1 00:00:15,316 --> 00:00:32,276 Speaker 1: Pushkin. It's the coldest of cold cases. A murder of 2 00:00:32,276 --> 00:00:35,476 Speaker 1: the most brutal kind was committed in the neighborhood of 3 00:00:35,476 --> 00:00:38,836 Speaker 1: Whitechapel in the early hours. But by whom and with 4 00:00:38,916 --> 00:00:43,556 Speaker 1: what motive is at present a complete mystery. In the 5 00:00:43,596 --> 00:00:47,876 Speaker 1: fall of eighteen eighty eight, woman after woman after woman 6 00:00:48,236 --> 00:00:52,436 Speaker 1: was murdered in the dark backstreets of poverty stricken East London. 7 00:00:53,036 --> 00:00:57,036 Speaker 1: This poor creature was taken into the yard and butchered. 8 00:00:57,516 --> 00:01:00,556 Speaker 1: Are nearly finded away at what I saw. The killer 9 00:01:00,636 --> 00:01:05,676 Speaker 1: struck and then disappeared, leaving the police baffled. All that 10 00:01:05,796 --> 00:01:09,836 Speaker 1: was certain was the awful severity of the wounds inflicted 11 00:01:09,836 --> 00:01:13,956 Speaker 1: on the women. The poor woman's throat was cut, the 12 00:01:14,076 --> 00:01:17,436 Speaker 1: inside of her body was lying beside her. She was 13 00:01:17,556 --> 00:01:23,636 Speaker 1: quite ripped open. The murders were so violent that the 14 00:01:23,756 --> 00:01:29,196 Speaker 1: killer earned a nickname known the world over, armed down 15 00:01:29,236 --> 00:01:33,636 Speaker 1: on halls and are shap Quinn ripping them. Even today, 16 00:01:34,076 --> 00:01:37,276 Speaker 1: his name ranks among the cruelest and most notorious of 17 00:01:37,396 --> 00:01:49,556 Speaker 1: serial killers, Jack the Ripper. This podcast isn't about Jack 18 00:01:49,636 --> 00:01:52,796 Speaker 1: the Ripper, at least, it's not about the Jack the 19 00:01:52,876 --> 00:01:57,356 Speaker 1: ripboat you've heard of. I can pretty much guarantee that 20 00:01:57,516 --> 00:02:00,676 Speaker 1: up until now, everything you've been told about The Ripper, 21 00:02:01,076 --> 00:02:06,916 Speaker 1: that original serial killer, that knife wielding victorian bogeyman is wrong. 22 00:02:07,756 --> 00:02:10,916 Speaker 1: But don't feel bad about that. I too was none 23 00:02:10,956 --> 00:02:13,436 Speaker 1: the wiser when I started researching a book about the 24 00:02:13,476 --> 00:02:18,556 Speaker 1: events in Whitechapel in eighteen eighty eight. My name is 25 00:02:18,596 --> 00:02:22,676 Speaker 1: Hallie Rubinholt and I'm a historian. More specifically, I'm a 26 00:02:22,716 --> 00:02:27,236 Speaker 1: historian of prostitution. In the seventeen and eighteen hundreds, I'd 27 00:02:27,316 --> 00:02:29,716 Speaker 1: enjoyed some success with a book on the sex trade 28 00:02:29,716 --> 00:02:32,356 Speaker 1: and Brothels of George in London. It got picked up 29 00:02:32,356 --> 00:02:35,596 Speaker 1: and made into a TV series called Harlots. So I 30 00:02:35,676 --> 00:02:39,276 Speaker 1: was casting around for a promising follow up project. And 31 00:02:39,396 --> 00:02:42,156 Speaker 1: who were the most infamous prostitutes in all of history? 32 00:02:42,836 --> 00:02:45,476 Speaker 1: The victims of Jack the Ripper? Of course, can you 33 00:02:45,556 --> 00:02:48,236 Speaker 1: tell me one fact that you know about Jack the Ripper? 34 00:02:48,556 --> 00:02:51,236 Speaker 1: They never got caught. Oh God, he's rumored to be 35 00:02:51,316 --> 00:02:52,956 Speaker 1: a butcher? Was I think he was like quite good 36 00:02:52,996 --> 00:02:57,436 Speaker 1: at killing people? And who did he kill? Prostitutes? He 37 00:02:57,596 --> 00:03:02,956 Speaker 1: killed prostitutes. Before I began my research, no author had 38 00:03:02,996 --> 00:03:05,916 Speaker 1: attempted to really build out the worlds of these women 39 00:03:06,316 --> 00:03:09,876 Speaker 1: to fully put their lives into context. The last movements 40 00:03:09,876 --> 00:03:13,116 Speaker 1: on the days they were killed had been painstakingly researched 41 00:03:13,116 --> 00:03:16,236 Speaker 1: and rehearsed. But what about the other days and years 42 00:03:16,236 --> 00:03:19,796 Speaker 1: of their lives? Who were they and how did they 43 00:03:19,796 --> 00:03:23,036 Speaker 1: cross paths with a killer? Hello? Love? Yeah, you don't 44 00:03:23,036 --> 00:03:25,676 Speaker 1: like a sport. As I browsed the books and films 45 00:03:25,676 --> 00:03:28,996 Speaker 1: out there, I noticed that wherever the Ripper's five victims 46 00:03:29,076 --> 00:03:34,676 Speaker 1: were mentioned, they were usually characterized as society's waste. Yeah 47 00:03:34,836 --> 00:03:39,876 Speaker 1: so bad, I writ led as filthy, ruined, pitiful, drink 48 00:03:39,956 --> 00:03:43,636 Speaker 1: sodden whores. You don't fasible pain of Dulia. I'm cutting 49 00:03:43,676 --> 00:03:48,356 Speaker 1: the price tonight. Polly Annie, Elizabeth Kate, and Mary Jane 50 00:03:48,716 --> 00:03:52,796 Speaker 1: were so reduced, so simplified, that they were little more 51 00:03:52,836 --> 00:03:55,556 Speaker 1: than cartoon characters. You can have it for not believe 52 00:03:55,596 --> 00:03:59,716 Speaker 1: you want to. I began excavating their lives from start 53 00:04:00,156 --> 00:04:07,556 Speaker 1: to finish, and what I found out amazed me. So 54 00:04:07,716 --> 00:04:11,396 Speaker 1: what is the original story the cartoon version of a 55 00:04:11,556 --> 00:04:15,116 Speaker 1: very real and very awful murders? Brie? Well, it goes 56 00:04:15,236 --> 00:04:21,076 Speaker 1: something like this. It's August eighteen eighty eight in the 57 00:04:21,276 --> 00:04:26,116 Speaker 1: vile slums of London's East End. This is a bleak 58 00:04:26,196 --> 00:04:30,196 Speaker 1: and squalid warren. Criss crossing thoroughfares are smothered by thick, 59 00:04:30,476 --> 00:04:35,636 Speaker 1: noxious fog, and the streets swarm with prostitutes, thieves, and drunks. 60 00:04:39,916 --> 00:04:44,796 Speaker 1: Life here is an endless grind of illness, crime and poverty. 61 00:04:46,396 --> 00:04:51,156 Speaker 1: It's nighttime and prostitute Polly Nichols is out soliciting. She's 62 00:04:51,196 --> 00:04:53,796 Speaker 1: been drinking and she just needs one more client to 63 00:04:53,836 --> 00:04:58,356 Speaker 1: pay for her bed. That night, a gentleman approaches Crown. 64 00:04:58,516 --> 00:05:01,596 Speaker 1: He's wearing a hat and a cape, a doctor perhaps. 65 00:05:02,796 --> 00:05:05,916 Speaker 1: Polly takes him to a quiet side street, which is 66 00:05:05,956 --> 00:05:10,716 Speaker 1: where he attacks her over and he stabs him, and 67 00:05:10,876 --> 00:05:16,756 Speaker 1: he cuts her throat, then he vanishes into the night. 68 00:05:18,476 --> 00:05:22,276 Speaker 1: Over the coming months, four more prostitutes are murdered by 69 00:05:22,356 --> 00:05:26,716 Speaker 1: the diabolical Whitechapel fiend. Annie Chapman is found with her 70 00:05:26,756 --> 00:05:29,796 Speaker 1: throat cut, her uterus and part of her bladder excised. 71 00:05:30,596 --> 00:05:33,636 Speaker 1: Elizabeth Stride and Kate Edo's are murdered on the same night. 72 00:05:34,516 --> 00:05:37,436 Speaker 1: The ripper carves out and steals away Kate's left kidney 73 00:05:37,516 --> 00:05:41,436 Speaker 1: and part of her womb. Finally, in November, he claims 74 00:05:41,476 --> 00:05:44,716 Speaker 1: the life of pretty Mary Jane Kelly. The youngest of 75 00:05:44,796 --> 00:05:49,196 Speaker 1: the victims, and he evisceerates her. What remains of Mary 76 00:05:49,316 --> 00:05:54,836 Speaker 1: Jane is unrecognizable. The city is paralyzed by fear and 77 00:05:54,956 --> 00:05:59,396 Speaker 1: the police are baffled. Suspects are pursued and then dropped. 78 00:06:00,036 --> 00:06:02,476 Speaker 1: A taunting letter of confession is sent to the press. 79 00:06:02,876 --> 00:06:06,676 Speaker 1: The author revels in the crimes, promises more, and signs 80 00:06:06,716 --> 00:06:11,596 Speaker 1: off as Jack the Ripper. The name sticks and a 81 00:06:11,876 --> 00:06:21,276 Speaker 1: terrible legend is born. So much has been written about 82 00:06:21,316 --> 00:06:23,836 Speaker 1: Jack the Ripper and who he might have been. There 83 00:06:23,876 --> 00:06:27,196 Speaker 1: are endless books about his crimes. I assume that there 84 00:06:27,236 --> 00:06:31,036 Speaker 1: would be an agreed narrative running through that catalog, some 85 00:06:31,356 --> 00:06:37,836 Speaker 1: undisputed hard evidence, like an archeologist I dug and I dug. 86 00:06:38,396 --> 00:06:41,916 Speaker 1: But instead of a sturdy bedrock of written records, I 87 00:06:42,076 --> 00:06:45,836 Speaker 1: just met with more sand. Police and court records were 88 00:06:45,956 --> 00:06:49,756 Speaker 1: lost or incomplete. The case records that did exist contain 89 00:06:49,876 --> 00:06:52,356 Speaker 1: things that just didn't add up, and the rest of 90 00:06:52,396 --> 00:06:55,356 Speaker 1: the story was filled in with reports taken from newspapers 91 00:06:55,436 --> 00:06:59,756 Speaker 1: which took certain liberties with the truth. To put it mildly, so, 92 00:07:00,036 --> 00:07:02,836 Speaker 1: the famous Jack the Ripper story that you just heard 93 00:07:02,996 --> 00:07:07,236 Speaker 1: is built on nothing. It's propped up by hearsay and 94 00:07:07,396 --> 00:07:10,716 Speaker 1: by the work of true crime enthusiasts and amateur sleuths 95 00:07:10,916 --> 00:07:14,516 Speaker 1: who all think they'll crack the case. It's true that 96 00:07:14,836 --> 00:07:18,596 Speaker 1: Jack was never caught, but fantastical theories about his identity 97 00:07:18,756 --> 00:07:22,196 Speaker 1: have flourished. Perhaps he was a barber, Maybe he was 98 00:07:22,196 --> 00:07:26,316 Speaker 1: an abortionist or a surgeon. Perhaps he wasn't Jack at all, 99 00:07:26,796 --> 00:07:30,996 Speaker 1: but Jill. At one point, Queen Victoria was even implicated. 100 00:07:31,756 --> 00:07:35,516 Speaker 1: I realized that for generations we've been passing down pure myth, 101 00:07:36,116 --> 00:07:41,796 Speaker 1: and someone needed to set the record straight. While I 102 00:07:41,836 --> 00:07:44,316 Speaker 1: couldn't trust much of what had been written about their killer, 103 00:07:44,916 --> 00:07:47,716 Speaker 1: I did manage to uncover a wealth of material about 104 00:07:47,716 --> 00:07:51,476 Speaker 1: the women themselves, and they weren't at all what I 105 00:07:51,636 --> 00:07:56,556 Speaker 1: was expecting. Each woman was at one time what Victorian 106 00:07:56,676 --> 00:08:00,916 Speaker 1: society would have regarded as respectable. Almost all of them 107 00:08:00,996 --> 00:08:03,756 Speaker 1: had been married, All but one of them would mothers. 108 00:08:04,436 --> 00:08:08,476 Speaker 1: None of them came from London's notorious East End. Each 109 00:08:08,516 --> 00:08:12,836 Speaker 1: woman's life was extraordinary and unique. They began life as 110 00:08:12,916 --> 00:08:17,756 Speaker 1: the daughters and wives of carpenters, gentlemen's valets, coachmen, and soldiers. 111 00:08:18,476 --> 00:08:22,036 Speaker 1: They glimpsed Queen Victoria and were neighbors of Charles Dickens. 112 00:08:22,796 --> 00:08:28,356 Speaker 1: They were talented, rebellious, brave, and kind hearted. Their individual 113 00:08:28,476 --> 00:08:32,316 Speaker 1: journeys threw up all kinds of intriguing questions. But to me, 114 00:08:33,036 --> 00:08:35,836 Speaker 1: there was also a larger mystery to be solved here. 115 00:08:36,716 --> 00:08:40,036 Speaker 1: How did these mothers, wives and daughters end up as beggars, 116 00:08:40,116 --> 00:08:45,676 Speaker 1: street walkers, addicts, and eventually as murder victims. What was 117 00:08:45,756 --> 00:08:49,476 Speaker 1: to blame for their fates? That's why this series is 118 00:08:49,556 --> 00:08:54,996 Speaker 1: called bad Women. The Ripper retold. I strongly disagreed that 119 00:08:55,116 --> 00:08:58,196 Speaker 1: they were bad women. It wasn't their fault that they 120 00:08:58,356 --> 00:09:01,636 Speaker 1: ended up poor and vulnerable in Whitechapel, or that they 121 00:09:01,676 --> 00:09:04,836 Speaker 1: were targeted by a serial killer. And the more I 122 00:09:05,036 --> 00:09:08,796 Speaker 1: learned about what really led to their deaths, the angrier 123 00:09:09,116 --> 00:09:32,156 Speaker 1: I got. But more of that when we return The 124 00:09:32,236 --> 00:09:34,396 Speaker 1: White Trouble murders might have taken place more than one 125 00:09:34,476 --> 00:09:37,436 Speaker 1: hundred and thirty years ago, but how we think about 126 00:09:37,476 --> 00:09:41,516 Speaker 1: them still matters. Getting this story wrong is hurting people 127 00:09:42,116 --> 00:09:46,636 Speaker 1: even today. We'll start recording Grace. First of all, I 128 00:09:46,676 --> 00:09:49,116 Speaker 1: want to say, it's just so I'm so pleased that 129 00:09:49,756 --> 00:09:53,396 Speaker 1: I've got you. Thank you for envirotingment. Oh, it's absolute pleasure. 130 00:09:54,916 --> 00:09:58,316 Speaker 1: Oh the SNS at the door. This is Grace. Oh God, 131 00:09:58,756 --> 00:10:00,636 Speaker 1: hang on, somebody's at the door. Do you want to go? 132 00:10:00,876 --> 00:10:02,796 Speaker 1: Go get the door. Don't worry. She's a graduate and 133 00:10:02,956 --> 00:10:06,716 Speaker 1: works for a charity. She loves dogs. She's also a 134 00:10:06,796 --> 00:10:08,956 Speaker 1: sex worker. Now I think it's next door. Don't worry. 135 00:10:08,956 --> 00:10:12,636 Speaker 1: Abou sure. Sorry. We've been messaging each other on social 136 00:10:12,716 --> 00:10:15,036 Speaker 1: media since she read The five, my book about the 137 00:10:15,116 --> 00:10:17,956 Speaker 1: murdered women. Another sex worker recommended the book and I 138 00:10:18,116 --> 00:10:20,836 Speaker 1: was like, well, I don't know anything about Jack the Riffer. 139 00:10:21,036 --> 00:10:23,076 Speaker 1: I remember learning about it when I was at school 140 00:10:23,076 --> 00:10:26,396 Speaker 1: and it was always the old archaic. Oh, these prostitutes 141 00:10:26,436 --> 00:10:28,836 Speaker 1: were murdered, and that's all I knew. I didn't really 142 00:10:28,876 --> 00:10:31,196 Speaker 1: know anything else, so I thought, well, I probably shouldn't 143 00:10:31,196 --> 00:10:34,276 Speaker 1: know because I'm a sex worker. It was quite eye opening, 144 00:10:34,316 --> 00:10:38,156 Speaker 1: but also disheartening. As Grace worked her way through my research, 145 00:10:38,436 --> 00:10:40,756 Speaker 1: she was struck by the lack of sympathy. The dead 146 00:10:40,796 --> 00:10:43,396 Speaker 1: women were shown. These women sort of deserved it or 147 00:10:43,476 --> 00:10:45,676 Speaker 1: did they expect to happen? You know, they were poor, 148 00:10:46,156 --> 00:10:49,396 Speaker 1: they were prostitutes. But I'm still really shocked by these attitudes. 149 00:10:49,436 --> 00:10:53,476 Speaker 1: And I just thought, well, nothing exchanged, nothing has changed. 150 00:10:54,356 --> 00:10:57,636 Speaker 1: Up until today, the idea that Jack was killing disreputable 151 00:10:57,676 --> 00:10:59,956 Speaker 1: women has made it easier for us to make light 152 00:11:00,076 --> 00:11:02,756 Speaker 1: of his violence and even to treat his murders as 153 00:11:02,796 --> 00:11:06,276 Speaker 1: a source of entertainment, which in turn makes us more 154 00:11:06,356 --> 00:11:09,716 Speaker 1: callous when women like Grace experienced violence. Today, if you 155 00:11:09,876 --> 00:11:13,796 Speaker 1: continue to dehumanize the woman, and you'd continue to put 156 00:11:13,876 --> 00:11:17,476 Speaker 1: them down as the prostitute, it's almost seen as acceptable 157 00:11:17,556 --> 00:11:21,396 Speaker 1: to do this because it's perfectly fine. The killer sex worker. Oh, 158 00:11:21,476 --> 00:11:24,116 Speaker 1: who cares, you know, let's just glorify the murderer, because 159 00:11:24,196 --> 00:11:26,396 Speaker 1: actually just sex worker, and it's all part of history, 160 00:11:27,236 --> 00:11:30,716 Speaker 1: it isn't. These things persist and you're basically victim blaming 161 00:11:30,836 --> 00:11:32,796 Speaker 1: us and saying it's our fault, when actually it's the 162 00:11:32,836 --> 00:11:37,236 Speaker 1: opposite way around. Men are violent in society, but they 163 00:11:37,356 --> 00:11:40,076 Speaker 1: choose sex workers because we are the most vulnerable, We 164 00:11:40,116 --> 00:11:42,716 Speaker 1: are the most visible, and people feel they can get 165 00:11:42,756 --> 00:11:45,756 Speaker 1: away with it, so they do it. We've never really 166 00:11:45,836 --> 00:11:48,196 Speaker 1: faced up to this part of the Jack the Ripper myth. 167 00:11:48,596 --> 00:11:52,196 Speaker 1: By being so uninterested in their lives, by feeling even 168 00:11:52,236 --> 00:11:55,676 Speaker 1: to double check the details, we push the murdered women 169 00:11:55,876 --> 00:12:00,996 Speaker 1: into the background, and given the killer center stage. Jack 170 00:12:01,036 --> 00:12:03,236 Speaker 1: the Ripper has never left us. Jack the Ripper has 171 00:12:03,316 --> 00:12:06,836 Speaker 1: seeped into our culture, and we don't really seem to 172 00:12:06,916 --> 00:12:09,916 Speaker 1: want to get rid of him. That's right, joined historian 173 00:12:09,996 --> 00:12:13,836 Speaker 1: Matthew Sweet. He also worries that we've sanitized these ghastly 174 00:12:13,956 --> 00:12:17,956 Speaker 1: murders and cozied up to the killer. Jack himself is 175 00:12:18,156 --> 00:12:22,676 Speaker 1: jolly Jack. He's a kind of ghost that we've made 176 00:12:22,916 --> 00:12:26,236 Speaker 1: sort of friends with. He's a party entertainer. He'll come 177 00:12:26,276 --> 00:12:28,596 Speaker 1: on and he'll give us a bit of a thrill. Somehow, 178 00:12:28,636 --> 00:12:31,516 Speaker 1: it's fine for children to consume stories about him. He's 179 00:12:31,556 --> 00:12:34,076 Speaker 1: a sort of bogey man. And I think that this 180 00:12:34,476 --> 00:12:37,836 Speaker 1: could only have happened because we have absolutely no idea 181 00:12:38,116 --> 00:12:42,036 Speaker 1: who he was, and so into that vacuum spills our 182 00:12:42,156 --> 00:12:47,196 Speaker 1: fears and our fantasies and our perverse pleasures too. But 183 00:12:47,356 --> 00:12:50,276 Speaker 1: somehow it's all totally acceptable because it's a parlor game. 184 00:12:50,836 --> 00:12:53,796 Speaker 1: Jack the Ripper has become the oddest of things, a 185 00:12:53,996 --> 00:12:57,956 Speaker 1: socially acceptable serial killer. And the more you know about 186 00:12:57,996 --> 00:13:04,996 Speaker 1: his victims, the more that seems really wrong. Fine, Jack 187 00:13:05,116 --> 00:13:08,956 Speaker 1: River a commemorative con and Zacano classes Thank you, rush 188 00:13:09,356 --> 00:13:13,516 Speaker 1: Oh Chapter for Teddy Bear. Even though no one really 189 00:13:13,556 --> 00:13:16,316 Speaker 1: knows what he looked like. You can buy Jack the 190 00:13:16,396 --> 00:13:19,716 Speaker 1: Ripper Halloween costumes, and he's printed on all manner of 191 00:13:19,876 --> 00:13:24,156 Speaker 1: merchandise too, from mugs to coloring books and T shirts. 192 00:13:24,596 --> 00:13:28,556 Speaker 1: How much is the T shirt? Okay, right, it's all 193 00:13:28,556 --> 00:13:31,196 Speaker 1: I can dream quite clear. If you haven't seen it, 194 00:13:31,236 --> 00:13:32,956 Speaker 1: it really is the worst, big trush on the tour. 195 00:13:33,036 --> 00:13:36,236 Speaker 1: Every now and again the tour is still happily flock 196 00:13:36,356 --> 00:13:38,476 Speaker 1: from all over the world to visit the sights of 197 00:13:38,556 --> 00:13:42,276 Speaker 1: the murders. That's Mary Kelly. He's gotten off face the killer. 198 00:13:42,596 --> 00:13:45,636 Speaker 1: I went under cover to join one guided tour and 199 00:13:45,916 --> 00:13:48,876 Speaker 1: stand at the spots where each of the women bled 200 00:13:48,996 --> 00:13:53,076 Speaker 1: to death. That is five was as bad as I 201 00:13:53,196 --> 00:13:56,916 Speaker 1: feared it would be. Blackling in between our At the 202 00:13:57,036 --> 00:13:59,596 Speaker 1: end of the tour, after more than an hour of 203 00:13:59,836 --> 00:14:03,876 Speaker 1: gleefully describing the women's wounds, the guide even tried to 204 00:14:03,956 --> 00:14:07,076 Speaker 1: sell me a book. It detailed his own theory of 205 00:14:07,116 --> 00:14:09,556 Speaker 1: who the killer was and how he evaded the tection. 206 00:14:10,676 --> 00:14:15,756 Speaker 1: I politely declined. I currently have over a hundred books 207 00:14:15,796 --> 00:14:18,916 Speaker 1: about Jack the Ripper. Rebecca Frost is an expert on 208 00:14:19,036 --> 00:14:22,516 Speaker 1: true crime literature and specifically on how we talk and 209 00:14:22,596 --> 00:14:25,676 Speaker 1: write about Jack the Ripper. In most of these books, 210 00:14:25,876 --> 00:14:28,396 Speaker 1: people are upset that he was never caught. They are 211 00:14:28,476 --> 00:14:31,716 Speaker 1: not upset that women were murdered. People want to know 212 00:14:32,116 --> 00:14:34,756 Speaker 1: the killer. They want to understand the killer. They want 213 00:14:34,796 --> 00:14:36,836 Speaker 1: to know what drove him to it, and people are 214 00:14:36,916 --> 00:14:39,316 Speaker 1: really fascinated by the fact that he got away with it. 215 00:14:39,676 --> 00:14:42,796 Speaker 1: Nobody's concerned about the women. That's the problem in the 216 00:14:42,956 --> 00:14:46,476 Speaker 1: great game of unmasking the murderer. The victims only add 217 00:14:46,596 --> 00:14:48,716 Speaker 1: to what we know about Jack. They are bits of 218 00:14:48,796 --> 00:14:52,236 Speaker 1: evidence that might flesh out his identity. It's that half 219 00:14:52,236 --> 00:14:54,636 Speaker 1: an hour contact between them and the killer that makes 220 00:14:54,676 --> 00:14:58,436 Speaker 1: them interesting. They're intertwined with this person who used them 221 00:14:58,556 --> 00:15:00,916 Speaker 1: for his own devices and his own pleasure in his 222 00:15:01,036 --> 00:15:03,916 Speaker 1: own way. They had no say in this whatsoever. And 223 00:15:04,116 --> 00:15:06,236 Speaker 1: that is how you're known for the rest of eternity. 224 00:15:06,796 --> 00:15:10,556 Speaker 1: With advances in forensic technology, interest has been rekindled in 225 00:15:10,596 --> 00:15:14,796 Speaker 1: the women as handy sources of DNA to help identify Jack. 226 00:15:15,396 --> 00:15:17,836 Speaker 1: I'll tell you about a bizarre and upsetting plan to 227 00:15:17,956 --> 00:15:20,836 Speaker 1: dig up their corpses another time, but I quickly want 228 00:15:20,836 --> 00:15:24,076 Speaker 1: to mythbust one of the sillier scientific stunts you might 229 00:15:24,116 --> 00:15:27,596 Speaker 1: have seen. If you've watched any TV show about the 230 00:15:27,636 --> 00:15:30,836 Speaker 1: White Chapel murders, you're bound to have noticed people in 231 00:15:30,996 --> 00:15:34,836 Speaker 1: white lab coats and latex gloves taking swab samples from 232 00:15:34,876 --> 00:15:38,676 Speaker 1: a beautiful, dark Paisley shawl. This crops up in nearly 233 00:15:38,796 --> 00:15:42,916 Speaker 1: every documentary. Scientists at King's College, London are analyzing the 234 00:15:43,036 --> 00:15:46,076 Speaker 1: material on the chance that the killer's DNA may have 235 00:15:46,196 --> 00:15:50,596 Speaker 1: transferred to the shawl and survived. This time, it's a 236 00:15:50,716 --> 00:15:54,556 Speaker 1: show called American Ripper and Jeff mudget is having his 237 00:15:54,716 --> 00:15:58,476 Speaker 1: DNA compared to samples from the shawl. Waiting for these 238 00:15:58,556 --> 00:16:01,956 Speaker 1: results has been really nerve racking, because if the killer's 239 00:16:02,036 --> 00:16:04,636 Speaker 1: DNA remained on the victim's shawl from the night of 240 00:16:04,676 --> 00:16:07,476 Speaker 1: her murder, this is the evidence that could prove once 241 00:16:07,556 --> 00:16:10,956 Speaker 1: and for all that my aunt's sister h Holps was 242 00:16:11,076 --> 00:16:14,796 Speaker 1: Jack the Ripper. The shawl was supposedly found by a 243 00:16:14,916 --> 00:16:18,036 Speaker 1: policeman near the body of one of the Ripper's last victims. 244 00:16:18,676 --> 00:16:22,716 Speaker 1: The murder of Catherine or Kate Edo's was particularly vicious, 245 00:16:22,996 --> 00:16:25,356 Speaker 1: and the fabric is said to be covered in her blood. 246 00:16:26,076 --> 00:16:28,796 Speaker 1: The police officer kept the shawl as a souvenir, and 247 00:16:28,916 --> 00:16:31,956 Speaker 1: it's been handed down through the generations of his family. 248 00:16:33,156 --> 00:16:36,236 Speaker 1: This could well be the only piece of physical evidence 249 00:16:36,356 --> 00:16:39,756 Speaker 1: left that contains the DNA of both a victim and 250 00:16:40,036 --> 00:16:45,036 Speaker 1: the nameless Ripper. It's said that scientific analysis has already 251 00:16:45,116 --> 00:16:49,236 Speaker 1: pointed to a suspect, a Whitechapel barber, at long last, 252 00:16:49,556 --> 00:16:54,436 Speaker 1: solving the mystery. Where do I start? There's all sorts 253 00:16:54,476 --> 00:16:57,396 Speaker 1: of issues with this. My friend Professor Tory King as 254 00:16:57,436 --> 00:17:02,036 Speaker 1: a leading expert on genetics. She's successfully identified human remains 255 00:17:02,156 --> 00:17:06,596 Speaker 1: dating back centuries and centuries, and she's less than impressed 256 00:17:06,636 --> 00:17:10,316 Speaker 1: with the shawl. Things to consider, even just at the outset, 257 00:17:10,596 --> 00:17:14,316 Speaker 1: I think, is the provenance of this shall. Is it 258 00:17:14,676 --> 00:17:19,396 Speaker 1: even anything to do with Katherine Edo's or Jack the Ripper, 259 00:17:19,556 --> 00:17:23,596 Speaker 1: or any of those cases. I can't find any documents 260 00:17:23,636 --> 00:17:27,276 Speaker 1: saying Katherine was found with a shawl, particularly not one 261 00:17:27,436 --> 00:17:30,596 Speaker 1: is fine and delicate as the one in question. Did 262 00:17:30,636 --> 00:17:34,276 Speaker 1: the killer drop it unlikely, and the policeman said to 263 00:17:34,356 --> 00:17:37,036 Speaker 1: have taken it wasn't even part of the unit investigating 264 00:17:37,156 --> 00:17:41,676 Speaker 1: Katherine's death. The next thing to think about is contamination. 265 00:17:42,116 --> 00:17:47,156 Speaker 1: Because this has been in the family for many, many generations, 266 00:17:47,236 --> 00:17:50,556 Speaker 1: It's going to have been handled by numerous people. A 267 00:17:50,716 --> 00:17:54,636 Speaker 1: family heirloom, unfolded and taken out to show friends and 268 00:17:54,836 --> 00:17:59,636 Speaker 1: relatives and curious journalists and excited TV producers over and 269 00:17:59,836 --> 00:18:04,756 Speaker 1: over and over again. Isn't exactly a forensic scientist dream 270 00:18:04,996 --> 00:18:09,556 Speaker 1: fine and the DNA supposedly linking Katherine the all in 271 00:18:09,636 --> 00:18:13,196 Speaker 1: the murderous barber. It was reported that the sample contained 272 00:18:13,196 --> 00:18:16,316 Speaker 1: a mutation shared by the suspect and passed down to 273 00:18:16,436 --> 00:18:22,276 Speaker 1: his descendants that was unbelievably rare, so case closed. Then 274 00:18:22,676 --> 00:18:25,516 Speaker 1: the barber did it and left traces of his mitochondrial 275 00:18:25,636 --> 00:18:30,116 Speaker 1: DNA mutation three one four dot one C, an identifying 276 00:18:30,236 --> 00:18:35,436 Speaker 1: mark almost as unique as a fingerprint. It's not. It's 277 00:18:35,516 --> 00:18:38,436 Speaker 1: three one five dot one C, which is very, very 278 00:18:38,676 --> 00:18:42,516 Speaker 1: very common in the population, something like over ninety percent 279 00:18:42,676 --> 00:18:45,716 Speaker 1: in Europe. It's very very common. The shoal is just 280 00:18:46,036 --> 00:18:49,556 Speaker 1: one blind alley in this case. There are many others 281 00:18:49,636 --> 00:18:52,316 Speaker 1: I'll share with you in this series, but I've told 282 00:18:52,356 --> 00:18:54,676 Speaker 1: you about this one because I want you to start 283 00:18:54,756 --> 00:18:58,116 Speaker 1: questioning what you've been told about Jack the Ripper and 284 00:18:58,276 --> 00:19:01,916 Speaker 1: the qualifications of the people doing the telling. Jack the 285 00:19:02,036 --> 00:19:05,556 Speaker 1: Ripper is one of these cases that does seem to 286 00:19:05,956 --> 00:19:10,236 Speaker 1: bring out certain things in some people. Personally wouldn't have 287 00:19:10,276 --> 00:19:12,796 Speaker 1: touched this for the barge pole. By the end of 288 00:19:12,876 --> 00:19:15,396 Speaker 1: this series, I'll have shown you why I think the 289 00:19:15,516 --> 00:19:18,636 Speaker 1: case will never be solved. The interesting part that but 290 00:19:18,796 --> 00:19:22,436 Speaker 1: we can all learn from is why these women died. 291 00:19:23,156 --> 00:19:26,196 Speaker 1: They weren't killed because they'd engaged in any particular trade 292 00:19:26,316 --> 00:19:30,356 Speaker 1: or activity. They were in harm's way simply because they 293 00:19:30,436 --> 00:19:33,796 Speaker 1: were women and because they were poor. Jack the Ripper 294 00:19:33,876 --> 00:19:38,316 Speaker 1: may have killed these women, but Victorian society was the accomplice. 295 00:19:38,876 --> 00:19:41,276 Speaker 1: That's the new story I'm going to tell you, and 296 00:19:41,436 --> 00:19:44,636 Speaker 1: it's the one that's made me a lot of enemies. 297 00:19:46,276 --> 00:19:59,396 Speaker 1: The Ripper told will return shortly. It seems I've committed 298 00:19:59,836 --> 00:20:04,716 Speaker 1: three unforgivable crimes. I've revealed that quite a lot of 299 00:20:04,796 --> 00:20:07,756 Speaker 1: what we're told about Jack the Ripper is wrong. I've 300 00:20:07,836 --> 00:20:11,396 Speaker 1: laid out why the case will never be solved, and finally, 301 00:20:11,916 --> 00:20:14,116 Speaker 1: I've shown a light on the lives of the victims 302 00:20:14,476 --> 00:20:16,956 Speaker 1: and asked why no one else has really bothered to 303 00:20:17,036 --> 00:20:21,316 Speaker 1: do so before. That's made a lot of people very angry. 304 00:20:22,876 --> 00:20:26,836 Speaker 1: She's ignored sources to present her own theories, and when questioned, 305 00:20:26,876 --> 00:20:29,716 Speaker 1: has behaved in a very non professional and arrogant way. 306 00:20:30,436 --> 00:20:34,956 Speaker 1: Just my opinion, of course, quasi feminist claptrap taking those 307 00:20:35,156 --> 00:20:39,316 Speaker 1: poor women's lives out of context. I think Rubinholt can 308 00:20:39,356 --> 00:20:42,316 Speaker 1: benefit from growing a thicker skin like the White Chapel 309 00:20:42,396 --> 00:20:46,236 Speaker 1: victims would have needed. The reason a lot of the 310 00:20:46,316 --> 00:20:48,876 Speaker 1: Jack the Ripper story that gets served up is wrong 311 00:20:49,596 --> 00:20:52,596 Speaker 1: is because of people like that. When it comes to 312 00:20:52,716 --> 00:20:56,196 Speaker 1: the examination of most other historical events, from the American 313 00:20:56,276 --> 00:20:59,876 Speaker 1: Revolution to the Great Depression, the people publishing the books 314 00:20:59,916 --> 00:21:04,516 Speaker 1: and speaking at conferences tend to be qualified historians, economists, 315 00:21:04,876 --> 00:21:10,316 Speaker 1: or archaeologists. Rightly or wrongly, most professional historians have avoided 316 00:21:10,396 --> 00:21:14,116 Speaker 1: studying the White Shovel murders, and given the abuse I've suffered, 317 00:21:14,476 --> 00:21:17,796 Speaker 1: I can't exactly blame them. That means most of the 318 00:21:17,876 --> 00:21:21,076 Speaker 1: books and articles have been written by amateurs who are 319 00:21:21,236 --> 00:21:26,996 Speaker 1: often obsessed with the blood and gore. They call themselves ripparologists. 320 00:21:27,836 --> 00:21:30,276 Speaker 1: I do believe that if you call yourself a riparologist, 321 00:21:30,356 --> 00:21:33,436 Speaker 1: you probably should get a real job. This is Ginger Frost, 322 00:21:33,756 --> 00:21:37,076 Speaker 1: a professor at Samford University in Alabama. That is not 323 00:21:37,156 --> 00:21:39,236 Speaker 1: a job. Trying to figure out who Jack the Rippery 324 00:21:39,276 --> 00:21:40,556 Speaker 1: is Number one, You're not going to do at a 325 00:21:40,676 --> 00:21:42,756 Speaker 1: number two who cares At this point if we put 326 00:21:42,836 --> 00:21:44,476 Speaker 1: a name on it, would it change it? Would it 327 00:21:44,556 --> 00:21:47,316 Speaker 1: make any real difference. The important thing to think about 328 00:21:47,476 --> 00:21:50,036 Speaker 1: is the position of women and the level of poverty 329 00:21:50,396 --> 00:21:52,996 Speaker 1: in the East End, and the difficulties of the police 330 00:21:53,036 --> 00:21:55,836 Speaker 1: in the nineteenth century. Their forensics were terrible. Those are 331 00:21:55,836 --> 00:21:57,916 Speaker 1: the kinds of things you can learn about this, not 332 00:21:58,596 --> 00:22:01,476 Speaker 1: endlessly trying to chase some name to put on this guy. 333 00:22:02,236 --> 00:22:06,396 Speaker 1: He's not that interesting. Believe me, Ginger, I've tried to 334 00:22:06,476 --> 00:22:10,276 Speaker 1: make these very points in public. It's simple. Have you 335 00:22:10,396 --> 00:22:19,076 Speaker 1: got any suspects I don't care. I don't care. Often 336 00:22:19,156 --> 00:22:21,516 Speaker 1: when I give talks about the five women, I have 337 00:22:21,676 --> 00:22:24,956 Speaker 1: ripparologists coming along to tell me I'm wrong. There is 338 00:22:26,196 --> 00:22:33,316 Speaker 1: professional prostitution customer. You need to read mine. On the 339 00:22:33,396 --> 00:22:37,076 Speaker 1: other hand, some ripparologists confine themselves to being nasty about 340 00:22:37,116 --> 00:22:39,396 Speaker 1: me and my work and Facebook groups and on Twitter. 341 00:22:40,156 --> 00:22:44,036 Speaker 1: Threads have appeared on online forums too, attacking me personally 342 00:22:44,196 --> 00:22:47,716 Speaker 1: and tearing into my research. One of those threads is 343 00:22:47,836 --> 00:22:51,836 Speaker 1: now over two hundred pages long. And don't bother trying 344 00:22:51,876 --> 00:22:55,356 Speaker 1: to amend the Wikipedia page on the murders. Any reference 345 00:22:55,436 --> 00:23:00,276 Speaker 1: to my work gets deleted straight away. My personal favorite, though, 346 00:23:00,516 --> 00:23:06,996 Speaker 1: is a podcast rippercast. It compared me to a Holocaust denier. 347 00:23:07,676 --> 00:23:13,596 Speaker 1: People have course to flawed methodologists, like those adopted by 348 00:23:13,716 --> 00:23:18,396 Speaker 1: people who thinked deny the Holocaust. We had below the 349 00:23:18,476 --> 00:23:23,156 Speaker 1: threshold for historical responsibility at that point. One prominent repparologist, 350 00:23:23,476 --> 00:23:27,716 Speaker 1: a retired policeman called Trevor Marriott, is particularly upset that 351 00:23:27,916 --> 00:23:30,956 Speaker 1: in my work I don't describe every cut and slash 352 00:23:31,076 --> 00:23:34,476 Speaker 1: of the actual murders. It thanks a false picture of 353 00:23:34,556 --> 00:23:39,196 Speaker 1: the Ripper mystery and the Rapper investigation. In fact, Trevor 354 00:23:39,276 --> 00:23:42,996 Speaker 1: got very angry on Twitter just before International Women's Day. 355 00:23:43,476 --> 00:23:46,676 Speaker 1: He was annoyed about what he saw as feminism creeping 356 00:23:46,716 --> 00:23:50,316 Speaker 1: into his hobby. I have no flawed view of women, 357 00:23:50,436 --> 00:23:54,516 Speaker 1: he tweeted, other than you need us men because vibrators 358 00:23:54,716 --> 00:23:58,476 Speaker 1: can't cut the grass. It was a jokingly comical off 359 00:23:58,516 --> 00:24:02,596 Speaker 1: the cuff remark, which, in my opinion, has got blown 360 00:24:02,716 --> 00:24:06,756 Speaker 1: up beyond the proportion. The comment was made that in 361 00:24:06,916 --> 00:24:11,436 Speaker 1: relation to a man in a that normally in relationships 362 00:24:11,596 --> 00:24:14,916 Speaker 1: it's the men that cut the grass. Trevor and many 363 00:24:14,996 --> 00:24:19,716 Speaker 1: other reparologists seem to see themselves as gatekeepers, the owners 364 00:24:19,756 --> 00:24:23,516 Speaker 1: of the facts. About Jack the ripper. I trespassed on 365 00:24:23,596 --> 00:24:27,276 Speaker 1: their territory and dared to talk about the women, and 366 00:24:27,476 --> 00:24:31,316 Speaker 1: to add insult to injury. I didn't even ask their permission. 367 00:24:31,636 --> 00:24:35,356 Speaker 1: I think the response she's received is fully justified. Perhaps 368 00:24:35,436 --> 00:24:38,596 Speaker 1: if Hallie Ha'd have taken the time to speak to 369 00:24:38,716 --> 00:24:42,676 Speaker 1: somebody like me or somebody else that is fairly knowledgeable 370 00:24:42,756 --> 00:24:45,556 Speaker 1: about these crimes, it may well have given her a 371 00:24:46,036 --> 00:24:50,396 Speaker 1: much wider perspective. Even if you do have the patients 372 00:24:50,436 --> 00:24:53,396 Speaker 1: to engage with riparology, it can be like banging your 373 00:24:53,436 --> 00:24:56,596 Speaker 1: head against a brick wall. I think I changed my email, 374 00:24:56,756 --> 00:24:59,956 Speaker 1: and I also left Facebook. We decided to cut loose 375 00:25:00,036 --> 00:25:02,756 Speaker 1: and that was it. Neil Sheldon's written about the women too, 376 00:25:03,236 --> 00:25:05,476 Speaker 1: and his work has been a useful resource for me. 377 00:25:05,996 --> 00:25:09,476 Speaker 1: He spent twenty eight years in the riparology community before 378 00:25:09,596 --> 00:25:12,916 Speaker 1: leaving it. He remembers going to an exhibition about the 379 00:25:13,036 --> 00:25:16,956 Speaker 1: murders and getting into an argument with another ripparologist about 380 00:25:17,036 --> 00:25:20,756 Speaker 1: how victims like Kate Edo's were being represented. He said, 381 00:25:20,836 --> 00:25:23,956 Speaker 1: I'm sorry, but I really cannot see how the victims 382 00:25:24,036 --> 00:25:27,316 Speaker 1: have been ignored. There are several pages from Edo's inquest 383 00:25:27,396 --> 00:25:31,436 Speaker 1: papers on display, including the list of Edo's possessions. Now, 384 00:25:31,516 --> 00:25:34,036 Speaker 1: as far as I'm concerned, that suggests that what he 385 00:25:34,196 --> 00:25:37,316 Speaker 1: believes is that Edo's life story can be summed up 386 00:25:37,676 --> 00:25:39,996 Speaker 1: by the fact that she had a kidney removed and 387 00:25:40,156 --> 00:25:43,356 Speaker 1: that she was mutilated. That to me sums up a 388 00:25:43,436 --> 00:25:47,636 Speaker 1: lot of how reparology people feel just unbelievable. I tell 389 00:25:47,716 --> 00:25:49,956 Speaker 1: you all this not to get even with my critics, 390 00:25:50,356 --> 00:25:52,276 Speaker 1: but so that you know why the story of the 391 00:25:52,356 --> 00:25:56,236 Speaker 1: White Couple murders has been so badly told up until now. 392 00:25:56,716 --> 00:25:59,316 Speaker 1: The people telling it often don't know what they're doing. 393 00:25:59,916 --> 00:26:02,836 Speaker 1: They aren't very good at historical research, and they often 394 00:26:02,956 --> 00:26:06,236 Speaker 1: flunk when they try to involve science. Remember the shawl 395 00:26:06,396 --> 00:26:10,236 Speaker 1: and the rare not rare DNA very very very common. 396 00:26:10,956 --> 00:26:14,236 Speaker 1: And also, and it pains me to say it, I 397 00:26:14,356 --> 00:26:16,156 Speaker 1: get the feeling that a lot of the people who 398 00:26:16,196 --> 00:26:19,236 Speaker 1: are deeply interested in Jack the Ripper aren't all that 399 00:26:19,516 --> 00:26:23,516 Speaker 1: keen on women. For me, the worst aspect was just 400 00:26:23,596 --> 00:26:26,596 Speaker 1: the sort of casual misogyny of it all, the ranking 401 00:26:26,676 --> 00:26:29,676 Speaker 1: of the victims. It's just the way they talked about them. 402 00:26:30,116 --> 00:26:34,916 Speaker 1: Like Neil Melanie Clegg also fled riproology, and yes, you 403 00:26:35,076 --> 00:26:38,876 Speaker 1: heard her right, She says some rippologists rank the murder 404 00:26:38,996 --> 00:26:43,076 Speaker 1: victims in order of their physical attractiveness. The reason I 405 00:26:43,236 --> 00:26:46,516 Speaker 1: left ripprology was actually just someone who made a really 406 00:26:46,596 --> 00:26:49,836 Speaker 1: disgusting rape joke on Facebook, and that was for me 407 00:26:50,036 --> 00:26:53,276 Speaker 1: the final straw. I presume that's why a lot of 408 00:26:53,356 --> 00:26:56,276 Speaker 1: the story has never been told, right, Why the women 409 00:26:56,436 --> 00:26:59,476 Speaker 1: and the vital part they play in this fascinating historical 410 00:26:59,556 --> 00:27:04,636 Speaker 1: event have been misrepresented or forgotten. The only people telling 411 00:27:04,716 --> 00:27:08,036 Speaker 1: the story wanted it that way. They didn't think the 412 00:27:08,156 --> 00:27:11,556 Speaker 1: women were worthy effort. I mean, the public face is 413 00:27:11,596 --> 00:27:16,236 Speaker 1: all the tours, the conference, the articles, they've all written, books, 414 00:27:16,756 --> 00:27:20,116 Speaker 1: they really underline the fact that it's an academic thing 415 00:27:20,316 --> 00:27:23,316 Speaker 1: that they could all be, you know, proper historians, if 416 00:27:23,396 --> 00:27:25,876 Speaker 1: any of them are gone to school. But the undercurrent 417 00:27:26,196 --> 00:27:30,996 Speaker 1: is very prurient and it's just awful. They do talk 418 00:27:31,036 --> 00:27:32,956 Speaker 1: a lot about, oh, you know, maybe we should have 419 00:27:33,076 --> 00:27:37,076 Speaker 1: more women in ripparology and staff, but you know, most 420 00:27:37,116 --> 00:27:40,876 Speaker 1: reasonable women just aren't gonna stick around for that sort 421 00:27:40,916 --> 00:27:44,756 Speaker 1: of thing. So that's the myth out of the way, 422 00:27:45,516 --> 00:27:47,516 Speaker 1: and now we'll turn to the real job at hand. 423 00:27:48,116 --> 00:27:52,876 Speaker 1: I'm going to introduce you to Polly Annie, Elizabeth Kate, 424 00:27:53,276 --> 00:27:57,516 Speaker 1: and Mary Jane You'll learn how these five very different 425 00:27:57,596 --> 00:28:02,156 Speaker 1: individuals navigated a world which was inherently hostile to women 426 00:28:02,316 --> 00:28:06,156 Speaker 1: and the underclass. They weren't angels, but neither were they 427 00:28:06,236 --> 00:28:09,716 Speaker 1: the labels that Victorian society and our own culture has 428 00:28:09,796 --> 00:28:13,516 Speaker 1: hung on them. You'll meet a cast of historians, criminologists, 429 00:28:13,636 --> 00:28:17,036 Speaker 1: crime writers and more who will help me reveal how 430 00:28:17,236 --> 00:28:21,596 Speaker 1: laws around wages, health, divorce, and addiction put these women, 431 00:28:21,956 --> 00:28:26,196 Speaker 1: and in fact all women, at a huge disadvantage. I'll 432 00:28:26,236 --> 00:28:28,836 Speaker 1: show you where things have changed and where things are 433 00:28:28,916 --> 00:28:34,116 Speaker 1: still frustratingly the same. The stories of these women will 434 00:28:34,276 --> 00:28:39,236 Speaker 1: blow your mind, and I promise you this, after hearing them, 435 00:28:39,836 --> 00:28:42,276 Speaker 1: you will never see the case of Jack the Ripper 436 00:28:42,396 --> 00:28:46,956 Speaker 1: in quite the same way again. You can start right away. 437 00:28:47,396 --> 00:28:51,156 Speaker 1: Episode two is available to download. Now, come with me 438 00:28:51,356 --> 00:28:54,716 Speaker 1: back to Whitechapel on an August day in eighteen eighty eight, 439 00:28:55,276 --> 00:28:59,476 Speaker 1: when Jack the Ripper's campaign of terror is about to begin. 440 00:29:09,596 --> 00:29:11,556 Speaker 1: Bad Women the Ripper Were Told is brought to you 441 00:29:11,676 --> 00:29:15,196 Speaker 1: by Pushkin Industries and me Hallie Ribbinhold, and is based 442 00:29:15,236 --> 00:29:17,996 Speaker 1: on my book The Five. It was produced and co 443 00:29:18,116 --> 00:29:20,876 Speaker 1: written by Ryan Dilley and Alice Fines, with help from 444 00:29:20,916 --> 00:29:24,436 Speaker 1: Pete Norton. Pascal Wise sound designed and mixed the show 445 00:29:24,796 --> 00:29:27,996 Speaker 1: and composed all the original music. You also heard the 446 00:29:28,076 --> 00:29:32,116 Speaker 1: voice talents of Soul Boyer, Melanie Guttridge, Gemma Saunders, and 447 00:29:32,236 --> 00:29:35,756 Speaker 1: rufus Wright. The show also wouldn't have been possible without 448 00:29:35,796 --> 00:29:39,436 Speaker 1: the work of Mia La Belle, Jacob Weisberg, Gen Guerra, 449 00:29:39,836 --> 00:29:45,396 Speaker 1: Heather Fane, Carlie Migliori, Maggie Taylor, Nicole Morano and Daniella 450 00:29:45,476 --> 00:29:49,196 Speaker 1: La Khan were special thanks to my agents Sarah Ballard 451 00:29:49,316 --> 00:29:50,156 Speaker 1: and Ellie Karn.