:34:18.360 this this crazy like um botanical for a rectile dysfunction 0:34:18.600 --> 0:34:22.160 works really well, but don'dren corns juice. No, it's because 0:34:22.480 --> 0:34:27.040 they they use viagra like they're One of the One 0:34:27.080 --> 0:34:30.719 of the ways that bodybuilding, weight loss and sexual enhancement 0:34:31.200 --> 0:34:36.480 supplements become adult treated is they have actual pharmaceutical drugs 0:34:36.560 --> 0:34:39.200 in them that aren't on the label. Some companies have 0:34:39.320 --> 0:34:42.360 figured out that the FDA is totally powerless and a 0:34:42.440 --> 0:34:46.719 really good way to sell cheap pharmaceuticals generic pharmaceuticals two 0:34:46.760 --> 0:34:49.520 Americans is to put it in a supplement, not put 0:34:49.600 --> 0:34:52.800 it on the label and go basically around the FDA 0:34:52.920 --> 0:34:55.960 by going through these So are these uh sold by 0:34:56.040 --> 0:34:58.440 the actual pharmaceutical companies under a sort of like a 0:34:58.520 --> 0:35:01.560 sub business title and I think it's largely fly by 0:35:01.680 --> 0:35:03.800 night companies. Well, and do they partner with them or 0:35:03.840 --> 0:35:05.719 do they just buy a ton of viagraha, now they 0:35:05.760 --> 0:35:07.640 know a guy in China who can get pounds of 0:35:07.760 --> 0:35:13.160 like cheap generic viagraph or um Prozac is another one 0:35:13.200 --> 0:35:18.200 that pops up, especially in weight loss um steroids, um. 0:35:18.640 --> 0:35:21.760 Some some drugs that like we're up for FDA approval 0:35:21.800 --> 0:35:24.560 as pharmaceuticals and the FDA said not too dangerous. They 0:35:24.640 --> 0:35:29.279 turn up in in dietary supplements, and like it's one 0:35:29.360 --> 0:35:32.320 thing to waste your money and just pe out expensive urine. 0:35:32.600 --> 0:35:36.640 It's an entirely different thing to take prescription drugs unknowingly 0:35:37.200 --> 0:35:40.960 and without any sort of medical supervision, because the the 0:35:41.200 --> 0:35:43.520 government agency that's supposed to be keeping an eye on 0:35:43.560 --> 0:35:48.000 this stuff is expressly forbade from doing that. Yeah, they're 0:35:48.040 --> 0:35:50.279 also you need to like when we were talking about 0:35:50.360 --> 0:35:52.680 the high FRUC dose corn syrup, the fact that that's 0:35:52.719 --> 0:35:56.320 in everything, you don't even know it, and sort of 0:35:56.360 --> 0:35:59.040 the same thing here, Like you're the foods you're already 0:35:59.080 --> 0:36:03.239 eating maybe good enough if you know, chances are if 0:36:03.239 --> 0:36:05.440 you're eating really good like whole foods and things like that, 0:36:05.560 --> 0:36:10.000 you're probably not diving headlong into the supplement thing. But 0:36:10.280 --> 0:36:12.360 if you're already getting like a ton of vitamin D 0:36:12.920 --> 0:36:15.480 in various foods that you don't even realize, and then 0:36:15.560 --> 0:36:18.359 you take it on top of that, or god forbid, 0:36:18.400 --> 0:36:21.279 if you think I'll just quit taking my medication because 0:36:21.320 --> 0:36:23.200 I think this will help, Like, none of that is 0:36:23.239 --> 0:36:27.440 a good idea. And then we should probably just talk 0:36:27.480 --> 0:36:31.040 about the FEDRA really quick, because that was a very 0:36:31.120 --> 0:36:36.640 big deal. Um buying a gas stations, Yeah, and it was. 0:36:37.360 --> 0:36:39.640 It was marketed as a weight loss thing, and I'm 0:36:39.680 --> 0:36:41.680 sure it probably worked in that capacity. Gives you a 0:36:41.760 --> 0:36:44.279 real good buzz it said on the package, didn't really 0:36:44.760 --> 0:36:47.279 probably there are probably some it said in like a 0:36:47.360 --> 0:36:50.320 bolt of lightning or something. Well, fifteen deaths were attributed 0:36:50.360 --> 0:36:53.279 to it by and then I do remember in two 0:36:53.320 --> 0:36:57.160 thousand four, uh, the FDA finally banned it. Um And 0:36:57.400 --> 0:37:00.200 it wasn't necessarily because of this, but a very high 0:37:00.239 --> 0:37:02.640 profile death in Major League Baseball happened. Do you remember 0:37:02.640 --> 0:37:05.040 who was Yeah, he was a picture I think is 0:37:05.160 --> 0:37:10.439 Steve Steve Beckler, I think, and he died I think 0:37:10.520 --> 0:37:13.759 during spring training, if I'm not mistaken. And they linked 0:37:13.800 --> 0:37:15.719 it to a feder and they finally were like, maybe 0:37:15.719 --> 0:37:18.799 we should step in and do something here because America's 0:37:19.160 --> 0:37:22.400 past time is at stake. It would be like if 0:37:22.440 --> 0:37:25.000 an apple pie just dropped dead from a feder get 0:37:25.120 --> 0:37:27.920 rid of the apples. Oh no, no, sorry, the other 0:37:27.920 --> 0:37:31.719 way around. Uh So let's take our second break, Chuck, Yes, 0:37:31.920 --> 0:37:34.239 and then we'll come back and talk some more food. Okay, Yeah, 0:37:34.320 --> 0:37:58.680 let's do Okay, hey, Chuck, Hi, before so we're back, Yes, 0:37:59.040 --> 0:38:04.280 before we talk about food, let's go further back hundreds 0:38:04.320 --> 0:38:07.280 of millions of years. Okay. Yeah, it's a big surprise. 0:38:08.120 --> 0:38:12.080 So we're not even the wayback machine. We can just teleport. Yes, mentally, 0:38:12.280 --> 0:38:17.399 we become intradimensional beings. So, um, we have figured out 0:38:17.520 --> 0:38:21.960 that vitamins were around in like the early Earth. I 0:38:22.000 --> 0:38:24.560 don't know if we said originally we I think we 0:38:24.600 --> 0:38:27.400 said your body needs these things are micronutrients, but your 0:38:27.440 --> 0:38:29.399 body needs them for all sorts of things. They help 0:38:29.440 --> 0:38:33.120 in like all manner of chemical processes from like um 0:38:33.520 --> 0:38:37.120 helping your cells divide to your bones to grow like 0:38:37.280 --> 0:38:40.640 really important stuff, which is why we need them. And 0:38:40.760 --> 0:38:44.080 your body makes some vitamins, but um, we have to 0:38:44.160 --> 0:38:47.359 get them from outside sources. A lot thirteen vitamins are 0:38:47.440 --> 0:38:51.160 essential to humans and what we need other animals don't 0:38:51.160 --> 0:38:53.719 necessarily need, Like dogs don't need vitamin C because their 0:38:53.760 --> 0:38:56.960 bodies produced enough. We our bodies don't produce enough, so 0:38:57.040 --> 0:38:59.680 we need vitamin C from other sources. Um. But what 0:38:59.800 --> 0:39:03.359 they figured out is that in the ancient Earth, bacteria 0:39:03.600 --> 0:39:07.520 and other life made vitamins on their own, and then 0:39:07.600 --> 0:39:10.640 over time, as we evolved into higher and higher forms, 0:39:10.880 --> 0:39:13.440 we apparently lost a lot of that ability, not all 0:39:13.480 --> 0:39:15.880 of it, because we can still make some, but um 0:39:16.239 --> 0:39:17.920 to the point where we need to get it from 0:39:17.960 --> 0:39:22.400 other sources. So more sophisticated animals started eating more primitive 0:39:22.440 --> 0:39:25.839 animals to get that source of vitamin right. And that's 0:39:25.880 --> 0:39:30.080 where the whole process began, where we started to evolve 0:39:30.320 --> 0:39:35.680 coevolve with other life on Earth, and we our bodies realized, well, 0:39:35.960 --> 0:39:38.880 we can get this vitamin from this plant, or we 0:39:38.960 --> 0:39:41.600 can get this vitamin from this animal, and that's how 0:39:41.719 --> 0:39:46.120 this kind of food web developed was basically for a 0:39:46.239 --> 0:39:49.200 reliance on vitamins and other things like fats and proteins 0:39:49.239 --> 0:39:52.840 and other nutrients. But this nutrient exchange that that is 0:39:52.960 --> 0:39:57.600 when one life started to eat other life. And that's 0:39:57.680 --> 0:39:59.920 kind of where vitamins came from. And it wasn't into 0:40:00.840 --> 0:40:03.160 the beginning of the twentieth century that we figured out 0:40:03.160 --> 0:40:06.200 how to synthesize vitamins. Yeah, that was a game changer. 0:40:06.680 --> 0:40:10.080 And like the twenties and thirties, UM, and that thing 0:40:10.160 --> 0:40:13.080 you sent about cereal is just mind blowing. Yes. Yes, 0:40:13.200 --> 0:40:16.480 So so if you keep going, we we are. The 0:40:16.600 --> 0:40:19.759 fact that we synthesized vitamins allowed the process food UM 0:40:20.719 --> 0:40:23.160 industry to boom. Yeah, because it's like here, now we 0:40:23.239 --> 0:40:27.200 can put things back into food that we synthesized. And 0:40:27.400 --> 0:40:29.160 in the case of cereal, like what I was saying, 0:40:29.760 --> 0:40:33.239 there are some vitamins that are sprayed on to the 0:40:33.360 --> 0:40:35.680 end product. Yeah, so if you see something that says 0:40:35.800 --> 0:40:38.520 fortified or enriched, sure that's what that means. That means 0:40:38.600 --> 0:40:42.280 that they dump some vitamins into the dough or sprayed 0:40:42.320 --> 0:40:44.279 it on the outside of your corn flax or something. 0:40:44.440 --> 0:40:47.759 And that just spraying cereal with like give me a 0:40:47.840 --> 0:40:50.520 can of vitamin D and just spray it on. Well, 0:40:50.600 --> 0:40:54.920 the hypothesis is that without enriched foods, we would all 0:40:55.000 --> 0:40:59.240 be dead from like rickets and other sorts of horrible malnourishment, disease, 0:40:59.280 --> 0:41:01.759 blind from back of vitamin A, all the things that 0:41:01.840 --> 0:41:03.800 can happen to you if you don't get enough vitamins. 0:41:04.000 --> 0:41:06.399 What happened to the average American? Because what we eat 0:41:07.000 --> 0:41:10.720 because foods right, But the reason it doesn't is because 0:41:10.840 --> 0:41:14.279 they put vitamins back in. Some people say, you know, 0:41:15.120 --> 0:41:19.200 you might not even need supplements, forget eating whole food, 0:41:19.560 --> 0:41:23.719 but they put so many vitamins in processed food that 0:41:23.880 --> 0:41:27.840 you could conceivably live, okay, except for the added sugar 0:41:28.200 --> 0:41:34.600 and the added salt, you could live vitamin wise. Um, fine, well, sure, 0:41:35.160 --> 0:41:37.320 that's a sugar in the salt things a big caveat. 0:41:37.480 --> 0:41:39.200 It is a big caveat because that leads to other 0:41:39.280 --> 0:41:42.000 problems like cardiac But I see what you're saying, like 0:41:42.160 --> 0:41:44.759 you could maybe get all the vitamins you need from 0:41:44.840 --> 0:41:48.759 processed foods. Um, But that's not what we're recommending because 0:41:49.520 --> 0:41:53.440 we're not doctors. But doctors say, are we to food now? 0:41:53.880 --> 0:41:56.440 Like food? Food? Also? Oh yeah, one more thing, I 0:41:56.520 --> 0:41:59.680 want to shout out Carl Zimmer, who wrote um vitamins 0:41:59.719 --> 0:42:03.560 old old edge, uh in um I think the New 0:42:03.640 --> 0:42:06.800 York Times. Yeah, yeah, he did a great job about 0:42:06.800 --> 0:42:10.520 the history of vitamins. Is that a friend of yours? No, 0:42:10.640 --> 0:42:13.680 he's like a great science writer. Remember our blood type episode? 0:42:14.600 --> 0:42:17.600 Sure that was live in Atlanta, right, Yes, it was 0:42:17.800 --> 0:42:21.200 based a lot on his article on blood types. Didn't 0:42:21.239 --> 0:42:24.319 we take a did we do a blood type test 0:42:24.400 --> 0:42:28.080 on stage? Yeah? I turned out to be a positive, right, Jerry, 0:42:28.080 --> 0:42:30.879 aren't you a positive? Me and Jerry have the same 0:42:30.920 --> 0:42:33.640 blood type. So a one of us get a leg amputated, 0:42:33.719 --> 0:42:35.759 the other one has to cough up some blood, I know, 0:42:35.880 --> 0:42:38.920 and I'll be right there to manage the whole progress. Um, 0:42:39.160 --> 0:42:40.879 But you two would just be arguing the whole time 0:42:40.920 --> 0:42:43.040 that someone would bleed out before you settled on an 0:42:43.120 --> 0:42:45.920 arranged saying the same thing though, But it just sounds 0:42:45.960 --> 0:42:48.080 like an argument, And I would just as as you 0:42:48.160 --> 0:42:50.439 both drifted off into the great beyond, I'd say, that's 0:42:50.480 --> 0:42:54.560 so you guys, Um all right? That would not be 0:42:54.640 --> 0:42:57.160 good though, because then I would have no career and 0:42:57.160 --> 0:43:01.840 I had missed my friends. They get second um, so 0:43:02.160 --> 0:43:06.080 eating foods that the you know that Mother Earth gives 0:43:06.200 --> 0:43:09.920 us to contain these things is clearly the best thing 0:43:10.040 --> 0:43:13.360 to do, allegedly. You know, studies have shown that we 0:43:13.440 --> 0:43:16.720 absorbed synthetic vitamins better than the stuff and food. Depending 0:43:16.880 --> 0:43:20.319 really saw that, But again science is all over the place. 0:43:20.520 --> 0:43:23.239 Well yeah, well since you brought that up, and like 0:43:23.320 --> 0:43:25.600 I mentioned earlier in the episode, there are a lot 0:43:25.640 --> 0:43:29.480 of studies that say that you actually don't absorb those 0:43:29.600 --> 0:43:33.279 as well. I guess there are counter studies vitamins, yeah, 0:43:33.880 --> 0:43:36.640 that I'm sure they're probably where where does the funding 0:43:36.719 --> 0:43:40.879 come from? I don't know, studies, I don't know. It's 0:43:40.880 --> 0:43:44.400 a really good question. But phytochemicals, they are plant chemicals 0:43:45.600 --> 0:43:48.440 that have properties that can help really help protect you 0:43:48.520 --> 0:43:52.160 from disease. Those aren't in the supplements though. The phytochemicals 0:43:52.200 --> 0:43:54.279 are what you get when you eat the raw broccoli, right. 0:43:54.400 --> 0:43:57.839 I think you can get supplements, very high end supplements 0:43:57.920 --> 0:44:00.640 that have phytochemicals and other stuff. And how rich people 0:44:00.640 --> 0:44:02.759 suff so, like you know, in the future, they're like, 0:44:02.840 --> 0:44:05.560 here's a meal and a pill. What they're kind of 0:44:05.840 --> 0:44:11.719 hinting at is a full, fully fortified like pill and 0:44:11.880 --> 0:44:13.640 that like in the vitamins we take. Now, if you 0:44:13.680 --> 0:44:16.719 take vitamin D, you're getting vitamin D, whereas if you 0:44:16.800 --> 0:44:18.560 drink some milk, you're getting a whole bunch of other 0:44:18.640 --> 0:44:23.040 stuff along with that vitamin, right, And those things work 0:44:23.120 --> 0:44:25.680 together in your body, and so you're giving your body 0:44:25.719 --> 0:44:27.920 a shot of all these things that work really well together. 0:44:28.040 --> 0:44:31.160 And that's the argument for eating the food. Oh for sure. 0:44:31.520 --> 0:44:36.799 UM phytochemicals they think enhance what's called bioavailability. And that's 0:44:36.840 --> 0:44:39.399 what we've been talking about, which is how much you're 0:44:39.440 --> 0:44:43.320 actually absorbing UM. And I guess just pick a study 0:44:43.320 --> 0:44:46.439 because one might say, uh, you pee it right out, 0:44:46.520 --> 0:44:49.120 and another might say a supplement and another might say 0:44:49.200 --> 0:44:52.120 you don't. That's where it's just it's maddening, you know. 0:44:52.440 --> 0:44:55.960 It is one of the things that I think us 0:44:56.719 --> 0:45:01.480 pharmacopeia one of the one of the um that those 0:45:01.560 --> 0:45:04.839 groups they they test to make sure that the pill 0:45:05.239 --> 0:45:07.800 or the vitamin or the supplement actually dissolves in the 0:45:07.880 --> 0:45:11.120 stomach so that you actually are you do have a 0:45:11.200 --> 0:45:13.799 fighting chance of absorbing the nutrients in there. Or does 0:45:13.840 --> 0:45:16.080 it say on the bottle don't pee for three hours 0:45:16.120 --> 0:45:22.760 after take just holy just pinch it. Uh. Here's another 0:45:22.800 --> 0:45:25.440 study from the University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine. It 0:45:25.480 --> 0:45:29.200 showed that omega three's and fatty fish like a salmon, 0:45:29.360 --> 0:45:33.200 let's say, um, they were better able to maintain proper 0:45:33.320 --> 0:45:37.360 blood pressure. People were I'm sorry, mice were then with 0:45:37.520 --> 0:45:41.279 that same omega three supplement, the fish oil pill that 0:45:41.360 --> 0:45:45.040 you will take. Yeah, uh, and that's you know, that's 0:45:45.080 --> 0:45:47.440 a that's a big deal. There's no like substitute, I 0:45:47.440 --> 0:45:49.160 don't think for the real thing. Well, they found they 0:45:49.200 --> 0:45:51.840 found like on the actual like level of your blood 0:45:51.920 --> 0:45:57.760 vessels that the natural, naturally occurring d h A holds 0:45:57.840 --> 0:46:02.960 open your blood vessels, whereas the synthetic version doesn't, and 0:46:03.080 --> 0:46:08.080 it actually fights the the natural version in your bloodstream too. 0:46:08.360 --> 0:46:10.840 So but I mean that's just d h A. You know, 0:46:11.400 --> 0:46:15.839 that doesn't necessarily extrapolate to vitamin d R anything like that. Well, 0:46:15.920 --> 0:46:18.000 that's why you gotta really like dig in if you 0:46:18.080 --> 0:46:21.360 want to start taking supplements, but do your research. But 0:46:21.440 --> 0:46:24.040 I think the the idea that there are such things 0:46:24.080 --> 0:46:28.560 as phytochemicals that we don't necessarily need to live, like 0:46:28.719 --> 0:46:34.160 resveratrol and grapes or lutin in spinach or um like 0:46:34.360 --> 0:46:36.600 a like apens, a big one that you find in tomatoes, 0:46:36.640 --> 0:46:39.840 things that give it a plant, it's flavor, it's odor, 0:46:39.960 --> 0:46:44.279 and its color. Those things those are phytochemicals, and those 0:46:44.280 --> 0:46:47.920 are the things that act as antioxidants. They regulate hormones, 0:46:48.080 --> 0:46:50.120 they do all the stuff that we don't have to 0:46:50.360 --> 0:46:55.480 have to function. But that actually take like that you 0:46:55.560 --> 0:46:58.239 go from surviving to thriving. It seems like when you 0:46:58.360 --> 0:47:02.200 incorporate phytochemicals in your diet, Yeah, you want a shiny 0:47:02.280 --> 0:47:07.120 coat and glowing skin, you don't need that stuff. Um. 0:47:08.560 --> 0:47:12.120 Here's another thing, the r d A. Uh. And I 0:47:12.200 --> 0:47:16.000 think the r d A it's not just with Recommended 0:47:16.040 --> 0:47:18.520 daily Allowance that that doesn't just cover supplements. I mean 0:47:18.560 --> 0:47:20.560 that's kind of for calories at all. Yeah, I mean 0:47:20.600 --> 0:47:24.960 that's a whole range of things. But um, amazingly that 0:47:25.080 --> 0:47:29.320 has not been updated since yeah, which was it was 0:47:29.400 --> 0:47:31.200 a different country back then too. There are a lot 0:47:31.280 --> 0:47:36.480 more farmers. Yeah, and and it's recommended for um, I 0:47:36.560 --> 0:47:39.000 mean they're trying to cover all of America. So it's 0:47:39.040 --> 0:47:42.719 not like the r d A for each person. They 0:47:42.800 --> 0:47:45.719 liken it to a sweater. In this article that you sent, 0:47:45.840 --> 0:47:48.239 it's like trying to create a sweater that would fit 0:47:48.880 --> 0:47:53.680 out of a hundred Americans Americans Americans. Yeah, uh, and 0:47:53.760 --> 0:47:57.000 that's just not possible. No, I mean they this author 0:47:57.160 --> 0:48:01.360 Katherine Price, he wrote Vitamania. She's putting it like ninety 0:48:01.680 --> 0:48:05.879 five Americans will find it too large. It'll fit one, 0:48:06.200 --> 0:48:08.839 it won't fit you know, four of them, but it'll 0:48:09.000 --> 0:48:13.680 it'll fit kind of some. It'll fit over some people, 0:48:13.719 --> 0:48:16.600 but it'll be wrong for him. That was their point. Yeah, 0:48:16.640 --> 0:48:18.600 And supposedly they're going to update the r d A 0:48:19.320 --> 0:48:24.080 from when in a couple of years next year, that's 0:48:24.120 --> 0:48:27.440 what I saw. We'll see. I'm interested. I can't sleep. 0:48:27.520 --> 0:48:30.520 I'm sure it's behind schedule. I can't wait. Oh. The 0:48:30.560 --> 0:48:32.879 other thing to be uh that you gotta wonder about 0:48:32.960 --> 0:48:37.680 sometimes is um if like what the long term effective 0:48:37.880 --> 0:48:41.279 of something like this might be. You know, it's like 0:48:41.480 --> 0:48:44.840 taking taking vitamin D for a year or something is 0:48:44.920 --> 0:48:50.640 different than taking vitamin D for forty years throughout your life. Yeah. So, 0:48:50.880 --> 0:48:55.440 like there's something called um hyper vitamin osis I believe, 0:48:56.080 --> 0:48:59.840 which is basically o ding on vitamins and some vitamins 0:48:59.880 --> 0:49:02.080 it's really hard to do. Others it's a little easier. 0:49:02.160 --> 0:49:04.960 But this author, Catherine Price, is kind of putting out 0:49:05.040 --> 0:49:10.160 this hypothesis that, um, we may be existing in some 0:49:10.320 --> 0:49:13.799 kind of sub toxic state where it's we're not it's 0:49:13.840 --> 0:49:16.640 not acutely toxic. We're not feigning and vomiting, and like 0:49:16.719 --> 0:49:20.200 our liver isn't shutting down, but we're suffering from diseases 0:49:20.280 --> 0:49:23.359 we might not otherwise suffer from that we haven't linked 0:49:23.400 --> 0:49:26.200 to the fact that we're taking too many vitamins. Yeah, 0:49:26.480 --> 0:49:30.239 that's just like this low level sort of poisoning or something. 0:49:30.400 --> 0:49:32.920 It's interesting, that's enough, like you could you could survive, 0:49:33.040 --> 0:49:35.000 but you might die of something you wouldn't have died 0:49:35.080 --> 0:49:38.120 from if you hadn't taken vitamin A that you didn't 0:49:38.200 --> 0:49:41.440 need for thirty years, you know. And it's a hypothesis. 0:49:41.520 --> 0:49:44.759 It's not proven, but I've seen other people suggested too. Yeah, 0:49:44.920 --> 0:49:47.560 and poison control to um, oh, yeah, that's a big one. 0:49:47.640 --> 0:49:50.840 That's a huge one. Every twenty four minutes, poison control 0:49:50.920 --> 0:49:55.200 centers in the US get a call about a supplement reaction. Um, 0:49:55.719 --> 0:49:59.120 it happens a lot. Yeah, there's about twenty three thousand 0:49:59.280 --> 0:50:03.399 e er trip from supplements in the US each year. Yeah, 0:50:03.719 --> 0:50:05.440 I mean, you think poison control is just like a 0:50:05.520 --> 0:50:08.320 swallowed something with a skull and crossbones on the label, 0:50:08.960 --> 0:50:12.600 But that's that's really not the case, and especially true 0:50:12.640 --> 0:50:16.279 with kids, like you should treat these things like you know, 0:50:17.640 --> 0:50:20.120 it sounds harsh to say, like it's poison, but if 0:50:20.120 --> 0:50:22.000 you got a toddler in the house, don't leave your 0:50:22.000 --> 0:50:23.680 supplements down where they can get them just because it 0:50:23.719 --> 0:50:27.520 says all natural. Yeah, yeah, and that's and that's part 0:50:27.560 --> 0:50:30.960 of the problem is they have this kind of veneer 0:50:31.080 --> 0:50:36.440 of wholesomeness because they are natural and this is stuff 0:50:36.440 --> 0:50:40.080 that that's reported to poison control. You supposedly can report 0:50:40.160 --> 0:50:42.879 something to the f d A, but how many people 0:50:42.920 --> 0:50:44.920 are doing that? You know a lot of people, um, 0:50:45.239 --> 0:50:48.320 if they do suffer an adverse reaction, will contact the company, 0:50:48.360 --> 0:50:52.560 the manufacturer, and the manufacturer on paper is supposed to 0:50:52.640 --> 0:50:56.160 report the incident to the FDA. But again it's it's 0:50:56.239 --> 0:50:58.160 on the honor system, right. Or you just go to 0:50:58.239 --> 0:50:59.920 the doctor and they say maybe you should lay off 0:51:00.040 --> 0:51:06.919 the whatever you're taking, the wacky tobaccy yeah, vitamin church 0:51:07.280 --> 0:51:12.759 w um, yeah, maybe layoff that, and then you never 0:51:12.880 --> 0:51:15.080 report it. So the long and short of it is is. 0:51:15.200 --> 0:51:17.880 I think they said something like never get reported to 0:51:17.920 --> 0:51:20.839 the FDA at all. So, I mean, I don't really 0:51:20.880 --> 0:51:22.920 know how to wrap this one up because they is 0:51:23.040 --> 0:51:25.200 just so so out on so many things. I mean, 0:51:25.400 --> 0:51:27.080 for the most part, it does seem like you're going 0:51:27.239 --> 0:51:30.560 to do a little more than waste your money on 0:51:30.760 --> 0:51:34.880 something you don't need. UM. But I think the movement 0:51:34.960 --> 0:51:37.719 today is to say no just before you really start 0:51:37.800 --> 0:51:41.279 a supplement regimen, before you go Al Ray curs while 0:51:41.520 --> 0:51:44.719 because you know, he takes pills a day a day 0:51:45.360 --> 0:51:49.400 every day. He's a futurist, like People's Chief imagineer or 0:51:49.480 --> 0:51:52.359 something like that. No, that's a Disney term. He uh, 0:51:52.800 --> 0:51:55.040 he takes like two fifty pills a day. Before you 0:51:55.160 --> 0:51:58.560 do anything like that. The the kind of the um. 0:51:59.120 --> 0:52:02.920 The recommendation du jure is try eating more of a 0:52:03.040 --> 0:52:06.000 whole foods diet. Yeah, like go spend all of your 0:52:06.000 --> 0:52:10.759 money at whole foods. I think that means that one. Yeah. 0:52:10.880 --> 0:52:12.799 I agree, this is a tough one to wrap up, 0:52:12.800 --> 0:52:15.200 and I believe we will get equal parts emails saying 0:52:16.160 --> 0:52:19.319 from people who swear by it. Uh. It's almost takes 0:52:19.360 --> 0:52:22.800 on a religious quality to people that think it's complete 0:52:22.880 --> 0:52:24.920 bunk and a couple of people saying like, leave worn 0:52:24.960 --> 0:52:30.080 hats alone. Well, since I said leave worn hats alone, 0:52:30.640 --> 0:52:35.120 I think that means it's time for listener mail. Uh 0:52:35.280 --> 0:52:39.040 it is, and I'm gonna call this uh Josh and 0:52:39.120 --> 0:52:42.800 Chucker feminists. Hey, guys, I'm consistently impressed by how clued 0:52:42.880 --> 0:52:46.600 up you are on feminism. And by feminism I mean 0:52:46.960 --> 0:52:49.920 equality in general, because you always point out times and 0:52:49.960 --> 0:52:52.680 which men struggle in society too. From my point of view, 0:52:52.719 --> 0:52:56.200 you also regularly look through a race lens, disabled lens, 0:52:56.320 --> 0:52:59.120 and gay lens. Although I cannot speak for how well 0:52:59.160 --> 0:53:01.920 you are doing there, to me, it seems incredibly inclusive 0:53:01.960 --> 0:53:06.560 and sympathetic. Uh, You're welcome. Oh you mean got you? 0:53:07.120 --> 0:53:08.799 I think you too? Maybe the only two adult men 0:53:08.840 --> 0:53:11.880 I've ever heard speak the way you do. Uh, And 0:53:12.040 --> 0:53:14.600 I massively respect you for that is so important to 0:53:14.680 --> 0:53:17.279 have influential men speak in these ways. I don't think 0:53:17.320 --> 0:53:20.040 that you ever really pushed those arguments down people's throats, 0:53:20.040 --> 0:53:22.880 but instead matter of factly stating these issues during an 0:53:22.880 --> 0:53:26.600 informative podcast in a man's voice. Let's have an influence 0:53:26.760 --> 0:53:30.920 in uh, And it is having an effect somewhere I've 0:53:30.960 --> 0:53:34.279 even heard he criticized some second wave feminist ideas and 0:53:34.360 --> 0:53:38.080 trump them with third wave feminist ideas. I think it 0:53:38.239 --> 0:53:41.480 was in the makeup episode. You guys were discussing feminists 0:53:41.520 --> 0:53:44.319 of the seventies shunning women who wear makeup, and Chuck said, 0:53:44.360 --> 0:53:46.279 I think they may have got that one wrong. Uh, 0:53:46.360 --> 0:53:48.320 And then you two proceeded to have the most progressive 0:53:48.400 --> 0:53:51.160 chat ever about how women aren't just wearing makeup for 0:53:51.200 --> 0:53:54.560 the purpose of pleasing men. Makes my head explode with excitement. Guys, 0:53:55.000 --> 0:53:57.320 to each their own, keep doing what you're doing. That 0:53:57.560 --> 0:54:03.600 is from Alice chibnal Kiwi living in Edinburgh. Thanks a lot, 0:54:03.719 --> 0:54:08.759 great great city, agreed, great country to New Zealand. Yeah, 0:54:08.800 --> 0:54:11.080 I mean she's winning on both fronts. That's where a 0:54:11.120 --> 0:54:12.840 lot of the sheep lannel and invite him in d 0:54:12.920 --> 0:54:15.640 comes man, I bet New Zealand. Thanks a lot, Alice. 0:54:15.680 --> 0:54:18.200 We appreciate that. It was very nice to hear um. 0:54:18.360 --> 0:54:21.360 If you want to give us compliments, man send him in. 0:54:21.880 --> 0:54:24.360 You can find us all over social media, go to 0:54:24.400 --> 0:54:26.920 our website Stuff you Should Know dot com and as always, 0:54:26.960 --> 0:54:29.319 you can send us an email to Stuff Podcast at 0:54:29.360 --> 0:54:34.719 I Heeart Radio dot com. Stuff You Should Know is 0:54:34.719 --> 0:54:37.319 a production of iHeart Radio's How Stuff Works. For more 0:54:37.360 --> 0:54:39.799 podcasts for my heart Radio, visit the iHeart radio app, 0:54:39.920 --> 0:54:42.520 Apple Podcasts, or where ever you listen to your favorite shows.