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Speaker 1: Guess what, Mango, what's that? Will do? You remember back

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Speaker 1: in two thousand and eight when Michael Phelps had that

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Speaker 1: daily diet that got so much attention because he was

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Speaker 1: eating these insane amounts of food. Yeah, he was eating

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Speaker 1: something like eight thousand calories a day. You try twelve

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Speaker 1: thousand cowers a day during his peak training, he need

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Speaker 1: a whole pizza, pound of pasta, three fried eggs, French toast,

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Speaker 1: multiple burgers, and it seemed like anything else he could

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Speaker 1: get his hands on, which seems so gross but also

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Speaker 1: kind of the best thing ever. And during those same Olympics,

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Speaker 1: Hussein Bolt reportedly ate forty seven thousand calories worth of

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Speaker 1: chicken McNuggets. Yeah, he was eating them with fries for breakfast, lunch,

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Speaker 1: and dinner. That seems at less great. Yeah, but wouldn't

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Speaker 1: sixteen year old Mango think of it's pretty incredible. So

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Speaker 1: I started thinking about this, and I know you've been

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Speaker 1: getting back into the tennis, and I've been running a

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Speaker 1: good bet these past few years. But I thought, if

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Speaker 1: I could just take this to the extreme, I may

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Speaker 1: be able to follow a similar diet. Like let's say

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Speaker 1: I'm running twenty miles a week, right, now, and I

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Speaker 1: just keep doubling that for the next five weeks, I'd

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Speaker 1: be running six hundred and forty miles a week by

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Speaker 1: the end of this. I'm so excited about this. Then

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Speaker 1: I could eat like twelve Chipotle burritos every day and

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Speaker 1: still have room for a half dozen Wendy Spicy Chicken

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Speaker 1: sandwiches and maybe even a couple of those naked chicken

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Speaker 1: choloopas after I run for the border. It's gonna be great.

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Speaker 1: But after our research for today's episodes, Science may have

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Speaker 1: crushed my dreams again. It turns out there's not quite

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Speaker 1: as strong of a connection between exercise and weight loss

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Speaker 1: as we once thought. So that's what we're gonna talk

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Speaker 1: about today, Stupid Science Day their podcast listeners, Welcome to

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Speaker 1: Part Time Genius. I'm Will Pearson and as always I'm

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Speaker 1: joined by my good friend Manes Ticketer, and today we're

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Speaker 1: diving into the topic of exercise, its benefits, it's limitations,

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Speaker 1: whether it can actually help us shed some unwanted pounds,

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Speaker 1: and if it really makes us healthier people. And fear not,

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Speaker 1: we also have a couple of our patented, ridiculous quizzes

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Speaker 1: along the way. Who've we got on the line today, Mango.

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Speaker 1: So we'll be talking to Herman Pontzer, and anthropology professor

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Speaker 1: at Hunter College in New York City. He's responsible for

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Speaker 1: some truly incredible research on exercise, and he's gonna help

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Speaker 1: us get to the bottom of just how useful physical

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Speaker 1: activity really is for burning calories. We're also going to

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Speaker 1: talk to a couple of personal trainers and see if

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Speaker 1: we can whip them into shape through the power of

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Speaker 1: our trivia. Right, So, before today's episode, I would have

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Speaker 1: told you that exercising is probably the best way to

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Speaker 1: lose weight simply based on the conventional wisdom of calories in,

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Speaker 1: calories out. I mean that sounds sensible, right, Sure, We're

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Speaker 1: taken calories through what we eat and drink and then

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Speaker 1: burn them up through exercise. The more you exercise, the

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Speaker 1: more calories you burn, and the more weight you lose.

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Speaker 1: It just makes sense, it does. But there are actually

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Speaker 1: all these studies conducted over the last few years that

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Speaker 1: suggests exercise really isn't an effective way to lose excess weight.

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Speaker 1: For example, Dr Timothy Church at the Pennington Biomedical Research

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Speaker 1: Center at l s U. He held an experiment where

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Speaker 1: hundreds of overweight women were given strict workout regiments for

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Speaker 1: six months. The one group of them exercised a little

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Speaker 1: over an hour each week, another one for a little

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Speaker 1: over two hours, and another for over three hours. There

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Speaker 1: was also a fourth group that stuck to their typical

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Speaker 1: routine and didn't exercise at all. And against all logic

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Speaker 1: and fairness, there was no major difference in the weight

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Speaker 1: loss between the women who had exercised and the ones

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Speaker 1: who had And how pissed would you be if you

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Speaker 1: were that three hour group. In fact, some of the

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Speaker 1: women in the exercise groups actually gained weight, which doesn't

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Speaker 1: seem fair at all. I mean, they put into work,

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Speaker 1: they deserve a reward. Well, it's funny you should say that,

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Speaker 1: because Church actually concluded that the rewards were the problem.

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Speaker 1: You know, exercise stimulates appetite, and many of the women

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Speaker 1: counteracted their work by over eating afterward. Church suggested that

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Speaker 1: it was justified in their minds. Is kind of a

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Speaker 1: self reward for all the energy that exerted through exercise. Yeah,

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Speaker 1: we hear that sort of thinking all the time, like

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Speaker 1: cheat days and junk food rewards for going to the gym.

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Speaker 1: But if we're canceling out the calories we burn, then

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Speaker 1: we're probably imagining our workouts to be much more effective

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Speaker 1: than they really are. I mean, the Department of Health

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Speaker 1: and Human Services recommends people aim for at least thirty

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Speaker 1: minutes of physical activity every day, but at thirty minute

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Speaker 1: workout that only burns about two hundred calories, and the

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Speaker 1: average slice of pizza contains close to like three hundred calories.

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Speaker 1: So you can see how the map doesn't quite work.

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Speaker 1: It's really just not fair at all. But it isn't

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Speaker 1: just those powerful post workout indulgences that counteract calories burned

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Speaker 1: through exercise. You know, the things we consume in preparation

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Speaker 1: for even during a workout can also take a toll,

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Speaker 1: which is a good point. I mean, those two hundred

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Speaker 1: calories you burned during your thirty minutes on the treadmill,

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Speaker 1: every single one goes right back into your body thanks

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Speaker 1: to that bottle of gatorade or that energy bar you

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Speaker 1: might have scarfed down while running right right, And the

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Speaker 1: same goes for the bagel or the oatmeal used to

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Speaker 1: carbo load before your workout, And we think the energy

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Speaker 1: from these meals is going to help us power through

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Speaker 1: and burn more calories at the gym, But it's actually

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Speaker 1: the calories from those pregame foods that are going to

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Speaker 1: get burned off first. And why is that Well, because

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Speaker 1: sugar from what you've just consumed will still be floating

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Speaker 1: freely in your bloodstream, and it takes muscle tissue much

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Speaker 1: less energy to take that sugar than it does to

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Speaker 1: burn off the existing fat stores. So your most recent

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Speaker 1: meal will always be the first to go during a workout.

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Speaker 1: But we can always just exercise a little longer, right,

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Speaker 1: I mean, once those preliminary calories are gone, our muscle

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Speaker 1: cells will start chipping away at storage fat for fuel. Well,

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Speaker 1: I mean yes and no. According to some breakthrough research

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Speaker 1: from Herman Ponzer, there are a lot of assumptions we've

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Speaker 1: been making about human metabolism that they're not quite right.

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Speaker 1: So you know, it's true that a longer workout would

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Speaker 1: result in more calories burned and even some from storage fat.

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Speaker 1: But we know there's a limit to how many calories

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Speaker 1: your body will metabolize in any gift and day, So

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Speaker 1: I'm definitely intrigued. But before we get too far into this,

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Speaker 1: we should probably clarify the basics of metabolism, all right, well,

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Speaker 1: I'll let you do that. Go for it, okay. So

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Speaker 1: metabolism is basically the sum of all the processes that

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Speaker 1: takes place in our bodies. We're talking digestion, respiration, the

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Speaker 1: production of cells, the movement of substances between cells, you

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Speaker 1: name it, and all these processes require energy, which our

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Speaker 1: bodies released from the calories we consume. So even without

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Speaker 1: exercise and other forms of physical activity, we still burned

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Speaker 1: through or metabolize a huge number of calories simply by

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Speaker 1: being alive. Yeah, exactly. So back to Herman Ponsers World

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Speaker 1: Shattering Research and February's issue of Scientific American, Herman shared

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Speaker 1: findings from his study of the Hadza tribe and rule Tanzania.

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Speaker 1: He and other researchers spent a whole month living with

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Speaker 1: the Hatsa, who were one of the last traditional hunter

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Speaker 1: gatherer cultures left on earth. That was during this time

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Speaker 1: that Herman and his partners recorded measurements of the daily

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Speaker 1: energy expenditures of a couple dozen tribesmen and women. So

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Speaker 1: this allowed them to compare the daily calorie burn of

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Speaker 1: a society in which every member is highly active to

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Speaker 1: a Western society like our own, and which members are

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Speaker 1: more you know, sedentary. Well, back up a second. You

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Speaker 1: said the researchers measured the hadzas daily energy expenditure, But

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Speaker 1: I'm wondering how they pull that off. Are you really

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Speaker 1: wondering that mango or are you just sensing there's an

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Speaker 1: opportunity here to talk about doubly labeled water? Of course

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Speaker 1: it is, you know, I love the d l W.

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Speaker 1: Doubly Labeled water is the special water in which the

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Speaker 1: hydrogen and oxygen molecules have been either partly or entirely

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Speaker 1: replaced with heavy isotopes that aren't usually found in the

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Speaker 1: human body. And it's safe to drink this stuff completely.

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Speaker 1: They're stable isotopes, so they're non radioactive. But here's what's

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Speaker 1: great about them. After somebody drinks d l W that's

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Speaker 1: been enriched, researchers suddenly have this tracking mechanism. Basically, by

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Speaker 1: measuring the concentration found in urine samples, researchers can determine

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Speaker 1: a person's daily rate of carbon dioxide production. And since

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Speaker 1: carbon dioxide is a waste product of our bodies energy

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Speaker 1: making processes, calculating how much C O two someone produces

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Speaker 1: in a day is the best way to measure their

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Speaker 1: energy expenditure. That is pretty neat. Yeah, Doubly labeled water

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Speaker 1: has become the gold standard for measuring how much energy

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Speaker 1: a person consumes. Like, the margin of error is pretty small,

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Speaker 1: and in fact, the only downside is the cost. D

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Speaker 1: LW is expensive, Like are we talking smart water expensive

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Speaker 1: or like Fiji water expensive? No, it's so much more

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Speaker 1: than that. Dl W runs researchers about dollars per test subjects. Actually,

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Speaker 1: you know what this really expensive water reminds me of?

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Speaker 1: And I know that this is totally off topic, but

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Speaker 1: did you know that the federal government actually sells a

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Speaker 1: two jar of peanut butter and there's just six ounces

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Speaker 1: of peanut butter in there. It's like a tiny jar.

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Speaker 1: And it also goes by this incredibly catchy name. Are

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Speaker 1: you ready for it? Standard Reference Material number two three

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Speaker 1: eight of it? Oh? That sounds delicious, But why is

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Speaker 1: it actually so expensive? Is it more delicious? No, it's

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Speaker 1: the wonkiest reason ever. It's the super precise like peanut butter,

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Speaker 1: with specific levels of amino acids and fats and carcinogens.

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Speaker 1: And it's mostly used for quality controls so companies can

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Speaker 1: test their standards against the governments and make sure it

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Speaker 1: measures up. But as a result, no one actually eats

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Speaker 1: the peanut butter. It's just for lad purposes, which only

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Speaker 1: makes me want to try it more like with a

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Speaker 1: really cheap jelly. All right, well, let's get back to D. L. W.

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Speaker 1: Let me tell you what herman and his partners were

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Speaker 1: actually able to learn from having the Hods of tribe

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Speaker 1: drink it. Lay it on me. Well, first, let me

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Speaker 1: preface this by saying that the Hods are the kings

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Speaker 1: and queens of exercise. Every single day, the men trek

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Speaker 1: miles and miles to hunt for game with homemade bows

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Speaker 1: and arrows. They scale forty foot trees to hack tree

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Speaker 1: limbs with hatchets and gather wild honey. Now, the women

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Speaker 1: forage all day for wild berries and other edible plants

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Speaker 1: like tubers that they dig out of the ground with sticks.

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Speaker 1: Even the kids of the tribe are put to work

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Speaker 1: by hauling pails of water from a mile or more away. Okay,

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Speaker 1: so they're seriously active and no one sitting at their desks, right,

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Speaker 1: definitely not. But what the researchers found was that even

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Speaker 1: though the Hadzas lives are far more physically demanding. The

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Speaker 1: amount of calories day ate and burned through in the

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Speaker 1: day was the same as in Europe and the US. Now,

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Speaker 1: the men went through about twenty six hundred calories a

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Speaker 1: day and the women burned through about nineteen hundred. According

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Speaker 1: to Herman, we looked at the data every way imaginable,

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Speaker 1: accounting for the effects of body size, fat percentage, age,

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Speaker 1: and sex. No difference at all, which is insane, isn't it.

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Speaker 1: I mean that you naturally assume that physically active people

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Speaker 1: would burn more calories, of course, but the research really

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Speaker 1: doesn't bear that out. In fact, they did a follow

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Speaker 1: up study with about three hundred participants and it showed

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Speaker 1: the exact same thing. The people who were the most

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Speaker 1: active burned the same daily amount of calories as those

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Speaker 1: who were only moderately active, and the participants who barely

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Speaker 1: left the couch at all burned about two fewer calories

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Speaker 1: than them, the same amount they would have burned from

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Speaker 1: a mere thirty minutes of exercise. Doesn't seem to suggest

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Speaker 1: that our metabolisms are like fixed like. It almost seems

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Speaker 1: like there's a preset amount of calories that your body

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Speaker 1: is willing to burn in any given day. And no

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Speaker 1: matter how far you run or how many push ups

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Speaker 1: you do, you won't be able to top that max limit.

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Speaker 1: But my bigger question is this, why doesn't the Hadza

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Speaker 1: hunter burn more in a day than the average office worker. Well,

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Speaker 1: I'm not sure we really have the answer to that yet,

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Speaker 1: but one thing I've seen researches suggest is that our

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Speaker 1: bodies account for the calories burned through physical activity by

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Speaker 1: dialing back on the number of calories we devote to

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Speaker 1: the background functions that keep us alive. About six of

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Speaker 1: the calories we burn each day go to these unseen

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Speaker 1: or unconscious processes, so it's possible that when our physical

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Speaker 1: activity pushes us beyond that other of daily cloric expenditure,

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Speaker 1: our body is just cut back on the calorie spin

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Speaker 1: on tobolic processes. This would help even the scales and

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Speaker 1: keep us from exceeding our preset energy budget for the day,

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Speaker 1: which is really cool but also disheartening. Right, no wonder,

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Speaker 1: I've got this paunch. I feel so betrayed. Don't take

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Speaker 1: it too hard. So a fixed daily energy expenditure limit

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Speaker 1: is likely, and evolved trade meant to help conserve our

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Speaker 1: fat stores for when we really need them. I mean,

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Speaker 1: imagine if the Hotsa hunters were free to burn through

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Speaker 1: ten thousand calories during a hunt instead of the typical

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Speaker 1: two thousand or so, if they were to come up

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Speaker 1: empty handed, they would have lost five days worth of

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Speaker 1: calories in one with no prospects for replacing them. And

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Speaker 1: at that rate they're already limited. Fat stores will be

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Speaker 1: depleted in no time, and they'd find themselves on the

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Speaker 1: brink of starvation. Which is a great point, but still

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Speaker 1: doesn't make you feel like maybe all that time spent

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Speaker 1: exercising was I don't know, kind of a waste. Want

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Speaker 1: no hold on a second, So don't forget that exercise

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Speaker 1: has all kinds of great benefits beyond weight loss. For starters,

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Speaker 1: exercises fantastic for your heart and blood vessels. It makes

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Speaker 1: your heart contract with greater force and frequency, which increases

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Speaker 1: blood flow leads to less artery clogging. There's also plenty

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Speaker 1: of evidence that exercise helps reduce the risk of some cancers,

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Speaker 1: as well as type two diabetes and cardiovascular disease. But

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Speaker 1: one of my favorite benefits of exercise that often goes overlooked.

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Speaker 1: Not only does it help strengthen your muscles, it helps

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Speaker 1: strengthen your bones too. Just like muscles, bones grow stronger

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Speaker 1: when they've been made to carry more weight than normal.

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Speaker 1: So your muscles contract during exercise, they apply force to

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Speaker 1: the bones that support those parts of the body. The

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Speaker 1: added force stimulates the bones and causes them to reinforce

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Speaker 1: themselves by building new tissue, which is really cool. But

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Speaker 1: you know, Will, I'm pretty sure we'd have to forfeit

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Speaker 1: our part time Genius membership cards if we miss the

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Speaker 1: chance to talk about some of the more amazing mental

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Speaker 1: benefits of exercise, like thanks to Fernando Gomez Pinia, a

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Speaker 1: neuro surgery professor at U c l A, we now

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Speaker 1: have some firm evidence of that connection. Namely, we know

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Speaker 1: that exercise increases the number of certain molecules in the

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Speaker 1: brain that are crucial for cognition. Because apple, there's one

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Speaker 1: molecule called brain derived neurotrophic factor, or b d NF,

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Speaker 1: and that stimulates the growth and survival of brain cells

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Speaker 1: and even helps facilitate communication between them. And there have

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Speaker 1: been some studies on rats that have shown that physical

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Speaker 1: activity boost b d n F levels in the hippocampus,

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Speaker 1: which is a part of the brain that's super important

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Speaker 1: for learning and even memory function, all right, but how

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Speaker 1: exactly does that help the rats? Well, that higher level

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Speaker 1: of b d NF actually allowed them to better remember

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Speaker 1: how they find their way through underwater mazes, and there

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Speaker 1: are tons of studies that suggest that same kind of

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Speaker 1: mental improvement from fitness happens in humans as well well.

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Speaker 1: A better brain is definitely a nice perk. But there's

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Speaker 1: another mental benefit to exercise that I like even more,

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Speaker 1: and that's mood enhancement. You probably heard of runners high

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Speaker 1: or exercise high, sure, and I've heard of both of those.

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Speaker 1: That's the euphoric feeling you get when you're need even

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Speaker 1: a strenuous workout, right. And while most people think it's

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Speaker 1: caused by endorphins, you know, those dandy neurochemicals that minimize

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Speaker 1: pain and stir up feelings of well being, exercise eyes

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Speaker 1: are actually do more to neurotransmitters like sarah tonin and

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Speaker 1: neuro epinephrin. So our bodies pump more of these throughout

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Speaker 1: our nervous systems during workouts, which elevates our mood and

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Speaker 1: helps fight back feelings of stress and depression. Okay, so

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Speaker 1: maybe our bodies aren't quite the turn coats. That made

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Speaker 1: them out to be. But we've definitely been misinformed about

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Speaker 1: the role of exercise and weight loss. How do you

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Speaker 1: think this misunderstanding got started? And uh, is there really

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Speaker 1: no basis for thinking exercises an effective way to lose weight? Well,

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Speaker 1: there's are great questions, but before we exhaust ourselves, but

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Speaker 1: we check in with our guests for a little quiz.

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Speaker 1: Sound so our guest today is partially responsible for our

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Speaker 1: interest in today's topic. His research has contributed to a

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Speaker 1: much better understanding of the relationship between our daily activity,

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Speaker 1: our daily calorie consumption and energy use and calorie burning

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Speaker 1: and all of that. And his name just kind of

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Speaker 1: sounds like he should have a theory named for him.

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Speaker 1: Herman Ponzer welcomed his part time genius. Hi, how you

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Speaker 1: doing doing well? Thank you? See what I mean, Manga,

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Speaker 1: I mean, can't you just imagine something called the Herman

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Speaker 1: Ponser theory of why we're still so freaking fat? Sounds right? Yeah, yeah,

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Speaker 1: we'll see if we can make that happen. So all right, Herman, Well,

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Speaker 1: let's just start with your research. And Tanzania, I mean,

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Speaker 1: which got a lot of attention a few years ago,

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Speaker 1: and people are still talking about it. Can you tell

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Speaker 1: us why you were studying there and and and just

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Speaker 1: let our listeners know about your findings from that research. Sure. Well,

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Speaker 1: I'm an evolutionary biologist who's interested in how humans got

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Speaker 1: to be the way they are and how the human

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Speaker 1: body works from a kind of an evolutionary perspective. Um.

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Speaker 1: And of course humans we've all spent the most most

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Speaker 1: of our history as hunter gathers. If you go back,

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Speaker 1: you know, a couple of thousand years, all of us

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Speaker 1: are hunting and gathering, and you know, back two million

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Speaker 1: years ago and didnting gathering kind of starts. So we

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Speaker 1: have a long evolutionary history of hunting the gathering. Uh.

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Speaker 1: Not many populations hunt and gather anymore, um, but that

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Speaker 1: makes sort of understanding how their lifestyles and their you know,

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Speaker 1: their physiology works all the more important because we think

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Speaker 1: it's a really important sort of uh touchstone for understanding

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Speaker 1: how our bodies work, even in our weird environments today.

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Speaker 1: So in northern Tanzania, there's a population called the Hadza,

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Speaker 1: who are one of the last UH populations on Earth

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Speaker 1: that are still hunt and gather regularly, so they don't

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Speaker 1: have any crops or domesticated animals or vehicles or guns

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Speaker 1: or machines or anything like that. They wake up every

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Speaker 1: morning and go off and hunt wild game and gather

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Speaker 1: wild plant foods, just like you know all of us,

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Speaker 1: did you know, just a few generations ago. Uh. And

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Speaker 1: so there's this really amazing and cool and generous and

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Speaker 1: wonderful population to work with to try to understand how

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Speaker 1: that lifestyle affects the way our bodies work. And one

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Speaker 1: of the fundamental things we wanted to understand was how

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Speaker 1: many calories they burn every day, because we thought, well,

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Speaker 1: they're so active. We know they're extremely active, but they've

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Speaker 1: burned tons more calories every day than we do here

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Speaker 1: in you know, in the US, US and Europe another

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Speaker 1: kind of westernized societies. And what we found instead, to

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Speaker 1: our huge surprise, was they burned the same number of

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Speaker 1: calories every day as you and I do. Wow. So

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Speaker 1: if they were wearing a fitbit or something like that,

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Speaker 1: would it, I mean, it would tell them that they

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Speaker 1: had burned probably thousands more calories than they actually had.

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Speaker 1: Is that true? Or you're right, yeah, the fit that

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Speaker 1: would tell them the same lies that it tells you,

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Speaker 1: which you know, however, active you are, determines how many

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Speaker 1: calories you burned. So we know from other studies that

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Speaker 1: we've done since that they just to confirm our intuitions there. Uh,

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Speaker 1: and this is obvious to anybody who's works with these

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Speaker 1: With these folks, Uh, they are incredibly physically active, sort

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Speaker 1: of like three to five times more physically active every

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Speaker 1: day than the average westerner. Um. And yet despite that,

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Speaker 1: they're still burning the same number of calories as we do.

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Speaker 1: So you know, they're also really healthy. They have really

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Speaker 1: healthy hearts and immune systems. They don't have diabetes or

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Speaker 1: anything like that. We think the physical activity is a

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Speaker 1: big part of that. So it's important for health, but

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Speaker 1: it's not what keeping them, you know, sort of protected

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Speaker 1: from obesity. Yeah, and that's a big part of what

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Speaker 1: we're trying to remind our listeners of today is just

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Speaker 1: because there's not this as strong of a connection as

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Speaker 1: we might have thought between exercise and weight loss, they're

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Speaker 1: obviously very real benefits to doing the exercise that we do. Yeah,

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Speaker 1: that's a really important point because you know, when we

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Speaker 1: came out with this study and said, hey, look, these

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Speaker 1: hunter gather folks who are important to understand our history

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Speaker 1: and and how our bodies work. Um, and we thought

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Speaker 1: that they would burn so many work colgies and and

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Speaker 1: the rest of us do. Turns out that that's not true. Um.

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Speaker 1: The response that we got was, you know, emails from

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Speaker 1: out of the blue saying, you know, you're destroying the

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Speaker 1: world because you're telling people not to exercise, right, And

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Speaker 1: of course that's not what we were saying at all.

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Speaker 1: You still to exercise is still important for your health.

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Speaker 1: It's just that it doesn't work the way that we

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Speaker 1: thought it work, which was the exciting and fun part

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Speaker 1: of the science. You know, something that's been puzzling to us.

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Speaker 1: And this really isn't related exactly to the HODSA, but

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Speaker 1: you know, you remember during previous summer Olympics when you'd

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Speaker 1: see all these stories on Michael Phelps and his daily

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Speaker 1: diet and Michaels questions. I knew it was exactly So yeah,

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Speaker 1: you had to know it was coming. So so just

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Speaker 1: I mean, and again of that's that this is called

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Speaker 1: the Ponser effect. So, um, so the the insane amount

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Speaker 1: of food that he would eat in order to keep

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Speaker 1: up with his fitness regiment. I mean, how was he

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Speaker 1: not super fat during this process? Yeah? Well, so there's

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Speaker 1: two cans. There's at least two pieces of this. One

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Speaker 1: is that, um, Michael Phelps is not a normal human

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Speaker 1: and uh that's obvious if you watch him swim and

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Speaker 1: how fast he is an amazing as he is an athlete. UM.

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Speaker 1: And so you know what he's doing during those those

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Speaker 1: workout you know cycles where he's burning ten talent colories.

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Speaker 1: By the way, actually measured how many calories he's bringing

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Speaker 1: during these cycles, So we don't really know. You see

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Speaker 1: number thrown around like eight thousand calories a day, um,

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Speaker 1: which maybe is to um. We know that if you

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Speaker 1: look at like a Tour de France cyclist like is

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Speaker 1: happening right now um, or where you look at Michael

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Speaker 1: Phelps during or another Olympic athlete during these really intense

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Speaker 1: training and competition times that for a few weeks or

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Speaker 1: even you know a couple of months, your body can

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Speaker 1: burn tons more calories than that would be normal. UM.

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Speaker 1: What we don't know is what are the limits to that.

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Speaker 1: I don't think Michael Phelps can burn itsels and colors

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Speaker 1: to day forever. I think that you know, his body

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Speaker 1: would break down. UM. And I think that you know,

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Speaker 1: we can do that during certain periods. And the other

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Speaker 1: piece of this is that you know, there's a reason

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Speaker 1: that not everybody's Michael Phelps, and it might well be

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Speaker 1: that people who are flexible enough in their metabolic rate

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Speaker 1: to to sort of be able to handle that huge

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Speaker 1: influx are the people who end up being Olympic athletes,

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Speaker 1: you know. Um. And I think the third thing I'd

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Speaker 1: say is it just goes to show you, um, you know,

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Speaker 1: we we think of I think sometimes the paleo diet,

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Speaker 1: imagine these elite athletes as being kind of indicative of

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Speaker 1: what our path was like, right Like if we were

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Speaker 1: only if we only exercise like Michael Phelps, we'd all

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Speaker 1: be back in this sort of state of nature. Um.

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Speaker 1: And in fact, people like Michael Felts are way on

429
00:22:16,320 --> 00:22:19,040
Speaker 1: the extreme of of beyond what's what's normal for any

430
00:22:19,119 --> 00:22:24,120
Speaker 1: human society anywhere. The cycial activity levels extremely too, extremely high. Well,

431
00:22:24,160 --> 00:22:26,040
Speaker 1: I feel like we've been ponsored. So it's time to

432
00:22:26,080 --> 00:22:29,720
Speaker 1: turn the tables here and put into the test. We're

433
00:22:29,720 --> 00:22:31,919
Speaker 1: gonna play a little quiz with herman here. What's our

434
00:22:31,960 --> 00:22:34,679
Speaker 1: quiz called today, Mango, It's called real vintage diet or

435
00:22:34,720 --> 00:22:36,639
Speaker 1: something we just made up all right, So this is

436
00:22:36,640 --> 00:22:38,600
Speaker 1: a pretty simple game. We're going to read you a

437
00:22:38,640 --> 00:22:40,560
Speaker 1: list of diets and you're going to tell us if

438
00:22:40,600 --> 00:22:43,359
Speaker 1: they're real or whether we just made them up. Does

439
00:22:43,440 --> 00:22:47,280
Speaker 1: that sound sound good to you? Herman? All right, Here

440
00:22:47,280 --> 00:22:50,440
Speaker 1: we go five questions. The first one the seven day

441
00:22:50,520 --> 00:22:54,800
Speaker 1: milk diet, real or made up? Um, I'll tell you this.

442
00:22:54,960 --> 00:22:57,560
Speaker 1: A guy ran across the US in two other fift

443
00:22:57,840 --> 00:23:02,480
Speaker 1: drinking almost drinking milk and almost nothing else. So I

444
00:23:02,520 --> 00:23:05,680
Speaker 1: want to say. I want to say true, because full

445
00:23:05,720 --> 00:23:10,400
Speaker 1: a lot of good stuff. Worth that sounds terrible, Yeah,

446
00:23:09,840 --> 00:23:14,159
Speaker 1: it's true. In seventies, pamphlet put off by the California

447
00:23:14,200 --> 00:23:17,639
Speaker 1: Milk Advisory Board advised eating less and drinking milk with

448
00:23:17,680 --> 00:23:20,920
Speaker 1: every meal. Wow, that sounds horrible, and then running it

449
00:23:21,080 --> 00:23:24,160
Speaker 1: just sounds then run across the country. Alright. Number two

450
00:23:24,320 --> 00:23:29,000
Speaker 1: the sexy pineapple diet, which happens to come from Denmark. Um,

451
00:23:29,240 --> 00:23:32,960
Speaker 1: the sexy pineapple diet. I'm gonna say there's no. But

452
00:23:33,119 --> 00:23:35,680
Speaker 1: there's no way. I studied people, and I can tell

453
00:23:35,720 --> 00:23:41,160
Speaker 1: you about people. Is no human culture fined pineapple sexy.

454
00:23:41,200 --> 00:23:44,919
Speaker 1: I'm going to say no to the sex. This is

455
00:23:44,960 --> 00:23:48,640
Speaker 1: actually true? And where did this come from. Yeah, Buzzby

456
00:23:48,640 --> 00:23:50,879
Speaker 1: had found this diet book from nineteen seventy and the

457
00:23:51,040 --> 00:23:54,639
Speaker 1: Chicago Tribune it actually reviewed it and they panned it, saying,

458
00:23:54,680 --> 00:23:57,439
Speaker 1: if you're ready to be miserable about something, this diet

459
00:23:57,560 --> 00:24:03,400
Speaker 1: guarantees twenty four hour dismay. Yeah. That so there we go. Alright,

460
00:24:04,359 --> 00:24:08,439
Speaker 1: one out of two. Number three, Chowder through the thirty

461
00:24:08,480 --> 00:24:12,640
Speaker 1: day Chowder, Power diet. Chowder through the thirty day Chowder

462
00:24:12,680 --> 00:24:16,280
Speaker 1: Power Diet. I just I don't want that to be true.

463
00:24:16,320 --> 00:24:22,040
Speaker 1: So I'm gonna say no, I'm you know, man, go,

464
00:24:22,119 --> 00:24:23,880
Speaker 1: I don't know how many skills you have, but this

465
00:24:23,960 --> 00:24:25,840
Speaker 1: is one of your skills to make up things like

466
00:24:25,880 --> 00:24:28,399
Speaker 1: this that just sounds so real. So yes, this is

467
00:24:28,440 --> 00:24:31,720
Speaker 1: this is in fact fault. Right, Yeah, it's false. There

468
00:24:31,800 --> 00:24:33,800
Speaker 1: was a tune around the clock diet for a while.

469
00:24:34,000 --> 00:24:36,320
Speaker 1: Tune around the clock. Alright, So he's two for three.

470
00:24:36,359 --> 00:24:39,880
Speaker 1: Let's see the next one. Skinny like Lincoln the Gettysburg

471
00:24:40,080 --> 00:24:47,040
Speaker 1: ration diet um fault because Lincoln was skinny because he

472
00:24:47,160 --> 00:24:49,879
Speaker 1: was he had a condition. I think I don't think

473
00:24:49,920 --> 00:24:55,040
Speaker 1: he was skinny because I would ate. Yeah, right, So

474
00:24:55,119 --> 00:24:58,000
Speaker 1: the last one here, he's three out of four. The

475
00:24:58,119 --> 00:25:02,800
Speaker 1: drinking Man's diet. Do you have any details on this?

476
00:25:02,920 --> 00:25:07,119
Speaker 1: I mean, what man side? And I got to you

477
00:25:07,119 --> 00:25:10,080
Speaker 1: give me details. It kind of gives it away, doesn't it. Um,

478
00:25:10,119 --> 00:25:15,919
Speaker 1: So so tell me nothing, tell me nothing. True, Absolutely true,

479
00:25:16,359 --> 00:25:19,560
Speaker 1: it's true. I like that. You didn't need any more detail,

480
00:25:19,640 --> 00:25:22,280
Speaker 1: but we'll give you a little. It was subtitled how

481
00:25:22,320 --> 00:25:25,520
Speaker 1: to Lose Weight with Minimum Willpower and it was basically

482
00:25:25,520 --> 00:25:29,639
Speaker 1: in nineteen sixties Atkins Diet. It was based on eating

483
00:25:29,640 --> 00:25:32,160
Speaker 1: steak and drinking nothing but whiskey. All right, well that's

484
00:25:32,160 --> 00:25:35,879
Speaker 1: pretty impressive. So so how's herman done today? Herman did

485
00:25:35,880 --> 00:25:38,920
Speaker 1: an incredible four for five, and in addition to our

486
00:25:39,040 --> 00:25:41,280
Speaker 1: harder than admiration, we're actually gonna send him a copy

487
00:25:41,320 --> 00:25:43,359
Speaker 1: of a book we found called Help Lord the Devil

488
00:25:43,400 --> 00:25:47,800
Speaker 1: Wants Me Fat, a scriptural approach to trim and attractive bodies.

489
00:25:48,280 --> 00:25:50,879
Speaker 1: That's gonna be a great prize. Well, Herman, thanks so

490
00:25:50,920 --> 00:25:53,399
Speaker 1: much for joining us today. Thank you. It was a

491
00:25:53,400 --> 00:26:11,080
Speaker 1: lot of fun. You're listening to part time genius and

492
00:26:11,119 --> 00:26:15,080
Speaker 1: we're talking about the surprising truth behind exercise. So mego.

493
00:26:15,119 --> 00:26:17,159
Speaker 1: Before the break, I was wondering who to blame for

494
00:26:17,200 --> 00:26:19,679
Speaker 1: the fact that exercise has sort of become synonymous with

495
00:26:19,720 --> 00:26:22,240
Speaker 1: weight loss in our minds. Any ideas on that. You're

496
00:26:22,240 --> 00:26:26,679
Speaker 1: asking me to name names, I actually am. Yeah. Well,

497
00:26:26,720 --> 00:26:28,720
Speaker 1: I did some digging, and while it might be a

498
00:26:28,720 --> 00:26:31,720
Speaker 1: little unfair to lay the entire blame for a widespread

499
00:26:31,800 --> 00:26:36,439
Speaker 1: cultural misunderstanding on one individual, there's no denying that John

500
00:26:36,440 --> 00:26:39,359
Speaker 1: Mayor makes a pretty good scapegoat. I'll take it. So

501
00:26:39,480 --> 00:26:42,840
Speaker 1: who is who is John? Mayer? Said? Well, John is

502
00:26:42,880 --> 00:26:46,440
Speaker 1: this French American scientist and nutritionists who did some high

503
00:26:46,440 --> 00:26:50,680
Speaker 1: profile research on the physiology of hunger and metabolism during

504
00:26:50,680 --> 00:26:54,000
Speaker 1: the mid twentieth century. In fact, thanks to his breakthrough

505
00:26:54,080 --> 00:26:57,640
Speaker 1: studies on rats, babies, and school girls in the nineteen fifties,

506
00:26:58,000 --> 00:27:00,919
Speaker 1: Mayor became the first researcher to make a connection between

507
00:27:01,119 --> 00:27:04,520
Speaker 1: exercise and weight loss. He showed that the less physically

508
00:27:04,520 --> 00:27:07,159
Speaker 1: active a person was, the more likely they were to

509
00:27:07,200 --> 00:27:09,240
Speaker 1: be overweight. All right, hold on, so you're saying that

510
00:27:09,359 --> 00:27:12,760
Speaker 1: prior to Mayor, nobody thought that burning calories through exercise

511
00:27:12,840 --> 00:27:15,880
Speaker 1: might result in weight loss. Yeah, it sounds so crazy,

512
00:27:16,000 --> 00:27:18,520
Speaker 1: but that line of thinking was unpopular in the scientific

513
00:27:18,520 --> 00:27:22,920
Speaker 1: community before Mayor came along. In fact, during the nineteen thirties,

514
00:27:22,960 --> 00:27:25,640
Speaker 1: some scientists actually argued that bed rest was the most

515
00:27:25,640 --> 00:27:28,879
Speaker 1: effective way to treat best patients, not exercise. Can you

516
00:27:28,920 --> 00:27:30,960
Speaker 1: imagine this? Aw Are you guys going to hike without me?

517
00:27:31,000 --> 00:27:32,680
Speaker 1: And my doctor says I need to shut a few pounds.

518
00:27:32,680 --> 00:27:35,560
Speaker 1: I'm just gonna lie right here right. It sounds like

519
00:27:35,600 --> 00:27:38,520
Speaker 1: one of those crazy diets or miracle cures you sometimes

520
00:27:38,600 --> 00:27:42,560
Speaker 1: hear about that you know, never actually works. But back

521
00:27:42,600 --> 00:27:45,400
Speaker 1: to Mayor. He actually served as an advisor to both

522
00:27:45,440 --> 00:27:48,040
Speaker 1: the White House and to the w h O, which

523
00:27:48,080 --> 00:27:50,200
Speaker 1: made him a top name in nutrition and one of

524
00:27:50,240 --> 00:27:53,280
Speaker 1: the most influential figures in the public health sphere thanks

525
00:27:53,320 --> 00:27:55,960
Speaker 1: to the connections he made between exercise and weight loss.

526
00:27:56,280 --> 00:27:58,520
Speaker 1: The idea of getting fit took off in the sixties

527
00:27:58,520 --> 00:28:02,840
Speaker 1: and seventies, which led to this uh thriving gym industry

528
00:28:02,920 --> 00:28:05,240
Speaker 1: in a cultural obsession with working out as a way

529
00:28:05,280 --> 00:28:08,280
Speaker 1: to lose weight and to live healthier, and it clearly

530
00:28:08,280 --> 00:28:11,560
Speaker 1: snowballed from their Obesity rates have risen dramatically over the

531
00:28:11,640 --> 00:28:14,119
Speaker 1: last few decades as more and more of the population

532
00:28:14,160 --> 00:28:17,320
Speaker 1: began trading jobs on farms and in factories for these

533
00:28:17,320 --> 00:28:20,439
Speaker 1: desk jobs. It probably made sense to conclude that this

534
00:28:20,520 --> 00:28:23,880
Speaker 1: more sedentary lifestyle was the cause of all that weight gain, right,

535
00:28:23,960 --> 00:28:27,200
Speaker 1: But today's scientists, no, that's not the full story. It's

536
00:28:27,200 --> 00:28:29,879
Speaker 1: actually a case of mixing up cause and effect. People

537
00:28:29,920 --> 00:28:33,560
Speaker 1: aren't overweight because they're inactive. They're inactive because they're overweight.

538
00:28:33,880 --> 00:28:35,919
Speaker 1: It's harder to stay active when you weigh more, so

539
00:28:36,240 --> 00:28:38,440
Speaker 1: many people just don't. Well, it makes sense because it

540
00:28:38,480 --> 00:28:41,480
Speaker 1: points back to the real culprit behind the obesity epidemic,

541
00:28:41,520 --> 00:28:44,680
Speaker 1: and that's diet. We really have an obscene amount of

542
00:28:44,680 --> 00:28:47,280
Speaker 1: food options today, and thanks to lifestyles that are more

543
00:28:47,320 --> 00:28:51,360
Speaker 1: sedentary compared to previous generations, we have plenty of opportunities

544
00:28:51,400 --> 00:28:54,360
Speaker 1: to over indulge on all of that variety, and we

545
00:28:54,480 --> 00:28:57,960
Speaker 1: take full advantage of this. For instance, researchers at Harvard

546
00:28:58,000 --> 00:29:01,160
Speaker 1: conducted to surveys on food consume. One was in the

547
00:29:01,160 --> 00:29:03,600
Speaker 1: mid nineteen seventies and then a second in the mid

548
00:29:03,680 --> 00:29:06,240
Speaker 1: nine nineties, and they found that although the number of

549
00:29:06,280 --> 00:29:09,440
Speaker 1: calories expended didn't change significantly in that time period, the

550
00:29:09,520 --> 00:29:12,120
Speaker 1: number of calories consumed in a day increased by two

551
00:29:12,240 --> 00:29:15,040
Speaker 1: hundred and sixty eight calories for men and a hundred

552
00:29:15,040 --> 00:29:17,480
Speaker 1: and forty three for women. Yeah, it really does sound

553
00:29:17,560 --> 00:29:21,200
Speaker 1: like our unfettered access to affordable, no muss prepared foods

554
00:29:21,240 --> 00:29:24,320
Speaker 1: has taken a toll on our waistlines. I mean, we're

555
00:29:24,400 --> 00:29:29,160
Speaker 1: constantly surrounded by food, and according to Brian wantsonk uh Cornell,

556
00:29:29,280 --> 00:29:32,080
Speaker 1: researcher who studies how we eat, we eat the amount

557
00:29:32,120 --> 00:29:34,320
Speaker 1: of food we do mostly because of what's around us.

558
00:29:34,760 --> 00:29:38,480
Speaker 1: In his book Mindless Eating, Brian writes, we overeat not

559
00:29:38,560 --> 00:29:41,880
Speaker 1: because of hunger, but because of family and friends, packages

560
00:29:41,920 --> 00:29:46,120
Speaker 1: and plates, names and numbers, labels and lights, colors and candles,

561
00:29:46,160 --> 00:29:50,600
Speaker 1: shapes and smells, distractions and distances, cupboards and containers. This

562
00:29:50,640 --> 00:29:53,480
Speaker 1: list is almost as endless as it's invisible. I think

563
00:29:53,520 --> 00:29:57,040
Speaker 1: he was just showing off his illiterative ability. That was impressive.

564
00:29:57,680 --> 00:29:59,960
Speaker 1: So it's not so much that are less active lifestyle

565
00:30:00,080 --> 00:30:02,080
Speaker 1: have made us gain weight, but that we've developed a

566
00:30:02,120 --> 00:30:05,280
Speaker 1: bad habit of filling that downtime with mindless eating brought

567
00:30:05,280 --> 00:30:08,280
Speaker 1: on by food cues. Exactly. It's the reverse principle of

568
00:30:08,320 --> 00:30:11,200
Speaker 1: out of sight, out of mind. Brian calls it insight

569
00:30:11,320 --> 00:30:14,200
Speaker 1: in stomach creative. This guy is just full of them,

570
00:30:14,240 --> 00:30:17,040
Speaker 1: and it's a serious problem. For example, if you have

571
00:30:17,080 --> 00:30:19,400
Speaker 1: cookies or chips sitting out on your counter, there's a

572
00:30:19,440 --> 00:30:22,040
Speaker 1: strong chance you'll weigh about eight pounds more than a

573
00:30:22,040 --> 00:30:25,120
Speaker 1: person who doesn't. Oh wow, we really are that suggestible,

574
00:30:25,120 --> 00:30:27,880
Speaker 1: aren't we. Yeah, and it gets much worse. Soda is

575
00:30:27,880 --> 00:30:29,800
Speaker 1: one of the big examples that gets brought up as

576
00:30:29,840 --> 00:30:33,160
Speaker 1: a contributor to rising ob CD rates, and it looks

577
00:30:33,200 --> 00:30:35,479
Speaker 1: like that's for a good reason. Apparently, if you keep

578
00:30:35,560 --> 00:30:38,320
Speaker 1: soda on hand in plain sight, like front and center

579
00:30:38,360 --> 00:30:42,080
Speaker 1: in your fridge, you're gonna weigh on average twenty pounds

580
00:30:42,120 --> 00:30:44,240
Speaker 1: more than a person who doesn't. Okay, you're just scaring

581
00:30:44,240 --> 00:30:46,720
Speaker 1: me now, My god. So we've got to figure out

582
00:30:46,720 --> 00:30:48,280
Speaker 1: a way to keep our weight in check. And it's

583
00:30:48,320 --> 00:30:51,800
Speaker 1: clear now that exercise alone isn't going to cut it. Still,

584
00:30:51,840 --> 00:30:54,080
Speaker 1: I don't want to write off weight loss through exercise

585
00:30:54,160 --> 00:30:57,160
Speaker 1: completely like the nineteen thirties type. So let's try to

586
00:30:57,200 --> 00:31:00,280
Speaker 1: make sense of how to really maximize its benefits. Great,

587
00:31:00,400 --> 00:31:02,840
Speaker 1: but before we get into that, let's break for a quiz.

588
00:31:12,120 --> 00:31:15,160
Speaker 1: Welcome back to part time Genius. So here we are mango,

589
00:31:15,440 --> 00:31:20,640
Speaker 1: four chiseled bodies all in one room, or rather rather,

590
00:31:20,760 --> 00:31:24,520
Speaker 1: two personal trainers and two podcasters. I think yeah, but

591
00:31:24,520 --> 00:31:28,200
Speaker 1: there's a twelve tip between the fourmus I'm with you

592
00:31:28,280 --> 00:31:30,120
Speaker 1: on that. So, so who do we have us with

593
00:31:30,200 --> 00:31:33,200
Speaker 1: us in studio today? Mango, We've got Jenet words and

594
00:31:33,320 --> 00:31:36,400
Speaker 1: Mario Jordan's from the form Athletic Club in Pont City

595
00:31:36,400 --> 00:31:39,280
Speaker 1: Market right here in Atlanta. That is just right downstairs

596
00:31:39,320 --> 00:31:41,960
Speaker 1: from us. So welcome guys, thanks for having us having us.

597
00:31:42,040 --> 00:31:44,680
Speaker 1: All right, So we were just talking before before we

598
00:31:44,720 --> 00:31:47,160
Speaker 1: started out that, Mario, you were telling us a little

599
00:31:47,160 --> 00:31:50,040
Speaker 1: bit about your your breakfast regiment every single day. What

600
00:31:50,120 --> 00:31:54,400
Speaker 1: is it that usually? Um, it's basically two cups of

601
00:31:54,400 --> 00:32:02,080
Speaker 1: old meal and six hard boarding me. So say, okay,

602
00:32:02,080 --> 00:32:03,760
Speaker 1: hard ball. You didn't say that before because I was

603
00:32:03,760 --> 00:32:07,040
Speaker 1: gonna ask if we're doing this like Rocky? So no, no, yeah,

604
00:32:07,520 --> 00:32:11,080
Speaker 1: have you have you ever done that? Can't do it? Okay,

605
00:32:11,120 --> 00:32:14,360
Speaker 1: it's horrible. I don't do scrambled eggs or yeah, you're

606
00:32:14,400 --> 00:32:17,320
Speaker 1: just always horrible. How about you, Janee? Do you how

607
00:32:17,360 --> 00:32:20,760
Speaker 1: many do you have? Eight eggs? Oh? No, probably throughout

608
00:32:20,800 --> 00:32:23,840
Speaker 1: the day I could, but um, generally I'll have about

609
00:32:23,920 --> 00:32:27,920
Speaker 1: four egg whites, sometimes one whole egg and either protein

610
00:32:28,000 --> 00:32:32,120
Speaker 1: pancake or ezekiel bread oatmeal. It just takes so long

611
00:32:32,240 --> 00:32:34,560
Speaker 1: to eat for me, so I really don't know how

612
00:32:34,600 --> 00:32:39,440
Speaker 1: Mario gets through. And actually, with the hard boiled eggs,

613
00:32:39,480 --> 00:32:41,160
Speaker 1: I have this problem where I used to when I

614
00:32:41,160 --> 00:32:42,959
Speaker 1: would travel a lot and I would stop in and

615
00:32:43,000 --> 00:32:45,080
Speaker 1: grab a couple of hard boiled eggs real quick, and

616
00:32:45,080 --> 00:32:47,840
Speaker 1: I would eat them too fast, and I just knew

617
00:32:47,840 --> 00:32:49,960
Speaker 1: that I was dying because I couldn't breathe, like you're

618
00:32:50,080 --> 00:32:52,760
Speaker 1: choking up because they're so dry. Does that ever happen

619
00:32:52,760 --> 00:32:56,400
Speaker 1: to you? Sometimes? Most of them. I mean it depends

620
00:32:56,440 --> 00:32:58,480
Speaker 1: on how long you cook it. Something just overcooked and

621
00:32:58,560 --> 00:33:07,960
Speaker 1: it will it'll be dry. Ye. This actually speaks to

622
00:33:08,000 --> 00:33:11,800
Speaker 1: what we've been talking about today. That is important as exercises. Clearly,

623
00:33:11,920 --> 00:33:14,000
Speaker 1: diet is very important. That's why these two are in

624
00:33:14,080 --> 00:33:16,520
Speaker 1: such great shape because they're not exactly slacky. Now do

625
00:33:16,560 --> 00:33:19,400
Speaker 1: you guys have your cheat days or how does that

626
00:33:19,440 --> 00:33:22,600
Speaker 1: work for you? Guys? Um? For me, I prep my

627
00:33:22,680 --> 00:33:26,240
Speaker 1: food um pretty much weekly, whether it's for seven days

628
00:33:26,360 --> 00:33:29,240
Speaker 1: or three days. And then yes, I do cheat. I'm human.

629
00:33:29,360 --> 00:33:32,040
Speaker 1: I actually work out and eat right, so I can't

630
00:33:32,040 --> 00:33:34,200
Speaker 1: eat it like that's one of the things I do.

631
00:33:34,280 --> 00:33:38,120
Speaker 1: So yes, okay, how about you? I'm the same way. Um,

632
00:33:38,320 --> 00:33:44,040
Speaker 1: I have cheap meals here and there that Doritos locos, Uh,

633
00:33:44,480 --> 00:33:49,280
Speaker 1: milkshakes from Chick fil A good, Those are insane. That's

634
00:33:49,320 --> 00:33:53,320
Speaker 1: my advice right now. Yeah, mine is case so Mexican

635
00:33:53,360 --> 00:33:56,840
Speaker 1: food in case. All right. Well, I know you guys

636
00:33:56,840 --> 00:34:00,320
Speaker 1: have put yourself through a lot as as as personal trainers,

637
00:34:00,360 --> 00:34:02,000
Speaker 1: and you work really hard every day. I don't think

638
00:34:02,000 --> 00:34:03,920
Speaker 1: you've ever seen anything like you're going to see with

639
00:34:03,960 --> 00:34:05,960
Speaker 1: today's quiz, though, Mango, what are we putting them to

640
00:34:05,960 --> 00:34:07,920
Speaker 1: the challenge with? Today? We're gonna play a game called

641
00:34:07,960 --> 00:34:11,680
Speaker 1: real Exercise fat or nonsensical equipment we just made up?

642
00:34:11,760 --> 00:34:13,759
Speaker 1: All right? So this game is super easy. We're gonna

643
00:34:13,760 --> 00:34:15,799
Speaker 1: read you six questions and you just have to tell

644
00:34:15,840 --> 00:34:18,160
Speaker 1: us if the gym equipment we're talking about is real

645
00:34:18,360 --> 00:34:20,920
Speaker 1: or something we made up. You got it, got it,

646
00:34:21,080 --> 00:34:23,080
Speaker 1: all right. So, because we know you like a challenge,

647
00:34:23,080 --> 00:34:26,480
Speaker 1: we're gonna put you against one another, all right, So, Jenney,

648
00:34:26,520 --> 00:34:29,880
Speaker 1: we're gonna let you go first. Now. The first one is,

649
00:34:29,920 --> 00:34:32,719
Speaker 1: and I'll read you the tagline along with it. Okay,

650
00:34:33,040 --> 00:34:36,799
Speaker 1: it's Hawaii chair. If you can sit, you can get fit.

651
00:34:37,360 --> 00:34:39,839
Speaker 1: This is promising you can lose weight. The Hawaiian way.

652
00:34:39,880 --> 00:34:42,719
Speaker 1: This electric seat keeps your hips and bottom moving and

653
00:34:42,760 --> 00:34:46,480
Speaker 1: a constant hul emotion and you as you answer phones

654
00:34:46,600 --> 00:34:49,560
Speaker 1: and file paperwork. Is this something we made up? Or

655
00:34:49,600 --> 00:34:53,680
Speaker 1: was this a real exercise fad? Oh god, I really

656
00:34:54,360 --> 00:34:57,520
Speaker 1: I'll watch a lot of infomercials. Yeah, um, I'm going

657
00:34:57,560 --> 00:35:00,759
Speaker 1: to say that it's real. It is real, all right.

658
00:35:01,440 --> 00:35:04,080
Speaker 1: One for one, so you really like move around, moves

659
00:35:04,120 --> 00:35:07,040
Speaker 1: your it moves your bottom around like it's so crazy

660
00:35:07,600 --> 00:35:16,040
Speaker 1: as you are. This is how Hawaiian all right, Mario, alright,

661
00:35:16,040 --> 00:35:18,280
Speaker 1: she's one up on you. Here we go the human

662
00:35:18,400 --> 00:35:21,799
Speaker 1: slink a sizer because you're slinky, shouldn't have all the fun.

663
00:35:22,120 --> 00:35:23,880
Speaker 1: So this is building off the slinky craze of the

664
00:35:23,960 --> 00:35:26,840
Speaker 1: nineteen fifties. This rubber suit and helmet with a spring

665
00:35:26,920 --> 00:35:30,359
Speaker 1: on it was made to help obese obese kids somersault

666
00:35:30,400 --> 00:35:34,040
Speaker 1: downstairs while shedding away the pounds. Is this a real

667
00:35:34,120 --> 00:35:38,319
Speaker 1: exercise fad or equipment we made up? Uh, I'm gonna

668
00:35:38,320 --> 00:35:42,719
Speaker 1: say it's not. They're so good at this, all right,

669
00:35:43,280 --> 00:35:45,960
Speaker 1: it is something we made up. Mangoes a threat on this.

670
00:35:46,000 --> 00:35:47,719
Speaker 1: He's pretty good at making these things up, all right.

671
00:35:47,840 --> 00:35:51,320
Speaker 1: Number three, this is back to you, Janet. The moleby

672
00:35:51,400 --> 00:35:55,680
Speaker 1: revolving hammock guaranteed to make your spine young. This young

673
00:35:55,719 --> 00:35:58,520
Speaker 1: hammock treated your body like the net and slowly spun

674
00:35:58,600 --> 00:36:01,840
Speaker 1: you around for better back health and weight loss. Is

675
00:36:01,880 --> 00:36:04,400
Speaker 1: this a real exercise fat or something we made up?

676
00:36:04,920 --> 00:36:07,439
Speaker 1: I was trying to visualize it, and I couldn't even

677
00:36:07,520 --> 00:36:10,920
Speaker 1: visualize that, So I'm gonna say it's made up. We

678
00:36:11,000 --> 00:36:14,920
Speaker 1: finally have a wrong answer. They're not perfect. This is

679
00:36:14,920 --> 00:36:18,279
Speaker 1: a real exercise fat and super bizarre to see a

680
00:36:18,320 --> 00:36:21,799
Speaker 1: picture of this. Number four, Mario, this was back to

681
00:36:21,840 --> 00:36:25,920
Speaker 1: you air shorts great for shedding body moisture. These versatile,

682
00:36:25,960 --> 00:36:29,839
Speaker 1: inflatable shorts were supposed to bake your stomach, thighs, and bottom,

683
00:36:29,880 --> 00:36:32,360
Speaker 1: causing you to sweat as you worked out or wandered

684
00:36:32,400 --> 00:36:36,400
Speaker 1: about town. Is this a real exercise fad or something

685
00:36:36,520 --> 00:36:42,520
Speaker 1: we made up? Uh? As ridiculous as it sounds, let's

686
00:36:42,520 --> 00:36:49,800
Speaker 1: say it's real. Look ridiculous. The pressure is on. Okay,

687
00:36:50,520 --> 00:36:52,800
Speaker 1: I think this is a two pointer, though if I'm mistaken,

688
00:36:52,840 --> 00:36:55,239
Speaker 1: if I'm reading the rules correctly, the official rules of

689
00:36:55,239 --> 00:36:58,839
Speaker 1: our game here, Okay, tag suit the it new way

690
00:36:58,920 --> 00:37:01,400
Speaker 1: to weight loss, A weighted suit you can wear as

691
00:37:01,440 --> 00:37:04,640
Speaker 1: you run around playing adult tag with your friends. Just

692
00:37:04,760 --> 00:37:08,120
Speaker 1: don't stay on base. Is this a real fat or

693
00:37:08,200 --> 00:37:15,759
Speaker 1: something we made up? A real thing? Oh no, it's

694
00:37:15,760 --> 00:37:18,360
Speaker 1: equipment we made off. She didn't see as I was

695
00:37:18,400 --> 00:37:21,920
Speaker 1: trying to make eye contact. All right, here we go.

696
00:37:22,600 --> 00:37:25,120
Speaker 1: Now this one, actually, unfortunately Mario comes with a penalty

697
00:37:25,120 --> 00:37:27,279
Speaker 1: if you miss it of negative one. So let's see.

698
00:37:27,320 --> 00:37:31,759
Speaker 1: So the pressure is on the game. One last one.

699
00:37:31,840 --> 00:37:35,800
Speaker 1: This one is called Twist in Tone, the exerciser that's fun,

700
00:37:35,920 --> 00:37:39,400
Speaker 1: easy and works. Basically, it was a plastic lazy Susan

701
00:37:39,600 --> 00:37:42,560
Speaker 1: that you could stand on while doing the twist. Totally

702
00:37:42,560 --> 00:37:46,840
Speaker 1: worth the five dollars and cents. Real fat or something

703
00:37:46,920 --> 00:37:56,680
Speaker 1: we made up? It's real? Oh I remember seeing something

704
00:37:56,719 --> 00:37:59,440
Speaker 1: like that on TV. Oh wow. All right, we'll tell

705
00:37:59,520 --> 00:38:01,359
Speaker 1: us how our can testants have done here today, Mango

706
00:38:01,600 --> 00:38:04,440
Speaker 1: Well as always, first place wins a handwritten note from

707
00:38:04,520 --> 00:38:07,440
Speaker 1: us to your mom or boss, singing your praises. So Mario,

708
00:38:07,640 --> 00:38:10,280
Speaker 1: that's coming your way. And because we don't want anyone

709
00:38:10,320 --> 00:38:12,880
Speaker 1: going home empty handed, Janet, you're getting a pair of

710
00:38:12,920 --> 00:38:16,040
Speaker 1: hander pants, the number one underwear inspired gloves on the

711
00:38:16,080 --> 00:38:22,399
Speaker 1: market today. Well, thank you guys, so much for joining

712
00:38:22,440 --> 00:38:24,799
Speaker 1: us today on part time Genius. Thank you for having us.

713
00:38:39,400 --> 00:38:41,719
Speaker 1: So we were talking before about how we've been conditioned

714
00:38:41,719 --> 00:38:44,759
Speaker 1: over the last fifty years or so to associate exercise

715
00:38:44,880 --> 00:38:46,759
Speaker 1: with weight loss and what has turned out to be

716
00:38:46,800 --> 00:38:49,680
Speaker 1: a fairly unhealthy way. Yeah. I mean, a lot of

717
00:38:49,719 --> 00:38:52,360
Speaker 1: people start workout routines because they expect the pounds to

718
00:38:52,480 --> 00:38:55,319
Speaker 1: just melt off based on everything we've been told about

719
00:38:55,320 --> 00:38:57,719
Speaker 1: how to stay fit. But when that doesn't happen as

720
00:38:57,800 --> 00:39:00,880
Speaker 1: much as we expect, and the payoffs seems too slow

721
00:39:01,120 --> 00:39:03,239
Speaker 1: or too little for the amount of effort, well, then

722
00:39:03,239 --> 00:39:06,160
Speaker 1: it's good body or gym membership exactly. And that's the

723
00:39:06,200 --> 00:39:09,120
Speaker 1: real shame. So many of us put unhealthy pressure on

724
00:39:09,120 --> 00:39:12,719
Speaker 1: ourselves as a result of these unrealistic expectations that we

725
00:39:12,760 --> 00:39:15,479
Speaker 1: put on an exercise, and the end result is often

726
00:39:15,480 --> 00:39:17,799
Speaker 1: that we blame ourselves and just give up on losing

727
00:39:17,840 --> 00:39:20,520
Speaker 1: weight altogether. And that also causes us to miss out

728
00:39:20,520 --> 00:39:24,000
Speaker 1: on the very real mental and physical benefits of regular exercise.

729
00:39:24,440 --> 00:39:26,520
Speaker 1: So let's try to help avoid that, Mango. Let's put

730
00:39:26,560 --> 00:39:30,959
Speaker 1: the true effectiveness of exercise for weight loss into perspective. Okay, Well,

731
00:39:31,320 --> 00:39:33,239
Speaker 1: first off, I think we should say that the main

732
00:39:33,280 --> 00:39:35,680
Speaker 1: reason why a lot of people's exercise routines go could

733
00:39:35,680 --> 00:39:38,600
Speaker 1: put is the same reason why sixty of diet or

734
00:39:38,680 --> 00:39:41,560
Speaker 1: is returned to their original weight within three years, As

735
00:39:41,640 --> 00:39:45,840
Speaker 1: diet and behavior expert Charlotte Markey told Scientific American, people

736
00:39:45,920 --> 00:39:48,680
Speaker 1: think too much about short term goals and don't think

737
00:39:48,800 --> 00:39:52,040
Speaker 1: enough about sustainable changes. If you're going to lose weight,

738
00:39:52,080 --> 00:39:53,920
Speaker 1: you have to change your behaviors for the rest of

739
00:39:53,960 --> 00:39:56,640
Speaker 1: your life for otherwise you gain it back. And that's

740
00:39:56,680 --> 00:39:59,680
Speaker 1: not a sexy message because it seems daunting. Yeah, it does.

741
00:39:59,800 --> 00:40:01,680
Speaker 1: And does she have any suggestions on what kind of

742
00:40:01,719 --> 00:40:05,239
Speaker 1: lifelong behavioral changes people might actually be able to stomach. Yeah,

743
00:40:05,280 --> 00:40:08,360
Speaker 1: it's all about sustainability. So for example, people don't have

744
00:40:08,400 --> 00:40:11,240
Speaker 1: to completely cut out entire food groups or ice cream

745
00:40:11,360 --> 00:40:13,959
Speaker 1: or anything like that. But we should strive for small

746
00:40:14,000 --> 00:40:17,280
Speaker 1: scale changes that we stick to, like dropping a soda

747
00:40:17,360 --> 00:40:19,200
Speaker 1: or two from our daily diet so we can cut

748
00:40:19,200 --> 00:40:22,120
Speaker 1: a few hundred calories from our intake, or staying on

749
00:40:22,160 --> 00:40:24,839
Speaker 1: the lookout to avoid mindless eating. Well, I think that's

750
00:40:24,840 --> 00:40:27,120
Speaker 1: the kind of sustainability is what we should aim for

751
00:40:27,239 --> 00:40:29,919
Speaker 1: with exercise too. I mean, once you stop thinking about

752
00:40:29,960 --> 00:40:32,520
Speaker 1: the physical activity primarily is a way to lose weight.

753
00:40:33,000 --> 00:40:35,640
Speaker 1: It frees us up to add exercise into our routines

754
00:40:35,680 --> 00:40:38,040
Speaker 1: and enjoyable ways that will be less likely to give

755
00:40:38,160 --> 00:40:41,080
Speaker 1: up on totally. And despite all we've learned about the

756
00:40:41,080 --> 00:40:44,440
Speaker 1: limitations of calorie burning through workouts, there actually are some

757
00:40:44,440 --> 00:40:47,040
Speaker 1: ways to use exercise to help us with our weight

758
00:40:47,080 --> 00:40:50,200
Speaker 1: loss efforts like what. Well, for one thing, exercise helps

759
00:40:50,239 --> 00:40:53,120
Speaker 1: distract us from our food cravings. It gives people something

760
00:40:53,120 --> 00:40:56,040
Speaker 1: else to concentrate on, and there are some forms of

761
00:40:56,080 --> 00:40:58,480
Speaker 1: exercise that can help maximize the amount of weight you

762
00:40:58,520 --> 00:41:01,319
Speaker 1: lose from fat rather than must. Well that's a good point.

763
00:41:01,400 --> 00:41:04,320
Speaker 1: So we've mostly been talking about exercise in broad terms,

764
00:41:04,320 --> 00:41:07,120
Speaker 1: but it's worth mentioning that most forms of exercise fall

765
00:41:07,160 --> 00:41:10,840
Speaker 1: into one of two broad groups. So we've got aerobic

766
00:41:10,880 --> 00:41:15,160
Speaker 1: type exercise like running, biking, swimming, rowing, etcetera, which helps

767
00:41:15,200 --> 00:41:18,880
Speaker 1: strengthen your heart and build stamina, and then anaerobic exercise

768
00:41:18,920 --> 00:41:22,719
Speaker 1: such as weightlifting or sprinting, which helps increase lean muscle mass. Right,

769
00:41:22,800 --> 00:41:26,040
Speaker 1: and both types of workout will burn fat and help

770
00:41:26,040 --> 00:41:28,360
Speaker 1: you lose a little weight, but studies have found that

771
00:41:28,400 --> 00:41:31,479
Speaker 1: aerobic training does provide the advantage in terms of most

772
00:41:31,520 --> 00:41:33,719
Speaker 1: weight and fat burned. So if you're looking for the

773
00:41:33,719 --> 00:41:35,680
Speaker 1: best way to burn the most fat and the least

774
00:41:35,719 --> 00:41:39,160
Speaker 1: amount of time, aerobic exercises probably the way to go.

775
00:41:39,400 --> 00:41:41,279
Speaker 1: That's true, but I wouldn't trade in your barbells for

776
00:41:41,360 --> 00:41:44,760
Speaker 1: running shoes just yet. If sustainability really is the goal,

777
00:41:45,239 --> 00:41:47,760
Speaker 1: it's not a bad idea to gain some extra lean muscle.

778
00:41:48,280 --> 00:41:50,720
Speaker 1: The research shows that an increase in muscle can speed

779
00:41:50,800 --> 00:41:53,960
Speaker 1: up your resting metabolic rate, plus booster strength, and even

780
00:41:54,040 --> 00:41:56,600
Speaker 1: lead to a better night's sleep. So if you're really

781
00:41:56,640 --> 00:41:58,880
Speaker 1: in it for the long haul, the best strategy is

782
00:41:58,920 --> 00:42:00,920
Speaker 1: probably do a little bit of both, which sounds like

783
00:42:00,920 --> 00:42:03,640
Speaker 1: a smart plan. Another thing I always wonder about is

784
00:42:03,719 --> 00:42:07,320
Speaker 1: fitness trackers like garments and Tom Tom's and fit fits.

785
00:42:07,880 --> 00:42:10,880
Speaker 1: Lots of people swear by them, and they're everywhere nowadays.

786
00:42:10,960 --> 00:42:13,359
Speaker 1: Like I even saw that McDonald's was giving them away

787
00:42:13,360 --> 00:42:15,759
Speaker 1: in happy Meals last year and what had to have have

788
00:42:15,800 --> 00:42:19,960
Speaker 1: been one of the most ironic promotions. Articulous. So everybody

789
00:42:20,000 --> 00:42:22,040
Speaker 1: has these things draped to their risk, But did they

790
00:42:22,120 --> 00:42:25,279
Speaker 1: really help us lose weight or the com any healthier. Well,

791
00:42:25,320 --> 00:42:27,840
Speaker 1: you know, we recently had a listener ask a similar question.

792
00:42:27,920 --> 00:42:30,800
Speaker 1: So I did some digging and it turns out not really.

793
00:42:31,239 --> 00:42:33,280
Speaker 1: I mean, there isn't a ton of long term research

794
00:42:33,360 --> 00:42:36,719
Speaker 1: yet on the effects of wearable fitness technology. It hasn't

795
00:42:36,800 --> 00:42:39,360
Speaker 1: yet been around long enough. But most of the short

796
00:42:39,440 --> 00:42:42,560
Speaker 1: term studies have found that wearing fitness trackers only lead

797
00:42:42,600 --> 00:42:46,040
Speaker 1: to a small boost and physical activity, not nearly enough

798
00:42:46,080 --> 00:42:49,440
Speaker 1: to lead to any improvements in overall health. And what's worse,

799
00:42:49,800 --> 00:42:51,920
Speaker 1: one study found that when people were given the option

800
00:42:51,960 --> 00:42:54,640
Speaker 1: of wearing a fitness tracker or not, the people who

801
00:42:54,760 --> 00:42:57,439
Speaker 1: chose to wear it actually lost less weight than those

802
00:42:57,440 --> 00:43:00,360
Speaker 1: who didn't know. It was seven point seven pounds compared

803
00:43:00,400 --> 00:43:03,520
Speaker 1: to the thirteen pounds of those who went techless, which

804
00:43:03,520 --> 00:43:06,600
Speaker 1: isn't exactly a bringing endorsement, no, but it's not completely

805
00:43:06,640 --> 00:43:09,000
Speaker 1: a lost cause. I mean, keeping track of steps and

806
00:43:09,040 --> 00:43:12,240
Speaker 1: calories can be a useful motivator for some folks, provided

807
00:43:12,280 --> 00:43:15,280
Speaker 1: they don't take that success as an excuse to reward

808
00:43:15,320 --> 00:43:18,839
Speaker 1: themselves with their extra large pizza. Right, and uh, we've

809
00:43:18,880 --> 00:43:21,800
Speaker 1: seen how that goes, right, So, fitness trackers can definitely

810
00:43:22,000 --> 00:43:24,279
Speaker 1: be a helpful weapon in the never ending battle of

811
00:43:24,320 --> 00:43:27,480
Speaker 1: the bulge. But just like exercise or dieting, there no

812
00:43:27,560 --> 00:43:30,560
Speaker 1: guarantee of weight loss on their own. Well. I don't

813
00:43:30,560 --> 00:43:32,960
Speaker 1: know about you will, but all this talk about exercise

814
00:43:32,960 --> 00:43:35,680
Speaker 1: has me feeling a little competitive. Where do you say

815
00:43:35,719 --> 00:43:37,320
Speaker 1: we go toe to toe in the part time genius?

816
00:43:37,480 --> 00:43:52,040
Speaker 1: All right, I'm ready when you are a mango. M alright.

817
00:43:52,040 --> 00:43:53,960
Speaker 1: So here's a tip that comes straight from one of

818
00:43:54,000 --> 00:43:59,480
Speaker 1: America's favorite fitness gurus, Barbie. In slumber Party, Barbie came

819
00:43:59,520 --> 00:44:01,880
Speaker 1: to your play with a diet book in hand, and

820
00:44:01,960 --> 00:44:05,959
Speaker 1: the only tip in it don't eat terrible. Uh though,

821
00:44:06,160 --> 00:44:09,440
Speaker 1: here's one that's even worse, the tapeworm diet. Back in

822
00:44:09,480 --> 00:44:12,560
Speaker 1: the early twentieth century, diet pills filled with tapeworms were

823
00:44:12,600 --> 00:44:14,600
Speaker 1: sold over the counter with the promise that you could

824
00:44:14,640 --> 00:44:17,440
Speaker 1: eat more and still lose weight. And of course, when

825
00:44:17,480 --> 00:44:20,240
Speaker 1: the baby tapeworms grew up to be like these twenty

826
00:44:20,320 --> 00:44:24,120
Speaker 1: five foot monstrosities and started causing things like meningitis and

827
00:44:24,200 --> 00:44:26,919
Speaker 1: dimension in their hosts, the government decided that the weight

828
00:44:26,960 --> 00:44:29,760
Speaker 1: loss through worms was overrated and the band the pills.

829
00:44:30,360 --> 00:44:32,279
Speaker 1: Diet coke might not be that much better for you

830
00:44:32,280 --> 00:44:35,560
Speaker 1: than regular coke, but it certainly is lighter. While I

831
00:44:35,600 --> 00:44:37,920
Speaker 1: can of coke will sink in water, you know, kind

832
00:44:37,920 --> 00:44:41,400
Speaker 1: of like a bulldog. Diet coke actually floats more like

833
00:44:41,440 --> 00:44:45,359
Speaker 1: a hot dog. I'm glad you put the dog just

834
00:44:45,400 --> 00:44:49,640
Speaker 1: really helps you understand what floating is. My favorite exercise

835
00:44:49,640 --> 00:44:52,799
Speaker 1: item from the seventies is the Sauna exercise suit, which

836
00:44:52,840 --> 00:44:55,680
Speaker 1: looks nothing like a suit. It's more like a tinfoil

837
00:44:55,719 --> 00:44:59,279
Speaker 1: and marshmallow man contraption that promised to help you shed

838
00:44:59,320 --> 00:45:02,880
Speaker 1: pounds as you us went about your daily business. Calvin

839
00:45:02,920 --> 00:45:06,280
Speaker 1: Coolige's main exercise in the office was through an electric horse,

840
00:45:06,560 --> 00:45:09,320
Speaker 1: kind of like a mechanical bull. He'd write it three

841
00:45:09,360 --> 00:45:12,400
Speaker 1: times a day on various settings, from saunter to gallop,

842
00:45:13,000 --> 00:45:15,239
Speaker 1: but the regiment sounded so silly he kept it a

843
00:45:15,320 --> 00:45:18,080
Speaker 1: secret until it accidentally bucked him from the saddle and

844
00:45:18,160 --> 00:45:21,600
Speaker 1: had to be put down by an electrician. So that's

845
00:45:21,640 --> 00:45:25,080
Speaker 1: pretty good. But here's a great tip from the seventeen hundreds.

846
00:45:25,480 --> 00:45:28,239
Speaker 1: If you want to lose weight, stay away from swamps.

847
00:45:29,000 --> 00:45:32,880
Speaker 1: In seventeen seven, a so called scientist named Thomas Short

848
00:45:32,920 --> 00:45:35,960
Speaker 1: observed that beast people seemed to live near swamps, so

849
00:45:36,000 --> 00:45:39,360
Speaker 1: it was important work on the matter, titled The Causes

850
00:45:39,400 --> 00:45:42,640
Speaker 1: and Effects of corpulents naturally suggested there was only one

851
00:45:42,680 --> 00:45:46,200
Speaker 1: smart way to lose weight, move away from swamps. Yeah,

852
00:45:46,239 --> 00:45:48,640
Speaker 1: that swamps. It makes a whole lot of sense. I

853
00:45:48,640 --> 00:45:51,680
Speaker 1: think I gotta give you the title on this whe Congratulations, Mango.

854
00:45:52,120 --> 00:45:54,000
Speaker 1: I think that's it for today's show. Thanks so much

855
00:45:54,040 --> 00:45:56,359
Speaker 1: for listening, a Mango, This show got me inspired. Want

856
00:45:56,360 --> 00:46:12,120
Speaker 1: to go for a run? Absolutely not, k Thanks again

857
00:46:12,160 --> 00:46:14,359
Speaker 1: for listening. Part Time Genius is a production of how

858
00:46:14,400 --> 00:46:17,200
Speaker 1: stuff works and wouldn't be possible without several brilliant people

859
00:46:17,239 --> 00:46:20,160
Speaker 1: who do the important things we couldn't even begin to understand.

860
00:46:20,400 --> 00:46:23,080
Speaker 1: Kristin McNeil does the editing thing. Noel Brown made the

861
00:46:23,080 --> 00:46:25,880
Speaker 1: theme song and does the mixy mixy sound thing. Gary

862
00:46:25,960 --> 00:46:29,520
Speaker 1: Rowland does the exact producer thing. Gabeluesier is our lead researcher,

863
00:46:29,560 --> 00:46:32,560
Speaker 1: with support from the Research Army including Austin Thompson, Nolan

864
00:46:32,600 --> 00:46:34,880
Speaker 1: Brown and Lucas Adams and Eves. Jeff Cook gets the

865
00:46:34,880 --> 00:46:37,040
Speaker 1: show to your ears. Good job, Eves. If you like

866
00:46:37,160 --> 00:46:38,960
Speaker 1: what you heard, we hope you'll subscribe. And if you

867
00:46:39,000 --> 00:46:41,000
Speaker 1: really really like what you've heard, maybe you could leave

868
00:46:41,000 --> 00:46:43,120
Speaker 1: a good review for us. Do we do? We forget

869
00:46:43,200 --> 00:46:44,360
Speaker 1: Jason Jason who