1 00:00:04,120 --> 00:00:06,320 Speaker 1: Hey, and welcome to Short Stuff. I'm Josh, and there's 2 00:00:06,360 --> 00:00:09,720 Speaker 1: Chuck and it's just us. But it's short Stuff and Chuck. 3 00:00:10,240 --> 00:00:15,280 Speaker 1: This is the last episode of twenty twenty five. 4 00:00:16,040 --> 00:00:18,160 Speaker 2: That's right, and that's it. 5 00:00:18,160 --> 00:00:19,439 Speaker 1: That's all I had to say about that. 6 00:00:20,040 --> 00:00:24,000 Speaker 3: All right, Well, let's talk porcelain, because porcelain isn't something 7 00:00:24,079 --> 00:00:26,520 Speaker 3: I really knew much about until I. 8 00:00:26,480 --> 00:00:27,240 Speaker 2: Did this research. 9 00:00:27,320 --> 00:00:29,400 Speaker 3: And porcelain, as it turns out, you might know this 10 00:00:29,480 --> 00:00:31,800 Speaker 3: you might not, is a type of ceramic. It's a 11 00:00:31,840 --> 00:00:35,560 Speaker 3: subset of ceramics. What they are both made of clay, 12 00:00:35,600 --> 00:00:40,199 Speaker 3: and they're both kiln fired, but porcelain clay has a 13 00:00:40,240 --> 00:00:44,240 Speaker 3: much higher density and it's fired longer and at higher temperatures, 14 00:00:45,159 --> 00:00:50,839 Speaker 3: and fussy, is much more durable, has very high performance characteristics, 15 00:00:51,479 --> 00:00:56,080 Speaker 3: and it's you know, porcelain is that super hard mixing 16 00:00:56,120 --> 00:00:59,320 Speaker 3: bowl that you got from your grandmother that like you 17 00:00:59,360 --> 00:01:02,160 Speaker 3: can't break, you can break them, but just super hardy, 18 00:01:02,280 --> 00:01:06,240 Speaker 3: super dense, non porous clay like material. 19 00:01:06,680 --> 00:01:08,920 Speaker 1: Yeah, I guess I haven't had much experience with porcelain 20 00:01:08,920 --> 00:01:10,880 Speaker 1: because I always thought of it as very delicate and 21 00:01:11,000 --> 00:01:15,039 Speaker 1: highly breakable, but apparently that's not true. And once I 22 00:01:15,080 --> 00:01:16,640 Speaker 1: thought about it a little bit. It's like, actually, I 23 00:01:16,640 --> 00:01:21,039 Speaker 1: have lifetime experience with porcelain in the form of a toilet, 24 00:01:21,800 --> 00:01:23,280 Speaker 1: but I hadn't really thought about that. 25 00:01:24,040 --> 00:01:26,040 Speaker 2: Yeah, toilets. Yeah, they don't break. 26 00:01:27,560 --> 00:01:31,160 Speaker 1: Try it, you can't do it. So there's three things 27 00:01:31,200 --> 00:01:33,840 Speaker 1: that show up in any kind of porcelain, and it's 28 00:01:33,880 --> 00:01:36,400 Speaker 1: all natural. That's one of the big attractions of porcelain too. 29 00:01:36,440 --> 00:01:39,320 Speaker 1: It's clay, quartz, and feldspar, which is a kind of 30 00:01:40,040 --> 00:01:42,800 Speaker 1: rocket that can form from all sorts of different stuff. 31 00:01:43,480 --> 00:01:45,600 Speaker 1: And there's all sorts of other stuff you can throw in. 32 00:01:45,959 --> 00:01:50,600 Speaker 1: But depending on the kind of porcelain that you come 33 00:01:50,680 --> 00:01:54,280 Speaker 1: up with, it's basically dependent on the materials you use, 34 00:01:54,480 --> 00:01:57,360 Speaker 1: the raw materials, and then how high a temperature and 35 00:01:57,400 --> 00:01:59,760 Speaker 1: how long you fire it for in the kiln. Those 36 00:01:59,800 --> 00:02:02,600 Speaker 1: are the big variables that produce different kinds of porcelain. 37 00:02:02,920 --> 00:02:06,040 Speaker 1: But probably the most common material that's used is called kalin, 38 00:02:06,480 --> 00:02:09,280 Speaker 1: which is a kind of clay that's almost white. And 39 00:02:09,320 --> 00:02:11,600 Speaker 1: this is like the big money porcelain clay. 40 00:02:12,280 --> 00:02:14,440 Speaker 3: Yeah, and that's usually going to be like that mixing 41 00:02:14,480 --> 00:02:18,760 Speaker 3: bowl like tableware is usually that kalin, very very fine 42 00:02:18,760 --> 00:02:23,200 Speaker 3: particle size. It's super durable, like we were talking about, 43 00:02:23,320 --> 00:02:26,680 Speaker 3: and not permeable by any liquid. 44 00:02:26,720 --> 00:02:27,400 Speaker 2: Just try it again. 45 00:02:28,000 --> 00:02:32,520 Speaker 3: And you know, when we're talking firing temperatures, we'll get 46 00:02:32,520 --> 00:02:34,320 Speaker 3: to a couple of different kinds of porcelain, but it 47 00:02:34,320 --> 00:02:36,960 Speaker 3: can go up to twenty three hundred degrees fahrenheit about 48 00:02:36,960 --> 00:02:40,280 Speaker 3: twelve sixty celsius. And it kind of just depends on 49 00:02:41,240 --> 00:02:43,320 Speaker 3: the what you're making it for, like is it a 50 00:02:43,320 --> 00:02:45,480 Speaker 3: toilet or is it a mixing bowl or is it 51 00:02:45,560 --> 00:02:46,160 Speaker 3: fine China. 52 00:02:46,720 --> 00:02:49,280 Speaker 1: And one other thing about porcelain too that I hadn't 53 00:02:49,320 --> 00:02:52,520 Speaker 1: realized is that some kinds of it are translucent. And 54 00:02:52,560 --> 00:02:54,239 Speaker 1: I was like, wait, that means kind of see through, 55 00:02:54,240 --> 00:02:56,440 Speaker 1: and I looked up pictures of it, and yes, you 56 00:02:56,520 --> 00:02:59,560 Speaker 1: can hold porcelain up to a light, like in your hand, 57 00:02:59,560 --> 00:03:01,360 Speaker 1: and you can see the silhouette of your hand on 58 00:03:01,400 --> 00:03:02,200 Speaker 1: the other side of it. 59 00:03:02,280 --> 00:03:05,600 Speaker 3: Did you know that, Yeah, because I've worked with porcelain 60 00:03:05,680 --> 00:03:08,280 Speaker 3: tile where you can do that a lot of time. 61 00:03:08,400 --> 00:03:12,160 Speaker 3: Flortyle can be porcelain. But this all originated in China 62 00:03:12,200 --> 00:03:15,520 Speaker 3: about two thousand years ago during the Tang dynasty. But 63 00:03:15,560 --> 00:03:18,600 Speaker 3: it wasn't like the porcelain we know. It was basically like, hey, 64 00:03:19,080 --> 00:03:23,600 Speaker 3: we put out our fire, and they discovered this really hard, unbroken, 65 00:03:23,639 --> 00:03:27,440 Speaker 3: solid pieces of stuff, and that was just rudimentary porcelain. 66 00:03:28,040 --> 00:03:31,880 Speaker 3: Later in the Yuan dynasty, it's about seven hundred, eight 67 00:03:31,960 --> 00:03:35,320 Speaker 3: hundred years later, is when they really developed the porcelains. 68 00:03:35,360 --> 00:03:38,440 Speaker 3: We know it the porcelain that Marco Polo found and 69 00:03:38,520 --> 00:03:41,680 Speaker 3: brought back to Europe, and they were just went wild 70 00:03:41,800 --> 00:03:42,840 Speaker 3: for this stuff. 71 00:03:42,680 --> 00:03:46,160 Speaker 1: They did, and the market for porcelain opened up pretty 72 00:03:46,240 --> 00:03:49,720 Speaker 1: quickly because trade routes were open thanks to Marco Polo. 73 00:03:50,440 --> 00:03:53,920 Speaker 1: But the Europeans could not figure out how their Chinese 74 00:03:54,000 --> 00:03:57,960 Speaker 1: friends were making this stuff. So all of the porcelain 75 00:03:58,040 --> 00:04:01,480 Speaker 1: coming into Europe was foreign mate made in China. And 76 00:04:01,520 --> 00:04:04,680 Speaker 1: that's why a lot of porcelain tablewhear is called China 77 00:04:05,120 --> 00:04:08,760 Speaker 1: because it was kind of like the like Champagne is 78 00:04:08,800 --> 00:04:12,880 Speaker 1: the sparkling wine. China was to porcelain right, and it 79 00:04:12,920 --> 00:04:16,479 Speaker 1: took them quite a couple hundred years, I think before 80 00:04:16,520 --> 00:04:19,560 Speaker 1: they finally cracked the code. And it was an alchemist 81 00:04:19,880 --> 00:04:23,000 Speaker 1: who figured out how to make porcelain by basically reverse 82 00:04:23,080 --> 00:04:26,000 Speaker 1: engineering a piece that he had from China. 83 00:04:26,640 --> 00:04:32,080 Speaker 3: Yeah, a German alchemist, Johann Friedrich Brutgue, and he figured 84 00:04:32,080 --> 00:04:36,360 Speaker 3: it out. This was in I guess the eighteenth century 85 00:04:36,480 --> 00:04:39,279 Speaker 3: and by the latter half of the eighteenth century. In 86 00:04:39,279 --> 00:04:43,440 Speaker 3: the seventeen seventies they found that Cowlin clay in Cornwall, England, 87 00:04:43,960 --> 00:04:46,000 Speaker 3: and so the Brits were like, we can start making 88 00:04:46,000 --> 00:04:48,159 Speaker 3: this stuff. Finally we've got we got the good stuff 89 00:04:48,200 --> 00:04:49,120 Speaker 3: right here in Cornwall. 90 00:04:49,640 --> 00:04:51,320 Speaker 1: Is it Cowlin like Shaolin? 91 00:04:52,279 --> 00:04:52,720 Speaker 2: I don't know. 92 00:04:53,120 --> 00:04:55,240 Speaker 1: I like how you said it, Wow, how'd you say 93 00:04:55,279 --> 00:04:57,839 Speaker 1: it Kalin like Kalin or Calin? 94 00:04:58,160 --> 00:04:58,560 Speaker 2: I don't know. 95 00:04:59,240 --> 00:05:01,560 Speaker 1: So Yeah, the Britz are like, great, we can put 96 00:05:01,600 --> 00:05:05,479 Speaker 1: all this together thanks to Booker and Cornwall and start 97 00:05:05,520 --> 00:05:09,400 Speaker 1: making our own porcelain. And I'm not quite sure. I 98 00:05:09,760 --> 00:05:14,000 Speaker 1: get the impression that China made it its porcelain one 99 00:05:14,000 --> 00:05:16,000 Speaker 1: of two ways, and the way that they mostly made 100 00:05:16,040 --> 00:05:20,200 Speaker 1: their porcelain was through hard paste, and that the other 101 00:05:20,240 --> 00:05:22,040 Speaker 1: one is soft paste. And it has to do with 102 00:05:22,400 --> 00:05:26,560 Speaker 1: the density of the raw materials you're using, and then 103 00:05:26,680 --> 00:05:29,480 Speaker 1: how high a temperature you fire it at and for 104 00:05:29,520 --> 00:05:31,760 Speaker 1: how long. Like I was talking about before, these are 105 00:05:31,800 --> 00:05:35,320 Speaker 1: basically the two types, two main categories of porcelain. 106 00:05:35,800 --> 00:05:36,800 Speaker 2: Yeah, and I think you're right. 107 00:05:36,839 --> 00:05:38,960 Speaker 3: I think the Europeans use that soft paste a little 108 00:05:39,000 --> 00:05:41,480 Speaker 3: more so it's a little more prone to chipping. It's 109 00:05:41,480 --> 00:05:45,680 Speaker 3: a little grainier, just not as hearty overall. And then 110 00:05:45,720 --> 00:05:48,720 Speaker 3: you got a glaze of stuff after you fire it. 111 00:05:49,120 --> 00:05:51,720 Speaker 3: But the glazing I thought, you know, because I didn't 112 00:05:51,720 --> 00:05:53,520 Speaker 3: know anything about this stuff, I thought the glazing might 113 00:05:53,560 --> 00:05:55,560 Speaker 3: be kind of the final key to make it in 114 00:05:55,680 --> 00:05:59,240 Speaker 3: permeable to liquids. Me too, but really has nothing to 115 00:05:59,240 --> 00:06:01,960 Speaker 3: do with it. It's all right, impermeable. The glazing is 116 00:06:02,000 --> 00:06:02,680 Speaker 3: just decorative. 117 00:06:02,960 --> 00:06:06,400 Speaker 1: Yeah, it's impermeable because it vitrifies, so like the the 118 00:06:06,600 --> 00:06:11,000 Speaker 1: glass glass like materials become glass in it, so it's 119 00:06:11,080 --> 00:06:16,040 Speaker 1: like kind of glassy. Really good porcelain is. So I say, Chuck, 120 00:06:16,720 --> 00:06:18,599 Speaker 1: we take a little break and come back and talk 121 00:06:18,640 --> 00:06:41,040 Speaker 1: some more about porcelain. What do you think. Let's do it, Chuck. 122 00:06:41,080 --> 00:06:43,320 Speaker 1: I'd like to share something that I learned in our 123 00:06:43,400 --> 00:06:46,039 Speaker 1: Dolls episode that I didn't have a chance to fit in, 124 00:06:46,120 --> 00:06:47,919 Speaker 1: but now I do, because it seems like all of 125 00:06:47,920 --> 00:06:52,039 Speaker 1: our episodes are now interlocking for some reason. But unglazed 126 00:06:52,080 --> 00:06:53,400 Speaker 1: porcelain is called. 127 00:06:53,360 --> 00:06:58,760 Speaker 2: Bisc bisk okay, it like b I s q u. 128 00:06:58,839 --> 00:07:03,599 Speaker 1: E, exactly like a tomato, shrimp, lobster, lobster. That's the 129 00:07:03,680 --> 00:07:04,720 Speaker 1: money one, sure. 130 00:07:05,480 --> 00:07:07,400 Speaker 2: Although a lot of times that stuff's lang astino. 131 00:07:07,520 --> 00:07:09,640 Speaker 1: You know, I didn't know that. 132 00:07:10,400 --> 00:07:12,320 Speaker 3: Yeah, I mean, if you go to like a really 133 00:07:12,920 --> 00:07:14,880 Speaker 3: high price seafood restaurant, it'll be real lobster. 134 00:07:14,960 --> 00:07:16,440 Speaker 2: But that lango is a pretty good sub. 135 00:07:16,720 --> 00:07:18,640 Speaker 1: Is that a rock lobster langostina? 136 00:07:19,480 --> 00:07:21,280 Speaker 3: No, it's I think it's just like a little tiny 137 00:07:23,240 --> 00:07:26,960 Speaker 3: a little tiny guy like. I mean, it looks like 138 00:07:27,000 --> 00:07:29,480 Speaker 3: lobster meat, but it's they're little, you know, it's like 139 00:07:29,520 --> 00:07:30,400 Speaker 3: a shrimp size. 140 00:07:30,960 --> 00:07:33,680 Speaker 1: Oh okay, okay, yeah, I've seen those before. 141 00:07:34,160 --> 00:07:36,320 Speaker 3: I've never seen a langostina though, now that you mentioned, 142 00:07:36,360 --> 00:07:37,320 Speaker 3: I've never looked that up. 143 00:07:37,800 --> 00:07:39,520 Speaker 2: I think I see what the creature looks like. 144 00:07:40,240 --> 00:07:42,080 Speaker 1: Yeah, i'd like to see that too. I've only seen 145 00:07:42,120 --> 00:07:44,600 Speaker 1: it dead. I think that's what grabs everyone's face is 146 00:07:44,680 --> 00:07:47,960 Speaker 1: in Beetle Juice and during the Calypso scene. 147 00:07:48,000 --> 00:07:51,000 Speaker 3: All right, Well, I mentioned earlier before they break about 148 00:07:51,040 --> 00:07:54,960 Speaker 3: porcelain tile. It's very hearty tile for a flooring or 149 00:07:55,000 --> 00:07:59,360 Speaker 3: the wall, but if you're cutting porcelain tile, you're probably 150 00:07:59,400 --> 00:08:02,200 Speaker 3: gonna need a tile saw. We talked about wet saals 151 00:08:02,240 --> 00:08:05,880 Speaker 3: before they're wet because they are moving at such high 152 00:08:05,880 --> 00:08:09,440 Speaker 3: speeds and drawing so much heat that the water cools 153 00:08:09,480 --> 00:08:13,080 Speaker 3: off that blade. And there's a couple of ways you 154 00:08:13,080 --> 00:08:16,120 Speaker 3: can actually form that tile. If it's up to like 155 00:08:16,440 --> 00:08:20,520 Speaker 3: four feet by four feet, you basically have a special mold. 156 00:08:20,880 --> 00:08:23,600 Speaker 3: But anything bigger than that and you're compacting it like 157 00:08:23,920 --> 00:08:27,200 Speaker 3: just pressing layers and layers of ceramic powder until you 158 00:08:27,280 --> 00:08:29,200 Speaker 3: get your desired size. 159 00:08:29,440 --> 00:08:31,880 Speaker 1: Yeah, with a big old machine. Right. 160 00:08:32,760 --> 00:08:33,080 Speaker 2: Yes. 161 00:08:33,559 --> 00:08:37,320 Speaker 1: So there's a few reasons that people prize porcelain. For one, 162 00:08:37,480 --> 00:08:40,880 Speaker 1: it can be really really valuable, as we'll see. But also, 163 00:08:41,080 --> 00:08:44,160 Speaker 1: like I said, it's an all natural material, like a 164 00:08:44,200 --> 00:08:47,000 Speaker 1: lot of the glazed colors that they use in glazing 165 00:08:47,040 --> 00:08:52,840 Speaker 1: are like cobalt, iron oxide copper, like the raw materials 166 00:08:52,840 --> 00:08:56,640 Speaker 1: are things like clay and feldspar. It's really easy to clean, 167 00:08:57,160 --> 00:09:01,280 Speaker 1: as you know with a toilet, very resistant wolden bacterial growth. 168 00:09:01,400 --> 00:09:04,840 Speaker 1: As you know with the toilet, it's water resistant, you know, 169 00:09:05,160 --> 00:09:08,160 Speaker 1: like a toilet is. It's good for foot traffic like 170 00:09:08,200 --> 00:09:13,240 Speaker 1: a toilet, and it doesn't emit harmful substances like a toilet. 171 00:09:14,600 --> 00:09:17,360 Speaker 1: It can also be recycled, but that is a real 172 00:09:17,679 --> 00:09:22,280 Speaker 1: niche I guess method or technique, like you can't just 173 00:09:22,320 --> 00:09:26,480 Speaker 1: throw porcelain into your single stream recycling can Yeah, you 174 00:09:26,520 --> 00:09:28,520 Speaker 1: have to go seek out somebody who recycles it. But 175 00:09:29,280 --> 00:09:32,000 Speaker 1: the very fact that it's recyclable gives it kind of 176 00:09:32,000 --> 00:09:34,080 Speaker 1: promise for the future as we get better and better 177 00:09:34,480 --> 00:09:36,079 Speaker 1: creating a circular economy. 178 00:09:36,720 --> 00:09:39,120 Speaker 3: That's right, you mentioned how valuable it can be. The 179 00:09:39,600 --> 00:09:43,920 Speaker 3: world auction record for Chinese porcelain was set about, I 180 00:09:43,960 --> 00:09:48,240 Speaker 3: don't know in twenty fourteen when the Mayan Tang chicken 181 00:09:48,240 --> 00:09:53,680 Speaker 3: cup was sold for thirty six million dollars. And you 182 00:09:53,720 --> 00:09:56,080 Speaker 3: know why is anything valuable is because there's not many 183 00:09:56,080 --> 00:09:59,760 Speaker 3: of them. It was crafted between fourteen sixty five and 184 00:10:00,040 --> 00:10:03,840 Speaker 3: eighty seven, when porcelain was just peaking at its quality, 185 00:10:03,880 --> 00:10:06,760 Speaker 3: but they were producing the lowest amount, so it's just 186 00:10:06,840 --> 00:10:09,840 Speaker 3: super rare. So that's why it fetched thirty six million. 187 00:10:10,280 --> 00:10:13,199 Speaker 1: Yes, And that also points something out about porcelain too, 188 00:10:13,240 --> 00:10:14,960 Speaker 1: is if you take good care of it, it's so 189 00:10:15,080 --> 00:10:18,839 Speaker 1: durable it can last thousands of years, so at least 190 00:10:18,880 --> 00:10:21,800 Speaker 1: a thousand years as far as we know. And there's 191 00:10:21,840 --> 00:10:25,840 Speaker 1: like people are into porcelain, like collecting tableware or vases 192 00:10:26,040 --> 00:10:28,840 Speaker 1: or things like that, and so there's like a whole 193 00:10:28,880 --> 00:10:31,439 Speaker 1: world out there available to you to get into born 194 00:10:31,559 --> 00:10:36,880 Speaker 1: bone porcelain, hard paste, soft paste, well basically those kind 195 00:10:36,960 --> 00:10:39,080 Speaker 1: And if this thing floated your boat at all, I 196 00:10:39,120 --> 00:10:42,200 Speaker 1: think good luck with your new hobby. 197 00:10:42,679 --> 00:10:44,880 Speaker 2: Yeah for sure. I mean you said bone porcelain. 198 00:10:44,880 --> 00:10:47,959 Speaker 3: If you've ever heard bone china, that was something that 199 00:10:48,080 --> 00:10:51,400 Speaker 3: English did, and that's actual bone. They I think when 200 00:10:51,400 --> 00:10:53,320 Speaker 3: they were sort of first searching out how to make 201 00:10:53,360 --> 00:10:55,680 Speaker 3: this stuff, they before they cracked the code, they would 202 00:10:55,760 --> 00:10:57,760 Speaker 3: use like eggshell and stuff like that to no avail, 203 00:10:58,640 --> 00:11:02,520 Speaker 3: and finally they landed on actual human bone ground down 204 00:11:02,960 --> 00:11:04,320 Speaker 3: obviously a very strong thing. 205 00:11:04,679 --> 00:11:07,880 Speaker 2: Bone ash would be not from humans, apparently from. 206 00:11:07,720 --> 00:11:11,960 Speaker 3: Farm animals, and it would really strengthen that stuff. And 207 00:11:12,640 --> 00:11:14,240 Speaker 3: bone china you don't have to fire is how you 208 00:11:14,240 --> 00:11:15,960 Speaker 3: can fire at lower temps. 209 00:11:16,120 --> 00:11:17,080 Speaker 2: It's just not as strong. 210 00:11:17,600 --> 00:11:20,280 Speaker 1: There is no way that in the history of bone china, 211 00:11:20,640 --> 00:11:22,920 Speaker 1: no psycho has made it with human bones. 212 00:11:23,280 --> 00:11:28,960 Speaker 2: Yeah, that's a good point. Are you enjoying your coffee exactly? 213 00:11:29,760 --> 00:11:32,200 Speaker 1: Oh man, Chuck made me giggle. I mean, short stuff 214 00:11:32,240 --> 00:11:32,600 Speaker 1: is out. 215 00:11:33,280 --> 00:11:35,360 Speaker 2: Hey wait a minute, can we say goodbye for the year? 216 00:11:35,440 --> 00:11:39,840 Speaker 1: Oh wait, yeah, yes, thank you, Chuck, I say we 217 00:11:39,880 --> 00:11:40,400 Speaker 1: do that too. 218 00:11:41,360 --> 00:11:41,840 Speaker 2: Goodbye. 219 00:11:41,880 --> 00:11:45,040 Speaker 3: No, in all seriousness, and we want to thank everyone 220 00:11:45,080 --> 00:11:49,520 Speaker 3: for another great year. Somehow here in your seventeen we're 221 00:11:50,040 --> 00:11:52,160 Speaker 3: enjoying things as much or more than we ever have, 222 00:11:52,240 --> 00:11:54,280 Speaker 3: which is hard to believe and pretty wonderful for us. 223 00:11:55,080 --> 00:11:58,600 Speaker 3: And you know, big thanks to Dave and Ben and 224 00:11:58,679 --> 00:12:03,280 Speaker 3: Jerry of course, and everyone who contributes his writers, you know, 225 00:12:03,440 --> 00:12:06,080 Speaker 3: Julia and Anna and. 226 00:12:06,360 --> 00:12:09,560 Speaker 2: Olivia, Olivia and Dave and Kyle. 227 00:12:09,679 --> 00:12:12,280 Speaker 3: I think that's everybody right now, right it is. Yeah, 228 00:12:12,640 --> 00:12:14,160 Speaker 3: we can thank the grabster for the old days. 229 00:12:14,200 --> 00:12:16,640 Speaker 1: Even there you go, he comes up and selects sometimes 230 00:12:16,679 --> 00:12:17,719 Speaker 1: to Doney. 231 00:12:17,640 --> 00:12:18,319 Speaker 2: Yeah, for sure. 232 00:12:18,440 --> 00:12:20,559 Speaker 3: So I just want to say thanks for everyone for 233 00:12:20,960 --> 00:12:24,280 Speaker 3: keeping us employed and what's for me, the greatest job 234 00:12:24,280 --> 00:12:25,080 Speaker 3: in the world means. 235 00:12:24,960 --> 00:12:29,480 Speaker 1: A lot, agreed. I second, Chuck, and yeah, thank you everybody. 236 00:12:29,760 --> 00:12:32,320 Speaker 1: Thanks for another great year, and we'll see you next 237 00:12:32,400 --> 00:12:36,360 Speaker 1: year for another great year. And now with short stuff out, Yeah, 238 00:12:36,400 --> 00:12:37,280 Speaker 1: short stuff is out. 239 00:12:40,800 --> 00:12:43,120 Speaker 2: Stuff you should Know is a production of iHeartRadio. 240 00:12:43,600 --> 00:12:46,800 Speaker 3: For more podcasts my heart Radio, visit the iHeartRadio app, 241 00:12:47,000 --> 00:12:47,960 Speaker 3: Apple Podcasts 242 00:12:48,080 --> 00:12:54,240 Speaker 1: Or wherever you listen to your favorite shows.