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Speaker 1: Get in touch with technology with tech stuff from house

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Speaker 1: stuff works dot com either everyone, and welcome to tech Stuff.

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Speaker 1: I'm Jonathan Strickland and I'm Lauren, and Lauren I kind

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Speaker 1: of wanted to uh start things up with something that

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Speaker 1: we need to do more of. We absolutely do. You

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Speaker 1: brought this up and you said we have got to

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Speaker 1: do more of this, and I completely agree. We're going

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Speaker 1: to go back a little ways to something that we

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Speaker 1: used to do on text stuff all the time. And

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Speaker 1: ladies and gentlemen, yes, I am talking about a return

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Speaker 1: to listener mail. I don't know why I leaned back

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Speaker 1: from the microphone, probably like that I was going to say,

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Speaker 1: I'm wearing heads. I didn't do a longtime listeners of

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Speaker 1: tech stuff. Realized that I used to do a big

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Speaker 1: listener mail thing. But we know, and yeah, we're not

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Speaker 1: We're not gonna We're not gonna subject you to all that.

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Speaker 1: It's a kinder, gentler tech stuff. But we do have

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Speaker 1: some amazing listener mail that we wanted to talk about.

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Speaker 1: And in fact, this one was incredibly long. There were

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Speaker 1: there were three big suggestions in it, and so we

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Speaker 1: had to pare it down. So I'm just going to

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Speaker 1: read the part that refers were actually doing for this episode,

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Speaker 1: so it goes Hi, guys, thanks for making the podcast.

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Speaker 1: I listened all the time at work as I drive

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Speaker 1: so much. My favorite episodes are the really long ones

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Speaker 1: where you really get stuck into the history of a company,

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Speaker 1: like the Amazon podcast. I'm guessing you must have loved

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Speaker 1: the HBO trilogy. But here goes the actual request. The

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Speaker 1: HMS Victory and HMS Warrior are interesting subjects, partly because

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Speaker 1: the Victory is still a commissioned ship in the Royal

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Speaker 1: Navy and is the oldest commission warship in the world.

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Speaker 1: The Constitution in the United States of America is the

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Speaker 1: oldest still afloat, but also because the technology used was

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Speaker 1: amazing for its time. The HMS Warrior had such strong

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Speaker 1: armor that they used modern weapons of the time to

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Speaker 1: test the armor fired at point blank range. Keep up

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Speaker 1: the great work, Simon. Well, Simon, thank you very much.

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Speaker 1: We're gonna talk specifically about the Victory because as we

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Speaker 1: were doing our research and building out the history for this,

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Speaker 1: we realized we could not truly do justice to both

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Speaker 1: subjects if we tried to cram them into a single episode.

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Speaker 1: All right, because I don't know about you guys, but

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Speaker 1: I was not, you know, really intimately familiar with the

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Speaker 1: technical workings of warships up until I did this research.

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Speaker 1: And there's a lot to them. There's so many, i mean,

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Speaker 1: really cutting edge naval technology was being used to create

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Speaker 1: these things, and so we really wanted to go in

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Speaker 1: depth into what this thing looked like and how it

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Speaker 1: was constructed. And even to do that, you had to

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Speaker 1: go back and look at the history of the British

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Speaker 1: Navy because the whole evolution leading up to the victory

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Speaker 1: was very important to understand why those developments were so

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Speaker 1: instrumental in the victory being such a powerful ship. So

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Speaker 1: first things first, before we even go into the history,

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Speaker 1: I think it's time for us to take a little tour.

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Speaker 1: And Lauren, I'm gonna you're gonna be happy to know.

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Speaker 1: Right outside the studio, I've set up an entire peer

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Speaker 1: with a ship docked air so I'm going to take

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Speaker 1: you on a tour of a boat so i can

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Speaker 1: show you what everything is. So it's truly incredible. Is

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Speaker 1: Atlanta is landlocked, but but I'm impressed by by this

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Speaker 1: modern technology that you have used to accomplish this Simon's

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Speaker 1: email was inspirational and I could do no less. So

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Speaker 1: it's truly a beautiful day. So yes, so let us

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Speaker 1: let us go, let us travel to this ship. Alright.

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Speaker 1: So now, Lauren, if you take a look at this ship. Here,

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Speaker 1: you see this front part where the the whole of

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Speaker 1: the ship is its curving down into the water. So

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Speaker 1: the front part of the ship is called the bow. Right,

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Speaker 1: So everything that's toward the direction of the bow when

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Speaker 1: you're on a ship is called four. So if you're

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Speaker 1: walking forward exactly, so if you're walking forward towards the bow,

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Speaker 1: you're walking for everything behind you is aft because it's

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Speaker 1: after right. Now, the back part of the ship is

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Speaker 1: the stern. So if you walk aft, you're walking towards

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Speaker 1: the stern. Now you've got to learn your left from

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Speaker 1: your right. Oh, I actually know this one, okay. So

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Speaker 1: the left side of the ship, if you're if you're

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Speaker 1: facing four, you're facing the bow, is the port, yes,

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Speaker 1: and the right side is starboard. That's right. Although in

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Speaker 1: the old old days, port was also known as larboard,

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Speaker 1: so you had larboard and starboard. That's much better. Why

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Speaker 1: did that's I mean? I okay, I guess it's a

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Speaker 1: little similar when you're yelling, you're shouting pirates off the larboard. Now,

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Speaker 1: then you might you know, people said, did you say

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Speaker 1: starboard or larboard? Which which gun do have fire? There's

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Speaker 1: gonna be a lot of accents in this episode. It's

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Speaker 1: left right, right, right. Well, let's see, let's just call

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Speaker 1: it port and it's easy to remember. You just hold

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Speaker 1: up both your hands and whichever one makes the P.

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Speaker 1: Wait a minute, that's not right. No, no no, no, if

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Speaker 1: you have a hook, it works, that's true if you

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Speaker 1: do alright, So then as long as your left hand

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Speaker 1: was the one that was cut off, you're in good shape.

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Speaker 1: So Captain Hook not so good because his right hand

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Speaker 1: was cut off. And well only in the book and

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Speaker 1: the Disney movie is different. You know, we're getting a

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Speaker 1: little off track. Okay, let's get back this this tour.

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Speaker 1: So we've got the ports and the starboard side. Also

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Speaker 1: the apocryphal story that the reason why we call posh

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Speaker 1: posh is because it stands it's an acronym that stands

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Speaker 1: for port out, starboard home, as in those are the

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Speaker 1: sides that face. But that's that's apocryph No, but it's

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Speaker 1: commonly said, so top deck of the ship, the weather

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Speaker 1: deck so called because it's exposed to the elements. Uh,

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Speaker 1: the you don't call them floors on a decks. Yeah,

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Speaker 1: so you can go down below decks, but there are

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Speaker 1: multiple decks in warships in particular, so typically that deck

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Speaker 1: has several raised areas. The front is spelled or castle,

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Speaker 1: but it's pronounced forecastle. Sure, okay, just like the the

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Speaker 1: person who's in charge of overseeing sailor discipline on a

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Speaker 1: ship is spelled boatswain, but it's pronounced boson. I'm I'm

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Speaker 1: willing to accept your word. Yeah, there's something about the English.

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Speaker 1: They just like to drop entire syllables and and letter

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Speaker 1: sounds out of their words until you you hear it

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Speaker 1: and you think, how do you spell that? Oh, it's

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Speaker 1: spelled or castle, but it's pronounced forecastle. So that's in

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Speaker 1: the front of the ship. You know, it's for castle.

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Speaker 1: So when you when you break it down like that,

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Speaker 1: it makes sense. It's in the forward part of the ship,

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Speaker 1: and it's a raised portion of the deck. So this

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Speaker 1: is generally used as a place for soldiers to stand,

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Speaker 1: and so if your ship is being bordered, there on

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Speaker 1: a raised platform where they can fire down onto the

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Speaker 1: boarding enemy. That's the ideas. Always get that elevated position.

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Speaker 1: Then you have the quarter deck, which is really the

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Speaker 1: last quarter of the ship that's in the aft part.

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Speaker 1: This tends to be lower, right, it doesn't not necessarily

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Speaker 1: raised up. You might have a waste in the middle,

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Speaker 1: which is a depression in the middle of your ship.

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Speaker 1: That's where you would put boats boats. By the way,

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Speaker 1: I'll go ahead and say this, even though I have

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Speaker 1: it later in my notes. A boat, here's how technical

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Speaker 1: we get. Is a small a vessel to fit aboard

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Speaker 1: a ship, and a ship is a large enough vessel

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Speaker 1: to carry a boat, just like a mountain is larger

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Speaker 1: than a hill, and a hill is smaller than a mountain.

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Speaker 1: It's one of those definitions that is not at all useful,

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Speaker 1: and I'm glad that that's extremely clear. But that's the way.

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Speaker 1: That's the way it works. So then in the very

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Speaker 1: after the ship, in most warships, you have another raised deck.

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Speaker 1: Now this deck is the infamous poop deck, the poop

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Speaker 1: I heard another possibly apocryphal tail that the reason it

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Speaker 1: is called a poop deck has nothing to do with evacuation.

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Speaker 1: It has to do with the fact that if you

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Speaker 1: were to have visitors aboard your ship, you would probably

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Speaker 1: put them on board this deck. It's in the very back,

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Speaker 1: so they can see everything that's happening because it's raised up.

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Speaker 1: It's in the back. You're you're out of the way

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Speaker 1: of all the action because all the sailors are having

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Speaker 1: to deal with the sales that are in the main

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Speaker 1: part of the ship, and they would get quote unquote pooped,

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Speaker 1: which I assume means amused when they would see waves

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Speaker 1: coming aboard, coming over the side and dousing the sailors

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Speaker 1: while whereas they're up. Yeah, stay classy, all right. So

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Speaker 1: then you've got the deck below the top deck, which

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Speaker 1: is commonly called the gun deck. Now there may or

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Speaker 1: may not be guns on the gun deck. Typically on

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Speaker 1: your ships you would have the cannon on the weather deck.

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Speaker 1: So the top deck right, the gun deck might not

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Speaker 1: have any guns on it at all. It may just

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Speaker 1: be used for the mess, which is where you eat

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Speaker 1: and also the place where you would bunk for the night,

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Speaker 1: except instead of bunk, you would hammock. So or if

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Speaker 1: you were in a really old ship, you had a

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Speaker 1: rope that you would lean on to fall asleep. Yeah, no,

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Speaker 1: those were rough days. Um. Also, sometimes in older ships

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Speaker 1: you would just have to sleep on the deck of

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Speaker 1: the ship. So, uh, yeah, the cannons on the top deck.

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Speaker 1: If it were a really sophisticated warship, there would be

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Speaker 1: multiple gun decks and there would be can ends on

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Speaker 1: each one. Eventually they started figuring out, hey, we should

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Speaker 1: put the heavy cannons towards the lower decks because uh

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Speaker 1: they provide more stability. But you can't go too low

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Speaker 1: because then you're below the waterline and and you open

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Speaker 1: up a port, then that's not right. You're you're a

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Speaker 1: sinking your ship and being not really effectively shooting in anything.

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Speaker 1: No gunpowder when it gets wet, not terribly. Yeah, okay,

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Speaker 1: but let's let's go back up above decks and what

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Speaker 1: are what are these? What are these giant poles? They

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Speaker 1: seem to be masts. Those would be masts, and you

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Speaker 1: typically would have multiple masks aboard these ships. You might

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Speaker 1: hear of a three master or a four master. These

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Speaker 1: refer to the number of masts on the ship. The mass,

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Speaker 1: of course, are the poles upon which the sails hang.

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Speaker 1: You have some some bars that are horizontal that are

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Speaker 1: supported by the masts. Those horizontal bars are called yards

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Speaker 1: So if you ever heard yard arm, that is referring

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Speaker 1: to these these horizontal poles those support the sales. Of course,

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Speaker 1: sales are what provide the propulsion aboard these ships. You know,

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Speaker 1: you're using wind power right right. And there's a few

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Speaker 1: different different types of sales, lots of different types of sales,

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Speaker 1: and some of them are very specific to specific masts.

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Speaker 1: So if you have let's say a three mast ship,

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Speaker 1: your your first mast is the foremast. That's the one

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Speaker 1: closest to the bow, so it's the one closest to

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Speaker 1: the foe. You might also have a bowsprit, which is uh,

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Speaker 1: an extension of the bow that goes up. So if

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Speaker 1: you've ever seen one that has like a really long

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Speaker 1: pole that extends out kind of like a nose on

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Speaker 1: the ship, that's the bow sprint or or bowsprit, depending

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Speaker 1: upon how you want to pronounce it. That may also

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Speaker 1: have some sales attached to it. But then you have

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Speaker 1: the foremast. Next you would have the main mast or

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Speaker 1: the main mast, and then you have the mizzen mast

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Speaker 1: in the very back. Uh. If you have a really

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Speaker 1: big ship like a foremaster, you might also have a

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Speaker 1: Bonaventure mast. Uh, these would have the sales. And like

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Speaker 1: you said, there are different kinds of sales. Their jibs,

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Speaker 1: which are triangular sales that are usually found in the

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Speaker 1: front of the ship, attached to the bow and the

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Speaker 1: bow sprit. You have square sails, which would be the topsails,

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Speaker 1: the main sails, and the top gallant or to gallant,

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Speaker 1: i should say, and the royal sales, which are at

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Speaker 1: the very very top. So these are these are the

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Speaker 1: square ones. And then you've got these other kind of

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Speaker 1: weird trapezoidal shaped sails called spankers. Again, keep a classy kids, Yeah,

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Speaker 1: having spankers aboard your ship, it's a good thing. Your

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Speaker 1: boson might be one of them. But yeah, no, we're

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Speaker 1: talking about sales here. Well, but they are at the

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Speaker 1: stern of the ship. Yes they are. The spankers are

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Speaker 1: by the poop. So I'm so but sure, I'm sorry. No, no, no,

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Speaker 1: it's fine. I was. I was gonna go the same way.

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Speaker 1: And it's amazing that we haven't completely fallen apart already. No.

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Speaker 1: So you know, the the other big picture of of

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Speaker 1: of sailing vessels, the sailor at the helm, the wheel,

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Speaker 1: the ship's wheel where the sailor's gripping the wheel tightly,

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Speaker 1: there's probably like some sort of storm going on into it,

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Speaker 1: and then much much like car driving on TV, you

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Speaker 1: just you just twist that thing everywhere. Yeah, no, okay.

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Speaker 1: First of all, ship wheels were a relatively late invention

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Speaker 1: as far as warships are concerned. The ship's wheel didn't

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Speaker 1: come into play until the beginning of the eighteenth century.

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Speaker 1: Now that the Victory had a ship's wheel, because that

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Speaker 1: was built in the mid eighteenth century, but anything that

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Speaker 1: was built before the early eighteenth century did not use

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Speaker 1: a wheel, used what was called a whip staff or

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Speaker 1: a tiller. So this is essentially like, you know, a

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Speaker 1: big tiller is like a lever that you would joystick

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Speaker 1: kind of, except it was horizontal, not vertical. You would

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Speaker 1: lean against it to the right or to the left

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Speaker 1: in order to maneuver the ship, and the wheel was

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Speaker 1: meant to emulate that, but doing it through a system

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Speaker 1: of essentially ropes and pulls. So um and in fact,

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Speaker 1: it took a while for them to perfect the way

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Speaker 1: of creating the right tension so that you wouldn't end

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Speaker 1: up with slack or too much tension with the wheel

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Speaker 1: and thus you would affect the maneuverability of a ship.

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Speaker 1: So that concludes our tour. We have seen the basic

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Speaker 1: ship here, you know, just I guess we could have

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Speaker 1: mentioned that most of the ships also had a large

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Speaker 1: cabin for the captain or the commander of the vessel

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Speaker 1: to stay in. That cabin typically ends up having at

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Speaker 1: least one major compartment for the commander of the ship.

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Speaker 1: It's a little more comfortable, it's definitely more spacious than

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Speaker 1: the crew quarters. And also typically it's used in battle

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Speaker 1: situations as well, So even the captain's room ends up

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Speaker 1: getting cleared out for battle, and cannon will be rolled

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Speaker 1: in and moved through gun ports. Yeah, so even there,

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Speaker 1: every single bit of space that could be used for

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Speaker 1: combat on these ships was done. So so if we

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Speaker 1: want to really talk about the victory, we gotta look

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Speaker 1: back to some of the earlier ships that kind have

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Speaker 1: led into it's it's being built. So if you look

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Speaker 1: all the way back into the very beginning of the

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Speaker 1: English navy, you gotta go back to the fifteenth century,

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Speaker 1: So fourteen hundreds, this is when cargo ships called carricks

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Speaker 1: were becoming a really popular design in all of Europe,

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Speaker 1: not just England, but you know France and Spain, lots

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Speaker 1: of countries use these kind of ships that were either

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Speaker 1: three or four masted ships and they had a large

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Speaker 1: aft castle, so very similar to the forecastle. This would

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Speaker 1: be on the aft side obviously the stern side um,

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Speaker 1: and they would use a lot of cannons, but they

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Speaker 1: would all be on the top deck because at the

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Speaker 1: time no one can really figure out how to use

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Speaker 1: cannons below decks that would not also risk the ship

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Speaker 1: capsizing in the water due to due to water coming

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Speaker 1: in through the gun ports. So they were all on

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Speaker 1: the top decks, and uh, they were not terribly maneuverable.

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Speaker 1: They were pretty top heavy with all those Yeah. So

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Speaker 1: like you can imagine if you had to take a

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Speaker 1: pretty dramatic turn to the to port or starboard that

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Speaker 1: with that top heavy you could capsize the ship. Yeah,

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Speaker 1: and in fact that did happen, uh in one notable

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Speaker 1: case that we'll talk about in a second. But those

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Speaker 1: were the types of chips that were used by like

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Speaker 1: like Columbus and Magellan. Absolutely. Yeah. The if you've heard

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Speaker 1: about the the Nina, the Pinta, and the Santa Maria,

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Speaker 1: those were all carricks. Uh. They In fact, as I recalled,

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Speaker 1: Columbus called one of them a cow because he felt

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Speaker 1: that it steered that way. So but then we move

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Speaker 1: forward into the days of good King Henry the Eighth,

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Speaker 1: one of the most enlightened, uh egalitarian rulers in English history.

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Speaker 1: That's what he's known for. It. Yeah, that that, and

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Speaker 1: you know, being brutal and petty and uh and petulant. Yes, um, hey,

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Speaker 1: look I know King Henry the Eighth. King Henry the

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Speaker 1: eighth is a friend of mine, all right. So at

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Speaker 1: the Georgia Renaissance Festival anyway, and the guy who plays

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Speaker 1: him does it perfectly because he's like he's like a

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Speaker 1: three year old having a timper tentrum all day long.

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Speaker 1: He's jovial and and angry. Yeah, that's terrific. At any

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Speaker 1: moment he could, he could demand for your head on

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Speaker 1: a pike. But Henry the seventh. So, Henry the Eighth's

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Speaker 1: father was the first king to really start to establish

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Speaker 1: an official navy. Although although most of his naval ships

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Speaker 1: were converted merchant ships, yes, that's exactly right, they weren't

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Speaker 1: designed to be warships. He was essentially saying, hey, that boat,

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Speaker 1: you have it belongs to the crown now and merchants

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Speaker 1: will be like, alright, I guess I work for you now,

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Speaker 1: all right, you're paying the checks. So yeah. So Henry

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Speaker 1: the eighth decided to start commissioning actual warships to be

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Speaker 1: built for the English Navy, and one of the first

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Speaker 1: ones was called the Mary Rose, named after one of

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Speaker 1: Henry the Eighth's siblings, a beloved sister of his who

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Speaker 1: did not lose her head. No, no, Mary Rose did

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Speaker 1: not lose her head. Um. Yeah, So the mary Rose

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Speaker 1: was a pretty phenomenal ship. They managed to do a

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Speaker 1: couple of different things. First of all, it was one

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Speaker 1: of the first ships of the English Navy to have

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Speaker 1: a carvel hull. So there are two major types of

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Speaker 1: holes at the time that this ship was built. There

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Speaker 1: was the carvel style and the clinker style. The clinker

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Speaker 1: style was older and it was done by overlapping boards,

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Speaker 1: so that think of it like shingles on a roof.

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Speaker 1: So that's what the hull was like. It wasn't smooth.

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Speaker 1: It was the shingle depends like the opposite of water dynamic.

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Speaker 1: It was hydrodynamic, yeah, exactly. It was not as maneuverable.

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Speaker 1: It also had lots of other problems. You could end

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Speaker 1: up having leaks as well. Carvel was a way of

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Speaker 1: having these be end to end. That's where you get

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Speaker 1: that smooth ship appearance and uh and it was kind

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Speaker 1: of a revolutionary way of building ships and it also

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Speaker 1: made them even sturdier. Actually, the way that they came

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Speaker 1: to build these and put them together. You had a

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Speaker 1: keel that that's the backbone of your ship, and then

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Speaker 1: you put a frame on it, and then you would

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Speaker 1: lay out the boards to side by side and watertight

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Speaker 1: that's an important part. Yeah, they put a lot of

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Speaker 1: calk in there to keep it watertight. Good. So yeah,

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Speaker 1: otherwise your ship is not so much a ship as

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Speaker 1: it is a collection of boards is going to get

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Speaker 1: you very wet very soon. So then another innovation that

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Speaker 1: came about was due to Henry saying, hey, I want

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Speaker 1: more guns on this thing. Henry had a lot of

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Speaker 1: enemies in Europe. He did not make friends easily. I

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Speaker 1: can't imagine why. Actually made friends pretty easily, but he

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Speaker 1: forgot them really easily too. So yeah, he he decided

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Speaker 1: that he wanted to have gun ports cut into the

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Speaker 1: side of the hull in order to have more cannons aboard,

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Speaker 1: and shipbuilders were not excited about this idea. As we

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Speaker 1: discussed earlier, cannons were typically kept on the top decks

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Speaker 1: at the time because they were afraid of I mean,

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Speaker 1: anytime you've got extra holes in the side of your chip, Yeah,

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Speaker 1: you got a place where water can come in, especially

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Speaker 1: during stormy weather. That was the big one, uh, the

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Speaker 1: actual weather phenomenon, not the song. So they wanted to

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Speaker 1: have some way of having these gun ports used without

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Speaker 1: sinking the ships. So they the shipbuilders ended up coming

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Speaker 1: up with an innovation for special gun ports that had

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Speaker 1: these covers, these heavy lids that could slam down in

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Speaker 1: place and were water tight when they were closed, but

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Speaker 1: then could be opened for action or battle so that

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Speaker 1: the cannon could be wheeled out on these big gun carriages.

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Speaker 1: We'll talk about those in a little bit in the

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Speaker 1: second half. But then you could you know, wheel the

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Speaker 1: guns out and fire. And this would allow you to

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Speaker 1: have guns still above the water line. Obviously you can't

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Speaker 1: go below it, but it would also provide ability to

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Speaker 1: have more stability at the base of the ship. Not

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Speaker 1: that it helped out the Mary Rose. You see the

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Speaker 1: Mary Rose, well, she was a pretty spectacular ship. Her

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Speaker 1: her full crew component was supposed to be around four

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Speaker 1: hundred men. That's a big, big shop. I mean, most

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Speaker 1: of the boats I've been on, like even even the

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Speaker 1: ships I've been on have been schooners, which would never

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Speaker 1: have supported like maybe maybe a crew of a dozen

378
00:19:58,080 --> 00:20:01,639
Speaker 1: would be right, but four hundred now on a rating party,

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Speaker 1: Like if you wanted to go and invade, say France,

380
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Speaker 1: which you know Henry wanted to do that all the time,

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Speaker 1: if you wanted to do that, then that number could

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Speaker 1: swell up to seven people aboard this one ship. And

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Speaker 1: keep in mind it was it was shoulder to shoulder

384
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Speaker 1: if you had four hundred, so crew quarters were incredibly

385
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Speaker 1: tight if it was completely full like that. So in

386
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Speaker 1: so we're talking more than thirty years after she had

387
00:20:25,760 --> 00:20:29,800
Speaker 1: been launched, the Mary Rose sank and it might have

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Speaker 1: been because she was too top heavy. She was it

389
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Speaker 1: was on a mission to blockade some French ships too.

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Speaker 1: It was during an actual altercation with France, and as

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Speaker 1: she was taking a turn, the story is that she

392
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Speaker 1: took a bad wind. The wind hit her at just

393
00:20:47,440 --> 00:20:49,560
Speaker 1: the right angle just as she was making a tight turn,

394
00:20:49,640 --> 00:20:52,720
Speaker 1: and she was so top heavy. Yeah, she started to

395
00:20:52,720 --> 00:20:55,640
Speaker 1: turn over and then those those lids were opening up

396
00:20:55,680 --> 00:20:57,800
Speaker 1: and that was allowing water in through the gun ports

397
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Speaker 1: and then sank. Hundreds of scale atins have been recovered

398
00:21:02,119 --> 00:21:04,160
Speaker 1: from this, uh, this wreck at least I think it's

399
00:21:04,160 --> 00:21:06,360
Speaker 1: something like a hundred and twenty nine so maybe not hundreds,

400
00:21:06,400 --> 00:21:09,399
Speaker 1: but more than a hundred um so, yeah, it was.

401
00:21:10,000 --> 00:21:12,920
Speaker 1: The wreck has been largely recovered. It was I think

402
00:21:12,920 --> 00:21:17,800
Speaker 1: in the nineteen seventies rediscovered pretty phenomenal. So this style

403
00:21:17,840 --> 00:21:21,000
Speaker 1: of ship ended up being the style of choice during

404
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Speaker 1: Henry's reign and for the first part of Elizabeth's reign

405
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Speaker 1: as well. Keeping in mind we had a couple of

406
00:21:26,480 --> 00:21:30,119
Speaker 1: monarchs in between the two. But then Elizabeth also began

407
00:21:30,240 --> 00:21:33,199
Speaker 1: to look at a different type of ships. So in

408
00:21:33,840 --> 00:21:37,199
Speaker 1: seven you had Sir Walter Raleigh commissioning the h M

409
00:21:37,440 --> 00:21:41,159
Speaker 1: s arc Rally. It was a galleon class ships, so

410
00:21:41,240 --> 00:21:45,080
Speaker 1: no no longer carricks and uh galleon from the old

411
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Speaker 1: French word galleon are meaning little ship to me and

412
00:21:48,920 --> 00:21:51,840
Speaker 1: really freaking huge ship, yeah, because that's the way language works.

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Speaker 1: The Spanish were really well known for their galleons. The

414
00:21:55,480 --> 00:21:59,320
Speaker 1: Spanish fleet was mainly of galleons. But this one was

415
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Speaker 1: and I used the term loosely by Queen Elizabeth the

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Speaker 1: First in seven for five thousand pounds. Yeah, yeah, bought

417
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Speaker 1: because well Rally was was constantly in debt. Was Yeah,

418
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Speaker 1: he owed the crown a lot of money. So really,

419
00:22:14,440 --> 00:22:18,240
Speaker 1: by bought, she just cut his debt by five thousand pounds,

420
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Speaker 1: and I guess he didn't really have anything to say

421
00:22:20,520 --> 00:22:24,960
Speaker 1: about that, which, okay, let's let's be clear here. Elizabeth

422
00:22:24,960 --> 00:22:27,520
Speaker 1: the First was no Henry the Eighth, but she inherited

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Speaker 1: some of Hank's you know, attitude. Yeah, she was, can

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Speaker 1: I can I call she was? She was determined, you know,

425
00:22:35,520 --> 00:22:38,240
Speaker 1: she was absolutely determined, and in every way that is

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00:22:38,280 --> 00:22:41,200
Speaker 1: great because she was able to maintain her stance and power.

427
00:22:41,240 --> 00:22:44,800
Speaker 1: She was able to maintain England's sovereignty. She she made

428
00:22:44,840 --> 00:22:47,000
Speaker 1: the hard choices that needed to be made. She did,

429
00:22:47,359 --> 00:22:51,720
Speaker 1: but she is probably the worst possible words. She didn't

430
00:22:52,400 --> 00:22:56,879
Speaker 1: that power and capacity as as she said in black Adder,

431
00:22:57,000 --> 00:23:00,800
Speaker 1: she had the constitution of a concrete elephant. Uh but yes,

432
00:23:00,960 --> 00:23:04,359
Speaker 1: So anyway, this galleon class huge improvement over the Carrot class.

433
00:23:04,400 --> 00:23:06,720
Speaker 1: So it had two gun decks. At an upper gun

434
00:23:06,760 --> 00:23:09,240
Speaker 1: deck the weather deck and a lower gun deck which

435
00:23:09,280 --> 00:23:12,639
Speaker 1: was actually one deck down. Uh. It had a double forecastle,

436
00:23:13,000 --> 00:23:15,640
Speaker 1: a quarter deck, and a poop deck. The two gun

437
00:23:15,680 --> 00:23:20,000
Speaker 1: decks were incredibly effective. The helmsman controlled the ship via

438
00:23:20,119 --> 00:23:22,480
Speaker 1: tiller on the poop deck, so the poop deck was

439
00:23:22,680 --> 00:23:25,359
Speaker 1: elevated enough so that the helmsman could navigate and see

440
00:23:25,480 --> 00:23:28,520
Speaker 1: over the forecastle, because otherwise you're kind of looking at

441
00:23:28,680 --> 00:23:30,360
Speaker 1: your looking at a ship and you're thinking like, yeah,

442
00:23:30,359 --> 00:23:31,520
Speaker 1: I know I need to steer it, but I can't

443
00:23:31,560 --> 00:23:33,600
Speaker 1: see any landmarks. Not like they had a video screen,

444
00:23:34,560 --> 00:23:37,720
Speaker 1: so yeah, you couldn't pull it. There's a Spanish galleon

445
00:23:37,800 --> 00:23:40,840
Speaker 1: off the port, bell bring it up on screen. I

446
00:23:40,840 --> 00:23:43,679
Speaker 1: wouldn't work. You couldn no make it. So back in

447
00:23:43,720 --> 00:23:46,800
Speaker 1: this day, but the galleon class again big leap forward.

448
00:23:46,880 --> 00:23:51,440
Speaker 1: So we start seeing an evolution in various ship building

449
00:23:51,520 --> 00:23:54,720
Speaker 1: and ship classes over this time. Now for large part

450
00:23:54,840 --> 00:23:58,880
Speaker 1: they are just improvements over existing types of ships. By

451
00:23:58,880 --> 00:24:02,400
Speaker 1: the time you get to the eighteenth century, you start

452
00:24:02,400 --> 00:24:04,840
Speaker 1: seeing a new type of ship and it's all based

453
00:24:04,960 --> 00:24:08,320
Speaker 1: upon the same kind of stuff that Henry was concerned with.

454
00:24:08,480 --> 00:24:11,000
Speaker 1: See the reason why Henry really wanted to have those

455
00:24:11,040 --> 00:24:13,560
Speaker 1: extra gun decks so that they could do a maneuver

456
00:24:13,720 --> 00:24:17,600
Speaker 1: called broadsides. Broadsides where you present the broad side of

457
00:24:17,640 --> 00:24:20,040
Speaker 1: your ship, so you know you're not coming straight at

458
00:24:20,080 --> 00:24:22,840
Speaker 1: your enemy. You present the broadside because that's where all

459
00:24:22,840 --> 00:24:25,080
Speaker 1: your cannons are. Yeah, that's the useful bit for you,

460
00:24:25,240 --> 00:24:28,280
Speaker 1: and especially if you can catch another ship as it's

461
00:24:28,280 --> 00:24:31,359
Speaker 1: coming straight on heading towards you, you can fire very

462
00:24:31,400 --> 00:24:34,760
Speaker 1: effectively at them before they have time to really fire you. Right,

463
00:24:34,840 --> 00:24:37,840
Speaker 1: So laying on broadsides means you just fire all the

464
00:24:37,880 --> 00:24:41,160
Speaker 1: guns on that side facing the enemy vessel, and you're

465
00:24:41,800 --> 00:24:45,120
Speaker 1: bound to do some pretty major damage. So with that

466
00:24:45,359 --> 00:24:48,639
Speaker 1: tactic in mind, it started to guide shipbuilders in the

467
00:24:48,680 --> 00:24:50,959
Speaker 1: way they wanted to build warships. So by the UH

468
00:24:51,080 --> 00:24:54,320
Speaker 1: the early to mid eighteenth century, the the Board of

469
00:24:54,359 --> 00:24:58,080
Speaker 1: Admiralty began to order new ships of the line and

470
00:24:58,119 --> 00:25:00,680
Speaker 1: a ship of the Line was designed speci typically for this.

471
00:25:00,880 --> 00:25:03,560
Speaker 1: The battle tactic was that you would line up all

472
00:25:03,600 --> 00:25:06,239
Speaker 1: of your ships in a column, so you would have

473
00:25:06,520 --> 00:25:09,600
Speaker 1: your various ships of the line built for war one

474
00:25:09,680 --> 00:25:12,840
Speaker 1: behind the other, and then ideally when you came upon

475
00:25:12,840 --> 00:25:14,920
Speaker 1: your enemy, you would maneuver in such a way where

476
00:25:14,920 --> 00:25:18,040
Speaker 1: your entire line of ships can all lay on broadsides

477
00:25:18,160 --> 00:25:20,960
Speaker 1: in a in a sequence against your enemy, and it

478
00:25:21,160 --> 00:25:23,959
Speaker 1: was devastating. So if you made a mistake in that

479
00:25:24,000 --> 00:25:28,200
Speaker 1: maneuvering phase, it was game over. It was almost guaranteed

480
00:25:28,280 --> 00:25:31,880
Speaker 1: to end up causing uh, you know, failure. So they

481
00:25:32,000 --> 00:25:35,159
Speaker 1: ordered twelve of these in seventeen fifty eight, and uh

482
00:25:35,280 --> 00:25:38,360
Speaker 1: one of those would be the HMS Victory. And they

483
00:25:38,359 --> 00:25:40,639
Speaker 1: wanted to have big gun decks. They wanted to be

484
00:25:40,720 --> 00:25:44,359
Speaker 1: able to withstand a lot of damage, and so it

485
00:25:44,480 --> 00:25:48,479
Speaker 1: had to be, uh, something really really spectacular. And this

486
00:25:48,560 --> 00:25:51,120
Speaker 1: was also the same year that a particular person who

487
00:25:51,160 --> 00:25:53,399
Speaker 1: ends up being incredibly important in the history of the

488
00:25:53,520 --> 00:25:58,040
Speaker 1: HMS Victory was born, Lord Nelson. So Lord Nelson very

489
00:25:58,040 --> 00:26:00,160
Speaker 1: important figure in history. This is sort of the coming

490
00:26:00,160 --> 00:26:02,919
Speaker 1: a stuff you missed in history class episode. But you know,

491
00:26:02,960 --> 00:26:04,480
Speaker 1: we've got a lot more to say, and we're gonna

492
00:26:04,560 --> 00:26:07,360
Speaker 1: talk specifically about the Victory and what made her so

493
00:26:07,400 --> 00:26:09,920
Speaker 1: special in just a moment. But before we do that,

494
00:26:10,520 --> 00:26:14,080
Speaker 1: let's take a quick break to thank our sponsor. Alright,

495
00:26:14,119 --> 00:26:17,040
Speaker 1: we're back, and now it's seventeen sixty five and the

496
00:26:17,240 --> 00:26:21,040
Speaker 1: HMS Victory is ready to launch. It had been prepared

497
00:26:21,080 --> 00:26:25,320
Speaker 1: in the old single dock in Chatham's Royal Dockyard, and

498
00:26:25,960 --> 00:26:30,679
Speaker 1: she was pretty useful ship. They she she saw action

499
00:26:30,760 --> 00:26:33,240
Speaker 1: and lots of engagements, not just not just the most

500
00:26:33,240 --> 00:26:36,520
Speaker 1: famous one which everyone remembers, the Battle of Trafalgar. I

501
00:26:36,560 --> 00:26:40,240
Speaker 1: mean I remember it there well, you know, not personally,

502
00:26:40,280 --> 00:26:42,960
Speaker 1: but I've I've seen I've seen statues and I've read

503
00:26:42,960 --> 00:26:46,879
Speaker 1: about it. But also she was used in the American Revolution,

504
00:26:47,080 --> 00:26:52,000
Speaker 1: not by the Americans obviously, also the French War of Independence,

505
00:26:52,000 --> 00:26:55,520
Speaker 1: the French Revolution, the Napoleonic War, clearly, you know that's

506
00:26:55,920 --> 00:26:58,920
Speaker 1: another one. And then it was the flagship of Vice

507
00:26:58,960 --> 00:27:02,600
Speaker 1: Admiral Nelson, So she would end up being recommissioned in

508
00:27:02,680 --> 00:27:04,919
Speaker 1: eighteen o eight. We'll talk specifically about that in a

509
00:27:04,920 --> 00:27:08,680
Speaker 1: little bit. But also then was serving in the baltic Um.

510
00:27:08,960 --> 00:27:12,040
Speaker 1: She switched to harbor service eventually, which meant that she

511
00:27:12,240 --> 00:27:15,879
Speaker 1: was kind of used for dignitaries. It was a residence,

512
00:27:15,920 --> 00:27:17,800
Speaker 1: it was a tender boat like. It was kind of

513
00:27:17,840 --> 00:27:21,800
Speaker 1: the English Navy's way of saying, we're really proud of

514
00:27:21,800 --> 00:27:24,440
Speaker 1: this particular ship. She has served us. Well, we don't

515
00:27:24,480 --> 00:27:27,000
Speaker 1: want to scrap her. Yeah, yeah, it's kind of out

516
00:27:27,000 --> 00:27:29,119
Speaker 1: to pasture, but not in the dead way. And the

517
00:27:29,280 --> 00:27:32,480
Speaker 1: look at this really beautiful old cow, right, yeah, she's

518
00:27:32,600 --> 00:27:35,360
Speaker 1: she's she's a good old cow. She's a good old cow.

519
00:27:35,480 --> 00:27:37,440
Speaker 1: And as far as I know, no one ever described

520
00:27:37,440 --> 00:27:40,680
Speaker 1: her as a cow. Um. She actually steered quite well.

521
00:27:41,080 --> 00:27:44,520
Speaker 1: So let's talk about what went on with the construction

522
00:27:44,640 --> 00:27:47,560
Speaker 1: of this thing. I mean, it was a massive undertaking.

523
00:27:47,600 --> 00:27:50,320
Speaker 1: This was not as big a ship as some of

524
00:27:50,320 --> 00:27:53,119
Speaker 1: the ones that Henry had commissioned back in his day,

525
00:27:53,160 --> 00:27:56,840
Speaker 1: but was so sophisticated and so well put together that

526
00:27:56,880 --> 00:27:59,800
Speaker 1: it required a lot of work. So the construction crew

527
00:27:59,840 --> 00:28:03,520
Speaker 1: of HMS Victory was a sizeable one of around two

528
00:28:03,640 --> 00:28:08,080
Speaker 1: hundred fifty men. And according to the resources I was

529
00:28:08,119 --> 00:28:10,400
Speaker 1: looking at, they looked at a lot of a lot

530
00:28:10,400 --> 00:28:13,520
Speaker 1: of wood. Yeah, like like a hundred acres of forest.

531
00:28:13,680 --> 00:28:18,080
Speaker 1: That's some six thousand mature oak trees. Um were used

532
00:28:18,080 --> 00:28:19,919
Speaker 1: to provide the wood for the ship, along with some

533
00:28:20,080 --> 00:28:23,560
Speaker 1: fur almond, pine um. Mostly all taken from the forests

534
00:28:23,560 --> 00:28:25,960
Speaker 1: of Kent and Sussex, which is good because if it

535
00:28:26,200 --> 00:28:28,480
Speaker 1: taken in from the hundred acre wood Winnie the po

536
00:28:28,640 --> 00:28:31,800
Speaker 1: would be homeless. Now at that time, trees were selected

537
00:28:31,840 --> 00:28:34,399
Speaker 1: carefully for their size, right, they had to. They had

538
00:28:34,400 --> 00:28:36,480
Speaker 1: to sit there and look specifically like, well, we need

539
00:28:36,480 --> 00:28:39,120
Speaker 1: this size to make these certain planks, and only that.

540
00:28:39,160 --> 00:28:41,760
Speaker 1: But there were certain natural parts of trees that became

541
00:28:41,760 --> 00:28:44,480
Speaker 1: in really useful. Yeah. Yeah. The the largest of them

542
00:28:44,480 --> 00:28:47,320
Speaker 1: were like these oaks that were thirty ft high. Others

543
00:28:47,320 --> 00:28:49,920
Speaker 1: were forked or had these special y shaped branches that

544
00:28:49,960 --> 00:28:52,080
Speaker 1: would allow for particular bits to be made from a

545
00:28:52,120 --> 00:28:54,720
Speaker 1: single piece of wood, thus making it stronger than it

546
00:28:54,760 --> 00:28:56,640
Speaker 1: otherwise would be. Right, instead of having to make a

547
00:28:56,720 --> 00:29:00,160
Speaker 1: joint between two pieces of wood, the natural joint of

548
00:29:00,200 --> 00:29:03,320
Speaker 1: the y shaped oak meant that they didn't have to

549
00:29:03,320 --> 00:29:05,959
Speaker 1: to engineer that. It was already built into it, so

550
00:29:06,000 --> 00:29:08,200
Speaker 1: they didn't have to worry about that being a weak point.

551
00:29:08,240 --> 00:29:11,400
Speaker 1: It was pretty phenomenal. So they built the keel first,

552
00:29:11,520 --> 00:29:13,440
Speaker 1: That of course, is the backbone. That's the part that

553
00:29:13,560 --> 00:29:16,160
Speaker 1: runs along the very bottom of the ship. Yea. And

554
00:29:16,200 --> 00:29:19,200
Speaker 1: then they've built the frame. And normally what you would

555
00:29:19,240 --> 00:29:22,560
Speaker 1: do is you would season the wood for the ship,

556
00:29:22,960 --> 00:29:26,040
Speaker 1: and by season we mean dry it out. Yeah, you

557
00:29:26,080 --> 00:29:27,960
Speaker 1: want to get all the moisture out. You want to

558
00:29:28,080 --> 00:29:30,200
Speaker 1: you want those boards to shrink as much as they

559
00:29:30,240 --> 00:29:33,160
Speaker 1: can possibly shrink, because what does shrink as it looses moisture?

560
00:29:33,360 --> 00:29:36,080
Speaker 1: And if you and if you shrink it after it's built,

561
00:29:36,240 --> 00:29:39,800
Speaker 1: then you've got that loose collection of planks that's gonna

562
00:29:39,840 --> 00:29:42,320
Speaker 1: get you very wet. You get a leaky a leaky bill.

563
00:29:42,400 --> 00:29:44,479
Speaker 1: And also, you know, this would also mean that they

564
00:29:44,520 --> 00:29:47,960
Speaker 1: ship itself would be more resilient to damage, it would

565
00:29:47,960 --> 00:29:52,800
Speaker 1: be stronger. So normally you would season would over several

566
00:29:52,840 --> 00:29:55,520
Speaker 1: months because you don't want to take too long. Usually

567
00:29:55,560 --> 00:29:57,880
Speaker 1: these ships when they're being built, they're being built for

568
00:29:57,880 --> 00:30:00,480
Speaker 1: a specific purpose. Yeah, yeah, you've got an order out

569
00:30:00,480 --> 00:30:01,640
Speaker 1: and so it kind of needs to be filled in

570
00:30:01,680 --> 00:30:04,280
Speaker 1: a certain period of time. Maybe maybe war is going

571
00:30:04,320 --> 00:30:07,760
Speaker 1: on or war is imminent, and so there's a there's

572
00:30:07,200 --> 00:30:11,120
Speaker 1: a very strong incentive to get this thing built. But

573
00:30:11,160 --> 00:30:13,239
Speaker 1: in this case, the wood wound up being seasoned over

574
00:30:13,280 --> 00:30:16,640
Speaker 1: a period of several years. Yeah, because peace broke out. Yeah,

575
00:30:16,680 --> 00:30:19,080
Speaker 1: I know, it's so irritating. You're sitting there, you're like, oh, man,

576
00:30:19,160 --> 00:30:23,600
Speaker 1: twelve ships of the line. Peace breaks out, and then

577
00:30:23,640 --> 00:30:26,280
Speaker 1: suddenly everyone's like, well, a bunch of workers just ticking

578
00:30:26,280 --> 00:30:28,600
Speaker 1: the desk. No need for us to build that. There's

579
00:30:28,600 --> 00:30:30,880
Speaker 1: no no rush now, might as well just leave that

580
00:30:30,920 --> 00:30:33,960
Speaker 1: wood under the canvas. So it's seasoned for three years

581
00:30:33,960 --> 00:30:37,280
Speaker 1: as opposed to six months. So it was well and

582
00:30:37,320 --> 00:30:41,680
Speaker 1: truly seasoned by the time the Victory construction started up again,

583
00:30:41,840 --> 00:30:44,200
Speaker 1: and it meant that the ship, when it was fully built,

584
00:30:44,800 --> 00:30:46,840
Speaker 1: was much more resilient than it would have been if

585
00:30:46,880 --> 00:30:48,680
Speaker 1: they had just been seasoned for a few months. So

586
00:30:48,760 --> 00:30:51,960
Speaker 1: it ended up being a great thing for the ship, um,

587
00:30:52,000 --> 00:30:54,680
Speaker 1: even though I'm sure the people who were designing it

588
00:30:54,720 --> 00:30:58,200
Speaker 1: and building it and paying for it were a little irritated. Now,

589
00:30:58,320 --> 00:31:00,880
Speaker 1: the upper deck has a lot of nails in it.

590
00:31:00,920 --> 00:31:03,080
Speaker 1: You know, you gotta you gotta hammer down all the

591
00:31:03,120 --> 00:31:05,680
Speaker 1: planks so that it's a sturdy place for people to

592
00:31:06,120 --> 00:31:10,880
Speaker 1: people and cannons to travel across. So that means that

593
00:31:10,920 --> 00:31:12,840
Speaker 1: you had to have a lot of nails. And I

594
00:31:12,920 --> 00:31:16,280
Speaker 1: thought was fascinating that the if you were to take

595
00:31:16,320 --> 00:31:18,680
Speaker 1: all the iron and copper nails out of the upper deck,

596
00:31:18,760 --> 00:31:21,040
Speaker 1: first of all, the British would be so mad at you,

597
00:31:21,320 --> 00:31:24,480
Speaker 1: super super man, like you just took the top of

598
00:31:24,520 --> 00:31:27,280
Speaker 1: our boat. Uh, your ship. I know it's a ship,

599
00:31:27,600 --> 00:31:31,680
Speaker 1: but it would be two tons of iron and copper

600
00:31:31,760 --> 00:31:34,760
Speaker 1: nails just just for that upper deck now the bottom

601
00:31:34,800 --> 00:31:39,080
Speaker 1: of the hole here. Yeah, it's coated in more copper sheeting.

602
00:31:39,200 --> 00:31:41,760
Speaker 1: Well okay, originally it was coated in a mixture of

603
00:31:41,800 --> 00:31:44,440
Speaker 1: oil and brimstone, and this was in order to keep

604
00:31:44,600 --> 00:31:47,200
Speaker 1: stuff like barnacles off of the sides of the ship

605
00:31:47,240 --> 00:31:50,480
Speaker 1: to prevent damage to it um. Eventually, in sight that

606
00:31:50,520 --> 00:31:54,360
Speaker 1: would be replaced by a coating of copper sheeting to

607
00:31:54,360 --> 00:31:57,800
Speaker 1: to really keep the um the ship worms out of it,

608
00:31:57,800 --> 00:32:02,440
Speaker 1: which aren't worms at all, but rather burrowing so saltwater clams. Yeah, nobody,

609
00:32:02,520 --> 00:32:05,720
Speaker 1: nobody wants that. No, that's that's bad news. So yeah,

610
00:32:05,760 --> 00:32:08,440
Speaker 1: I end up being a little bit, a little bit

611
00:32:08,440 --> 00:32:11,959
Speaker 1: on the expensive side. Uh. In the time that was built,

612
00:32:12,480 --> 00:32:16,840
Speaker 1: it cost sixty three thousand, one d seventy six pounds sterling,

613
00:32:17,520 --> 00:32:21,680
Speaker 1: which is now close to about twenty million pounds, which

614
00:32:21,760 --> 00:32:25,239
Speaker 1: is almost thirty four million in US dollars as of

615
00:32:25,320 --> 00:32:30,000
Speaker 1: this afternoon's exchange rates. Wow. Yeah, so not not a

616
00:32:30,120 --> 00:32:34,960
Speaker 1: cheap boat ship. So let's talk about how how how

617
00:32:34,960 --> 00:32:37,360
Speaker 1: she measures up. So she's she's two hundred twenty seven

618
00:32:37,360 --> 00:32:40,920
Speaker 1: feet long, which is uh sixty nine and she's fifty

619
00:32:40,960 --> 00:32:43,480
Speaker 1: one ft ten inches wide at our widest point, which

620
00:32:43,480 --> 00:32:47,320
Speaker 1: is nearly sixteen meters. And if you wanted to completely

621
00:32:47,360 --> 00:32:50,600
Speaker 1: deck out this ship, like you wanted every single post filled,

622
00:32:51,160 --> 00:32:53,720
Speaker 1: how many people would would it be? Eight hundred and

623
00:32:53,760 --> 00:32:57,960
Speaker 1: twenty one? That one would be the captain ah or

624
00:32:58,080 --> 00:33:00,640
Speaker 1: Nelson for when it was his fly ship. But yeah,

625
00:33:00,640 --> 00:33:02,520
Speaker 1: eight hundred and twenty one. So that means that you

626
00:33:02,520 --> 00:33:06,719
Speaker 1: would actually divide that up into UM two four hundred

627
00:33:06,720 --> 00:33:10,520
Speaker 1: and sixty men for a shift, and then the rest

628
00:33:10,560 --> 00:33:13,560
Speaker 1: would be taking care of the ship. So we'll talk

629
00:33:13,560 --> 00:33:15,960
Speaker 1: about that in a little bit too. Because the life

630
00:33:15,960 --> 00:33:19,880
Speaker 1: aboard a ship was special, y'all. So she was designed

631
00:33:19,880 --> 00:33:23,440
Speaker 1: to carry one hundred cannons on three gun decks, so

632
00:33:23,560 --> 00:33:26,640
Speaker 1: doing doing one better for him. The eighth ships three

633
00:33:26,640 --> 00:33:28,680
Speaker 1: gun decks, So you had the weather deck, the top deck,

634
00:33:28,800 --> 00:33:30,720
Speaker 1: that one had some guns, then you had the next

635
00:33:30,720 --> 00:33:33,840
Speaker 1: deck down the mid gun deck, and then next the

636
00:33:33,880 --> 00:33:36,680
Speaker 1: one down was the lower gun deck. And they also

637
00:33:37,160 --> 00:33:39,040
Speaker 1: if you looked at the gun decks, the heavier guns

638
00:33:39,040 --> 00:33:42,160
Speaker 1: are on the lowest gun deck. Yeah, except for the

639
00:33:42,680 --> 00:33:45,080
Speaker 1: two heaviest of them all, but I'll talk about those

640
00:33:45,240 --> 00:33:49,000
Speaker 1: special in the second. So total, she had a hundred

641
00:33:49,000 --> 00:33:51,160
Speaker 1: four guns during the battle at Trafalgar, So she had

642
00:33:51,200 --> 00:33:54,480
Speaker 1: the the you know, the hundred cannons plus four. Her

643
00:33:54,520 --> 00:33:57,680
Speaker 1: first broadside during that battle would have weighed one point

644
00:33:57,760 --> 00:34:01,200
Speaker 1: twenty five tons. So if you added up all the

645
00:34:01,280 --> 00:34:03,600
Speaker 1: shot that came out of that broadside, that's how heavy

646
00:34:03,600 --> 00:34:07,000
Speaker 1: it would be. And it was actually a greater armament

647
00:34:07,080 --> 00:34:09,440
Speaker 1: on board that ship than was used by the entire

648
00:34:09,520 --> 00:34:12,680
Speaker 1: British army during the Battle of Waterloo. So if you

649
00:34:12,719 --> 00:34:16,239
Speaker 1: looked at all the artillery that they used, that was

650
00:34:16,360 --> 00:34:19,520
Speaker 1: dwarfed by what was on this one ship. Okay, but

651
00:34:19,560 --> 00:34:22,120
Speaker 1: you said that there were different types of cannons on it, right, Yeah,

652
00:34:22,160 --> 00:34:24,480
Speaker 1: So you often will hear about cannons being referred to

653
00:34:24,560 --> 00:34:27,520
Speaker 1: as as a certain like number and then called pounder.

654
00:34:27,920 --> 00:34:31,240
Speaker 1: And that's not the pound weight of the cannon at all,

655
00:34:31,280 --> 00:34:32,960
Speaker 1: because I mean, because some of them are like thirty

656
00:34:32,960 --> 00:34:36,160
Speaker 1: two pounders. Yeah, pounder. You're like, well that that cannon

657
00:34:36,200 --> 00:34:41,400
Speaker 1: doesn't sound I could carry a thirty two pound cannon. Yeah, No,

658
00:34:41,600 --> 00:34:44,080
Speaker 1: thirty two pounder refers to the weight of the shot

659
00:34:44,280 --> 00:34:46,759
Speaker 1: being used, not the weight of the cannon. So the

660
00:34:46,800 --> 00:34:50,399
Speaker 1: cannon was weighing more like three point five tons now

661
00:34:50,400 --> 00:34:52,279
Speaker 1: that you put them on a carriage. So they would

662
00:34:52,280 --> 00:34:55,279
Speaker 1: actually be on a on a thing that has wheels, right,

663
00:34:55,640 --> 00:34:57,840
Speaker 1: it would have like two wheels in it or four wheels,

664
00:34:57,840 --> 00:35:00,160
Speaker 1: and be on this carriage, and the carriage it's off

665
00:35:00,160 --> 00:35:03,000
Speaker 1: would be secured to the ship by giant ropes. Because

666
00:35:03,000 --> 00:35:05,120
Speaker 1: here's the thing. When you fire a cannon, you get

667
00:35:05,160 --> 00:35:08,920
Speaker 1: that opposite reaction and the cannon rolls backward, right, So

668
00:35:08,960 --> 00:35:11,280
Speaker 1: the ropes have to be there otherwise the cannon rolls

669
00:35:11,320 --> 00:35:13,839
Speaker 1: all yeah, yeah, you just lost half your crew because

670
00:35:13,840 --> 00:35:18,280
Speaker 1: you fired a gun. Um, So the thirty two pounders

671
00:35:18,320 --> 00:35:20,560
Speaker 1: were firing thirty pound shot. Those were on the lower

672
00:35:20,600 --> 00:35:22,839
Speaker 1: gun deck. So your mid gun deck had twenty four

673
00:35:22,840 --> 00:35:25,800
Speaker 1: pounder guns and the upper deck had the twelve pounder guns.

674
00:35:25,800 --> 00:35:29,720
Speaker 1: But then you had the two biggins. They were smashers.

675
00:35:29,760 --> 00:35:34,080
Speaker 1: These were sixty eight pounders. They fired shot that weighed

676
00:35:34,320 --> 00:35:37,880
Speaker 1: sixty eight pounds. They were meant to be used at

677
00:35:37,920 --> 00:35:40,240
Speaker 1: the very four of the ship when you were amy

678
00:35:40,360 --> 00:35:42,360
Speaker 1: like you were heading toward a ship, so that you

679
00:35:42,360 --> 00:35:46,160
Speaker 1: could just completely decimate that thing before you even get there.

680
00:35:46,760 --> 00:35:48,880
Speaker 1: And I know, decimate means that I would only really

681
00:35:49,160 --> 00:35:53,080
Speaker 1: eliminate ten percent of the ship. They would colloquially decimate,

682
00:35:53,120 --> 00:35:57,440
Speaker 1: thank you. So shooting one of these guns was an

683
00:35:57,440 --> 00:36:01,440
Speaker 1: incredibly complex affair. You had had a crew of six

684
00:36:01,880 --> 00:36:05,279
Speaker 1: per cannon, and each person on that crew had a

685
00:36:05,360 --> 00:36:08,440
Speaker 1: very specific duty, and they would be numbered actually numbers

686
00:36:08,440 --> 00:36:12,400
Speaker 1: one through six rather than names, because in battle you

687
00:36:12,480 --> 00:36:14,400
Speaker 1: really can't hear a whole lot, so you wanted to

688
00:36:14,440 --> 00:36:18,080
Speaker 1: simplify things as much as so. Number one would be

689
00:36:18,200 --> 00:36:20,960
Speaker 1: the person whose job it is to aim and fire

690
00:36:21,160 --> 00:36:24,239
Speaker 1: the cannon, and then you had people whose job it

691
00:36:24,360 --> 00:36:27,000
Speaker 1: was to raise or lower the barrel of the cannon

692
00:36:27,040 --> 00:36:29,600
Speaker 1: with a spike. Uh. They would be on either side,

693
00:36:29,600 --> 00:36:30,880
Speaker 1: and one of them would be number two and the

694
00:36:30,880 --> 00:36:33,040
Speaker 1: other one would be number five because you numbered them

695
00:36:33,080 --> 00:36:35,960
Speaker 1: by the by going around the cannon, So two and

696
00:36:36,040 --> 00:36:38,920
Speaker 1: five they were in charge of adjusting the height of

697
00:36:38,920 --> 00:36:40,520
Speaker 1: the barrel, and they had to use spikes to do

698
00:36:40,560 --> 00:36:42,400
Speaker 1: it because otherwise, you know, you have to have the leverage.

699
00:36:42,440 --> 00:36:43,960
Speaker 1: You would never be able to lift this on your own.

700
00:36:44,640 --> 00:36:47,000
Speaker 1: Then you had a person whose job it was to

701
00:36:47,160 --> 00:36:51,400
Speaker 1: sponge the gun so or well, actually number three technically

702
00:36:51,400 --> 00:36:53,240
Speaker 1: would be the person loading it, so they'd be loading

703
00:36:53,280 --> 00:36:55,120
Speaker 1: it with the shot and with the powder. But then

704
00:36:55,200 --> 00:36:58,360
Speaker 1: number four would be sponging the gun. Sponging means that

705
00:36:58,440 --> 00:37:01,920
Speaker 1: you would use a wet sponge to plunge down the

706
00:37:01,920 --> 00:37:04,640
Speaker 1: barrel of the cannon after you had just fired it.

707
00:37:04,920 --> 00:37:07,400
Speaker 1: The reason for this would be to extinguish any still

708
00:37:07,440 --> 00:37:10,920
Speaker 1: burning gunpowder, because you want to load the next powder

709
00:37:10,920 --> 00:37:12,480
Speaker 1: in for the next shot, and if you did it

710
00:37:12,520 --> 00:37:15,600
Speaker 1: while there was still something burning there, you could prettymaturely. Yeah,

711
00:37:15,640 --> 00:37:17,799
Speaker 1: so then you just lose that powder. Plus you could

712
00:37:17,800 --> 00:37:21,080
Speaker 1: possibly end up seriously injuring or killing someone on your crew.

713
00:37:21,560 --> 00:37:23,520
Speaker 1: So this was a very important part of it. And

714
00:37:23,560 --> 00:37:26,720
Speaker 1: then you had the powder monkey. Powder monkey was usually

715
00:37:26,719 --> 00:37:29,360
Speaker 1: a kid, usually one of the youngest members of the crew,

716
00:37:29,920 --> 00:37:33,040
Speaker 1: usually small and quick, and their job was to run

717
00:37:33,080 --> 00:37:36,560
Speaker 1: down to where the all the all the the the

718
00:37:36,600 --> 00:37:40,040
Speaker 1: powder was kept exactly so that was their job, was

719
00:37:40,080 --> 00:37:43,480
Speaker 1: to make sure that the cannon was still having enough powder.

720
00:37:43,480 --> 00:37:45,160
Speaker 1: And it didn't, then they had to run down and

721
00:37:45,200 --> 00:37:49,320
Speaker 1: grab some more. So, yeah, you would fire this this cannon,

722
00:37:49,360 --> 00:37:51,919
Speaker 1: you would actually uh, it would rock it back. After

723
00:37:51,960 --> 00:37:54,960
Speaker 1: it was fired, you would have the sponger sponge it

724
00:37:55,040 --> 00:37:58,120
Speaker 1: really quickly to extinguish anything. You would have the loader

725
00:37:58,200 --> 00:38:00,279
Speaker 1: loaded up and then you would have to have the

726
00:38:00,320 --> 00:38:04,400
Speaker 1: whole crew pushing this three and a half ton carriage

727
00:38:04,719 --> 00:38:07,239
Speaker 1: to move it back into position out the gun ports

728
00:38:07,280 --> 00:38:09,040
Speaker 1: so you could fire it again. Now, if you were

729
00:38:09,080 --> 00:38:11,120
Speaker 1: on the top deck, the weather deck, you didn't have

730
00:38:11,160 --> 00:38:12,799
Speaker 1: to move and over it. At a gunport, you just

731
00:38:12,840 --> 00:38:15,640
Speaker 1: had to get it over, get it to the starting point. Yeah,

732
00:38:15,800 --> 00:38:17,640
Speaker 1: so you would still have to move it, but it

733
00:38:17,640 --> 00:38:20,360
Speaker 1: wouldn't be like trying to aim for the little gunport anymore.

734
00:38:20,880 --> 00:38:24,879
Speaker 1: And these different types of shot, yeah, including cannonballs. Yep.

735
00:38:24,960 --> 00:38:27,480
Speaker 1: That's so do damage to the whole of the enemy

736
00:38:27,520 --> 00:38:30,239
Speaker 1: ships or possibly a fort if you're aiming at that

737
00:38:30,239 --> 00:38:33,680
Speaker 1: that kind of thing. Bar shot, Yeah, that's to take

738
00:38:33,680 --> 00:38:36,680
Speaker 1: out rigging. So rigging is the stuff that I think

739
00:38:36,719 --> 00:38:39,680
Speaker 1: of it like tension wires that help hold a mast up.

740
00:38:39,719 --> 00:38:42,080
Speaker 1: If you've ever seen the stuff that people are quickly

741
00:38:42,120 --> 00:38:44,520
Speaker 1: climbing up and it looks like a little like a

742
00:38:44,560 --> 00:38:47,239
Speaker 1: cargo net type thing, that's the rigging. And the rigging

743
00:38:47,320 --> 00:38:50,359
Speaker 1: is designed so it distributes the forces that are put

744
00:38:50,360 --> 00:38:53,640
Speaker 1: against a mast, particularly when the sales are unfurled, so

745
00:38:53,680 --> 00:38:56,879
Speaker 1: that it doesn't snap in half. So yeah, that that

746
00:38:56,920 --> 00:39:00,680
Speaker 1: bar shot destroys rigging and sales too. Shot as well.

747
00:39:01,200 --> 00:39:04,160
Speaker 1: Chain shot super nasty. So imagine two balls with a

748
00:39:04,280 --> 00:39:07,799
Speaker 1: chain connecting them. It would fly out and hit things

749
00:39:07,840 --> 00:39:11,359
Speaker 1: like a mast and end up splintering the masks. So

750
00:39:11,440 --> 00:39:13,520
Speaker 1: you can knock a mass down in a single hit

751
00:39:13,560 --> 00:39:16,600
Speaker 1: if it was aimed just right, or you know, cut

752
00:39:16,719 --> 00:39:19,000
Speaker 1: like three or four sailors in half. That could happen

753
00:39:19,040 --> 00:39:22,600
Speaker 1: to Yeah, grape shot was it was the other great

754
00:39:22,600 --> 00:39:25,680
Speaker 1: thing for killing a lot of people. Yeah. It's essentially shotgun,

755
00:39:26,480 --> 00:39:28,480
Speaker 1: a shotgun blast, and it's just for a cannon, so

756
00:39:28,520 --> 00:39:32,520
Speaker 1: you've got lots of little, little bit little bits. Uh.

757
00:39:32,760 --> 00:39:35,320
Speaker 1: These are also what those smashers that I talked about,

758
00:39:35,360 --> 00:39:38,359
Speaker 1: they would often be loaded with grape shot because you're

759
00:39:38,400 --> 00:39:41,600
Speaker 1: on the forecastle. Yeah, you're at a good high angle

760
00:39:41,719 --> 00:39:43,799
Speaker 1: you at down to the other ship and you just

761
00:39:44,520 --> 00:39:46,879
Speaker 1: wipe out the people who are on it. Yeah, it's

762
00:39:47,280 --> 00:39:50,080
Speaker 1: I mean, it's war. It's a brutal business. So yeah,

763
00:39:50,239 --> 00:39:54,040
Speaker 1: definitely tough stuff. So uh so, okay, so down in

764
00:39:54,160 --> 00:39:57,759
Speaker 1: those sleeping quarters, yeah, uh so, I mean did they

765
00:39:57,760 --> 00:40:01,160
Speaker 1: have enough room to have everyone, I mean, all eighty

766
00:40:01,200 --> 00:40:03,440
Speaker 1: one people asleep in there at the same time. Well,

767
00:40:03,480 --> 00:40:07,680
Speaker 1: first of all, the admiral has his own room, right, No,

768
00:40:07,760 --> 00:40:09,600
Speaker 1: they did not. That's a good question, but no, they

769
00:40:09,600 --> 00:40:11,120
Speaker 1: did not. Know. What they would do is they would

770
00:40:11,160 --> 00:40:13,080
Speaker 1: sleep in shifts. Uh yeah, and most you would have

771
00:40:13,120 --> 00:40:15,600
Speaker 1: four hundred and sixty people asleep there. When they were eating,

772
00:40:15,600 --> 00:40:18,560
Speaker 1: you might have six hundred people in there. Uh. So

773
00:40:18,719 --> 00:40:22,560
Speaker 1: the gun decks served as the crew sleeping quarters. So

774
00:40:22,840 --> 00:40:25,000
Speaker 1: you didn't have any room to waste on one of

775
00:40:25,000 --> 00:40:27,760
Speaker 1: these ships. So the crew did not have dedicated rooms

776
00:40:27,760 --> 00:40:30,560
Speaker 1: to sleep. Yeah, it was not like a little well

777
00:40:30,640 --> 00:40:33,359
Speaker 1: here's your state room, that wasn't it. And and there

778
00:40:33,400 --> 00:40:35,239
Speaker 1: was a huge scramble to to get everything out of

779
00:40:35,239 --> 00:40:37,160
Speaker 1: the way. Whenever you had to roll the cannons, you

780
00:40:37,200 --> 00:40:39,279
Speaker 1: had to clear the decks. You had to immediately clear him.

781
00:40:39,280 --> 00:40:40,960
Speaker 1: So the way it would typically work is that if

782
00:40:41,000 --> 00:40:43,399
Speaker 1: you wanted to go to sleep and it was your

783
00:40:43,440 --> 00:40:46,360
Speaker 1: time to sleep, you would sling your hammock on the

784
00:40:46,840 --> 00:40:50,120
Speaker 1: gun deck and you were allotted twenty one inches for

785
00:40:50,280 --> 00:40:54,080
Speaker 1: your hammock and no more. So don't complain about cruise ships, y'all. Yeah,

786
00:40:54,200 --> 00:40:56,960
Speaker 1: no talk about And then these were all interconnected type

787
00:40:56,960 --> 00:40:59,880
Speaker 1: hammocks too, so you were like shoulder to shoulder with

788
00:41:00,040 --> 00:41:04,600
Speaker 1: people next to you. Um. Also, there's no ventilation down there, uh,

789
00:41:04,640 --> 00:41:09,919
Speaker 1: and very little light, so dark, stuffy, filled with men

790
00:41:10,560 --> 00:41:13,640
Speaker 1: on in hammocks. If if Pirates of the Caribbean is

791
00:41:13,640 --> 00:41:16,680
Speaker 1: sounding less and less sexy to you, it should non

792
00:41:16,760 --> 00:41:21,000
Speaker 1: accurate representation of what naval life is really like. Um. Also, yeah,

793
00:41:21,000 --> 00:41:23,360
Speaker 1: there's no way you could. You'd have to have a

794
00:41:23,400 --> 00:41:25,439
Speaker 1: crew like three times the sides of any of these ships.

795
00:41:25,480 --> 00:41:28,000
Speaker 1: But anyway, very few of them were Johnny Depps. Yeah no,

796
00:41:28,480 --> 00:41:30,680
Speaker 1: and even the Johnny Depp ones, they were just Johnny

797
00:41:30,719 --> 00:41:35,439
Speaker 1: Depp for that time, much lower standards back then anyway. Um. Yeah,

798
00:41:35,480 --> 00:41:38,680
Speaker 1: So you would have this really close space, closed in

799
00:41:38,800 --> 00:41:41,120
Speaker 1: space where all of them would be sleeping at a time,

800
00:41:41,160 --> 00:41:43,520
Speaker 1: like the all of them being four and sixty of them,

801
00:41:43,840 --> 00:41:46,680
Speaker 1: or if it was time to mess to eat, you

802
00:41:46,680 --> 00:41:49,000
Speaker 1: would have six hundred at a time. You would have

803
00:41:49,080 --> 00:41:51,880
Speaker 1: messmates that would be about eight to twelve crew members

804
00:41:51,920 --> 00:41:54,359
Speaker 1: that you would count. Those are the people you eat with,

805
00:41:54,800 --> 00:41:58,400
Speaker 1: And the duty of the person to cook would rotate

806
00:41:58,560 --> 00:42:01,480
Speaker 1: through the messmates. So on a particular day, it might

807
00:42:01,480 --> 00:42:03,920
Speaker 1: be your day to cook for your messmates, and the

808
00:42:03,960 --> 00:42:07,120
Speaker 1: ship's cook would oversee all of that. So the ship's

809
00:42:07,120 --> 00:42:09,480
Speaker 1: cook's job was really to make sure that nobody messed

810
00:42:09,480 --> 00:42:13,200
Speaker 1: with the galley and burned down the ship, because anytime

811
00:42:13,200 --> 00:42:15,520
Speaker 1: you're using any kind of heat on board the ship,

812
00:42:15,600 --> 00:42:21,359
Speaker 1: and yeah, so not not comfortable, not luxurious at all.

813
00:42:21,440 --> 00:42:23,600
Speaker 1: Now that the admiral's story a little different, but we'll

814
00:42:23,600 --> 00:42:26,120
Speaker 1: talk about that in a second. If you happen to

815
00:42:26,160 --> 00:42:29,520
Speaker 1: get injured, uh not sick, they did have a sick

816
00:42:29,600 --> 00:42:32,960
Speaker 1: quarters area, which was not a popular place to be

817
00:42:33,560 --> 00:42:36,080
Speaker 1: when you were sick. You didn't get your rum ration

818
00:42:36,200 --> 00:42:37,920
Speaker 1: for one thing, so a lot of people when they

819
00:42:37,960 --> 00:42:43,000
Speaker 1: got sick wouldn't report to Yeah, you know, you don't

820
00:42:43,000 --> 00:42:45,200
Speaker 1: want to get out of your rum so well, you know,

821
00:42:45,360 --> 00:42:47,040
Speaker 1: I mean. And the thing was that that you know

822
00:42:47,080 --> 00:42:50,120
Speaker 1: you you didn't get water on chips, no, because water

823
00:42:50,160 --> 00:42:52,160
Speaker 1: would go bad. I mean they would. They would keep

824
00:42:52,200 --> 00:42:54,279
Speaker 1: water as much as they could, but they would have

825
00:42:54,320 --> 00:42:57,759
Speaker 1: to freshen it all the time because the water would

826
00:42:57,760 --> 00:43:00,400
Speaker 1: get scummy and nasty. So they end up using beer

827
00:43:00,480 --> 00:43:02,279
Speaker 1: most of the time instead. So each say there was

828
00:43:02,960 --> 00:43:06,319
Speaker 1: given a ration of a gallon of beer a day

829
00:43:06,800 --> 00:43:10,080
Speaker 1: and about um, I think a half pint of rama day.

830
00:43:10,120 --> 00:43:12,080
Speaker 1: But you would get it like a quarter at a time,

831
00:43:12,400 --> 00:43:13,880
Speaker 1: and to be fair, at that point in history, a

832
00:43:13,880 --> 00:43:16,480
Speaker 1: lot of people were drinking more alcohol than water because

833
00:43:16,560 --> 00:43:19,960
Speaker 1: it was a much cleaner way of getting a nutrients

834
00:43:20,000 --> 00:43:24,240
Speaker 1: and be liquid. Yeah. So if you need to have surgery,

835
00:43:24,920 --> 00:43:26,799
Speaker 1: you have surgery, you go to the or lop deck.

836
00:43:27,280 --> 00:43:30,839
Speaker 1: Surgery was pretty much which limb do you need lopped off?

837
00:43:30,960 --> 00:43:35,200
Speaker 1: That was pretty much the extent of surgery. Um. Picture

838
00:43:35,360 --> 00:43:37,680
Speaker 1: is so romantic. Yeah, but then you're able to tell

839
00:43:37,719 --> 00:43:40,160
Speaker 1: your part from the starboard. Uh, and then you had

840
00:43:40,200 --> 00:43:43,360
Speaker 1: the the the actual construction of the ship. But she

841
00:43:43,400 --> 00:43:46,839
Speaker 1: had three masts and a bow sprit, so each mast

842
00:43:46,960 --> 00:43:52,920
Speaker 1: required seven trees to put one mast together. Yeah. Yeah,

843
00:43:52,920 --> 00:43:55,480
Speaker 1: they were bound together with these iron hoops and hundreds

844
00:43:55,520 --> 00:43:59,040
Speaker 1: of yards of ropes. Originally they were um, they were

845
00:43:59,600 --> 00:44:02,480
Speaker 1: larger than that. They weren't seven trees bound together. But

846
00:44:02,920 --> 00:44:05,840
Speaker 1: this was a construction that was implemented later on in

847
00:44:05,880 --> 00:44:09,400
Speaker 1: the ship's life. And I understand that the tops of

848
00:44:09,440 --> 00:44:11,279
Speaker 1: the mass were actually made of a different type of

849
00:44:11,280 --> 00:44:14,239
Speaker 1: wood very specific reason. Yeah, fur and pine, because they're

850
00:44:14,280 --> 00:44:17,279
Speaker 1: so light and springy, so they wouldn't snap in the

851
00:44:17,320 --> 00:44:20,080
Speaker 1: heavy winds. They would they would bend with them. You

852
00:44:20,120 --> 00:44:24,080
Speaker 1: had twenty seven miles of rigging that's that supportive rope

853
00:44:24,120 --> 00:44:26,680
Speaker 1: structure I was talking about earlier that keeps the masts

854
00:44:27,280 --> 00:44:30,320
Speaker 1: UH safe by distributing those forces across the deck of

855
00:44:30,400 --> 00:44:33,240
Speaker 1: the ship. And then we can talk about the sales.

856
00:44:33,680 --> 00:44:36,959
Speaker 1: Have had a lot of sales for for acres worth

857
00:44:37,000 --> 00:44:39,560
Speaker 1: of canvas. Yeah, yeah, that's a lot of sales. And

858
00:44:39,680 --> 00:44:42,600
Speaker 1: this was all hand woven, y'all. Yeah, it took something

859
00:44:42,600 --> 00:44:46,960
Speaker 1: like I read that one sale, one of the largest sales,

860
00:44:47,000 --> 00:44:51,440
Speaker 1: took twelve hundred man hours to finish sewing. So that's incredible.

861
00:44:51,960 --> 00:44:56,200
Speaker 1: They had um so thirty seven sales total six thousand

862
00:44:56,280 --> 00:45:00,719
Speaker 1: five D square yards or five thousand four D square meters.

863
00:45:00,719 --> 00:45:04,200
Speaker 1: An additional twenty three brought on board just in case. Yeah,

864
00:45:04,280 --> 00:45:05,719
Speaker 1: you know, you might have to replace a sale, you

865
00:45:05,760 --> 00:45:08,319
Speaker 1: have to repair one or swap one out, so you know,

866
00:45:08,520 --> 00:45:11,200
Speaker 1: anything could happen, So twenty three extra sales, lots of

867
00:45:11,239 --> 00:45:13,920
Speaker 1: canvas on board that ship. They also had twenty six

868
00:45:14,000 --> 00:45:16,640
Speaker 1: miles of rope. Although when you're on board a ship,

869
00:45:16,719 --> 00:45:19,960
Speaker 1: you don't call it rope, you call it line. You

870
00:45:20,000 --> 00:45:21,799
Speaker 1: pick up that line, you don't pick up the rope.

871
00:45:21,840 --> 00:45:25,160
Speaker 1: I once got yelled at we're talking about coiling rope

872
00:45:25,360 --> 00:45:28,880
Speaker 1: and that's not rope, that's line. But I often use

873
00:45:28,960 --> 00:45:31,560
Speaker 1: the wrong lingo in whatever situation I'm in. So I

874
00:45:31,600 --> 00:45:34,960
Speaker 1: am a land lover. I mean I love boats and ships.

875
00:45:35,120 --> 00:45:39,800
Speaker 1: I love all the lingo. But I'm certainly no sea salt. No.

876
00:45:40,040 --> 00:45:42,520
Speaker 1: I just just just someone who appreciates it. So, the

877
00:45:42,640 --> 00:45:46,839
Speaker 1: largest rope or line aboard this ship was built for

878
00:45:46,920 --> 00:45:49,680
Speaker 1: the anchor, which makes sense, right, So you want that

879
00:45:49,680 --> 00:45:52,560
Speaker 1: to be pretty strong shirt, Yeah, like a like Hulk

880
00:45:52,640 --> 00:45:57,680
Speaker 1: Hogan's pythons. It was nineteen inches in circumference. It's a

881
00:45:57,719 --> 00:46:01,279
Speaker 1: big rope. Continue. Yeah, So what you're gonna do when

882
00:46:01,320 --> 00:46:05,960
Speaker 1: the HMS Victory's anchor line goes wild over you? I

883
00:46:05,960 --> 00:46:09,280
Speaker 1: guess not everything works in Hulk Hogan type of metaphors.

884
00:46:09,320 --> 00:46:11,120
Speaker 1: By the way, if you wonder how big nineteen inches

885
00:46:11,239 --> 00:46:14,840
Speaker 1: is in metric, we're talking for cimes. Now, if you

886
00:46:14,880 --> 00:46:17,560
Speaker 1: wanted to go to full sale where you're unfrolling all

887
00:46:17,600 --> 00:46:20,120
Speaker 1: the sales necessary to go as fast as you possibly can,

888
00:46:20,160 --> 00:46:22,680
Speaker 1: by the way, you don't under correct wind conditions because

889
00:46:22,680 --> 00:46:24,399
Speaker 1: you don't want to just do that at any old time,

890
00:46:24,480 --> 00:46:27,040
Speaker 1: because because the thing is is that if you catch

891
00:46:27,080 --> 00:46:29,320
Speaker 1: too much wind in your sails, you're going to potentially

892
00:46:29,440 --> 00:46:32,719
Speaker 1: damage your masts or or the rigging that's supporting the mass. Right,

893
00:46:32,760 --> 00:46:36,400
Speaker 1: you don't necessarily like to go faster. It all depends

894
00:46:36,440 --> 00:46:39,680
Speaker 1: upon what the situation is. You don't necessarily need to

895
00:46:39,760 --> 00:46:42,319
Speaker 1: unfroll every single sale and then you go faster. It

896
00:46:42,320 --> 00:46:44,719
Speaker 1: doesn't work that way. All depends upon the strength of

897
00:46:44,719 --> 00:46:47,000
Speaker 1: the wind and the winds direction. But if you wanted

898
00:46:47,000 --> 00:46:51,280
Speaker 1: to go full sail, so however you want to interpret that, Um,

899
00:46:51,680 --> 00:46:54,320
Speaker 1: that was a big deal. I mean if you're especially

900
00:46:54,320 --> 00:46:57,720
Speaker 1: if you're going from you know, complete standstill the full sale.

901
00:46:57,880 --> 00:47:00,359
Speaker 1: It took a hundred and twenty crew members in order

902
00:47:00,440 --> 00:47:03,359
Speaker 1: to do it. But but but an experienced crew could

903
00:47:03,360 --> 00:47:06,399
Speaker 1: do it in six minutes. Reportedly, that's pretty incredible. It's

904
00:47:06,440 --> 00:47:08,520
Speaker 1: it's kind of like their gun crew the HMS Victory

905
00:47:08,600 --> 00:47:11,000
Speaker 1: was really proud of their gun crews who were able

906
00:47:11,080 --> 00:47:15,520
Speaker 1: to fire and reload a cannon in nineties seconds, which

907
00:47:15,560 --> 00:47:18,480
Speaker 1: is when you think about how complicated that that whole

908
00:47:18,719 --> 00:47:21,759
Speaker 1: processes and how much you have to do, it's pretty

909
00:47:21,800 --> 00:47:25,439
Speaker 1: impressive to them and a half between shots a long time. Yeah. Yeah,

910
00:47:25,520 --> 00:47:27,439
Speaker 1: I also read that they could um that they could

911
00:47:27,520 --> 00:47:30,800
Speaker 1: clear the decks and prepare the cannons for firing, and

912
00:47:30,920 --> 00:47:33,399
Speaker 1: a dead ten minutes. That's pretty incredible too, because you're

913
00:47:33,400 --> 00:47:35,959
Speaker 1: talking about having to move everything else all the way. Now, Graham,

914
00:47:36,000 --> 00:47:38,319
Speaker 1: when you were done sleeping, you had to put your

915
00:47:38,320 --> 00:47:41,080
Speaker 1: hammock up before you went on duty, you know, it was,

916
00:47:41,440 --> 00:47:42,960
Speaker 1: and some of the hammocks would be put up in

917
00:47:42,960 --> 00:47:46,280
Speaker 1: the rigging, which could actually help protect some of the

918
00:47:46,719 --> 00:47:48,680
Speaker 1: various parts of the ship should you come under fire.

919
00:47:49,120 --> 00:47:51,920
Speaker 1: But then you had the galley, which had a single stove,

920
00:47:52,640 --> 00:47:54,840
Speaker 1: one stove, and it wasn't a really big stove. You

921
00:47:54,880 --> 00:47:56,640
Speaker 1: don't want a huge stove. You don't want to again,

922
00:47:56,680 --> 00:47:58,960
Speaker 1: you don't want to have a big source of fire exactly.

923
00:47:59,680 --> 00:48:03,439
Speaker 1: It had an automatic rotating spit for roasting animals, which

924
00:48:03,480 --> 00:48:06,800
Speaker 1: was not done frequently. You could, if you were an officer,

925
00:48:07,040 --> 00:48:09,280
Speaker 1: be allowed to bring a certain number of animals aboard

926
00:48:09,400 --> 00:48:12,719
Speaker 1: to be slaughtered at your command to be served up

927
00:48:12,760 --> 00:48:16,280
Speaker 1: for dinner. Because usually you'd be eating uh, salt packed meat,

928
00:48:16,400 --> 00:48:18,239
Speaker 1: so it would be really dry and tough and you'd

929
00:48:18,239 --> 00:48:22,239
Speaker 1: be eating hard take. Yeah yeah, Hartech biscuits with lots

930
00:48:22,239 --> 00:48:23,960
Speaker 1: of weevils in it. Yeah, well, I mean the weevils

931
00:48:24,000 --> 00:48:26,080
Speaker 1: are extra protein. Right, Yeah, well you always choose the

932
00:48:26,120 --> 00:48:30,040
Speaker 1: lesser of two evils, but the the don't blame me.

933
00:48:30,120 --> 00:48:34,440
Speaker 1: Patrick O'Brien wrote that joke. So the spit, you might say, well,

934
00:48:34,480 --> 00:48:36,920
Speaker 1: how was it an automatic spit? I mean, we're talking

935
00:48:36,960 --> 00:48:39,600
Speaker 1: about a ship that was made in the mid eighteenth century.

936
00:48:39,640 --> 00:48:43,680
Speaker 1: How could it be automatic? H ha clever idea. So

937
00:48:43,840 --> 00:48:45,560
Speaker 1: the stove has a chimney. You have to have a

938
00:48:45,640 --> 00:48:49,360
Speaker 1: chimney to vent the smoke, right, So in this chimney

939
00:48:49,400 --> 00:48:52,440
Speaker 1: they placed a fan so the hot air would turn

940
00:48:52,520 --> 00:48:56,000
Speaker 1: the fan. The fan was connected by pulleys to a

941
00:48:56,160 --> 00:48:59,520
Speaker 1: rotating spit, so it would end up as the fan turned,

942
00:48:59,719 --> 00:49:02,239
Speaker 1: it turned the spin spit, so you would actually have

943
00:49:02,280 --> 00:49:06,760
Speaker 1: an automatic rotating spit to cook your delicious recently slaughtered

944
00:49:06,760 --> 00:49:13,920
Speaker 1: animal on Summing vegetarian alright, so um, but no, you know,

945
00:49:13,960 --> 00:49:17,640
Speaker 1: and again luxurious treat. If you're on board a ship

946
00:49:17,680 --> 00:49:22,239
Speaker 1: you usually didn't have such such luxuries. That's pretty incredible. Um. So, yeah,

947
00:49:22,239 --> 00:49:24,520
Speaker 1: we had talked about the beer, we talked about the rum.

948
00:49:25,200 --> 00:49:28,919
Speaker 1: The victory had seven anchors of various sizes. The two

949
00:49:28,920 --> 00:49:31,160
Speaker 1: main ones were used to hold the victory's position in

950
00:49:31,239 --> 00:49:34,520
Speaker 1: deep water. And we're located on the starboard side. Um

951
00:49:34,600 --> 00:49:38,680
Speaker 1: and as we mentioned earlier, it could carry boats. Yeah,

952
00:49:38,760 --> 00:49:41,879
Speaker 1: carried not just one or two, it carried several boats,

953
00:49:41,920 --> 00:49:45,640
Speaker 1: six of them. So, first of all, no lifeboats. No

954
00:49:45,760 --> 00:49:48,960
Speaker 1: lifeboats aboard the Victory. Why because it takes too much

955
00:49:49,000 --> 00:49:51,279
Speaker 1: time to lower a lifeboat down to the water. It

956
00:49:51,360 --> 00:49:55,799
Speaker 1: just was not a possibility. So if if sailors were

957
00:49:55,840 --> 00:49:59,040
Speaker 1: to fall off the ship, it sucks to be them. Yeah,

958
00:49:59,040 --> 00:50:01,480
Speaker 1: you might get a a hammock thrown to you to

959
00:50:01,560 --> 00:50:05,040
Speaker 1: make a kind of sort of flotation device. But yeah,

960
00:50:05,200 --> 00:50:08,000
Speaker 1: and sailors were not swimmers. They most of them had

961
00:50:08,040 --> 00:50:11,160
Speaker 1: no idea how to swim. Yeah, pretty incredible life. Like,

962
00:50:11,200 --> 00:50:14,200
Speaker 1: you are trusting your life to a vessel, and if

963
00:50:14,239 --> 00:50:16,600
Speaker 1: you get off that vessel while it's a mid trip,

964
00:50:16,640 --> 00:50:19,600
Speaker 1: you're pretty much doomed to die. Okay, now that's that's cool.

965
00:50:19,640 --> 00:50:22,520
Speaker 1: I swim pretty well, and and I and I'm terrified

966
00:50:22,600 --> 00:50:24,839
Speaker 1: of the open ocean for for the reason that it's

967
00:50:24,880 --> 00:50:26,799
Speaker 1: not like solid ground, and I don't like the idea

968
00:50:26,840 --> 00:50:30,560
Speaker 1: of being able to just fall infinitely, I mean not infinitely,

969
00:50:30,640 --> 00:50:35,120
Speaker 1: but really just stopped for a while. Well yeah, but

970
00:50:35,239 --> 00:50:37,600
Speaker 1: at any rate, So these boats, six of them. There

971
00:50:37,640 --> 00:50:40,279
Speaker 1: there were. There was a launch boat, which was the

972
00:50:40,360 --> 00:50:42,400
Speaker 1: largest of all of them. It was thirty four ft

973
00:50:42,400 --> 00:50:45,040
Speaker 1: long or tin point three meters. There was a barge,

974
00:50:45,280 --> 00:50:48,359
Speaker 1: three cutters, and a pennace, so pennace is a very

975
00:50:48,400 --> 00:50:51,840
Speaker 1: small ship. Pirates used them occasionally, but normally they were

976
00:50:51,880 --> 00:50:54,040
Speaker 1: used as tender boats, and most of these were used

977
00:50:54,040 --> 00:50:56,120
Speaker 1: as tender boats, which meant that you would get people

978
00:50:56,160 --> 00:50:58,959
Speaker 1: to and from land to the ship or from another ship,

979
00:50:59,040 --> 00:51:01,040
Speaker 1: like if you if the admiral need to meet with

980
00:51:01,080 --> 00:51:04,279
Speaker 1: captains in a fleet, they would all tender over to

981
00:51:04,440 --> 00:51:07,280
Speaker 1: the usually to the admiral's flagship and have dinner aboard

982
00:51:07,320 --> 00:51:10,879
Speaker 1: the flagship. But the the other neat thing was that

983
00:51:11,000 --> 00:51:13,799
Speaker 1: if the winds were calm and you needed to move

984
00:51:13,880 --> 00:51:16,440
Speaker 1: the victory, what do you do? I mean, the victory

985
00:51:16,480 --> 00:51:20,440
Speaker 1: didn't have oars. It wasn't like a gal a galley

986
00:51:20,560 --> 00:51:22,480
Speaker 1: or anything like that. So they ended up using these

987
00:51:22,480 --> 00:51:25,200
Speaker 1: boats to tow the victory. So if the victory were

988
00:51:25,239 --> 00:51:28,280
Speaker 1: either too damaged like the sales had been in tatters,

989
00:51:28,400 --> 00:51:30,680
Speaker 1: or if the winds had been calmed, they could use

990
00:51:30,680 --> 00:51:34,120
Speaker 1: these boats, many of which did have oars, and actually tow.

991
00:51:34,160 --> 00:51:37,120
Speaker 1: It's not very fast. But it does work. Now. The

992
00:51:37,160 --> 00:51:40,040
Speaker 1: admiral's quarters we'd saved for last, and these were relatively

993
00:51:40,160 --> 00:51:43,319
Speaker 1: luxurious compared to everything else on board the ship. Not

994
00:51:43,440 --> 00:51:47,400
Speaker 1: exactly you know, staying at the ritz, but still much nicer.

995
00:51:47,680 --> 00:51:50,319
Speaker 1: So the admiral had use of the Great Cabin, which

996
00:51:50,320 --> 00:51:52,880
Speaker 1: was located under the poop deck, so it's in the

997
00:51:52,920 --> 00:51:55,680
Speaker 1: aft section of the ship, you know, the stern section,

998
00:51:56,280 --> 00:51:59,120
Speaker 1: and it took up one quarter of the upper gun

999
00:51:59,200 --> 00:52:02,520
Speaker 1: deck and had four major sections to it. So it

1000
00:52:02,640 --> 00:52:05,440
Speaker 1: had like a meeting room where the admiral could meet

1001
00:52:05,480 --> 00:52:08,440
Speaker 1: with people, had a dining room with a full dining table,

1002
00:52:09,040 --> 00:52:14,760
Speaker 1: the bedroom area he had his own um toilets. On ships,

1003
00:52:14,760 --> 00:52:17,920
Speaker 1: they're called heads. Didn't mention the head, but yeah, if

1004
00:52:17,920 --> 00:52:20,080
Speaker 1: you needed to go to the bathroom on board the

1005
00:52:20,200 --> 00:52:22,719
Speaker 1: HMS Victory and you were a common sailor, you had

1006
00:52:22,760 --> 00:52:25,640
Speaker 1: to go to the bow the ship, very front, and

1007
00:52:26,080 --> 00:52:30,840
Speaker 1: down at the bow were two benches that had holes

1008
00:52:31,600 --> 00:52:33,560
Speaker 1: in them right above the water. I've heard that this

1009
00:52:33,560 --> 00:52:35,680
Speaker 1: could be a little bit precarious to get down into

1010
00:52:35,760 --> 00:52:38,399
Speaker 1: that there was a certain amount of scrambling, a little

1011
00:52:38,400 --> 00:52:40,719
Speaker 1: bit of dexterity needed, so you know, don't hold it

1012
00:52:40,760 --> 00:52:44,560
Speaker 1: for too long, because that's just gonna make things worse. Yeah,

1013
00:52:44,640 --> 00:52:47,520
Speaker 1: you ended up having to uh to to to position

1014
00:52:47,560 --> 00:52:49,719
Speaker 1: yourself on a on a on a bench with a

1015
00:52:49,719 --> 00:52:51,919
Speaker 1: hole in it above the ocean and then do your

1016
00:52:52,360 --> 00:52:56,480
Speaker 1: duty and then climb back up to uh finished work. Now,

1017
00:52:56,600 --> 00:53:02,120
Speaker 1: the the officers were allowed to use a more secluded

1018
00:53:02,560 --> 00:53:05,320
Speaker 1: head that was on either side of the ship that

1019
00:53:05,480 --> 00:53:09,440
Speaker 1: had kind of semi privacy, not a whole lot more

1020
00:53:09,560 --> 00:53:12,160
Speaker 1: than say the bow, but a little more. First of all,

1021
00:53:12,160 --> 00:53:13,920
Speaker 1: they were the only ones allowed to use them. Then

1022
00:53:14,120 --> 00:53:17,560
Speaker 1: the admiral had two in his quarters, one on either

1023
00:53:17,600 --> 00:53:19,400
Speaker 1: side of the ship. So I guess you know he

1024
00:53:19,400 --> 00:53:20,799
Speaker 1: could hold it for as long as he wanted to do.

1025
00:53:20,840 --> 00:53:25,920
Speaker 1: And I'm closest to this one, um so uh yeah

1026
00:53:26,040 --> 00:53:30,759
Speaker 1: so and his was under the poop. Anyway, we we are.

1027
00:53:30,840 --> 00:53:33,960
Speaker 1: We are setting headshaking records in this episode. I think

1028
00:53:34,200 --> 00:53:35,880
Speaker 1: you know what, Chris Palette would be so proud of

1029
00:53:35,920 --> 00:53:38,520
Speaker 1: us right now. He would be making so many more

1030
00:53:38,560 --> 00:53:41,080
Speaker 1: poop jokes though if he were here. So, the admiral

1031
00:53:41,160 --> 00:53:44,120
Speaker 1: also had a swinging cot like he had a cut

1032
00:53:44,239 --> 00:53:47,600
Speaker 1: that was suspended from the ceiling. Uh that uh that

1033
00:53:47,719 --> 00:53:50,120
Speaker 1: he slept in it wasn't much larger than the hammocks

1034
00:53:50,120 --> 00:53:52,120
Speaker 1: that his men slept in, so it wasn't like he

1035
00:53:52,160 --> 00:53:54,719
Speaker 1: had a luxury. It's huge bed, but at least you're

1036
00:53:54,719 --> 00:53:58,280
Speaker 1: not pumping shoulders with all your exactly. And as we said,

1037
00:53:58,440 --> 00:54:01,720
Speaker 1: even the admiral's quarters would be cleared for action if

1038
00:54:01,760 --> 00:54:04,600
Speaker 1: there were some sort of battle, and cannon would be

1039
00:54:04,719 --> 00:54:07,239
Speaker 1: rolled in there and every single space would be used

1040
00:54:07,239 --> 00:54:09,080
Speaker 1: for it. So sure, sure, and you had to clear

1041
00:54:09,120 --> 00:54:12,839
Speaker 1: everything out because because it would create extra shrapnel if

1042
00:54:12,880 --> 00:54:15,959
Speaker 1: something did come in through, you didn't want any any

1043
00:54:16,000 --> 00:54:20,040
Speaker 1: extra stuff bumping around to you know, impale you Yeah, no, no,

1044
00:54:20,160 --> 00:54:24,040
Speaker 1: impaling tends to be bad. Yeah. Um. So, in around

1045
00:54:24,080 --> 00:54:27,960
Speaker 1: eighteen o three, the Victory had really large repair work

1046
00:54:28,000 --> 00:54:31,120
Speaker 1: done back at UM at Chatham, that Royal shipyard that

1047
00:54:31,160 --> 00:54:33,320
Speaker 1: we mentioned it was built in UM, during which a

1048
00:54:33,320 --> 00:54:35,160
Speaker 1: whole lot of things that we've just been talking about

1049
00:54:35,160 --> 00:54:37,840
Speaker 1: were implemented. She she had fallen into some amount of

1050
00:54:37,880 --> 00:54:42,040
Speaker 1: disrepair during the seventeen eighties or so, was refitted briefly

1051
00:54:42,040 --> 00:54:44,600
Speaker 1: as a hospital ship and very nearly ended up being

1052
00:54:44,640 --> 00:54:48,520
Speaker 1: a prison ship. UM right up until the HMS Impregnable

1053
00:54:48,960 --> 00:54:51,440
Speaker 1: was not impregnable at all. UM it was. It was

1054
00:54:51,480 --> 00:54:55,120
Speaker 1: sank in seventeen ninety nine and the Navy decided to

1055
00:54:55,160 --> 00:54:57,560
Speaker 1: send the victory and for repair. If it had not

1056
00:54:58,080 --> 00:55:02,080
Speaker 1: then then the history would be very different. So we're

1057
00:55:02,080 --> 00:55:05,120
Speaker 1: going to talk about the the probably the most famous

1058
00:55:05,320 --> 00:55:09,799
Speaker 1: moment in the victories. UH service as a ship in

1059
00:55:09,840 --> 00:55:13,120
Speaker 1: the English Navy and later the British Navy. I guess

1060
00:55:13,120 --> 00:55:14,680
Speaker 1: we could just say it the British Navy from the

1061
00:55:14,760 --> 00:55:16,960
Speaker 1: very beginning. Henry the eighth had no problem with that,

1062
00:55:18,160 --> 00:55:20,680
Speaker 1: although Scotland and Wales weren't always on board with it.

1063
00:55:21,440 --> 00:55:25,680
Speaker 1: So October twenty one, eighteen o five the Battle of Trafalgar,

1064
00:55:25,880 --> 00:55:28,960
Speaker 1: So this was the most famous action that the Victory

1065
00:55:28,960 --> 00:55:31,080
Speaker 1: played a part in. This was the one where Admiral

1066
00:55:31,120 --> 00:55:33,920
Speaker 1: Nelson led a fleet of twenty seven ships against Admiral

1067
00:55:33,960 --> 00:55:39,600
Speaker 1: Pierre Charles Villeneuve. Villeneuve had thirty three ships, so twenty

1068
00:55:39,640 --> 00:55:45,080
Speaker 1: seven verses thirty three, and Nelson very um optimistically said

1069
00:55:45,680 --> 00:55:48,400
Speaker 1: that the numbers didn't matter at all and he expected

1070
00:55:48,440 --> 00:55:52,040
Speaker 1: to take at least twenty of Villeneuve's shots in this action.

1071
00:55:52,960 --> 00:55:57,480
Speaker 1: So Nelson was given like every opportunity to protect himself

1072
00:55:58,239 --> 00:56:02,080
Speaker 1: UH and decided not to do it. Nelson was told, hey,

1073
00:56:02,160 --> 00:56:04,560
Speaker 1: you know, you can come and join this other ship

1074
00:56:04,640 --> 00:56:07,279
Speaker 1: and we can watch the battle happen, like we can

1075
00:56:07,280 --> 00:56:10,239
Speaker 1: plan everything out, but you can come join me. Yeah,

1076
00:56:10,320 --> 00:56:12,279
Speaker 1: we'll hang out and we'll see how it goes. And

1077
00:56:12,320 --> 00:56:14,200
Speaker 1: Nelson said, nope, I'm gonna be in the thick of it.

1078
00:56:14,239 --> 00:56:16,200
Speaker 1: And said, well, tell you what, why don't you put

1079
00:56:16,200 --> 00:56:19,640
Speaker 1: the victory behind this other ship and let the other

1080
00:56:19,680 --> 00:56:22,000
Speaker 1: ship be the first one into battle and us take

1081
00:56:22,040 --> 00:56:24,520
Speaker 1: the brunt of the damage, and then you'll follow right

1082
00:56:24,600 --> 00:56:27,480
Speaker 1: up behind and that way. No, Nope, victory is going

1083
00:56:27,520 --> 00:56:29,480
Speaker 1: to be right in the very front. We're gonna, you know,

1084
00:56:29,560 --> 00:56:33,200
Speaker 1: always go straight at him. That's another Patrick O'Brien quote

1085
00:56:33,400 --> 00:56:38,880
Speaker 1: attributed to Admiral Nelson. So he took command of the victory.

1086
00:56:38,920 --> 00:56:42,960
Speaker 1: He was on on deck, and they closed with the

1087
00:56:42,960 --> 00:56:44,920
Speaker 1: other ships. The other ships began to fire upon the

1088
00:56:45,000 --> 00:56:47,360
Speaker 1: Victory as soon as it got into range, and the

1089
00:56:47,440 --> 00:56:52,200
Speaker 1: Victory took several hits. Uh withstood them. I mean it

1090
00:56:52,280 --> 00:56:54,680
Speaker 1: was fine. Uh. They did start killing a lot of

1091
00:56:54,719 --> 00:56:57,920
Speaker 1: his men, though his clerk died almost immediately, his assistant

1092
00:56:57,920 --> 00:57:01,840
Speaker 1: clerk died shortly thereafter. R and then Nelson ended up

1093
00:57:01,880 --> 00:57:04,839
Speaker 1: being shot by a sharpshooter on one of the other

1094
00:57:05,239 --> 00:57:08,279
Speaker 1: on the redoubtable I believe was was the ship where

1095
00:57:08,320 --> 00:57:11,240
Speaker 1: the sharp shooter was. And and they the guy also

1096
00:57:11,280 --> 00:57:13,440
Speaker 1: that Nelson was told by the way, you don't need

1097
00:57:13,440 --> 00:57:15,640
Speaker 1: to wear your coat that has all of your your

1098
00:57:15,680 --> 00:57:18,160
Speaker 1: metals on it, because that makes you a target. Yeah,

1099
00:57:18,200 --> 00:57:21,000
Speaker 1: and he said, no, it's too late to shift coats,

1100
00:57:21,000 --> 00:57:26,240
Speaker 1: and plus these are military orders here, so I'm wearing it.

1101
00:57:26,640 --> 00:57:29,560
Speaker 1: He got shot in the chest. It hit his spine.

1102
00:57:30,360 --> 00:57:33,360
Speaker 1: He was taken to the orlop deck with a surgery deck,

1103
00:57:34,160 --> 00:57:36,480
Speaker 1: where he said that he expected he would die because

1104
00:57:36,480 --> 00:57:39,280
Speaker 1: he said he could feel blood every time his heart beat,

1105
00:57:39,280 --> 00:57:42,640
Speaker 1: he could feel blood starting to fill up his chest cavity. Uh,

1106
00:57:42,760 --> 00:57:45,600
Speaker 1: he was. He lost all feeling in his legs and

1107
00:57:45,680 --> 00:57:48,160
Speaker 1: he was getting very weak. He was feeling hot and thirsty,

1108
00:57:48,240 --> 00:57:52,440
Speaker 1: so they fanned him and brought him essentially lemonade and

1109
00:57:52,560 --> 00:57:56,040
Speaker 1: wine for him to drink. And he kept on asking

1110
00:57:56,080 --> 00:57:59,680
Speaker 1: about how the battle was going and uh so the

1111
00:57:59,720 --> 00:58:03,920
Speaker 1: battle continued above decks and uh and he held on

1112
00:58:04,000 --> 00:58:08,160
Speaker 1: for three hours after being shot. Um still wasn't entirely

1113
00:58:08,160 --> 00:58:10,360
Speaker 1: sure how the battle was going to come out. He

1114
00:58:10,400 --> 00:58:14,800
Speaker 1: had made his arrangements, telling uh, telling his crew to

1115
00:58:14,960 --> 00:58:17,200
Speaker 1: leave all of his things to his mistress back home,

1116
00:58:17,840 --> 00:58:22,160
Speaker 1: and then he died and the victory ended up being victorious.

1117
00:58:22,200 --> 00:58:24,520
Speaker 1: Along with the other British ships, they won that battle

1118
00:58:24,920 --> 00:58:29,160
Speaker 1: despite the overwhelming odds. Nelson was revered as an incredible hero.

1119
00:58:29,360 --> 00:58:32,640
Speaker 1: He was his his loss was mourned throughout the British Navy.

1120
00:58:33,320 --> 00:58:36,640
Speaker 1: People went on about how this, this man who had

1121
00:58:36,680 --> 00:58:41,520
Speaker 1: shown great bravery through multiple engagements, had died so heroically.

1122
00:58:41,880 --> 00:58:44,640
Speaker 1: Some people might say it was a little cavalier, that

1123
00:58:44,680 --> 00:58:47,280
Speaker 1: he had a lot of opportunities to perhaps have a

1124
00:58:47,320 --> 00:58:51,400
Speaker 1: more prudent approach, But it certainly doesn't make as heroic

1125
00:58:51,440 --> 00:58:55,280
Speaker 1: a story. And I don't mean to disparage Admiral Nelson.

1126
00:58:55,320 --> 00:58:57,400
Speaker 1: He was clearly a military genius, and I am not

1127
00:58:58,160 --> 00:59:00,840
Speaker 1: uh he was. He was, and I ultimately you could

1128
00:59:00,880 --> 00:59:03,120
Speaker 1: say he was not willing to put his men through

1129
00:59:03,200 --> 00:59:06,200
Speaker 1: something that he himself was not willing to do. Sure, sure,

1130
00:59:06,280 --> 00:59:08,320
Speaker 1: there's certainly something to be said for that, And who

1131
00:59:08,320 --> 00:59:10,040
Speaker 1: knows what the outcome of that battle would have benefit

1132
00:59:10,040 --> 00:59:12,960
Speaker 1: had not been for for that decision of putting that

1133
00:59:13,040 --> 00:59:15,120
Speaker 1: really amazing warship on the very front of the line

1134
00:59:15,160 --> 00:59:17,720
Speaker 1: if nothing else, I mean, you could inspire your your

1135
00:59:17,800 --> 00:59:21,360
Speaker 1: men by the fact that you are you're so well, yeah,

1136
00:59:21,400 --> 00:59:25,080
Speaker 1: so pretty incredible. So uh we said that. In eight

1137
00:59:25,240 --> 00:59:27,760
Speaker 1: o eight it was refitted again for service in the

1138
00:59:27,760 --> 00:59:32,120
Speaker 1: Baltic It was then retired as a harbor service vessel

1139
00:59:32,160 --> 00:59:35,120
Speaker 1: for quite some time, and then in nineteen twenty two,

1140
00:59:35,680 --> 00:59:39,480
Speaker 1: after more than more than a century of being in

1141
00:59:39,560 --> 00:59:42,000
Speaker 1: service in one form or another, the HMS Victory was

1142
00:59:42,040 --> 00:59:45,040
Speaker 1: placed into dry dock permanently. And what that means is

1143
00:59:45,120 --> 00:59:48,440
Speaker 1: that it's it's placed up on scaffolding um and no

1144
00:59:48,520 --> 00:59:50,800
Speaker 1: longer in the water. The usually dry dock is where

1145
00:59:50,840 --> 00:59:53,280
Speaker 1: you bring a ship to to do repairs, to scrape

1146
00:59:53,320 --> 00:59:55,960
Speaker 1: off barnacles, to make sure that all the paint is

1147
00:59:56,080 --> 00:59:59,840
Speaker 1: smart as they would say, smartest paint um. But now

1148
01:00:00,200 --> 01:00:02,960
Speaker 1: she's a museum. You can go and visit the HMS Victory.

1149
01:00:03,040 --> 01:00:05,480
Speaker 1: You can walk the decks and explore it and see

1150
01:00:05,520 --> 01:00:07,760
Speaker 1: what the conditions were like. You can see how low

1151
01:00:07,880 --> 01:00:09,800
Speaker 1: the ceilings were on the gun deck and the fact

1152
01:00:09,880 --> 01:00:12,240
Speaker 1: that you had to watch your head or else you

1153
01:00:12,680 --> 01:00:15,040
Speaker 1: bonk it. You know, we are a little bit taller

1154
01:00:15,040 --> 01:00:17,840
Speaker 1: than they were back then. But right, but um, but yeah, yeah,

1155
01:00:17,840 --> 01:00:20,040
Speaker 1: she and and as Simon said in his email, she

1156
01:00:20,160 --> 01:00:24,440
Speaker 1: is the oldest commissioned warship in the world. Yeah, pretty impressive.

1157
01:00:24,560 --> 01:00:27,160
Speaker 1: So if you ever have the opportunity, you should definitely

1158
01:00:27,240 --> 01:00:31,160
Speaker 1: go and visit the HMS Victory. One of the really interesting,

1159
01:00:31,680 --> 01:00:35,800
Speaker 1: uh you know, warships of history and certainly one that

1160
01:00:35,880 --> 01:00:38,160
Speaker 1: I would love to visit. I have not been aboard

1161
01:00:38,200 --> 01:00:42,840
Speaker 1: the Victory. I've been aboard some other famous warships, uh,

1162
01:00:43,000 --> 01:00:46,160
Speaker 1: the Constitution, for example, but not not the Victory. So

1163
01:00:46,200 --> 01:00:48,480
Speaker 1: I'm hoping one day I'll be able to visit it. Yes,

1164
01:00:48,520 --> 01:00:50,200
Speaker 1: and if if you do want to do that visiting,

1165
01:00:50,320 --> 01:00:53,080
Speaker 1: I recommend that you go to the historic dockyard at

1166
01:00:53,120 --> 01:00:55,560
Speaker 1: Portsmouth in the UK. That's where you can find her.

1167
01:00:55,960 --> 01:00:57,440
Speaker 1: It would be cool of us to send you there,

1168
01:00:57,440 --> 01:01:00,080
Speaker 1: and she wasn't there. We would never do that. No,

1169
01:01:00,200 --> 01:01:02,200
Speaker 1: we wouldn't do that to you. All right, So that

1170
01:01:02,200 --> 01:01:04,360
Speaker 1: that wraps up this discussion. So yeah, you might wonder, well,

1171
01:01:04,400 --> 01:01:06,600
Speaker 1: how did that have to do with technology? But truly,

1172
01:01:06,720 --> 01:01:11,280
Speaker 1: I mean this, this technology, this, this naval technology is

1173
01:01:11,320 --> 01:01:14,560
Speaker 1: what shaped world events. And yeah, it might not be

1174
01:01:14,640 --> 01:01:18,080
Speaker 1: an iPhone or a uh you know, an IBM computer,

1175
01:01:18,240 --> 01:01:20,560
Speaker 1: but it still falls in that realm. We love being

1176
01:01:20,600 --> 01:01:24,040
Speaker 1: able to tackle some of these historical ideas once in

1177
01:01:24,040 --> 01:01:26,600
Speaker 1: a while, So Simon, thank you so much for the suggestion. Yes, yes,

1178
01:01:26,680 --> 01:01:30,400
Speaker 1: especially when they involve Jonathan getting to do pirate voices.

1179
01:01:30,520 --> 01:01:34,439
Speaker 1: That's really so yeah, guys, if you have. By the way,

1180
01:01:34,800 --> 01:01:38,400
Speaker 1: I know that the quote unquote pirate accent is not

1181
01:01:38,520 --> 01:01:42,560
Speaker 1: what they sounded like. That's thanks to Treasure Island. But anyway,

1182
01:01:42,720 --> 01:01:45,280
Speaker 1: why don't you send in any ideas you might have

1183
01:01:45,440 --> 01:01:48,360
Speaker 1: in future episodes of tech Stuff if you want to

1184
01:01:48,400 --> 01:01:51,640
Speaker 1: do that and come on and thenute you've always been too.

1185
01:01:52,000 --> 01:01:54,240
Speaker 1: So here's what here's what you gotta do. You gotta

1186
01:01:54,360 --> 01:01:57,560
Speaker 1: send us an email that addresses text up at Discovery

1187
01:01:57,640 --> 01:02:00,360
Speaker 1: dot com, or drop us a line on Facebook or

1188
01:02:00,480 --> 01:02:03,080
Speaker 1: Tumbler or handle it. All. Three is tech Stuff H.

1189
01:02:03,400 --> 01:02:06,680
Speaker 1: S W. And we will talk to you again really

1190
01:02:06,720 --> 01:02:13,160
Speaker 1: soon for more on this and thousands of other topics,

1191
01:02:13,200 --> 01:02:24,400
Speaker 1: because it how stuff works. Dot Com