1 00:00:01,200 --> 00:00:04,120 Speaker 1: Hey, everyone, it's me Josh and for this week's s 2 00:00:04,240 --> 00:00:07,440 Speaker 1: Y s K Selects, I've chosen How Black Boxes Work, 3 00:00:07,960 --> 00:00:11,440 Speaker 1: which I had forgotten, was a special request from our 4 00:00:11,520 --> 00:00:15,720 Speaker 1: good friend Cormack Ron Dazzo, who is an absolute cute kid. 5 00:00:15,920 --> 00:00:18,079 Speaker 1: Where he was at the time that this came out 6 00:00:18,320 --> 00:00:21,079 Speaker 1: and now he's a cool dude from what I understand. 7 00:00:21,800 --> 00:00:24,800 Speaker 1: At any rate, Kick back and enjoy a look at 8 00:00:24,840 --> 00:00:30,320 Speaker 1: an amazing invention that can survive a plane crash. Welcome 9 00:00:30,320 --> 00:00:32,560 Speaker 1: to Stuff you Should Know, a production of My Heart 10 00:00:32,640 --> 00:00:41,080 Speaker 1: Radios How Stuff Works. Hey, and welcome to the podcast. 11 00:00:41,120 --> 00:00:44,720 Speaker 1: I'm Josh Clark and they're sitting by me. Is Chuck 12 00:00:44,800 --> 00:00:49,840 Speaker 1: Bryant across from you and Jerry Rowland beside us. Yeah, 13 00:00:50,880 --> 00:00:54,280 Speaker 1: here we are. Yeah, this is stuff you should Hey, 14 00:00:54,280 --> 00:00:58,200 Speaker 1: and this is a fan request by one of our 15 00:00:58,240 --> 00:01:02,640 Speaker 1: younger fans. Yeah, when Cormack run Dazzo, it's right, our buddy, 16 00:01:02,720 --> 00:01:05,760 Speaker 1: Joe's son and wife Cat. They all listen as a 17 00:01:05,800 --> 00:01:11,120 Speaker 1: family and it's adorable they shout at their stereo as 18 00:01:11,160 --> 00:01:13,759 Speaker 1: a family. Yeah, apparently Cat shouted at the stereo. When 19 00:01:13,800 --> 00:01:18,560 Speaker 1: you didn't remember thirteen year old girls doing fingerspelling sign language, 20 00:01:19,080 --> 00:01:21,200 Speaker 1: Joe said, cat was like, how can he not have 21 00:01:21,319 --> 00:01:26,880 Speaker 1: known this? That's all we did. It wasn't around um Toledo. Yeah, 22 00:01:26,880 --> 00:01:28,440 Speaker 1: and you know what, Emily didn't know about it either, 23 00:01:28,480 --> 00:01:31,560 Speaker 1: and she was in Ohio, So maybe it's everywhere but Ohio, 24 00:01:31,840 --> 00:01:36,959 Speaker 1: Ohio colon left behind as usual. It's pretty funny. But yeah, 25 00:01:37,040 --> 00:01:40,679 Speaker 1: Cormack suggested that we do an episode on black box 26 00:01:40,720 --> 00:01:43,680 Speaker 1: flight recorders, and that's what we're doing. Yeah, so Chuck, 27 00:01:43,920 --> 00:01:47,560 Speaker 1: if you'll indulge me before we get started. Um. I 28 00:01:47,600 --> 00:01:49,880 Speaker 1: don't know if you remember, but a couple of years ago, 29 00:01:50,640 --> 00:01:54,680 Speaker 1: a fans and in some day planners for us UM 30 00:01:54,720 --> 00:01:57,360 Speaker 1: that were like year long day planners. The the ones 31 00:01:57,400 --> 00:02:00,000 Speaker 1: made out of old library books, yeah, and like um 32 00:02:00,040 --> 00:02:04,720 Speaker 1: and they had like like day coupage like liquor stuff 33 00:02:05,360 --> 00:02:09,080 Speaker 1: on the on The covers are great perfect. I can't 34 00:02:09,080 --> 00:02:13,280 Speaker 1: find anything even remotely that good anywhere I've been looking 35 00:02:13,320 --> 00:02:16,679 Speaker 1: for a while. So dear listener, if you're still out 36 00:02:16,680 --> 00:02:19,280 Speaker 1: there and you were listening, UM, get in touch with us, 37 00:02:19,280 --> 00:02:21,440 Speaker 1: because I would love to buy those from you. Every year. 38 00:02:21,720 --> 00:02:24,119 Speaker 1: Oh yeah you like those? Oh they were great? Yeah yeah, 39 00:02:24,160 --> 00:02:27,040 Speaker 1: you mean went crazy for it. Yeah, So if you 40 00:02:27,960 --> 00:02:31,120 Speaker 1: are that person, get in touch with us. Put in 41 00:02:31,160 --> 00:02:34,360 Speaker 1: the subject line, I'm the person Josh is looking for 42 00:02:34,919 --> 00:02:40,720 Speaker 1: our day planners. Yeah, okay, thank you, Chuck. So we're 43 00:02:40,720 --> 00:02:44,040 Speaker 1: talking black boxes, that's right, it's pretty interesting. I thought, yeah, 44 00:02:44,040 --> 00:02:46,280 Speaker 1: we should probably put to rest the inane question of 45 00:02:46,400 --> 00:02:51,400 Speaker 1: if they can make something like a black box that 46 00:02:51,480 --> 00:02:54,040 Speaker 1: can survive an airplane car crash, why don't you just 47 00:02:54,080 --> 00:02:56,600 Speaker 1: make the whole airplane out of a black box material? 48 00:02:56,919 --> 00:03:00,280 Speaker 1: And the answer is because it wouldn't fly. Simp is 49 00:03:00,320 --> 00:03:02,200 Speaker 1: that Yeah, So I'm glad we got that out of 50 00:03:02,240 --> 00:03:04,680 Speaker 1: the way. Yeah, and they're also we should go ahead 51 00:03:04,720 --> 00:03:07,800 Speaker 1: and say right up front, they're not black. Uh, they're 52 00:03:07,960 --> 00:03:11,200 Speaker 1: generally like bright orange with like reflective tape and things, 53 00:03:11,240 --> 00:03:12,920 Speaker 1: because you want to be able to find it. Yeah, 54 00:03:13,280 --> 00:03:16,520 Speaker 1: amongst the rubble as of the I think the sixties 55 00:03:16,560 --> 00:03:18,840 Speaker 1: or seventies, there became a mandate where you had to 56 00:03:18,840 --> 00:03:21,000 Speaker 1: paint them bright orange so you could find them. But 57 00:03:21,120 --> 00:03:23,880 Speaker 1: they think that they were called black boxes originally because 58 00:03:23,880 --> 00:03:28,040 Speaker 1: either the original ones were black or because it was 59 00:03:28,120 --> 00:03:32,240 Speaker 1: kind of a grim moniker because the boxes will become 60 00:03:32,320 --> 00:03:35,160 Speaker 1: charred in the wreckage and turn black. Yeah, I saw 61 00:03:35,200 --> 00:03:38,360 Speaker 1: another explanation to that. I don't think holds water. That 62 00:03:38,400 --> 00:03:41,920 Speaker 1: they were initially like round and red and uh, when 63 00:03:41,960 --> 00:03:43,920 Speaker 1: they first debuted it, someone in the room said, oh, 64 00:03:44,040 --> 00:03:48,040 Speaker 1: what a nice black box, as a smarmie thing to say. 65 00:03:48,080 --> 00:03:50,240 Speaker 1: I guess about something that's round and red. I don't 66 00:03:50,240 --> 00:03:52,640 Speaker 1: know if that holds water though. Yeah. It's weird all around. 67 00:03:52,760 --> 00:03:55,800 Speaker 1: And apparently in the aviation industry they don't call them 68 00:03:55,800 --> 00:03:58,160 Speaker 1: black boxes anyway. That's like something for the news media 69 00:03:58,200 --> 00:04:02,360 Speaker 1: and jerks like us, they probably call them crash survivalbal 70 00:04:02,720 --> 00:04:05,720 Speaker 1: memory units. I think what they column is either one 71 00:04:05,760 --> 00:04:09,000 Speaker 1: of the two things that are either a flight data 72 00:04:09,080 --> 00:04:15,440 Speaker 1: recorder or a voice box. Well, there's a there's a 73 00:04:15,440 --> 00:04:19,440 Speaker 1: lot of um. Yeah, it's not that hard. But because 74 00:04:19,480 --> 00:04:22,800 Speaker 1: of the media and in part because of this article, uh, 75 00:04:22,880 --> 00:04:27,880 Speaker 1: it's very unclear that black boxes are different things. Yeah, 76 00:04:27,880 --> 00:04:30,560 Speaker 1: there's two different we'll get into it, but there's really 77 00:04:30,560 --> 00:04:32,800 Speaker 1: two different kinds. And what you would think of as 78 00:04:32,800 --> 00:04:37,159 Speaker 1: a black box is actually a group of components the 79 00:04:37,200 --> 00:04:40,960 Speaker 1: system that yeah, that formed this system that's meant to 80 00:04:41,760 --> 00:04:47,440 Speaker 1: record the flight data and the cockpit um sounds, which 81 00:04:47,520 --> 00:04:50,080 Speaker 1: is the discussion and the beeps and the pings and 82 00:04:50,120 --> 00:04:53,120 Speaker 1: all that of every single flight that goes into the 83 00:04:53,160 --> 00:04:58,080 Speaker 1: air commercial flight. Yeah, um, in order, and then it 84 00:04:58,200 --> 00:05:00,200 Speaker 1: is housed in a way that it will survive. I've 85 00:05:00,560 --> 00:05:04,240 Speaker 1: even a horrible plane crash. It's frequently the only survivor 86 00:05:04,279 --> 00:05:06,000 Speaker 1: of a plane crash. Yeah. And we'll get to the 87 00:05:06,040 --> 00:05:07,520 Speaker 1: testing of these which I thought was kind of the 88 00:05:07,520 --> 00:05:09,919 Speaker 1: coolest part later. Yeah, I thought so too. And the 89 00:05:09,960 --> 00:05:12,200 Speaker 1: whole point is, of course, is to get all the 90 00:05:12,279 --> 00:05:15,279 Speaker 1: data to figure out what happened in a plane crash, 91 00:05:15,400 --> 00:05:19,760 Speaker 1: what happened, because very frequently that it's not. Again, if 92 00:05:19,760 --> 00:05:23,560 Speaker 1: it's the sole survivor, then there's no one there to say, oh, 93 00:05:23,600 --> 00:05:27,080 Speaker 1: well there's fire. There's fire. It's somebody lit a fire 94 00:05:27,120 --> 00:05:30,200 Speaker 1: in the cabin and and the whole the plane blew up. Yeah, 95 00:05:30,240 --> 00:05:32,640 Speaker 1: but you could hit play and you're the pilots going 96 00:05:32,760 --> 00:05:35,240 Speaker 1: someone lit a fire in the cabin, right, and there 97 00:05:35,279 --> 00:05:37,719 Speaker 1: you have it. Yeah, but it's a little more complicated 98 00:05:37,720 --> 00:05:41,479 Speaker 1: than that. Uh. And goes back to UH. In the 99 00:05:41,560 --> 00:05:45,440 Speaker 1: nineteen forties, there was a Finish aviation engineer named V. A. 100 00:05:45,560 --> 00:05:52,799 Speaker 1: Ho which doesn't sound finish, um the immigration and he 101 00:05:53,120 --> 00:05:56,800 Speaker 1: did some of the first UM flight recording was something 102 00:05:56,800 --> 00:05:59,560 Speaker 1: called the Mata Harre for World War two planes test 103 00:05:59,600 --> 00:06:02,279 Speaker 1: flights basically, but I think it was only like instrument 104 00:06:02,320 --> 00:06:06,200 Speaker 1: readings at the time. It wasn't recording uh uh, any 105 00:06:06,279 --> 00:06:10,440 Speaker 1: voices like cockpit recording. Well, supposedly the right brothers had 106 00:06:10,520 --> 00:06:13,599 Speaker 1: some sort of recording device to record the propeller rotation. 107 00:06:13,640 --> 00:06:16,480 Speaker 1: That's pretty cool. Yeah, it's like there's been flight data 108 00:06:16,720 --> 00:06:19,320 Speaker 1: ever since there's been flight that's awesome. I found that 109 00:06:19,400 --> 00:06:22,120 Speaker 1: an Australian named David Warren was the one who really 110 00:06:22,120 --> 00:06:24,440 Speaker 1: came up with the black box recorder. Yeah, he's the 111 00:06:24,480 --> 00:06:28,920 Speaker 1: one that brought the voices into it, the actual audio recording. Okay, yeah, yeah, 112 00:06:28,920 --> 00:06:32,360 Speaker 1: he was. He was a member of a crash investigation 113 00:06:32,880 --> 00:06:35,240 Speaker 1: for a mysterious plane crash and he thought it would 114 00:06:35,279 --> 00:06:37,240 Speaker 1: be really good if we had like a recording of 115 00:06:37,279 --> 00:06:39,760 Speaker 1: what was going on at the time. So he developed him. Yeah, 116 00:06:39,880 --> 00:06:42,120 Speaker 1: he's like that, you couldn't be too hard. And that 117 00:06:42,279 --> 00:06:45,919 Speaker 1: was the fifties I believe, and they became widespread and 118 00:06:45,960 --> 00:06:49,000 Speaker 1: mandated in the sixties. Yeah, in Australia. It was the 119 00:06:49,040 --> 00:06:53,680 Speaker 1: first country and I guess even continent to make the mandatory. 120 00:06:54,000 --> 00:06:58,960 Speaker 1: So go uh ozzy uzzy AZZI good on you. So um. 121 00:06:59,080 --> 00:07:03,359 Speaker 1: Initially the the black box recorders were UM recording on 122 00:07:03,440 --> 00:07:07,680 Speaker 1: magnetic tape, and then they moved in the strangely enough, 123 00:07:07,680 --> 00:07:10,000 Speaker 1: in the late nineties early two thousands. It wasn't until 124 00:07:10,680 --> 00:07:16,120 Speaker 1: UMO eight that they fully switched. Yeah, that the f 125 00:07:16,240 --> 00:07:18,760 Speaker 1: a A mandated in two thousand five. There was a 126 00:07:18,800 --> 00:07:21,560 Speaker 1: list of proposed rules, and one of them was, let's 127 00:07:21,560 --> 00:07:24,880 Speaker 1: get rid of magnetic recorders, which no one uses anymore. 128 00:07:25,480 --> 00:07:28,360 Speaker 1: That's two thousand five after all, and go to solid 129 00:07:28,400 --> 00:07:33,320 Speaker 1: state digital recorders. Yeah right, uh, no cassettes even um 130 00:07:33,400 --> 00:07:36,400 Speaker 1: and uh they the f A thought about it and 131 00:07:36,400 --> 00:07:38,640 Speaker 1: thought about and thought about and finally said, okay, fine, 132 00:07:38,680 --> 00:07:41,480 Speaker 1: we'll do that. One of the big reasons why was 133 00:07:41,840 --> 00:07:44,280 Speaker 1: with magnetic tapes you could just record the last half 134 00:07:44,320 --> 00:07:48,640 Speaker 1: hour of a cockpit conversation. Yeah, it would. It would 135 00:07:48,640 --> 00:07:51,720 Speaker 1: rerecord over itself every thirty minutes, which is you know, 136 00:07:52,960 --> 00:07:55,320 Speaker 1: probably that's all you need. Yeah, you want to hope 137 00:07:55,320 --> 00:07:57,520 Speaker 1: that your plane doesn't take thirty minutes to go down 138 00:07:57,880 --> 00:08:03,320 Speaker 1: be pretty bad. Um. But the the big superiority that 139 00:08:03,560 --> 00:08:06,239 Speaker 1: solid state has over that is that the recording time 140 00:08:06,360 --> 00:08:13,960 Speaker 1: is far greater. Yeah, the recording media is smaller, more durable. Yeah. 141 00:08:13,960 --> 00:08:17,080 Speaker 1: If you're moving parts yeah, and so it can't break 142 00:08:17,120 --> 00:08:20,120 Speaker 1: down as easily. And if one part breaks you can 143 00:08:20,160 --> 00:08:25,080 Speaker 1: still take the solid state memory sticks and reconfigure them 144 00:08:25,120 --> 00:08:27,760 Speaker 1: and get the data off of them. Still. Yeah. They 145 00:08:27,760 --> 00:08:31,000 Speaker 1: cost between ten and fifteen grand each and are usually 146 00:08:32,040 --> 00:08:35,760 Speaker 1: um comes straight from the manufacturer, like they work with 147 00:08:35,840 --> 00:08:40,920 Speaker 1: the airline manufact airplane manufacturers themselves to like preinstall them 148 00:08:40,920 --> 00:08:43,120 Speaker 1: on these planes. Right, Yeah, so you have a black 149 00:08:43,160 --> 00:08:46,199 Speaker 1: box manufacturer who sells them to the airlines, who are 150 00:08:46,720 --> 00:08:51,280 Speaker 1: the airplane manufacturers who sell the airplanes to the airlines. 151 00:08:51,400 --> 00:08:53,360 Speaker 1: With the black boxes are installed, it's like a part 152 00:08:53,360 --> 00:08:57,079 Speaker 1: of the plane, that's right. Um, so we should probably 153 00:08:57,120 --> 00:09:00,840 Speaker 1: explain this now it's been long enough. A black box 154 00:09:00,920 --> 00:09:04,040 Speaker 1: can be one of two things, well, one of three 155 00:09:04,080 --> 00:09:07,360 Speaker 1: things really, Um. It can be the flight data recorder, 156 00:09:08,160 --> 00:09:10,679 Speaker 1: or it can be the cockpit voice recorder, that's right, 157 00:09:10,920 --> 00:09:15,960 Speaker 1: Or it can be the crash survivable memory unit. Black 158 00:09:16,000 --> 00:09:19,680 Speaker 1: box refers to all three of those. Yeah, the important thing, 159 00:09:20,080 --> 00:09:22,120 Speaker 1: the only thing that really needs to survive the crash 160 00:09:22,280 --> 00:09:25,800 Speaker 1: is the crash survival memory. That's where the data is 161 00:09:25,840 --> 00:09:30,199 Speaker 1: sent and housed. And um, that's the one that's super 162 00:09:30,240 --> 00:09:34,240 Speaker 1: super beefed up to survive like a nuclear war. Basically, 163 00:09:35,000 --> 00:09:38,559 Speaker 1: so on any flight, on any commercial flight, you have hundreds, 164 00:09:38,720 --> 00:09:42,240 Speaker 1: if not thousands of sensors going on at all times, 165 00:09:42,800 --> 00:09:49,800 Speaker 1: and they are measuring things like airspeed, altitude, uh, cabin pressure, 166 00:09:50,080 --> 00:09:57,559 Speaker 1: cabin temperature, UM, wing trim everything, what are your flaps doing? Yaw? Yeah, 167 00:09:57,840 --> 00:10:00,960 Speaker 1: you don't just guess at yaw, you gotta measure right, right, right, 168 00:10:01,000 --> 00:10:03,120 Speaker 1: And so all of this information is coming into the 169 00:10:03,160 --> 00:10:07,440 Speaker 1: flight computer and plugged into the flight computer is uh, well, 170 00:10:07,559 --> 00:10:12,200 Speaker 1: basically it's like an upstream passive eavesdropping unit. It's called 171 00:10:12,200 --> 00:10:15,640 Speaker 1: the flight Data Acquisition unit, and it takes all of 172 00:10:15,640 --> 00:10:19,360 Speaker 1: this UM. That's up front, right, that's upfront with the pilots, UM. 173 00:10:19,400 --> 00:10:21,480 Speaker 1: And it takes all of this incoming information and it 174 00:10:21,520 --> 00:10:24,000 Speaker 1: records it. So not only is the are the pilots 175 00:10:24,480 --> 00:10:28,560 Speaker 1: and the the ground control getting all this information, but 176 00:10:28,600 --> 00:10:32,160 Speaker 1: it's being recorded as well, UM, and it's being routed 177 00:10:32,200 --> 00:10:35,760 Speaker 1: to the recorders through the Flight Data Acquisition unit. Right. 178 00:10:36,240 --> 00:10:38,960 Speaker 1: So also up front in the cockpit you're gonna have 179 00:10:39,360 --> 00:10:42,080 Speaker 1: at least four microphones and in some newer planes also 180 00:10:42,440 --> 00:10:46,160 Speaker 1: video cameras. Yeah. That's the newest, the latest grade, right yeah, 181 00:10:46,240 --> 00:10:48,199 Speaker 1: which you can't do that on magnetic tape. You know 182 00:10:48,240 --> 00:10:50,240 Speaker 1: what I'm saying. Yeah, they have to start drinking vodka 183 00:10:51,320 --> 00:10:55,160 Speaker 1: instead of like brown liquors. What do you mean the pilots, 184 00:10:55,160 --> 00:10:57,840 Speaker 1: you know, like it's water. I'm just having some h duo. 185 00:10:59,000 --> 00:11:03,800 Speaker 1: That's not the Great Goose or Yeah, I'm joking. Okay, 186 00:11:03,960 --> 00:11:05,680 Speaker 1: although pilots have been known to drink here and there 187 00:11:05,720 --> 00:11:07,440 Speaker 1: and they get in trouble. Yeah, they should get in 188 00:11:07,440 --> 00:11:10,280 Speaker 1: big trouble for they should. You're the d D Okay, 189 00:11:10,360 --> 00:11:12,839 Speaker 1: if you're an airline pilot, there's no way around it. Yeah, 190 00:11:12,840 --> 00:11:15,400 Speaker 1: the only you shouldn't do is drink and do drugs. 191 00:11:16,160 --> 00:11:19,600 Speaker 1: So um up there to eavesdrop on the pilots, and 192 00:11:19,640 --> 00:11:22,080 Speaker 1: not just the pilots, but also all the sounds going 193 00:11:22,120 --> 00:11:26,040 Speaker 1: on in the cockpit. Are these microphones and they're recording 194 00:11:26,040 --> 00:11:29,280 Speaker 1: everything through the cockpit voice recorder. Yeah, and you talked 195 00:11:29,280 --> 00:11:32,000 Speaker 1: about the sounds. That's a big deal. Like not only 196 00:11:32,000 --> 00:11:35,160 Speaker 1: do you want to hear Captain Jim say, holy crap, 197 00:11:35,200 --> 00:11:37,920 Speaker 1: our wing is on fire, but they want to hear 198 00:11:38,920 --> 00:11:41,680 Speaker 1: thirty seconds before that if they hear just some weird 199 00:11:41,720 --> 00:11:44,560 Speaker 1: noise and they're trained to pick up all that ambiance 200 00:11:44,600 --> 00:11:47,360 Speaker 1: sound and experts or trained too to listen out for 201 00:11:47,720 --> 00:11:49,640 Speaker 1: things that you would probably never notice. Is just a 202 00:11:49,679 --> 00:11:52,000 Speaker 1: regular dude, right exactly. And they can sit there and 203 00:11:52,040 --> 00:11:53,800 Speaker 1: hear a ping or a thud or a knock or 204 00:11:53,840 --> 00:11:55,960 Speaker 1: a combination of those things and be like, oh, I 205 00:11:56,040 --> 00:12:00,440 Speaker 1: know what happened. Somebody smoked in the laboratory and kept 206 00:12:00,520 --> 00:12:05,360 Speaker 1: while they were on Their cell phone is loaded, and 207 00:12:28,679 --> 00:12:31,280 Speaker 1: so you've got again, you've got the cockpit voice recorder, 208 00:12:31,960 --> 00:12:35,160 Speaker 1: you've got the flight data recorder, and all of that 209 00:12:35,280 --> 00:12:37,920 Speaker 1: info going out to those two guys is going through 210 00:12:37,920 --> 00:12:40,760 Speaker 1: the flight data acquisition unit, and it's sending the info 211 00:12:40,960 --> 00:12:42,840 Speaker 1: all the way to the back of the plane, where 212 00:12:42,840 --> 00:12:46,439 Speaker 1: the cockpit voice recorder and the flight data recorder are located. 213 00:12:46,720 --> 00:12:49,400 Speaker 1: And why is it located in the back, because the 214 00:12:49,480 --> 00:12:52,400 Speaker 1: front of the plane takes up most of the force 215 00:12:52,440 --> 00:12:56,120 Speaker 1: of the impact, and it's far likelier that something placed 216 00:12:56,160 --> 00:12:58,839 Speaker 1: at the rear of the plane, specifically like the tail 217 00:12:58,920 --> 00:13:02,760 Speaker 1: cone or the aft galley ceiling or something way in 218 00:13:02,800 --> 00:13:06,440 Speaker 1: the back, is going to be likelier to survive because 219 00:13:06,480 --> 00:13:08,880 Speaker 1: the rest gets mushed. Yeah, we talked about that in 220 00:13:08,880 --> 00:13:12,920 Speaker 1: our Surviving a Plane Crash episode. And while they won't 221 00:13:12,960 --> 00:13:14,719 Speaker 1: come out and say it out right. It is a 222 00:13:14,760 --> 00:13:17,240 Speaker 1: little bit safer in the back of an airplane because 223 00:13:17,320 --> 00:13:20,760 Speaker 1: you usually go nose down, and by all accounts, if 224 00:13:20,920 --> 00:13:24,560 Speaker 1: you drive a plane into a mountain, the captain and 225 00:13:24,640 --> 00:13:26,760 Speaker 1: the co pilot are going to suffer the worst of it. 226 00:13:27,240 --> 00:13:31,160 Speaker 1: Maybe if you're in the back bathroom having your cigarette, 227 00:13:31,360 --> 00:13:33,880 Speaker 1: you're shaving like on airplane, you might have a chance 228 00:13:33,920 --> 00:13:39,320 Speaker 1: to survive. Started like cutting itself. Uh and speaking of mountains, chuck, 229 00:13:39,480 --> 00:13:41,400 Speaker 1: this is good at places any to put it. There's 230 00:13:41,440 --> 00:13:45,679 Speaker 1: some something called plane crash info dot com slash last words, 231 00:13:46,480 --> 00:13:49,160 Speaker 1: and there's a lot of It's not just this site. 232 00:13:49,160 --> 00:13:52,880 Speaker 1: There's a lot of sites that have um recordings from 233 00:13:52,960 --> 00:13:56,360 Speaker 1: black boxes, no thanks from like the last seconds or whatever. 234 00:13:57,040 --> 00:13:59,559 Speaker 1: And this site also has just like transcription to the 235 00:13:59,600 --> 00:14:04,040 Speaker 1: last couple sentences, and one of them was mountains the 236 00:14:05,000 --> 00:14:07,720 Speaker 1: last thing. But then there's been there's other ones to like, 237 00:14:07,840 --> 00:14:11,280 Speaker 1: um Ma, I love you was one the last words 238 00:14:11,280 --> 00:14:15,240 Speaker 1: of one pilot. Another one was Pete sorry, so I 239 00:14:15,280 --> 00:14:18,480 Speaker 1: get somebody screwed up. Another one was hang on, what 240 00:14:18,520 --> 00:14:22,120 Speaker 1: the hell is this? Yeah? And then other ones seem 241 00:14:22,200 --> 00:14:24,720 Speaker 1: like they don't realize what's about to happen. This isn't 242 00:14:24,720 --> 00:14:27,600 Speaker 1: as bad as I thought it would be, right, Yeah, yeah, yeah, 243 00:14:27,640 --> 00:14:30,640 Speaker 1: but it's pretty interesting stuff. Some of it's pretty grim, 244 00:14:30,640 --> 00:14:34,160 Speaker 1: some of it's super sad. Yeah, it's like not an 245 00:14:34,240 --> 00:14:36,640 Speaker 1: uplifting things on a read on a Friday afternoon. Oh No, 246 00:14:36,720 --> 00:14:40,000 Speaker 1: it's not uplifting, but it's it's definitely interesting. Yeah. I 247 00:14:40,040 --> 00:14:43,400 Speaker 1: would not recommend reading that before you take a flight. No. 248 00:14:43,600 --> 00:14:46,320 Speaker 1: As a matter of fact, Umi was traveling UM recently 249 00:14:46,320 --> 00:14:49,000 Speaker 1: while I was researching this and I met you send 250 00:14:49,000 --> 00:14:50,640 Speaker 1: it to her. I was like, I can't send her this. 251 00:14:50,720 --> 00:14:54,960 Speaker 1: She's got a fly back here. That's awful. UM. Alright, 252 00:14:55,000 --> 00:14:57,440 Speaker 1: so we talked, Uh, let's go ahead and talk about 253 00:14:57,440 --> 00:14:59,920 Speaker 1: the flight the flight data recorder. UM. You mentioned that 254 00:15:00,000 --> 00:15:05,400 Speaker 1: they're all kinds of um of data being recorded, Like 255 00:15:05,640 --> 00:15:09,800 Speaker 1: up to seven hundred types of data can be recorded. UM. 256 00:15:09,840 --> 00:15:11,720 Speaker 1: Like they can tell when you just turn a switch on, 257 00:15:11,880 --> 00:15:14,880 Speaker 1: that's like it's logged all of a sudden, captain turned on, 258 00:15:15,440 --> 00:15:18,560 Speaker 1: even interior cabin light switch, you know, that's all recorded. 259 00:15:19,120 --> 00:15:24,280 Speaker 1: And UM. The f a A they require pre two 260 00:15:24,280 --> 00:15:26,520 Speaker 1: thousand two planes to have a minimum of eleven and 261 00:15:26,560 --> 00:15:29,320 Speaker 1: twenty nine parameters. If it was built after two thousand 262 00:15:29,400 --> 00:15:33,360 Speaker 1: to um at least eight eight parameters, right, I don't 263 00:15:33,360 --> 00:15:37,120 Speaker 1: see why they just don't log at all if they can. Well, 264 00:15:37,160 --> 00:15:40,600 Speaker 1: apparently like that that rule that forced up to eighty 265 00:15:40,640 --> 00:15:43,560 Speaker 1: eight parameters be recorded like cost the airline industry like 266 00:15:43,600 --> 00:15:46,320 Speaker 1: three million bucks or something. And that's the reason they're 267 00:15:46,360 --> 00:15:49,320 Speaker 1: notoriously tight. So that's why they keep fighting it. And 268 00:15:49,320 --> 00:15:52,360 Speaker 1: it's the NTSB that's saying like, let's push this along. 269 00:15:52,360 --> 00:15:55,160 Speaker 1: It's two thousand five, we need to stop using magnetic 270 00:15:55,200 --> 00:15:57,760 Speaker 1: reel reel right, And the f a A is like, 271 00:15:58,200 --> 00:16:00,360 Speaker 1: I don't know, Well, the f A is being post 272 00:16:00,400 --> 00:16:03,880 Speaker 1: around by the airline industry. Well scary enough, um, I 273 00:16:03,880 --> 00:16:05,440 Speaker 1: guess it's a good time to mention this. There was 274 00:16:05,480 --> 00:16:09,120 Speaker 1: something called the Safe Act, Safe as Asian and Flight 275 00:16:09,320 --> 00:16:14,080 Speaker 1: Enhancement Act, and it's been up twice and has not 276 00:16:14,200 --> 00:16:17,200 Speaker 1: passed this legislation either time. And all they're trying to 277 00:16:17,240 --> 00:16:21,680 Speaker 1: do is provide a second recorder and one of them 278 00:16:21,720 --> 00:16:24,680 Speaker 1: should be deployable in the rear, which makes sense, like 279 00:16:25,000 --> 00:16:27,880 Speaker 1: if the plane hits an impact, this thing pops off 280 00:16:27,880 --> 00:16:32,640 Speaker 1: the back of the plane altogether and little costs. Like 281 00:16:33,600 --> 00:16:38,120 Speaker 1: I guess so because because they said, uh, the f 282 00:16:38,120 --> 00:16:41,800 Speaker 1: A A has a long history of delaying uh much 283 00:16:41,840 --> 00:16:44,840 Speaker 1: needed upgrades and this equipment, and I guess it's because 284 00:16:44,840 --> 00:16:48,200 Speaker 1: of price or the airplane lobby. Yeah. When you when 285 00:16:48,240 --> 00:16:52,680 Speaker 1: your federal agency is actually like a safeguard to protect 286 00:16:52,720 --> 00:16:56,080 Speaker 1: the finances of the industry, is regulating, that's not good. No, 287 00:16:56,200 --> 00:17:01,000 Speaker 1: it's not Why can't everybody just do things right? I 288 00:17:01,120 --> 00:17:04,640 Speaker 1: know it's frustrating, and money is typically at the root 289 00:17:04,680 --> 00:17:07,960 Speaker 1: of it all, you know, it always is. Yeah, all right, 290 00:17:08,000 --> 00:17:10,840 Speaker 1: So we talked a little bit about the testing. I 291 00:17:10,880 --> 00:17:12,280 Speaker 1: guess we should just talk about what these things are 292 00:17:12,280 --> 00:17:14,960 Speaker 1: built out of, why they survive that the c S 293 00:17:15,119 --> 00:17:21,000 Speaker 1: m U back in and Roswell New Mexico. No, but 294 00:17:21,119 --> 00:17:25,160 Speaker 1: there are three layers of materials to keep these things safe. Um, 295 00:17:25,200 --> 00:17:27,840 Speaker 1: you got your aluminium housing on the outside of it, 296 00:17:28,040 --> 00:17:30,760 Speaker 1: and it holds all your memory cards. No, the aluminum 297 00:17:31,520 --> 00:17:35,360 Speaker 1: is inside. Oh yeah yeah, yeah, yeah, Okay, that makes sense. 298 00:17:35,359 --> 00:17:37,120 Speaker 1: It's the weakest link, you know what I mean, it's 299 00:17:37,160 --> 00:17:40,640 Speaker 1: on the inside surrounding it's the last stand of protection. 300 00:17:40,680 --> 00:17:42,480 Speaker 1: I guess, right, that is, like you said, it's holding 301 00:17:42,480 --> 00:17:45,560 Speaker 1: the memory cards, which are the one thing you really 302 00:17:45,600 --> 00:17:49,119 Speaker 1: want to survive, the only thing. Yeah, and the people. 303 00:17:49,320 --> 00:17:53,160 Speaker 1: This is right, right, Yeah, I guess it's a good point. 304 00:17:53,240 --> 00:17:56,359 Speaker 1: And this is the crash Survivable memory unit, which is 305 00:17:56,359 --> 00:17:59,040 Speaker 1: actually a part of the flight data recorder and the 306 00:17:59,320 --> 00:18:04,640 Speaker 1: cockpit voice for quorder. Yeah, but it's also this separate 307 00:18:04,680 --> 00:18:08,760 Speaker 1: it's kind of like the Holy See, you know, the 308 00:18:08,800 --> 00:18:12,040 Speaker 1: Holy of Holies, the Temple within the Temple of Jerusalem. Yeah, 309 00:18:12,040 --> 00:18:14,080 Speaker 1: like everything else will get mangled and it doesn't matter. 310 00:18:14,359 --> 00:18:15,840 Speaker 1: But all you need it, like you said, are those 311 00:18:15,880 --> 00:18:17,840 Speaker 1: memory cards, right, Okay, so so go ahead. There's an 312 00:18:17,840 --> 00:18:20,920 Speaker 1: aluminum housing around the memory cards, right, and then around 313 00:18:20,920 --> 00:18:24,160 Speaker 1: that you have it insulated with a dry silica one 314 00:18:24,160 --> 00:18:27,439 Speaker 1: inch of it. And that is because a lot of 315 00:18:27,440 --> 00:18:29,720 Speaker 1: times when planes crash, they catch on fire. Yeah, you 316 00:18:29,760 --> 00:18:33,080 Speaker 1: want to retard fire. Put a niche of silicus stuff 317 00:18:33,080 --> 00:18:36,480 Speaker 1: around this, around whatever you want, your hand, your head, sure, 318 00:18:36,880 --> 00:18:39,280 Speaker 1: just do it. You won't get burned. H And then 319 00:18:39,320 --> 00:18:41,960 Speaker 1: around that is your outer shell. And it's either stainless 320 00:18:41,960 --> 00:18:45,160 Speaker 1: steel or titanium. It's about a quarter inch thick. And 321 00:18:45,440 --> 00:18:49,600 Speaker 1: that's like you know that you're bomb casing and all 322 00:18:49,640 --> 00:18:51,560 Speaker 1: of that is why you can't build a plane out 323 00:18:51,560 --> 00:18:54,080 Speaker 1: of all this. It would be too heavy. Yeah, And 324 00:18:54,119 --> 00:18:58,399 Speaker 1: so this this one to three punch of a crash 325 00:18:58,440 --> 00:19:02,280 Speaker 1: survival memory unit. Um, it's a cylinder. Did you say that? 326 00:19:03,440 --> 00:19:06,240 Speaker 1: I thought it was implicit. It's just so imagine like 327 00:19:06,680 --> 00:19:08,879 Speaker 1: a steel box. And you can also go on to 328 00:19:08,960 --> 00:19:11,800 Speaker 1: how stuff works and type in um, how black boxes working. 329 00:19:12,080 --> 00:19:15,720 Speaker 1: It'll bring up images. But imagine like a steel box 330 00:19:15,760 --> 00:19:18,760 Speaker 1: that forms like an L on its back right, so 331 00:19:18,840 --> 00:19:22,320 Speaker 1: the foot is sticking upward into the air. And then 332 00:19:22,440 --> 00:19:25,080 Speaker 1: on the part that's along the ground now of the 333 00:19:25,280 --> 00:19:28,960 Speaker 1: L is it's cylinder that's coming up. Looks like it's 334 00:19:29,080 --> 00:19:31,840 Speaker 1: it's holding some oil or something like. That's an oil cylinder. 335 00:19:32,200 --> 00:19:35,920 Speaker 1: It's like a fat squat barrel. Then attached to that 336 00:19:36,800 --> 00:19:41,639 Speaker 1: is this little tube another cylinder but longer and shorter 337 00:19:42,160 --> 00:19:44,679 Speaker 1: that serves as the handle for the whole unit. But 338 00:19:44,720 --> 00:19:49,200 Speaker 1: it's also a beacon. Yeah, and that's super important. Um. 339 00:19:49,280 --> 00:19:52,280 Speaker 1: And actually we'll get into that. But you gotta find 340 00:19:52,280 --> 00:19:55,200 Speaker 1: these things, you know, it does no good if it's 341 00:19:55,240 --> 00:19:57,320 Speaker 1: hidden behind a tree or at the bottom of the ocean. 342 00:19:58,480 --> 00:20:01,320 Speaker 1: They like to hide, they do. So we talked about 343 00:20:01,359 --> 00:20:04,159 Speaker 1: some of the testing that these things go through and 344 00:20:04,400 --> 00:20:09,160 Speaker 1: it's pretty awesome. Um, they do one, two, three, four, five, 345 00:20:09,280 --> 00:20:12,719 Speaker 1: six tests, the first of which is just a basic 346 00:20:12,720 --> 00:20:15,320 Speaker 1: crash impact. They shoot it out of an air cannon 347 00:20:16,160 --> 00:20:20,399 Speaker 1: at thirty four hundred g s into an aluminum honeycomb 348 00:20:21,320 --> 00:20:24,480 Speaker 1: and it smashes it with a force equal to times 349 00:20:24,520 --> 00:20:27,600 Speaker 1: its own weight. It's just like, I want to see 350 00:20:27,600 --> 00:20:30,560 Speaker 1: this thing in super SloMo basically, which not only does 351 00:20:30,600 --> 00:20:34,879 Speaker 1: this simulate the impact of a major plane crash, it 352 00:20:34,960 --> 00:20:39,600 Speaker 1: actually probably overstates the force. I think they overstayed everything. Yeah, 353 00:20:39,680 --> 00:20:42,720 Speaker 1: you know, and these things survived. They say, okay, good, alright, 354 00:20:42,760 --> 00:20:44,480 Speaker 1: let's take it on to the next test, and the 355 00:20:44,520 --> 00:20:48,120 Speaker 1: flight data recorders like wait what yeah, exactly, And they 356 00:20:48,160 --> 00:20:50,120 Speaker 1: take it onto the pin drop, which I think it's 357 00:20:50,119 --> 00:20:52,240 Speaker 1: funny that they call it the pin drop. Has nothing 358 00:20:52,280 --> 00:20:54,880 Speaker 1: to do with it sound, it's like engineering humor. Yeah. 359 00:20:55,760 --> 00:20:58,879 Speaker 1: But they take like a five pound weight with a 360 00:20:58,960 --> 00:21:01,879 Speaker 1: quarter inch the old pin coming out of the end 361 00:21:01,880 --> 00:21:03,920 Speaker 1: of it. It's like a little spike, and they drop 362 00:21:04,000 --> 00:21:08,800 Speaker 1: it from ten ft the spike onto the weakest axis 363 00:21:08,840 --> 00:21:13,280 Speaker 1: of the uh, the black box. It's like a puncture test. Yeah, 364 00:21:13,359 --> 00:21:16,359 Speaker 1: and it nothing happens, so they move it on to 365 00:21:16,440 --> 00:21:19,040 Speaker 1: the next test. Yeah, the static crush, which would be 366 00:21:19,040 --> 00:21:22,959 Speaker 1: a good band name uh, five minutes of five thousand 367 00:21:23,040 --> 00:21:26,359 Speaker 1: pounds per square rich pressure applied to the six major 368 00:21:26,400 --> 00:21:29,960 Speaker 1: access points. So it's just a constant, not an impact thing. 369 00:21:30,400 --> 00:21:31,960 Speaker 1: But just let me see if I can just crush 370 00:21:32,000 --> 00:21:35,720 Speaker 1: you over time with brute force. Yeah. It's like a headlock. Yeah, 371 00:21:36,000 --> 00:21:39,080 Speaker 1: the worst headlock you can ever imagine. And then the 372 00:21:39,080 --> 00:21:43,840 Speaker 1: fire test, which they fire a propane fireball with three 373 00:21:43,840 --> 00:21:47,160 Speaker 1: burners at about two thousand degrees fahrenheit for an hour 374 00:21:47,840 --> 00:21:49,280 Speaker 1: and just let it sit there and see if it 375 00:21:49,320 --> 00:21:52,640 Speaker 1: melts or does anything yeah, or explodes or whatever. Yeah, 376 00:21:52,840 --> 00:21:56,760 Speaker 1: it just sits there. Um. And then the planes frequently 377 00:21:56,800 --> 00:21:59,760 Speaker 1: go down. Well, when they go down, they frequently go 378 00:21:59,840 --> 00:22:02,560 Speaker 1: down out into the ocean or the sea. So your 379 00:22:02,600 --> 00:22:05,960 Speaker 1: black box has to survive underwater. So they do a 380 00:22:06,000 --> 00:22:09,800 Speaker 1: deep sea immersion test um, which is like a pressurized 381 00:22:09,840 --> 00:22:12,800 Speaker 1: tank of water for twenty four hours. Uh. And then 382 00:22:12,800 --> 00:22:15,800 Speaker 1: they also do a saltwater submersion test, so this thing 383 00:22:15,840 --> 00:22:18,639 Speaker 1: has to basically sit around in saltwater for thirty days, 384 00:22:19,359 --> 00:22:23,199 Speaker 1: that's right. And finally they will let it soak in 385 00:22:23,320 --> 00:22:27,000 Speaker 1: other types of fluids like jet fuel and lubricant and 386 00:22:27,119 --> 00:22:29,840 Speaker 1: fire extinguisher chemicals and anything else in a plane that 387 00:22:29,880 --> 00:22:33,200 Speaker 1: it might end up submerged in. And if it can 388 00:22:33,280 --> 00:22:35,880 Speaker 1: withstand sitting in jet fuel for a period of time, 389 00:22:35,920 --> 00:22:37,920 Speaker 1: then you're good to go. Yeah. And then after all 390 00:22:38,000 --> 00:22:42,760 Speaker 1: this they put a little um mortarboard on the the 391 00:22:42,800 --> 00:22:46,480 Speaker 1: cylinder and send it along its way to be installed 392 00:22:46,640 --> 00:22:50,920 Speaker 1: in an airplane. That's right where it's sadly, will only 393 00:22:50,960 --> 00:23:17,520 Speaker 1: be used if something really bad happens. All right, so 394 00:23:17,560 --> 00:23:21,080 Speaker 1: your plane is crashed. Yeah, we're both dead, right, but 395 00:23:21,200 --> 00:23:23,879 Speaker 1: the black box has survived, it lives on what happens 396 00:23:23,920 --> 00:23:27,160 Speaker 1: to it, Well, they have to find it first, um. 397 00:23:27,240 --> 00:23:29,919 Speaker 1: And like we said, these things are tested to make 398 00:23:29,960 --> 00:23:34,040 Speaker 1: sure that they can withstand deep sea and salt water immersion, 399 00:23:34,400 --> 00:23:38,440 Speaker 1: which they sometimes have to UM And in the event 400 00:23:38,520 --> 00:23:40,800 Speaker 1: that they are going to go into the water, the 401 00:23:40,880 --> 00:23:44,520 Speaker 1: little handle that has an underwater beacon installed in it 402 00:23:45,280 --> 00:23:48,560 Speaker 1: actually has this water detector and when water comes in 403 00:23:48,640 --> 00:23:50,840 Speaker 1: contact with the beacon, it starts to set it off 404 00:23:51,480 --> 00:23:53,840 Speaker 1: and it sends out a pink I think every minute 405 00:23:53,920 --> 00:23:58,440 Speaker 1: or thirty seconds for the next thirty days or something like. Yeah, 406 00:23:58,520 --> 00:24:01,679 Speaker 1: it's one per second for a yeah, um. And this 407 00:24:01,760 --> 00:24:04,679 Speaker 1: ping you couldn't hear it if you were listening for it. 408 00:24:05,280 --> 00:24:07,760 Speaker 1: But if you were listening through sonar, you would be 409 00:24:07,800 --> 00:24:11,000 Speaker 1: able to pick it up. And the beacon sends out 410 00:24:11,040 --> 00:24:13,119 Speaker 1: the ping and the people go find the ping and 411 00:24:13,160 --> 00:24:16,560 Speaker 1: they get it. They can transmit ideally, but it can 412 00:24:16,560 --> 00:24:22,160 Speaker 1: transmit up to fourteen thousand feet, which is pretty impressive, right, um. 413 00:24:22,280 --> 00:24:26,119 Speaker 1: And and if you can find the beacon thanks to 414 00:24:26,160 --> 00:24:31,120 Speaker 1: the ping, that's awesome. There have been cases where the 415 00:24:31,160 --> 00:24:33,920 Speaker 1: black boxes have been found long after the ping stopped. 416 00:24:34,119 --> 00:24:37,640 Speaker 1: Um Air France flight four four seven when I think 417 00:24:37,640 --> 00:24:39,960 Speaker 1: two thousand nine and went down in the Atlantic, remember 418 00:24:40,000 --> 00:24:43,840 Speaker 1: that one. It was awful, like it just disappeared into 419 00:24:43,840 --> 00:24:46,800 Speaker 1: the Atlantic and they couldn't find the wreckage for a 420 00:24:46,880 --> 00:24:49,200 Speaker 1: very long time. I try to block out plane crashes. 421 00:24:49,240 --> 00:24:50,800 Speaker 1: It was. It was a bad one. It was one 422 00:24:50,800 --> 00:24:54,240 Speaker 1: of the worst, most recent ones. UM But they couldn't 423 00:24:54,240 --> 00:24:58,840 Speaker 1: find the black box for two years and they finally 424 00:24:58,880 --> 00:25:02,000 Speaker 1: found it and see order at twelve thousand feet after 425 00:25:02,040 --> 00:25:04,760 Speaker 1: two years and when they brought the both of the 426 00:25:04,800 --> 00:25:07,119 Speaker 1: black boxes up, they were able to get all of 427 00:25:07,160 --> 00:25:09,359 Speaker 1: the data off of them. Wow, they were well made. 428 00:25:10,040 --> 00:25:11,679 Speaker 1: Did it was it dumb luck or were they searching 429 00:25:11,720 --> 00:25:14,119 Speaker 1: for it? Oh, they're searching for it, Okay, even though 430 00:25:14,160 --> 00:25:17,879 Speaker 1: it stopped pinging, Ley just kept looking. Uh so you 431 00:25:17,920 --> 00:25:22,680 Speaker 1: do recover it, hopefully, and then you need to analyze 432 00:25:22,680 --> 00:25:24,679 Speaker 1: the data. So they're going to transport it to the 433 00:25:25,440 --> 00:25:28,280 Speaker 1: h to a lab at the NTSP, the National Transportation 434 00:25:28,359 --> 00:25:33,000 Speaker 1: Safety Board. We should say, the the country that this 435 00:25:33,119 --> 00:25:36,760 Speaker 1: happens in, or if it's like an international waters the 436 00:25:36,840 --> 00:25:39,840 Speaker 1: country that the airline is registered in is responsible for 437 00:25:39,960 --> 00:25:42,359 Speaker 1: leading the investigation. Yeah, that makes sense. So in the 438 00:25:42,440 --> 00:25:47,360 Speaker 1: United States would be the NTSP. Okay, yeah, sure, um. 439 00:25:47,400 --> 00:25:49,359 Speaker 1: And just like any relic you find, if you know 440 00:25:49,440 --> 00:25:53,480 Speaker 1: about finding undersea items that have been in salt water, 441 00:25:54,359 --> 00:25:57,919 Speaker 1: you want to transport that in its own state that 442 00:25:58,000 --> 00:26:00,600 Speaker 1: you found it, so in its own mess. Yeah, like 443 00:26:00,640 --> 00:26:02,320 Speaker 1: if it's it's the same thing as if you find 444 00:26:02,520 --> 00:26:05,040 Speaker 1: a piece of sunken treasure. You don't want to bring 445 00:26:05,080 --> 00:26:06,840 Speaker 1: it out and dry it off with a hair dryer. 446 00:26:07,160 --> 00:26:09,199 Speaker 1: You want to keep it submerged in saltwater because that's 447 00:26:09,200 --> 00:26:11,600 Speaker 1: where it's been living. And that's the sucking treasure pro 448 00:26:11,680 --> 00:26:15,120 Speaker 1: tip from Chuck. I did an article on that. Actually 449 00:26:15,400 --> 00:26:18,480 Speaker 1: that's how I know this, um. But yeah, so if 450 00:26:18,520 --> 00:26:20,679 Speaker 1: if they find it in the ocean, they want to 451 00:26:20,720 --> 00:26:23,560 Speaker 1: transport it in salt water and a cooler to a 452 00:26:23,640 --> 00:26:26,520 Speaker 1: lab where they can really treat it right, give it 453 00:26:26,560 --> 00:26:29,680 Speaker 1: the v I P treatment. Yeah. Um, and if the 454 00:26:29,720 --> 00:26:33,119 Speaker 1: whole black box is still intact, you can actually just 455 00:26:33,280 --> 00:26:37,160 Speaker 1: use it's it's computer interface. It's already installed this part 456 00:26:37,160 --> 00:26:39,320 Speaker 1: of the recorder. Yeah, you can just plug it in 457 00:26:39,359 --> 00:26:41,199 Speaker 1: and download all the stuff off of it. Yeah, it 458 00:26:41,200 --> 00:26:44,200 Speaker 1: can be super quick. But oftentimes that stuff, like we said, 459 00:26:44,280 --> 00:26:46,840 Speaker 1: is mangled and burned away, and so you have to 460 00:26:47,240 --> 00:26:50,240 Speaker 1: just take the memory sticks and then you know, hook 461 00:26:50,280 --> 00:26:52,280 Speaker 1: it up to a different machine so you can retrieve 462 00:26:52,320 --> 00:26:55,040 Speaker 1: the data, that's right, which takes a little longer. Yeah, 463 00:26:55,080 --> 00:26:59,080 Speaker 1: it can take weeks or months when you get the data. Obviously, 464 00:26:59,119 --> 00:27:03,800 Speaker 1: when you have the data recorder data, you can feed 465 00:27:03,800 --> 00:27:07,600 Speaker 1: that into a computer and create a simulation using a 466 00:27:07,720 --> 00:27:11,719 Speaker 1: model to visualize what the plane was doing based on 467 00:27:11,760 --> 00:27:14,040 Speaker 1: all those readings from all those different arrays. When you 468 00:27:14,040 --> 00:27:16,720 Speaker 1: put them all together, it can create a computer model 469 00:27:16,760 --> 00:27:18,879 Speaker 1: of the plane to show what it was doing at 470 00:27:18,880 --> 00:27:22,520 Speaker 1: the time of the crash. Um The cockpit voice recorder 471 00:27:22,920 --> 00:27:26,520 Speaker 1: uses a little more of human ingenuity to piece it together, 472 00:27:26,640 --> 00:27:30,320 Speaker 1: and this takes way longer. Yeah. One thing you're gonna 473 00:27:30,359 --> 00:27:35,040 Speaker 1: have is um a representative from the airline. You're gonna 474 00:27:35,080 --> 00:27:38,560 Speaker 1: have a representative from the plane builder because they don't 475 00:27:38,600 --> 00:27:42,280 Speaker 1: like their planes to go down. Um, there's gonna be ah, 476 00:27:42,560 --> 00:27:44,480 Speaker 1: I guess whatever country or in your version of the 477 00:27:44,560 --> 00:27:47,239 Speaker 1: NTSB is going to be there. And then sometimes they 478 00:27:47,280 --> 00:27:51,119 Speaker 1: might have a translator or language specialist, depending on you 479 00:27:51,119 --> 00:27:54,920 Speaker 1: know what nationality your your pilot was right, because I'm 480 00:27:54,920 --> 00:27:57,120 Speaker 1: not to translate some stuff. And you have people who 481 00:27:57,160 --> 00:28:00,240 Speaker 1: are trained in deciphering beeps and pings and not box 482 00:28:00,680 --> 00:28:04,119 Speaker 1: airline cockpits, and they put all this together. It's a 483 00:28:04,119 --> 00:28:08,040 Speaker 1: pretty interesting job, you know, um. And you you take 484 00:28:08,080 --> 00:28:10,720 Speaker 1: that information, you put it together with the model, the 485 00:28:10,720 --> 00:28:15,640 Speaker 1: simulation from the plane, the flight data recorder, and then 486 00:28:15,720 --> 00:28:19,000 Speaker 1: these days also the flight computers send out warning messages 487 00:28:19,040 --> 00:28:21,960 Speaker 1: like flight four four seven air France. It's sent out 488 00:28:22,000 --> 00:28:25,480 Speaker 1: like twenty four warning messages, um in the four minutes 489 00:28:25,520 --> 00:28:28,119 Speaker 1: before it crashed. So they had that already on hand, 490 00:28:28,680 --> 00:28:31,280 Speaker 1: but nothing else. Yes, and then they started to piece 491 00:28:31,320 --> 00:28:34,080 Speaker 1: it together after they went and got the wreckage, which 492 00:28:34,119 --> 00:28:37,760 Speaker 1: we should say in some cases, when possible, they'll actually 493 00:28:38,000 --> 00:28:41,640 Speaker 1: piece the entire plane back together to Oh yeah, I 494 00:28:41,640 --> 00:28:43,520 Speaker 1: didn't know that Yeah, they'll get like a huge airplane 495 00:28:43,560 --> 00:28:45,880 Speaker 1: hangar and take all the wreckage and pieces together piece 496 00:28:45,920 --> 00:28:48,280 Speaker 1: by piece and try to get the plane back together 497 00:28:48,360 --> 00:28:51,400 Speaker 1: to help that to help to help give a complete 498 00:28:51,400 --> 00:28:53,760 Speaker 1: picture of what the heck happened. Did you see that 499 00:28:53,840 --> 00:28:56,840 Speaker 1: the flight the Denzel Washington movie? And though I heard 500 00:28:56,840 --> 00:29:00,280 Speaker 1: it was so depressing, it was good. Yeah. Man, they 501 00:29:00,280 --> 00:29:02,959 Speaker 1: filmed that here too in Atlanta. But yeah, it was 502 00:29:03,440 --> 00:29:05,800 Speaker 1: intense for sure. Okay, I'll check it out and then 503 00:29:05,920 --> 00:29:08,640 Speaker 1: chuck um, it's not just airplanes where you can find 504 00:29:08,760 --> 00:29:13,120 Speaker 1: black boxes, buddy, that's right. Uh, they're on trains. Planes 505 00:29:14,400 --> 00:29:17,480 Speaker 1: already on planes, they're on trains and sort of a 506 00:29:17,680 --> 00:29:22,240 Speaker 1: newish thing is putting versions of these and cars um 507 00:29:22,320 --> 00:29:24,720 Speaker 1: either to give you like an insurance break. I think 508 00:29:24,720 --> 00:29:28,240 Speaker 1: you can opt for these sometimes to prove that you're 509 00:29:28,240 --> 00:29:32,040 Speaker 1: a safe driver and get it basically tracks like how 510 00:29:32,080 --> 00:29:34,680 Speaker 1: fast you go and if you're speeding and taking turns 511 00:29:34,720 --> 00:29:37,320 Speaker 1: too fast and stuff like that. Yeah, but they're a 512 00:29:37,360 --> 00:29:40,400 Speaker 1: little controversial, I guess because I think in England you 513 00:29:40,440 --> 00:29:46,240 Speaker 1: can actually get traffic tickets based on Yeah, I knew 514 00:29:46,280 --> 00:29:49,960 Speaker 1: that was coming. Yeah, but some there's some car manufacturers 515 00:29:50,000 --> 00:29:54,120 Speaker 1: that manufacture basically flight data recorders into their cars already. 516 00:29:54,720 --> 00:29:59,360 Speaker 1: It's not necessarily recording like your cockpit conversation or anything 517 00:29:59,440 --> 00:30:01,960 Speaker 1: like that, but it is keeping track of your car. 518 00:30:02,440 --> 00:30:06,680 Speaker 1: It's like, um, you you know how, like your car 519 00:30:06,720 --> 00:30:08,480 Speaker 1: will tell you that your tire pressure is low, or 520 00:30:08,560 --> 00:30:11,360 Speaker 1: your doors open or something like that. There's something that's 521 00:30:11,360 --> 00:30:14,160 Speaker 1: recording all that stuff, including all of your engine stuff 522 00:30:14,200 --> 00:30:17,640 Speaker 1: and everything else that's part of your car too, which 523 00:30:17,680 --> 00:30:21,200 Speaker 1: amounts to a black box. Because we left off we 524 00:30:21,240 --> 00:30:23,240 Speaker 1: said that, you know, the point of having a black 525 00:30:23,280 --> 00:30:25,680 Speaker 1: box is to figure out what the heck happened. We 526 00:30:25,800 --> 00:30:28,280 Speaker 1: didn't quite go far enough. Because the point of figuring 527 00:30:28,320 --> 00:30:31,440 Speaker 1: out what the heck happened it's not just to satisfy curiosity. 528 00:30:31,480 --> 00:30:34,760 Speaker 1: But if there's a problem that's going to translate to 529 00:30:34,840 --> 00:30:37,960 Speaker 1: other planes, to a mechanical failure, right, you want to 530 00:30:38,000 --> 00:30:39,880 Speaker 1: go be able to fix it, or if there's a 531 00:30:39,880 --> 00:30:43,680 Speaker 1: way to make planes safer in the future, um or 532 00:30:43,720 --> 00:30:46,840 Speaker 1: prevent an accident. That's the whole point of the black boxes, 533 00:30:46,920 --> 00:30:51,000 Speaker 1: to learn from tragedy. Yeah, they should put the voice 534 00:30:51,000 --> 00:30:56,840 Speaker 1: recorders in cars for right. Yeah, for d why crash 535 00:30:56,920 --> 00:31:02,320 Speaker 1: this guy sounds drunk? Pull them over, right? Focus, focus, 536 00:31:02,360 --> 00:31:04,280 Speaker 1: Like you start hearing stuff like that, you're in big trouble. 537 00:31:04,720 --> 00:31:06,480 Speaker 1: Like no one else is in the car. You're saying 538 00:31:06,480 --> 00:31:08,920 Speaker 1: that out loud to yourself, but you're arguing about whether 539 00:31:08,960 --> 00:31:13,360 Speaker 1: you should focus. I shouldn't be driving. Oh it's fine, right, 540 00:31:15,320 --> 00:31:18,880 Speaker 1: we shouldn't be joking about that. That's like super sad. Well, 541 00:31:18,880 --> 00:31:21,280 Speaker 1: this is a pretty pretty sad episode. Yeah, but we 542 00:31:21,320 --> 00:31:23,920 Speaker 1: should make pretty sad episode suggested by like a four 543 00:31:24,000 --> 00:31:28,440 Speaker 1: year old. I know what's going on with Cormack. I 544 00:31:28,480 --> 00:31:30,400 Speaker 1: don't know. We'll have to get to the bottom of that. 545 00:31:32,280 --> 00:31:33,840 Speaker 1: I don't know what kind of parenting is going on, 546 00:31:34,200 --> 00:31:37,840 Speaker 1: and that a household. You are great parenting. I'm sure 547 00:31:38,400 --> 00:31:41,640 Speaker 1: I don't have anything else. I don't you got anything else? 548 00:31:41,680 --> 00:31:45,080 Speaker 1: I got nothing else. Well, we should like Cormack who 549 00:31:45,840 --> 00:31:50,120 Speaker 1: This is how we originally got the idea for this episode. Um, 550 00:31:50,160 --> 00:31:53,000 Speaker 1: we should let him play us out to listener mail, 551 00:31:53,480 --> 00:31:56,280 Speaker 1: let's hear it. If you want to know more about 552 00:31:57,160 --> 00:32:01,680 Speaker 1: Black Boss, you into us this search you are and 553 00:32:01,880 --> 00:32:06,920 Speaker 1: you can have fun at our fun and entertaining home 554 00:32:06,960 --> 00:32:11,360 Speaker 1: on the web. Stuff you should know dot com. Al Right, Well, 555 00:32:11,360 --> 00:32:13,600 Speaker 1: that was just too adorable. That's pretty cute. Maybe we 556 00:32:13,600 --> 00:32:16,840 Speaker 1: should make that a regular thing. Yeah, so I have 557 00:32:16,920 --> 00:32:20,320 Speaker 1: an idea. Okay, Um, you guys out there in podcast 558 00:32:20,440 --> 00:32:23,080 Speaker 1: listener land, if you have a cute kid, you should 559 00:32:23,080 --> 00:32:27,480 Speaker 1: record said cute kid doing our sign off for you 560 00:32:27,520 --> 00:32:29,320 Speaker 1: know whatever, saying if you want to get in touch 561 00:32:29,320 --> 00:32:32,640 Speaker 1: with me and chuck, tweet to us, join us on Facebook, YadA, YadA, YadA, 562 00:32:33,240 --> 00:32:35,600 Speaker 1: and um, a cute kid that's a fan of the show, Like, 563 00:32:35,640 --> 00:32:37,440 Speaker 1: don't just train your kid and force them to do 564 00:32:37,480 --> 00:32:39,960 Speaker 1: something they don't know what they're doing exactly. So send 565 00:32:40,040 --> 00:32:42,840 Speaker 1: us that email it to us. Email your permission for 566 00:32:42,920 --> 00:32:45,840 Speaker 1: us to use it. Um, and uh, maybe we'll put 567 00:32:45,880 --> 00:32:48,400 Speaker 1: it in some kind of supercut or whatever. Yeah, include 568 00:32:48,400 --> 00:32:50,040 Speaker 1: whether or not you want us to say your kid's 569 00:32:50,120 --> 00:32:52,400 Speaker 1: name or not? Right, all that j all the safety 570 00:32:52,520 --> 00:32:55,240 Speaker 1: standard safety this is that's very exciting. We haven't had 571 00:32:55,280 --> 00:32:57,080 Speaker 1: like a call out for anything in a while. Yeah, 572 00:32:57,120 --> 00:32:59,440 Speaker 1: this could be cool. Nice. Well, okay, so it's a 573 00:32:59,640 --> 00:33:04,360 Speaker 1: listener male time. Right. Yeah, I'm gonna call this, uh 574 00:33:04,520 --> 00:33:08,240 Speaker 1: clearing up some kosher things. We've had a great response 575 00:33:08,360 --> 00:33:11,160 Speaker 1: with our episode on Salt, so thanks for everyone that 576 00:33:11,200 --> 00:33:13,720 Speaker 1: wrote in so far. Uh slight correction for you guys, 577 00:33:13,720 --> 00:33:15,960 Speaker 1: on kosher salt, you work correct on its use of 578 00:33:16,040 --> 00:33:18,240 Speaker 1: drawing blood out of meat as eating blood as against 579 00:33:18,280 --> 00:33:20,600 Speaker 1: Jewish dietary laws. Simply salting the meat, though, will not 580 00:33:20,680 --> 00:33:23,960 Speaker 1: make it kosher, which is a common misconception. To have 581 00:33:24,000 --> 00:33:26,320 Speaker 1: a kosher meat, Firstly, you must have a kosher animal, 582 00:33:26,760 --> 00:33:30,320 Speaker 1: one that choose it's cud and has split hoofs. While 583 00:33:30,360 --> 00:33:32,480 Speaker 1: pigs have split hooves, they do not chew their cud. 584 00:33:32,800 --> 00:33:35,200 Speaker 1: They are not kosher. Cannot be a scavenger, So no 585 00:33:35,320 --> 00:33:38,360 Speaker 1: catfish or lobsters. No lobster, I saw that sign, felt, 586 00:33:38,960 --> 00:33:41,760 Speaker 1: Oh yeah, that's right. Although fish is not considered meat, 587 00:33:41,760 --> 00:33:44,720 Speaker 1: it is called parv p a r V essentially meaning neutral, 588 00:33:44,760 --> 00:33:47,720 Speaker 1: as in not meat or dairy, which are never eaten together. 589 00:33:48,520 --> 00:33:50,400 Speaker 1: And it cannot be a predator. So no hawks or 590 00:33:50,480 --> 00:33:55,320 Speaker 1: chickens or no chicken hawks are chickens predators? Um, if 591 00:33:55,320 --> 00:33:57,120 Speaker 1: you're a worm of chickens a predator, you know what 592 00:33:57,200 --> 00:33:59,440 Speaker 1: I mean? All right? Secondly, guys, and this is key, 593 00:33:59,480 --> 00:34:01,240 Speaker 1: the animal must to be killed in a ritual called 594 00:34:01,880 --> 00:34:06,640 Speaker 1: chick thing by trained ritual s s H E, K 595 00:34:07,520 --> 00:34:10,400 Speaker 1: H T I n G. The second H through me. 596 00:34:11,800 --> 00:34:15,160 Speaker 1: This process involves a super perfectly sharp, rectangular ended knife 597 00:34:15,160 --> 00:34:18,719 Speaker 1: that's about twice as long as the particular animal's neck. 598 00:34:19,200 --> 00:34:21,960 Speaker 1: It is forbidden to stab or tear the flesh, hence 599 00:34:22,000 --> 00:34:26,640 Speaker 1: the squared inn and sharpness. In one swift motion, the esophagus, trachea, 600 00:34:26,760 --> 00:34:30,080 Speaker 1: herotid arteries, and jugular veins are all cut. The animal 601 00:34:30,160 --> 00:34:35,480 Speaker 1: may not even feel it. Well, who's to say, uh? 602 00:34:35,520 --> 00:34:38,279 Speaker 1: And we'll pass out and then die in seconds. The 603 00:34:38,280 --> 00:34:40,960 Speaker 1: blood is then drained from the animal and after butchering, 604 00:34:41,040 --> 00:34:43,920 Speaker 1: it assaulted with kosher salt to draw out the remaining 605 00:34:43,920 --> 00:34:46,279 Speaker 1: blood and rinsed. You know, I knew a lot of 606 00:34:46,320 --> 00:34:49,600 Speaker 1: that because I read this very very interesting article in 607 00:34:49,719 --> 00:34:54,160 Speaker 1: Harper's Um several months ago, and this guy basically infiltrated 608 00:34:54,239 --> 00:34:57,719 Speaker 1: the meat industry and like Nebraska or something like that, 609 00:34:58,200 --> 00:35:02,360 Speaker 1: and he describes like a osher process of slaughter and 610 00:35:02,400 --> 00:35:05,399 Speaker 1: how different it is from regular process. But then they 611 00:35:05,400 --> 00:35:07,960 Speaker 1: have this special guy who's like a rabbi or something 612 00:35:08,239 --> 00:35:11,320 Speaker 1: who works on this line at the slaughterhouse in in Nebraska. 613 00:35:11,400 --> 00:35:15,000 Speaker 1: He's like a super specialized dude throat cutter. Yeah, but 614 00:35:15,080 --> 00:35:18,520 Speaker 1: he uses like this incredibly sharp instrument. It was really good. 615 00:35:18,920 --> 00:35:21,719 Speaker 1: He's a schecktor it's a really really interesting article. I 616 00:35:21,760 --> 00:35:24,280 Speaker 1: can't remember the name of it, but I recommend anybody 617 00:35:24,320 --> 00:35:26,040 Speaker 1: going and finding it. You know what, maybe you can 618 00:35:26,080 --> 00:35:29,479 Speaker 1: post that in your blog. I have a blog. Yeah, 619 00:35:29,719 --> 00:35:32,120 Speaker 1: you do your blog post about the best things you've 620 00:35:32,120 --> 00:35:34,000 Speaker 1: read this week. Oh yeah, yeah, maybe you should throw 621 00:35:34,000 --> 00:35:36,879 Speaker 1: it in there. All right. So those are the very 622 00:35:36,880 --> 00:35:40,439 Speaker 1: basics of kosher meat, guys. Jewish dietary laws and certification 623 00:35:40,480 --> 00:35:43,280 Speaker 1: are much too lengthy for an email or a single 624 00:35:43,320 --> 00:35:47,280 Speaker 1: episode for that matter. It's very convoluted, highly recommended, delightfully 625 00:35:47,320 --> 00:35:50,759 Speaker 1: witty book called Kosher for the Clueless but Curious by 626 00:35:50,800 --> 00:35:55,680 Speaker 1: Simon Episdorff. I hope this is making words and names 627 00:35:55,680 --> 00:35:58,120 Speaker 1: of I hope I've shed some light on this highly 628 00:35:58,120 --> 00:36:01,840 Speaker 1: complex aspect of Judaism. That's from Michelle and Cedar Park, Texas. 629 00:36:01,920 --> 00:36:06,080 Speaker 1: Thanks Michelle, just near Austin, UH. If you want to 630 00:36:06,080 --> 00:36:08,799 Speaker 1: set its straight about something, we are always glad to 631 00:36:08,840 --> 00:36:12,040 Speaker 1: hear more information like this is. We're kind of like sponges, 632 00:36:12,120 --> 00:36:14,759 Speaker 1: you know. Um. You can tweet a short bursts of 633 00:36:14,800 --> 00:36:18,040 Speaker 1: information on Twitter at s Y s K podcast. You 634 00:36:18,080 --> 00:36:20,920 Speaker 1: can post this information at Facebook dot com slash stuff 635 00:36:20,960 --> 00:36:22,839 Speaker 1: you should know, and if you want to send an 636 00:36:22,880 --> 00:36:26,000 Speaker 1: email to Chuck, Jerry, and Me. You can address it 637 00:36:26,080 --> 00:36:32,720 Speaker 1: to stuff podcast at how stuff works dot com. Stuff 638 00:36:32,760 --> 00:36:34,719 Speaker 1: you Should Know is a production of iHeart Radio's How 639 00:36:34,760 --> 00:36:37,479 Speaker 1: Stuff Works. For more podcasts for my heart Radio, visit 640 00:36:37,520 --> 00:36:40,200 Speaker 1: the iHeart Radio app. Apple podcasts are wherever you listen 641 00:36:40,239 --> 00:36:41,120 Speaker 1: to your favorite shows.