1 00:00:01,480 --> 00:00:04,280 Speaker 1: Welcome to Stuff you should know. A production of I 2 00:00:04,360 --> 00:00:13,200 Speaker 1: Heart Radio. Hey you welcome to the podcast. I'm Josh, 3 00:00:13,240 --> 00:00:19,560 Speaker 1: and there's Chuck and there's Jerry out there coated in powder. Um, 4 00:00:19,680 --> 00:00:22,560 Speaker 1: and this is the stuff you should know, the aspirin edition. 5 00:00:24,000 --> 00:00:27,960 Speaker 1: Why don't you pick this one? I've been reading a 6 00:00:28,000 --> 00:00:32,640 Speaker 1: giant book on aspirin and yeah, yeah, biography and you know, 7 00:00:32,720 --> 00:00:38,280 Speaker 1: behind the scenes, backstage that aspirin, all the ups and downs, 8 00:00:38,360 --> 00:00:42,960 Speaker 1: like a behind the music basically. Yeah, I don't remember 9 00:00:43,240 --> 00:00:49,400 Speaker 1: why I picked this. I just don't remember, but um, 10 00:00:49,440 --> 00:00:52,280 Speaker 1: I did, and I'm going to stand by it. Remember 11 00:00:52,280 --> 00:00:58,400 Speaker 1: when aspirin o'deed on itself? Yeah, yeah, June's family. That's 12 00:00:58,400 --> 00:01:01,480 Speaker 1: some nasty stuff to od onto, it turns out, I 13 00:01:01,520 --> 00:01:03,880 Speaker 1: would think, so. I mean not only the result, but 14 00:01:04,000 --> 00:01:06,920 Speaker 1: just the taste. I don't like the taste either. But 15 00:01:07,000 --> 00:01:09,600 Speaker 1: haven't you said that you're like a good eas headache 16 00:01:09,600 --> 00:01:13,440 Speaker 1: powder dude? Yeah, good eas er BC. I will, um, 17 00:01:13,480 --> 00:01:17,000 Speaker 1: you know, that's a lot of aspirin. It's like, you know, 18 00:01:17,040 --> 00:01:18,680 Speaker 1: if you will, and we'll get to this. But if 19 00:01:18,680 --> 00:01:20,679 Speaker 1: you have like a hard issue, they recommend you take 20 00:01:20,760 --> 00:01:23,800 Speaker 1: something like eighty five milligrams and in a good eason 21 00:01:23,840 --> 00:01:26,720 Speaker 1: a BC is like eight and fifty Holy cow, is 22 00:01:26,720 --> 00:01:30,080 Speaker 1: it really? Yeah? Plus caffeine. It's a it's a big 23 00:01:30,120 --> 00:01:33,959 Speaker 1: dose of aspirin plus the sea menafin two. It's it's um, 24 00:01:34,000 --> 00:01:37,840 Speaker 1: it's powdered excetern it's what is the same same formula? Well, 25 00:01:37,880 --> 00:01:39,880 Speaker 1: they're both different, but yeah, one of them is. I 26 00:01:39,880 --> 00:01:44,120 Speaker 1: can't remember which one. I think good eas is powdered, etcetera. Yeah, 27 00:01:44,160 --> 00:01:47,800 Speaker 1: I think BC does not have the SA menafin and 28 00:01:47,880 --> 00:01:51,360 Speaker 1: just has caffeine and maybe more caffeine. Wow, it's like 29 00:01:51,400 --> 00:01:54,440 Speaker 1: the jolt coal of headache powder. But point is, I 30 00:01:54,480 --> 00:01:58,400 Speaker 1: don't take that a lot anymore. And h it uh, 31 00:01:58,520 --> 00:02:00,240 Speaker 1: I don't mind the taste. I though it grows. There's 32 00:02:00,240 --> 00:02:02,880 Speaker 1: a lot of people out, but I don't love it. 33 00:02:02,960 --> 00:02:04,720 Speaker 1: And I'm I don't just like let it sit on 34 00:02:04,760 --> 00:02:07,480 Speaker 1: my tongue and does allve forever, Like I wash it 35 00:02:07,480 --> 00:02:11,840 Speaker 1: down very quickly, right, But I'm not like I got you. 36 00:02:11,960 --> 00:02:14,800 Speaker 1: It's just pretty better. You have no problem with the drain. 37 00:02:14,880 --> 00:02:20,880 Speaker 1: You're okay, funny guy. So um, we are talking aspirin 38 00:02:20,960 --> 00:02:25,160 Speaker 1: today and it is uh kind of tough. I've realized 39 00:02:25,200 --> 00:02:30,400 Speaker 1: to overstate the importance of aspirin as far as like 40 00:02:30,560 --> 00:02:34,800 Speaker 1: the world's medicine cabinet goes like, there is no other 41 00:02:34,919 --> 00:02:38,400 Speaker 1: drug that has been sold more than aspirin in the 42 00:02:38,480 --> 00:02:43,160 Speaker 1: history of humanity. Did you know that? Sure? Okay, I 43 00:02:43,160 --> 00:02:46,880 Speaker 1: mean you know it's it's it's the go to or 44 00:02:47,080 --> 00:02:51,160 Speaker 1: was for many, many, many many years, until other inseids 45 00:02:51,240 --> 00:02:55,080 Speaker 1: started making the scene. For you know, decades and decades, 46 00:02:55,120 --> 00:02:56,799 Speaker 1: aspirin was sort of the go to for a lot 47 00:02:56,840 --> 00:02:59,919 Speaker 1: of stuff. That's true. All right, Let's see if I 48 00:03:00,000 --> 00:03:02,680 Speaker 1: and impress you with this. One of the great things 49 00:03:02,720 --> 00:03:07,520 Speaker 1: about aspirin is it's synthesized from nature that it's actually 50 00:03:07,680 --> 00:03:11,800 Speaker 1: a perfected version of something that you would find in 51 00:03:11,880 --> 00:03:16,440 Speaker 1: a number of plants salasilic acid um. But specifically it 52 00:03:16,560 --> 00:03:22,400 Speaker 1: was Willow that yielded up her secrets for mankind humankind 53 00:03:23,320 --> 00:03:27,600 Speaker 1: to use as a medicine to make things better. Yeah, 54 00:03:27,600 --> 00:03:30,320 Speaker 1: I mean, that's a that's a lot of medicines, and 55 00:03:30,400 --> 00:03:34,240 Speaker 1: that's uh. You know, Emily has gotten really into herbalism 56 00:03:34,240 --> 00:03:35,760 Speaker 1: here in the last few years, and that's kind of 57 00:03:35,760 --> 00:03:40,200 Speaker 1: one of her beefs is that the medical inform of 58 00:03:40,280 --> 00:03:42,720 Speaker 1: industries have synthesized things and gotten rid of a lot 59 00:03:42,800 --> 00:03:45,840 Speaker 1: of the great parts of the plant. Sure she feels 60 00:03:45,880 --> 00:03:49,160 Speaker 1: like are of great use to human beings to make 61 00:03:49,200 --> 00:03:54,320 Speaker 1: the synthetic versions. Okay, fair enough in this case though 62 00:03:54,320 --> 00:03:57,560 Speaker 1: with aspirin, I would argue that it is the improved 63 00:03:57,760 --> 00:04:02,280 Speaker 1: version of nature's version. Oh yeah, I think so, and 64 00:04:02,280 --> 00:04:04,280 Speaker 1: we'll we'll talk about why. But like I said, it 65 00:04:04,360 --> 00:04:09,360 Speaker 1: was the willow plant that people realized pretty far back, chuck. Um. 66 00:04:09,400 --> 00:04:14,040 Speaker 1: I believe it was at least as as Um, as 67 00:04:14,160 --> 00:04:18,480 Speaker 1: late as the Sumerians. Um who I think there are 68 00:04:18,480 --> 00:04:21,520 Speaker 1: clay tablets found that basically said, are your joint sachy, 69 00:04:21,800 --> 00:04:25,679 Speaker 1: Try a little willow leaf tea. It'll fix you right up. Yeah, 70 00:04:25,839 --> 00:04:28,440 Speaker 1: it was um, you know they I don't think they 71 00:04:28,440 --> 00:04:30,000 Speaker 1: had the name for it at the time, but it 72 00:04:30,040 --> 00:04:34,039 Speaker 1: was sala Cylene was the ingredient, and you could boil 73 00:04:34,080 --> 00:04:35,680 Speaker 1: it down into a tea. Like you said, you could 74 00:04:35,760 --> 00:04:38,800 Speaker 1: dry dry it out and powder that bark up and 75 00:04:39,200 --> 00:04:41,280 Speaker 1: pound it down and work it through a sieve and 76 00:04:41,320 --> 00:04:44,120 Speaker 1: get you know, I guess an early version of goodies, 77 00:04:44,960 --> 00:04:48,839 Speaker 1: and you would, I mean everything from the Egyptians. There's 78 00:04:48,880 --> 00:04:52,240 Speaker 1: the Ebers Papyrus, which is a kind of a fun 79 00:04:52,279 --> 00:04:56,160 Speaker 1: little cookbook textbook, medical journal kind of thing that has 80 00:04:56,240 --> 00:04:59,880 Speaker 1: recipes for myrtle and willow leaf tea for joint pa. 81 00:05:00,640 --> 00:05:04,279 Speaker 1: Great chili recipe in there too, great chili. Uh, they 82 00:05:04,680 --> 00:05:06,520 Speaker 1: too bad. They didn't know about Freedo's back then. But 83 00:05:07,480 --> 00:05:11,960 Speaker 1: um and by the way, speaking of Friedo's, Yeah, you know, 84 00:05:12,000 --> 00:05:15,400 Speaker 1: there's actually a chapter in our book about freedom tows 85 00:05:15,480 --> 00:05:18,840 Speaker 1: on dogs. There is, I know, MoMA is in it. 86 00:05:19,440 --> 00:05:22,520 Speaker 1: I think that we don't talk enough about the fun 87 00:05:22,680 --> 00:05:24,800 Speaker 1: chapters of our book. There's a lot of like, kind 88 00:05:24,800 --> 00:05:28,640 Speaker 1: of heavy stuff, but there's also a chapter about freedom tows, which, 89 00:05:28,680 --> 00:05:30,839 Speaker 1: if you don't have a dog, it is it is 90 00:05:30,880 --> 00:05:35,280 Speaker 1: the smell of corn chips that a dog's paws can admit. Yeah, 91 00:05:35,320 --> 00:05:37,240 Speaker 1: that was kind of one of the more fun chapters. 92 00:05:37,279 --> 00:05:39,600 Speaker 1: I think it was a good chapter for sure, because 93 00:05:39,680 --> 00:05:42,080 Speaker 1: we talked not just about that, but about not just 94 00:05:42,160 --> 00:05:44,880 Speaker 1: about how humans perceived the smell of dogs paws, but 95 00:05:44,960 --> 00:05:48,760 Speaker 1: how dogs perceived the world with smell. Different bacteria can 96 00:05:48,800 --> 00:05:51,640 Speaker 1: make different smells, and it's pretty It was a good one. 97 00:05:51,720 --> 00:05:53,880 Speaker 1: I like that one, although I like our whole book, 98 00:05:53,920 --> 00:05:56,080 Speaker 1: to be honest. I finally got it two days ago. 99 00:05:56,560 --> 00:05:59,240 Speaker 1: Who ray, what do you think? Well, First of all, 100 00:05:59,240 --> 00:06:02,800 Speaker 1: it was very happy about how many they sent. Yeah, 101 00:06:02,800 --> 00:06:04,359 Speaker 1: I thought they were gonna send me a couple of books. 102 00:06:04,360 --> 00:06:06,000 Speaker 1: They sent me a big old box of books like 103 00:06:06,040 --> 00:06:09,479 Speaker 1: they did you. And it was just really great to 104 00:06:09,520 --> 00:06:12,760 Speaker 1: hold in my hand. And and it's it's it's awesome. 105 00:06:12,839 --> 00:06:15,760 Speaker 1: It looks great, it's the size we wanted, it looks 106 00:06:16,320 --> 00:06:19,480 Speaker 1: it looks like a real book. It is. It's a 107 00:06:19,560 --> 00:06:23,280 Speaker 1: legit book, like, which is weird, real book? I know. 108 00:06:23,640 --> 00:06:26,880 Speaker 1: Did they put your name on the box? No, your 109 00:06:26,960 --> 00:06:29,320 Speaker 1: name was on my box? Is that right? They put 110 00:06:29,360 --> 00:06:31,840 Speaker 1: my name on my box too. They just said, what 111 00:06:31,880 --> 00:06:34,120 Speaker 1: do you mean? It just said the book titled Then 112 00:06:34,120 --> 00:06:36,520 Speaker 1: by Josh Clark. Yeah, yeah that's what it said. I 113 00:06:36,520 --> 00:06:39,080 Speaker 1: think they just didn't print the whole thing. Okay. Well, 114 00:06:39,160 --> 00:06:41,720 Speaker 1: I like my idea that they were going to personalize 115 00:06:41,720 --> 00:06:46,040 Speaker 1: each of our box nice touch flat. This just sounds 116 00:06:46,080 --> 00:06:51,479 Speaker 1: like lazy box printing. But I got you okay. Well, yeah, 117 00:06:51,960 --> 00:06:54,640 Speaker 1: I wasn't like trying to rub it in thinking that 118 00:06:54,680 --> 00:06:57,000 Speaker 1: they would have personalized your box too. But you're like, 119 00:06:57,040 --> 00:06:59,719 Speaker 1: I'm going to save that box, but whatever. Yeah, actually, 120 00:06:59,720 --> 00:07:02,840 Speaker 1: can you send me your box? Okay, I'll send you 121 00:07:02,920 --> 00:07:06,400 Speaker 1: the box with a big old load of poop in it. Yeah, 122 00:07:06,480 --> 00:07:08,680 Speaker 1: there's like a foothole where where it used to see 123 00:07:08,800 --> 00:07:11,280 Speaker 1: Josh Clark. Uh. So anyway, you can pre order that 124 00:07:11,280 --> 00:07:14,560 Speaker 1: book stuff you should know, an incomplete compendium of mostly 125 00:07:14,640 --> 00:07:19,200 Speaker 1: interesting things. But back to aspirin Um. This book was 126 00:07:19,960 --> 00:07:21,680 Speaker 1: I don't even know where I was talking about. Oh, 127 00:07:21,840 --> 00:07:25,240 Speaker 1: people like plenty of the Elder and Hippocrates had written 128 00:07:25,280 --> 00:07:28,800 Speaker 1: about aspirin, or it wasn't aspirin yet, but sell us Eileen. 129 00:07:28,960 --> 00:07:31,960 Speaker 1: As you know, basically early on it was all about 130 00:07:32,280 --> 00:07:36,480 Speaker 1: reducing fever and reducing joint like arthritis, joint pain inflammation. 131 00:07:36,560 --> 00:07:39,760 Speaker 1: And it's still really good for that too. Aspirin it 132 00:07:39,800 --> 00:07:43,920 Speaker 1: turns out as a non steroidal anti inflammatory drug and 133 00:07:44,000 --> 00:07:50,080 Speaker 1: insid um and it like people realize that it was useful, 134 00:07:50,320 --> 00:07:53,680 Speaker 1: like you said, for for joint inflammation, for a fever reduction, 135 00:07:53,880 --> 00:07:56,960 Speaker 1: which makes it an anti pyretic um, which I think 136 00:07:57,000 --> 00:08:00,800 Speaker 1: is a great word um. And we knew about this 137 00:08:00,840 --> 00:08:04,160 Speaker 1: for centuries and apparently Europe introduced to China for once 138 00:08:04,240 --> 00:08:07,080 Speaker 1: rather than vice versa. But then it just kind of 139 00:08:07,080 --> 00:08:10,840 Speaker 1: fell away, It fell to the wayside um kind of 140 00:08:10,880 --> 00:08:13,920 Speaker 1: out of human knowledge, although like it was still there 141 00:08:14,080 --> 00:08:18,080 Speaker 1: just nobody was thinking about willow any longer until malaria 142 00:08:18,160 --> 00:08:21,320 Speaker 1: became a big thing. When UM the Age of Discovery 143 00:08:21,360 --> 00:08:26,080 Speaker 1: began and Europeans started to uh colonize other parts of 144 00:08:26,080 --> 00:08:29,400 Speaker 1: the world, including South America, malaria became a bit of 145 00:08:29,400 --> 00:08:33,479 Speaker 1: a problem UM. And one of the remedies for malaria 146 00:08:33,920 --> 00:08:40,040 Speaker 1: we figured out was sin chona sinchona, right. I always 147 00:08:40,040 --> 00:08:42,720 Speaker 1: said chinchona, but I think it is cinchona. I always 148 00:08:42,720 --> 00:08:45,080 Speaker 1: say chinchona too, but I'm looking right at it, and 149 00:08:45,240 --> 00:08:47,720 Speaker 1: I don't see that first age unless it's a weird 150 00:08:47,720 --> 00:08:51,760 Speaker 1: pronunciation thing. I think I've probably just been saying it wrong. Okay, 151 00:08:51,800 --> 00:08:54,319 Speaker 1: well let's let's say sin chona. Then we'll pronounce it 152 00:08:54,360 --> 00:08:57,480 Speaker 1: correctly for once in our lives. And that's a different 153 00:08:57,559 --> 00:09:01,439 Speaker 1: kind of tree whose bark works really well to treat malaria, 154 00:09:01,559 --> 00:09:05,600 Speaker 1: and not just treat malaria, but also reduced fevers as well. Um. 155 00:09:05,880 --> 00:09:08,120 Speaker 1: But the problem is is getting it from South America 156 00:09:08,240 --> 00:09:10,559 Speaker 1: can be very very expensive, or it certainly was in 157 00:09:10,640 --> 00:09:16,000 Speaker 1: the UM sixteen, seventeenth and eighteenth centuries. So it caused 158 00:09:16,000 --> 00:09:20,400 Speaker 1: this one guy European um doctor I believe, or at 159 00:09:20,480 --> 00:09:25,200 Speaker 1: least a researcher named Reverend Edward Stone to look for 160 00:09:25,200 --> 00:09:28,840 Speaker 1: an alternative for it, and he came upon willow. He 161 00:09:29,000 --> 00:09:33,600 Speaker 1: rediscovered willow again for the treatment of fevers in inflammation. 162 00:09:34,360 --> 00:09:38,560 Speaker 1: And by the way, I think we mispronounced is it shinchona? 163 00:09:38,800 --> 00:09:42,240 Speaker 1: I just know it's neither. That's so us. I just 164 00:09:42,240 --> 00:09:45,520 Speaker 1: looked up real quick. It says it's sun chona. Okay, 165 00:09:45,559 --> 00:09:48,640 Speaker 1: I like that one. It almost sounds like it almost 166 00:09:48,640 --> 00:09:54,320 Speaker 1: sounds like Quimby saying chowder. It's so weird, So sun shona. Yeah. 167 00:09:54,400 --> 00:09:58,679 Speaker 1: Edward Stone goes looking for an alternative, and he starts 168 00:09:58,840 --> 00:10:02,000 Speaker 1: looking at the willow bark in its properties and does 169 00:10:02,040 --> 00:10:05,400 Speaker 1: a pretty decent study for back then UH in seventeen 170 00:10:05,480 --> 00:10:08,280 Speaker 1: sixty three and found that a four hour administration of 171 00:10:08,280 --> 00:10:13,600 Speaker 1: willow bark powder um would reduce fever pretty consistently. And 172 00:10:13,880 --> 00:10:15,360 Speaker 1: like I said, it was a good study for back 173 00:10:15,400 --> 00:10:18,320 Speaker 1: then UM. There were some other Europeans who were also 174 00:10:18,559 --> 00:10:22,840 Speaker 1: extracting um, the active ingredient, from willow, and it was 175 00:10:22,960 --> 00:10:25,319 Speaker 1: kind of happening all around the same time. I think 176 00:10:25,320 --> 00:10:27,200 Speaker 1: it guy named LaRue did the best job of it 177 00:10:27,240 --> 00:10:32,959 Speaker 1: in the early eight and what they got was the 178 00:10:33,080 --> 00:10:41,839 Speaker 1: substance salacene, right, So um. That's basically the they isolated 179 00:10:41,880 --> 00:10:44,880 Speaker 1: the active ingredient in willow bark, and not just willow 180 00:10:44,920 --> 00:10:49,840 Speaker 1: bark um salacene or salacelic acid, which probably sounds familiar 181 00:10:50,240 --> 00:10:53,360 Speaker 1: um if you've ever used some sort of skincare treatment, 182 00:10:53,440 --> 00:10:56,160 Speaker 1: say to combat acne, because it actually goes in and 183 00:10:56,200 --> 00:10:58,920 Speaker 1: dissolves the stuff in your pores, so it comes in 184 00:10:59,000 --> 00:11:03,120 Speaker 1: handy like that. UM. When they when they isolated it, 185 00:11:03,360 --> 00:11:06,360 Speaker 1: they they found out that oh, actually this this pops 186 00:11:06,440 --> 00:11:09,240 Speaker 1: up elsewhere in nature. It's actually UM a kind of 187 00:11:09,280 --> 00:11:12,840 Speaker 1: hormone that plants use for their own immune response. And 188 00:11:12,880 --> 00:11:15,040 Speaker 1: you can find it and everything from willow or myrtle 189 00:11:15,160 --> 00:11:18,760 Speaker 1: or meadow sweet to jasmine peas clover. It pops up 190 00:11:18,800 --> 00:11:21,760 Speaker 1: very It's a pretty common plant hormone. And it was 191 00:11:21,800 --> 00:11:26,320 Speaker 1: isolated finally in the early nineteenth century. Yeah, and there 192 00:11:26,320 --> 00:11:29,959 Speaker 1: were a couple of other kind of important uh side 193 00:11:30,040 --> 00:11:33,040 Speaker 1: roads on the way to aspirin. That happened one in 194 00:11:33,160 --> 00:11:39,000 Speaker 1: eighteen fifty three when a French chemist name Gerhardt, he 195 00:11:39,320 --> 00:11:43,640 Speaker 1: invented aspirin by accident, but he wasn't very refined in 196 00:11:43,679 --> 00:11:45,600 Speaker 1: how he did it. It was not a very good quality, 197 00:11:45,880 --> 00:11:49,600 Speaker 1: was pretty impure. Not very effective, so it was not 198 00:11:49,920 --> 00:11:53,040 Speaker 1: paid very much attention to, but we have to mention him. 199 00:11:53,120 --> 00:11:56,720 Speaker 1: And then in the eighteens, fifties and sixties, some German 200 00:11:56,840 --> 00:12:01,560 Speaker 1: chemists figured out how to produce it synthetically. They learned 201 00:12:01,559 --> 00:12:05,680 Speaker 1: the chemical structure of salicylate, which is just kind of 202 00:12:05,679 --> 00:12:07,520 Speaker 1: crazy to think that they could do stuff like that 203 00:12:07,559 --> 00:12:11,679 Speaker 1: back then. Um, that they were that advanced and learning 204 00:12:11,720 --> 00:12:14,320 Speaker 1: chemical structures of something like that, I was impressed by that. 205 00:12:15,200 --> 00:12:18,880 Speaker 1: But yeah, and they figured out how to produce it synthetically, 206 00:12:19,320 --> 00:12:22,959 Speaker 1: made it very much available, very inexpensive, and that was 207 00:12:23,000 --> 00:12:26,520 Speaker 1: all of a sudden. It was a very popular fever 208 00:12:26,559 --> 00:12:30,360 Speaker 1: reducer and pain reliever, despite its side effects, which are 209 00:12:30,400 --> 00:12:35,840 Speaker 1: mainly stomach problems and tenatus. Yes, but the thing is 210 00:12:35,840 --> 00:12:43,319 Speaker 1: is with that um, with especially tenitis and nausea like, 211 00:12:43,400 --> 00:12:46,160 Speaker 1: it can be really bad if you take too much. 212 00:12:46,240 --> 00:12:49,600 Speaker 1: It's temporary, but it can be a real problem. And 213 00:12:49,800 --> 00:12:52,720 Speaker 1: over time they also found out that it can produce 214 00:12:53,120 --> 00:12:57,160 Speaker 1: long term chronic effects because it's so hard on your 215 00:12:57,200 --> 00:13:01,640 Speaker 1: stomach because again, you're using the same sub sense um 216 00:13:01,679 --> 00:13:03,840 Speaker 1: that you used to clean out the ports, does all 217 00:13:03,920 --> 00:13:06,160 Speaker 1: the stuff in your and your pores that has a 218 00:13:06,200 --> 00:13:08,640 Speaker 1: big effect on your stomach, and in fact, we would 219 00:13:08,679 --> 00:13:12,040 Speaker 1: find later on that it erodes your gastric mucosa, your 220 00:13:12,040 --> 00:13:15,240 Speaker 1: stomach lining, and that can produce all sorts of problems 221 00:13:15,280 --> 00:13:17,400 Speaker 1: on its own. In the short term, it makes you 222 00:13:17,440 --> 00:13:19,240 Speaker 1: want to just throw up and die if you take 223 00:13:19,280 --> 00:13:21,480 Speaker 1: too much aspirin. And that's what we figured out with 224 00:13:21,559 --> 00:13:25,079 Speaker 1: salasilic acid. And that was the point of aspirin, was 225 00:13:25,160 --> 00:13:27,760 Speaker 1: to figure out how to create how to take this 226 00:13:27,960 --> 00:13:32,319 Speaker 1: really useful, important drug that had been known for millennia 227 00:13:32,400 --> 00:13:35,559 Speaker 1: by this time, and make it so it was it 228 00:13:35,640 --> 00:13:38,199 Speaker 1: didn't have any of these unpleasant side effects. And that's 229 00:13:38,200 --> 00:13:41,319 Speaker 1: where aspirin came from. Yeah, so maybe we can take 230 00:13:41,360 --> 00:13:46,040 Speaker 1: a break and come back and talk about very sort 231 00:13:46,040 --> 00:13:49,520 Speaker 1: of legendary company out of Germany called Buyer right after this. 232 00:14:12,160 --> 00:14:17,120 Speaker 1: All right, if you heard me say Buyer and you're thinking, dude, 233 00:14:17,120 --> 00:14:22,120 Speaker 1: it's bear aspirin. What are you German? No, I'm not German, 234 00:14:22,320 --> 00:14:24,160 Speaker 1: but that's how you pronounced it over there, It's Buyer. 235 00:14:24,840 --> 00:14:27,600 Speaker 1: We pronounced a bear over here. They were originally a 236 00:14:27,680 --> 00:14:32,080 Speaker 1: die making company, but like so many other companies involved 237 00:14:32,080 --> 00:14:37,600 Speaker 1: in chemistry, um, they could pivot very easily and you 238 00:14:37,720 --> 00:14:40,280 Speaker 1: start discovering things when you're working in chemistry that might 239 00:14:40,320 --> 00:14:42,680 Speaker 1: make you more money, and that was sort of the 240 00:14:42,720 --> 00:14:46,280 Speaker 1: case with Buyer, and they set up a pharmaceutical wing 241 00:14:47,000 --> 00:14:49,120 Speaker 1: and said, hey, you know, we're discovering these other things 242 00:14:49,160 --> 00:14:51,000 Speaker 1: and you can make a ton of money in pharmaceuticals. 243 00:14:51,640 --> 00:14:53,720 Speaker 1: And this is just sort of at the beginning of that. 244 00:14:53,760 --> 00:14:56,600 Speaker 1: They had no idea what they were onto, but they 245 00:14:57,520 --> 00:15:00,880 Speaker 1: started a pharmaceutical wing and said, one of our first 246 00:15:00,920 --> 00:15:04,240 Speaker 1: things we want to try and do is to create 247 00:15:04,400 --> 00:15:08,080 Speaker 1: a version of salasylate that doesn't have all these nasty 248 00:15:08,080 --> 00:15:11,080 Speaker 1: side effects. Yeah, and there's a there's a long standing 249 00:15:11,200 --> 00:15:15,440 Speaker 1: story in the chemistry community UM that a guy named 250 00:15:15,440 --> 00:15:20,200 Speaker 1: Felix Hoffman, a German chemist who worked for bear Um, 251 00:15:20,800 --> 00:15:24,000 Speaker 1: was trying to figure out a way to make salasilic 252 00:15:24,040 --> 00:15:28,200 Speaker 1: acid UH more easy on his father's stomach. His father 253 00:15:28,240 --> 00:15:31,960 Speaker 1: had rheumatism um, which is a chronic inflammation of the joints, 254 00:15:32,320 --> 00:15:35,040 Speaker 1: and he had to take salasilic acid a lot. So 255 00:15:35,320 --> 00:15:37,600 Speaker 1: Felix Hoffman was trying to figure out how to help 256 00:15:37,640 --> 00:15:41,160 Speaker 1: his dad out when he stumbled upon the recipe that 257 00:15:41,480 --> 00:15:46,600 Speaker 1: or what would become the recipe for aspirin that's right, So, uh, 258 00:15:46,720 --> 00:15:50,320 Speaker 1: all of this lad to one of the most popular 259 00:15:50,400 --> 00:15:52,720 Speaker 1: drugs in the history of the world. Um, there is 260 00:15:52,760 --> 00:15:55,840 Speaker 1: some debate. Like with everything like this, it seems like 261 00:15:55,880 --> 00:15:58,520 Speaker 1: sometimes it's hard to tell who exactly has given credit 262 00:15:58,960 --> 00:16:03,360 Speaker 1: because history is written by the victors, and um, in 263 00:16:03,360 --> 00:16:05,800 Speaker 1: this case, well, there's a there's three men. There's a 264 00:16:05,800 --> 00:16:09,440 Speaker 1: fourth dude named Carl Duisberg, who is included as being 265 00:16:09,480 --> 00:16:11,440 Speaker 1: a big person in the development because he was a 266 00:16:11,480 --> 00:16:14,640 Speaker 1: marketer and his marketing skills were a big, big reason 267 00:16:14,680 --> 00:16:17,880 Speaker 1: why aspirin was so successful. But a lot of people 268 00:16:18,040 --> 00:16:22,000 Speaker 1: point to Felix Hoffman as the quote unquote inventor of 269 00:16:22,080 --> 00:16:27,640 Speaker 1: aspirin because on August ten, in his notebook entry, he 270 00:16:27,800 --> 00:16:35,000 Speaker 1: described adding UH ascetic and hydrate and hydride to UH 271 00:16:35,200 --> 00:16:40,760 Speaker 1: salasylate and created aspirin. I'm gonna say it if you 272 00:16:40,800 --> 00:16:45,240 Speaker 1: won't say it. It's it's called aspirin. A setle silic man, 273 00:16:46,200 --> 00:16:50,560 Speaker 1: a setle salacilic acid. Yeah, it's it's kind of fun 274 00:16:50,600 --> 00:16:53,800 Speaker 1: to say. It has like a setle seal a salic acid. 275 00:16:54,520 --> 00:16:57,440 Speaker 1: It's the ascid that you love. But Chuck calls it 276 00:16:57,480 --> 00:17:01,040 Speaker 1: aspirin because it's easier and he can call it that 277 00:17:01,200 --> 00:17:05,200 Speaker 1: legally because Aspurn's our proprietary epin m as we'll see 278 00:17:06,560 --> 00:17:13,040 Speaker 1: in that. Wow, that was something. Should we leave that in? Sure? 279 00:17:13,320 --> 00:17:16,119 Speaker 1: All right? I think that's our gift to the listeners. 280 00:17:16,119 --> 00:17:18,560 Speaker 1: That's some end of the year's aningus right there. That 281 00:17:18,640 --> 00:17:23,880 Speaker 1: means our our brains are entering the December mush phase. Yeah, boy, 282 00:17:23,960 --> 00:17:25,360 Speaker 1: is it. I'm looking forward to that break. I New 283 00:17:25,400 --> 00:17:29,480 Speaker 1: York can't wait. Yeah, everyone, I think we've said this before. 284 00:17:29,480 --> 00:17:30,760 Speaker 1: We take a few weeks off at the end of 285 00:17:30,760 --> 00:17:34,119 Speaker 1: the year, and it's just do not have to research 286 00:17:34,119 --> 00:17:38,000 Speaker 1: stuff for three weeks? Is really nice? You guys don't 287 00:17:38,040 --> 00:17:41,280 Speaker 1: notice because we make sure we record extra episodes in advance, 288 00:17:41,320 --> 00:17:45,000 Speaker 1: but we actually do. We we bulk up the kitty 289 00:17:45,080 --> 00:17:49,040 Speaker 1: as we say. That's right, So, um, just just real 290 00:17:49,119 --> 00:17:51,560 Speaker 1: quick to put a button in this. Felix Hoffman is 291 00:17:51,560 --> 00:17:54,080 Speaker 1: is um said to be the guy who created this 292 00:17:54,200 --> 00:17:57,439 Speaker 1: a guy named Arthur Ike and Gruen said later on 293 00:17:57,600 --> 00:18:00,840 Speaker 1: he actually wrote a letter to Bear from a concentration 294 00:18:00,880 --> 00:18:05,000 Speaker 1: camp during the Nazi um the Third Reich, because he 295 00:18:05,040 --> 00:18:07,280 Speaker 1: was Jewish, and he said, I was the one who 296 00:18:07,359 --> 00:18:10,600 Speaker 1: came up with this um, but my my records were 297 00:18:10,640 --> 00:18:13,560 Speaker 1: expunged by the Nazis. Other people are like, I'm not 298 00:18:13,600 --> 00:18:15,800 Speaker 1: sure if that's true or not. And a guy named 299 00:18:15,800 --> 00:18:18,440 Speaker 1: Heinrich Dresser, he said, it doesn't matter if it's true, 300 00:18:18,480 --> 00:18:22,080 Speaker 1: because I rediscovered this stuff. I told both of these 301 00:18:22,080 --> 00:18:24,879 Speaker 1: guys not to mess with this. They did anyway. I 302 00:18:24,920 --> 00:18:28,080 Speaker 1: took their research published, it didn't give them credit, and 303 00:18:28,160 --> 00:18:31,320 Speaker 1: now I am the one officially who is listed as 304 00:18:31,359 --> 00:18:33,919 Speaker 1: the inventor of asperin, even though it was really Felix 305 00:18:33,920 --> 00:18:37,120 Speaker 1: Hoffman and possibly Arthur Ike and Gruen who did Yeah, 306 00:18:37,160 --> 00:18:39,240 Speaker 1: And I guess you could do that if there isn't 307 00:18:39,280 --> 00:18:42,280 Speaker 1: any patents being filed. You could literally just sort of 308 00:18:42,960 --> 00:18:48,119 Speaker 1: publish something and steal someone's work. Yeah, which is I 309 00:18:48,119 --> 00:18:49,680 Speaker 1: don't know, it's kind of weird to think about, but 310 00:18:49,800 --> 00:18:52,240 Speaker 1: I guess the law was the law. But they did 311 00:18:52,440 --> 00:18:56,159 Speaker 1: file patents, and I mean Bear realized pretty quickly. This 312 00:18:56,240 --> 00:18:57,840 Speaker 1: is at the same time they were coming out with 313 00:18:57,880 --> 00:19:01,600 Speaker 1: heroin too, so Bear had to really big hits, like 314 00:19:02,080 --> 00:19:04,359 Speaker 1: right right with from what I read, within a couple 315 00:19:04,359 --> 00:19:06,480 Speaker 1: of weeks of each other, and Felix Hoffman was central 316 00:19:06,520 --> 00:19:09,040 Speaker 1: to both of them. But with aspirin, they were like, 317 00:19:09,119 --> 00:19:12,359 Speaker 1: this is kind of a big deal. Everybody loves salasilic 318 00:19:12,440 --> 00:19:14,399 Speaker 1: acid and the effects that it has, but they hate 319 00:19:14,400 --> 00:19:17,000 Speaker 1: the side effects and we just got rid of them. 320 00:19:17,080 --> 00:19:19,119 Speaker 1: So they patented it, and they came up with the 321 00:19:19,240 --> 00:19:23,400 Speaker 1: name aspirin. So the A is a nod to the 322 00:19:23,440 --> 00:19:28,840 Speaker 1: ascetic and hydride the acetal part. The spur is a 323 00:19:28,880 --> 00:19:32,840 Speaker 1: reference to the botanical names Spiria old Maria, which is 324 00:19:32,880 --> 00:19:37,840 Speaker 1: the name for meadows sweet. Another source of um salasilic acid, right, yeah, 325 00:19:37,880 --> 00:19:41,440 Speaker 1: so that would be Asperia. And then they added the 326 00:19:41,480 --> 00:19:44,560 Speaker 1: I N at the end because that was just sort 327 00:19:44,560 --> 00:19:46,719 Speaker 1: of one of the naming conventions for medicines, just like 328 00:19:46,760 --> 00:19:52,399 Speaker 1: we have cane like cocaine and cylin for antibiotics, they 329 00:19:52,440 --> 00:19:56,600 Speaker 1: would add an I N. So Aspoia became aspirin. Yeah. 330 00:19:56,600 --> 00:19:58,240 Speaker 1: So if you picked up the box and you're like, 331 00:19:58,359 --> 00:20:01,040 Speaker 1: asper what is the So you get to the end 332 00:20:01,600 --> 00:20:03,280 Speaker 1: and see the I N and be like, oh, it's 333 00:20:03,320 --> 00:20:07,359 Speaker 1: a medicine, that's right. So Germany patents this in the 334 00:20:07,560 --> 00:20:12,399 Speaker 1: nineteen hundred in the United States. After patenting it in 335 00:20:12,440 --> 00:20:15,120 Speaker 1: Germany and everywhere they could they would try and get 336 00:20:15,119 --> 00:20:19,280 Speaker 1: a patent and it's been sort of an interesting story 337 00:20:19,359 --> 00:20:23,040 Speaker 1: since then because after World War One, Uh, and this 338 00:20:23,080 --> 00:20:24,960 Speaker 1: is I didn't even know this kind of stuff happened. 339 00:20:24,960 --> 00:20:29,320 Speaker 1: But um, Germany had to surrender their patents two countries 340 00:20:29,359 --> 00:20:32,440 Speaker 1: that had defeated them, and one of them was Aspirin, 341 00:20:32,560 --> 00:20:35,800 Speaker 1: so they couldn't prevent competitors all over the world from 342 00:20:35,840 --> 00:20:39,119 Speaker 1: making their own version. They did retain the trademark in 343 00:20:39,320 --> 00:20:42,719 Speaker 1: a few different countries. But that is, like you said earlier, 344 00:20:42,760 --> 00:20:45,000 Speaker 1: that is why you won't see aspirin or you don't 345 00:20:45,040 --> 00:20:47,679 Speaker 1: have to listpit list bit list it with a capital A, 346 00:20:48,359 --> 00:20:51,000 Speaker 1: because it is it's just one of those what do 347 00:20:51,040 --> 00:20:54,200 Speaker 1: you call it, proprietary epinem Yes, I love those. Yeah, 348 00:20:54,240 --> 00:20:56,480 Speaker 1: those are great. Yeah, you don't have to list it, 349 00:20:56,680 --> 00:21:01,840 Speaker 1: you don't have to say aspens correct. But um, some 350 00:21:02,000 --> 00:21:04,320 Speaker 1: historians actually make the case, Chuck, that World War Two 351 00:21:04,359 --> 00:21:08,440 Speaker 1: happened because Germany was treated so harshly after World War 352 00:21:08,520 --> 00:21:15,240 Speaker 1: One that it led to such traconian um basically revenge 353 00:21:15,840 --> 00:21:18,679 Speaker 1: on Germany and the German people, that it allowed a 354 00:21:18,720 --> 00:21:22,360 Speaker 1: guy like Hitler to rise as this populist and gain control. 355 00:21:24,200 --> 00:21:26,040 Speaker 1: So yeah, I didn't know about the patents either, But 356 00:21:26,080 --> 00:21:28,440 Speaker 1: that kind of jibes and dovetails with that whole view. 357 00:21:28,880 --> 00:21:32,000 Speaker 1: It's like give us all your art and patents, right, 358 00:21:34,400 --> 00:21:38,399 Speaker 1: what else you can ask for? Land? Sure, I guess, 359 00:21:38,480 --> 00:21:42,480 Speaker 1: but that's sure. And they did do that. Remember the 360 00:21:42,480 --> 00:21:47,120 Speaker 1: the uh, the Nazi gold episode. We didn't so Um. 361 00:21:47,160 --> 00:21:50,360 Speaker 1: There's another side story to all this that came out 362 00:21:50,359 --> 00:21:53,480 Speaker 1: of World War One as well, um, and that there 363 00:21:53,560 --> 00:21:58,280 Speaker 1: was an embargo on phenol um by England. England said, hey, 364 00:21:58,320 --> 00:22:00,200 Speaker 1: we make a lot of feene all over here. It's 365 00:22:00,200 --> 00:22:04,040 Speaker 1: an active ingredient and a lot of stuff including aspirin, 366 00:22:04,200 --> 00:22:07,240 Speaker 1: but not just aspirin explosives to which is one big 367 00:22:07,280 --> 00:22:09,560 Speaker 1: reason why we want to keep a lid on this thing. 368 00:22:10,040 --> 00:22:11,960 Speaker 1: And we're going to make sure that Germany doesn't get 369 00:22:11,960 --> 00:22:15,440 Speaker 1: any And there wasn't anything official in the United States 370 00:22:15,800 --> 00:22:19,600 Speaker 1: banning anyone from selling to fhen Aal the Germany, but 371 00:22:19,680 --> 00:22:22,679 Speaker 1: it was definitely looked like as you were aiding people 372 00:22:22,760 --> 00:22:25,399 Speaker 1: who were at the very least the enemy of our enemy, 373 00:22:25,520 --> 00:22:28,120 Speaker 1: if not our enemy yet because we had an inner 374 00:22:28,160 --> 00:22:31,200 Speaker 1: World War One yet. Um. But that didn't stop Thomas 375 00:22:31,320 --> 00:22:34,800 Speaker 1: Edison from selling Feenal to the Germans during World War One? 376 00:22:34,800 --> 00:22:38,000 Speaker 1: Did it? No? He was Germany was looking at a 377 00:22:38,600 --> 00:22:42,360 Speaker 1: losing one of their most profitable drugs and said all right, 378 00:22:42,400 --> 00:22:45,800 Speaker 1: we're gonna send a spy over there, uh to secretly 379 00:22:45,880 --> 00:22:49,200 Speaker 1: buy fhenal from Thomas Edison because he's guy loves to 380 00:22:49,240 --> 00:22:52,600 Speaker 1: blow stuff up. He's allows you with it. And I 381 00:22:52,640 --> 00:22:55,320 Speaker 1: think that was just exposed when one of the conspirators 382 00:22:55,320 --> 00:22:58,760 Speaker 1: accidentally left his briefcase on the train, and it was 383 00:22:58,800 --> 00:23:03,119 Speaker 1: a real black eye on not only Baia but Edison 384 00:23:03,200 --> 00:23:06,119 Speaker 1: as well. Yeah, and I mean like a lot of 385 00:23:06,119 --> 00:23:08,280 Speaker 1: people are like, oh wow, you know they were they 386 00:23:08,320 --> 00:23:11,760 Speaker 1: were trying to keep the Germans from having aspirin during 387 00:23:11,800 --> 00:23:15,240 Speaker 1: World War One again he could use phenal to create 388 00:23:15,320 --> 00:23:17,520 Speaker 1: T and T and other explosives. So that seems to 389 00:23:17,520 --> 00:23:21,320 Speaker 1: be the reason why, which makes Thomas Edison, he actually 390 00:23:21,440 --> 00:23:24,320 Speaker 1: created the phenal himself and then selling it to the 391 00:23:24,320 --> 00:23:28,159 Speaker 1: Germans all the more shady, you know, totally. So it 392 00:23:28,280 --> 00:23:31,879 Speaker 1: was definitely a blemish on on Edison for sure. Um. 393 00:23:32,200 --> 00:23:34,880 Speaker 1: And he eventually stopped selling it to them and then 394 00:23:34,920 --> 00:23:38,560 Speaker 1: donated the rest of the U. S. Army, I believe. Right, 395 00:23:38,640 --> 00:23:42,439 Speaker 1: So Bayer is selling a lot of aspirin as a 396 00:23:42,480 --> 00:23:45,399 Speaker 1: powder at first, um kind of like you know what 397 00:23:45,400 --> 00:23:47,760 Speaker 1: we were talking about earlier, But they figured out that 398 00:23:47,800 --> 00:23:50,320 Speaker 1: people and this is kind of how most a lot 399 00:23:50,320 --> 00:23:53,160 Speaker 1: of medicaments were powders at this point. And I think 400 00:23:53,200 --> 00:23:56,119 Speaker 1: aspirin from Bayer was one of the first ones to 401 00:23:56,200 --> 00:23:58,040 Speaker 1: be made into a tablet, and they said, hey, if 402 00:23:58,040 --> 00:24:02,439 Speaker 1: we can compress this stuff to a little tube, uh people, 403 00:24:02,720 --> 00:24:05,879 Speaker 1: it won't make people like wretch with disgust from how 404 00:24:05,920 --> 00:24:08,320 Speaker 1: bitter it is. You can just pop it into your mouth, 405 00:24:08,400 --> 00:24:13,280 Speaker 1: wash it down with some uh, with some liquor or 406 00:24:13,359 --> 00:24:17,920 Speaker 1: absent or something, some schnops peach peach knops and um, 407 00:24:18,560 --> 00:24:20,920 Speaker 1: and people will take it more readily or at least 408 00:24:20,960 --> 00:24:23,400 Speaker 1: not want to not take it. And it really really 409 00:24:23,400 --> 00:24:26,160 Speaker 1: worked and that really popularized the use of tablets kind 410 00:24:26,160 --> 00:24:28,600 Speaker 1: of from that point on. Yeah, not just with aspirin, 411 00:24:28,680 --> 00:24:32,280 Speaker 1: but with all medicines. Introduced the public to it, and 412 00:24:32,520 --> 00:24:35,439 Speaker 1: Bear was actually with their aspirin. They were also I 413 00:24:35,440 --> 00:24:38,000 Speaker 1: think we talked about this in the U Tile and 414 00:24:38,040 --> 00:24:41,120 Speaker 1: All Poisoning episodes that they were the ones who introduced 415 00:24:41,119 --> 00:24:44,520 Speaker 1: the cotton ball to pill bottles and they didn't to 416 00:24:44,600 --> 00:24:47,680 Speaker 1: keep the aspirin from breaking because they were worried that 417 00:24:47,760 --> 00:24:50,159 Speaker 1: somebody would take a broken tablet and it would be 418 00:24:50,200 --> 00:24:52,399 Speaker 1: too little of a dose. Or they would take a 419 00:24:52,400 --> 00:24:54,240 Speaker 1: bunch of broken tablets and it would be too much 420 00:24:54,240 --> 00:24:56,280 Speaker 1: of a dose, so they put the cotton in there 421 00:24:56,320 --> 00:24:58,560 Speaker 1: to keep them from breaking. And with the advent of 422 00:24:58,640 --> 00:25:01,240 Speaker 1: gel caps and coated cap soles and all that stuff, 423 00:25:01,280 --> 00:25:04,040 Speaker 1: there's never been a need for the cotton ball any longer. 424 00:25:04,040 --> 00:25:06,800 Speaker 1: But we've all gotten so used to it, we um 425 00:25:07,119 --> 00:25:09,639 Speaker 1: would we would be suspicious of opening a bottle of 426 00:25:09,680 --> 00:25:12,600 Speaker 1: pills without it, even though it's totally unnecessary. Now, I 427 00:25:12,640 --> 00:25:16,320 Speaker 1: love that little cotton ball. That's a great, great, great um. 428 00:25:16,320 --> 00:25:19,520 Speaker 1: It's at least one of the better um cotton ball 429 00:25:19,600 --> 00:25:23,360 Speaker 1: facts out there. Well. I like anything that can be repurposed, 430 00:25:23,480 --> 00:25:26,639 Speaker 1: like a twist six on a loaf of bread that 431 00:25:26,760 --> 00:25:30,199 Speaker 1: ties that up. Or you know, you gotta use that 432 00:25:30,240 --> 00:25:32,040 Speaker 1: cotton ball. You got a great like you don't do you? 433 00:25:32,160 --> 00:25:33,800 Speaker 1: You don't stick it back in your pill bottle, do you? 434 00:25:34,680 --> 00:25:38,760 Speaker 1: Or do you? Yes? Okay, I actually go to the 435 00:25:38,760 --> 00:25:41,719 Speaker 1: trouble of taking it out out and then putting it 436 00:25:41,760 --> 00:25:45,120 Speaker 1: back in like a total schmuck. That's right. I try 437 00:25:45,119 --> 00:25:47,480 Speaker 1: to use those things. What I do is that is 438 00:25:47,640 --> 00:25:50,320 Speaker 1: rapid toothpick with this cotton, and I use that as 439 00:25:50,359 --> 00:25:54,640 Speaker 1: a ear swab. That's not bad, not bad at all. Yeah, 440 00:25:54,680 --> 00:25:58,159 Speaker 1: the toothpick that came with uh what what comes with 441 00:25:58,200 --> 00:26:00,679 Speaker 1: the toothpick? I guess from the from the pig in 442 00:26:00,720 --> 00:26:03,439 Speaker 1: the blanket or something when you went and use the 443 00:26:03,520 --> 00:26:06,679 Speaker 1: bathroom for free at a show, niece, but refused to 444 00:26:06,720 --> 00:26:10,000 Speaker 1: eat there as I still have all these things left 445 00:26:10,040 --> 00:26:13,520 Speaker 1: over from being a a kid from the lower middle class. 446 00:26:14,280 --> 00:26:16,440 Speaker 1: You know, like it feels weird to throw away a 447 00:26:16,480 --> 00:26:21,080 Speaker 1: twist six or or those rubber bands that come around asparagus. Yeah, yeah, 448 00:26:21,160 --> 00:26:23,159 Speaker 1: who throws that stuff away? No, buddy, you got to 449 00:26:23,240 --> 00:26:25,679 Speaker 1: use that stuff, no sensible human being. I don't know 450 00:26:25,720 --> 00:26:28,520 Speaker 1: about using the cotton from a pill bottles a q 451 00:26:28,760 --> 00:26:32,320 Speaker 1: tip with a toothpick. It's actually very dangerous, chuck, But 452 00:26:32,640 --> 00:26:35,160 Speaker 1: I like the spirit behind it, you know what I mean? Yeah, 453 00:26:35,160 --> 00:26:36,840 Speaker 1: you should not do that because a qute tip or 454 00:26:36,880 --> 00:26:39,280 Speaker 1: a toothpick is way too stabby to be putting into 455 00:26:39,320 --> 00:26:41,600 Speaker 1: your ear. Yeah, for sure. And you should be using 456 00:26:41,640 --> 00:26:46,040 Speaker 1: those ear swabs anyway, right from what I understand. And 457 00:26:46,200 --> 00:26:49,160 Speaker 1: one more fact when we're cotton based fact, remember qute 458 00:26:49,160 --> 00:26:52,960 Speaker 1: tips were originally called baby gaze. Oh that's right, yea 459 00:26:53,440 --> 00:26:56,680 Speaker 1: little baby gaze what was that from the ear wax episode? 460 00:26:56,720 --> 00:27:00,880 Speaker 1: Maybe or ear candling? Maybe maybe I can't remember. Don't 461 00:27:00,920 --> 00:27:03,879 Speaker 1: do it. Don't ear candle everyone, no, at least got 462 00:27:03,920 --> 00:27:06,960 Speaker 1: that shirt now. Friends don't let friends ear candle? Right, 463 00:27:07,840 --> 00:27:12,520 Speaker 1: teenage ear candle in, don't do it. So buyer is 464 00:27:12,560 --> 00:27:15,320 Speaker 1: selling a ton of aspirin. They've always sold a ton 465 00:27:15,359 --> 00:27:17,720 Speaker 1: of aspirin. I think the most recent stat that ED 466 00:27:17,800 --> 00:27:19,960 Speaker 1: was able to dig up was from about nine years 467 00:27:19,960 --> 00:27:24,600 Speaker 1: ago in Um, where worldwide there was about forty thou 468 00:27:24,760 --> 00:27:28,480 Speaker 1: tons of aspirin produced, and in the US Americans were 469 00:27:28,520 --> 00:27:33,919 Speaker 1: taking ten billion aspirin tablets a year. Billion aspirin In 470 00:27:34,080 --> 00:27:37,520 Speaker 1: nineteen fifty UM it was the world's most purchased drug, 471 00:27:37,600 --> 00:27:40,560 Speaker 1: according to the Guinness Book of World Records. I also 472 00:27:40,640 --> 00:27:43,439 Speaker 1: read that in Argentina, in part because they have a 473 00:27:43,520 --> 00:27:46,600 Speaker 1: change shortage, like a legit one going on there. Um. 474 00:27:46,640 --> 00:27:48,960 Speaker 1: One of the things you might get is change at 475 00:27:49,000 --> 00:27:52,320 Speaker 1: the grocery store, gas station or whatever, is a couple 476 00:27:52,359 --> 00:27:56,320 Speaker 1: of tabs of aspirin. Oh nice, sure, if you makes sense? 477 00:27:56,320 --> 00:28:01,240 Speaker 1: Why not? Apparently they love their aspirin there for so. 478 00:28:01,400 --> 00:28:05,080 Speaker 1: Aspirin is one of those drugs where, for many, many, 479 00:28:05,119 --> 00:28:10,159 Speaker 1: many decades, they had no idea how it worked. It 480 00:28:10,240 --> 00:28:12,919 Speaker 1: was prescribed a lot. It eventually made its way too 481 00:28:13,080 --> 00:28:16,520 Speaker 1: over the counter in the nineteen twenties. It was one 482 00:28:16,560 --> 00:28:20,280 Speaker 1: of these things where they knew it worked because they 483 00:28:20,520 --> 00:28:22,240 Speaker 1: they did tons and tons of studies where like, this 484 00:28:22,280 --> 00:28:25,760 Speaker 1: stuff is really effective and it's the side effects aren't terrible. 485 00:28:26,040 --> 00:28:28,200 Speaker 1: As long as you're not using a ton of it, 486 00:28:28,200 --> 00:28:31,879 Speaker 1: it's pretty safe. But it's really complex when you try 487 00:28:31,920 --> 00:28:35,560 Speaker 1: and figure out how exactly chemically any drug works in 488 00:28:35,600 --> 00:28:38,560 Speaker 1: the human body, because of what happens when it gets 489 00:28:38,560 --> 00:28:40,840 Speaker 1: in your body. It's just it's it's really hard even 490 00:28:40,880 --> 00:28:44,520 Speaker 1: still to pinpoint the exact path something takes. When it's 491 00:28:44,520 --> 00:28:46,880 Speaker 1: a lot easier to say, well, hey, who cares, We've 492 00:28:46,880 --> 00:28:49,200 Speaker 1: got a thousand studies that show it works. Who cares 493 00:28:49,240 --> 00:28:52,040 Speaker 1: what chemical processes it work. Yeah, we just know that 494 00:28:52,120 --> 00:28:54,240 Speaker 1: it does work and in this way, and we also 495 00:28:54,360 --> 00:28:57,200 Speaker 1: know from all these studies that it has this side 496 00:28:57,200 --> 00:29:00,320 Speaker 1: effect and it might affect this group more or in 497 00:29:00,360 --> 00:29:03,680 Speaker 1: this way than other groups. UM. Apparently aspirin has the 498 00:29:03,760 --> 00:29:08,240 Speaker 1: largest chemical database of any compound anywhere. UM. I don't 499 00:29:08,240 --> 00:29:10,240 Speaker 1: know if that's true or not. I read it in 500 00:29:10,280 --> 00:29:15,080 Speaker 1: the Croatian brand profile of aspirin um. But it's a 501 00:29:15,120 --> 00:29:17,360 Speaker 1: great knock your socks off kind of fact if you 502 00:29:17,400 --> 00:29:22,880 Speaker 1: ask me. Yeah. But they they eventually did learn, didn't they. Um, 503 00:29:22,920 --> 00:29:27,800 Speaker 1: they definitely did learn that it does work. Um, and 504 00:29:27,920 --> 00:29:31,320 Speaker 1: exactly how I guess. Yeah, that is kind of one 505 00:29:31,360 --> 00:29:33,960 Speaker 1: of those rare examples of how we did figure it out, 506 00:29:34,120 --> 00:29:37,320 Speaker 1: isn't it. I think so? In the late sixties and 507 00:29:37,400 --> 00:29:41,320 Speaker 1: early seventies. Uh, And they were using building off the 508 00:29:41,320 --> 00:29:46,080 Speaker 1: work of Harry Collier, John Vanen, Priscilla piper Um, they 509 00:29:46,160 --> 00:29:50,240 Speaker 1: figured out that the there was a substance in the body. 510 00:29:50,680 --> 00:29:52,600 Speaker 1: It's weird. They kind of figured it out in a 511 00:29:52,680 --> 00:29:55,320 Speaker 1: roundabout way because they figured out what the substance was 512 00:29:56,160 --> 00:30:00,680 Speaker 1: that actually causes inflammation then in the body, which is uh, 513 00:30:00,760 --> 00:30:05,400 Speaker 1: the release of prostaglandin. And they figured out that insets 514 00:30:05,400 --> 00:30:09,160 Speaker 1: actually stopped this from happening, and aspirin is an inset, 515 00:30:09,200 --> 00:30:11,520 Speaker 1: like we said, And so in a roundabout way they 516 00:30:11,600 --> 00:30:14,560 Speaker 1: ended up figuring out how it worked. Yeah. Um. And 517 00:30:14,680 --> 00:30:18,160 Speaker 1: so prostaglandings are like a whole class of hormones that 518 00:30:18,200 --> 00:30:20,840 Speaker 1: are produced at the site of like an injury or 519 00:30:20,840 --> 00:30:25,320 Speaker 1: an illness to help your immune response like inflammation, pain, 520 00:30:25,800 --> 00:30:28,080 Speaker 1: all sorts of stuff that basically says like this needs 521 00:30:28,120 --> 00:30:30,560 Speaker 1: to be taken care of and the we need to 522 00:30:30,560 --> 00:30:34,320 Speaker 1: get some some immune response here as fast as possible. 523 00:30:34,520 --> 00:30:40,520 Speaker 1: And so aspirin blocks prostag landings from being released UM 524 00:30:40,520 --> 00:30:45,080 Speaker 1: by enzymes called cyclo oxygen AISE which kind of kick 525 00:30:45,120 --> 00:30:48,200 Speaker 1: off the production of prostag landings. And they figured this outly, 526 00:30:48,280 --> 00:30:50,080 Speaker 1: So this is how it works. This is how the 527 00:30:50,520 --> 00:30:54,640 Speaker 1: um anti inflammatory process works. And it's kind of a 528 00:30:55,000 --> 00:30:57,400 Speaker 1: It was a big enough deal that John Vayne received 529 00:30:57,440 --> 00:31:01,800 Speaker 1: the Nobel Prize for in two for medicine. Yeah, and 530 00:31:01,840 --> 00:31:03,720 Speaker 1: they also figured out and this is kind of key 531 00:31:03,800 --> 00:31:07,800 Speaker 1: with aspirin. Uh, not only does it um does that 532 00:31:07,960 --> 00:31:12,719 Speaker 1: enzyme inhibit that release, but it kind of can do 533 00:31:12,760 --> 00:31:18,440 Speaker 1: it permanently, which is what separates aspirin from uh, what's 534 00:31:18,480 --> 00:31:20,240 Speaker 1: what's the one? The other one, the big famous one, 535 00:31:20,960 --> 00:31:23,920 Speaker 1: Uh Adville Advill. Yes, I'm blanking because I never take 536 00:31:23,920 --> 00:31:26,120 Speaker 1: any of that stuff. Really, I'm an Adville guy. I 537 00:31:26,160 --> 00:31:27,880 Speaker 1: try not to take it because I don't want my 538 00:31:27,960 --> 00:31:31,120 Speaker 1: kidneys to blow up inside of my body. But um, 539 00:31:31,240 --> 00:31:34,520 Speaker 1: like when will you take it? Like headaches? Basically it's 540 00:31:34,520 --> 00:31:36,840 Speaker 1: a headache if my headache is bad enough, I will 541 00:31:37,440 --> 00:31:39,760 Speaker 1: I will take an advil. It's pretty rare that I 542 00:31:39,760 --> 00:31:42,880 Speaker 1: actually do, but um, yeah, I mean that's what that's 543 00:31:42,960 --> 00:31:44,920 Speaker 1: that's my go to because the other stuff doesn't work, 544 00:31:45,080 --> 00:31:46,760 Speaker 1: like Thailand all doesn't work. I mean, it doesn't do 545 00:31:46,800 --> 00:31:50,080 Speaker 1: anything for me. It's weird. You get headaches like regular 546 00:31:50,640 --> 00:31:53,360 Speaker 1: Uh no, it's pretty pretty infrequent. I have to say 547 00:31:53,400 --> 00:31:58,320 Speaker 1: I have been like the last couple of weeks. Um, 548 00:31:58,360 --> 00:32:00,520 Speaker 1: But yeah, I probably have more advil the last couple 549 00:32:00,520 --> 00:32:02,520 Speaker 1: of weeks, and I have in the last couple of years, 550 00:32:02,680 --> 00:32:06,480 Speaker 1: and they run up to the election. That's pretty funny. Yeah. 551 00:32:06,520 --> 00:32:08,400 Speaker 1: I don't never get headaches. I mean the the rare 552 00:32:08,560 --> 00:32:11,080 Speaker 1: hangover headache. But I don't get just like regular headaches 553 00:32:11,200 --> 00:32:14,480 Speaker 1: for no reason. Uh yeah, no, I normally don't either. 554 00:32:14,600 --> 00:32:17,160 Speaker 1: So what do you take? You take? Wait we established 555 00:32:17,200 --> 00:32:20,640 Speaker 1: this BC right, Yeah, and that's again just for hangover cures. 556 00:32:21,240 --> 00:32:23,920 Speaker 1: I hate that that's the only time I use that stuff, 557 00:32:23,960 --> 00:32:26,240 Speaker 1: but because I don't want to come across as a drunk. 558 00:32:26,320 --> 00:32:30,720 Speaker 1: But it's the rare, the rare hangover remedy. Got Okay, Yeah, 559 00:32:30,720 --> 00:32:32,480 Speaker 1: I think that's what most people use that stuff for. 560 00:32:32,520 --> 00:32:35,040 Speaker 1: It too Yeah, it's it's the caffeine and there it 561 00:32:35,080 --> 00:32:37,479 Speaker 1: really gives you a little boost. Sure, but you know, 562 00:32:37,520 --> 00:32:39,280 Speaker 1: all you gotta do when you get into it when 563 00:32:39,280 --> 00:32:42,920 Speaker 1: you're approaching fifty isn't learn when to stop drinking, right. 564 00:32:42,960 --> 00:32:45,240 Speaker 1: But the problem is, as you're approaching fifty, it takes 565 00:32:45,240 --> 00:32:48,720 Speaker 1: like one drink to get a hangover. Oh no, really, 566 00:32:49,440 --> 00:32:52,800 Speaker 1: sure that doesn't happen to you know, I'm good, okay 567 00:32:52,880 --> 00:32:56,520 Speaker 1: ki um. So there was one other thing that happened 568 00:32:56,520 --> 00:32:59,800 Speaker 1: to when when people were studying aspirin, like so like 569 00:32:59,840 --> 00:33:01,920 Speaker 1: the this is the point so many people are taking 570 00:33:01,960 --> 00:33:06,800 Speaker 1: aspirin that an average doctor conduct like basically a straw 571 00:33:06,880 --> 00:33:09,480 Speaker 1: pole or some sort of study on his patients or 572 00:33:09,480 --> 00:33:14,120 Speaker 1: her patients um to to investigate the effects of aspirin. 573 00:33:14,200 --> 00:33:17,200 Speaker 1: That's exactly what happened with one doctor and I believe 574 00:33:17,280 --> 00:33:22,040 Speaker 1: the fifties named Lawrence Craven, who basically said, I've noticed 575 00:33:22,080 --> 00:33:26,640 Speaker 1: that there's some sort of weird connection between more blood 576 00:33:26,680 --> 00:33:31,560 Speaker 1: loss um and ton selectomies that I'm performing on my patients. 577 00:33:31,760 --> 00:33:35,640 Speaker 1: It seems like the people who take aspirin regularly bleed more. 578 00:33:36,120 --> 00:33:38,320 Speaker 1: And he figured out that aspirin is a blood thinner 579 00:33:38,400 --> 00:33:43,640 Speaker 1: from this, Yes, and uh, I guess let's take a break. Now. 580 00:33:43,880 --> 00:33:48,040 Speaker 1: It's gonna say to save something for a surprise. But 581 00:33:48,160 --> 00:33:50,240 Speaker 1: that was the surprise. But we'll talk more about that 582 00:33:50,400 --> 00:34:18,040 Speaker 1: right after this. All right, So we've spoiled the big surprise, 583 00:34:18,160 --> 00:34:22,920 Speaker 1: which we Josh spoiled the big surprise, which is the 584 00:34:23,040 --> 00:34:26,800 Speaker 1: value of aspirin um more and more over the years 585 00:34:26,840 --> 00:34:29,880 Speaker 1: has been especially once other insects came on the scene 586 00:34:30,120 --> 00:34:32,239 Speaker 1: and took a lot of the market share has been 587 00:34:32,320 --> 00:34:38,759 Speaker 1: less fever reducer, less pain reliever, and more anticoagulant and more. Hey, 588 00:34:39,400 --> 00:34:43,040 Speaker 1: this can really help you out if you have potential 589 00:34:43,200 --> 00:34:47,600 Speaker 1: heart condition. Yeah, because they've figured out there's another prost 590 00:34:47,600 --> 00:34:51,520 Speaker 1: to land and throw on boxing A two that forms 591 00:34:51,560 --> 00:34:53,640 Speaker 1: platelets in the blood. Like if you have a cut 592 00:34:53,719 --> 00:34:56,279 Speaker 1: or something like that and your blood eventually clots. You 593 00:34:56,320 --> 00:34:59,840 Speaker 1: can thank through on boxing A two for forming that 594 00:35:00,160 --> 00:35:03,360 Speaker 1: the plate lists are joining the plate lists together UM 595 00:35:03,480 --> 00:35:08,560 Speaker 1: and aspirin specifically keeps that from happening. And like you said, 596 00:35:09,200 --> 00:35:11,480 Speaker 1: the other in SAIDs don't do that. It's just aspirin. 597 00:35:11,560 --> 00:35:16,160 Speaker 1: And from that discovery, aspirin was saved from probably obscurity. Yeah, 598 00:35:16,480 --> 00:35:19,840 Speaker 1: there was a point in the I think the seventies, eighties, nineties, 599 00:35:19,880 --> 00:35:22,279 Speaker 1: maybe even where aspirin didn't even make the list of 600 00:35:22,320 --> 00:35:25,240 Speaker 1: top ten over the counter pain relievers. It had fallen 601 00:35:25,280 --> 00:35:27,359 Speaker 1: so far out of favor. Yeah, it was like, that's 602 00:35:27,360 --> 00:35:31,600 Speaker 1: your parents pain reliever. It's not cool. That was not hip. 603 00:35:31,680 --> 00:35:35,680 Speaker 1: Aspirin was going the way of the dodo and then 604 00:35:35,719 --> 00:35:39,879 Speaker 1: they discovered this anti coagulant, uh sort of, I mean 605 00:35:39,880 --> 00:35:42,440 Speaker 1: not a side effect. I guess it just became a 606 00:35:42,440 --> 00:35:45,160 Speaker 1: a cross use or something, and then it became the 607 00:35:45,200 --> 00:35:48,160 Speaker 1: main use. And there are a few different reasons why 608 00:35:48,239 --> 00:35:51,799 Speaker 1: you might take something like um, it's usually like a 609 00:35:51,800 --> 00:35:55,359 Speaker 1: baby aspirin, but it sort of depends. But um, it's 610 00:35:55,400 --> 00:35:58,759 Speaker 1: always very low dose, but primary prevention if you've if 611 00:35:58,760 --> 00:36:00,200 Speaker 1: you've never had a stroke, you've never had out a 612 00:36:00,200 --> 00:36:02,760 Speaker 1: heart attack, but you may be at risk for something 613 00:36:02,800 --> 00:36:05,799 Speaker 1: like that. Your doctor might say you want to get 614 00:36:05,840 --> 00:36:09,880 Speaker 1: on a daily baby aspirin. Not always because the benefits 615 00:36:09,880 --> 00:36:13,120 Speaker 1: are somewhat uncertain, and there you know, there are other 616 00:36:13,239 --> 00:36:15,719 Speaker 1: risks like again, it thins the blood, so if you 617 00:36:16,239 --> 00:36:18,040 Speaker 1: if you get cut or something, you're gonna bleed a 618 00:36:18,040 --> 00:36:22,000 Speaker 1: lot more. And they don't exactly know why. But it affects. 619 00:36:22,719 --> 00:36:25,759 Speaker 1: It helps prevent heart attacks better for men, strokes better 620 00:36:25,800 --> 00:36:29,319 Speaker 1: for women. It is very weird, but that all falls 621 00:36:29,320 --> 00:36:33,719 Speaker 1: into the banner of of of preventative aspirin taking. Yeah, 622 00:36:33,760 --> 00:36:37,000 Speaker 1: and because it can cause bleeding and it can also 623 00:36:37,520 --> 00:36:41,280 Speaker 1: cause potentially gastro intestinal bleeding from messing with your stomach 624 00:36:41,320 --> 00:36:44,080 Speaker 1: so bad even a low dose, but a chronic low dose. 625 00:36:44,640 --> 00:36:47,399 Speaker 1: Um that they say, unless you have a high risk, 626 00:36:47,440 --> 00:36:49,839 Speaker 1: you probably don't want to start that regiment every day. 627 00:36:49,880 --> 00:36:54,600 Speaker 1: So um, basically, don't start taking aspirin without talking to 628 00:36:54,719 --> 00:36:57,759 Speaker 1: your doctor first. Like that's definitely one of those caveats 629 00:36:57,800 --> 00:37:01,080 Speaker 1: that you want to you want to say too. Yeah, yeah, absolutely. Um. 630 00:37:01,280 --> 00:37:04,239 Speaker 1: Secondary prevention is the next one. Uh, if you have 631 00:37:04,280 --> 00:37:07,479 Speaker 1: actually had a vascular event, if you've had a stroke 632 00:37:07,560 --> 00:37:10,960 Speaker 1: or a heart attack, then you will probably almost assuredly 633 00:37:11,040 --> 00:37:14,920 Speaker 1: be prescribed to take that daily low dose aspirin because 634 00:37:15,600 --> 00:37:19,879 Speaker 1: it is statistically significant, um that they have found there 635 00:37:19,880 --> 00:37:22,960 Speaker 1: are large, large reductions in subsequent heart attacks and strokes 636 00:37:23,360 --> 00:37:25,160 Speaker 1: if you've already had one and then you start that 637 00:37:25,200 --> 00:37:29,680 Speaker 1: low dose and that nuts. Yeah, it's amazing. Um. Like 638 00:37:29,719 --> 00:37:33,040 Speaker 1: they they there was a study in the estimated I 639 00:37:33,080 --> 00:37:35,120 Speaker 1: think it was a British study that was published in 640 00:37:35,160 --> 00:37:40,799 Speaker 1: the British Medical journal UM that aspirin probably saves a 641 00:37:40,880 --> 00:37:43,480 Speaker 1: hundred thousand lives a year. I guess the back in 642 00:37:43,520 --> 00:37:46,840 Speaker 1: the mid nineties at least just from that secondary prevention. 643 00:37:47,120 --> 00:37:50,480 Speaker 1: It's amazing. And then there's a cute vascular events e g. 644 00:37:50,960 --> 00:37:53,520 Speaker 1: You're having a heart attack or a stroke right now, 645 00:37:54,480 --> 00:37:57,480 Speaker 1: they say go take an aspirin, at least one aspirin, 646 00:37:57,760 --> 00:38:03,440 Speaker 1: maybe two, and it will actually possibly saved your life. Yeah. 647 00:38:03,520 --> 00:38:05,759 Speaker 1: I mean they've done study after study and it has 648 00:38:05,840 --> 00:38:10,200 Speaker 1: significant increase in survival rates. So chuck. There's some other 649 00:38:10,280 --> 00:38:12,640 Speaker 1: weird stuff that they're like, we don't really know how 650 00:38:12,640 --> 00:38:16,120 Speaker 1: this works. It's just typical aspirin stuff. We just know 651 00:38:16,239 --> 00:38:19,239 Speaker 1: that it works. UM. That are starting to become like 652 00:38:19,440 --> 00:38:23,800 Speaker 1: a pretty substantial body of medical literature about other benefits 653 00:38:23,880 --> 00:38:27,960 Speaker 1: that aspirin provides, not the least of which is it 654 00:38:27,960 --> 00:38:31,759 Speaker 1: seems to prevent some forms of cancer. Yeah, cancer is 655 00:38:31,800 --> 00:38:34,760 Speaker 1: a big one. Uh. It might slow or even prevent 656 00:38:35,520 --> 00:38:40,160 Speaker 1: dementira on set um. They've shown there's there's some evidence 657 00:38:40,200 --> 00:38:43,839 Speaker 1: that it reduces mortality for women that are high risk 658 00:38:43,920 --> 00:38:47,680 Speaker 1: for preclampsia, which is a sort of a high blood 659 00:38:47,719 --> 00:38:52,200 Speaker 1: pressure thing that happens to pregnant women. UM. So yeah, 660 00:38:52,239 --> 00:38:54,520 Speaker 1: they're just now. And like you said that, there's been 661 00:38:54,520 --> 00:38:58,000 Speaker 1: more studies about aspirin like any other medicine, and they 662 00:38:58,000 --> 00:39:02,200 Speaker 1: haven't stopped because they're still discovering things like this. Yeah. 663 00:39:02,239 --> 00:39:04,960 Speaker 1: They so with specific kinds of cancer. It seems like 664 00:39:05,000 --> 00:39:08,319 Speaker 1: colorectal cancer is the one that that people benefit from 665 00:39:08,320 --> 00:39:10,680 Speaker 1: the most, at least as far as we know right now. 666 00:39:10,960 --> 00:39:13,480 Speaker 1: There's one study that found a thirty eight percent decrease. 667 00:39:13,560 --> 00:39:19,040 Speaker 1: This is a fourteen thousand person population study. Um or Yeah, 668 00:39:19,360 --> 00:39:22,799 Speaker 1: population sample. Thirty eight percent reduction in the chances of 669 00:39:22,840 --> 00:39:26,040 Speaker 1: getting colorectal cancer if you took a daily aspirin regimen. 670 00:39:26,400 --> 00:39:30,399 Speaker 1: It's amazing. Uh. It's not all great though, like we said, 671 00:39:30,400 --> 00:39:35,120 Speaker 1: they're they're the regular side effects like the bleeding and 672 00:39:35,360 --> 00:39:40,040 Speaker 1: the stomach issues and potentially stomach bleeding. Uh. They've also 673 00:39:40,080 --> 00:39:43,280 Speaker 1: found that it suppresses immune response, and they don't fully 674 00:39:43,320 --> 00:39:47,640 Speaker 1: get that, um, but they do think that. I think 675 00:39:47,800 --> 00:39:52,600 Speaker 1: it's the low dose aspirin over Uh. I think the 676 00:39:52,640 --> 00:39:55,319 Speaker 1: lo dos aspirin is not hindering the ammune response. It's 677 00:39:55,320 --> 00:39:58,160 Speaker 1: really just the higher doses. But they figured out, well, 678 00:39:58,200 --> 00:40:03,120 Speaker 1: actually we can use this unlike graft operations or organ transplants. 679 00:40:03,120 --> 00:40:06,160 Speaker 1: You can give somebody aspirin and it will keep help 680 00:40:06,280 --> 00:40:11,799 Speaker 1: keep the body from rejecting it. Yeah, that pretty amazing. Historically, 681 00:40:11,840 --> 00:40:14,040 Speaker 1: they have sort of looked back now and said, I 682 00:40:14,080 --> 00:40:17,359 Speaker 1: think all this heavy aspirin use might have heard us 683 00:40:17,360 --> 00:40:20,680 Speaker 1: in the past with things like the nineteen eighteen flu pandemic, 684 00:40:21,280 --> 00:40:23,400 Speaker 1: the mortality rate could have increased because they were just 685 00:40:23,440 --> 00:40:27,919 Speaker 1: like shoveling aspirin down those their throats. Yeah. What else, 686 00:40:27,920 --> 00:40:30,600 Speaker 1: There's a couple of other things. Um Again, there's that 687 00:40:30,760 --> 00:40:34,359 Speaker 1: g I bleedings that they found that, um, if you 688 00:40:34,480 --> 00:40:37,759 Speaker 1: already have a blood clotting disorder, you probably don't want 689 00:40:37,760 --> 00:40:41,920 Speaker 1: to take aspirin. And I read somewhere that um Restputant 690 00:40:42,239 --> 00:40:46,200 Speaker 1: actually gained favor from the Romanovs from saving one of 691 00:40:46,200 --> 00:40:51,600 Speaker 1: the romanovs kids lives who had hemophilia by saying like 692 00:40:51,800 --> 00:40:54,960 Speaker 1: they needed to stop using any kind of modern medicine, 693 00:40:54,960 --> 00:40:58,400 Speaker 1: which included aspirin, which probably saved the kid's life because 694 00:40:58,719 --> 00:41:01,319 Speaker 1: it kept it from being UM kept the blood from 695 00:41:01,360 --> 00:41:05,640 Speaker 1: thinning of in a kid that already had hemophilia, And 696 00:41:05,760 --> 00:41:08,960 Speaker 1: they thought reciput and was a magical healer for that. Uh. 697 00:41:09,000 --> 00:41:10,880 Speaker 1: And then another thing we should mention in the eighties 698 00:41:10,920 --> 00:41:15,400 Speaker 1: and nineties, they discovered that giving aspirin to kids really 699 00:41:15,440 --> 00:41:19,520 Speaker 1: increase their chances of something called race syndrome or race 700 00:41:19,560 --> 00:41:23,840 Speaker 1: syndrome R E y E, which causes brain swelling, brain damage, 701 00:41:24,360 --> 00:41:27,640 Speaker 1: very often least to death. And there were This was 702 00:41:27,680 --> 00:41:30,600 Speaker 1: a big discovery and a lot of guidelines UM went 703 00:41:30,640 --> 00:41:33,040 Speaker 1: in place where they all of a sudden, like kids 704 00:41:33,120 --> 00:41:36,839 Speaker 1: using aspirin went down by which at the time was 705 00:41:37,320 --> 00:41:40,880 Speaker 1: along with the increase of other insects, really really put 706 00:41:40,920 --> 00:41:43,680 Speaker 1: a hurt and on aspirin's market share. Yeah. No, they 707 00:41:43,680 --> 00:41:46,640 Speaker 1: found that if you cut the use of aspirin UM, 708 00:41:46,719 --> 00:41:50,279 Speaker 1: the rates of race syndrome and kids went down. I 709 00:41:50,400 --> 00:41:53,399 Speaker 1: was like, yeah, so they were like stop using get 710 00:41:53,440 --> 00:41:58,319 Speaker 1: stopped giving your kids aspirin. Yeah, basically, And it was 711 00:41:58,360 --> 00:42:00,440 Speaker 1: already like you're saying, I mean the ends other end 712 00:42:00,480 --> 00:42:02,080 Speaker 1: sets they cut into their market shore and that one 713 00:42:02,160 --> 00:42:06,120 Speaker 1: almost killed aspirin. It was just that the heart protectiveness 714 00:42:06,160 --> 00:42:09,120 Speaker 1: that brought it back. Yeah. Another thing that almost killed 715 00:42:09,880 --> 00:42:13,279 Speaker 1: aspirin and buyer was UM. After World War One, they 716 00:42:13,280 --> 00:42:17,000 Speaker 1: were bought out by IG Farben and um if you 717 00:42:17,040 --> 00:42:19,160 Speaker 1: know anything about I G Farb in that company, they 718 00:42:19,239 --> 00:42:24,680 Speaker 1: manufactured zyclon b, very scary stuff. Um, but bear survived 719 00:42:24,680 --> 00:42:28,320 Speaker 1: all that. The dissolution of I G Farben eventually happened 720 00:42:28,920 --> 00:42:30,920 Speaker 1: and they were able to kind of just say, hey, 721 00:42:31,040 --> 00:42:33,319 Speaker 1: that wasn't us. We weren't doing that. We're the good 722 00:42:33,320 --> 00:42:37,720 Speaker 1: old fashioned aspirin and heroin people, right exactly. So um, 723 00:42:37,760 --> 00:42:40,120 Speaker 1: over the years they figured out like, Okay, there's still 724 00:42:40,120 --> 00:42:44,120 Speaker 1: problems with aspirin that we we could stand to still 725 00:42:44,200 --> 00:42:46,360 Speaker 1: keep going, Like the whole G I bleeding thing seems 726 00:42:46,360 --> 00:42:49,000 Speaker 1: to be a problem. So they've come with different formulations 727 00:42:49,400 --> 00:42:51,439 Speaker 1: and h ed who helps us with this? One turned 728 00:42:51,520 --> 00:42:53,640 Speaker 1: up that there was at least one mentioned that they 729 00:42:53,680 --> 00:42:59,520 Speaker 1: tried to chocolate coating of aspirin, which sounds delicious, but 730 00:42:59,560 --> 00:43:02,080 Speaker 1: he couldn't find any other place that had that. No, 731 00:43:02,239 --> 00:43:05,160 Speaker 1: but they did make the just easier to swallow and 732 00:43:05,320 --> 00:43:08,720 Speaker 1: less bitter coded versions they did. And let's not forget 733 00:43:08,760 --> 00:43:12,880 Speaker 1: buffer and remember buffering. What was buffering, even buffering was 734 00:43:12,920 --> 00:43:17,560 Speaker 1: an aspirin with a UM and UH and acid attached 735 00:43:17,600 --> 00:43:21,239 Speaker 1: to it, and that's that was It kept your your 736 00:43:21,280 --> 00:43:24,920 Speaker 1: stomach from getting upset, and apparently Bear also came up 737 00:43:24,920 --> 00:43:28,440 Speaker 1: with a version that had a coating so strong it 738 00:43:28,640 --> 00:43:33,760 Speaker 1: survives your stomach and and it dissolves in the gut 739 00:43:33,760 --> 00:43:36,640 Speaker 1: where it's needed. Where it's it's absorbed, you just poop it. 740 00:43:36,640 --> 00:43:42,600 Speaker 1: Eyeah's totally useless. It's called bear useless aspirin. It's called corn. 741 00:43:43,760 --> 00:43:47,879 Speaker 1: All right, that's how they coded. Dude, Uh, you got 742 00:43:47,880 --> 00:43:52,040 Speaker 1: anything else? I got nothing else? Okay, Well, since Chuck 743 00:43:52,080 --> 00:43:53,960 Speaker 1: said he's got nothing else and I said I got 744 00:43:54,000 --> 00:43:56,560 Speaker 1: nothing else, and we're just both presuming that Jerry's got 745 00:43:56,600 --> 00:44:02,440 Speaker 1: nothing else, it's time for listener mail. Uh. This is 746 00:44:02,440 --> 00:44:05,920 Speaker 1: from Alex Ramos about the Bay of Pigs movie. And 747 00:44:06,040 --> 00:44:09,640 Speaker 1: by the way, uh, we should issue a quick correction. 748 00:44:10,520 --> 00:44:13,040 Speaker 1: I had one too, but I know that you very 749 00:44:13,160 --> 00:44:17,359 Speaker 1: much misspoke when you said Roberto Clemente was dishonorably discharged. 750 00:44:17,719 --> 00:44:20,640 Speaker 1: Oh thank you. Yes, that was just a mouth error. 751 00:44:21,160 --> 00:44:23,520 Speaker 1: We knew that it was honorable, and I didn't catch 752 00:44:23,560 --> 00:44:25,759 Speaker 1: it at the time either. So thanks for those h 753 00:44:26,520 --> 00:44:30,040 Speaker 1: for yends pittsburgh Ians who wrote in yes, and then 754 00:44:30,080 --> 00:44:31,560 Speaker 1: there was one I did oh, I think, Oh yeah, 755 00:44:31,640 --> 00:44:40,200 Speaker 1: rabbits aren't rodents. I got that. But rodents are rabbits? Right? What? Alright? 756 00:44:40,200 --> 00:44:43,279 Speaker 1: Greetings from State College, Pennsylvania. I love your show. Guys. 757 00:44:43,320 --> 00:44:44,839 Speaker 1: Started listening in a couple of years ago to East 758 00:44:44,840 --> 00:44:47,040 Speaker 1: of Pain and Monotony of scraping off old wallpaper in 759 00:44:47,040 --> 00:44:49,319 Speaker 1: the house my wife and I had just bought and 760 00:44:49,360 --> 00:44:52,000 Speaker 1: have been a devoted listener ever since. Listening to Bay 761 00:44:52,000 --> 00:44:54,600 Speaker 1: of Pigs right now. I haven't finished yet, so I 762 00:44:54,680 --> 00:44:57,200 Speaker 1: may be jumping the gun. You're not, but you were 763 00:44:57,280 --> 00:44:59,399 Speaker 1: musing about making a movie one day about the Bay 764 00:44:59,440 --> 00:45:01,520 Speaker 1: of Pigs opera ration. I want to let you know 765 00:45:01,640 --> 00:45:04,680 Speaker 1: that they're sort of is. There's a Coleman Francis movie 766 00:45:04,719 --> 00:45:07,879 Speaker 1: called Red Zone, Cuba that is partially about the Bay 767 00:45:07,880 --> 00:45:11,040 Speaker 1: of Pigs operation and also, for some reason, about a 768 00:45:11,120 --> 00:45:14,520 Speaker 1: tungsten mine with hidden treasure. It's a real snooze fest, 769 00:45:14,680 --> 00:45:17,359 Speaker 1: plotting and confusing, which is why it was picked up 770 00:45:17,360 --> 00:45:19,680 Speaker 1: by Mystery Science Theater three thousand back in the day. 771 00:45:20,120 --> 00:45:23,240 Speaker 1: It's a film for derision. I may have actually watched 772 00:45:23,239 --> 00:45:25,759 Speaker 1: it then. If that's the case, I don't remember it. 773 00:45:25,760 --> 00:45:27,960 Speaker 1: Though I don't remember that one either say in their 774 00:45:27,960 --> 00:45:30,480 Speaker 1: commentary is great, makes it watchable? I love the show. 775 00:45:30,560 --> 00:45:33,000 Speaker 1: Keep it up. Also and the off chance you read 776 00:45:33,000 --> 00:45:34,840 Speaker 1: this on the air, wouldn't mind you plugging my artwork? 777 00:45:34,960 --> 00:45:37,680 Speaker 1: Of course, Alex will plug your artwork. I'm a self 778 00:45:37,680 --> 00:45:42,760 Speaker 1: taught painter, mostly painting realistic still life pieces and acrylic 779 00:45:43,320 --> 00:45:47,120 Speaker 1: and my work can be found at Alex dot Ramos 780 00:45:47,160 --> 00:45:50,120 Speaker 1: Studio dot com. That is our a m O S. 781 00:45:50,680 --> 00:45:54,279 Speaker 1: Very nice, nice plug, Chuck, that was beautiful. It's good. 782 00:45:54,280 --> 00:45:56,960 Speaker 1: We don't plug stuff a lot, but we love we 783 00:45:57,040 --> 00:45:59,560 Speaker 1: love artists, and people are out there trying to scrape 784 00:45:59,560 --> 00:46:03,520 Speaker 1: by here in this weird time and I'm not seeing 785 00:46:03,520 --> 00:46:05,719 Speaker 1: it right now. When I just clicked it, though, I 786 00:46:05,719 --> 00:46:09,759 Speaker 1: think I clicked them the wrong ding. Okay, God, did 787 00:46:09,800 --> 00:46:12,520 Speaker 1: you just fall for a phishing scam? I don't think so. 788 00:46:12,640 --> 00:46:15,560 Speaker 1: I think I just went to Ramos Studio and x 789 00:46:15,840 --> 00:46:24,640 Speaker 1: Alex dot Ramis Studios. Yeah, we're going with Ramos there either, 790 00:46:25,080 --> 00:46:29,960 Speaker 1: Famous Ramos Is Alex from now on. UM, Well, if 791 00:46:30,000 --> 00:46:33,040 Speaker 1: you want to send us a confusing email or at 792 00:46:33,120 --> 00:46:36,600 Speaker 1: least confusing with a confusing U r L. We love 793 00:46:36,719 --> 00:46:39,680 Speaker 1: those because Chuck loves to try him on air and 794 00:46:39,680 --> 00:46:42,920 Speaker 1: then hilarity ensues. You can wrap it up, spank it 795 00:46:42,960 --> 00:46:45,520 Speaker 1: on the bottom, and send it off to Stuff podcast 796 00:46:45,560 --> 00:46:51,320 Speaker 1: at iHeart radio dot com. Stuff you Should Know is 797 00:46:51,320 --> 00:46:54,160 Speaker 1: a production of iHeart Radio. For more podcasts for my 798 00:46:54,200 --> 00:46:57,320 Speaker 1: heart radiovisit the iHeart radio app, Apple Podcasts, or wherever 799 00:46:57,360 --> 00:46:58,640 Speaker 1: you listen to your favorite shows.