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Speaker 1: Hey, everybody, it's Josh and Chuck your friends, and we

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Speaker 1: are here to tell you about our upcoming book that's

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Speaker 1: coming out this fall, the first ever Stuff you Should

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Speaker 1: Know book, Chuck. That's right. What's the cool, super cool

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Speaker 1: title we came up with. It's Stuff you Should Know colon,

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Speaker 1: an incomplete compendium of mostly interesting things. That's right, and

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Speaker 1: it's coming along so great. We're super excited, you guys.

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Speaker 1: The illustrations are amazing, and there's the look of the book.

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Speaker 1: It's all just it's exactly what we hoped it would be.

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Speaker 1: And we cannot wait for you to get your hands

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Speaker 1: on it. Yes, we can't. Um and you don't have

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Speaker 1: to wait. Actually, well you do have to wait, but

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Speaker 1: you don't have to wait to order. You can go

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Speaker 1: pre order the book right now everywhere you get books,

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Speaker 1: and you will eventually get a special gift for pre ordering,

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Speaker 1: which we're working on right now. That's right, So check

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Speaker 1: it out soon coming this fall. Welcome to Stuff you

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Speaker 1: Should Know, a production of My Heart Radios How Stuff Works.

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Speaker 1: All Hey, and welcome to the podcast. I'm Josh Clark

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Speaker 1: and there's Charles w. Chuck Bryan over there, and it's

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Speaker 1: just the two of us. Um, we can make it

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Speaker 1: if we try. It's just the two of us, Chuck

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Speaker 1: and I. That's right. Uh, and we are stuff you

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Speaker 1: should know the Heroin addition, Yeah, I haven't covered Heroin yet. No,

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Speaker 1: we haven't. We have not. Um and Ed helped us

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Speaker 1: out with this, and I love how he just put

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Speaker 1: it straight up. Heroin is a demon. I'm like, Che's

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Speaker 1: way to be objective. You know what occurred to me

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Speaker 1: because I like to think of things that the lens

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Speaker 1: of movies a lot of times. Uh, pot movies rarely,

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Speaker 1: if ever any good. What have you ever seen? Days

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Speaker 1: and Confused? My friend, I don't consider we we talked

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Speaker 1: about this on movie Crush and All and I I

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Speaker 1: don't consider that a weed movie. Although it's featured heavily,

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Speaker 1: I would call it one of the main characters. I

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Speaker 1: don't call it a weed movie. I consider weed movies

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Speaker 1: like Cheech and Chong movies. What about Half Baked, Half Baked?

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Speaker 1: How High? Like movies where it's literally just about marijuana,

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Speaker 1: Like Days and Confused about a bunch of friends in

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Speaker 1: the seventies and the school fair enough, fair enough. Other people, though, said, no,

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Speaker 1: you know you're wrong. Days confused as a weed movie.

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Speaker 1: But let's say that as a weed movie, that's one

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Speaker 1: good one. Like Cheech and Chong movies are okay, but

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Speaker 1: they're really not that good. They really uh cocaine movies,

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Speaker 1: I don't are there cocaine movies? Yeah, there's like Blow

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Speaker 1: was a cocaine movie, and yeah about dealing, Yeah for

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Speaker 1: sure blows about as cocaine movie as they get. I

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Speaker 1: can't think of one that's just straight up like following

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Speaker 1: some cocaine users. Yeah, like that because it's probably like

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Speaker 1: no one wants to see that, right. But heroin movies

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Speaker 1: are great, well, I mean you got what spotting, oh,

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Speaker 1: panic in Needle Park Train, spotting to see um and

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Speaker 1: and you know if even if it's not about heroin

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Speaker 1: stuff like pulp fiction, like I think heroin has been

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Speaker 1: romanticized in film, uh, far more effectively and more often

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Speaker 1: than any other drug, right, which is pretty messed up,

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Speaker 1: because if there is a drug out there where Nancy

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Speaker 1: Reagan actually was right for once in her life and

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Speaker 1: wasn't just lying through her teeth, it is definitely definitely heroin. Yeah.

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Speaker 1: It is a genuinely bad, bad drug and basically the

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Speaker 1: last thing that should be romanticized. Um, But you're right.

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Speaker 1: I think they've made some pretty good movies about it,

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Speaker 1: and I think people are like, Wow, those jazz cats

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Speaker 1: are really into that that skag man um. And uh,

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Speaker 1: I don't know. I mean, I can't imagine that there

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Speaker 1: aren't people out there who haven't tried heroin because it

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Speaker 1: was romanticized in the movies. I hate to say, yeah,

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Speaker 1: And I think because in the movies it's you know,

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Speaker 1: it portrays it as it is, which is euphoric and relaxing.

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Speaker 1: And you know, every movie you see when someone does

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Speaker 1: the heroin, uh, what you see right afterward is a

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Speaker 1: big wave of of happiness wash over them. And that's

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Speaker 1: why you don't see movies about people snorting cocaine, is

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Speaker 1: because it's just not fun to see someone snort cocaine

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Speaker 1: and then talk incessantly like a jerk for the next

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Speaker 1: four hours. You're right, right, depending on how much you got.

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Speaker 1: I've never done heroin, but I do know that its

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Speaker 1: chemical name is diah morphine, And we can't talk about

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Speaker 1: heroin without talking about morphine because it's kind of almost

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Speaker 1: the same thing. Well, it's morphine's baby, Yeah, basically, it's

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Speaker 1: it's you can take morphine. Great band name, run it

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Speaker 1: through morphine, Morphine's baby. It is kind of and I

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Speaker 1: think about it. Remember that band Morphine? They were really good.

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Speaker 1: I love Morphine. Yeah, they were great. Um what kind

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Speaker 1: of music would they be classified as? They're not quite grunched,

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Speaker 1: They're not quite metal. Now, Morphine was very chill okay,

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Speaker 1: but they had like a real heavy guitar sound, right,

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Speaker 1: lots of feedback and distortion. No, I think you're thinking

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Speaker 1: of a different band. Morphine had the saxophone as like

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Speaker 1: one of the main interest instruments. Unless I'm thinking, yeah,

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Speaker 1: you're thinking of Chicago at any rate. No, morphine is

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Speaker 1: the parent of heroin. Um. You take morphine and run

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Speaker 1: it through a few hoops with some acids, and all

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Speaker 1: of a sudden you have heroin. And they apparently are

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Speaker 1: so close together, um that the average user couldn't tell

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Speaker 1: the difference between the two, because your body basically takes

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Speaker 1: heroin and turns it into morphine. The biggest differences are

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Speaker 1: the um, the how long the high lasts. It's much

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Speaker 1: shorter with heroin, but I think it it sets on faster,

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Speaker 1: and then the addictiveness heroin is even more addictive than morphine,

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Speaker 1: and morphine is awfully addictive itself. Heroin is apparently just

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Speaker 1: in a whole different league as far as addictiveness goes. Yeah,

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Speaker 1: that's what I've heard, uh, And that's certainly how they

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Speaker 1: portrayed in movies as well. To be fair, it's like

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Speaker 1: it's although there are movies that show, like pulp fiction

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Speaker 1: is a good example of a functioning heroin addict, but

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Speaker 1: usually that's not the case in a movie. No, it's true,

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Speaker 1: and I mean m yeah, they usually do show how

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Speaker 1: just kind of gross it gets for heroin addicts. There's

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Speaker 1: it's it's rare. It's rare that it's it's not that

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Speaker 1: part isn't included. Like think about, um, what was the

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Speaker 1: name of that movie. It's Jared Leto and word reccoim

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Speaker 1: for a Dream. Yeah, that was harrowing. I always say

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Speaker 1: I got pink eye from watching that movie with that

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Speaker 1: dirty dude. Oh man, that's a perfect way to say it.

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Speaker 1: I mean, there's who can forget the one image of

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Speaker 1: the when he injected into that festering sore. Yeah, the

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Speaker 1: abscess of I think I came across something that I

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Speaker 1: think is what it was. It's called wound botulis um uh.

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Speaker 1: And that's a that's a side effect, a risk of

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Speaker 1: of heroin um, which I mean, if you think Heroine's glamorous,

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Speaker 1: just look up wound botuli is um or gang green

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Speaker 1: or an abscess from injection site. And also fact, if

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Speaker 1: you're thinking about doing heroin, do that um reccoi. And

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Speaker 1: for a Dream is also a good example of why

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Speaker 1: they don't make movies about cocaine and speed because the

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Speaker 1: probably the most unsettling aspect of that movie is the

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Speaker 1: the subplot with or the plot line with Ellen Burr

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Speaker 1: with Ellen Burst. It was hard to watch. It was

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Speaker 1: very hard to watch, although some parts of it were

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Speaker 1: pretty funny, like when the TV is just straight up

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Speaker 1: talking to her. That was hysterical. That in that movie

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Speaker 1: was nuts. Okay, So back to heroin. UM, there's apparently, uh,

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Speaker 1: there is a very pure form of heroin, which makes sense.

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Speaker 1: I mean, any kind of processed drug like cocaine or

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Speaker 1: something like that, Um, there's going to be a purest

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Speaker 1: form of it, but far and away the vast majority

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Speaker 1: of people who use that drug are never going to

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Speaker 1: encounter that purest form. It gets cut and there's impurities

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Speaker 1: that are introduced to make it less pure so you

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Speaker 1: can sell more. Um. And so the heroin goes from

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Speaker 1: like this off white kind of slightly grayish color to

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Speaker 1: everything from like orange and brown to black. Um, like

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Speaker 1: black tar heroin like one of the most famous heroin

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Speaker 1: varieties ever, from what I've heard, is comes from Mexico,

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Speaker 1: and it's just really bottom of the barrel stuff. Like

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Speaker 1: imagine that the purest form is a almost white powder

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Speaker 1: and you're shooting black tar. That kind of gives you

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Speaker 1: an idea of how far from purity black tar heroin is. Yeah,

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Speaker 1: I saw that that black tar heroine is usually cut

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Speaker 1: with either burned corn starch or lactose. Great. There's also

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Speaker 1: there's cheese heroin too, which is supposedly um, pretty rough

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Speaker 1: as well as far as impurities go. But it also

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Speaker 1: just sounds gross like cheese heroin. Yeah. Why did why

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Speaker 1: take a word that's great like cheese and screw attach

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Speaker 1: it to heroin? That's right? Uh. The other ways it

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Speaker 1: can be sold, which I didn't know. It can be

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Speaker 1: sold as a salt, which you know how in movies

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Speaker 1: if they're ejecting it, they always cook it up in

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Speaker 1: the spoon, And I think part partially why movies glamorize

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Speaker 1: it is because just cinematically, to shoot, um, to film

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Speaker 1: someone cooking something in the spoon and in the whole

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Speaker 1: process is just you know, it's interesting looking, it looks

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Speaker 1: good on screen, looks so glamorous. It does in a

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Speaker 1: little in a weird way. Um. But when you sell

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Speaker 1: it as a salt, it does not need to be

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Speaker 1: heated and dissolved. It's just I guess you can just

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Speaker 1: dissolve it like salt will dissolve in water. Um. You

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Speaker 1: can smoke it, you can snort it, you can put

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Speaker 1: it in your butt. You sound like um. Like Chris

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Speaker 1: Farley and Black Sheep, I never saw it. There's this

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Speaker 1: part where he's like shooting, snort and smoke and drop

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Speaker 1: and I've just I've seen too much Chris Farley in

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Speaker 1: my life. He's yeah, he's constantly in my head. Or

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Speaker 1: you can eat heroin apparently, yeah, especially cheese heroin. Oh

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Speaker 1: really okay. Um, So that's there's like a bunch of

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Speaker 1: different kinds of heroine you can get depending on where

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Speaker 1: you are. It's going to come from different places in

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Speaker 1: the world, which we'll talk about. Um. And there's no

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Speaker 1: denying it gets you super duper high when you when

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Speaker 1: you do Heroin. UM. The problem is is that within

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Speaker 1: a few hours of that, you start to enter Heroin withdrawals.

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Speaker 1: And we'll talk about exactly what goes on in the

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Speaker 1: brain a little more, but basically your brain is saying, oh,

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Speaker 1: I need more of what you just gave me because

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Speaker 1: I adjusted to life with that UM, with that level

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Speaker 1: of dopamine release that it triggered, UM, and now everything's

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Speaker 1: just horrid and black. And again, this can start in

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Speaker 1: just a few hours, depending on how many times you've

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Speaker 1: shot Heroin, how much of a dependence you've developed, how

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Speaker 1: much tolerance you've developed, and all these factors come together

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Speaker 1: to determine just how bad your withdrawal symptoms are. Yes, uh,

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Speaker 1: you know, most movies glamorized Heroin for a little while,

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Speaker 1: but then we'll also show the dark side, like you said,

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Speaker 1: and usually will include a kicking Heroin scene. Yeah, very famously,

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Speaker 1: very famously in Train Spotting when he rattles off that

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Speaker 1: list when he locks himself in his apartment, you and

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Speaker 1: McGregor enlists out all the things that he needs to

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Speaker 1: successfully kick What is the very funny I just pulled

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Speaker 1: it up here music, tomato soup, tint indigo mushroom soup,

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Speaker 1: eight tins of a consumption cold ice cream, vanilla, one

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Speaker 1: large tub of magnesia milk, one bottle pharmacs, uh paracetamal, mouthwash, vitamins,

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Speaker 1: mineral water, lucas aid, pornography, one mattress, one bucket for urine,

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Speaker 1: one for feces, and one for vomitus. Yes, supposedly, after

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Speaker 1: a while, the withdrawal gets so bad that you just

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Speaker 1: can't get out of bed to to poop or pee

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Speaker 1: or vomit, but you're still going to vomit and poop

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Speaker 1: um withdrawal symptoms kicking, terrible diarrhea, terrible vomiting UM. And

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Speaker 1: it's the thing is is the withdrawal is almost never fatal,

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Speaker 1: but it can be fatal. And it's not from the

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Speaker 1: withdrawal symptoms themselves, it's secondary to it. Like you're vomiting

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Speaker 1: and peeing and um pooping so much that you can

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Speaker 1: become dehydrated, your electrolite balances can go off, and you

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Speaker 1: can die of heart failure because the electrical impulses in

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Speaker 1: your heart are no longer functioning correctly. But if you

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Speaker 1: know what you're doing, um and you especially do it

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Speaker 1: under medical supervision, you can have a far easier and

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Speaker 1: and um much less life threatening experience of kicking heroin.

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Speaker 1: The good news is this, even if you are the

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Speaker 1: the person who is most addicted to heroin in the

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Speaker 1: world right now, if you decided to kick it, you

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Speaker 1: have four to five or six really bad days ahead

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Speaker 1: of you before you're free of your heroin addiction. It's

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Speaker 1: that simple. Any heroin, Um, I want to keep saying

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Speaker 1: heroin addict, We definitely don't say that anymore. But any

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Speaker 1: person addicted to heroin walking around today, Chuck is just

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Speaker 1: a week away from being free of heroin. It's just

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Speaker 1: that that would be the worst week of their entire lives.

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Speaker 1: But they can do it. Every single one of them

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Speaker 1: can do it. An entire physicians practices and um convalescent

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Speaker 1: centers and rehabs have been set up to medically assist

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Speaker 1: in making the withdrawal process, you know, easier and safer,

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Speaker 1: so that it does increase the chance that they're not

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Speaker 1: gonna be like, forget this, I just need some heroin.

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Speaker 1: Everything will be fine again. Yeah, and um, you know

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Speaker 1: you're probably gonna get if you're under medical supervision. Some

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Speaker 1: sort of sedative or a drug that memics heroin. Um,

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Speaker 1: most commonly, I think methodone. Yeah, it's like subox zone now,

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Speaker 1: which is, yeah, it really binds tightly to your pioid receptors,

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Speaker 1: so it blocks heroin when you're doing it. Um, so

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Speaker 1: you become less and less dependent on heroin. And then

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Speaker 1: the subak zone is just much less addictive or habit form.

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Speaker 1: And because it's just much less potent, so you can

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Speaker 1: get off of the subok zone after you're off of

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Speaker 1: the heroine. So why heroin makes you feel so good? Um? People,

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Speaker 1: you know, we don't fully understand the brain chemistry, um

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Speaker 1: of exactly how that works. But uh, we do know

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Speaker 1: that the chemicals, you know, once it gets in your brain,

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Speaker 1: the brain breaks it down into other chemicals, and those

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Speaker 1: chemicals um sort of just closed down the things that

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Speaker 1: normally regulate your dopamine. And so your brain makes a

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Speaker 1: bunch of dopamine right right, So you've got a bunch

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Speaker 1: of dopamine going. But it also affects other parts of

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Speaker 1: your brain too, to where say, um, you're basically imagine

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Speaker 1: your brain chemistry normally is that in this nice kind

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Speaker 1: of harmony? And then heroin comes in and just totally

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Speaker 1: over whelms it with a tidal wave of a dopamine. Well,

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Speaker 1: your brain says, oh jeez, well, I need to to

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Speaker 1: up all of the production of all these other um

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Speaker 1: neurochemicals so that I reach homeostasis again, so that jack's

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Speaker 1: all the levels up. UM. And then when the heroine

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Speaker 1: dies back UM, because your dose is wearing off, your

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Speaker 1: dopamine levels drop, but then all these other levels are

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Speaker 1: still up, and all of a sudden, it's like your

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Speaker 1: brain is screaming in a in a crowded room where

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Speaker 1: everybody just stops talking, and it's just your brain screaming

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Speaker 1: now right, or like the music cuts off in your

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Speaker 1: brain was trying to talk loud over the music. It's

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Speaker 1: very much like that. And so some of these other

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Speaker 1: chemicals can produce some really unpleasant sensations. And the upshot

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Speaker 1: of it is that that dopamine, the one thing that's

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Speaker 1: making you feel really really good, is the one thing

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Speaker 1: that's truly lacking then because your brain isn't making it

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Speaker 1: naturally UM, it's making all this other stuff that makes

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Speaker 1: you feel quite uncomfortable, uh, in much higher amounts. And

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Speaker 1: that's that's when you say, I need some more heroin.

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Speaker 1: And the other thing is this, as your brain starts

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Speaker 1: making more and more and more of these other neurochemicals,

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Speaker 1: you need more and more and more heroin to release

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Speaker 1: increasing increasingly larger amounts of dopamine just to get to normal.

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Speaker 1: That's what they mean when they say, just to get

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Speaker 1: to normal, I have to do this much heroin, and

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Speaker 1: then I have to do even more to get high. Um.

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Speaker 1: And that is what's called tolerance. And the more tolerance

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Speaker 1: you have, the worshier withdrawal symptoms are going to be.

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Speaker 1: Because that means when you stop with the heroine, the

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Speaker 1: levels of everything else are really really high, and the

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Speaker 1: dopamine is way back down in the basement. Um. And

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Speaker 1: that's that's basically heroin in a nutshell. Yeah, And you

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Speaker 1: know tolerance. There's tolerance for every drug in the world, uh, cigarettes, alcohol, marijuana, cocaine, everything,

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Speaker 1: but um, it feels like heroine's. Um. It's just such

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Speaker 1: a dangerous game you're playing there with the tolerance levels

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Speaker 1: and then getting off and getting back on or more

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Speaker 1: so a little, probably more so than other drugs even

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Speaker 1: and then the well, the other thing that makes it

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Speaker 1: dangerous too is again, withdrawal itself is very rarely fatal,

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Speaker 1: especially when it's assystematically. But um heroin itself is extraordinarily

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Speaker 1: dangerous too, because one of the big effects that it

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Speaker 1: has on your body is lowered respiration, so you aren't

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Speaker 1: taking very deep breaths any longer. You can actually die

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Speaker 1: of like carbon monoxide poisoning because you're not exhaling enough

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Speaker 1: carbon monoxides or you're not getting in enough oxygen and

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Speaker 1: you basically just stop breathing, or you die of hypoxia

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Speaker 1: because you're the heroin overwhelmed your ability to breathe. Basically,

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Speaker 1: when you've done too much, when you've done a fatal dose. Wow. Yeah, alright,

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Speaker 1: let's take a break and we will talk about the

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Speaker 1: super interesting history of heroin right after this. Okay, okay, so, uh,

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Speaker 1: you know we've I think everyone sort of knows that

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Speaker 1: heroin to sort of big facts about heroin that are

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Speaker 1: super interesting that everyone always says is that heroin is

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Speaker 1: a brand name or a trade name, and that heroin

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Speaker 1: used to be readily prescribed kind of like cocaine was,

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Speaker 1: uh in this case for for pain is a pain medication.

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Speaker 1: And we're talking about the opium poppy plant, the pep

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Speaker 1: haber somna faron And since ancient Egypt is like at

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Speaker 1: least people have been used sing this to treat pain,

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Speaker 1: this narcotic to treat pain. Yeah. Well, so if we

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Speaker 1: had just held with opium, I mean, it's you know,

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Speaker 1: being an addicted to opium is bad enough, but the

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Speaker 1: world would definitely be a much different place if we

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Speaker 1: just stayed with opium, just kept it natural, you know

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Speaker 1: what I'm saying. But no, no, that's how we do.

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Speaker 1: We figure out ways to make things even more robust

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Speaker 1: and more amazing. And so I think in uh, oh,

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Speaker 1: I'm not sure exactly when, but in the eighteen hundreds,

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Speaker 1: definitely before the eighteen sixties, the German chemical company merk

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Speaker 1: Uh isolated morphine from opium, so you didn't need all

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Speaker 1: the other stuff anymore. You just head straight up morphine.

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Speaker 1: And this was good and in one respect, like we

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Speaker 1: now had a genuinely powerful anesthetic, analgesic to where when

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Speaker 1: somebody was in a great deal of pain, say having

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Speaker 1: their leg amputated in a field hospital during the Civil War,

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Speaker 1: you could give them morphine and they wouldn't suffer as much.

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Speaker 1: So in that respect, it was really good. The problem

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Speaker 1: is we didn't understand addiction anywhere near like we do today.

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Speaker 1: And so a lot of those people who got morphine

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Speaker 1: when their leg was amputated came back from the war like,

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Speaker 1: where can I get some more morphine? I could really

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Speaker 1: use some right now, And morphine addiction became really pronounced

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Speaker 1: by you know, the eighteen seventies eighteen eighties in the

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Speaker 1: United States. Yeah, And there were a couple of big

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Speaker 1: years after this. Big big events happened in eighteen seventy

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Speaker 1: four and eight. In eighteen seventy four, there was a

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Speaker 1: chemist name C. R. Older, right, and he wanted to

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Speaker 1: transform morphine into something that wasn't as addictive. So he

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Speaker 1: tried this process where he um it was called acetylation,

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Speaker 1: where he basically tried to cause it to react with

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Speaker 1: an acid to change the composition of it to make

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Speaker 1: it less addictive. He created diocetyl morphine, which is heroin,

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Speaker 1: and he gave some to his dog, as you do.

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Speaker 1: And his dog did not fair too well, did not die,

352
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Speaker 1: but almost did. He stole a stereo later and he said,

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Speaker 1: you know what, Uh, this stuff is dangerous. I'm gonna

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Speaker 1: put it away. I'm gonna publish this paper. No one

355
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Speaker 1: really paid much attention to this paper until a man

356
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Speaker 1: named Einrich Dresser in for the Bear company, picked up

357
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Speaker 1: this paper and said, let me pick up where he

358
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Speaker 1: left off. Yeah, and he did and he can't he

359
00:22:33,480 --> 00:22:39,640
Speaker 1: He basically recreated that um dia morphine concoction and heroin

360
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Speaker 1: was born. He gave it to some test subjects. One

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Speaker 1: of them said that it made him feel heroich. Is

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Speaker 1: that how you would say it? Yeah? Hero ish h

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00:22:48,960 --> 00:22:53,040
Speaker 1: g r O I almost there s h. Yeah. These

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Speaker 1: are Germans we're talking about here, so they love the

365
00:22:55,280 --> 00:22:59,560
Speaker 1: sh sound for sure. But but because um, I think

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Speaker 1: one thing we left off is not only does heroin

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Speaker 1: get you high, it also boost your confidence tremendously as well.

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Speaker 1: And that's what that guy was describing. He felt high,

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Speaker 1: he felt confident, and he described it as heroic. And

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Speaker 1: so that's where the trade name heroin came from. Was

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Speaker 1: um from Dresser basically saying, that's that's a great name

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Speaker 1: for this. Uh So I'm gonna call it heroin and

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Speaker 1: we will cure the world's morphine addicts of their morphine addiction.

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Speaker 1: And funny enough, they did. Because everybody's like heroin is

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Speaker 1: a great way to treat morphine addiction. The problem is

376
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Speaker 1: is once they kicked morphine, they were super duper addicted

377
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Speaker 1: to heroin and they were even worse off than they

378
00:23:35,640 --> 00:23:39,440
Speaker 1: have been before. Yeah, it's funny the word heroin. It's

379
00:23:39,480 --> 00:23:42,359
Speaker 1: so so commonplace now you don't really think about it

380
00:23:42,400 --> 00:23:45,280
Speaker 1: being a trade name, but it totally sounds like a

381
00:23:45,320 --> 00:23:47,920
Speaker 1: trade name when you think about other drugs at the time,

382
00:23:48,840 --> 00:23:52,360
Speaker 1: Like it sounds like a modern sort of pharmaceutical and well,

383
00:23:52,400 --> 00:23:55,879
Speaker 1: actually these days those names are just terrible. Like Dr

384
00:23:55,920 --> 00:23:58,600
Speaker 1: pinkel Whites feel Good oil was next to it on

385
00:23:58,600 --> 00:24:02,200
Speaker 1: the shelf, you know. Yeah, but now like pharmaceutical drug

386
00:24:02,320 --> 00:24:05,480
Speaker 1: names or they all try and work in uh well,

387
00:24:05,520 --> 00:24:07,080
Speaker 1: I guess they did that with heroin because it makes

388
00:24:07,119 --> 00:24:09,760
Speaker 1: you feel heroic, but they try and work in how

389
00:24:09,800 --> 00:24:12,920
Speaker 1: great it makes you feel into the name itself, Like, well,

390
00:24:12,920 --> 00:24:15,639
Speaker 1: I don't know if I should name check anybody. I

391
00:24:15,640 --> 00:24:17,800
Speaker 1: can think of a few on the top of my head. Yeah,

392
00:24:17,800 --> 00:24:19,840
Speaker 1: And they're like they all have to work the letter

393
00:24:20,119 --> 00:24:22,440
Speaker 1: X in. If X isn't in there, it's not gonna sell.

394
00:24:22,600 --> 00:24:25,480
Speaker 1: That's like the mantra of the pharmaceutical And it's really

395
00:24:25,760 --> 00:24:28,320
Speaker 1: manipulative when you think about it, it's the dad they

396
00:24:28,320 --> 00:24:33,280
Speaker 1: teach you how to pronounce it to your doctor. So, um,

397
00:24:33,320 --> 00:24:36,840
Speaker 1: they did these human trials of heroin, which were about

398
00:24:36,840 --> 00:24:41,520
Speaker 1: four weeks long of getting heroin as a patient. If

399
00:24:41,560 --> 00:24:44,080
Speaker 1: you had a cough or a sore throat, you felt

400
00:24:44,080 --> 00:24:48,960
Speaker 1: pretty great obviously. Um. Can you imagine just going and

401
00:24:49,000 --> 00:24:53,760
Speaker 1: getting like some heroin laws for a sore throat? Yeah?

402
00:24:54,119 --> 00:24:57,840
Speaker 1: I wonder if those still exist anywhere. I'm probably not.

403
00:24:57,920 --> 00:25:01,280
Speaker 1: I'm sure that everybody took them. I bet you there's, like,

404
00:25:01,440 --> 00:25:04,920
Speaker 1: you know, buried in some attic drawer somewhere. Somebody's got

405
00:25:04,920 --> 00:25:09,040
Speaker 1: some heroin lossages from back then. So uh, bear said

406
00:25:09,080 --> 00:25:12,320
Speaker 1: the drug is safe. Um, it's non habit forming. Will

407
00:25:12,359 --> 00:25:16,320
Speaker 1: even put that on the label. And here's the downside

408
00:25:16,560 --> 00:25:19,679
Speaker 1: is these analgesic effects last a few hours. So if

409
00:25:19,720 --> 00:25:21,639
Speaker 1: you've got if you're sick and you've got a coffin

410
00:25:22,560 --> 00:25:25,840
Speaker 1: sore throat, Um, you're you're gonna be taking this stuff

411
00:25:26,320 --> 00:25:28,080
Speaker 1: like four or five times a day for a couple

412
00:25:28,080 --> 00:25:29,720
Speaker 1: of weeks because it makes you feel good every time

413
00:25:29,720 --> 00:25:31,600
Speaker 1: you take it a few hours later it wears off.

414
00:25:31,640 --> 00:25:34,040
Speaker 1: You take some more, and before you know it you're

415
00:25:34,040 --> 00:25:37,520
Speaker 1: addicted to heroin, right, I mean there's probably no drug

416
00:25:37,560 --> 00:25:40,159
Speaker 1: in the world where you do it just once and

417
00:25:40,240 --> 00:25:46,159
Speaker 1: you're automatically physically addicted or dependent on it, right, is

418
00:25:46,240 --> 00:25:48,160
Speaker 1: do people claim that to be true? Oh? Yeah, they

419
00:25:48,160 --> 00:25:51,440
Speaker 1: claimed about acid for goodness sake, like they like, yes,

420
00:25:51,520 --> 00:25:53,399
Speaker 1: they say that about every single drug, Which is the

421
00:25:53,400 --> 00:25:57,280
Speaker 1: problem because if you are a brave soul and you say, well,

422
00:25:57,320 --> 00:25:59,280
Speaker 1: it probably won't happen to me, and I'll see, I'll

423
00:25:59,280 --> 00:26:01,919
Speaker 1: see what it's like, and then you try it and

424
00:26:01,960 --> 00:26:03,959
Speaker 1: you find you're not addicted, you're like, oh, well they

425
00:26:03,960 --> 00:26:07,000
Speaker 1: were lying, I'll just go do some more. But if

426
00:26:07,000 --> 00:26:09,440
Speaker 1: you say something like you're probably not going to get

427
00:26:09,440 --> 00:26:12,440
Speaker 1: addicted the first time, but with a drug like heroin

428
00:26:12,520 --> 00:26:15,800
Speaker 1: in particular, you're really playing with fire every time you

429
00:26:15,880 --> 00:26:18,520
Speaker 1: do it, because you come that much closer to to

430
00:26:18,800 --> 00:26:22,640
Speaker 1: being likely to be addicted to it. Um, I think

431
00:26:22,680 --> 00:26:25,639
Speaker 1: it would make somebody maybe think twice before trying it

432
00:26:25,720 --> 00:26:28,200
Speaker 1: even that first time, rather than just trying to scare

433
00:26:28,240 --> 00:26:31,840
Speaker 1: them off like, um, you know, no, you're gonna be

434
00:26:31,920 --> 00:26:34,960
Speaker 1: addicted immediately and you're going to kill your parents kind

435
00:26:34,960 --> 00:26:38,600
Speaker 1: of thing, you know. Yeah, yeah, totally, totally don't don't

436
00:26:38,640 --> 00:26:43,560
Speaker 1: lie to people. So uh, the next decade kind of

437
00:26:43,600 --> 00:26:48,919
Speaker 1: comes and goes heroin. It becomes more obvious that it

438
00:26:48,960 --> 00:26:52,399
Speaker 1: was dangerous and that it was addictive. Bear continued selling

439
00:26:52,440 --> 00:26:56,840
Speaker 1: it um until about nineteen thirteen, UM, but as early

440
00:26:56,880 --> 00:26:59,600
Speaker 1: as nineteen o six that was something called the Council

441
00:26:59,640 --> 00:27:03,120
Speaker 1: of Farm Recy, UH, Pharmacy and Chemistry of the American

442
00:27:03,160 --> 00:27:06,920
Speaker 1: Metal Medical Association, and it had there were warnings saying

443
00:27:06,960 --> 00:27:11,520
Speaker 1: like hey, heroin can get really addictive. Uh. In nineteen

444
00:27:11,560 --> 00:27:14,280
Speaker 1: o nine, and this is the full seven years before

445
00:27:14,280 --> 00:27:17,320
Speaker 1: Bear quit selling it um nineteen o six, and then

446
00:27:17,320 --> 00:27:20,679
Speaker 1: in nineteen o nine, Uh, there were people the lawmakers

447
00:27:20,720 --> 00:27:25,639
Speaker 1: met in Shanghai with some doctors for the International Opian Commission,

448
00:27:26,320 --> 00:27:28,199
Speaker 1: which I'm sure it was quite a party. Oh, it

449
00:27:28,320 --> 00:27:30,720
Speaker 1: was a ranger, and they said that you know what,

450
00:27:30,840 --> 00:27:35,959
Speaker 1: opium and all these drugs related to opium are really dangerous.

451
00:27:35,960 --> 00:27:39,119
Speaker 1: They're prone to abuse, and it's up to all of

452
00:27:39,160 --> 00:27:43,680
Speaker 1: you countries to regulate this via the International Opium Convention

453
00:27:43,720 --> 00:27:46,040
Speaker 1: at the Hague in nineteen twelve. But it's up to

454
00:27:46,080 --> 00:27:48,240
Speaker 1: you how you want to do this in your country. Yeah.

455
00:27:48,359 --> 00:27:52,480
Speaker 1: It was opium and coca leaves and their derivatives and salts,

456
00:27:52,600 --> 00:27:55,840
Speaker 1: I think is how they put it. And they basically said, there, yeah,

457
00:27:56,000 --> 00:27:58,480
Speaker 1: there's some real problems coming from these and we need

458
00:27:58,480 --> 00:28:00,600
Speaker 1: to we need to do something about it. Go figure

459
00:28:00,600 --> 00:28:03,000
Speaker 1: out how to do it. And so the United States said, oh,

460
00:28:03,040 --> 00:28:05,919
Speaker 1: we've got this covered. We're gonna pass the Harrison Narcotics

461
00:28:06,000 --> 00:28:08,720
Speaker 1: Tax Act, which is now these days just called the

462
00:28:08,760 --> 00:28:12,000
Speaker 1: Harrison Act, and it basically established the War on drugs

463
00:28:12,080 --> 00:28:16,200
Speaker 1: as we understand it today. Way back in nur UM,

464
00:28:16,240 --> 00:28:20,600
Speaker 1: do you remember our CIA dosing LSD Unsuspecting Americans with

465
00:28:20,760 --> 00:28:24,000
Speaker 1: LSD episode one of the best. Do you remember George White,

466
00:28:24,040 --> 00:28:27,200
Speaker 1: like the guy who was actually running like the the experiments.

467
00:28:27,600 --> 00:28:31,840
Speaker 1: He was one of those early UM drug agents, narcotics

468
00:28:31,880 --> 00:28:36,840
Speaker 1: agents who was you know, beating up addicts because of

469
00:28:36,880 --> 00:28:40,400
Speaker 1: the Harrison Act basically gave him the permission to um.

470
00:28:40,400 --> 00:28:42,280
Speaker 1: And one of the things about the Harrison Act that

471
00:28:42,320 --> 00:28:45,880
Speaker 1: was so insidious, aside from the fact that the the

472
00:28:46,200 --> 00:28:50,880
Speaker 1: it kind of promoted this whole UM, this air of propaganda,

473
00:28:50,960 --> 00:28:53,800
Speaker 1: like lying to people like, you know, telling people that

474
00:28:53,840 --> 00:28:56,360
Speaker 1: if you're if your wife tries hero when she's gonna

475
00:28:56,440 --> 00:28:59,200
Speaker 1: run off with the UM. You know, a black guy

476
00:28:59,360 --> 00:29:01,400
Speaker 1: or something like like that. Kind of that level of

477
00:29:01,440 --> 00:29:06,280
Speaker 1: propaganda of associating certain groups with certain drugs to scare

478
00:29:06,360 --> 00:29:11,400
Speaker 1: other people from taking those drugs, just horrific stuff that. Um.

479
00:29:11,480 --> 00:29:18,960
Speaker 1: It also said almost explicitly, addiction is not a disease,

480
00:29:19,640 --> 00:29:23,640
Speaker 1: So you can no longer use these drugs to help

481
00:29:23,680 --> 00:29:27,480
Speaker 1: somebody kick these drugs. So doctors started going to prison

482
00:29:27,520 --> 00:29:31,400
Speaker 1: like trying to help people kick heroin by giving them

483
00:29:31,440 --> 00:29:34,800
Speaker 1: like a heroine regimen to to help them ease off

484
00:29:34,840 --> 00:29:37,240
Speaker 1: of it. You would land in prison for that kind

485
00:29:37,240 --> 00:29:40,560
Speaker 1: of thing, and doctors did get thrown in prison for it. Yeah,

486
00:29:40,600 --> 00:29:42,160
Speaker 1: and Ed made a really good point here, one that

487
00:29:42,200 --> 00:29:44,800
Speaker 1: I had never considered. Um. Something else about the Harrison

488
00:29:44,880 --> 00:29:47,120
Speaker 1: Act is you tend to think of like the old

489
00:29:47,200 --> 00:29:51,440
Speaker 1: days as being super conservative about things like drug use.

490
00:29:52,280 --> 00:29:56,120
Speaker 1: But before they were made illegal, the drugs were still there,

491
00:29:56,440 --> 00:29:59,120
Speaker 1: and drug people that were addicted to these drugs were

492
00:29:59,160 --> 00:30:02,600
Speaker 1: still there, but there wasn't the same stigma. They were

493
00:30:02,640 --> 00:30:06,080
Speaker 1: sort of, I mean, they were outcasts of society, but

494
00:30:06,160 --> 00:30:08,920
Speaker 1: they weren't criminals yet. They were people that still needed

495
00:30:08,960 --> 00:30:12,920
Speaker 1: help and that you could rehabilitate. Um And there was

496
00:30:12,960 --> 00:30:16,920
Speaker 1: I think some more compassion even but Harrison that comes along,

497
00:30:17,440 --> 00:30:19,760
Speaker 1: and all of a sudden, you're a criminal. Uh, And

498
00:30:19,840 --> 00:30:22,320
Speaker 1: the only way to get these drugs is and keep

499
00:30:22,360 --> 00:30:24,400
Speaker 1: doing these drugs that you're addicted to, is by being

500
00:30:24,400 --> 00:30:29,160
Speaker 1: a criminal. And that created almost it almost created the

501
00:30:29,280 --> 00:30:34,160
Speaker 1: system that we're with today. Uh, this this war on drugs,

502
00:30:34,160 --> 00:30:38,720
Speaker 1: which is has shown to not work. Right. It definitely did,

503
00:30:38,760 --> 00:30:43,120
Speaker 1: and that it's there are some reasons why heroin in

504
00:30:43,160 --> 00:30:47,680
Speaker 1: particular will always be really hard to eradicate and why

505
00:30:47,800 --> 00:30:50,400
Speaker 1: the Harrison Act was kind of wrong headed. It set

506
00:30:50,440 --> 00:30:54,080
Speaker 1: everything out on the wrong foot. Was this idea that

507
00:30:54,560 --> 00:30:58,040
Speaker 1: if you can just punish people into not using heroin

508
00:30:58,120 --> 00:31:00,680
Speaker 1: any longer. Yeah, you can't do that. You can't, And

509
00:31:00,680 --> 00:31:03,320
Speaker 1: there's some reasons why you can't do that, because as

510
00:31:03,400 --> 00:31:06,120
Speaker 1: long as heroin is around, they're going to be people

511
00:31:06,240 --> 00:31:09,640
Speaker 1: who become addicted to heroin and who are addicted to heroin.

512
00:31:09,920 --> 00:31:12,320
Speaker 1: And then if you couple that with the idea that

513
00:31:13,040 --> 00:31:15,720
Speaker 1: addiction is not a disease, so you should not get

514
00:31:15,720 --> 00:31:17,880
Speaker 1: any kind of medical treatment for it, and we're actually

515
00:31:17,920 --> 00:31:21,120
Speaker 1: going to arrest doctors who try. Then all you've just

516
00:31:21,160 --> 00:31:25,440
Speaker 1: done is create like a huge legal and moral quagmire

517
00:31:25,560 --> 00:31:28,000
Speaker 1: for your society. But that's what it did. But there

518
00:31:28,000 --> 00:31:30,760
Speaker 1: are some reasons why heroin will probably always stick around,

519
00:31:31,520 --> 00:31:36,040
Speaker 1: and that is, first of all, it's very easy to make, right. Yeah,

520
00:31:36,080 --> 00:31:38,680
Speaker 1: I mean you're sort of in a I mean it's

521
00:31:38,720 --> 00:31:40,720
Speaker 1: like with most drugs, you're in a lose lose situation

522
00:31:40,760 --> 00:31:44,480
Speaker 1: if you're trying to eradicate it because you can't start

523
00:31:44,520 --> 00:31:47,000
Speaker 1: at the user end that has shown to not work,

524
00:31:47,280 --> 00:31:50,320
Speaker 1: like you said. And in the case of most drugs,

525
00:31:50,320 --> 00:31:53,840
Speaker 1: you can't start at the processing end either, because like

526
00:31:53,920 --> 00:31:57,600
Speaker 1: you said, it's easy to make. Um, it's it's just

527
00:31:57,720 --> 00:32:01,160
Speaker 1: a chemical process at work. It doesn't rek wire super

528
00:32:01,160 --> 00:32:05,000
Speaker 1: expensive equipment. UM. That's why if you get busted, you

529
00:32:05,000 --> 00:32:07,640
Speaker 1: can either just ditch your equipment or pack it up

530
00:32:07,640 --> 00:32:12,240
Speaker 1: pretty quickly and take it with you. Um. It is Uh,

531
00:32:12,280 --> 00:32:15,720
Speaker 1: it's just difficult to disrupt the process of actually making

532
00:32:16,120 --> 00:32:19,280
Speaker 1: the heroine. Yeah. Basically, if you could set up a

533
00:32:19,400 --> 00:32:23,520
Speaker 1: still for whiskey out in the woods, you could probably

534
00:32:23,600 --> 00:32:27,880
Speaker 1: make a heroin UM processing operation. The thing is, if

535
00:32:27,920 --> 00:32:30,440
Speaker 1: you're in like the Smoky mountains or something like that,

536
00:32:30,960 --> 00:32:34,400
Speaker 1: you might set up your heroine processing operation then go, well, wait,

537
00:32:34,440 --> 00:32:37,240
Speaker 1: I need some opium poppies. Those are kind of hard

538
00:32:37,280 --> 00:32:39,680
Speaker 1: to come by in the Smokies, And you're right, it's

539
00:32:39,800 --> 00:32:42,720
Speaker 1: very hard to find opium poppies in the United States.

540
00:32:42,760 --> 00:32:45,080
Speaker 1: That's one thing that the United States government and law

541
00:32:45,200 --> 00:32:51,240
Speaker 1: enforcement has done, has basically eradicated opium producing poppy plants

542
00:32:51,560 --> 00:32:55,280
Speaker 1: from the United States, except on the TV show Ozark.

543
00:32:55,960 --> 00:32:58,000
Speaker 1: But I haven't gotten to the point yet to be quiet.

544
00:32:59,120 --> 00:33:02,160
Speaker 1: But really now I haven't. The point is because I

545
00:33:02,280 --> 00:33:05,320
Speaker 1: ended up going on starting better call Saul, and now

546
00:33:05,360 --> 00:33:09,360
Speaker 1: I'm super into that got you, um. But the problem

547
00:33:09,360 --> 00:33:12,080
Speaker 1: with that is that yes we are. We kept it

548
00:33:12,080 --> 00:33:15,320
Speaker 1: out of the United States. It's not here, but pop

549
00:33:15,560 --> 00:33:18,680
Speaker 1: poppies grow really well just about everywhere. And as long

550
00:33:18,680 --> 00:33:22,400
Speaker 1: as you have a country where officials who are supposed

551
00:33:22,400 --> 00:33:25,200
Speaker 1: to be watching whether people are cultivating poppies or not

552
00:33:25,480 --> 00:33:29,280
Speaker 1: can be bribed um poor people who can be forced

553
00:33:29,280 --> 00:33:32,240
Speaker 1: into cultivating poppies, or farmers who can be bought off

554
00:33:32,280 --> 00:33:36,120
Speaker 1: to to cultivate poppies. Poppies are going to grow, and

555
00:33:36,200 --> 00:33:39,640
Speaker 1: over time they have been eradicated from one place or another,

556
00:33:39,920 --> 00:33:42,320
Speaker 1: but then they just kind of pop up somewhere somewhere

557
00:33:42,400 --> 00:33:44,520
Speaker 1: else around the world, and that part of the world

558
00:33:44,600 --> 00:33:50,200
Speaker 1: becomes the global supplier of opium for heroin processing. Yeah.

559
00:33:50,280 --> 00:33:52,960
Speaker 1: I mean for most of the nineteenth century, China was

560
00:33:53,000 --> 00:33:57,280
Speaker 1: the big leader and opium exports along with India. And

561
00:33:57,320 --> 00:34:00,040
Speaker 1: then World War Two comes along the drug train. It

562
00:34:00,200 --> 00:34:04,080
Speaker 1: kind of shuts down because shipping is just super restricted. Uh.

563
00:34:04,160 --> 00:34:07,080
Speaker 1: Communist Party takes over in China and they said no, no, no,

564
00:34:07,120 --> 00:34:09,799
Speaker 1: we're not gonna We're not gonna do this anymore, and

565
00:34:09,960 --> 00:34:12,120
Speaker 1: they kind of stopped. It was really effective in China

566
00:34:12,600 --> 00:34:16,560
Speaker 1: isn't a big opium supplier ever since then. But then

567
00:34:16,600 --> 00:34:19,720
Speaker 1: it moved to what's called the Golden Triangle, which is Laos,

568
00:34:20,360 --> 00:34:24,479
Speaker 1: Minimar and Thailand UM as well as Golden Crescent, which

569
00:34:24,520 --> 00:34:28,080
Speaker 1: is different parts of the Middle East, but mainly if

570
00:34:28,080 --> 00:34:31,640
Speaker 1: we're talking opium production, we're talking about Afghanistan. Yeah, And

571
00:34:31,640 --> 00:34:34,520
Speaker 1: when the United States invaded Afghanistan, like one of the

572
00:34:34,600 --> 00:34:38,880
Speaker 1: one of the sidelines that was doing was destroying opium

573
00:34:39,800 --> 00:34:43,120
Speaker 1: opium fields and I guess it worked for a little while,

574
00:34:43,160 --> 00:34:46,520
Speaker 1: but not really like we were carrying out drone strikes

575
00:34:46,560 --> 00:34:51,480
Speaker 1: on UM heroin processing facilities and basically did nothing to

576
00:34:51,560 --> 00:34:56,000
Speaker 1: disrupt the heroin trade. And then as fewer and fewer

577
00:34:56,120 --> 00:35:02,040
Speaker 1: US troops were in Afghanistan, the heroin just came back.

578
00:35:02,080 --> 00:35:05,440
Speaker 1: Opium poppies came back in, heroin processing came back, and

579
00:35:05,560 --> 00:35:09,120
Speaker 1: even more than the United States military was effective, the

580
00:35:09,120 --> 00:35:13,000
Speaker 1: Taliban had been more effective before the United States went

581
00:35:13,000 --> 00:35:18,640
Speaker 1: into Afghanistan. When the Taliban basically ruled Afghanistan, Um, there

582
00:35:18,719 --> 00:35:21,760
Speaker 1: was very little opium production going on, and it actually

583
00:35:21,800 --> 00:35:24,400
Speaker 1: increased whether you the United States was there. And then

584
00:35:24,440 --> 00:35:28,400
Speaker 1: after the United States basically left Afghanistan, when the Taliban

585
00:35:28,520 --> 00:35:33,600
Speaker 1: came back, they were it was like Taliban free and easy.

586
00:35:33,680 --> 00:35:38,080
Speaker 1: They started looking the other way on opium production and exactly.

587
00:35:38,560 --> 00:35:41,160
Speaker 1: So that's another thing that's actually used kind of frequently,

588
00:35:41,200 --> 00:35:44,480
Speaker 1: like where if you are buying heroin, you were probably

589
00:35:45,200 --> 00:35:49,400
Speaker 1: funding a terrorist group. It sounds ridiculous and made up,

590
00:35:49,440 --> 00:35:52,359
Speaker 1: but it's actually probably true depending on where you are

591
00:35:52,360 --> 00:35:55,680
Speaker 1: in the world. Um, if you're in the United States,

592
00:35:55,680 --> 00:35:59,799
Speaker 1: you're probably funding a vicious drug cartel because most of

593
00:35:59,840 --> 00:36:04,040
Speaker 1: the the opium that makes its way as heroin into

594
00:36:04,080 --> 00:36:07,600
Speaker 1: the US comes from Mexico and Colombia, which I didn't

595
00:36:07,880 --> 00:36:11,440
Speaker 1: right Yeah, and the other of the global heroin supply

596
00:36:11,560 --> 00:36:15,400
Speaker 1: is coming from Afghanistan right now. But like we said,

597
00:36:15,440 --> 00:36:18,799
Speaker 1: you know, you you squash it in one area, it's

598
00:36:18,800 --> 00:36:22,279
Speaker 1: gonna pop up in another. It's um, it's it's very

599
00:36:22,280 --> 00:36:26,440
Speaker 1: simple supply and demand, and it's never gonna change. Uh. Ed.

600
00:36:26,640 --> 00:36:30,400
Speaker 1: In fact, this is he should totally trademark this line.

601
00:36:30,960 --> 00:36:32,680
Speaker 1: He said, a war on drugs, it's like a war

602
00:36:32,800 --> 00:36:35,400
Speaker 1: on water when you know what's going to rain tomorrow.

603
00:36:36,360 --> 00:36:38,399
Speaker 1: Did he make that up? I don't know. I've never

604
00:36:38,440 --> 00:36:42,120
Speaker 1: heard it before. So let's say he really crystallizes it. Yeah,

605
00:36:42,200 --> 00:36:44,799
Speaker 1: it's good writer for sure. Should we uh? Should we

606
00:36:44,800 --> 00:36:50,560
Speaker 1: take our final break here? You betch all right, We'll

607
00:36:50,600 --> 00:37:20,680
Speaker 1: be back with more heroin. Right after this, you mentioned

608
00:37:20,680 --> 00:37:26,280
Speaker 1: World War two, Chuck um, and that almost entirely shut

609
00:37:26,320 --> 00:37:31,520
Speaker 1: down because shipping was so restricted during World War Two.

610
00:37:32,000 --> 00:37:34,920
Speaker 1: Everybody was watching every ship, not just the United States,

611
00:37:35,040 --> 00:37:37,239
Speaker 1: watching stuff that was coming into the country. People were

612
00:37:37,239 --> 00:37:39,680
Speaker 1: watching it going from one place to another. It might

613
00:37:39,680 --> 00:37:42,440
Speaker 1: get torpedo. It was just really tough to smuggle things

614
00:37:42,840 --> 00:37:45,520
Speaker 1: during World World War Two. And I read that the

615
00:37:45,640 --> 00:37:48,840
Speaker 1: same thing is going on now because of the coronavirus pandemic,

616
00:37:50,000 --> 00:37:53,759
Speaker 1: because of things like shelter and place orders um or

617
00:37:53,880 --> 00:37:58,960
Speaker 1: restricted travel, that it's way way harder to smuggle or

618
00:37:59,080 --> 00:38:03,000
Speaker 1: even just ghost gore Um. Then it was before the pandemic,

619
00:38:03,239 --> 00:38:05,680
Speaker 1: and as a result, they think a heroin drought is

620
00:38:05,680 --> 00:38:08,600
Speaker 1: is coming on or has already started, and so prices

621
00:38:08,600 --> 00:38:11,920
Speaker 1: are going to rise, and probably more and more people

622
00:38:11,960 --> 00:38:16,040
Speaker 1: who were addicted to heroin before the pandemic will come

623
00:38:16,080 --> 00:38:19,080
Speaker 1: out of the pandemic not not addicted to heroin anymore,

624
00:38:19,080 --> 00:38:21,600
Speaker 1: but like they gave meth a try, and now they're

625
00:38:21,600 --> 00:38:24,560
Speaker 1: really into that. Have you ever heard the old kamal

626
00:38:24,640 --> 00:38:30,719
Speaker 1: anjiohnny bit about the Heroin plus Thailand all cold medicine. Yeah,

627
00:38:31,080 --> 00:38:33,520
Speaker 1: refreshed my memory. It's been a while. Well that was

628
00:38:33,600 --> 00:38:35,319
Speaker 1: I can't remember. I think it has a name like

629
00:38:35,360 --> 00:38:39,840
Speaker 1: a designer drug or whatever, which was basically heroin and

630
00:38:39,840 --> 00:38:43,080
Speaker 1: Thailand all cold medicine mixed. And he just says this.

631
00:38:43,239 --> 00:38:45,560
Speaker 1: It was pretty early in his comedy career when he

632
00:38:45,600 --> 00:38:47,920
Speaker 1: was just doing stand up. But he just has a

633
00:38:48,000 --> 00:38:51,080
Speaker 1: very funny bit about the fact that he you know,

634
00:38:51,120 --> 00:38:54,960
Speaker 1: you're already doing heroin, you're all and then then his

635
00:38:55,040 --> 00:38:58,440
Speaker 1: voice and everything is just so perfect, You're already doing Heroin. Yeah.

636
00:38:58,600 --> 00:39:00,600
Speaker 1: I love that guy. He's one of my favorite people

637
00:39:00,600 --> 00:39:03,399
Speaker 1: on the planet. He's great he's a big movie star now.

638
00:39:03,640 --> 00:39:05,879
Speaker 1: He is. Good for him. I'm glad for him. He's

639
00:39:06,040 --> 00:39:08,440
Speaker 1: he's a good dude. He did our one of our

640
00:39:08,520 --> 00:39:12,280
Speaker 1: variety shows at that time. He did killed It. Everybody

641
00:39:12,360 --> 00:39:15,000
Speaker 1: killed it that night if I remember correctly. Yeah, that

642
00:39:15,040 --> 00:39:16,359
Speaker 1: was a really good show. That was a lot of fun.

643
00:39:16,480 --> 00:39:21,480
Speaker 1: Josh Bierman and Nick Thune. Maybe Nick Thune performed, Uh

644
00:39:21,760 --> 00:39:25,440
Speaker 1: so did um Hampton youwt did some killer stand up,

645
00:39:25,600 --> 00:39:31,120
Speaker 1: that's right, Gianni. And we had Nate Demo did a

646
00:39:31,160 --> 00:39:35,440
Speaker 1: little Memory Palace Live too. Yep. And um, what was

647
00:39:35,560 --> 00:39:40,640
Speaker 1: the UCB group? I want to say Raw High, but

648
00:39:40,680 --> 00:39:45,720
Speaker 1: it wasn't raw Hide, it wasn't Comanche. Oh Convoy Convoy.

649
00:39:45,880 --> 00:39:48,360
Speaker 1: Did we have all of them on one stage? Yes, dude,

650
00:39:48,520 --> 00:39:53,160
Speaker 1: one night. Yeah, that was a great show. That was

651
00:39:53,200 --> 00:39:54,799
Speaker 1: a great show. They didn't even need us. We were

652
00:39:54,840 --> 00:40:01,120
Speaker 1: barely there. We launched a million careers that night. Um,

653
00:40:01,160 --> 00:40:04,000
Speaker 1: all right. So we were talking about supply and demand.

654
00:40:04,440 --> 00:40:06,640
Speaker 1: That is always going to be a problem with the

655
00:40:06,680 --> 00:40:09,680
Speaker 1: war on drugs because, like you said that, you can't

656
00:40:10,600 --> 00:40:14,160
Speaker 1: arrest people into not wanting to do drugs. This just

657
00:40:14,360 --> 00:40:16,520
Speaker 1: proven to not be a deterrent when people want to

658
00:40:16,520 --> 00:40:20,680
Speaker 1: do drugs. They're gonna find them and they're gonna do them. Um,

659
00:40:20,800 --> 00:40:23,279
Speaker 1: the supply is hard to eradicate because of all the

660
00:40:23,320 --> 00:40:27,440
Speaker 1: things we mentioned. You can't wipe out all the If

661
00:40:27,480 --> 00:40:29,600
Speaker 1: the demand is there, then they're going to find places

662
00:40:29,960 --> 00:40:33,000
Speaker 1: where the government is bribable or weak enough to plant

663
00:40:33,040 --> 00:40:37,120
Speaker 1: those poppy fields. And as long as there are desperate

664
00:40:37,160 --> 00:40:40,839
Speaker 1: people and poor people or people that are addicts, then

665
00:40:40,880 --> 00:40:43,040
Speaker 1: there will be drug mules and people that are willing

666
00:40:43,080 --> 00:40:46,719
Speaker 1: to either willing to smuggle the drugs or a cartel

667
00:40:46,840 --> 00:40:49,759
Speaker 1: who will hold your family hostage to force you to

668
00:40:49,800 --> 00:40:53,680
Speaker 1: smuggle those drugs. Can you imagine that being your reality today?

669
00:40:53,840 --> 00:40:56,759
Speaker 1: Like right now, man, Like you're running across like a

670
00:40:56,840 --> 00:40:59,480
Speaker 1: desert right now with a bunch of heroin on you

671
00:40:59,560 --> 00:41:03,359
Speaker 1: because your wife is being held hostage, your wife and kid.

672
00:41:03,880 --> 00:41:07,320
Speaker 1: Like that's happening to you right this second. That happens

673
00:41:07,360 --> 00:41:11,799
Speaker 1: to people sometimes, like it's so rare, and especially here

674
00:41:11,840 --> 00:41:14,080
Speaker 1: like in the United States, it's just like such a

675
00:41:14,120 --> 00:41:17,600
Speaker 1: remote worry that there's no reason to lose any sleep

676
00:41:17,640 --> 00:41:20,200
Speaker 1: over it for you, But don't forget about the person

677
00:41:20,239 --> 00:41:23,960
Speaker 1: that that's actually happening to right now, And like how

678
00:41:24,040 --> 00:41:27,040
Speaker 1: what what? What? They must be thinking during that run

679
00:41:27,120 --> 00:41:30,359
Speaker 1: across the desert, like how stressed out are they? Like?

680
00:41:30,400 --> 00:41:32,759
Speaker 1: What are what's going through their head? I just I

681
00:41:32,840 --> 00:41:36,359
Speaker 1: can't imagine what it would be like to actually be

682
00:41:36,400 --> 00:41:39,040
Speaker 1: in that situation. Like when I imagine it, I imagine

683
00:41:39,040 --> 00:41:42,560
Speaker 1: it as you do, like experience a movie. It's remote,

684
00:41:42,680 --> 00:41:46,440
Speaker 1: it's it's fictitious, it's it's um fantasy. These are characters.

685
00:41:46,640 --> 00:41:49,520
Speaker 1: But when when I can just get my brain just right,

686
00:41:50,680 --> 00:41:53,160
Speaker 1: it's a little bit of it floods in and it's

687
00:41:53,280 --> 00:41:59,919
Speaker 1: just overwhelming. How nuts and horrific that without experience would be. Yeah,

688
00:42:00,000 --> 00:42:02,680
Speaker 1: and I think that's something that uh well, I mean,

689
00:42:02,719 --> 00:42:04,520
Speaker 1: I think if you're if you have a problem with

690
00:42:04,560 --> 00:42:07,120
Speaker 1: drug addiction, you're not considering a lot of things, but

691
00:42:07,840 --> 00:42:11,080
Speaker 1: certainly one thing that's probably the last thing you're considering

692
00:42:11,280 --> 00:42:13,960
Speaker 1: is how it got to you, how it got to

693
00:42:14,000 --> 00:42:18,000
Speaker 1: your dealer, and the devastation that it has wreaked along

694
00:42:18,040 --> 00:42:21,120
Speaker 1: the way, you know, Right, Yeah, that's a that's absolutely true.

695
00:42:21,160 --> 00:42:23,400
Speaker 1: I think that's an excellent point for people to remember.

696
00:42:24,320 --> 00:42:27,640
Speaker 1: So Ed wrapped up this research with the something I'd

697
00:42:27,680 --> 00:42:33,640
Speaker 1: never really thought about about marijuana being a gateway drug. Um,

698
00:42:33,680 --> 00:42:35,520
Speaker 1: we've talked about that, and a lot of people scoff

699
00:42:35,560 --> 00:42:38,160
Speaker 1: at that notion, but he makes a case here that

700
00:42:38,239 --> 00:42:42,040
Speaker 1: kind of makes sense that the system with marijuana in

701
00:42:42,080 --> 00:42:47,200
Speaker 1: the nineteen forties and fifties, especially in the in urban areas,

702
00:42:47,360 --> 00:42:50,560
Speaker 1: and with with jazz clubs and jazz musicians, it kind

703
00:42:50,560 --> 00:42:53,759
Speaker 1: of set up a system where heroin could find a

704
00:42:53,800 --> 00:42:57,680
Speaker 1: pretty easy entry point. Yeah, because it was coming in

705
00:42:57,800 --> 00:43:01,440
Speaker 1: largely from in the beginning of the twentieth century up

706
00:43:01,480 --> 00:43:04,720
Speaker 1: to the first uh well, I guess the forties and fifties.

707
00:43:04,840 --> 00:43:06,680
Speaker 1: So at the beginning of the twentieth century it was

708
00:43:06,719 --> 00:43:08,520
Speaker 1: interrupted by World War Two, and then it came back

709
00:43:08,520 --> 00:43:10,480
Speaker 1: with a vengeance in the forties and fifties, and it

710
00:43:10,560 --> 00:43:15,640
Speaker 1: was being imported largely by um Asian people who didn't

711
00:43:15,640 --> 00:43:19,879
Speaker 1: know people outside of their community. So they figured out

712
00:43:19,880 --> 00:43:22,759
Speaker 1: how to connect with the jazz musicians who already had

713
00:43:23,080 --> 00:43:27,279
Speaker 1: pot friends, and the jazz musicians started turning their pop

714
00:43:27,320 --> 00:43:32,400
Speaker 1: friends on yeah, on onto heroin. And part of the

715
00:43:32,480 --> 00:43:35,479
Speaker 1: reason why heroin was able to kind of make such

716
00:43:35,760 --> 00:43:39,840
Speaker 1: entree into American culture, especially through this route, was that

717
00:43:39,880 --> 00:43:42,200
Speaker 1: all these people were not they weren't drug naive, they'd

718
00:43:42,280 --> 00:43:44,680
Speaker 1: used pot before, they smoke pot all the time. They

719
00:43:44,719 --> 00:43:47,760
Speaker 1: knew for a fact that it wasn't addictive, it didn't

720
00:43:47,760 --> 00:43:51,040
Speaker 1: turn you into a fiend like had been depicted hysterically

721
00:43:51,120 --> 00:43:55,279
Speaker 1: in this government propaganda against pot. And so all of

722
00:43:55,280 --> 00:43:58,319
Speaker 1: the warnings against heroin were probably just as full of

723
00:43:58,320 --> 00:44:00,640
Speaker 1: hot air too, and it just turns out that they

724
00:44:00,680 --> 00:44:03,680
Speaker 1: happened to be wrong this time. Yeah, and I mean,

725
00:44:03,800 --> 00:44:06,680
Speaker 1: you know, the jazz scene was rife with heroin abuse. Uh,

726
00:44:07,520 --> 00:44:12,359
Speaker 1: Miles Davis and Charlie Parker and Ray Charles. Yeah, Ray

727
00:44:12,440 --> 00:44:16,360
Speaker 1: Charles totally. It's kind of jazz. But yeah, he counts.

728
00:44:16,800 --> 00:44:21,400
Speaker 1: I remember when Philip Seymour Hoffman Um, when he died

729
00:44:22,200 --> 00:44:25,520
Speaker 1: of a fatal overdose. I know they tried to pin

730
00:44:25,600 --> 00:44:29,560
Speaker 1: it on um a jazz guy is his dealer. Oh

731
00:44:29,600 --> 00:44:33,759
Speaker 1: really Yeah, super kind of throwback thing. But even still

732
00:44:33,800 --> 00:44:36,399
Speaker 1: today they're like, yeah, jazz people can't be trusted. They

733
00:44:36,440 --> 00:44:40,480
Speaker 1: love heroin. Billie Holliday was fully addicted to heroin. It

734
00:44:40,560 --> 00:44:43,920
Speaker 1: was it was all over the jazz community. Yeah, because again,

735
00:44:43,960 --> 00:44:45,640
Speaker 1: so this is one of those things where you try once,

736
00:44:45,719 --> 00:44:47,680
Speaker 1: try twice, and all of a sudden you're doing it

737
00:44:47,719 --> 00:44:49,279
Speaker 1: a lot more and you have to do more and

738
00:44:49,280 --> 00:44:52,279
Speaker 1: more and more. And if it's all around you and

739
00:44:52,320 --> 00:44:55,240
Speaker 1: everybody seems to be having a good time despite puking

740
00:44:55,239 --> 00:45:00,640
Speaker 1: their guts out first, um, you might give it a try. Uh,

741
00:45:00,680 --> 00:45:03,680
Speaker 1: that's just super interesting. The idea that that pot was

742
00:45:03,719 --> 00:45:07,640
Speaker 1: connected as like this this gateway for America to heroin,

743
00:45:07,760 --> 00:45:11,560
Speaker 1: because there's just such worlds apart Yeah and alcohol. I mean,

744
00:45:11,600 --> 00:45:14,840
Speaker 1: if you look at the history of jazz, heroin and

745
00:45:14,920 --> 00:45:18,760
Speaker 1: cirrhosis are like two of the biggest factors and true

746
00:45:19,320 --> 00:45:23,960
Speaker 1: killing off jazz musicians, true dad interesting. One thing we

747
00:45:23,960 --> 00:45:27,359
Speaker 1: didn't really touch on, well two things. One that the

748
00:45:27,480 --> 00:45:32,360
Speaker 1: epidemic of fentanyl laced heroin, which apparently if you're buying

749
00:45:32,400 --> 00:45:34,320
Speaker 1: that on purpose it might be sold to you is

750
00:45:34,440 --> 00:45:39,840
Speaker 1: magic or budd ice o God. But fentanyl is about

751
00:45:40,600 --> 00:45:43,600
Speaker 1: fifty times stronger than heroin, so the fatal dose is

752
00:45:43,800 --> 00:45:48,719
Speaker 1: much much much lower. It takes way less to kill you.

753
00:45:49,160 --> 00:45:51,840
Speaker 1: But if you don't know that you're buying fentinyl laced heroine,

754
00:45:52,080 --> 00:45:55,920
Speaker 1: you're doing your regular dose of heroin, that fentinyl can

755
00:45:56,040 --> 00:45:58,560
Speaker 1: very easily kill you. And that happens a lot. It's

756
00:45:58,600 --> 00:46:01,719
Speaker 1: happening more and more. Uh, no idea, who's doing it?

757
00:46:01,760 --> 00:46:05,000
Speaker 1: They think it might be coming from China, but who

758
00:46:05,000 --> 00:46:07,239
Speaker 1: knows what the deal is with that. But that's one

759
00:46:07,239 --> 00:46:11,920
Speaker 1: big problem with heroin addiction is you might overdose. The

760
00:46:12,360 --> 00:46:15,239
Speaker 1: likelihood of you overdosing with the introduction of fentanyl is

761
00:46:15,320 --> 00:46:18,000
Speaker 1: way higher than it was before. I think the whole

762
00:46:18,040 --> 00:46:21,480
Speaker 1: thing really started to pick up steam about two thousand thirteen.

763
00:46:22,160 --> 00:46:26,080
Speaker 1: And then the whole reason there's a heroin epidemic right

764
00:46:26,080 --> 00:46:30,640
Speaker 1: now in the United States, Chuck, is because the a

765
00:46:30,719 --> 00:46:34,200
Speaker 1: few pharma companies got America and a large part of

766
00:46:34,239 --> 00:46:39,440
Speaker 1: the world hooked on opioid painkillers like oxyconton, and the

767
00:46:39,480 --> 00:46:41,560
Speaker 1: government said, well, this is a real problem. We need

768
00:46:41,600 --> 00:46:46,360
Speaker 1: to get everybody off of opioids. So um Perdue Pharma,

769
00:46:46,600 --> 00:46:50,440
Speaker 1: you need to make this OxyContin impossible to inject or

770
00:46:50,480 --> 00:46:52,719
Speaker 1: snort or whatever. And they did. They made oxyconton so

771
00:46:52,760 --> 00:46:54,680
Speaker 1: that when you crushed it, it turned into a gel

772
00:46:54,800 --> 00:46:59,160
Speaker 1: that you couldn't do anything with. Um and nobody could

773
00:46:59,239 --> 00:47:01,560
Speaker 1: get high off boxy cotony more. You couldn't find. It

774
00:47:01,600 --> 00:47:03,960
Speaker 1: was too expensive. It was just impossible to get. But

775
00:47:04,520 --> 00:47:07,960
Speaker 1: heroin suddenly made a huge appearance and it was cheaper.

776
00:47:08,280 --> 00:47:10,800
Speaker 1: It did the trick. You could find it just about everywhere,

777
00:47:10,960 --> 00:47:13,200
Speaker 1: and now, all of a sudden, combined with the two

778
00:47:13,200 --> 00:47:15,719
Speaker 1: thousand and eight recession and all of the despair that

779
00:47:15,719 --> 00:47:19,040
Speaker 1: that generated, there's a heroin epidemic in the United States

780
00:47:19,080 --> 00:47:22,839
Speaker 1: that's still raging and going strong. And we have a

781
00:47:22,880 --> 00:47:26,480
Speaker 1: lot of those pharmaceutical companies and the the agencies that

782
00:47:26,520 --> 00:47:29,160
Speaker 1: are supposed to regulate them more closely to to blame

783
00:47:29,239 --> 00:47:33,920
Speaker 1: for that. Yeah. I remember in college there was a

784
00:47:33,960 --> 00:47:36,600
Speaker 1: one year and it was probably don't even a year,

785
00:47:36,640 --> 00:47:39,680
Speaker 1: but like one season where heroin kind of came through

786
00:47:39,760 --> 00:47:44,320
Speaker 1: town and in my crowd, like not my close friends,

787
00:47:44,400 --> 00:47:46,799
Speaker 1: none of them did it, but I knew. I knew

788
00:47:46,880 --> 00:47:50,520
Speaker 1: a person through a person who had, you know, known

789
00:47:50,600 --> 00:47:54,120
Speaker 1: like very loosely socially that she o'deed and died from

790
00:47:54,160 --> 00:47:57,600
Speaker 1: heroin during this like several month period. But I just

791
00:47:57,640 --> 00:48:00,239
Speaker 1: remember it was being talked about a lot, and it

792
00:48:00,280 --> 00:48:04,560
Speaker 1: was just around and people were doing it, and uh,

793
00:48:04,640 --> 00:48:07,440
Speaker 1: it never invaded my inner circle. But I just remember

794
00:48:07,520 --> 00:48:09,759
Speaker 1: that it was a kind of a scary time in

795
00:48:09,800 --> 00:48:12,719
Speaker 1: college when it kind of blew through and then kind

796
00:48:12,719 --> 00:48:15,160
Speaker 1: of blew back out again. It wasn't like a I mean,

797
00:48:15,200 --> 00:48:17,439
Speaker 1: I'm sure there were always people that we're doing Heroin

798
00:48:17,520 --> 00:48:19,680
Speaker 1: at some point in Athens. But it was like a

799
00:48:19,760 --> 00:48:21,880
Speaker 1: thing for a little while. Yeah, no, it was. It

800
00:48:21,920 --> 00:48:25,200
Speaker 1: was always very hard to find it just basically non existent.

801
00:48:25,800 --> 00:48:28,239
Speaker 1: Um when I get the feeling, yeah, you know. And

802
00:48:28,280 --> 00:48:31,520
Speaker 1: then it started to really pick up steam in like

803
00:48:31,560 --> 00:48:35,960
Speaker 1: the mid two thousand aughts. I think, yeah, it's weird,

804
00:48:36,080 --> 00:48:39,880
Speaker 1: but yeah, that's yeah. Heroin is a demon, Chuck, it

805
00:48:40,000 --> 00:48:43,239
Speaker 1: is a demon. And this girl was she was looking back,

806
00:48:43,239 --> 00:48:45,960
Speaker 1: probably twenty two years old. What a waste man. Yeah,

807
00:48:46,320 --> 00:48:51,520
Speaker 1: that's sad. Um, Well that's Heroin. Everybody, don't do it.

808
00:48:51,840 --> 00:48:55,000
Speaker 1: Don't do it. Just don't just go your whole life

809
00:48:55,320 --> 00:48:57,879
Speaker 1: saying I've never done Heroin. Not I'm all good. You're

810
00:48:57,880 --> 00:49:01,759
Speaker 1: not missing out on that much, Okay, okay. Uh. And

811
00:49:01,800 --> 00:49:06,839
Speaker 1: since I said that, it's time for listener mail. This

812
00:49:06,960 --> 00:49:08,960
Speaker 1: is about We heard a lot about peanut butter, that

813
00:49:09,000 --> 00:49:12,840
Speaker 1: has proven to be quite a popular and somewhat divisive

814
00:49:12,920 --> 00:49:18,360
Speaker 1: podcast episode. Uh. We did hear from most people that said, yeah,

815
00:49:18,360 --> 00:49:20,399
Speaker 1: outside of America, a lot of people think peanut butter

816
00:49:20,440 --> 00:49:23,040
Speaker 1: is weird. We did hear from a few people in

817
00:49:23,080 --> 00:49:25,760
Speaker 1: England and elsewhere they were like, what are you talking about?

818
00:49:25,840 --> 00:49:30,560
Speaker 1: Josh I love peanut butter like two people. Yeah, it

819
00:49:30,600 --> 00:49:34,080
Speaker 1: felt fairly anecdotal, but this is about neither of those.

820
00:49:34,080 --> 00:49:42,360
Speaker 1: So this is from Daniel Volts in Louisville. Did you say, Danielson? Hey, guys,

821
00:49:42,360 --> 00:49:44,440
Speaker 1: been listening for years, so all the great podcasts are

822
00:49:44,440 --> 00:49:47,800
Speaker 1: recently recently listen to peanut Butter and was greatly entertained

823
00:49:47,840 --> 00:49:50,680
Speaker 1: as a lifelong peanut butter lover. Jeff is my brand

824
00:49:50,680 --> 00:49:53,880
Speaker 1: of choice. Even convinced me to try peanut butter mayo sandwich,

825
00:49:53,920 --> 00:49:56,799
Speaker 1: which was okay, definitely to put more mayo on there

826
00:49:56,840 --> 00:50:00,279
Speaker 1: next time. Yes you do. We heard from some butter

827
00:50:00,360 --> 00:50:03,320
Speaker 1: mayonnaise people who tried it, and we're like, man, I

828
00:50:03,320 --> 00:50:06,080
Speaker 1: didn't really like it, or I didn't get it so right.

829
00:50:06,440 --> 00:50:09,320
Speaker 1: Maybe it's just me. While listening, I couldn't help but

830
00:50:09,360 --> 00:50:11,799
Speaker 1: think of the color blindness podcast you did, and how

831
00:50:11,800 --> 00:50:15,040
Speaker 1: cool it was to hear something uh be explained to

832
00:50:15,080 --> 00:50:18,319
Speaker 1: me because frankly, nobody ever cared to do so, and

833
00:50:18,400 --> 00:50:20,400
Speaker 1: as much as I love to learn, it never crossed

834
00:50:20,400 --> 00:50:22,360
Speaker 1: my mind to learn about it. You may be wondering

835
00:50:22,360 --> 00:50:25,240
Speaker 1: why I show about peanut butter triggered color blindness. Turns

836
00:50:25,280 --> 00:50:27,360
Speaker 1: out the rest of the world thinks peanut butter is brown.

837
00:50:28,239 --> 00:50:31,360
Speaker 1: I cannot imagine opening a jar of delicious green peanut

838
00:50:31,400 --> 00:50:36,919
Speaker 1: butter and seeing a nasty brown substance, uh, resembling something

839
00:50:36,960 --> 00:50:40,040
Speaker 1: I don't want to think about eating sometimes. Somehow I

840
00:50:40,080 --> 00:50:43,799
Speaker 1: thought this for eighteen years for anyone knew the true

841
00:50:43,800 --> 00:50:46,520
Speaker 1: color of peanut butter was green before anyone told him that.

842
00:50:47,640 --> 00:50:50,000
Speaker 1: I still get teased about thinking peanut butter as green,

843
00:50:50,080 --> 00:50:53,240
Speaker 1: but to me, it's as green as green gets. Reality

844
00:50:53,320 --> 00:50:55,920
Speaker 1: really is just perception. It's amazing to me that the

845
00:50:55,960 --> 00:50:59,240
Speaker 1: world can be seen so differently through every single person's eyes.

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Speaker 1: Who know is how many different colors of peanut butter

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Speaker 1: there are out there. Thanks for the show, guys, you

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Speaker 1: keep my days interesting and entertaining. H p S. Your

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Speaker 1: marathon podcast help me uh know what to expect from

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Speaker 1: my first marathon and scared me to death, but I

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Speaker 1: did finish without the unfortunate issues that some people go

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Speaker 1: through during a race. Congratulations and that is Daniel Volts

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Speaker 1: from Louisville, Kentucky. Nice work, Daniel, Um, I don't know

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Speaker 1: about green peanut butter. I don't. I think the weird

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Speaker 1: orangey brown it is normally is my preference for sure,

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Speaker 1: a K A peanut colored right. Well, if you want

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Speaker 1: to let us know how, um, something we talked about

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00:51:41,880 --> 00:51:46,000
Speaker 1: triggered some interesting memory. That kind of thing really fascinates us,

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00:51:46,040 --> 00:51:47,960
Speaker 1: so we want to hear it. You can send it

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00:51:47,960 --> 00:51:51,560
Speaker 1: to us in an email address it to stuff podcast

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Speaker 1: did iHeart radio dot com. Stuff You Should Know is

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Speaker 1: a production of iHeart Radio's How Stuff Works from what Podcasts.

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Speaker 1: For my heart Radio, visit the i heart Radio app,

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Speaker 1: Apple Podcasts, or wherever you listen to your favorite shows.

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Speaker 1: M h m hm