1 00:00:02,720 --> 00:00:09,280 Speaker 1: Bloomberg Audio Studios, podcasts, radio News. Musk, for all the 2 00:00:09,400 --> 00:00:13,800 Speaker 1: kind of excitement he's caused among Republicans, could actually be 3 00:00:13,880 --> 00:00:15,960 Speaker 1: setting them up for a real problem that's going to 4 00:00:16,040 --> 00:00:26,119 Speaker 1: hit when funding runs out on March fourteenth. 5 00:00:27,320 --> 00:00:30,440 Speaker 2: I'm Stephanie Flanders, head of Government and Economics at Bloomberg, 6 00:00:30,520 --> 00:00:33,360 Speaker 2: and this is Trumpnomics, the podcast that looks at the 7 00:00:33,400 --> 00:00:36,839 Speaker 2: economic world of Donald Trump, how he's already shaped the 8 00:00:36,880 --> 00:00:39,760 Speaker 2: global economy, and what on earth is going to happen 9 00:00:39,800 --> 00:00:44,280 Speaker 2: next This week, our question is will Elon musk campaign 10 00:00:44,400 --> 00:00:47,839 Speaker 2: to make the US government more efficient actually lead to 11 00:00:47,840 --> 00:00:51,479 Speaker 2: its shutting down altogether in a few weeks time. On 12 00:00:51,560 --> 00:00:54,720 Speaker 2: March fourteenth, the Continuing Resolution that funds the US federal 13 00:00:54,760 --> 00:00:57,800 Speaker 2: government will run out and its work will shut down 14 00:00:58,240 --> 00:01:02,360 Speaker 2: unless the Republican Congress and Donald Trump reach an agreement. Now, 15 00:01:02,560 --> 00:01:05,360 Speaker 2: that was always going to be tough, but Elon Musk 16 00:01:05,480 --> 00:01:08,480 Speaker 2: scorched earth overhaul of the US government via the so 17 00:01:08,600 --> 00:01:12,559 Speaker 2: called Department of Government Efficiency DOGE appears to have made 18 00:01:12,560 --> 00:01:15,320 Speaker 2: it a whole lot harder. So that's left me wanting 19 00:01:15,360 --> 00:01:18,440 Speaker 2: to know what exactly are the chances the federal government 20 00:01:18,480 --> 00:01:20,960 Speaker 2: shuts down in a few weeks. And if it does, 21 00:01:21,360 --> 00:01:24,160 Speaker 2: will DOGE shut down as well? Or will that be 22 00:01:24,160 --> 00:01:26,800 Speaker 2: an opportunity for Elon Musk and his team to really 23 00:01:26,840 --> 00:01:30,040 Speaker 2: go to town. Now, of course, nobody knows the answer 24 00:01:30,080 --> 00:01:32,360 Speaker 2: to those questions, but I have two people here who 25 00:01:32,440 --> 00:01:36,119 Speaker 2: can speculate much more wisely than most. Josh Green, National 26 00:01:36,200 --> 00:01:38,880 Speaker 2: correspondent at Bloomberg BusinessWeek, author of the New York Times 27 00:01:38,920 --> 00:01:43,360 Speaker 2: bestseller Devil's Bargain, Steve Bannon, Donald Trump, and the National Uprising. Josh, 28 00:01:43,440 --> 00:01:44,240 Speaker 2: great to have you back. 29 00:01:44,480 --> 00:01:46,760 Speaker 1: Could to be with you and Laura. 30 00:01:46,560 --> 00:01:51,080 Speaker 2: Davison, our White House editor specializing in DOGE taxes and 31 00:01:51,160 --> 00:01:53,640 Speaker 2: fiscal policy. I think of you as the DOGE czar, 32 00:01:53,800 --> 00:01:56,280 Speaker 2: but it just doesn't sound like a very nice name, Laura, 33 00:01:56,280 --> 00:01:58,120 Speaker 2: so I won't call you that, but very good to 34 00:01:58,120 --> 00:01:58,400 Speaker 2: have you. 35 00:01:58,880 --> 00:01:59,880 Speaker 3: Thanks for having me. 36 00:02:06,160 --> 00:02:06,240 Speaker 1: So. 37 00:02:06,320 --> 00:02:09,080 Speaker 2: I think in a more normal year, we'd have talked 38 00:02:09,080 --> 00:02:12,280 Speaker 2: about the prospect of a government shut down long before now, 39 00:02:12,320 --> 00:02:15,840 Speaker 2: since we're so close to that formal deadline. But frankly, 40 00:02:15,919 --> 00:02:17,480 Speaker 2: there's just been too much going on. 41 00:02:17,639 --> 00:02:17,959 Speaker 3: Josh. 42 00:02:18,000 --> 00:02:20,280 Speaker 2: I mean, you did draw attention to this a few 43 00:02:20,360 --> 00:02:23,360 Speaker 2: days ago in your excellent Business Week newsletter, but you 44 00:02:23,520 --> 00:02:28,639 Speaker 2: describe their Elon Musk rampaging across Washington like Godzilla leveling Tokyo, 45 00:02:28,960 --> 00:02:32,480 Speaker 2: packing away at federal agencies and firing workers on mass 46 00:02:32,520 --> 00:02:35,560 Speaker 2: through Doge, I think, very good visual image. You had 47 00:02:35,600 --> 00:02:38,880 Speaker 2: fun there. Doge appears to be having quite a lot 48 00:02:38,880 --> 00:02:44,040 Speaker 2: of blowback out in people's constituencies. Is certainly causing a 49 00:02:44,040 --> 00:02:46,760 Speaker 2: lot of headlines, a lot of stories. But there's a 50 00:02:46,840 --> 00:02:50,079 Speaker 2: very specific problem for the Republican leadership in Congress when 51 00:02:50,080 --> 00:02:52,720 Speaker 2: it comes to these upcoming votes to keep the government running. 52 00:02:52,760 --> 00:02:54,720 Speaker 2: So can you just take us through what they needed 53 00:02:54,720 --> 00:02:57,120 Speaker 2: to happen and how Musk has made it harder. 54 00:02:57,760 --> 00:03:00,640 Speaker 1: The vibe in Washington right now among republic pilkins is 55 00:03:00,840 --> 00:03:04,000 Speaker 1: very positive and very excited, and a lot of Trump 56 00:03:04,040 --> 00:03:08,919 Speaker 1: fans have really enjoyed watching Musk shutter agencies, fireworkers, create 57 00:03:08,960 --> 00:03:11,920 Speaker 1: all this chaos that has Democrats so upset, and of 58 00:03:11,960 --> 00:03:14,360 Speaker 1: course that's where all the news focus has been. But 59 00:03:14,360 --> 00:03:16,680 Speaker 1: if you look right now, the conference is divided between 60 00:03:16,680 --> 00:03:21,320 Speaker 1: a small group of hardline deficit hawks and the broader group, 61 00:03:21,360 --> 00:03:25,359 Speaker 1: which includes moderate Republicans from districts that Joe Biden won 62 00:03:25,760 --> 00:03:28,760 Speaker 1: who are concerned about deep spending cuts and so Republicans 63 00:03:28,760 --> 00:03:32,360 Speaker 1: haven't been able to agree on a spending bill. This 64 00:03:32,480 --> 00:03:35,920 Speaker 1: is not something that's new. In the past, Republicans have 65 00:03:36,000 --> 00:03:39,119 Speaker 1: run into the same problem In twenty twenty three, Kevin McCarthy, 66 00:03:39,160 --> 00:03:42,800 Speaker 1: the House Speaker, had to rely on Democratic votes. Last December, 67 00:03:42,840 --> 00:03:46,200 Speaker 1: Mike Johnson, his successor, again had to rely on Democratic 68 00:03:46,320 --> 00:03:50,520 Speaker 1: votes to averta shutdown. So before Elon Musk, there had 69 00:03:50,560 --> 00:03:52,640 Speaker 1: always been this kind of off ramp when I think 70 00:03:52,640 --> 00:03:55,080 Speaker 1: of as an off ramp, where a Republican House Speaker 71 00:03:55,080 --> 00:03:57,640 Speaker 1: who was in trouble could at the last minute cobble 72 00:03:57,680 --> 00:04:00,320 Speaker 1: together some kind of a deal with Democrats to keep 73 00:04:00,320 --> 00:04:04,040 Speaker 1: the government funded. This time, however, the Democrats I've spoken 74 00:04:04,080 --> 00:04:07,480 Speaker 1: to have been very angry about what Elon Musk is 75 00:04:07,520 --> 00:04:09,840 Speaker 1: doing and what Donald Trump is doing. And a couple 76 00:04:09,840 --> 00:04:11,320 Speaker 1: of them it said to me in the last couple 77 00:04:11,400 --> 00:04:14,080 Speaker 1: of weeks, why would we help out Speaker Johnson and 78 00:04:14,120 --> 00:04:16,200 Speaker 1: Republicans and agree to any kind of a deal. How 79 00:04:16,200 --> 00:04:18,880 Speaker 1: could we possibly trust it if Elon Musk and Trump 80 00:04:18,880 --> 00:04:22,400 Speaker 1: could just go ahead and summarily tear apart anything that 81 00:04:22,400 --> 00:04:25,520 Speaker 1: we'd agreed to. And to me, that raises an interesting 82 00:04:25,600 --> 00:04:27,760 Speaker 1: tension that a lot of people aren't focused on yet. 83 00:04:27,760 --> 00:04:31,440 Speaker 1: That Musk, for all the kind of excitement he's caused 84 00:04:31,440 --> 00:04:34,880 Speaker 1: among Republicans, could actually be setting them up for a 85 00:04:34,920 --> 00:04:37,120 Speaker 1: real problem that's going to hit when funding runs out 86 00:04:37,160 --> 00:04:38,440 Speaker 1: on March fourteenth. 87 00:04:38,520 --> 00:04:41,039 Speaker 2: You mentioned that they've needed Democratic votes in the past. 88 00:04:41,120 --> 00:04:43,120 Speaker 2: Just to be specific about it, there are quite a 89 00:04:43,120 --> 00:04:46,480 Speaker 2: few Republican congressmen who and people who have never voted 90 00:04:46,520 --> 00:04:49,640 Speaker 2: for one of these continuing resolutions, even with larger majorities 91 00:04:49,680 --> 00:04:53,280 Speaker 2: than they have now, they've always had to go to Democrats. 92 00:04:53,520 --> 00:04:58,279 Speaker 2: Given that direct linkage that you're making with Elon Musk's 93 00:04:58,640 --> 00:05:04,000 Speaker 2: unpopularity with Democrats and the need to get some Democrat votes, 94 00:05:04,080 --> 00:05:05,800 Speaker 2: do you get the sense that they're going to link 95 00:05:05,839 --> 00:05:07,320 Speaker 2: the two in any way, that they're trying to put 96 00:05:07,400 --> 00:05:10,719 Speaker 2: some restraint on Doze or on President Trump more generally 97 00:05:10,800 --> 00:05:12,880 Speaker 2: in return for that support, or would that be too 98 00:05:12,960 --> 00:05:13,839 Speaker 2: explicit for them. 99 00:05:14,040 --> 00:05:16,720 Speaker 1: No, that's exactly the question that I've been asking, and 100 00:05:16,920 --> 00:05:20,360 Speaker 1: the feedback I've gotten has been twofold. On the one hand, 101 00:05:20,600 --> 00:05:23,719 Speaker 1: there's the obvious worry, which you've mentioned, that how can 102 00:05:23,760 --> 00:05:27,799 Speaker 1: we have assurance that any deal we strike won't immediately 103 00:05:27,839 --> 00:05:31,040 Speaker 1: be torn apart or ignored by Musk? The question I've 104 00:05:31,040 --> 00:05:34,240 Speaker 1: been asking is would you actually write legislative language into 105 00:05:34,240 --> 00:05:37,640 Speaker 1: an agreement saying Elon Musk cannot cut this agency? Or 106 00:05:37,680 --> 00:05:40,840 Speaker 1: perhaps Trump could do what's called a presidential signing statement. 107 00:05:40,920 --> 00:05:43,160 Speaker 1: George W. Bush used to do these a lot, that 108 00:05:43,200 --> 00:05:47,440 Speaker 1: would specify his intentions for what a bill means and 109 00:05:47,480 --> 00:05:50,440 Speaker 1: how it should be interpreted. To guard it against Elon Musk, 110 00:05:50,480 --> 00:05:52,120 Speaker 1: There's got to be some kind of an assurance from 111 00:05:52,120 --> 00:05:55,360 Speaker 1: Democrats that the deal they agree to is going to 112 00:05:55,880 --> 00:06:00,000 Speaker 1: withstand Doge's attacks. But then the other factor in all 113 00:06:00,200 --> 00:06:03,799 Speaker 1: of this is that the Democratic Party is very unpopular. 114 00:06:03,800 --> 00:06:06,800 Speaker 1: It's favorability rating is something like in the mid thirties, 115 00:06:07,160 --> 00:06:09,960 Speaker 1: and so there's a lot of pressure on Democratic lawmakers 116 00:06:10,000 --> 00:06:13,920 Speaker 1: from Democratic voters not to simply roll over and enable 117 00:06:14,000 --> 00:06:17,479 Speaker 1: Trump and Republicans to continue what they view as an 118 00:06:17,520 --> 00:06:20,000 Speaker 1: assault on government. So there are a lot of forces, 119 00:06:20,080 --> 00:06:23,560 Speaker 1: I think, behind the scenes that are pushing the two 120 00:06:23,640 --> 00:06:25,799 Speaker 1: sides toward what looks to me to be a pretty 121 00:06:25,839 --> 00:06:27,160 Speaker 1: high chance of a government shutdown. 122 00:06:27,880 --> 00:06:29,680 Speaker 2: I guess, just to be clear, everyone in Congress is 123 00:06:29,720 --> 00:06:33,280 Speaker 2: pretty unpopular, right. The Republicans in Congress are not super popular, 124 00:06:33,400 --> 00:06:35,799 Speaker 2: or you would say, you think specifically as the Democrats. 125 00:06:36,040 --> 00:06:38,359 Speaker 1: I think the Democrats right now are more unpopular. I 126 00:06:38,360 --> 00:06:41,279 Speaker 1: saw Paul the other day that had Democrats running about 127 00:06:41,279 --> 00:06:44,839 Speaker 1: twenty points behind, I think, in popularity behind Republicans. When 128 00:06:44,880 --> 00:06:47,039 Speaker 1: Donald Trump even got a bit of a honeymoon, he 129 00:06:47,120 --> 00:06:50,120 Speaker 1: had higher favorability ratings and unfavorability he rings for the 130 00:06:50,120 --> 00:06:52,880 Speaker 1: first month or so of his presidency. But it's the 131 00:06:53,000 --> 00:06:56,560 Speaker 1: view of Democrats among their own voters that is so 132 00:06:56,720 --> 00:07:00,920 Speaker 1: worrisome to Democratic elected officials because they need this support 133 00:07:01,000 --> 00:07:03,520 Speaker 1: in order to stay in their jobs, and they're very 134 00:07:03,839 --> 00:07:08,320 Speaker 1: alert and attuned to the dissatisfaction in the Democratic base. 135 00:07:08,360 --> 00:07:10,200 Speaker 1: And that too is a factor that's going to play 136 00:07:10,240 --> 00:07:12,680 Speaker 1: into what Democrats are and aren't willing to agree on 137 00:07:12,720 --> 00:07:15,400 Speaker 1: when it comes to cutting it spending deal with the Republicans. 138 00:07:15,600 --> 00:07:17,480 Speaker 2: Okay, Joss, I might make you do a lot of work. 139 00:07:17,480 --> 00:07:19,640 Speaker 2: I have one more question. Go on to something else, 140 00:07:19,680 --> 00:07:22,640 Speaker 2: but I am interested. Do you think that doge has 141 00:07:22,760 --> 00:07:26,480 Speaker 2: changed the politics of a shutdown because we don't normally 142 00:07:26,480 --> 00:07:29,200 Speaker 2: talk about federal workers very much except if there's a shutdown, 143 00:07:29,440 --> 00:07:31,000 Speaker 2: But I feel like we spent the last two or 144 00:07:31,040 --> 00:07:33,800 Speaker 2: three weeks reading loads of stories about federal workers debating 145 00:07:33,800 --> 00:07:35,640 Speaker 2: whether they're all useless, or whether any of them are 146 00:07:35,640 --> 00:07:38,360 Speaker 2: really important. Do you think that maybe President Trump will 147 00:07:38,360 --> 00:07:41,120 Speaker 2: be less frightened of a shutdown in this context? Will 148 00:07:41,160 --> 00:07:43,920 Speaker 2: it just sort of muddy the waters around Doge. 149 00:07:44,160 --> 00:07:47,640 Speaker 1: They're eager to test the proposition that the government really 150 00:07:47,640 --> 00:07:49,480 Speaker 1: doesn't need all these employees to function on it, so 151 00:07:49,480 --> 00:07:51,800 Speaker 1: I think there would be some appetite for a shutdown. 152 00:07:52,280 --> 00:07:54,720 Speaker 1: The danger with that is that in the past, Republicans 153 00:07:54,760 --> 00:07:56,960 Speaker 1: have gone into shutdowns saying, Oh, this isn't going to 154 00:07:57,040 --> 00:07:59,600 Speaker 1: be a big deal, it will be fine, the government 155 00:07:59,600 --> 00:08:02,000 Speaker 1: can cont you to run. In my view, we had 156 00:08:02,040 --> 00:08:04,440 Speaker 1: a test to that back during the first Trump administration 157 00:08:04,520 --> 00:08:07,440 Speaker 1: in twenty eighteen and twenty nineteen, when Republicans allowed a 158 00:08:07,480 --> 00:08:11,280 Speaker 1: shutdown to occur because Trump wanted to secure immediate funding 159 00:08:11,360 --> 00:08:15,640 Speaker 1: for a border wall, and the shutdown lasted thirty five days. Eventually, 160 00:08:15,680 --> 00:08:19,880 Speaker 1: there was a lot of blowback from ordinary Americans, and 161 00:08:20,480 --> 00:08:24,520 Speaker 1: Trump ended up agreeing to reopen the government without having 162 00:08:24,560 --> 00:08:27,680 Speaker 1: secured that funding. Republicans and Trump lost that shutdown because 163 00:08:27,680 --> 00:08:30,840 Speaker 1: the political pressure became too much for them to bear. 164 00:08:31,280 --> 00:08:34,120 Speaker 1: I think the longer a shutdown goes on, regardless of 165 00:08:34,160 --> 00:08:36,640 Speaker 1: how excited Republicans might be in the front end of that. 166 00:08:37,400 --> 00:08:40,079 Speaker 1: The political pressure on them to get the government running 167 00:08:40,080 --> 00:08:43,480 Speaker 1: again is only going to increase. Elon Musk may not care, 168 00:08:44,080 --> 00:08:47,079 Speaker 1: a lot of Republicans eager to fire government workers may 169 00:08:47,080 --> 00:08:49,200 Speaker 1: not care. But at the end of the day, Republican 170 00:08:49,200 --> 00:08:51,600 Speaker 1: elected officials want to keep their jobs and Trump wants 171 00:08:51,640 --> 00:08:54,400 Speaker 1: to maintain his popularity, and it's very hard for me 172 00:08:54,440 --> 00:08:56,680 Speaker 1: to see how they would be able to do that 173 00:08:56,760 --> 00:08:58,280 Speaker 1: over an extended government shutdown. 174 00:08:58,559 --> 00:08:59,960 Speaker 2: I can be come back to a bit later, because 175 00:09:00,240 --> 00:09:02,680 Speaker 2: I do want to think about the implications for doge 176 00:09:02,720 --> 00:09:05,640 Speaker 2: itself and their activities if the government shuts down. But first, 177 00:09:05,720 --> 00:09:08,120 Speaker 2: I mean, we've had a lot of politics, which is 178 00:09:08,200 --> 00:09:10,959 Speaker 2: only occasionally allowed on Trumponomics, But I wanted to also 179 00:09:11,120 --> 00:09:14,640 Speaker 2: think about some of the numbers involved here, and specifically 180 00:09:14,880 --> 00:09:17,880 Speaker 2: have a quick think about whether all these firings and 181 00:09:17,920 --> 00:09:21,960 Speaker 2: scary emails and all the fire smoke coming out of 182 00:09:22,400 --> 00:09:25,920 Speaker 2: federal government thanks to DOGE, has actually produced a lot 183 00:09:25,920 --> 00:09:28,280 Speaker 2: of savings for the US taxpayer. So Laura, you and 184 00:09:28,320 --> 00:09:30,120 Speaker 2: your team keep a close eye on all this. And 185 00:09:30,360 --> 00:09:33,960 Speaker 2: I see that DOGE itself has claimed recently that it's 186 00:09:34,000 --> 00:09:37,400 Speaker 2: already found fifty five billion dollars worth of savings. Now, 187 00:09:37,440 --> 00:09:39,480 Speaker 2: our chief economy is pointed out, and a woe pointed 188 00:09:39,480 --> 00:09:42,400 Speaker 2: out on this show not long ago that you'd need 189 00:09:42,440 --> 00:09:45,079 Speaker 2: around eight times that you'd need more like four hundred 190 00:09:45,120 --> 00:09:50,000 Speaker 2: billion to really make a dent on the US borrowing trajectory. 191 00:09:50,400 --> 00:09:52,839 Speaker 2: But still in just a few weeks, fifty five billion 192 00:09:52,880 --> 00:09:55,959 Speaker 2: would be pretty impressive. Is it true so far? 193 00:09:56,160 --> 00:09:58,760 Speaker 3: No, And they actually recently updated that number just sixty 194 00:09:58,800 --> 00:10:01,480 Speaker 3: five billion, But we still have seen their accounting of 195 00:10:01,480 --> 00:10:02,240 Speaker 3: how they got there. 196 00:10:02,360 --> 00:10:03,760 Speaker 2: So in the last few days it's gone up from 197 00:10:03,760 --> 00:10:04,960 Speaker 2: fifty five to sixty five. 198 00:10:05,520 --> 00:10:09,720 Speaker 3: Yes, but the underlying sort of accounting doesn't bear that out. 199 00:10:10,080 --> 00:10:12,840 Speaker 3: Doge has really made this claim that they are the 200 00:10:12,880 --> 00:10:16,160 Speaker 3: most transparent agency out there, that they are doing this 201 00:10:16,200 --> 00:10:19,440 Speaker 3: all in public view. For the first couple weeks, what 202 00:10:19,440 --> 00:10:21,800 Speaker 3: this really was was just an x account just posting, hey, 203 00:10:21,880 --> 00:10:24,680 Speaker 3: we canceled this contract. We canceled that contract. In the 204 00:10:24,720 --> 00:10:26,600 Speaker 3: past week or so, they have put this all on 205 00:10:26,640 --> 00:10:29,080 Speaker 3: a Doze website and basically listed here are all the 206 00:10:29,120 --> 00:10:32,280 Speaker 3: contracts that we have canceled. If you go through there's 207 00:10:32,320 --> 00:10:34,520 Speaker 3: an At this point, I had a couple thousand there 208 00:10:34,559 --> 00:10:36,880 Speaker 3: when we did the math last week on this There 209 00:10:36,880 --> 00:10:41,640 Speaker 3: were about sixteen billion dollars worth of contracts listed there. However, 210 00:10:41,960 --> 00:10:44,040 Speaker 3: there was one that doesn't add up to the fifty 211 00:10:44,080 --> 00:10:45,840 Speaker 3: five billion that they were claiming at the top line. 212 00:10:45,880 --> 00:10:48,320 Speaker 3: And then once you dug down into these contracts, we 213 00:10:48,400 --> 00:10:51,120 Speaker 3: found one pretty major error that showed an eight billion 214 00:10:51,160 --> 00:10:54,960 Speaker 3: dollar contract that was actually an eight million dollar contract. 215 00:10:55,160 --> 00:10:56,640 Speaker 2: That's the kind of a state you make when you're 216 00:10:56,640 --> 00:10:58,439 Speaker 2: the richest man in the world and you're just constantly 217 00:10:58,480 --> 00:11:00,000 Speaker 2: getting your millions and billions mixed up. 218 00:11:00,400 --> 00:11:03,080 Speaker 3: But truly, as you mentioned, that doesn't really move the dial, 219 00:11:03,200 --> 00:11:04,959 Speaker 3: but it showed and caused a lot of called into 220 00:11:05,040 --> 00:11:09,079 Speaker 3: a question Doge and how transparent they are being. Actually, 221 00:11:09,400 --> 00:11:12,280 Speaker 3: they've accounted for about eight billion dollars worth of savings. 222 00:11:12,640 --> 00:11:15,480 Speaker 3: That's not that much here at Bloomberg when we're talking 223 00:11:15,520 --> 00:11:17,760 Speaker 3: about tax policies, we sometimes don't even really start talking 224 00:11:17,760 --> 00:11:19,800 Speaker 3: about them ntill they're about one hundred billion dollars. 225 00:11:20,160 --> 00:11:22,360 Speaker 2: Get out of bed for less than a few billions. 226 00:11:22,840 --> 00:11:26,080 Speaker 3: Other other colleagues have noted for various tax savings that 227 00:11:26,160 --> 00:11:28,360 Speaker 3: in this bill that Republicans are looking to pass later 228 00:11:28,400 --> 00:11:31,560 Speaker 3: this year. Elon Musk personally could benefit by hundreds of 229 00:11:31,559 --> 00:11:33,360 Speaker 3: billions of dollars. So the fact that his group is 230 00:11:33,400 --> 00:11:36,160 Speaker 3: only saving eight billion dollars really just goes to show 231 00:11:36,200 --> 00:11:37,720 Speaker 3: just how they're barely denting the surface. 232 00:11:38,000 --> 00:11:40,280 Speaker 2: And it's weird. I mean that particular example, the million 233 00:11:40,280 --> 00:11:42,079 Speaker 2: billion one. I mean, we joke around it, but actually 234 00:11:42,120 --> 00:11:43,679 Speaker 2: it's also one of those ones where it's just on 235 00:11:43,720 --> 00:11:47,840 Speaker 2: its face it's mad. You sort of wonder, how if 236 00:11:47,880 --> 00:11:49,959 Speaker 2: you just tell us a bit more about the detail 237 00:11:50,000 --> 00:11:52,440 Speaker 2: of what the claim is in terms of how this 238 00:11:52,880 --> 00:11:57,400 Speaker 2: contract would be bigger than anything that this company has 239 00:11:57,440 --> 00:11:59,000 Speaker 2: had anything to do with ever. 240 00:11:59,679 --> 00:12:01,720 Speaker 3: Yes, so this was a contractor that's out in a 241 00:12:01,800 --> 00:12:05,000 Speaker 3: Washington suburb. Their average contract going back was about a 242 00:12:05,120 --> 00:12:08,440 Speaker 3: million dollars, so this having an eight billion dollar contract 243 00:12:08,600 --> 00:12:10,200 Speaker 3: would just be wildly out of proportion. 244 00:12:10,320 --> 00:12:12,320 Speaker 2: And it is a DEI contract, right of course you 245 00:12:12,320 --> 00:12:14,440 Speaker 2: want to claim that you were wasting lots and lots 246 00:12:14,440 --> 00:12:15,360 Speaker 2: of money on DEI. 247 00:12:15,880 --> 00:12:18,079 Speaker 3: Yes, And even for the agency this contract was going through, 248 00:12:18,080 --> 00:12:20,320 Speaker 3: their entire budget was only about nine billion dollars. So 249 00:12:20,360 --> 00:12:22,400 Speaker 3: the fact that they would have one single contract being 250 00:12:22,400 --> 00:12:24,720 Speaker 3: eight billion on DEI just doesn't stand up. 251 00:12:24,840 --> 00:12:25,720 Speaker 2: And it was eight million. 252 00:12:25,960 --> 00:12:28,440 Speaker 3: It was for eight million. The other thing that was 253 00:12:28,480 --> 00:12:30,880 Speaker 3: really called into question even of Okay, say you make 254 00:12:30,920 --> 00:12:34,280 Speaker 3: that accounting change, you have eight billion dollars in which 255 00:12:34,400 --> 00:12:37,120 Speaker 3: in what they say they've saved, all of these contracts 256 00:12:37,160 --> 00:12:40,079 Speaker 3: that are listed basically have a maximum value, and that 257 00:12:40,200 --> 00:12:42,679 Speaker 3: doesn't mean that top line number is actually what's spent, 258 00:12:43,040 --> 00:12:45,360 Speaker 3: So that eight billion dollars is probably actually much less 259 00:12:45,360 --> 00:12:47,719 Speaker 3: after you go through a discount all of these contracts 260 00:12:47,960 --> 00:12:50,319 Speaker 3: across the board. Doe just quick to point out that, look, 261 00:12:50,360 --> 00:12:52,480 Speaker 3: this doesn't account for all of the the leases that 262 00:12:52,520 --> 00:12:55,040 Speaker 3: we've canceled, all the personnel that we have pulled from 263 00:12:55,040 --> 00:12:57,480 Speaker 3: the federal government roles. But even still, even if you 264 00:12:57,520 --> 00:12:59,880 Speaker 3: give a very generous estimate to all of those, were 265 00:13:00,040 --> 00:13:02,400 Speaker 3: still just talking a couple more billion dollars here and there. 266 00:13:02,559 --> 00:13:05,200 Speaker 3: This claim that Musk started with a two trillion dollar 267 00:13:05,440 --> 00:13:08,120 Speaker 3: goal of cutting two trillion dollars from the federal deficit. 268 00:13:08,320 --> 00:13:10,679 Speaker 3: He's now decreased that to one trillion. So the goalposts 269 00:13:10,679 --> 00:13:12,320 Speaker 3: really keep moving here, just week by week. 270 00:13:13,200 --> 00:13:16,400 Speaker 2: I guess you could say he's providing the open goal 271 00:13:16,640 --> 00:13:19,440 Speaker 2: by making all this transparent on the website, Given that 272 00:13:19,480 --> 00:13:20,960 Speaker 2: a lot of people seem to be quite happy to 273 00:13:20,960 --> 00:13:23,440 Speaker 2: take at face value that claims he's been making on x. 274 00:13:24,040 --> 00:13:26,640 Speaker 2: I guess they deserve some credit for the transparency of 275 00:13:26,679 --> 00:13:28,839 Speaker 2: the website, especially if it means we find all these 276 00:13:28,920 --> 00:13:30,800 Speaker 2: errors and we can constantly criticize them. 277 00:13:31,240 --> 00:13:34,040 Speaker 3: The other criticism, though, is that there's really not a 278 00:13:34,040 --> 00:13:36,560 Speaker 3: lot of transparency requirements for DOGE. It is not a 279 00:13:36,640 --> 00:13:39,719 Speaker 3: department as all the other Department of Homeland Security. It's 280 00:13:39,760 --> 00:13:43,120 Speaker 3: really just an office within the White House. Musk himself 281 00:13:43,120 --> 00:13:46,600 Speaker 3: doesn't have to disclose his finances publicly. They also don't 282 00:13:46,640 --> 00:13:48,839 Speaker 3: have the same sort of scrutiny from a watchdog or 283 00:13:48,840 --> 00:13:51,040 Speaker 3: an inspector general that would have the same sort of oversight. 284 00:13:51,080 --> 00:13:52,880 Speaker 3: They don't have to report who the people are. There's 285 00:13:52,920 --> 00:13:55,440 Speaker 3: questions of are these doze kids, as they've been called, 286 00:13:55,480 --> 00:13:57,520 Speaker 3: going to these different agencies, a lot of them very young. 287 00:13:57,679 --> 00:14:00,800 Speaker 3: Have they completed their ethics training, the t training. There's 288 00:14:00,840 --> 00:14:03,480 Speaker 3: been some cases we've reported on lapses there that have 289 00:14:03,559 --> 00:14:06,560 Speaker 3: cropped up. So they really aren't subject to the same 290 00:14:06,640 --> 00:14:08,920 Speaker 3: hiring practices and scrutiny as any other of the federal 291 00:14:08,960 --> 00:14:10,439 Speaker 3: workers that they're going in and auditing. 292 00:14:10,880 --> 00:14:12,760 Speaker 2: And to your point about the website, they don't seem 293 00:14:12,800 --> 00:14:15,319 Speaker 2: to have done a lot of basic arithmesy. This actually 294 00:14:15,400 --> 00:14:18,320 Speaker 2: takes us that the status of DOGE and the fact 295 00:14:18,360 --> 00:14:20,000 Speaker 2: that it's not subject to a lot of these things, 296 00:14:20,040 --> 00:14:24,800 Speaker 2: actually raises this much intriguing question of what happens to 297 00:14:25,040 --> 00:14:28,560 Speaker 2: DOGE efforts themselves in the case of a government shutdown, 298 00:14:28,880 --> 00:14:30,720 Speaker 2: And mean, I go back to you, Josh, what's your 299 00:14:31,040 --> 00:14:35,400 Speaker 2: sense would we consider the DOGE effort to now be 300 00:14:35,600 --> 00:14:37,480 Speaker 2: enough part of the federal government that all of its 301 00:14:37,480 --> 00:14:39,520 Speaker 2: people have to go home? Or would it the counter's 302 00:14:39,720 --> 00:14:43,400 Speaker 2: essential workers it's essential to be cutting the government even 303 00:14:43,440 --> 00:14:44,440 Speaker 2: as you shut it down. 304 00:14:44,800 --> 00:14:47,560 Speaker 1: Yeah, it's a great question. That's one that Democrats and 305 00:14:47,680 --> 00:14:50,880 Speaker 1: Republicans have started to ask themselves. I spent yesterday talking 306 00:14:50,920 --> 00:14:53,440 Speaker 1: to a couple of House and Senate staffers just asking 307 00:14:53,440 --> 00:14:56,120 Speaker 1: the basic question, would DOGE be allowed to continue operating 308 00:14:56,160 --> 00:14:59,000 Speaker 1: in a government shutdown? There isn't a clear answer, but 309 00:14:59,040 --> 00:15:01,880 Speaker 1: the general sense that I got was that staffers both 310 00:15:01,920 --> 00:15:04,240 Speaker 1: in the House and Senate think that it probably would 311 00:15:04,280 --> 00:15:06,720 Speaker 1: be because the president does have a lot of leeway 312 00:15:07,080 --> 00:15:10,760 Speaker 1: to declare certain workers essential to the government. And so, 313 00:15:10,800 --> 00:15:12,920 Speaker 1: as one Democratic House staffer put it to me, I 314 00:15:12,920 --> 00:15:16,080 Speaker 1: don't think DOGE would even pause, I did get an 315 00:15:16,120 --> 00:15:19,720 Speaker 1: interesting illustration of the way that presidents used this power 316 00:15:19,720 --> 00:15:22,000 Speaker 1: to manipulate public opinion. And I think it might come 317 00:15:22,040 --> 00:15:23,880 Speaker 1: into play with Trump and Doze if there is a 318 00:15:23,920 --> 00:15:27,960 Speaker 1: government shutdown. Back in twenty thirteen, when Barack Obama was president, 319 00:15:28,280 --> 00:15:31,680 Speaker 1: there was a shutdown and Obama shut the National Parks down, 320 00:15:31,760 --> 00:15:34,280 Speaker 1: and Republicans got very angry about that because they said, 321 00:15:34,360 --> 00:15:36,760 Speaker 1: Obama has the power to keep this open. He's doing 322 00:15:36,760 --> 00:15:40,520 Speaker 1: this for political purposes to get people mad at Republicans. 323 00:15:40,240 --> 00:15:43,880 Speaker 2: And he was compliance right, yeah, yeah, exactly. 324 00:15:43,960 --> 00:15:46,760 Speaker 1: But then during the twenty eighteen government shutdown when Trump 325 00:15:46,920 --> 00:15:49,880 Speaker 1: was president, Trump made a point of keeping a bunch 326 00:15:49,960 --> 00:15:53,160 Speaker 1: of stuff open, including the National Parks, in order to 327 00:15:53,280 --> 00:15:56,320 Speaker 1: underscore the argument that shutdowns aren't that bad and it 328 00:15:56,360 --> 00:15:59,480 Speaker 1: wasn't his fault when things got messed up during a shutdown. 329 00:15:59,800 --> 00:16:02,000 Speaker 1: Think if you flip that around and put it in 330 00:16:02,000 --> 00:16:05,760 Speaker 1: a Doze context, Trump, I don't see why Trump couldn't 331 00:16:05,880 --> 00:16:09,800 Speaker 1: argue that Doze are essential workers. They're actually helping to 332 00:16:09,960 --> 00:16:12,920 Speaker 1: balance the budget by continuing to kind of fire people 333 00:16:12,960 --> 00:16:14,680 Speaker 1: and do these things at Trump and Musk think is 334 00:16:14,720 --> 00:16:17,440 Speaker 1: so important. And I don't know what power Democrats would 335 00:16:17,480 --> 00:16:19,160 Speaker 1: have to stop them. So while we don't have a 336 00:16:19,200 --> 00:16:22,360 Speaker 1: clear and definitive answer yet, the assumption among people I 337 00:16:22,440 --> 00:16:24,280 Speaker 1: talked to on the Hill is that DOGE probably would 338 00:16:24,280 --> 00:16:26,080 Speaker 1: be able to continue operating in a shutdown. 339 00:16:26,640 --> 00:16:29,840 Speaker 3: There's a lot of thought also with the DOGE that 340 00:16:29,880 --> 00:16:32,560 Speaker 3: a shutdown would actually be very beneficial because they wouldn't 341 00:16:32,600 --> 00:16:34,840 Speaker 3: be encumbered by all of the career staff that would 342 00:16:34,840 --> 00:16:36,600 Speaker 3: be in the office. They've run into lots of issues 343 00:16:36,600 --> 00:16:38,840 Speaker 3: where they want to access a data set, they want 344 00:16:39,000 --> 00:16:42,520 Speaker 3: access to certain files, and the staff that's there says no. Suddenly, 345 00:16:42,560 --> 00:16:44,360 Speaker 3: if you remove all those people from the building for 346 00:16:44,360 --> 00:16:46,520 Speaker 3: an extended period of time, DOGE has a lot more 347 00:16:46,600 --> 00:16:48,880 Speaker 3: leeway to just run roughshot and grab what they want. 348 00:16:49,240 --> 00:16:52,040 Speaker 2: So you've raised the other sort of big question out 349 00:16:52,040 --> 00:16:54,920 Speaker 2: of all this. I started off asking where Republicans now 350 00:16:54,960 --> 00:16:58,480 Speaker 2: be less scared of a shutdown? Well, Democrats actually wonder 351 00:16:58,560 --> 00:17:01,920 Speaker 2: about really concerned about the federal government. Should they be 352 00:17:02,000 --> 00:17:03,280 Speaker 2: pretty concerned about shutdown? 353 00:17:03,320 --> 00:17:05,840 Speaker 1: If you guys are right, it's a good question. I 354 00:17:05,840 --> 00:17:09,280 Speaker 1: think everybody's trying to figure this out. The impression I 355 00:17:09,320 --> 00:17:12,000 Speaker 1: have in talking to Democrats is that they're just very 356 00:17:12,040 --> 00:17:14,600 Speaker 1: frustrated with the way all this is going, and so 357 00:17:14,840 --> 00:17:17,280 Speaker 1: I don't imagine that a lot of them are going 358 00:17:17,359 --> 00:17:20,560 Speaker 1: to be eager to just keep things rolling along. There's 359 00:17:20,600 --> 00:17:23,359 Speaker 1: certainly an appetite among at least some Democratic staffers that 360 00:17:23,440 --> 00:17:25,639 Speaker 1: I've talked to, that Trump just needs to get a 361 00:17:25,640 --> 00:17:27,840 Speaker 1: taste of his own medicine, and he wants to shut 362 00:17:27,840 --> 00:17:30,119 Speaker 1: the government down. Let's go ahead and do it, and 363 00:17:30,200 --> 00:17:32,919 Speaker 1: let him deal with all the political blowback that happens 364 00:17:32,960 --> 00:17:35,200 Speaker 1: as a result of that. But one other thing I 365 00:17:35,240 --> 00:17:37,720 Speaker 1: think is worth mentioning is, and this is a concern 366 00:17:37,760 --> 00:17:40,840 Speaker 1: among Democrats I spoke to, is that there is a 367 00:17:40,880 --> 00:17:44,240 Speaker 1: lot of fear of what could doje in musk do 368 00:17:44,520 --> 00:17:47,280 Speaker 1: during a shutdown if they were allowed to continue operating. 369 00:17:47,320 --> 00:17:51,640 Speaker 1: And one particular area of concern is the treasury payment system. 370 00:17:51,960 --> 00:17:55,159 Speaker 1: There's been talk in the past among Republicans that a 371 00:17:55,200 --> 00:17:57,280 Speaker 1: shutdown wouldn't be so bad because they could sort of 372 00:17:57,359 --> 00:17:59,800 Speaker 1: decide which bills to pay and which bills not to 373 00:17:59,800 --> 00:18:02,600 Speaker 1: pay and keep things rolling for a long time. So 374 00:18:02,640 --> 00:18:05,720 Speaker 1: you't government wouldn't default on treasury bonds, but it might 375 00:18:05,760 --> 00:18:08,320 Speaker 1: shut down other payments. That is something that a lot 376 00:18:08,359 --> 00:18:10,639 Speaker 1: of people view is very dangerous. To the market, to 377 00:18:10,680 --> 00:18:13,679 Speaker 1: global markets if there were a shutdown. We now know 378 00:18:13,760 --> 00:18:16,040 Speaker 1: that the dose folks do have access to a lot 379 00:18:16,040 --> 00:18:19,120 Speaker 1: of these payment systems. Nobody really knows what could happen, 380 00:18:19,200 --> 00:18:21,280 Speaker 1: what kind of mishift they could get up to, if 381 00:18:21,280 --> 00:18:23,400 Speaker 1: this kind of scenario were to unfold. 382 00:18:23,800 --> 00:18:25,480 Speaker 2: I guess we should say at this point it's got best. 383 00:18:26,000 --> 00:18:27,879 Speaker 2: We've interviewed a couple of times in Bloomberg in the 384 00:18:27,920 --> 00:18:31,000 Speaker 2: last couple of weeks. He comes from Wall Street. He's 385 00:18:31,040 --> 00:18:33,560 Speaker 2: been very clear that this is we're all getting ahead 386 00:18:33,560 --> 00:18:37,000 Speaker 2: of ourselves in worrying about specifically those functions and the 387 00:18:37,200 --> 00:18:39,600 Speaker 2: running of the treasury market. He thinks all of that 388 00:18:39,720 --> 00:18:43,120 Speaker 2: is hysterical. I think what you stated in terms of 389 00:18:43,160 --> 00:18:47,000 Speaker 2: the possible leavers they would have and the lack of 390 00:18:47,040 --> 00:18:49,120 Speaker 2: clarity we would have in the vent of a shutdown, 391 00:18:49,160 --> 00:18:51,199 Speaker 2: I think is all true. But we should say there 392 00:18:51,280 --> 00:18:55,119 Speaker 2: is supposedly someone who cares about these things sitting inside 393 00:18:55,280 --> 00:18:59,080 Speaker 2: fifteen hundred Pennsylvania Avenue that the Treasury Department. I guess 394 00:18:59,119 --> 00:19:04,720 Speaker 2: one last question is just goes back to this broader environment, 395 00:19:04,760 --> 00:19:08,480 Speaker 2: the rather febrile environment we have. If we have a shutdown, 396 00:19:09,119 --> 00:19:12,120 Speaker 2: rightly or wrongly, is it seem to be the sort 397 00:19:12,119 --> 00:19:16,640 Speaker 2: of defining battle between Congress and the executive This sort 398 00:19:16,640 --> 00:19:19,440 Speaker 2: of ongoing tussle we've had with President Trump over who 399 00:19:19,480 --> 00:19:22,679 Speaker 2: actually controls the power of the purse, who can control 400 00:19:22,720 --> 00:19:25,119 Speaker 2: whether to actually spend money or not. You were hinting 401 00:19:25,119 --> 00:19:27,159 Speaker 2: at it just now, Josh. Is this how it's going 402 00:19:27,200 --> 00:19:29,840 Speaker 2: to come to a head, perhaps even more than all 403 00:19:29,880 --> 00:19:32,360 Speaker 2: the court orders and all the cases that have gone out. 404 00:19:33,040 --> 00:19:34,919 Speaker 1: I really don't know. I mean, right now, there's not 405 00:19:35,200 --> 00:19:39,240 Speaker 1: a lot of contention between Trump Doge and House Republicans, 406 00:19:39,280 --> 00:19:44,440 Speaker 1: Trump's own cabinet secretaries. Republicans in Congress have basically been 407 00:19:44,480 --> 00:19:48,639 Speaker 1: willing to let Trump and Musk operate as they wish. 408 00:19:49,400 --> 00:19:52,520 Speaker 1: At some point, maybe that battle comes to a head 409 00:19:52,560 --> 00:19:56,720 Speaker 1: and it becomes more visible, more publicly contentious. I just 410 00:19:56,800 --> 00:19:58,280 Speaker 1: don't know the answer of the question yet. 411 00:19:58,440 --> 00:20:01,400 Speaker 3: I'd say we've just seen a glimmer of the sort 412 00:20:01,400 --> 00:20:05,280 Speaker 3: of fissures starting to form between Trump allies and Musk. 413 00:20:05,400 --> 00:20:07,679 Speaker 3: This really came to a head in this email that 414 00:20:07,720 --> 00:20:10,679 Speaker 3: went out over the weekend where Musk said, every federal worker, 415 00:20:10,880 --> 00:20:13,240 Speaker 3: send in five bullet points of what you've been doing 416 00:20:13,560 --> 00:20:16,000 Speaker 3: over the past week. This caused a lot of alarm, 417 00:20:16,359 --> 00:20:18,719 Speaker 3: ruined a lot of Cabinet secretary's weekends as they were 418 00:20:18,720 --> 00:20:21,199 Speaker 3: trying to figure out how to respond to this, and 419 00:20:21,240 --> 00:20:23,800 Speaker 3: a lot of agencies said ignore it, do not reply, 420 00:20:24,080 --> 00:20:28,080 Speaker 3: will handle this. Musk late last night got upset over 421 00:20:28,119 --> 00:20:31,000 Speaker 3: this and said, Okay, if you didn't reply this time, fine, 422 00:20:31,040 --> 00:20:32,760 Speaker 3: but we're going to send another email, and this time 423 00:20:32,840 --> 00:20:35,080 Speaker 3: you have to reply or else you'll be fired. This 424 00:20:35,160 --> 00:20:37,400 Speaker 3: runs in contrast of all of the guidance that both 425 00:20:37,400 --> 00:20:39,840 Speaker 3: agency heads have given, and these are Trump hand picked 426 00:20:39,840 --> 00:20:42,560 Speaker 3: people to run these places, as well as OPM with 427 00:20:42,600 --> 00:20:44,639 Speaker 3: the Office of Personnel Management or the HR for the 428 00:20:44,640 --> 00:20:48,280 Speaker 3: federal government. So we're starting to see this power struggle forming. 429 00:20:48,359 --> 00:20:51,040 Speaker 3: We'll see where we are. The shutdown is, if it happens, 430 00:20:51,080 --> 00:20:54,080 Speaker 3: is about fifteen days away. A lot can happen between 431 00:20:54,160 --> 00:20:54,600 Speaker 3: now and then. 432 00:20:55,320 --> 00:20:58,560 Speaker 2: Yeah, we talk about the battle between different arms of government, 433 00:20:58,600 --> 00:21:03,280 Speaker 2: Congress and the White House, but if it's between Elon 434 00:21:03,400 --> 00:21:06,320 Speaker 2: Musk and everyone else, that's what seems to be coming 435 00:21:06,320 --> 00:21:08,520 Speaker 2: down to Laura occurs to me, you're not even I 436 00:21:08,560 --> 00:21:10,240 Speaker 2: think when you're on shutdown, you're not even allowed to 437 00:21:10,280 --> 00:21:12,119 Speaker 2: check your emails. So I guess he is if he 438 00:21:12,160 --> 00:21:14,840 Speaker 2: does get if we do get shut down, Elon Musk 439 00:21:14,920 --> 00:21:15,959 Speaker 2: is not going to be able to send a lot 440 00:21:16,000 --> 00:21:18,359 Speaker 2: more emails to federal workers that they're supposed to reply 441 00:21:18,480 --> 00:21:19,879 Speaker 2: to within a day or whatever. 442 00:21:20,560 --> 00:21:23,520 Speaker 3: That would be a key point that would harm his 443 00:21:23,560 --> 00:21:26,080 Speaker 3: strategy here of they would say, look, couldn't respond because 444 00:21:26,240 --> 00:21:26,879 Speaker 3: you didn't let me. 445 00:21:27,400 --> 00:21:30,359 Speaker 2: All right, well, Josh Green and Laura Davison, thank you 446 00:21:30,480 --> 00:21:32,480 Speaker 2: very much. That was a great Thank you, Thanks so much, 447 00:21:38,560 --> 00:21:41,840 Speaker 2: thanks for listening to this episode of trump Andomics from Bloomberg. 448 00:21:41,920 --> 00:21:43,920 Speaker 2: It was hosted by me Stephanie Flanders, and I was 449 00:21:44,000 --> 00:21:47,560 Speaker 2: joined by Laura Davison and Josh Green. Trump Andomics is 450 00:21:47,560 --> 00:21:51,040 Speaker 2: produced by Samasadi and Moses and Dam with sound design 451 00:21:51,200 --> 00:21:55,600 Speaker 2: by Blake Maples. Brendan Francis Newnan is our executive producer 452 00:21:56,200 --> 00:21:59,400 Speaker 2: and please do rate and review us wherever you listen 453 00:21:59,480 --> 00:22:10,560 Speaker 2: to podcasts, so a lot more people can listening. Turning