WEBVTT - SYSK Selects: How Cockroaches Work 0:00:00.040 --> 0:00:03.239 M how do you everybody? This is Chuck and welcome 0:00:03.279 --> 0:00:06.520 to this weekend Stuff You Should Know Selects episode. Uh. 0:00:06.600 --> 0:00:12.440 This week, I'm picking how Cockroaches Work from August. You 0:00:12.440 --> 0:00:15.800 have heard Josh and I debate over the years about cockroaches, 0:00:16.239 --> 0:00:18.439 the fact that they are one of the few insects 0:00:18.840 --> 0:00:22.680 that I will stomp and kill with great enthusiasm, whereas 0:00:22.720 --> 0:00:25.640 I believe Josh is on the record as saying he 0:00:25.760 --> 0:00:28.840 will not and he will try and relocate them. Crazy 0:00:28.880 --> 0:00:31.760 talk to me. That cock roach will do nothing but 0:00:31.920 --> 0:00:33.879 spend the rest of his life trying to get back 0:00:33.920 --> 0:00:37.200 in your home to poop all over your stuff. So 0:00:37.680 --> 0:00:40.520 this is a good episode though, How cock Roaches Work. 0:00:40.720 --> 0:00:54.240 Enjoy it right now. Welcome to Stuff You Should Know 0:00:54.840 --> 0:01:03.160 from How Stuff Works dots dot com. Hey, and welcome 0:01:03.200 --> 0:01:05.760 to the podcast. I'm Josh Clark and Charles W. Chuck 0:01:05.760 --> 0:01:08.160 Bryant is with me. He's got his glasses on, he's 0:01:08.160 --> 0:01:10.520 got his hair shorn, his fingernails are chewed down to 0:01:10.560 --> 0:01:13.160 the quick. He's ready to go. I was hoping we 0:01:13.200 --> 0:01:16.920 could open the show with Lakukaracha playing in the background. Well, 0:01:17.760 --> 0:01:19.200 oh yeah, we can't. I don't know if we can 0:01:19.319 --> 0:01:22.360 or not. I can't know. There's no way we can't. Well, 0:01:22.400 --> 0:01:25.240 hold on, let's let's humme it. We could probably do that, right, 0:01:25.560 --> 0:01:28.520 that's lane. People just imagine in your heads that you're 0:01:28.560 --> 0:01:32.319 sipping a margharita and some mariachi bands playing lukukaracha right now. 0:01:32.560 --> 0:01:36.840 Not to be confused with tequila no, which is similar. Now. 0:01:37.640 --> 0:01:40.160 I always confused it too, really well, not want to 0:01:40.200 --> 0:01:42.440 hear him, but like if I think of la kukaracha 0:01:42.720 --> 0:01:45.200 like I often think of peewee dancing on the bar, 0:01:45.600 --> 0:01:48.120 then I'm like, oh, yeah, this tequila right. But you 0:01:48.160 --> 0:01:52.640 know what Luca lookukarat is about. I assumed cockroaches, but 0:01:52.680 --> 0:01:54.720 probably not. No, a cockroach who's lost one of his 0:01:54.840 --> 0:01:58.240 legs and is having a hard time. I just found 0:01:58.280 --> 0:02:00.600 that out today. I did not know that. Look at me. 0:02:01.040 --> 0:02:03.440 I didn't either until like just a few hours ago. Chuck, 0:02:03.640 --> 0:02:10.520 I was once like, you naive to the way of alright, 0:02:10.560 --> 0:02:14.280 so we talked about lakukarata as you'd hoped you feel good. Yeah, 0:02:14.760 --> 0:02:18.360 have you ever seen the X Files episode with the cockroaches? 0:02:19.960 --> 0:02:22.960 I don't know. Oh, it is perfect. It's one of 0:02:23.000 --> 0:02:26.040 the top five, and it's not even like a part 0:02:26.040 --> 0:02:29.720 of the part of the big, bigger picture. Once it's 0:02:29.760 --> 0:02:31.720 like its own thing. Yeah, they have the name for 0:02:31.760 --> 0:02:34.400 those episodes. I can't remember what it's called. But like 0:02:34.440 --> 0:02:36.040 when it's just about a shape shift or and it 0:02:36.040 --> 0:02:40.320 has nothing to do with the overarching conspiracy, Yeah, it's 0:02:40.360 --> 0:02:43.200 one of those, and it's just about cockroaches and a 0:02:43.240 --> 0:02:46.880 cockroach infestation that may or may not exist. But at 0:02:46.919 --> 0:02:49.520 one point, like it's getting really like the cockroaches are 0:02:49.560 --> 0:02:52.160 everywhere and like everybody's starting to go a little crazy 0:02:52.160 --> 0:02:57.000 and all that, and they um digitized cockroach like crawling 0:02:57.040 --> 0:03:00.960 across your TV screen like obviously not part of the scene, 0:03:01.320 --> 0:03:03.560 and it looks like it was on your screen, so 0:03:03.680 --> 0:03:06.440 like you're it looks like there's a cockroach in your house. 0:03:07.400 --> 0:03:10.000 It was, it was. It's a good episode. Yeah, I 0:03:10.040 --> 0:03:11.600 was late on the X Files. I didn't watch it 0:03:11.639 --> 0:03:13.520 when it was out, And then when I moved to 0:03:13.560 --> 0:03:17.080 New Jersey they started doing reruns and Justin I was 0:03:17.120 --> 0:03:19.360 living at the time, was like you never watched X Files. 0:03:19.960 --> 0:03:22.120 It was like no, And then it was on every night. 0:03:23.000 --> 0:03:25.080 I watched the crap out of it. That did you 0:03:25.080 --> 0:03:28.200 see the Charles Nelson Riley one where he's like an 0:03:28.280 --> 0:03:31.239 art it's Jose Chunks from outer Space. I remember where, Like, 0:03:31.280 --> 0:03:34.320 could Jessie the Body Venture and Alex Trebecker in it? Really, 0:03:34.480 --> 0:03:36.400 I didn't know. I must not have seen them all 0:03:36.400 --> 0:03:38.680 because I was catching them on reruns. You didn't see 0:03:38.680 --> 0:03:41.440 like some of the best ones. Go see go watch 0:03:41.480 --> 0:03:44.640 those two. I know you have access to them. All right, Okay, 0:03:45.000 --> 0:03:49.760 done so. Um, we're talking cockroaches here and apparently also 0:03:50.040 --> 0:03:55.280 Jessie the Body Ventura. Um, did you know, Chuck? The 0:03:55.400 --> 0:04:02.400 cockroaches are extremely clean insects. Well always said the same 0:04:02.440 --> 0:04:06.880 thing about vultures. They are personally clean. Apparently they do 0:04:07.040 --> 0:04:12.080 track a lot of germs spread disease. They apparently leave 0:04:12.160 --> 0:04:14.880 a trail of fecal material everywhere they go because it's 0:04:14.920 --> 0:04:17.200 like a bit of bread crumbs for them to follow back. 0:04:17.560 --> 0:04:22.000 They spread bacteria of course in that fecal material. Um, 0:04:22.040 --> 0:04:25.400 there are proteins that set off up to six of 0:04:25.640 --> 0:04:30.320 allergy sufferers allergies. They'll eat garbage and waste, They'll they'll 0:04:30.360 --> 0:04:34.320 crawl on poop that your dog laid down in the 0:04:34.400 --> 0:04:37.640 yard and eat it if your dog doesn't need it first. 0:04:37.920 --> 0:04:42.440 And yet a cockroach itself is very clean because they're 0:04:42.480 --> 0:04:48.480 extremely um intense groomers. First of all, they keep their 0:04:48.520 --> 0:04:52.480 antenna clean because they have a fatty secretion or some 0:04:52.520 --> 0:04:55.200 sort of secretion that if they don't clean it off, 0:04:55.240 --> 0:04:58.760 we'll block their antenna from sensing things. So they constantly 0:04:58.760 --> 0:05:00.960 clean their antenna. But apparent only they also cleaned their 0:05:00.960 --> 0:05:03.560 feet and everything. And I read about a study. It 0:05:03.680 --> 0:05:07.320 was just pretty almost anecdotal. It was so outside of 0:05:07.320 --> 0:05:12.080 the scientific method. But um, they took a swab from 0:05:12.120 --> 0:05:15.560 a guy's hands who hadn't washed his hands for two hours, 0:05:16.240 --> 0:05:20.000 and they took a swab off of the foot or tarsus, 0:05:20.040 --> 0:05:23.120 i should say, of a cockroach who had been walking 0:05:23.160 --> 0:05:25.880 through garbage. And then two hours later they took a 0:05:25.920 --> 0:05:29.520 swab and um, they put it in culture and the 0:05:29.600 --> 0:05:34.480 guy grew way more bacteria than the cockroaches culture did 0:05:34.680 --> 0:05:37.680 I don't care, which means that that man is dirt 0:05:37.800 --> 0:05:41.080 year than a cockroach. They proved it. I would still 0:05:41.120 --> 0:05:44.039 smash the cockroach with my flip flop. See, I don't 0:05:44.080 --> 0:05:46.440 believe there's a there's a sect out there, and I 0:05:46.480 --> 0:05:50.599 don't know if it's Hinduism or Jainism. It's one of 0:05:50.640 --> 0:05:55.120 those two where the the monks of this sect um 0:05:55.400 --> 0:05:59.120 carry little brooms hand brooms to kind of brush everything 0:05:59.200 --> 0:06:03.200 off wherever they sit so they don't accidentally kill even 0:06:03.240 --> 0:06:07.840 the tiniest Think that's great, and I kind of agree 0:06:07.880 --> 0:06:10.000 with that. I think everything is a right to life. Now, 0:06:10.080 --> 0:06:13.760 you have been on record on this very show talking 0:06:13.839 --> 0:06:17.680 about killing cockroaches because the way they skitter. No, no, no, 0:06:17.720 --> 0:06:24.080 not cockroaches. I am down with killing mosquitoes and ticks. No, 0:06:24.160 --> 0:06:27.400 you talked about the cockroaches. I don't kill cockroaches. You 0:06:27.520 --> 0:06:29.440 talked very much about how fast they are and how 0:06:29.440 --> 0:06:32.080 they skitter and how that freaks you out. I don't 0:06:32.160 --> 0:06:34.640 kill them. No, I don't kill roaches. I'm telling you, 0:06:34.680 --> 0:06:37.360 like I defy you to find the time stamp. All right, 0:06:37.520 --> 0:06:41.040 somebody please help me. Okay, Um, I will kill the 0:06:41.120 --> 0:06:47.400 crap out of a mosquito, a cockroach, and um I 0:06:47.440 --> 0:06:51.200 will generally shoe a fly. Now, I'll kill flies. I 0:06:51.240 --> 0:06:54.400 generally won't kill a fly because they're not a big problem. 0:06:54.440 --> 0:06:57.120 But you don't have flies around you all the time now, 0:06:58.960 --> 0:07:03.920 But mosquitoes and cockroaches I will kill. And that's about it. Yeah, 0:07:04.040 --> 0:07:08.440 everything else right to life. Cockroaches, you must die. So 0:07:08.600 --> 0:07:12.840 cockroaches are Um, I guess they understand that Chuck wants 0:07:12.880 --> 0:07:15.480 them to die. Many people do. They're very disliked, right, 0:07:16.240 --> 0:07:20.400 which has possibly accounted for them evolving to be really 0:07:20.440 --> 0:07:25.640 difficult to kill. For one, they're nocturnal, so they're hiding 0:07:25.760 --> 0:07:29.640 away from us when we're up because we're diurnal, which 0:07:29.680 --> 0:07:34.560 is the opposite of nocturnal. Yeah. Um, they have sensors, 0:07:35.120 --> 0:07:38.600 little sensors in there. Um, we'll get to that spoiler. 0:07:39.200 --> 0:07:43.280 They run really fast, they do. They reproduce extremely quickly. 0:07:44.240 --> 0:07:47.760 And there's more than four thousand species of cockroach. So 0:07:47.760 --> 0:07:50.160 you would think the whole rule would be infested with cockroaches, 0:07:50.360 --> 0:07:54.040 but not true. It's actually mainly just one species, the 0:07:54.160 --> 0:07:59.440 German cockroach, that is uh accountable for most infestations in 0:07:59.560 --> 0:08:02.520 homes around the world. That's right. That is one of 0:08:02.560 --> 0:08:06.440 the four main species that you might see, the German, 0:08:06.640 --> 0:08:09.560 The American a k. A. Palmetto bug, which are they 0:08:09.600 --> 0:08:12.960 can get big. Oh yeah, man creepy. There's one man 0:08:13.040 --> 0:08:14.800 that like in South America. It's like as big as 0:08:14.840 --> 0:08:20.600 your hand, six inches launch one foot wing diameters. The 0:08:20.640 --> 0:08:24.920 brown banded cocka roach and the Oriental cocka roach um 0:08:25.040 --> 0:08:27.920 are the four that you're likely to come across in 0:08:27.960 --> 0:08:30.800 your life. And the German cockroach an American are the 0:08:30.800 --> 0:08:33.480 ones you're gonna see here in the United States. And 0:08:33.480 --> 0:08:37.560 they have been brought here by you because they get 0:08:37.640 --> 0:08:39.720 that you know, they're not obviously gonna fly from continent. 0:08:39.760 --> 0:08:42.680 In the continent, they hit trides on airplanes and boats 0:08:42.720 --> 0:08:46.880 and getting chipping containers and in your mouth, moving boxes 0:08:46.920 --> 0:08:52.520 and ghosery bags, and they are ubiquitous, and they, like 0:08:52.720 --> 0:08:56.480 all insects, are most insects, they do a service. Most 0:08:56.520 --> 0:08:57.840 of them are going to be out in the woods 0:08:58.520 --> 0:09:00.800 like chewing stuff and pooping it out and being a 0:09:00.800 --> 0:09:03.960 part of the ecosystem. Um. But it's the ones in 0:09:04.000 --> 0:09:07.920 the home that really freaked people out right. And Chuck, 0:09:08.200 --> 0:09:11.000 I think one of the more fascinating things. And by 0:09:11.040 --> 0:09:13.040 the way, Rod just turned out to be pretty fascinating, 0:09:13.080 --> 0:09:15.679 even more than I expect him. I just thought there 0:09:15.679 --> 0:09:17.640 were a few things that were fascinating where you creeped out, 0:09:17.679 --> 0:09:20.120 like reading this or do so it's not like that 0:09:20.200 --> 0:09:23.920 you just hate them, Yeah, I mean there, it's like 0:09:24.000 --> 0:09:26.280 you previously talked about that you deny it's The way 0:09:26.320 --> 0:09:29.400 they move and how fast they are is what creeps 0:09:29.400 --> 0:09:33.000 me out. And like, there's no greater fear than laying 0:09:33.000 --> 0:09:35.960 in bed and seeing one on the ceiling above you, 0:09:37.120 --> 0:09:39.559 just waiting for it to fall into your mouth. Yeah, 0:09:39.600 --> 0:09:42.360 but apparently they are pretty good at not falling off 0:09:42.360 --> 0:09:45.920 of the ceiling. That's true. Um, And they've had a 0:09:45.920 --> 0:09:48.920 long time to practice this kind of stuff. They've been 0:09:48.960 --> 0:09:54.400 around for about three twenty million years, longer than dinosaurs, 0:09:54.559 --> 0:09:57.760 way longer than dinosats they survived that extinction event they did, 0:09:58.280 --> 0:10:01.280 and well, well let's talk about it, tuck. Just how 0:10:01.360 --> 0:10:05.280 much of an extinction event can a cockroach survive? Can 0:10:05.360 --> 0:10:10.200 they survive a nuclear fallout? A nuclear war that would 0:10:10.240 --> 0:10:13.520 kill all humans? Could a cockroach survive as they are 0:10:13.559 --> 0:10:18.600 rumored to? Uh? Maybe that's sadly, it's like, we don't 0:10:18.640 --> 0:10:23.520 know because that hasn't happened. Not sadly, thankfully that hasn't happened. 0:10:24.920 --> 0:10:27.800 But um, the answer is some people say maybe, some 0:10:27.840 --> 0:10:30.559 people say maybe not. Um. What we definitely know is 0:10:30.600 --> 0:10:34.559 they probably could not survive the nuclear winter because they 0:10:34.600 --> 0:10:38.000 like warm, moist places, right, and the nuclear winter would 0:10:38.080 --> 0:10:41.040 not be good for cockroaches. Apparently, they're less susceptible the 0:10:41.160 --> 0:10:46.400 radiation poisoning and humans are, but more than most insects. 0:10:47.040 --> 0:10:49.200 So as far as insects goes, they might not be 0:10:49.240 --> 0:10:54.920 the best candidate, right, Uh yeah, so maybe, but probably not. 0:10:55.480 --> 0:10:57.720 I'm kind of on that side that they probably wouldn't 0:10:57.720 --> 0:11:00.960 survive a nuclear war, so we're time at radiation though 0:11:01.000 --> 0:11:06.640 not like the blast obviously that would kill everything, you know. Um, alright, 0:11:06.679 --> 0:11:11.240 so they survived the dinosaurs extinction event. They have been 0:11:11.280 --> 0:11:15.240 around for three million years. They are very hearty little insects. 0:11:16.040 --> 0:11:19.760 Let's talk a little bit about their bodies. They're creepy, 0:11:19.880 --> 0:11:24.079 little crunchy bodies. So um, most of them are between 0:11:24.400 --> 0:11:27.319 two inch half an inch and two inches long. They're 0:11:27.360 --> 0:11:30.199 brown or black usually, and that length is minus their 0:11:30.240 --> 0:11:33.120 intended This is just their bodies, you don't. And their 0:11:33.120 --> 0:11:36.559 heads point downward, like, as Tracy Wilson, who wrote this 0:11:36.640 --> 0:11:39.920 article points out, almost as if they're built for ramming. Yeah, 0:11:40.040 --> 0:11:42.280 or just searching for stuff, you know, it's another way 0:11:42.320 --> 0:11:43.959 to look at it. The males are the ones that 0:11:44.040 --> 0:11:47.199 have wings. Females may have wings, but their vestigial wings 0:11:47.200 --> 0:11:51.040 they can't fly with them. Males can fly not very 0:11:51.080 --> 0:11:54.199 well though, which makes them even more horrific when the 0:11:54.280 --> 0:11:57.079 palmetto bug a big ones flying at your face because 0:11:57.160 --> 0:12:00.400 you know he has no control exactly. Yeah, man, it's 0:12:00.400 --> 0:12:02.480 sort of like the cicada. Like they're I don't think 0:12:02.520 --> 0:12:05.439 their wind wings were made for flying, but if they 0:12:05.520 --> 0:12:07.440 jump off of something high, they can help them a 0:12:07.440 --> 0:12:11.600 little bit uh to glide perhaps and not like hit 0:12:11.640 --> 0:12:15.440 the ground is hard um short distances basically, and their 0:12:15.800 --> 0:12:20.080 their insects, which means that they have three main body regions, 0:12:20.120 --> 0:12:22.719 the head, the thorax, and the abdomen. They have an 0:12:22.720 --> 0:12:26.400 exo skeleton that they mold as they grow, and they 0:12:26.480 --> 0:12:29.240 mold a number of times, depending on the cockroach species, 0:12:29.800 --> 0:12:31.440 over the course of a couple of weeks or over 0:12:31.440 --> 0:12:33.440 the course of a couple of years, and their lifespans 0:12:33.480 --> 0:12:38.000 also are um uh in step with that molting schedule. Um. 0:12:38.040 --> 0:12:40.880 But they cockroache will mold several times over its life 0:12:40.880 --> 0:12:44.000 before it becomes an adult. Yes, and when they molt, um, 0:12:44.000 --> 0:12:45.720 it's the same thing as when they're born. They're gonna 0:12:45.720 --> 0:12:49.400 look white and um that's probably kind of creepy looking. 0:12:49.440 --> 0:12:52.200 I've never seen a molted cockroach like a skinless cockroach 0:12:52.280 --> 0:12:55.400 it's like the Lady and Hell Raiser before she fully 0:12:55.440 --> 0:12:59.280 gets all of her skin, right. Uh, and uh, they're 0:12:59.280 --> 0:13:02.559 they're pretty uptible two injury and death obviously when but 0:13:02.840 --> 0:13:07.520 when after they've molted before bursicon, which is a hormone, 0:13:07.640 --> 0:13:11.240 makes their exoskeleton hard and dark once again. Then they 0:13:11.280 --> 0:13:14.000 have their little armor um, which is no match for 0:13:14.040 --> 0:13:18.400 a flip flop. Uh. They can regrow lost limbs when 0:13:18.440 --> 0:13:20.839 it molts, which is pretty cool, and they can even 0:13:20.880 --> 0:13:22.640 put molting off for a little while in order to 0:13:22.720 --> 0:13:27.040 regrow a lost limb um in their head. Let's go 0:13:27.080 --> 0:13:30.120 over their head. They have eyes and their antenna, which 0:13:30.120 --> 0:13:33.040 we've talked about, which we'll get into more specifically. And 0:13:33.200 --> 0:13:36.280 there Tracy loves saying mouth parts. She writes a lot 0:13:36.320 --> 0:13:41.400 of these articles. Yeah, she she will never just say mouths. Yeah, 0:13:41.400 --> 0:13:44.560 it's not a true mouth apparently, it's yeah, a mouth part. Yeah. 0:13:44.840 --> 0:13:47.600 They do have brains, by the way, and they are. 0:13:47.800 --> 0:13:50.599 The brain is in the head. But the brain is 0:13:50.720 --> 0:13:52.679 not like a human or a mammal brain. It's not 0:13:52.920 --> 0:13:55.319 doing It's like it's not connected to a big central 0:13:55.360 --> 0:13:57.400 nervous system or anything like that. Right, there is a 0:13:57.679 --> 0:14:00.520 central nervous system that it's not in the head. There's 0:14:00.600 --> 0:14:06.200 a h it's some sort of ganglia um that allows 0:14:06.280 --> 0:14:09.200 the roach to continue living for up to a week 0:14:09.440 --> 0:14:11.600 after it loses its head. Yeah, this is a pretty 0:14:11.600 --> 0:14:14.880 good roach fact. Okay, I think, okay, um. So you 0:14:14.960 --> 0:14:16.839 can cut a roach his head off and it will 0:14:16.880 --> 0:14:18.920 live for a week and do all the normal things 0:14:18.960 --> 0:14:20.880 that a roach does for a week, and then when 0:14:20.880 --> 0:14:25.960 it finally dies, it dies because of thirst. Yeah. Yeah, 0:14:25.960 --> 0:14:28.080 because they they actually breathe. They don't breathe through the 0:14:28.120 --> 0:14:31.160 nose and mouth. They breathe through their sides. There's little 0:14:31.200 --> 0:14:35.040 holes in their side called spiricles and trachea tubes deliver 0:14:35.120 --> 0:14:38.120 the oxygen to the organs and tissues through their sides. 0:14:38.200 --> 0:14:40.720 So there's you know, cut off the head and it 0:14:40.840 --> 0:14:43.800 just dies of thirst. Yeah, which is my new favorite game. 0:14:45.160 --> 0:14:49.480 Actually that's not true, because that's like future serial killer stuff. 0:14:49.960 --> 0:14:52.760 It is like you torture cockroaches, and you torture animals, 0:14:52.800 --> 0:14:55.640 and you torture humans. Once you've moved down to the chipmunks, 0:14:55.720 --> 0:14:58.520 it's probably beyond the point of no return. You're a 0:14:58.560 --> 0:15:02.880 bad person. Jeffrey Dahmer orchard animals. He would lay down 0:15:03.720 --> 0:15:06.240 and Uh, like he would come across the dead deer 0:15:06.320 --> 0:15:07.880 in the forest and like lay down with it and 0:15:07.960 --> 0:15:10.480 spoon with it. It's like a Johnny Depp and Dead Man. 0:15:11.760 --> 0:15:14.200 Did he do that? Did the exact same thing? Well, 0:15:14.280 --> 0:15:16.720 maybe he was a serial killer. I don't think he was. 0:15:17.040 --> 0:15:20.160 He was a killer, but not a serial killer. That 0:15:20.280 --> 0:15:22.400 just shows how messed up Dahmer was that man. Yeah, 0:15:22.680 --> 0:15:25.000 to like that was a connection to him was like 0:15:25.360 --> 0:16:01.760 holding this dead animal, all right, like the cockroaches. Um, 0:16:02.320 --> 0:16:05.040 so that's the head. Yeah, let's talk about their eyes. 0:16:05.920 --> 0:16:08.760 Their eyes are compound eyes. Um so they see the 0:16:08.800 --> 0:16:11.440 world in a mosaic like a fly. Like a fly, 0:16:12.840 --> 0:16:16.760 all right, So we talked about their eyes. I actually 0:16:16.840 --> 0:16:19.560 asked Tracy today, I was like, you, you wrote a 0:16:19.640 --> 0:16:23.920 bunch of insect articles. Didn't you ever get sick about 0:16:24.000 --> 0:16:28.200 talking about the head, the abdomen, the thorax, mouthparts, the legs. 0:16:28.560 --> 0:16:31.880 They're all the same for insections, No they're not. They 0:16:31.920 --> 0:16:33.920 all have these they're all the same, but they all 0:16:33.960 --> 0:16:37.120 have different little adaptations that make them different. I was like, 0:16:37.240 --> 0:16:39.800 how did you not get tired of it? She said, 0:16:39.840 --> 0:16:42.240 she was fascinated the whole time. She said, san x 0:16:44.280 --> 0:16:48.040 that's trable. Nit, that's tracy of stuff you miss in 0:16:48.080 --> 0:16:51.560 history class, by the way, plug plug. Um. So we 0:16:51.600 --> 0:16:54.200 talked about the antenna. They are movable and they are 0:16:54.520 --> 0:17:00.320 known as antennal flagella, and uh, they're actually tiny, tiny 0:17:00.360 --> 0:17:04.480 little hair covered segments and like it's it's thicker where 0:17:04.520 --> 0:17:06.040 it attaches at the head, and it gets thinner and 0:17:06.080 --> 0:17:08.560 thinner and thinner until it's just like a human hair 0:17:08.600 --> 0:17:12.560 almost at the end. And these things since, um, they 0:17:12.640 --> 0:17:15.560 smell sort of right, Yeah, they basically I guess, uh 0:17:16.400 --> 0:17:22.800 sense pheromones. Yeah, the there you have it. They sense pheromones, 0:17:22.880 --> 0:17:26.840 they pick up odors. I think they they're pretty finally 0:17:26.880 --> 0:17:29.679 attuned to the environment. Yeah, but that's like really how 0:17:29.680 --> 0:17:33.760 they're getting around, right, Like, even though they have eyes, 0:17:33.880 --> 0:17:38.000 isn't the antenna really the secret? I believe? So okay, um, chuck, 0:17:38.040 --> 0:17:42.560 you want to talk about mouthparts? Yes, Um, they are 0:17:42.760 --> 0:17:45.280 a lot different than mammals, as Tracy points out, Um, 0:17:45.400 --> 0:17:48.200 but they do have parts that sort of are akin 0:17:48.320 --> 0:17:52.360 to how mammals mouths work. For instance, there's a laborum 0:17:52.760 --> 0:17:57.440 and labium and they form the lips right uh, mandibles, 0:17:57.480 --> 0:18:00.320 there's two of those and they cut and grind things 0:18:00.400 --> 0:18:03.439 like your teeth might, which is very important because roaches 0:18:03.920 --> 0:18:07.440 eat literally anything. Yeah, and sometimes that's like wood and 0:18:07.560 --> 0:18:09.920 other stuff like they shouldn't be able to eat, but 0:18:10.040 --> 0:18:13.800 they can. It's right, go ahead, thanks to the mandibles 0:18:13.840 --> 0:18:15.960 and some other things that we'll get to. And then 0:18:16.000 --> 0:18:19.200 they have to stop. And then there's a couple of 0:18:19.320 --> 0:18:25.960 maxilla and they basically manipulate the food chewing. Yeah, like 0:18:26.160 --> 0:18:29.560 a squirrel, yeah, squirrels arms or hands, yeah, or a 0:18:29.680 --> 0:18:34.680 dung beetle. Yeah. The thorax, which is one of the 0:18:34.760 --> 0:18:36.840 body parts that one of the three pieces of the 0:18:36.920 --> 0:18:40.560 body um and that has the three pairs of legs 0:18:41.359 --> 0:18:44.840 and the wings, and the legs are so named after 0:18:45.520 --> 0:18:47.760 the part of the thorax that they're attached to. Right, 0:18:47.800 --> 0:18:50.359 So you get the pro, the mezzo, and the meta. 0:18:51.119 --> 0:18:55.160 So the pro is closest to the head. Mezzo middle Yeah, 0:18:55.240 --> 0:18:58.640 the pro or like the brakes apparently and the yeah, 0:18:58.680 --> 0:19:01.680 the pro Yeah, that's the just do stopping. Yeah. The 0:19:01.760 --> 0:19:04.720 middle ones can make the roach go forward or backward. 0:19:05.440 --> 0:19:09.440 And then so that's the mesothoracic legs. Then the metathoracic legs. 0:19:09.480 --> 0:19:11.679 The ones in the rear are the ones that propel 0:19:11.800 --> 0:19:14.639 the roach forward. And here's another good roach fact. Do 0:19:14.680 --> 0:19:17.000 you take this one? Man, is awesome. Uh. They can 0:19:17.080 --> 0:19:19.560 move about fifty body links in a second, which is 0:19:20.200 --> 0:19:23.159 up to three miles an hour. Sounds very slow to us, 0:19:23.800 --> 0:19:26.280 but think about this in roach terms. That's right. If 0:19:26.320 --> 0:19:29.240 that were a human being, Uh, that would mean we 0:19:29.280 --> 0:19:31.840 would be running two hundred miles an hour. Yeah, that's 0:19:31.840 --> 0:19:34.080 why they look so fast. It's because they are. They 0:19:34.160 --> 0:19:36.880 are fast. Now, like to us, three miles an hour 0:19:37.000 --> 0:19:39.359 is not that much but very slow walk. That equals 0:19:39.440 --> 0:19:41.960 two hundred miles an hour in reality for us. Yeah, 0:19:42.040 --> 0:19:44.080 and part two of that roach fact, which I think 0:19:44.200 --> 0:19:48.240 is just horrifying. When a roach runs really really fast, 0:19:49.000 --> 0:19:52.399 sometimes it it gets air and just is basically running 0:19:52.400 --> 0:19:56.760 on its back legs only, but the front the other 0:19:56.840 --> 0:19:59.200 legs are still moving. So that's just like my worst nightmare. 0:19:59.600 --> 0:20:05.160 They're then after you, exactly, man. So they the three 0:20:05.200 --> 0:20:07.440 pairs are all built the exact same. They all have 0:20:07.520 --> 0:20:11.879 the same parts, but they are different lengths. They function 0:20:12.000 --> 0:20:15.640 slightly differently. Um, but they all moved the same way. 0:20:16.000 --> 0:20:18.880 It just depends on, you know, what the roach wants 0:20:18.920 --> 0:20:21.520 to do. Like we said, the pro thorastic legs active breaks. 0:20:22.320 --> 0:20:25.200 The mesothorastic um can move it forward or back, and 0:20:25.240 --> 0:20:30.640 then the meta push it forward and they apparently move 0:20:30.760 --> 0:20:35.760 like poco sticks and then back and forth too, and 0:20:36.000 --> 0:20:39.120 they work in conjunction to allow the roach to kind 0:20:39.160 --> 0:20:42.359 of walk over just about anything. So um, when the 0:20:42.880 --> 0:20:48.159 the pro and meta thoracic legs on one side are moving, 0:20:48.720 --> 0:20:51.960 the mesothoractic leg the middle one on the other side 0:20:52.080 --> 0:20:55.840 is moving, so that's how they move, which apparently it's 0:20:55.880 --> 0:21:02.000 like a four by four yea uh. She also points 0:21:02.040 --> 0:21:04.680 out that there are um the parts of the leg 0:21:05.240 --> 0:21:07.359 you can sort of approximate as if it were a human. 0:21:08.200 --> 0:21:10.760 They have a trick canter that's like our knees uh. 0:21:10.920 --> 0:21:15.840 Femur and tibia um resemble arthai and shins, and then 0:21:15.880 --> 0:21:18.440 they have the tarsus which is the ankle and foot 0:21:18.800 --> 0:21:22.360 right and the tarsus is hooked in a roach, which 0:21:22.400 --> 0:21:25.960 allows it to walk on the ceiling over your head 0:21:26.080 --> 0:21:29.720 most frightening thing ever, and on walls. And when a 0:21:29.800 --> 0:21:32.959 roaches on the ground, it runs very quickly, but when 0:21:33.040 --> 0:21:36.520 it's on a ceiling it moves much more methodically because 0:21:37.040 --> 0:21:39.960 it doesn't want to follow them. Upside down. If three 0:21:40.040 --> 0:21:44.080 miles an hour equals two an hour to us, Yeah, 0:21:44.400 --> 0:21:47.360 imagine what a ten ft drop equals to a poor 0:21:47.400 --> 0:21:50.880 little roach. Well, not enough, because it lands, flips itself over, 0:21:50.920 --> 0:21:54.439 and then runs away again. But it's humiliated, that's true. Uh, 0:21:55.000 --> 0:21:57.400 twenty seven times per second. These legs can move back 0:21:57.440 --> 0:22:02.320 and forth. So these are fast little boogers, which is 0:22:02.359 --> 0:22:05.239 why you previously talked about hating them because they were 0:22:05.240 --> 0:22:09.359 so fast. I really I don't I'm gonna find it. Okay, 0:22:09.440 --> 0:22:12.280 I'll bet I didn't say i'd kill him. I've long 0:22:12.359 --> 0:22:19.119 advocated for road to his rights. All right, So now 0:22:19.200 --> 0:22:21.879 we're the abdomen um. They do have a heart. It 0:22:22.040 --> 0:22:24.640 is a too black instructure and does move blood along, 0:22:25.240 --> 0:22:29.760 but it does not carry um oxygen around, so A 0:22:29.960 --> 0:22:33.640 the blood is not red, and B they move oxygen 0:22:33.720 --> 0:22:38.040 and blood around in other ways through basically empty spaces 0:22:38.119 --> 0:22:41.520 called hemo hemo coles. Yeah, it's pretty much the absence 0:22:41.560 --> 0:22:43.760 of a fact there. Yeah. Well it's a the a 0:22:43.840 --> 0:22:47.000 word to carries blood around to the organs. But yeah, 0:22:47.080 --> 0:22:50.120 she says, the blood just travels through these spaces essentially, 0:22:50.400 --> 0:22:52.680 and then rather than having to worry about like a 0:22:52.800 --> 0:22:55.959 spare tire or something like that. I like a fat belly, right, 0:22:56.080 --> 0:22:59.280 They have a actual fat body, and it's just this 0:22:59.440 --> 0:23:02.320 little area where they store all the fat in their body. 0:23:03.280 --> 0:23:06.960 Very smart. I have that same place. It's between my 0:23:07.080 --> 0:23:09.040 chin and my waist. Yeah. I guess they do have 0:23:09.119 --> 0:23:12.159 to worry about a spare tire, but it's a very 0:23:12.200 --> 0:23:17.040 specific one. Yeah, that's true, you know. Okay, So let's 0:23:17.080 --> 0:23:20.800 talk about digestion. Um. The the digestive system is in 0:23:20.880 --> 0:23:24.399 the abdomen, and it's really not super unlike it's just 0:23:24.480 --> 0:23:27.439 like a simplified version of our own or any mammals 0:23:27.600 --> 0:23:30.640 digestive system. But like you said, they can eat things 0:23:30.680 --> 0:23:33.879 like in digestings like wood and cellulose, so they do 0:23:34.119 --> 0:23:38.000 need some help from specialized parts, one of which is 0:23:38.080 --> 0:23:41.879 called a crop. Right, that's um. It basically holds the 0:23:42.040 --> 0:23:46.879 food while apart behind it um a toothy section in 0:23:46.960 --> 0:23:51.720 the digestive so that it is gross and it's equal 0:23:51.840 --> 0:23:56.560 to like a an octopus having a beak, crushing beak. 0:23:58.160 --> 0:24:00.280 They're squishy, they're not supposed to have a hard beak 0:24:00.320 --> 0:24:02.720 in the middle. It's crazy. Yeah, it's called a probe 0:24:02.760 --> 0:24:05.480 and triculus on the roach and that just pulverizes the 0:24:05.560 --> 0:24:08.320 stuff like wood or whatever it's tough to digest, and 0:24:08.400 --> 0:24:11.440