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Speaker 1: Welcome to Stuff to Blow your Mind from how Stuff

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Speaker 1: Works dot com. Hey, welcome to stuff to Blow your Mind.

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Speaker 1: My name is Robert Lamb and I'm Joe McCormick, and

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Speaker 1: we're coming at you with new listener mail. It's a

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Speaker 1: it's our listener mail round up, our first of the

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Speaker 1: new year. Yeah. Yeah, the years starting to get away

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Speaker 1: from us. Here, Wait a minute, did I just lie?

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Speaker 1: I think maybe we did do one at like the

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Speaker 1: very beginning of January. Yeah, but we probably recorded that

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Speaker 1: one in the previous year. That's true. This is the

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Speaker 1: first recording of nineteen. Okay, I'm sorry. Now I have

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Speaker 1: to I have to say this. We always have assistance

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Speaker 1: from our mail bought Carney. Say, hi Carney, and UH.

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Speaker 1: Today we're having to just tiptoe around a couple of

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Speaker 1: topics because um looking on robot egg shells exactly, because

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Speaker 1: there's a there's a certain holiday coming up this week

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Speaker 1: which we shall not name, that Carney has become very

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Speaker 1: sensitive about, and it is UH is prone to U

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Speaker 1: two bouts of rage if it is even mentioned now.

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Speaker 1: It may have to do with a certain recent breakup

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Speaker 1: with a certain office machine that say, makes copies of

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Speaker 1: pieces of paper. Yeah, I think I think that's exactly

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Speaker 1: what happened. Um, so he's a little touchy. Um. We're

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Speaker 1: gonna try and avoid using the the L word and

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Speaker 1: certainly the V word. Um, but I don't, I don't.

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Speaker 1: I don't think it's gonna get in the way, but

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Speaker 1: it let's just be very cautious as we proceed through

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Speaker 1: these various bits of listener mail. All right, Carney's bringing

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Speaker 1: one over right now, let's let's take a look at it. Okay, Now,

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Speaker 1: this first one is I'm not going to read the

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Speaker 1: whole message. It's just part of a genre of listener

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Speaker 1: responses that Robert and I have gotten to. Uh. Back

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Speaker 1: in the was in in the summer or last fall,

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Speaker 1: we did a couple of episodes about the age of

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Speaker 1: the Earth because listeners were asking about this, like how

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Speaker 1: we actually know that the Earth is about four and

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Speaker 1: a half billion years old, and so we talked about that,

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Speaker 1: and then at one when in the episode we discussed

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Speaker 1: how multiple scientists we were reading had used an expression

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Speaker 1: I think was thousands of millions or something, and we

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Speaker 1: were like, well, just why not billions? And multiple listeners

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Speaker 1: got in touch with us to give us a very

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Speaker 1: good answer to this question to say, the reason some

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Speaker 1: scientists avoid using the word billion is because billion means

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Speaker 1: different things in different languages. Now, isn't that confusing where

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Speaker 1: different languages have different like words for orders of magnitude

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Speaker 1: that are used to mean a different order of magnitude

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Speaker 1: and another language that's horrible and not confusing at all.

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Speaker 1: So I think, for example, in like in French and

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Speaker 1: in Dutch, like a billion actually means in English a trillion.

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Speaker 1: So just to avoid confusion, the term they would use

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Speaker 1: sometimes would be they'd either like use scientific notation in

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Speaker 1: the number of years, which is one reason. Scientific notation

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Speaker 1: with like the tend to the power of something is

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Speaker 1: very useful. But then also they could just say thousands

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Speaker 1: of millions. So cleared that all right? Here's another one.

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Speaker 1: This one comes to us from A C. J. C

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Speaker 1: J Rides. Hi, Guys, I've been listening for years, but

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Speaker 1: I haven't had anything interesting to comment on until I

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Speaker 1: really listen to the episode un Biophilia. I've been working

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Speaker 1: with horses for almost my entire life, about two decades now.

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Speaker 1: It's my job to train grsage horses. Oh boy. One

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Speaker 1: of the things I've noticed is horses are indeed terrified

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Speaker 1: of anything that is shaped like a snake, even remotely.

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Speaker 1: Here in part of Michigan, we only have very tiny snakes,

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Speaker 1: so the horses really don't spook at real snakes, but

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Speaker 1: objects on the ground like lead ropes, pitch four candles,

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Speaker 1: electrical cords, large branches, pieces of plastic, rustling, leaves, their

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Speaker 1: own shadow, and hoses especially scare them to death. The

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Speaker 1: young horses are the worst with this, but all of

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Speaker 1: them are susceptible to snake meltdowns. Leaping, snorting, bucking, stomping, etcetera.

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Speaker 1: Is common. This earns them an annoyed glare and stern

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Speaker 1: knock it off from me. It's so common that it

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Speaker 1: really has zero fact on my fight or flight instinct anymore.

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Speaker 1: Usually I can feel it in my hands way before

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Speaker 1: they actually spook. Well, anyway, I thought you might get

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Speaker 1: a kick out of the prominent example of biophilia that

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Speaker 1: horses exhibit. Horses are also scared of puddles they look

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Speaker 1: like black holes to them because they have very little

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Speaker 1: death perception, or dark objects close to the ground, which

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Speaker 1: I think resemble a crouching predator. I enjoy every episode

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Speaker 1: that comes out, and it makes my long commute, much

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Speaker 1: better keep it up. A firsthand account of biophobia. Now,

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Speaker 1: I know, I can't remember if in that Biophilia episode

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Speaker 1: we talked about the idea of like, uh, like sneaking

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Speaker 1: up behind a cat with a cucumber in your hand.

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Speaker 1: We may, I know we've I know I've brought that

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Speaker 1: up on the show before. But yeah, I loved this.

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Speaker 1: H this account here in part because my wife what

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Speaker 1: is was a horse person and UH and her aunt

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Speaker 1: UH still has horses and we go out and visit

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Speaker 1: visit them in Arizona every so often. So I'm exposed

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Speaker 1: to a lot of people telling me about horses. And

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Speaker 1: the horses do come up a bit in our research

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Speaker 1: as well. I mean when you when you consider the uh,

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Speaker 1: the history of a humanity, and the horse plays a

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Speaker 1: vital role, I mean, depending on who is doing the analysis,

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Speaker 1: sometimes an essential role. Absolutely, so, thank you very much,

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Speaker 1: c J. I mean, and then on top of that,

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Speaker 1: there they are animals. We often kind of take that

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Speaker 1: for granted. Those of us who do actually work with

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Speaker 1: horses to realize that this is this is a like

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Speaker 1: a a a sort of a herd based prey animal

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Speaker 1: that we have domesticated for our use, but it is

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Speaker 1: still a large creature. It is still a creature with

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Speaker 1: a lot of hardwired responses to the natural world. Well,

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Speaker 1: on that note, looks like there is another animal based

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Speaker 1: listener mail coming in here. Oh yeah, So remember in

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Speaker 1: our episode about thought experiments, we were talking about Isaac

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Speaker 1: Newton using the you know, Cannonball Mountain to illustrate the

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Speaker 1: idea of orbital mechanics. Why things an orbit in space?

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Speaker 1: And so Isaac Newton, you'll recall, we discussed had an enemy,

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Speaker 1: the Royal astronomer John Flamsteed, who Newton just mercilessly harassed.

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Speaker 1: And there's this diary entry that we discussed in the

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Speaker 1: episode where Flamsteed was complaining that Newton was coming at

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Speaker 1: him with quote Navish talk and calling him quote puppy, etcetera.

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Speaker 1: And we wondered what that meant. Well, our listener Dolly,

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Speaker 1: got in touch to let us know, and Dolly wrote,

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Speaker 1: I got to haul out my old friends. Slang and

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Speaker 1: its analogs by Farmer and Henley, published in eighteen ninety

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Speaker 1: And here's the entry for puppy and this is puppy

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Speaker 1: pup or puppy dog colloquial a vain or unmannerly fool

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Speaker 1: pop a coxcomb hence puppy ish, conceit or affection, puppy

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Speaker 1: ish or puppie impertinent, puppy headed stupid. I love I

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Speaker 1: love it. When we can we can find a bit

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Speaker 1: of derogatory slaying that has gone extinct and kind of

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Speaker 1: pull up the fossil and look at it again and

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Speaker 1: try to imagine daily interactions in which this was the

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Speaker 1: vile thing to say that somebody would like they like

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Speaker 1: write in their diary about it, like this is really

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Speaker 1: he called me puppy. I can't believe it. Yeah, or

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Speaker 1: some yeah, someone drops puppy during a conversation. Everyone's like, whoa, WHOA,

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Speaker 1: cool down there, buddy, don't need to get mean about

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Speaker 1: all of this. All right, Well, we have a couple

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Speaker 1: of listener mails here regarding demon Eaters and Possessed Tools

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Speaker 1: or Lunar New Year episode. Yeah, I just came out

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Speaker 1: the other week. This is probably one of the most

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Speaker 1: recent episodes will be UH dealing with in this listener mail.

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Speaker 1: The first one comes from Brandon. Brandon writes in and says, hey,

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Speaker 1: Robert and Joe just finished listening to demon Eaters and

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Speaker 1: Possessed Tools episode great topic. I loved it For whatever reason.

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Speaker 1: The possessed tool portion or one of your thoughts about

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Speaker 1: why they developed a personality or traits reminded me of

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Speaker 1: a great short story by Arthur C. Clark called dial

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Speaker 1: f for Frankenstone. In summary, the story is set in

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Speaker 1: so pre interwebs. At O one thirty, all of the

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Speaker 1: phones in the world start to ring. People pick up

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Speaker 1: to hear strange inhuman noises. The following day, all the

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Speaker 1: crazy happens. Everything is shutting down, planes crashing, electrical grid

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Speaker 1: is erratic, missiles are launched. Then the protagonists figure out

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Speaker 1: the world's phone system has become so large and complex

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Speaker 1: it is now sentient. This is the plot determinator. But

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Speaker 1: like more than ten years before Terminator, around ten years

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Speaker 1: before he continues. It makes me think that over a

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Speaker 1: lifetime of handling duty and maybe different owners or at

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Speaker 1: least users would change the personality of these possessed tools,

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Speaker 1: like if you used a knife strictly for cutting bread

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Speaker 1: versus strictly for cutting meat. Uh ANYWOOSEL love the show?

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Speaker 1: B Well, yeah, thank you Brandon. Yeah, I've never read

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Speaker 1: that story. That is Terminator, right, like that you you

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Speaker 1: connect enough machines together and they become too smart and

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Speaker 1: become sentient. Essentially. Yeah, I think that's the basic concept.

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Speaker 1: I will say, I do. I do love it. Anytime

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Speaker 1: someone either writes in via listener mail or shares with

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Speaker 1: this on the Stuff to Blow your mind to Facebook

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Speaker 1: group the discussion module, uh, some bit of of old

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Speaker 1: sci fi or recent sci fi that ties into a

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Speaker 1: topic we've covered. It's always a joy because it's usually

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Speaker 1: something I've I've never heard of, or I've heard of,

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Speaker 1: but I don't really know about the you know, the

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Speaker 1: details of the plot. You know, I can certainly see

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Speaker 1: how obviously it sounds like this story is meant to

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Speaker 1: be a little bit funny, but I can certainly see

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Speaker 1: how in the seventies, before people had really tried this

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Speaker 1: level of networking, you could wonder like, well, what would prevent,

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Speaker 1: you know, just massive networking of machines from somehow getting

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Speaker 1: some kind of emergent intelligent property that we couldn't predict

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Speaker 1: from the beginning. Basically, all you need to start with

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Speaker 1: is the idea that no individual neuron is sentient or conscious,

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Speaker 1: but you network enough of them together in the right

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Speaker 1: configuration and somehow the mind emerges. But then again we

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Speaker 1: don't know, and that no individual neuron is conscious. Maybe

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Speaker 1: it is. Maybe consciousness is additive, you just like concatinate

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Speaker 1: enough of it inside the same skull. All right. This

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Speaker 1: next one comes to us from Clarissa. Clarissa says, I

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Speaker 1: really enjoyed the latest podcast on demon hunts and other

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Speaker 1: lunar New Year themes. One of my favorite things about

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Speaker 1: all the podcasts from How Stuff Works is is that

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Speaker 1: while it's clearly a US based network, you cover topics

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Speaker 1: from around the world. I love learning about other cultures.

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Speaker 1: I've heard a few podcasts can't remember exactly which ones,

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Speaker 1: but they were definitely from HSW that have reminded me

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Speaker 1: of a favorite y A book, The Demon Hunter Story

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Speaker 1: brought it to mind again, and I thought you two

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Speaker 1: might really enjoy the book. It's a very quick read

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Speaker 1: in plays with a lot of fun concepts about reality.

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Speaker 1: It's called The Homeward Bounders by Diana Wynn Jones. She

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Speaker 1: writes a lot of really good to early y A stories,

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Speaker 1: the most well known being Howel's Moving Castle. Oh yes,

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Speaker 1: this is this would be the book that Miyazaki based

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Speaker 1: his movie house Moving Castle hun Yeah, yeah, I like

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Speaker 1: that movie. Yeah, I've never I've never read the original material,

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Speaker 1: but I absolutely adore that film. I didn't know there

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Speaker 1: was original material. I guess I thought it was just

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Speaker 1: a movie anyway. Uh, Clarissa continues, but I would recommend

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Speaker 1: Homeward Bounders and the game. Homeward Bounders is about a

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Speaker 1: kid whose entire world is being secretly run by people

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Speaker 1: playing intricate RPG table games. The game is about Roman

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Speaker 1: gods as kids in modern time and plays with themes

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Speaker 1: that run through myth worldwide. Both are really clever illustrations

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Speaker 1: of unique ways to imagine the world. I know Robert

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Speaker 1: has a son who may be old enough to enjoy

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Speaker 1: the books. I'd guess they're about the same level as

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Speaker 1: the first couple of Harry Potter novels. Thank you for

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Speaker 1: the show. Oh well, thanks for the recommendation. Yeah, indeed,

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Speaker 1: my son is. My wife is currently reading my son

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Speaker 1: um the Harry Potter novels. Indeed, they're on. I think

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Speaker 1: they're about ready to start the fourth one. I read

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Speaker 1: him The Hobbit. We started on The Lord of the

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Speaker 1: Rings and we kind of petered out for the time

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Speaker 1: being because there's a lot of there's a lot of

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Speaker 1: not much happening at the beginning of that book. What

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Speaker 1: was the story? He asked about the Hobbit, like, you've

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Speaker 1: been reading it, awhile, and he said, like, when does

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Speaker 1: the story started? The Hobbit was all gold, it was

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Speaker 1: it was Lord of the Rings reading and you know,

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Speaker 1: there is a lot of material at the beginning about

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Speaker 1: the life of Hobbits and you know, their various meals

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Speaker 1: and whatnot. And he was he asked me, he said,

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Speaker 1: is it the Lord of the Rings yet? And so

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Speaker 1: it will come back to that one. But I would

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Speaker 1: love to have, you know, some some sort of good

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Speaker 1: chapter book that I could read to him that I

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Speaker 1: have some attachment to, or can you know something I

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Speaker 1: can discover for the first time. So I've been I'm

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Speaker 1: currently reading, uh like a kid's adaptation of the Ramin

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Speaker 1: Yana to In and after that maybe yeah, maybe this

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Speaker 1: maybe maybe the last Unicorn. I can't decide. That sounds

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Speaker 1: like a good problem to have. Oh yeah, alright, On

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Speaker 1: that note, we're going to take a quick right and

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Speaker 1: when we come back, more listener mail than Alright, we're back.

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Speaker 1: So this next group of emails came in about our

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Speaker 1: episodes on the split brain experiments where the there were

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Speaker 1: experiments in like the nineteen sixties on patients who had

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Speaker 1: undergone a corpus callisotomy where their two brain hemispheres were

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Speaker 1: severed in order to cure epilepsy, and that that involved

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Speaker 1: the severing of the corpus closum and it produced these

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Speaker 1: very strange effects. So this first message comes from our listener,

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Speaker 1: Chris nij She says, Hey, Rob and Joe, I listen

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Speaker 1: to your two party on the split brain and was

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Speaker 1: amused with the parts regarding the nuances of language coming

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Speaker 1: from the left brain versus a very rudimentary grasp of

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Speaker 1: it from the right brain, and that is something we discussed.

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Speaker 1: In most cases, most people's left hemisphere is very dominant

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Speaker 1: in language. Uh, she continues, I have temporal lobe epilepsy,

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Speaker 1: and one of the symptoms of that is aphasia, which

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Speaker 1: is trouble with speech or understanding or generating speech, whether

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Speaker 1: as part of an absence seizure or after a tonic

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Speaker 1: chronic seizure. When others are around me after the seizure,

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Speaker 1: including paramedics, I can understand them perfectly, but have a

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Speaker 1: very hard time coming up with words. To communicate since

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Speaker 1: the epilepsy affects the left side of my brain. Three

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Speaker 1: things I usually can say though, are um and sorry,

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Speaker 1: Yes I'm Canadian. Uh. I think it reassures people to

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Speaker 1: hear me swear because they know it's me. Now, I'm

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Speaker 1: glad I can explain to these people that these words

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Speaker 1: are probably so ingrained in me that my right brain

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Speaker 1: can handle them while my left brain no pork too good.

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Speaker 1: Those were very fascinating episodes. I look forward to hearing

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Speaker 1: more podcasts about the other topics touched on in these ones.

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Speaker 1: All the best, Chris Nash, Well, thanks so much for

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Speaker 1: sharing your experience. Uh yeah, this, uh, this seems to

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Speaker 1: line up with a lot of what we were reading

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Speaker 1: that like, in some cases it seems to very from

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Speaker 1: person to person, and in some cases, the right brain

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Speaker 1: can understand much more language than it can generate, like

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Speaker 1: it can sometimes respond to speech but not really create

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Speaker 1: much speech. It looks like you've got three words here,

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Speaker 1: and I wish you great power in using them. All right,

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Speaker 1: here's another one from Shannon. Shannon writes in and says,

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Speaker 1: Dear Robert and Joe, thanks for the fascinating two parter

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Speaker 1: unsplit brains. I've been interested in the topic ever since

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Speaker 1: my sixth grade science fair, where I attempted to determine

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Speaker 1: if left handed people are more typically right brain creat

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Speaker 1: a visual, intuitive, etcetera, and vice versa. Only later did

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Speaker 1: I learn the left brain versus right brain people concept

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Speaker 1: is largely a myth, which explains why I found little

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Speaker 1: to no correlation on the question you, Hey, I want

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Speaker 1: to say a null result is a good result. It's

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Speaker 1: worthwhile to do that. Yeah, it's It's still a good

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Speaker 1: science experiment. On the question you raise of how it's

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Speaker 1: possible that corpus calacotomy patients display such little behavioral change

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Speaker 1: after the surgery, specifically when it comes to moral reasoning

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Speaker 1: and theory of mind, I have two thoughts you brought up.

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Speaker 1: How odd it is that these patients apparently not noticeably

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Speaker 1: change in everyday moral decision making, where they are presumably

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Speaker 1: using a system one reasoning. This made me wonder if

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Speaker 1: perhaps the area in the right parietal lobe has been

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Speaker 1: linked to this type of moral reasoning is in fact

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Speaker 1: part of a system to mechanism, and maybe there is

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Speaker 1: a separate system one process that is harder to replicate

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Speaker 1: in a lab In other words, when calasotomy patients are

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Speaker 1: making quick, everyday judgments, maybe they are using a different,

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Speaker 1: quicker neurological process that is not affected by splitting the brain,

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Speaker 1: and it is only when they are made to sit

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Speaker 1: down and rationalize slowly through choices in an experimental hypothetical

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Speaker 1: that this right brain process occurs or fails too. On

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Speaker 1: the other hand, I also like the idea of various

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Speaker 1: compensation mechanisms that work in real world situations but not

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Speaker 1: in the lab. One of these might be experiential memory,

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Speaker 1: as you touched on while discussing the band or snatch.

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Speaker 1: We do make theory of mind related moral judgments every day,

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Speaker 1: but perhaps not too many of our novel situations. For example,

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Speaker 1: maybe you have a friend who sometimes makes inappropriate jokes,

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Speaker 1: but you know not to take him seriously because you

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Speaker 1: understand he doesn't mean to be insulting. Then one day

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Speaker 1: your corpus colossum gets cut. The next time he makes

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Speaker 1: an inappropriate comment. You might not be able to imagine

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Speaker 1: his intentions in the same way, but you can still

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Speaker 1: remember dismissing him as harmless in the past, and maybe

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Speaker 1: you can even remember imagining his attention is his intentions

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Speaker 1: in some way the neural pathway is already there, so

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Speaker 1: maybe you don't have to rely on the same cut

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Speaker 1: off right brain area to make that judgment. Just some

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Speaker 1: wild speculations of mine. Hope they make some kind of sense.

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Speaker 1: Thank you again for consistently delivering entertaining and thought provoking shows.

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Speaker 1: And I'm loving Invention too, sincerely, Shannon. Oh, thanks Shannon. Yeah,

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Speaker 1: those are some really interesting ideas. So one of the

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Speaker 1: things when you talk about the idea of system one

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Speaker 1: versus system too, that's sort of along the lines of

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Speaker 1: what the authors speculate in their conclusion, though they might

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Speaker 1: have had it inverted from what you say. Um, but yeah,

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Speaker 1: I really like this idea of using memory. Like one reason,

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Speaker 1: even if you can't access certain parts of the brain

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Speaker 1: you would commonly use for moral reasoning, you might just

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Speaker 1: rely on your memory of how you normally interact with

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Speaker 1: certain people. And and the fact is probably most of

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Speaker 1: the people you're making important moral judgments about throughout the day,

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Speaker 1: or probably people you already know, unless you're like a

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Speaker 1: judge or in a jury or something. Now, I love

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Speaker 1: that she also mentioned that she's listening to Invention because

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Speaker 1: we we have had some exciting episodes of Invention come

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Speaker 1: out come out recently, including one on the Wheel, while

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Speaker 1: we have two part are on the wheel actually, um,

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Speaker 1: where we discuss, of course just key archaeological cultural evidence

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Speaker 1: for the emergence of wheel technology, but also with you know,

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Speaker 1: throw in some discussion of everything from Gary Larson's Far

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Speaker 1: Side cartoons to you know, Tibetan Buddhism. Well, I'm gonna

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Speaker 1: high five you across the table mime wise for remembering

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Speaker 1: to plug invention. If you haven't checked out Invention yet,

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Speaker 1: go check it out, check it out and subscribe. It'll

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Speaker 1: do you good, It'll do us good. But anyway, let's

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Speaker 1: get to the next message. This is from our listener Adam.

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Speaker 1: So Adam writes and says, Hi, Robert and Joe, I

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Speaker 1: was just listening to the episode Split Brain, Part two

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Speaker 1: and wanted to share a thought no pun intended. I'm

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Speaker 1: not sure if that's a pun, Adam, but okay, um,

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Speaker 1: your final point was to encourage people to think for

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Speaker 1: themselves rather than base their beliefs on someone else's, such

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Speaker 1: as those of a public figure. I found myself pausing

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Speaker 1: and thinking about this for a minute. On one hand,

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Speaker 1: I agree that being able to think for yourself is

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Speaker 1: very important, and that that skill is undertaught. On the

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Speaker 1: other hand, there's been a very clear increase in a

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Speaker 1: distorted faux critical thinking recently. I think I know where

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Speaker 1: you're going with this, Adam, and I think I agree.

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Speaker 1: This is manifested in Michael Gove's sick of Experts vision

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Speaker 1: of the world, where people feel their feelings hold the

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Speaker 1: same objective value as an expert's actual knowledge. In years

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Speaker 1: of experience, we've seen the downsides of this in public

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Speaker 1: discourse already. Worse we see in the failure to solve

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Speaker 1: major problems such as climate change. I'm quite confident this

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Speaker 1: isn't what you meant, but I thought it was worth

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Speaker 1: bringing up, since to a degree, we must rely on

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Speaker 1: others as a source of information. Since none of us

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Speaker 1: can be an expert in everything or experience everything, the

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Speaker 1: outside world acts almost as a third hemisphere to our brains. Unfortunately,

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Speaker 1: it feeds in both necessary and incorrect information. Even the

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Speaker 1: post talk rationalizations that you talked about being used to

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Speaker 1: explain what the brain did unconsciously sounds a lot like

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Speaker 1: the political and non political tribalism we're seeing so much of. Somehow,

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Speaker 1: I feel this may tie together as one side of

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Speaker 1: the brain responds to a message that the other side

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Speaker 1: would not, but still needs to defend anyway. Apologies if

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Speaker 1: I ranted too long. I just wanted to comment also

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Speaker 1: and say thank you for the work you do. I

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Speaker 1: started listening to podcasts to keep me occupied during my

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Speaker 1: daily train commute, but now have so many that I'm

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Speaker 1: rarely not listening to something. Stuff to Blow your Mind

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Speaker 1: is a lot of fun and a good bit different

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Speaker 1: than most of my economics, politics, news and side shows.

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Speaker 1: Keep up the great work, best Adam. Oh thanks, Yeah,

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Speaker 1: thanks Adam, and Adam, I think you make a really

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Speaker 1: excellent point part of what I what I think I

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Speaker 1: was trying to say in this episode has been a

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Speaker 1: while now, but I remember talking about the idea that,

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Speaker 1: you know, the the left brain. If Michael Gazzaniga's left

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Speaker 1: brain interpreter theory is correct, it just sort of like

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Speaker 1: immediately incorporates the deliverances of the right hemisphere into the

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Speaker 1: idea of self and says, this is just me thinking,

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Speaker 1: and that is kind of normal because like that's your brain, right.

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Speaker 1: But the idea was that we were discussing Peter Watts

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Speaker 1: and uh, and his idea that well, if you can,

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Speaker 1: like if you could insert thoughts into the brain, like

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Speaker 1: via a direct brain to computer interface or brain to

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Speaker 1: brain interface, what would prevent the brain from taking those

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Speaker 1: inserted thoughts just as if they were coming from the

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Speaker 1: right hemisphere and saying like, Okay, this is just me thinking,

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Speaker 1: this is actually just me like not even detecting that

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Speaker 1: the thoughts are alien. But then I think that this

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Speaker 1: other thing came up because Robert you pointed out that

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Speaker 1: we often do this with with external actors anyway. I mean,

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Speaker 1: the idea is that often to find out what we

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Speaker 1: think about an issue, we just go and consult somebody

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Speaker 1: who we listen to, and whatever their view is, that

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Speaker 1: just gets incorporated directly as self. Yeah, that's just what

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Speaker 1: I think now, And I guess that's what I was

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Speaker 1: trying to discourage, the direct and automatic incorporation of the

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Speaker 1: views of others as your own view. Instead, you should

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Speaker 1: consider do I have a good reason to listen to

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Speaker 1: this person's opinion on this subject? Yeah? I know, I

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Speaker 1: don't know a lot about the uh this Michael Gove's

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Speaker 1: UH six Sick of Experts vision that that is mentioned

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Speaker 1: in this listener mail. But I do wonder sometimes that

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Speaker 1: you do encounter people who, you know, they do have

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Speaker 1: that idea like I, you know, I this is my

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Speaker 1: gut feeling on this particular topic. And you know, granted

428
00:22:47,080 --> 00:22:50,960
Speaker 1: they're probably influenced by voices here and there, you know,

429
00:22:51,000 --> 00:22:54,239
Speaker 1: as we all are. But but still they have this

430
00:22:54,280 --> 00:22:56,480
Speaker 1: idea that Nope, I'm I'm making up my own mind

431
00:22:56,560 --> 00:22:59,840
Speaker 1: on this, and in my opinion on this has has

432
00:23:00,000 --> 00:23:02,720
Speaker 1: as value and is you know, screw it, the correct

433
00:23:03,160 --> 00:23:07,840
Speaker 1: vision of reality. And I wonder if sometimes this is

434
00:23:07,840 --> 00:23:13,560
Speaker 1: an attractive way of thinking about say, scientific concepts, uh,

435
00:23:14,000 --> 00:23:19,960
Speaker 1: because we erroneously turn to examples in artistic creation or

436
00:23:20,080 --> 00:23:24,080
Speaker 1: music or you know, you name it outsider art where

437
00:23:24,080 --> 00:23:25,719
Speaker 1: we say, well, you know that the story of like

438
00:23:25,760 --> 00:23:30,120
Speaker 1: the self taught individual who never went to to art school, uh,

439
00:23:30,320 --> 00:23:32,919
Speaker 1: you know, can't read cheap music, but can play you know,

440
00:23:33,080 --> 00:23:35,879
Speaker 1: you know that creates all these beautiful songs and so

441
00:23:35,960 --> 00:23:38,040
Speaker 1: and some of these models. And you can sort of

442
00:23:38,720 --> 00:23:41,240
Speaker 1: certainly you can get into a big argument within any

443
00:23:41,359 --> 00:23:46,160
Speaker 1: artistic medium about uh, you know, the you know, outsider

444
00:23:46,240 --> 00:23:51,000
Speaker 1: artists versus you know, the highly trained artists and traditions, etcetera.

445
00:23:51,560 --> 00:23:55,399
Speaker 1: But there's certainly not. It's it's apples and oranges. I

446
00:23:55,400 --> 00:23:59,720
Speaker 1: think when you're comparing um the artist to the scientist, Yeah,

447
00:23:59,720 --> 00:24:01,960
Speaker 1: I think that's exactly right. I mean, arts or a

448
00:24:02,000 --> 00:24:04,719
Speaker 1: field in which we highly prize intuition and sort of

449
00:24:04,720 --> 00:24:08,320
Speaker 1: inherent skillfulness over over training a lot of times. And

450
00:24:08,359 --> 00:24:11,600
Speaker 1: also the purpose of art is to create a response

451
00:24:11,640 --> 00:24:14,640
Speaker 1: in the audience, and if it creates that response, then

452
00:24:14,760 --> 00:24:18,000
Speaker 1: in a way it's successful. There's not like I mean,

453
00:24:18,280 --> 00:24:20,680
Speaker 1: people could have arguments about this, but I don't think

454
00:24:20,680 --> 00:24:22,439
Speaker 1: that there's a way to be right or wrong in

455
00:24:22,680 --> 00:24:25,960
Speaker 1: art or music or whatever. Well the artist is, you know,

456
00:24:26,000 --> 00:24:29,320
Speaker 1: whatever the medium they're they're they're trying to create a

457
00:24:29,359 --> 00:24:34,320
Speaker 1: shape based on something inside themselves that maybe inside another

458
00:24:34,359 --> 00:24:37,720
Speaker 1: person as well. They're creating something, you know, based on

459
00:24:38,040 --> 00:24:41,480
Speaker 1: an intimate knowledge, inner knowledge, but say something like someone

460
00:24:41,480 --> 00:24:45,679
Speaker 1: like a like a climate scientist, they are or or

461
00:24:45,800 --> 00:24:49,120
Speaker 1: um um, you know, various other scientific field You're you're

462
00:24:49,119 --> 00:24:52,000
Speaker 1: trying to take something that we do not have innate

463
00:24:52,080 --> 00:24:54,560
Speaker 1: knowledge of. You know, it's a complex system that is

464
00:24:54,600 --> 00:24:57,880
Speaker 1: beyond the human experience. There is a shape out there,

465
00:24:57,920 --> 00:24:59,679
Speaker 1: it's like buried in the sand, and you're trying to

466
00:24:59,800 --> 00:25:01,639
Speaker 1: un cover it and get a good model of what

467
00:25:01,720 --> 00:25:05,080
Speaker 1: it looks like. And you can't use that that intuition

468
00:25:05,119 --> 00:25:07,879
Speaker 1: it works so so well in many cases on the

469
00:25:07,920 --> 00:25:11,840
Speaker 1: inner exploration, you can't use that on the outer exploration. Yes,

470
00:25:12,160 --> 00:25:14,000
Speaker 1: I think that's a really good way of thinking about it,

471
00:25:14,000 --> 00:25:16,440
Speaker 1: and I really appreciate Adam getting in touch her because

472
00:25:16,480 --> 00:25:19,280
Speaker 1: this is I think one of the big tensions of

473
00:25:19,400 --> 00:25:24,199
Speaker 1: modern intellectual life is the tension between thinking for yourself

474
00:25:24,280 --> 00:25:26,560
Speaker 1: and listening to people who know what they're talking about.

475
00:25:26,600 --> 00:25:29,280
Speaker 1: And these two things, like, they're both very important and

476
00:25:29,320 --> 00:25:32,520
Speaker 1: an important part of like practicing good critical thinking and

477
00:25:32,760 --> 00:25:35,440
Speaker 1: being a well informed person who's more likely to come

478
00:25:35,480 --> 00:25:37,960
Speaker 1: to the you know, to know what's true about things,

479
00:25:38,560 --> 00:25:41,840
Speaker 1: is finding the correct balance of wind exercise these two thoughts.

480
00:25:42,160 --> 00:25:44,200
Speaker 1: I mean, I think one thing is it's it's good

481
00:25:44,200 --> 00:25:46,119
Speaker 1: to think for yourself. But as Adam points out, you

482
00:25:46,119 --> 00:25:49,119
Speaker 1: don't have time to think for yourself on every issue.

483
00:25:49,119 --> 00:25:52,000
Speaker 1: It's impossible. So you have to know what a real

484
00:25:52,280 --> 00:25:55,399
Speaker 1: expert looks like and sounds like versus somebody who's just

485
00:25:55,440 --> 00:25:58,399
Speaker 1: claiming to be an expert and be able to like

486
00:25:58,520 --> 00:26:00,720
Speaker 1: know when to listen to them on subjects that you

487
00:26:00,800 --> 00:26:04,400
Speaker 1: don't have the time to become fully educated on yourself. Yeah,

488
00:26:04,440 --> 00:26:06,159
Speaker 1: there's so many topics I do not want to be

489
00:26:06,160 --> 00:26:08,280
Speaker 1: an expert in. I don't want to be an expert in.

490
00:26:08,600 --> 00:26:12,960
Speaker 1: Uh uh, you know auto mechanics. That that's somebody else's domain,

491
00:26:13,040 --> 00:26:16,159
Speaker 1: and I'll gladly refer to their expertise. All right. I

492
00:26:16,200 --> 00:26:20,800
Speaker 1: think Carney has one more dripping bit of brain listener

493
00:26:20,800 --> 00:26:23,520
Speaker 1: mail for us here. This one comes also from an atom,

494
00:26:23,560 --> 00:26:26,200
Speaker 1: but a totally different atom. Hello, Robert and Joe. I'm

495
00:26:26,200 --> 00:26:29,520
Speaker 1: a longtime listener of the show for him North Carolina,

496
00:26:29,880 --> 00:26:31,960
Speaker 1: but I've never felt like I had something worth writing

497
00:26:31,960 --> 00:26:35,040
Speaker 1: in about until now. I have a condition known as

498
00:26:35,119 --> 00:26:39,600
Speaker 1: confusional arousal, also called sleep drunkenness. While I have not

499
00:26:39,760 --> 00:26:43,800
Speaker 1: been formally diagnosed, I have had several textbook episodes. Uh.

500
00:26:43,920 --> 00:26:46,120
Speaker 1: This is just an expression, as I don't believe there

501
00:26:46,160 --> 00:26:49,080
Speaker 1: is much literature on the condition. After doing a little research,

502
00:26:49,119 --> 00:26:51,040
Speaker 1: I have found that it is not even mentioned in

503
00:26:51,040 --> 00:26:53,280
Speaker 1: the D S M five, but there are several articles

504
00:26:53,320 --> 00:26:56,600
Speaker 1: about it online. My experiences with the condition have all

505
00:26:56,680 --> 00:26:59,320
Speaker 1: been told to me by others, as I have virtually

506
00:26:59,320 --> 00:27:01,480
Speaker 1: no memory of the events, but several people, including my

507
00:27:01,520 --> 00:27:05,480
Speaker 1: mother and former girlfriend have shared similar reports. It goes

508
00:27:05,520 --> 00:27:08,439
Speaker 1: something like this. I fall asleep while trying to stay awake.

509
00:27:08,760 --> 00:27:12,280
Speaker 1: Someone wakes me up. I am seemingly alert, but extremely confused,

510
00:27:12,320 --> 00:27:14,920
Speaker 1: unable to recognize people or where I am, and sometimes

511
00:27:15,000 --> 00:27:18,399
Speaker 1: mumbling or talking nonsensely. Then I go back to sleep

512
00:27:18,440 --> 00:27:21,240
Speaker 1: and wake up with no memory of the event, although

513
00:27:21,280 --> 00:27:24,200
Speaker 1: sometimes I have sort of a feeling that something happened.

514
00:27:24,520 --> 00:27:27,000
Speaker 1: One particular episode was quite frightening. I was watching TV

515
00:27:27,119 --> 00:27:29,320
Speaker 1: with my then girlfriend and fell asleep on her couch.

516
00:27:29,400 --> 00:27:31,439
Speaker 1: The next thing I remember, she was driving and we

517
00:27:31,440 --> 00:27:33,680
Speaker 1: were nearly to my house, about a fifteen minute drive

518
00:27:33,720 --> 00:27:36,239
Speaker 1: from hers. She was very upset, and I eventually got

519
00:27:36,280 --> 00:27:38,280
Speaker 1: her to tell me that I had an episode, and

520
00:27:38,320 --> 00:27:41,159
Speaker 1: along the way I said I hate you. I remember

521
00:27:41,160 --> 00:27:43,720
Speaker 1: saying something like that. Wasn't me in response, but I

522
00:27:43,760 --> 00:27:47,239
Speaker 1: believe still that because I have no memory of it,

523
00:27:47,320 --> 00:27:49,960
Speaker 1: and my conscious self would never have thought, much less

524
00:27:50,000 --> 00:27:52,399
Speaker 1: said something like that. Still, it raised the question to

525
00:27:52,440 --> 00:27:55,160
Speaker 1: her and myself of whether part of my unconscious mind

526
00:27:55,200 --> 00:27:58,119
Speaker 1: felt that way. Even before I listened to your split

527
00:27:58,160 --> 00:28:00,639
Speaker 1: brain episode, I had the intuition that this episode was

528
00:28:00,720 --> 00:28:03,760
Speaker 1: due to parts of my brain, perhaps one whole hemisphere

529
00:28:03,920 --> 00:28:06,879
Speaker 1: remaining asleep on the rest was awake. I recognize that

530
00:28:06,920 --> 00:28:09,840
Speaker 1: this assumption could be false, as this phenomenon is barely

531
00:28:09,880 --> 00:28:13,240
Speaker 1: recognized in psychology, must let much less explained, but I

532
00:28:13,280 --> 00:28:16,480
Speaker 1: don't know how else this could be explained. Any insight

533
00:28:16,760 --> 00:28:19,040
Speaker 1: you could give would be appreciated, and I believe this

534
00:28:19,040 --> 00:28:22,360
Speaker 1: would fit in well with any future paras omnia episodes

535
00:28:22,560 --> 00:28:25,480
Speaker 1: you would record. Anyway, Thank you for this seemingly endless,

536
00:28:25,520 --> 00:28:28,760
Speaker 1: insightful and fascinating content you have me. Uh. You have

537
00:28:28,800 --> 00:28:31,680
Speaker 1: brought me hours of entertainment and blown my mind many times.

538
00:28:31,960 --> 00:28:34,480
Speaker 1: I especially enjoy your episodes related to space travel and

539
00:28:34,480 --> 00:28:37,720
Speaker 1: science fiction, but all of them are great. Best regards, Adam, Well,

540
00:28:37,720 --> 00:28:40,720
Speaker 1: thanks Adam. Uh yeah, I mean, I think the realm

541
00:28:40,760 --> 00:28:43,920
Speaker 1: of sleep is one of the easiest places people can

542
00:28:43,960 --> 00:28:47,160
Speaker 1: go to to understand what it's like to not know

543
00:28:47,320 --> 00:28:51,280
Speaker 1: your own brain, you know, because they're everybody's had the

544
00:28:51,320 --> 00:28:55,320
Speaker 1: experience I bet of doing something in a dream that

545
00:28:55,400 --> 00:28:57,720
Speaker 1: you would you would think you would never do in

546
00:28:57,800 --> 00:28:59,880
Speaker 1: normal life, and you would never want to do. You

547
00:29:00,040 --> 00:29:02,640
Speaker 1: feel horrible about right, and then you wake up and

548
00:29:02,680 --> 00:29:04,280
Speaker 1: you think, oh my god, you know, I just had

549
00:29:04,280 --> 00:29:06,960
Speaker 1: a dream. Where I slapped my grandmother or something that

550
00:29:06,960 --> 00:29:09,960
Speaker 1: that would just be horrible, Um, why did I do that?

551
00:29:10,160 --> 00:29:12,600
Speaker 1: Is that part of what my brain really wants to do?

552
00:29:12,640 --> 00:29:15,120
Speaker 1: It You're you're confronted with the idea that you have

553
00:29:15,680 --> 00:29:17,920
Speaker 1: things going on in your brain that are not part

554
00:29:17,920 --> 00:29:20,240
Speaker 1: of your volition, you know, not not part of your

555
00:29:20,280 --> 00:29:25,160
Speaker 1: normal will or your normal understanding of yourself that you know,

556
00:29:25,640 --> 00:29:27,720
Speaker 1: I can't say that I ever really have dreams where

557
00:29:27,760 --> 00:29:31,440
Speaker 1: I do things that I wouldn't do in reality. Really yeah,

558
00:29:31,560 --> 00:29:34,680
Speaker 1: like and not now. I certainly have dreams where the

559
00:29:34,720 --> 00:29:37,560
Speaker 1: protagonist of the dream is not me, you know, where

560
00:29:37,600 --> 00:29:40,600
Speaker 1: it's more of a narrative dream, it's a dream about

561
00:29:40,840 --> 00:29:44,480
Speaker 1: somebody else or some other people. But dreams in which

562
00:29:44,520 --> 00:29:49,200
Speaker 1: I am myself. I am often like really inconveniently tied

563
00:29:49,240 --> 00:29:54,880
Speaker 1: to my own um uh, you know, moral behavior, like

564
00:29:54,960 --> 00:29:56,240
Speaker 1: they would be. It would be a lot more fun

565
00:29:56,280 --> 00:29:58,120
Speaker 1: if in some of these cases if I was just

566
00:29:58,600 --> 00:30:01,800
Speaker 1: essentially lucid dreaming and could you know, play the bad

567
00:30:01,840 --> 00:30:06,280
Speaker 1: guy internal grand theft autoing essentially, But it never goes

568
00:30:06,320 --> 00:30:09,400
Speaker 1: that way. It's more like it's just me being like,

569
00:30:09,520 --> 00:30:12,320
Speaker 1: I know I really can't do that, I shouldn't do that. No,

570
00:30:12,480 --> 00:30:14,479
Speaker 1: I'm gonna say no to that as well. And then

571
00:30:14,600 --> 00:30:16,360
Speaker 1: later I wake up and I told that was a dream?

572
00:30:16,400 --> 00:30:18,280
Speaker 1: Why did I say say no? I should have just

573
00:30:18,480 --> 00:30:20,640
Speaker 1: I should have just you know, flown through the ceiling

574
00:30:20,680 --> 00:30:23,280
Speaker 1: and been got in my own universe. And I really

575
00:30:23,320 --> 00:30:26,480
Speaker 1: need to make this lucid dreaming thing happen at some point. No,

576
00:30:26,600 --> 00:30:28,400
Speaker 1: it sounds like you're saving yourself a lot of guilt.

577
00:30:28,560 --> 00:30:30,640
Speaker 1: I mean, I think it is normal for people to

578
00:30:30,680 --> 00:30:33,200
Speaker 1: have dreams where they do things they don't feel good

579
00:30:33,240 --> 00:30:35,320
Speaker 1: about when they wake up, even though they didn't actually

580
00:30:35,360 --> 00:30:37,760
Speaker 1: do them. You can just be worried that, like, why

581
00:30:37,760 --> 00:30:40,920
Speaker 1: did my brain produce that? I'll see, I I don't know.

582
00:30:40,920 --> 00:30:42,760
Speaker 1: I would. I don't think I've ever had that experience.

583
00:30:42,800 --> 00:30:45,960
Speaker 1: I almost would would would like to try something different differently,

584
00:30:46,000 --> 00:30:48,920
Speaker 1: because yeah, I've just had I just have way too

585
00:30:48,920 --> 00:30:51,840
Speaker 1: many dreams, especially now, like there's like nothing even interesting

586
00:30:51,880 --> 00:30:56,160
Speaker 1: happens in the dream. It's just, uh, in large part

587
00:30:56,240 --> 00:30:59,360
Speaker 1: because I end up playing by the rules so much

588
00:30:59,360 --> 00:31:01,520
Speaker 1: in them. You know, I bet somewhere out there there's

589
00:31:01,520 --> 00:31:03,560
Speaker 1: somebody who's got a book it's like the five step

590
00:31:03,600 --> 00:31:07,080
Speaker 1: process for becoming bad in dreams. I mean, certainly their

591
00:31:07,160 --> 00:31:09,280
Speaker 1: their their process is to help you with lucy dreaming.

592
00:31:09,280 --> 00:31:12,080
Speaker 1: And if i've I've known people who have had get

593
00:31:12,120 --> 00:31:14,440
Speaker 1: some success with it. But it's just it's a lot

594
00:31:14,440 --> 00:31:17,680
Speaker 1: of work and and there's so many other things I'm

595
00:31:17,680 --> 00:31:20,600
Speaker 1: trying to do as as as I'm you know, ramping

596
00:31:20,680 --> 00:31:22,880
Speaker 1: up to bedtime. Well, maybe your brain is just saving

597
00:31:22,920 --> 00:31:25,320
Speaker 1: all your creativity for your waking hours. That would be

598
00:31:25,320 --> 00:31:27,640
Speaker 1: a thing to be thankful for. Maybe that's what's happening.

599
00:31:27,640 --> 00:31:30,040
Speaker 1: That's the positive spin. Alright, Well, on that note, we're

600
00:31:30,040 --> 00:31:31,640
Speaker 1: going to take one more break and when we come

601
00:31:31,640 --> 00:31:37,520
Speaker 1: back a little more listener mail. Alright, we're back. So

602
00:31:37,600 --> 00:31:40,800
Speaker 1: this next message comes from our listener Emmett and it's

603
00:31:40,840 --> 00:31:44,600
Speaker 1: on the subject of Omamua and im it rights Hi again.

604
00:31:44,720 --> 00:31:47,760
Speaker 1: In the recent listener Mail episode, you mentioned that Omumu

605
00:31:47,960 --> 00:31:50,920
Speaker 1: gained momentum by traveling past our son. This is not

606
00:31:51,080 --> 00:31:53,040
Speaker 1: likely to be the case in the sense I think

607
00:31:53,080 --> 00:31:56,120
Speaker 1: you meant as a traveling object inners a gravity well,

608
00:31:56,400 --> 00:31:59,040
Speaker 1: it does gain momentum, but it would then lose all

609
00:31:59,040 --> 00:32:01,680
Speaker 1: that momentum as leaves the well. I think that's correct,

610
00:32:02,120 --> 00:32:04,640
Speaker 1: and it says there are two maneuvers that you can

611
00:32:04,680 --> 00:32:07,280
Speaker 1: gain momentum from a gravity well. The one we usually

612
00:32:07,280 --> 00:32:10,480
Speaker 1: hear about is a slingshot maneuver, which can't be used

613
00:32:10,480 --> 00:32:12,880
Speaker 1: by objects from our Solar system when it comes to

614
00:32:12,920 --> 00:32:15,800
Speaker 1: the Sun because the Sun's momentum is zero from our

615
00:32:15,840 --> 00:32:19,680
Speaker 1: reference frame. Mumua is not from our solar system, true,

616
00:32:19,680 --> 00:32:22,560
Speaker 1: but it's momentum is similar to the Sun's, so I'm

617
00:32:22,560 --> 00:32:25,280
Speaker 1: not sure it could effectively steal momentum from the Sun

618
00:32:25,360 --> 00:32:27,880
Speaker 1: this way. Even if it could, it would depend on

619
00:32:27,880 --> 00:32:30,400
Speaker 1: what side of the Sun it passed by on. If

620
00:32:30,440 --> 00:32:32,680
Speaker 1: it passed in front of the Sun's motion, it would

621
00:32:32,680 --> 00:32:36,040
Speaker 1: actually lose speed. There's another way for an object to

622
00:32:36,040 --> 00:32:38,760
Speaker 1: get a speed boost from the Sun's gravity well, through

623
00:32:38,800 --> 00:32:42,240
Speaker 1: the oh Birth effect. Drive systems in spacecraft are more

624
00:32:42,280 --> 00:32:45,040
Speaker 1: efficient at higher speeds up to a point, and you

625
00:32:45,120 --> 00:32:47,920
Speaker 1: can use the fall into the Sun's gravity well to

626
00:32:47,960 --> 00:32:51,120
Speaker 1: build up some velocity and then activate your drive. This

627
00:32:51,160 --> 00:32:54,120
Speaker 1: will give your drive a small but very real efficiency boost.

628
00:32:54,560 --> 00:32:57,640
Speaker 1: The last way that applies to Mumua is that near

629
00:32:57,680 --> 00:33:00,520
Speaker 1: the Sun, radiation pressure is going to be high, so

630
00:33:00,560 --> 00:33:03,280
Speaker 1: the boost Omumua felt was probably just because it was

631
00:33:03,280 --> 00:33:07,480
Speaker 1: getting blasted with more intense solar wind and radiation um

632
00:33:07,520 --> 00:33:09,560
Speaker 1: And yeah, I think im it's correct about that, And

633
00:33:09,720 --> 00:33:11,680
Speaker 1: what we were talking about in the episode was probably

634
00:33:11,720 --> 00:33:14,320
Speaker 1: that the radiation pressure led to the net gain in

635
00:33:14,400 --> 00:33:18,000
Speaker 1: momentum that omum experience. But I think immats responding to

636
00:33:19,440 --> 00:33:23,480
Speaker 1: somebody asking us um if omumu would gain speed by

637
00:33:23,520 --> 00:33:25,920
Speaker 1: traveling near the Sun, and I think we said it would,

638
00:33:25,960 --> 00:33:28,760
Speaker 1: which of course it would. But immage is entirely correct

639
00:33:28,800 --> 00:33:31,760
Speaker 1: that as it leaves it also loses that speed as well,

640
00:33:31,840 --> 00:33:35,320
Speaker 1: so it would be at the fastest point near its parahelion,

641
00:33:35,360 --> 00:33:37,920
Speaker 1: when it's closest to the Sun in that parabola. So

642
00:33:37,960 --> 00:33:42,320
Speaker 1: you're saying it might be aliens. No, well, what does

643
00:33:42,360 --> 00:33:44,760
Speaker 1: it might mean? I don't know. You know, how small

644
00:33:44,760 --> 00:33:47,040
Speaker 1: of a chance does that encompass. I'm still clinging to

645
00:33:47,120 --> 00:33:52,680
Speaker 1: the the out of control alien derelict ship possibility. Okay, yeah,

646
00:33:53,040 --> 00:33:55,479
Speaker 1: I put a higher chance on it being aliens than

647
00:33:55,520 --> 00:33:59,840
Speaker 1: I do on it being humans from the future. All right,

648
00:34:00,280 --> 00:34:02,040
Speaker 1: I want to read a quick listener mail here that

649
00:34:02,080 --> 00:34:04,880
Speaker 1: came to us. So is related to an older episode

650
00:34:04,920 --> 00:34:08,120
Speaker 1: one that I did with Christian about Chinese ghost marriage.

651
00:34:08,640 --> 00:34:12,040
Speaker 1: Oh yeah, this one comes to us from Nicole. She says, hey, guys,

652
00:34:12,080 --> 00:34:14,360
Speaker 1: I was just listening to your episode on Chinese ghost marriage,

653
00:34:14,360 --> 00:34:15,680
Speaker 1: and I know I'm late to the party, but I

654
00:34:15,719 --> 00:34:18,120
Speaker 1: have a story for you. A couple of years ago,

655
00:34:18,200 --> 00:34:21,960
Speaker 1: my dad attended his father's funeral in Northeast China. A

656
00:34:21,960 --> 00:34:24,560
Speaker 1: man dressed in white, which is typically warned by family

657
00:34:24,560 --> 00:34:27,200
Speaker 1: members of the deceased, approached my dad and greeted him

658
00:34:27,239 --> 00:34:29,759
Speaker 1: as a brother. Neither my dad nor any of his

659
00:34:29,800 --> 00:34:32,600
Speaker 1: sisters had met this man before. As it turns out,

660
00:34:32,640 --> 00:34:35,640
Speaker 1: my grandfather had an older sister who passed away before

661
00:34:35,640 --> 00:34:38,520
Speaker 1: she was married. Around the same time, a boy from

662
00:34:38,560 --> 00:34:43,160
Speaker 1: the same village died, also unmarried. The two were married posthumously.

663
00:34:43,560 --> 00:34:46,719
Speaker 1: The boy's family then went the extra mile and adopted

664
00:34:46,719 --> 00:34:49,200
Speaker 1: a son on behalf of their dead son and daughter

665
00:34:49,239 --> 00:34:52,319
Speaker 1: in law, without the knowledge of my family. That son

666
00:34:52,440 --> 00:34:55,120
Speaker 1: was my dad's cousin. He had come to pay his

667
00:34:55,160 --> 00:34:57,640
Speaker 1: respects to his uncle. Just thought you might like an

668
00:34:57,680 --> 00:35:01,360
Speaker 1: example of how this seemingly archaic rite exists in living memory.

669
00:35:01,600 --> 00:35:04,879
Speaker 1: Keep up the good work, Nicole from Australia. Well, thank you, Nicole.

670
00:35:04,960 --> 00:35:07,640
Speaker 1: That was a wonderful tidday. Yeah that this this was

671
00:35:07,640 --> 00:35:11,080
Speaker 1: an older episode. Uh that that that looked at Chinese

672
00:35:11,080 --> 00:35:13,680
Speaker 1: ghost marriage and uh and you know, tried to get

673
00:35:13,719 --> 00:35:16,680
Speaker 1: to the heart like, you know what why it exists

674
00:35:16,960 --> 00:35:19,360
Speaker 1: and existed as as a practice and what it says

675
00:35:19,400 --> 00:35:23,839
Speaker 1: about um these you know, these traditional Chinese models of

676
00:35:24,200 --> 00:35:28,239
Speaker 1: a family and ideas about uh, you know what, what

677
00:35:28,239 --> 00:35:30,200
Speaker 1: what happens when we die? Now we deal with the

678
00:35:31,000 --> 00:35:35,279
Speaker 1: passing of individuals who have h you know, haven't to

679
00:35:35,480 --> 00:35:40,239
Speaker 1: quite fit into the ideal family form. Uh. So it

680
00:35:40,280 --> 00:35:41,920
Speaker 1: was great to get great to hear from somebody that

681
00:35:41,960 --> 00:35:45,640
Speaker 1: has you know, personal family experience of of this. Yeah,

682
00:35:45,680 --> 00:35:48,120
Speaker 1: totally thank you for getting in touch, Nicole. All Right,

683
00:35:48,200 --> 00:35:50,600
Speaker 1: this next one, we got at least a couple of

684
00:35:50,640 --> 00:35:53,759
Speaker 1: messages in response to the episode Robert and I did

685
00:35:53,800 --> 00:35:56,919
Speaker 1: back in October about curses. It was an episode called

686
00:35:56,960 --> 00:35:59,680
Speaker 1: The Curse, and I was kind of surprised given the

687
00:35:59,680 --> 00:36:02,440
Speaker 1: norm all approach to the show. But we heard from

688
00:36:02,480 --> 00:36:05,920
Speaker 1: a couple of listeners who were unhappy with the episode

689
00:36:06,040 --> 00:36:09,440
Speaker 1: because they thought we were too dismissive or closed minded

690
00:36:09,520 --> 00:36:14,160
Speaker 1: about the idea that magic spells literally work. Um. And

691
00:36:14,160 --> 00:36:16,640
Speaker 1: and of course we did discuss plenty of the potential

692
00:36:16,640 --> 00:36:20,480
Speaker 1: psychological power and meaning of of spell work and witchcraft

693
00:36:20,520 --> 00:36:22,880
Speaker 1: and all that. But uh, they seem to think we

694
00:36:22,920 --> 00:36:27,279
Speaker 1: were too dismissive of spells literally having an effect. Well, well,

695
00:36:27,320 --> 00:36:29,560
Speaker 1: let's let's hear what she had to say. Okay, so

696
00:36:29,600 --> 00:36:32,760
Speaker 1: this is from Michelle. I found your episode on curses

697
00:36:32,840 --> 00:36:35,480
Speaker 1: very interesting, and I have a link to information about

698
00:36:35,520 --> 00:36:38,360
Speaker 1: book curses that you may find interesting as well. However,

699
00:36:38,360 --> 00:36:40,600
Speaker 1: in the podcast, you mentioned more than once that course

700
00:36:40,760 --> 00:36:43,640
Speaker 1: curses were invoked by common folk that the end that

701
00:36:43,680 --> 00:36:47,279
Speaker 1: they had no scientific understanding, and you even stated with

702
00:36:47,400 --> 00:36:50,840
Speaker 1: certainty that magic isn't real. This is surprising because you

703
00:36:50,920 --> 00:36:53,799
Speaker 1: normally keep such open minds. I think you make these

704
00:36:53,800 --> 00:36:56,920
Speaker 1: statements based on the belief that magic is supernatural. But

705
00:36:57,000 --> 00:37:00,239
Speaker 1: what if magic is as naturally possible as gravy or

706
00:37:00,320 --> 00:37:03,560
Speaker 1: quantum physics. I'm no expert on many scientific things, but

707
00:37:03,600 --> 00:37:06,320
Speaker 1: I accept them to be true without clear evidence presented

708
00:37:06,360 --> 00:37:08,960
Speaker 1: to my eyes. I'd encourage you to do some reading

709
00:37:09,000 --> 00:37:11,920
Speaker 1: on magic and modern paganism. You may find it interesting.

710
00:37:12,160 --> 00:37:14,680
Speaker 1: The Complete Idiot's Guide to Wicca and Witchcraft is a

711
00:37:14,719 --> 00:37:17,319
Speaker 1: good place to start. It was highly recommended to me

712
00:37:17,440 --> 00:37:19,719
Speaker 1: by the proprietor of a local witchcraft store, and I

713
00:37:19,760 --> 00:37:24,600
Speaker 1: did find it to be informative as promised. Blessed be Michelle. Well,

714
00:37:24,640 --> 00:37:28,279
Speaker 1: thanks for getting in touch, Michelle, and Um, I while

715
00:37:28,280 --> 00:37:30,839
Speaker 1: I'm going to disagree with you partially, I take your

716
00:37:30,840 --> 00:37:34,160
Speaker 1: point seriously. Um. The first thought I have is that,

717
00:37:34,360 --> 00:37:36,319
Speaker 1: as we talked about in the episode, I think it's

718
00:37:36,400 --> 00:37:40,960
Speaker 1: really important to distinguish between like literal magical causation, like

719
00:37:41,360 --> 00:37:44,520
Speaker 1: the power of spells to levitate objects or strike a

720
00:37:44,560 --> 00:37:47,680
Speaker 1: cloak thief dead at a distance, um, and like the

721
00:37:47,760 --> 00:37:51,920
Speaker 1: personal psychological power of sacred rights like spells. Yeah. I

722
00:37:51,920 --> 00:37:56,200
Speaker 1: mean I've had people cast spells, you know, pagan spells,

723
00:37:56,239 --> 00:38:00,160
Speaker 1: say in my house as a protective you know, sort

724
00:38:00,200 --> 00:38:04,800
Speaker 1: of housewarming kind of uh an effect. I've had spells

725
00:38:04,920 --> 00:38:07,279
Speaker 1: cast on me that have kind of like a healing objective.

726
00:38:07,719 --> 00:38:09,840
Speaker 1: And certainly neither of these am I going to expect

727
00:38:09,880 --> 00:38:13,880
Speaker 1: you know, them to work. To these two it's for

728
00:38:13,920 --> 00:38:16,560
Speaker 1: the home protection spell to be like a security system

729
00:38:16,680 --> 00:38:18,839
Speaker 1: or the or the the healing spell to be as

730
00:38:18,880 --> 00:38:21,600
Speaker 1: good as uh, you know, going to see a doctor

731
00:38:21,640 --> 00:38:24,040
Speaker 1: about my knee or you know, something to that effect.

732
00:38:24,920 --> 00:38:29,440
Speaker 1: But they certainly have social value. They certainly have There

733
00:38:29,520 --> 00:38:33,399
Speaker 1: is a value in somebody saying I care about you

734
00:38:33,520 --> 00:38:36,640
Speaker 1: or your circumstance, and here is here is a ritual

735
00:38:36,719 --> 00:38:38,640
Speaker 1: that proves it out. I mean, that's that's just how

736
00:38:38,680 --> 00:38:40,680
Speaker 1: I look at it. Yeah, exactly. I mean I feel

737
00:38:40,760 --> 00:38:43,120
Speaker 1: very much the same way about religious rights and rituals

738
00:38:43,120 --> 00:38:46,960
Speaker 1: that you don't have to believe that there's literal supernatural

739
00:38:47,120 --> 00:38:50,160
Speaker 1: power at work in order to see them as valuable,

740
00:38:50,200 --> 00:38:53,759
Speaker 1: because they are psychological dramas. They have meaning and significance

741
00:38:53,800 --> 00:38:58,520
Speaker 1: between people that they establish feelings and relationships. Like when

742
00:38:58,560 --> 00:39:02,120
Speaker 1: I listened to the Song of the Tiger Um. I

743
00:39:02,200 --> 00:39:05,480
Speaker 1: know that it doesn't actually have a magical effect on me,

744
00:39:05,880 --> 00:39:07,960
Speaker 1: but it but it certainly gets me pumped up. It

745
00:39:07,960 --> 00:39:11,879
Speaker 1: makes me feel like like I'm a little bit uh invincible.

746
00:39:12,000 --> 00:39:14,880
Speaker 1: Yeah yeah, And in many ways, I think magic and

747
00:39:15,040 --> 00:39:17,319
Speaker 1: spells and rites and all that can be a lot

748
00:39:17,360 --> 00:39:20,640
Speaker 1: like music. It's not like music is invoking the you know,

749
00:39:20,680 --> 00:39:23,480
Speaker 1: the literal might of some god that exists somewhere, But

750
00:39:23,520 --> 00:39:25,480
Speaker 1: it does something to the people who listen to it

751
00:39:25,560 --> 00:39:27,440
Speaker 1: and the people who play it, and it can be.

752
00:39:27,560 --> 00:39:29,480
Speaker 1: It can be it can be a driving force in

753
00:39:29,480 --> 00:39:31,680
Speaker 1: your life. It can be a reason to live the

754
00:39:31,719 --> 00:39:36,239
Speaker 1: same with with with magic, with religion, with various supernatural

755
00:39:36,280 --> 00:39:40,160
Speaker 1: ideas if we choose to layer them over the objective

756
00:39:40,200 --> 00:39:44,319
Speaker 1: reality that we deal with now. But more directly to

757
00:39:44,360 --> 00:39:46,719
Speaker 1: Michelle's point, so when it does come to like the

758
00:39:46,760 --> 00:39:49,840
Speaker 1: literal magical causation she's talking about, I mean she she

759
00:39:49,960 --> 00:39:52,919
Speaker 1: is correct that I don't like believe in it, and

760
00:39:53,040 --> 00:39:55,560
Speaker 1: we don't tend to consider it on the show as

761
00:39:55,640 --> 00:39:59,680
Speaker 1: like a serious possibility and explaining why things happened, and

762
00:39:59,800 --> 00:40:02,399
Speaker 1: I don't think. Essentially my point is, I don't think

763
00:40:02,440 --> 00:40:05,600
Speaker 1: that it is closed minded to not attribute things to

764
00:40:05,719 --> 00:40:09,640
Speaker 1: literal magical causation, because I think being open minded means

765
00:40:09,640 --> 00:40:12,719
Speaker 1: being opened evidence. And if there's good evidence that there's

766
00:40:12,800 --> 00:40:15,200
Speaker 1: literal magical causation in the world, I think, of course

767
00:40:15,200 --> 00:40:17,080
Speaker 1: we would be open to it. I think we demonstrate

768
00:40:17,120 --> 00:40:19,680
Speaker 1: that all the time. But I just say, personally, since

769
00:40:19,719 --> 00:40:22,239
Speaker 1: like I'm really interested in this sort of thing, and

770
00:40:22,280 --> 00:40:24,560
Speaker 1: I read about this sort of thing a lot, and

771
00:40:24,600 --> 00:40:27,560
Speaker 1: I've never come across anything that seems like good evidence

772
00:40:27,560 --> 00:40:31,439
Speaker 1: of literal magic, I couldn't honestly claim on the show

773
00:40:31,480 --> 00:40:35,040
Speaker 1: to think that maybe magic is actually a good explanation

774
00:40:35,200 --> 00:40:38,120
Speaker 1: for something. So I would feel disingenuous if I was

775
00:40:38,160 --> 00:40:41,040
Speaker 1: on here saying like, maybe magical curses are real. I

776
00:40:41,120 --> 00:40:43,320
Speaker 1: just don't think that's likely to be true. And I

777
00:40:43,360 --> 00:40:46,240
Speaker 1: wouldn't feel honest if I was saying that. But ultimately,

778
00:40:46,280 --> 00:40:48,440
Speaker 1: our show it's not about it's not about say, dismissing

779
00:40:49,000 --> 00:40:51,680
Speaker 1: the idea of curses, is about like saying, well, but

780
00:40:51,680 --> 00:40:54,319
Speaker 1: but look, but look at what Look at all these

781
00:40:54,360 --> 00:40:57,160
Speaker 1: these rituals and all these beliefs that have existed that

782
00:40:57,280 --> 00:41:00,480
Speaker 1: do involve curses, Like why do we have curses? It's

783
00:41:00,520 --> 00:41:03,560
Speaker 1: finding what's important and powerful about curses even if there

784
00:41:03,640 --> 00:41:06,560
Speaker 1: is no literal magic. Yeah, Like none of these things

785
00:41:06,600 --> 00:41:09,440
Speaker 1: are meaningless, like anytime we talk about uh, you know,

786
00:41:09,520 --> 00:41:13,359
Speaker 1: religious concept, mythological concept, like these are not just meaningless

787
00:41:13,440 --> 00:41:18,560
Speaker 1: doodles in the corners of of the the Earth's scientific narrative,

788
00:41:18,640 --> 00:41:20,840
Speaker 1: like these are these are important things. That's say, important

789
00:41:20,840 --> 00:41:23,800
Speaker 1: things about us, about our world and how we interact

790
00:41:23,880 --> 00:41:26,960
Speaker 1: with it. And uh and yeah, I I feel like

791
00:41:27,000 --> 00:41:28,759
Speaker 1: that we always try and keep that part of the

792
00:41:28,800 --> 00:41:31,280
Speaker 1: mission here on stuff to blow your mind. I totally agree.

793
00:41:31,320 --> 00:41:35,120
Speaker 1: I'm finding what's interesting and meaningful about things, no matter

794
00:41:35,160 --> 00:41:37,600
Speaker 1: what those things are. I mean, like, and I would

795
00:41:37,640 --> 00:41:39,920
Speaker 1: also say that I feel like this way of looking

796
00:41:39,920 --> 00:41:42,480
Speaker 1: at the world goes way beyond just like magic and

797
00:41:42,520 --> 00:41:46,399
Speaker 1: spell work, paganism and witchcraft, for example, I know of

798
00:41:46,560 --> 00:41:50,480
Speaker 1: Christians who pray for their loved ones without believing the

799
00:41:50,520 --> 00:41:54,279
Speaker 1: prayer will literally bring supernatural benefits to the people they

800
00:41:54,320 --> 00:41:57,840
Speaker 1: pray for. Instead, it's more like performing an inner drama,

801
00:41:58,120 --> 00:42:02,480
Speaker 1: like reinforces value of selflessness and love and goodwill. It's

802
00:42:02,480 --> 00:42:05,279
Speaker 1: sort of a self conditioning Yeah, I mean, I I

803
00:42:06,000 --> 00:42:09,160
Speaker 1: we employee prayer in my house. It's uh, you know,

804
00:42:09,600 --> 00:42:11,360
Speaker 1: if nothing else, it is a reason to stop and

805
00:42:11,400 --> 00:42:14,399
Speaker 1: think about someone other than yourself, you know. And uh,

806
00:42:14,400 --> 00:42:17,440
Speaker 1: and that alone I think has value in one's life.

807
00:42:17,480 --> 00:42:19,400
Speaker 1: That again, this is just my take on the topic

808
00:42:19,520 --> 00:42:22,279
Speaker 1: totally man, So, I mean, I guess my final thought

809
00:42:22,320 --> 00:42:25,880
Speaker 1: here is that even when it comes to non practitioners,

810
00:42:26,480 --> 00:42:30,239
Speaker 1: a person doesn't have to believe in literal magical causation

811
00:42:30,320 --> 00:42:34,759
Speaker 1: to see what's fascinating and wonderful about things like paganism

812
00:42:34,760 --> 00:42:39,000
Speaker 1: and witchcraft and religious rituals in general. It's is fascinating phenomena.

813
00:42:39,280 --> 00:42:41,520
Speaker 1: It's something I want to understand and learn more about.

814
00:42:41,600 --> 00:42:43,719
Speaker 1: And if we didn't think these were worthy subjects, we

815
00:42:43,760 --> 00:42:46,080
Speaker 1: wouldn't talk about them so much on the show. Now,

816
00:42:46,120 --> 00:42:48,400
Speaker 1: on that note, I am glad that we still have

817
00:42:48,520 --> 00:42:51,840
Speaker 1: not uttered the V word or the L word, and

818
00:42:51,960 --> 00:42:55,319
Speaker 1: thus enraged are our our male body here? That would

819
00:42:55,400 --> 00:42:59,040
Speaker 1: be like invoking the wrath of an angry god. However,

820
00:42:59,120 --> 00:43:01,399
Speaker 1: we do have one last spit of listener mail here

821
00:43:01,640 --> 00:43:06,279
Speaker 1: that does relate to certain red little packages showing up

822
00:43:06,280 --> 00:43:09,480
Speaker 1: on your doorstep. Uh during certain parts of the year,

823
00:43:09,920 --> 00:43:12,920
Speaker 1: We're gonna we have a little bit of regarding Christmas

824
00:43:13,000 --> 00:43:16,319
Speaker 1: Island crabs. Boy. This two comes to us from Dan.

825
00:43:17,000 --> 00:43:19,799
Speaker 1: Dan says, I recently finished listening to the second part

826
00:43:19,800 --> 00:43:23,279
Speaker 1: of your Christmas Island Crab episode, and also, on your recommendation,

827
00:43:23,400 --> 00:43:26,680
Speaker 1: watched Roger Corman's Attack of the Crab Monster. Yeah, I'm

828
00:43:26,719 --> 00:43:30,359
Speaker 1: spreading the love. After watching the movie, I had an

829
00:43:30,400 --> 00:43:33,520
Speaker 1: idea for a possible remake that is also partially based

830
00:43:33,520 --> 00:43:36,560
Speaker 1: on your episode. The basic plot would stay the same.

831
00:43:36,600 --> 00:43:39,040
Speaker 1: A group of scientists and soldiers land on a remote

832
00:43:39,040 --> 00:43:41,920
Speaker 1: island to discover what happened to the previous group of

833
00:43:41,920 --> 00:43:46,320
Speaker 1: scientists and beyonder a giant, super intelligent crab monster bent

834
00:43:46,400 --> 00:43:49,239
Speaker 1: on world domination. But here's where the remake would differ

835
00:43:49,280 --> 00:43:52,160
Speaker 1: from the nine seven original. It would be set during

836
00:43:52,239 --> 00:43:56,960
Speaker 1: Christmas on Christmas Island and involve enormous, super intelligent coconut

837
00:43:57,000 --> 00:43:59,799
Speaker 1: crabs who have used their psychic powers to turn the

838
00:44:00,080 --> 00:44:03,600
Speaker 1: coal human population into slave labor, who worshiped the giant

839
00:44:03,640 --> 00:44:08,319
Speaker 1: decapods as God's continuously clear roads and build homes for them,

840
00:44:08,320 --> 00:44:11,320
Speaker 1: before ending up as a food source when their usefulness

841
00:44:11,400 --> 00:44:14,040
Speaker 1: runs out. Now, if you had a giant like god

842
00:44:14,200 --> 00:44:17,840
Speaker 1: sized coconut crab, can you imagine the amount of limpid oil?

843
00:44:19,800 --> 00:44:24,160
Speaker 1: What's more frightening a God sized crab or a crab

844
00:44:24,200 --> 00:44:29,120
Speaker 1: sized God. I'm not sure. Okay, Dan continues, and in

845
00:44:29,160 --> 00:44:32,840
Speaker 1: case you're wondering, Yes, it would involve radiation. Some ideas

846
00:44:32,840 --> 00:44:35,000
Speaker 1: are just too good to change. It has to be

847
00:44:35,080 --> 00:44:38,400
Speaker 1: atomic radiation. It's up to a rag tag group of

848
00:44:38,400 --> 00:44:42,200
Speaker 1: scientists and soldiers led by Brian Cox and Peter Stormare

849
00:44:42,520 --> 00:44:45,280
Speaker 1: to put an end to the crabs tyranny and liberate

850
00:44:45,320 --> 00:44:48,680
Speaker 1: the human slaves. Maybe we could use Robert's Wonderful Christmas

851
00:44:48,680 --> 00:44:51,240
Speaker 1: song during the end credits, coming soon into a theater

852
00:44:51,320 --> 00:44:53,760
Speaker 1: near you. Keep up the great work. I look forward

853
00:44:53,840 --> 00:44:56,600
Speaker 1: to more mind blowing episodes in the new year. Somebody

854
00:44:56,640 --> 00:44:59,560
Speaker 1: get Dan in touch with twenty century Fox their paramount.

855
00:44:59,600 --> 00:45:01,279
Speaker 1: I don't know. I don't know what studios do, what

856
00:45:01,360 --> 00:45:04,600
Speaker 1: whoever would make this movie get them going. Yeah, I

857
00:45:04,840 --> 00:45:07,759
Speaker 1: think we're overdue for a Giant Crab movie. Somebody's gonna

858
00:45:07,800 --> 00:45:09,600
Speaker 1: do it. It's gonna come back. There's going to be

859
00:45:09,640 --> 00:45:12,560
Speaker 1: another Giant Crab movie. Might as well be this one.

860
00:45:12,680 --> 00:45:14,560
Speaker 1: This one sounds pretty fun, And we have one. More

861
00:45:14,600 --> 00:45:18,240
Speaker 1: about Christmas Islands comes from Chris. Chris writes, Hi, Robert,

862
00:45:18,239 --> 00:45:21,120
Speaker 1: and Joe. I couldn't believe my ears when my wife

863
00:45:21,200 --> 00:45:23,840
Speaker 1: Michelle told me that you guys did not one, but

864
00:45:24,040 --> 00:45:27,560
Speaker 1: two pods about Christmas Island, a place I called home

865
00:45:27,640 --> 00:45:31,040
Speaker 1: for ten years between nine and two thousand six. Wow.

866
00:45:31,480 --> 00:45:34,080
Speaker 1: We we were like, hey, have you lived on Christmas Island?

867
00:45:34,120 --> 00:45:36,880
Speaker 1: If so? Right in we heard from multiple people who

868
00:45:36,920 --> 00:45:39,640
Speaker 1: had been to Christmas Island. I couldn't believe this. Yeah,

869
00:45:39,640 --> 00:45:41,680
Speaker 1: it was it was multiple people. But I knew there

870
00:45:41,680 --> 00:45:43,480
Speaker 1: would there would be at least one person out there.

871
00:45:43,520 --> 00:45:45,760
Speaker 1: I knew. I knew, So I guess it's not too surprising.

872
00:45:45,840 --> 00:45:48,560
Speaker 1: But Chris and Michelle actually lived there. They lived on

873
00:45:48,640 --> 00:45:52,920
Speaker 1: Christmas Island. So Chris continues, we thoroughly enjoyed both episodes,

874
00:45:52,960 --> 00:45:54,880
Speaker 1: and so I thought i'd dig up a few old

875
00:45:54,920 --> 00:45:58,920
Speaker 1: family photos from my childhood featuring days spent amongst the

876
00:45:58,960 --> 00:46:02,200
Speaker 1: red crabs. Every year we look forward to the onset

877
00:46:02,239 --> 00:46:04,920
Speaker 1: of the rainy season, which, as you described so wonderfully,

878
00:46:04,920 --> 00:46:09,080
Speaker 1: initiated the annual crab migration. We'd spend hours running around

879
00:46:09,080 --> 00:46:12,120
Speaker 1: the quiet streets, studying the crabs and watching the hordes

880
00:46:12,200 --> 00:46:14,759
Speaker 1: go by. Thanks for the great podcast and spreading the

881
00:46:14,800 --> 00:46:18,319
Speaker 1: word about my beautiful former home. Hope you like the photos.

882
00:46:18,360 --> 00:46:21,120
Speaker 1: And Chris attached some photos that are so good. One

883
00:46:21,239 --> 00:46:25,640
Speaker 1: is children playing in the street surrounded by crabs. Another

884
00:46:25,640 --> 00:46:28,319
Speaker 1: one is a cat sitting on like a looks like

885
00:46:28,320 --> 00:46:31,880
Speaker 1: a front lawn walkway, just lying there in that wonderful,

886
00:46:31,960 --> 00:46:36,080
Speaker 1: perfect lazy cat repose, surrounded by crabs on all sides.

887
00:46:36,160 --> 00:46:38,520
Speaker 1: The cat does not seem worried. Yeah, this looks like

888
00:46:38,560 --> 00:46:42,560
Speaker 1: a cat that was maybe in really into messing with

889
00:46:42,600 --> 00:46:45,200
Speaker 1: these crabs are checking him out a while ago, and

890
00:46:45,320 --> 00:46:47,600
Speaker 1: now it's just like so over it and it's just

891
00:46:47,600 --> 00:46:49,920
Speaker 1: just napping in the sun. But it looks like the

892
00:46:49,960 --> 00:46:52,879
Speaker 1: cat just is just gonna let the crabs crawl right

893
00:46:52,920 --> 00:46:56,319
Speaker 1: over him. Well, you got a nap somewhere. That's our

894
00:46:56,360 --> 00:47:00,439
Speaker 1: new motto. All right, Well, we're gonna close it off

895
00:47:01,120 --> 00:47:03,680
Speaker 1: there for today, but certainly we we had so much

896
00:47:03,680 --> 00:47:05,759
Speaker 1: more listener mail we didn't have time to get to.

897
00:47:06,400 --> 00:47:08,040
Speaker 1: Hopefully we'll come back to some of it in the

898
00:47:08,080 --> 00:47:11,319
Speaker 1: next installment in about a month or so. But but

899
00:47:11,400 --> 00:47:13,919
Speaker 1: again we thank everybody for writing in because we we

900
00:47:13,920 --> 00:47:15,759
Speaker 1: we really try and read it all. We don't have

901
00:47:15,800 --> 00:47:17,720
Speaker 1: time to respond to it all. We don't have time

902
00:47:17,760 --> 00:47:20,920
Speaker 1: on the show to feature it all, but we just

903
00:47:21,080 --> 00:47:24,959
Speaker 1: we do always appreciate hearing from all of our listeners. Yeah,

904
00:47:25,000 --> 00:47:27,319
Speaker 1: as always, we we really love all the mail we get.

905
00:47:27,360 --> 00:47:29,080
Speaker 1: We're sorry we can't read it all on the show,

906
00:47:29,120 --> 00:47:31,279
Speaker 1: and and please keep it coming. Thank you so much.

907
00:47:31,680 --> 00:47:34,560
Speaker 1: All right, So, hey, you all have listened to the

908
00:47:34,560 --> 00:47:37,120
Speaker 1: show enough to know the basics here. Stuff to Blow

909
00:47:37,160 --> 00:47:38,960
Speaker 1: your Mind dot com that's the mother ship. That's what

910
00:47:39,040 --> 00:47:41,680
Speaker 1: we find all the episodes. That's why you'll find links

911
00:47:41,680 --> 00:47:45,080
Speaker 1: out to social media accounts that were on, including the

912
00:47:45,120 --> 00:47:48,160
Speaker 1: discussion module Stuff to Blow your Mind's Facebook group, the

913
00:47:48,160 --> 00:47:50,080
Speaker 1: Discussion model. That's the official place if you want to

914
00:47:50,160 --> 00:47:53,040
Speaker 1: chat with other other listeners. And also Joe and I

915
00:47:53,080 --> 00:47:55,560
Speaker 1: hang out there a little bit as well. Post you know,

916
00:47:55,760 --> 00:47:58,960
Speaker 1: you know, anything you like related to episodes we've done,

917
00:47:58,960 --> 00:48:00,680
Speaker 1: our episodes, you'd like us to do in the future,

918
00:48:00,760 --> 00:48:03,719
Speaker 1: or just just fun science, etcetera. That's a good place

919
00:48:03,760 --> 00:48:05,960
Speaker 1: to go. Also, the website has a link out to

920
00:48:06,000 --> 00:48:09,480
Speaker 1: our public store, which has a number of cool designs

921
00:48:09,520 --> 00:48:12,800
Speaker 1: in there. You can get t shirts, stickers, laptop cases,

922
00:48:12,880 --> 00:48:17,000
Speaker 1: the pillows with our logos for invention or stuff to

923
00:48:17,000 --> 00:48:19,680
Speaker 1: blow your mind, as well as some cool designs based

924
00:48:19,680 --> 00:48:23,239
Speaker 1: on past episodes. Pillows, pillows, that's the best thing. You

925
00:48:23,280 --> 00:48:25,799
Speaker 1: can get. A pillow that says the squirrels are not

926
00:48:25,880 --> 00:48:30,240
Speaker 1: what they seem with that fabulous bone nawing squirrel design

927
00:48:30,280 --> 00:48:32,920
Speaker 1: that we have. What I want to see is listeners

928
00:48:32,960 --> 00:48:35,680
Speaker 1: out there buying pillows from our store and then getting

929
00:48:35,680 --> 00:48:37,920
Speaker 1: their pets to sit on those pillows and getting covered

930
00:48:37,960 --> 00:48:41,160
Speaker 1: in pet hair. Send us photos well, not of just

931
00:48:41,239 --> 00:48:43,560
Speaker 1: the pet hair, like the pet needs to be on

932
00:48:43,680 --> 00:48:46,080
Speaker 1: the yea, the pet on the throne of the stuff

933
00:48:46,080 --> 00:48:47,800
Speaker 1: to blow your mind pillow, Yeah, because I if I

934
00:48:47,800 --> 00:48:51,040
Speaker 1: want to see just pet hair on a pillow. Yeah, yeah,

935
00:48:52,440 --> 00:48:54,400
Speaker 1: all right. And as always, if you want to support

936
00:48:54,440 --> 00:48:57,040
Speaker 1: the show in a way that doesn't cost you a dime.

937
00:48:57,440 --> 00:49:00,279
Speaker 1: The absolute best thing you can do is subscribe to

938
00:49:00,440 --> 00:49:02,879
Speaker 1: Invention and Stuff to blow your mind and to rate

939
00:49:02,920 --> 00:49:04,880
Speaker 1: and review those shows wherever you have the power to

940
00:49:04,920 --> 00:49:08,160
Speaker 1: do so. Wherever you get this podcast huge thanks as

941
00:49:08,200 --> 00:49:12,160
Speaker 1: always to our excellent audio producers Alex Williams and Tory Harrison.

942
00:49:12,520 --> 00:49:14,400
Speaker 1: If you would like to get in touch with us

943
00:49:14,440 --> 00:49:17,640
Speaker 1: directly to let us know uh feedback on this episode

944
00:49:17,680 --> 00:49:20,040
Speaker 1: or any other, to suggest a topic for the future,

945
00:49:20,200 --> 00:49:22,080
Speaker 1: or just to say hello, let us know where you

946
00:49:22,120 --> 00:49:24,040
Speaker 1: listen from, how you found out about the show, all

947
00:49:24,040 --> 00:49:26,320
Speaker 1: that kind of stuff. You can email us at blow

948
00:49:26,400 --> 00:49:39,520
Speaker 1: the Mind at how stuff works dot com for more

949
00:49:39,560 --> 00:49:41,879
Speaker 1: on this and thousands of other topics. Does it how

950
00:49:41,920 --> 00:50:03,360
Speaker 1: stuff works dot com b has a farm back by A. P.