1 00:00:08,760 --> 00:00:11,119 Speaker 1: Hello, and welcome to food Stuff. I'm An Eries and 2 00:00:11,240 --> 00:00:15,040 Speaker 1: I'm Lauren Vogelba And hey, it's a new year. Yeah, 3 00:00:15,240 --> 00:00:19,239 Speaker 1: so you know, new year, new you new diet? New 4 00:00:19,280 --> 00:00:23,079 Speaker 1: didnt new diet? What are we talking about fad diets today? 5 00:00:23,440 --> 00:00:26,400 Speaker 1: How did you know? We already did the research? Next 6 00:00:26,480 --> 00:00:28,440 Speaker 1: in the episode title and I'm glad, I'm glad you 7 00:00:28,440 --> 00:00:31,080 Speaker 1: know what we're talking o thell me too, Oh my goodness. 8 00:00:31,120 --> 00:00:33,200 Speaker 1: I mean it's it's a hard coming back from a break, 9 00:00:33,240 --> 00:00:37,600 Speaker 1: but glad it's not that hard. Yes, me as well. Um, 10 00:00:37,640 --> 00:00:40,720 Speaker 1: and sort of a disclaimer at the beginning, I'm pretty 11 00:00:40,720 --> 00:00:44,440 Speaker 1: sure our thoughts on fat diets are clear by now, Yes, 12 00:00:44,600 --> 00:00:47,839 Speaker 1: and if they're not clear right now, they will certainly 13 00:00:47,880 --> 00:00:53,280 Speaker 1: be clear as we discussed them throughout this episode. Yeah, Um, 14 00:00:53,320 --> 00:00:56,560 Speaker 1: we're just we're going to tell you what they were. Um, 15 00:00:56,600 --> 00:01:00,800 Speaker 1: maybe some science about them why they don't or maybe 16 00:01:00,960 --> 00:01:06,360 Speaker 1: might work. But we're not advocating any of these diets. 17 00:01:06,640 --> 00:01:09,959 Speaker 1: Most of them were strongly advocating against a few of 18 00:01:10,000 --> 00:01:12,160 Speaker 1: them might be okay, you might want to make your 19 00:01:12,200 --> 00:01:16,080 Speaker 1: own decision about but hey, what's a fad diet? Yeah? 20 00:01:16,360 --> 00:01:19,679 Speaker 1: What is it compared to like a regular diet. Say, so, okay, 21 00:01:19,760 --> 00:01:22,839 Speaker 1: let's first let's just define what a diet is, because 22 00:01:23,040 --> 00:01:27,560 Speaker 1: like technically, pedantically, we're all on diets. A diet in 23 00:01:27,600 --> 00:01:30,440 Speaker 1: that sense is just what a person eats and drinks. 24 00:01:30,840 --> 00:01:34,400 Speaker 1: The word comes from the Greek dia ida dia eta. 25 00:01:34,440 --> 00:01:37,640 Speaker 1: There's a d i A I t a. I'm not 26 00:01:37,680 --> 00:01:41,480 Speaker 1: sure how to say it, meaning a way of life. Yeah. 27 00:01:41,560 --> 00:01:44,800 Speaker 1: And the famous School at Salerno, which was this medieval 28 00:01:44,800 --> 00:01:48,360 Speaker 1: medical school that basically formed the basis for Western medical learning, 29 00:01:48,640 --> 00:01:52,600 Speaker 1: had this to say. Health consists in the moderate use 30 00:01:52,680 --> 00:01:55,800 Speaker 1: of the air we breathe, of food and drink, activity 31 00:01:55,840 --> 00:01:58,960 Speaker 1: and repose, sleep and waking, and of the passions of 32 00:01:59,000 --> 00:02:04,320 Speaker 1: the soul, that use being called the diet passions of 33 00:02:04,360 --> 00:02:07,560 Speaker 1: the soul passions. Yeah. Also, I'm not sure how we 34 00:02:07,600 --> 00:02:11,160 Speaker 1: can moderate the air that we breathe, like you don't 35 00:02:11,160 --> 00:02:18,320 Speaker 1: moderate the air that you breathe. Not just kidding, just uh. 36 00:02:18,400 --> 00:02:21,840 Speaker 1: That definition was from around when the word diet emerged 37 00:02:21,880 --> 00:02:25,079 Speaker 1: in English and French in the twelve hundreds c e. 38 00:02:25,560 --> 00:02:28,280 Speaker 1: Though it quickly over the next couple of centuries became 39 00:02:28,320 --> 00:02:31,920 Speaker 1: associated with the second meaning of diet, which is a 40 00:02:31,960 --> 00:02:35,079 Speaker 1: restriction of what a person eats and drinks ostensibly for 41 00:02:35,120 --> 00:02:38,920 Speaker 1: the sake of their health and probably to lose weight. Yes, 42 00:02:39,480 --> 00:02:43,040 Speaker 1: almost certainly, a fad diet is a branch off of 43 00:02:43,080 --> 00:02:47,080 Speaker 1: that second definition. These are dietary concepts are plans that 44 00:02:47,360 --> 00:02:51,640 Speaker 1: catch the public's wild imagination because they promise that relatively 45 00:02:51,639 --> 00:02:56,079 Speaker 1: simple actions will yield quick and amazing results, usually in 46 00:02:56,120 --> 00:02:58,440 Speaker 1: the form of weight loss, but sometimes in terms of 47 00:02:58,440 --> 00:03:01,360 Speaker 1: other wellness factors, from like heart health to mental health, 48 00:03:01,400 --> 00:03:05,200 Speaker 1: to hair sheen to longevity. You know, the this one 49 00:03:05,240 --> 00:03:07,399 Speaker 1: weird food will make your butt look great and only 50 00:03:07,440 --> 00:03:10,480 Speaker 1: four days. Oh my goodness, I'm so excited. I know, 51 00:03:10,720 --> 00:03:15,120 Speaker 1: avoiding bananas. We'll solve your relationship problems. I knew it. Finally, 52 00:03:15,480 --> 00:03:18,240 Speaker 1: the key to eternal life is fish stock. Why aren't 53 00:03:18,240 --> 00:03:21,600 Speaker 1: we all just drinking fish stock? Nothing but fish stock? Okay, well, 54 00:03:21,639 --> 00:03:22,920 Speaker 1: I don't want to turn a life if that's what 55 00:03:22,960 --> 00:03:27,520 Speaker 1: it means. Uh. They're they're the sort of diets that 56 00:03:27,520 --> 00:03:29,720 Speaker 1: you know you've never heard of one day and the 57 00:03:29,760 --> 00:03:32,480 Speaker 1: next day you're seeing them talked about on magazine covers 58 00:03:32,560 --> 00:03:35,240 Speaker 1: and like use the marketing term on food packaging. And 59 00:03:35,280 --> 00:03:37,880 Speaker 1: that one actress that you really like his swearing that 60 00:03:38,000 --> 00:03:41,760 Speaker 1: changed her entire life. Um, there might be a book 61 00:03:41,880 --> 00:03:44,320 Speaker 1: or like branded foods or other products that are available 62 00:03:44,320 --> 00:03:48,920 Speaker 1: for purchase. Some of these fad diets seem to emerge spontaneously, 63 00:03:49,000 --> 00:03:52,960 Speaker 1: like almost like memes, but others are heavily marketed industry 64 00:03:52,960 --> 00:03:58,560 Speaker 1: efforts that make people billions of dollars, billions in the billions, 65 00:03:59,400 --> 00:04:03,480 Speaker 1: and yes, aeaking of that industry industry. I've got some 66 00:04:03,520 --> 00:04:08,600 Speaker 1: industry numbers for you, Yes, excellent. Different marketing research companies 67 00:04:08,640 --> 00:04:11,400 Speaker 1: measure the diet industry in different ways. But when you 68 00:04:11,440 --> 00:04:15,480 Speaker 1: include gym memberships, weight loss programs, diet drugs, and the 69 00:04:15,480 --> 00:04:18,440 Speaker 1: sales of food and drinks that specifically market themselves as 70 00:04:18,520 --> 00:04:21,600 Speaker 1: diet stuff, everything from a hundred calorie cookie pouches to 71 00:04:21,760 --> 00:04:25,040 Speaker 1: like diet coked meal replacements. H And that's what this 72 00:04:25,080 --> 00:04:27,600 Speaker 1: one firm by the name of Market Data Enterprises. Does 73 00:04:28,160 --> 00:04:33,000 Speaker 1: Americans spend over sixty billion dollars a year on dieting, 74 00:04:33,600 --> 00:04:38,840 Speaker 1: just Americans, just Americans. When you focus just on those 75 00:04:38,880 --> 00:04:43,800 Speaker 1: consumable products, it might be something like twenty billion on 76 00:04:43,800 --> 00:04:47,400 Speaker 1: on foods alone, and numbers are tricky, but that is 77 00:04:47,480 --> 00:04:52,320 Speaker 1: so much. That is quite a lot, and the industry 78 00:04:52,360 --> 00:04:54,960 Speaker 1: is changing as it always is, And for the past 79 00:04:54,960 --> 00:04:57,320 Speaker 1: couple of years, diet food companies have been trying to 80 00:04:57,400 --> 00:05:00,600 Speaker 1: keep up with the newest trend in dieting, uh, which 81 00:05:00,680 --> 00:05:04,640 Speaker 1: is whole foods with an emphasis on wellness rather than 82 00:05:04,839 --> 00:05:07,279 Speaker 1: weight loss, which overall I think is a really great 83 00:05:07,279 --> 00:05:09,200 Speaker 1: thing because weight is just a number and if we've 84 00:05:09,200 --> 00:05:11,200 Speaker 1: never mentioned it on the show before, it doesn't really 85 00:05:11,200 --> 00:05:14,360 Speaker 1: have a whole lot to do with your overall health. Yeah, generally, 86 00:05:14,360 --> 00:05:19,000 Speaker 1: now generally. Fortune magazine reported that while of us were 87 00:05:19,000 --> 00:05:21,839 Speaker 1: trying to eat healthier, only nineteen percent said that we 88 00:05:21,839 --> 00:05:26,120 Speaker 1: were actually on a diet. And furthermore, they reported that 89 00:05:26,160 --> 00:05:29,559 Speaker 1: sales were in decline at traditional diet food companies pretty 90 00:05:29,640 --> 00:05:32,320 Speaker 1: much across the board, Neutral System, Wait Watchers, Jenny Craig, 91 00:05:32,360 --> 00:05:37,000 Speaker 1: Healthy Choice, Line Cuisine had all had experienced significant losses 92 00:05:37,640 --> 00:05:42,960 Speaker 1: over the past couple of years. So in Early Seen, 93 00:05:43,080 --> 00:05:46,520 Speaker 1: the marketing director of Lean Cuisine even told NPR line 94 00:05:46,560 --> 00:05:48,720 Speaker 1: Cuisine is an emblem of the diet culture that we've 95 00:05:48,760 --> 00:05:51,039 Speaker 1: all grown up with. We know that, and we want 96 00:05:51,080 --> 00:05:53,480 Speaker 1: to walk away from that and focus on eating well 97 00:05:53,720 --> 00:06:00,279 Speaker 1: and eating healthy. That's interesting, I know, right, Um, that 98 00:06:00,320 --> 00:06:04,000 Speaker 1: doesn't necessarily mean that the industry is faltering, just that 99 00:06:04,120 --> 00:06:08,440 Speaker 1: what they're marketing to us as healthy is changing, with 100 00:06:08,480 --> 00:06:11,960 Speaker 1: things like meal replacements like soilent and plant derived low 101 00:06:11,960 --> 00:06:15,280 Speaker 1: calorie sweeteners like Stevia pushing their way to the forefront. 102 00:06:15,920 --> 00:06:20,440 Speaker 1: One industry forecast compiled by Research and markets In predicted 103 00:06:20,520 --> 00:06:23,960 Speaker 1: that the global weight loss and diet management market that 104 00:06:24,120 --> 00:06:28,359 Speaker 1: is just the consumable stuff, yeah, will rise over the 105 00:06:28,360 --> 00:06:36,839 Speaker 1: next ten years, reaching over billion dollars globally. My brain 106 00:06:36,960 --> 00:06:41,320 Speaker 1: is just like a pretty drastic stutter over that number. 107 00:06:42,279 --> 00:06:45,599 Speaker 1: We've we've basically come back around to the concept that 108 00:06:45,760 --> 00:06:48,960 Speaker 1: this like sort of original old school like like medieval 109 00:06:49,200 --> 00:06:52,599 Speaker 1: school concept of a diet being a lifestyle again, which 110 00:06:52,640 --> 00:06:57,800 Speaker 1: is hypothetically great, but still it is so profitable to 111 00:06:57,920 --> 00:07:02,240 Speaker 1: convince people that your product or method or book will 112 00:07:02,279 --> 00:07:06,640 Speaker 1: make them spelt and healthy. Yeah, seriously, next time you're 113 00:07:06,640 --> 00:07:09,000 Speaker 1: at the grocery store, just just take it. Just take 114 00:07:09,040 --> 00:07:12,000 Speaker 1: it in. Yeah, just be aware of how many things, 115 00:07:12,440 --> 00:07:16,280 Speaker 1: even things kind of indirectly like magazine covers for like, 116 00:07:16,560 --> 00:07:20,320 Speaker 1: for instance, so much. I mean they're like labels on 117 00:07:20,560 --> 00:07:25,760 Speaker 1: like fruit. Yeah, gluten free. Sorry that's not really related 118 00:07:25,760 --> 00:07:28,080 Speaker 1: to but sorry that, but I mean gluten free is 119 00:07:28,080 --> 00:07:33,760 Speaker 1: also sold as being sometimes and it's yeah, but okay, 120 00:07:33,880 --> 00:07:35,600 Speaker 1: So I've got a I've got a food stuff list 121 00:07:35,640 --> 00:07:39,120 Speaker 1: for us, a list, yeah, types of diets list. Oh, 122 00:07:39,400 --> 00:07:42,400 Speaker 1: fun here, Okay. You've got the basics, your low calorie, 123 00:07:42,400 --> 00:07:44,560 Speaker 1: low fat, low carb. Then things that are meant to 124 00:07:44,560 --> 00:07:47,800 Speaker 1: bring you a particular benefits beyond weight loss, gluten free, 125 00:07:48,000 --> 00:07:52,800 Speaker 1: raw foods, whole foods, paleolithic, detox, alkaline, macrobiotics, keategetic. You've 126 00:07:52,840 --> 00:07:55,680 Speaker 1: got the brand names Atkins, Duck, Duke, and Ducan. I've 127 00:07:55,680 --> 00:07:58,560 Speaker 1: never seen that. I've never seen it before either. Do 128 00:07:58,600 --> 00:08:02,400 Speaker 1: you can don It sounds pretty good that we're actual 129 00:08:02,440 --> 00:08:04,640 Speaker 1: brain talked about it a lot. Atkins, do you Can, 130 00:08:05,000 --> 00:08:08,560 Speaker 1: South Beach, Susanne, summer, summer sizing. You've got ones based 131 00:08:08,560 --> 00:08:12,960 Speaker 1: around a single food group morning banana, baby food, cabbage, soup, grapefruit. 132 00:08:13,480 --> 00:08:17,160 Speaker 1: It keeps going, it does, and I'm very interested in 133 00:08:17,200 --> 00:08:20,000 Speaker 1: baby food. I don't know what that is, Oh, the 134 00:08:20,040 --> 00:08:23,480 Speaker 1: baby food diet. That sounds like a joke to me, 135 00:08:23,560 --> 00:08:28,680 Speaker 1: but I know it must be real and it and 136 00:08:28,720 --> 00:08:30,920 Speaker 1: it does. We we should maybe warn you here at 137 00:08:30,920 --> 00:08:33,520 Speaker 1: the outset. This list goes on so long that we 138 00:08:33,600 --> 00:08:36,880 Speaker 1: decided to make this a two parter. So we're going 139 00:08:36,920 --> 00:08:41,559 Speaker 1: to talk about the kind of older, historic, historical uh 140 00:08:41,720 --> 00:08:44,160 Speaker 1: fad diets here in this first episode, and then some 141 00:08:44,200 --> 00:08:47,920 Speaker 1: of the newer, perhaps more angrifying ones. I don't know, 142 00:08:47,960 --> 00:08:51,439 Speaker 1: I'm angry about them all. Yeah, me too. It's a 143 00:08:51,520 --> 00:08:55,959 Speaker 1: weird combination of being kind of both angry and amused 144 00:08:55,960 --> 00:08:58,360 Speaker 1: by some of them, not so much the modern ones. 145 00:08:58,400 --> 00:09:03,840 Speaker 1: Those are just frustrating really, so yeah, yes, but first, 146 00:09:03,960 --> 00:09:06,520 Speaker 1: but first, Yes, we're going to take a quick break 147 00:09:06,720 --> 00:09:19,120 Speaker 1: for a word from a sponsor, and we're back. Thank you, sponsor. 148 00:09:20,320 --> 00:09:23,240 Speaker 1: It may come as a surprise to you that fat 149 00:09:23,280 --> 00:09:27,280 Speaker 1: diets go pretty far back. Maybe not. People are weird, 150 00:09:29,240 --> 00:09:33,120 Speaker 1: people have always been weird. Yeah, yeah, I'm kind of 151 00:09:33,160 --> 00:09:37,400 Speaker 1: interested that for so long, being thin it was part 152 00:09:37,400 --> 00:09:39,840 Speaker 1: of it. I guess that surprised me more than actual diet, 153 00:09:40,520 --> 00:09:43,440 Speaker 1: just based on what body types like, like what like 154 00:09:43,480 --> 00:09:47,920 Speaker 1: the standard of beauty and how it's changed. Right. The 155 00:09:48,000 --> 00:09:51,840 Speaker 1: first one that we can find in the historical record anyway, 156 00:09:51,880 --> 00:09:57,600 Speaker 1: was the brainchild of William the Conqueror in one Oh 157 00:09:57,640 --> 00:10:00,839 Speaker 1: my goodness. Yeah, but brainchild might not be the correct 158 00:10:00,920 --> 00:10:05,599 Speaker 1: term for it, because it was completely ridiculous. It was 159 00:10:05,600 --> 00:10:10,239 Speaker 1: a liquid diet um, only that liquid was almost always 160 00:10:10,280 --> 00:10:14,360 Speaker 1: a liquor. Oh yeah, kind of an early take on 161 00:10:14,440 --> 00:10:16,280 Speaker 1: drunk orexia, which if you don't know that, that's when 162 00:10:16,280 --> 00:10:19,080 Speaker 1: college students. Usually college students don't eat so they can 163 00:10:19,160 --> 00:10:21,280 Speaker 1: drink all their calories later. It's very unhealthy. Don't do it. 164 00:10:22,320 --> 00:10:24,800 Speaker 1: His goal was to lose enough weight to once again 165 00:10:24,880 --> 00:10:28,560 Speaker 1: ride his beloved horse, which he did, but he fell 166 00:10:28,600 --> 00:10:31,280 Speaker 1: off his horse, possibly because he was drunk, and died 167 00:10:31,320 --> 00:10:35,800 Speaker 1: that same year. Yeah, so very much. Not a sustainable 168 00:10:35,960 --> 00:10:40,959 Speaker 1: or recommended diet. No, No, William the Conqueror not a 169 00:10:41,000 --> 00:10:45,800 Speaker 1: great idea good conqueror bad diet. Yes, the diet conquered him. 170 00:10:46,200 --> 00:10:48,400 Speaker 1: Having a lot of jokes that William the conquerors expense. 171 00:10:48,440 --> 00:10:52,520 Speaker 1: We should move on this diet of his segways nicely 172 00:10:52,520 --> 00:10:54,320 Speaker 1: into the next diet, although as far as we know, 173 00:10:54,400 --> 00:10:59,160 Speaker 1: it was only practiced by one man, Italian nobleman, Luigi Cornaro. 174 00:10:59,520 --> 00:11:02,920 Speaker 1: It involved more alcohol than food. Yeah, once again, fourteen 175 00:11:02,920 --> 00:11:05,960 Speaker 1: ounces of wine to twelve ounces of food per day 176 00:11:06,040 --> 00:11:09,079 Speaker 1: to be exact. According to legend, he lived to one 177 00:11:09,520 --> 00:11:11,760 Speaker 1: and two, which was quite rare at the time, and 178 00:11:11,800 --> 00:11:15,599 Speaker 1: the diet was given the name the Immortality diet. I 179 00:11:16,559 --> 00:11:19,800 Speaker 1: twelve ounces of what kind of food is what I'm wondering. 180 00:11:19,880 --> 00:11:22,680 Speaker 1: I mean, calorie restriction will will work as a weight 181 00:11:22,720 --> 00:11:26,959 Speaker 1: loss regime after a certain point, but like what I mean, 182 00:11:27,280 --> 00:11:29,800 Speaker 1: it depends anyway. Yeah, and yeah, I feel like it 183 00:11:29,960 --> 00:11:32,360 Speaker 1: really should go without saying. But no, don't don't drink 184 00:11:32,400 --> 00:11:35,640 Speaker 1: most of your calories, folks. That's no. Alcohol does not 185 00:11:35,720 --> 00:11:39,160 Speaker 1: actually contain many of the nutrients that the human body needs. 186 00:11:40,080 --> 00:11:47,880 Speaker 1: Many many, many forget drinking wine. Women were told to 187 00:11:47,880 --> 00:11:51,680 Speaker 1: bathe in it for weight loss, yes, of course, when 188 00:11:51,720 --> 00:11:55,280 Speaker 1: women didn't even get to drink it. Oh no, yeah, 189 00:11:55,600 --> 00:11:57,840 Speaker 1: it's in the fun part. I know, you don't even 190 00:11:57,840 --> 00:12:01,840 Speaker 1: get the fun part of a wine diet. So this 191 00:12:01,920 --> 00:12:06,559 Speaker 1: is a recommendation from the sixteen nineties The Ladies Dictionary 192 00:12:06,559 --> 00:12:09,640 Speaker 1: by Hannah Woolley. You couldn't use just any wine either. 193 00:12:09,679 --> 00:12:14,400 Speaker 1: It had to be infused with wormwood, stage calimt, squinneth 194 00:12:14,640 --> 00:12:17,520 Speaker 1: and camemeal. And I'm going to go out on a 195 00:12:17,559 --> 00:12:21,080 Speaker 1: limb bravely and say that it did not work. I'm 196 00:12:21,080 --> 00:12:23,600 Speaker 1: going to come out onto this limb with you. Look. 197 00:12:23,720 --> 00:12:25,920 Speaker 1: Nothing that you bathe in or apply to your skin 198 00:12:26,160 --> 00:12:29,040 Speaker 1: is going to cause weight loss. Um or even affect 199 00:12:29,080 --> 00:12:32,760 Speaker 1: the appearance of for example, the totally natural fat storage 200 00:12:32,760 --> 00:12:35,480 Speaker 1: pattern that is known as cellulite, which practically everybody has 201 00:12:35,520 --> 00:12:38,200 Speaker 1: regardless of their diet and exercise patterns of the air 202 00:12:38,200 --> 00:12:41,800 Speaker 1: post adolescent don't really bother. It's fine, it's fine. Your 203 00:12:41,800 --> 00:12:44,880 Speaker 1: body is beautiful. It's fine. Everyone has it. Really, here's 204 00:12:44,920 --> 00:12:54,800 Speaker 1: a fun one fun on the avoiding swamps diet. Yeah. 205 00:12:54,960 --> 00:12:58,480 Speaker 1: This came about after a writer named Thomas Short published 206 00:12:58,480 --> 00:13:02,439 Speaker 1: a treatise called The Causes of Effects of Corpulence, and 207 00:13:02,480 --> 00:13:06,240 Speaker 1: in it, he claimed that after spending time observing people 208 00:13:06,240 --> 00:13:08,760 Speaker 1: near swamps, he came to the conclusion that a lot 209 00:13:08,800 --> 00:13:12,920 Speaker 1: of fat people live near swamps, and thus swamps were 210 00:13:13,400 --> 00:13:16,640 Speaker 1: to be avoided if you wanted to stay slim. I 211 00:13:16,679 --> 00:13:18,360 Speaker 1: really think you just didn't want to go near swamps. 212 00:13:18,640 --> 00:13:27,040 Speaker 1: I guess I can't. We have no there's no counter study. Sure, 213 00:13:27,440 --> 00:13:30,600 Speaker 1: avoid swamps if that's what you're into. If that maybe 214 00:13:30,600 --> 00:13:34,640 Speaker 1: the extra walking around the swamp helps you burn more calories. 215 00:13:35,080 --> 00:13:37,680 Speaker 1: It's true while walking through a swamp is difficult to 216 00:13:38,480 --> 00:13:40,040 Speaker 1: I think he just didn't want to go near swamps. 217 00:13:40,440 --> 00:13:43,400 Speaker 1: We can't recommend this one. But if you don't want 218 00:13:43,400 --> 00:13:45,880 Speaker 1: to go to till swamp, then don't go to a swamp. 219 00:13:46,600 --> 00:13:51,320 Speaker 1: In the eight twenties, another liquid diet that might sound 220 00:13:51,320 --> 00:13:55,560 Speaker 1: familiar was introduced and popularized by English poet Lord Byron, 221 00:13:56,200 --> 00:13:59,040 Speaker 1: the vinegar diet. I had no idea that Byron was 222 00:13:59,080 --> 00:14:01,640 Speaker 1: into the This is crazy to me, I know, I 223 00:14:01,720 --> 00:14:05,560 Speaker 1: didn't know either. He was a pale, thin dude, and 224 00:14:05,600 --> 00:14:07,960 Speaker 1: he said it was thanks to the large quantity of 225 00:14:08,040 --> 00:14:12,960 Speaker 1: vinegar and water he drank every day, which by the way, 226 00:14:13,200 --> 00:14:17,760 Speaker 1: can result in vomiting and diarrhea. Sounds fun and doesn't it? 227 00:14:18,400 --> 00:14:21,560 Speaker 1: Or some places I read said said he would soap 228 00:14:21,640 --> 00:14:25,880 Speaker 1: potatoes in vinegar and allowed himself also a single cup 229 00:14:25,920 --> 00:14:29,800 Speaker 1: of tea and a single raw egg. How luxurious The 230 00:14:29,920 --> 00:14:33,600 Speaker 1: vinegar used was apple cider. The apple cider vinegar diet 231 00:14:33,640 --> 00:14:36,440 Speaker 1: made a comeback in the nineteen fifties when dieters were 232 00:14:36,480 --> 00:14:40,320 Speaker 1: encouraged to drink a mixture of honey in vinegar. Nowadays, 233 00:14:40,400 --> 00:14:42,760 Speaker 1: drinking apple cider is still seen as a helpful tool 234 00:14:42,800 --> 00:14:46,120 Speaker 1: for weight loss. Or apple cider vinegar. Yeah, apple cider 235 00:14:46,240 --> 00:14:50,560 Speaker 1: different thing. Um believers claim that a few tablespoons about 236 00:14:50,560 --> 00:14:54,720 Speaker 1: a half hour before a meal will decrease your appetite UM. 237 00:14:54,760 --> 00:14:57,320 Speaker 1: And the modern theory here is that one of the 238 00:14:57,400 --> 00:15:01,720 Speaker 1: compounds in vinegar, ascetic acid, block enzymes that break down 239 00:15:02,240 --> 00:15:05,720 Speaker 1: and and thus blocks the absorption of some starches in 240 00:15:05,760 --> 00:15:09,080 Speaker 1: the small intestine. Uh. Not simple sugars, mind and not 241 00:15:09,160 --> 00:15:13,280 Speaker 1: fats either, just starches. Thus, if you take some vinegar before, during, 242 00:15:13,360 --> 00:15:16,040 Speaker 1: or after a meal that is starchy, your body won't 243 00:15:16,120 --> 00:15:20,480 Speaker 1: digest as much of it, and this might might help 244 00:15:20,880 --> 00:15:23,920 Speaker 1: with weight loss because you know you're digesting less um. 245 00:15:24,040 --> 00:15:27,120 Speaker 1: It also may help people with diabetes and pre diabetes 246 00:15:27,160 --> 00:15:30,320 Speaker 1: control blood sugar spikes, which can help control the disease. 247 00:15:30,840 --> 00:15:34,720 Speaker 1: And because it may help lessen blood sugar spiking, it 248 00:15:34,800 --> 00:15:37,280 Speaker 1: may help you control your appetite. You know, when your 249 00:15:37,280 --> 00:15:40,320 Speaker 1: sugar spikes then crashes. Most most folks are apt to 250 00:15:40,360 --> 00:15:43,920 Speaker 1: binge eat to make up for that UM, but more 251 00:15:43,960 --> 00:15:46,720 Speaker 1: research is needed to figure out how much it helps 252 00:15:46,840 --> 00:15:51,560 Speaker 1: and and why exactly. Furthermore, I'm still I'm never sure 253 00:15:51,600 --> 00:15:55,240 Speaker 1: why this apple cider thing apple cider vinegar thing got started, 254 00:15:55,240 --> 00:15:59,640 Speaker 1: because all vinegar contains acetic acid UM, and you know, 255 00:16:00,280 --> 00:16:02,480 Speaker 1: it would be pretty good to know whether eating it 256 00:16:02,560 --> 00:16:04,640 Speaker 1: in food is like part of your normal diet. Would 257 00:16:04,680 --> 00:16:08,640 Speaker 1: help too. So as with many things that we're going 258 00:16:08,680 --> 00:16:12,520 Speaker 1: to say today, the jury the jury is out, um. 259 00:16:12,560 --> 00:16:14,440 Speaker 1: But if you do choose to add vinegar to your diet, 260 00:16:14,480 --> 00:16:17,080 Speaker 1: by the way, don't drink it straight. That can erode 261 00:16:17,080 --> 00:16:20,080 Speaker 1: the tissue in your teeth and esophagus. Bad times they're 262 00:16:20,320 --> 00:16:22,960 Speaker 1: diluted in a full glass of water, or use it 263 00:16:23,000 --> 00:16:26,440 Speaker 1: in salad dressings. It's delicious, It is really good. My 264 00:16:26,480 --> 00:16:30,000 Speaker 1: old roommate um, if you're listening high old roommate um, 265 00:16:30,120 --> 00:16:33,560 Speaker 1: he kind of went through a series of not even 266 00:16:33,640 --> 00:16:36,040 Speaker 1: fat diets, just fads, but one of them was this 267 00:16:36,600 --> 00:16:39,240 Speaker 1: and he did it for like one day where he 268 00:16:39,240 --> 00:16:42,920 Speaker 1: would drink like a shot of it that he couldn't 269 00:16:42,920 --> 00:16:46,400 Speaker 1: do it. It It grossed about one one thing. One thing 270 00:16:46,440 --> 00:16:49,720 Speaker 1: that I read said that, uh, it can cause nausea 271 00:16:50,160 --> 00:16:53,800 Speaker 1: when you drink it straight, which which the medical professionals 272 00:16:53,840 --> 00:16:56,920 Speaker 1: writing the article said that they could not necessarily recommend 273 00:16:56,960 --> 00:17:00,200 Speaker 1: as a weight loss plan, and neither can we at 274 00:17:00,200 --> 00:17:02,920 Speaker 1: this time. Are At the same time the vinegar diet 275 00:17:03,000 --> 00:17:05,960 Speaker 1: was gaining momentum in the eighteen hundreds, it was super 276 00:17:06,000 --> 00:17:10,920 Speaker 1: in to be super thin. Yeah, and this is probably 277 00:17:10,960 --> 00:17:14,040 Speaker 1: one of the most disturbing ones of the episode. Yeah, yeah, 278 00:17:14,080 --> 00:17:17,680 Speaker 1: this was because of the extreme weight loss caused by consumption. 279 00:17:19,280 --> 00:17:24,280 Speaker 1: Yeah what Yeah. Consumption, to clarify, could mean any fatal 280 00:17:24,320 --> 00:17:27,000 Speaker 1: disease that involved a wasting of the body, but by 281 00:17:27,000 --> 00:17:30,919 Speaker 1: the eighteen hundreds it pretty much referred exclusively to tuberculosis. 282 00:17:31,040 --> 00:17:36,080 Speaker 1: But if you ever watched Boulan Bruges, yes, um. Thomas Trotter, 283 00:17:36,200 --> 00:17:39,600 Speaker 1: a physician during the time when the consumption look was fashionable, 284 00:17:39,600 --> 00:17:43,199 Speaker 1: wrote so unnatural and perverted are fashionable opinions on the 285 00:17:43,240 --> 00:17:46,480 Speaker 1: subject that a blooming complexion is thought to indicate low 286 00:17:46,560 --> 00:17:49,919 Speaker 1: life and vulgarity and breeding. What a false standard for 287 00:17:49,960 --> 00:17:53,119 Speaker 1: beauty to prefer a sickly, sallow hue of the continents 288 00:17:53,440 --> 00:17:59,480 Speaker 1: to the roses of health. Great, that's weird. Another physician, 289 00:17:59,520 --> 00:18:03,560 Speaker 1: and another Thomas Thomas Bettos, claimed women were actively trying 290 00:18:03,600 --> 00:18:06,359 Speaker 1: to catch consumption so that they would appear more delicate. 291 00:18:07,400 --> 00:18:09,520 Speaker 1: They were willing to die to look more delicate for 292 00:18:09,560 --> 00:18:12,560 Speaker 1: you know, a little bit for a while. Yeah, not 293 00:18:12,600 --> 00:18:15,000 Speaker 1: to mention, you'd be coughing up blood, sometimes up to 294 00:18:15,080 --> 00:18:18,840 Speaker 1: two cups of blood, and you'd be sick, yeah, like 295 00:18:18,840 --> 00:18:22,560 Speaker 1: like real sick. Yeah, So I don't think you'd be 296 00:18:22,600 --> 00:18:25,440 Speaker 1: the most pleasant to hang around. It's not the sexiest 297 00:18:25,440 --> 00:18:29,679 Speaker 1: diet plan I've heard of. Lizzie Saddal often comes up 298 00:18:29,680 --> 00:18:32,600 Speaker 1: in this conversation about why in the world this was 299 00:18:32,680 --> 00:18:36,800 Speaker 1: even a thing. She was a muse during the Victorian era, 300 00:18:36,920 --> 00:18:39,240 Speaker 1: meaning there were quite a few paintings of her that 301 00:18:39,240 --> 00:18:42,240 Speaker 1: people would go around and admire. Her appeal was thought 302 00:18:42,240 --> 00:18:44,920 Speaker 1: to be thanks to tuberculosis at the time, so women 303 00:18:44,920 --> 00:18:46,880 Speaker 1: were like, okay, but I want to look like her. 304 00:18:47,119 --> 00:18:51,560 Speaker 1: Then he admired, I must catch tuberculosis. Let me go 305 00:18:51,680 --> 00:18:55,679 Speaker 1: catch my death of the fog. Yes. However, now historians 306 00:18:55,680 --> 00:18:59,080 Speaker 1: think she didn't have consumption but anorexia and an opiate 307 00:18:59,080 --> 00:19:02,880 Speaker 1: addiction instead. Just just bad all around. And I guess 308 00:19:02,880 --> 00:19:06,280 Speaker 1: it does mirror the whole like es model, Uh, like 309 00:19:06,359 --> 00:19:13,600 Speaker 1: heroin chic Oh yeah concept too. Yeah humans are dumb, Yeah, 310 00:19:14,000 --> 00:19:18,400 Speaker 1: but we must forge ahead. Nonetheless, here's another odd one 311 00:19:18,640 --> 00:19:25,080 Speaker 1: courtesy of Victorian era women, the tapirm diet. What yeah, 312 00:19:25,240 --> 00:19:28,679 Speaker 1: this is exactly what it sounds like. It's also one 313 00:19:28,680 --> 00:19:33,200 Speaker 1: of my favorite bits from the office um women at 314 00:19:33,200 --> 00:19:37,080 Speaker 1: the time. Often we're desperate, desperate to lose weight, are 315 00:19:37,160 --> 00:19:40,159 Speaker 1: to achieve a certain figure, mostly thanks to fashion trends 316 00:19:40,200 --> 00:19:44,480 Speaker 1: like corsets. Uh. An enterprising person got the idea to 317 00:19:44,520 --> 00:19:48,240 Speaker 1: swallow some tapeworms, so they the tape worms would eat 318 00:19:48,320 --> 00:19:51,720 Speaker 1: up all the food in your intestines. Yeah, not live 319 00:19:51,760 --> 00:19:56,320 Speaker 1: tape worms, though, that'd be crazy. You would buy them 320 00:19:56,320 --> 00:20:00,920 Speaker 1: in pilform and the eggs would hatch after you'd ingested them. 321 00:20:00,920 --> 00:20:03,200 Speaker 1: It sounds great, right now, I'm on my way to 322 00:20:03,240 --> 00:20:10,800 Speaker 1: weight loss quick and how um well it was great, No, 323 00:20:10,920 --> 00:20:13,280 Speaker 1: it was a great. Adult eventually had to get them 324 00:20:13,280 --> 00:20:16,800 Speaker 1: out this this was another problem. Um, did you know 325 00:20:17,040 --> 00:20:21,240 Speaker 1: the tape worm can grow up to thirty ft mm hmm, okay, 326 00:20:21,640 --> 00:20:25,000 Speaker 1: So there are different pills that you could take that 327 00:20:25,040 --> 00:20:29,560 Speaker 1: would maybe kill them maybe, But if they didn't, the 328 00:20:29,600 --> 00:20:32,199 Speaker 1: recommendation of the time was to sit in front of 329 00:20:32,240 --> 00:20:35,560 Speaker 1: a bowl of milk with your mouth agape. The worms 330 00:20:35,600 --> 00:20:38,120 Speaker 1: from their home inside your intestines would catch a whiff 331 00:20:38,119 --> 00:20:41,360 Speaker 1: of that sweet sweet milk and wiggle their way out 332 00:20:41,359 --> 00:20:45,440 Speaker 1: of your mouth thirty feet and all. There's no evidence 333 00:20:45,480 --> 00:20:50,520 Speaker 1: that this worked. Also, side effects of tapeworms could include meningitis, seizures, 334 00:20:50,520 --> 00:20:53,040 Speaker 1: sist on your brain, eyes and spinal cord, and dementia. 335 00:20:53,520 --> 00:20:56,600 Speaker 1: So the US eventually made the sale of tape worms illegal. 336 00:20:58,200 --> 00:21:02,080 Speaker 1: But yeah, there's actually some debate whether or not this 337 00:21:02,160 --> 00:21:06,560 Speaker 1: was more of a rumor or actual factor. There are ads, 338 00:21:07,280 --> 00:21:10,560 Speaker 1: there are ads in either case for tapeworms to be 339 00:21:10,640 --> 00:21:13,520 Speaker 1: used for weight loss. Um, and they're worth looking into 340 00:21:13,560 --> 00:21:17,359 Speaker 1: if you want to like disturbing slash how did this 341 00:21:17,440 --> 00:21:20,679 Speaker 1: ever happen? Type thing to look at some of them 342 00:21:20,760 --> 00:21:25,280 Speaker 1: read and all of these all exclamation points after everything, 343 00:21:25,920 --> 00:21:30,280 Speaker 1: eat eat, eat, and always stay thin, no diet, no baths, 344 00:21:30,320 --> 00:21:34,120 Speaker 1: no exercise, vanished fat. The enemy that is shortening your 345 00:21:34,200 --> 00:21:39,280 Speaker 1: life with sanitized tape worms friends. Yes, they're sanitized on 346 00:21:39,840 --> 00:21:44,919 Speaker 1: friends for a fair form, easily swallowed, no danger, guaranteed harmless. 347 00:21:46,000 --> 00:21:52,159 Speaker 1: The very excited victorians, y'all, um, don't don't give yourselves parasites. 348 00:21:53,000 --> 00:21:55,359 Speaker 1: Did you ever think we would say that in episode? 349 00:21:55,400 --> 00:21:58,800 Speaker 1: I never thought I would have to um. Actually simultaneously, 350 00:21:58,960 --> 00:22:00,760 Speaker 1: be wary of anyone who wants to sell you a 351 00:22:00,840 --> 00:22:04,080 Speaker 1: plan to read yourself of potential parasites. This is a 352 00:22:04,080 --> 00:22:09,280 Speaker 1: whole thing. This is a whole Yeah, barring a legitimate 353 00:22:09,320 --> 00:22:12,200 Speaker 1: fear of infestation, like from a polluted water source or 354 00:22:12,240 --> 00:22:14,280 Speaker 1: something like that, I mean, talk to your doctor, doctor, 355 00:22:14,320 --> 00:22:18,560 Speaker 1: if you're seriously concerned but don't buy home remedies for 356 00:22:18,720 --> 00:22:23,000 Speaker 1: tape worms. Well, we cannot do an episode on fad 357 00:22:23,160 --> 00:22:28,719 Speaker 1: dieting without mentioning our old buddy Graham, doctor Sylvester Graham, 358 00:22:28,720 --> 00:22:31,679 Speaker 1: and the Graham diet and his Graham mites. We have 359 00:22:31,720 --> 00:22:34,840 Speaker 1: a whole episode on Graham and the Graham Cracker if 360 00:22:34,880 --> 00:22:40,199 Speaker 1: you want more, but briefly. Graham was a religious fellow 361 00:22:40,320 --> 00:22:45,080 Speaker 1: and a vegetarian, one of the first vegetarians, first public vegetarians, 362 00:22:45,080 --> 00:22:48,360 Speaker 1: I suppose I should popularized. Yes, yes, that's a good one. 363 00:22:48,560 --> 00:22:52,359 Speaker 1: Who preached that obesity was immoral, as in Heaven and 364 00:22:52,440 --> 00:22:55,920 Speaker 1: Hell imral like you're a bad person if you're fat, 365 00:22:56,040 --> 00:22:58,920 Speaker 1: so don't do that. Yes. What else he said was 366 00:22:58,960 --> 00:23:05,879 Speaker 1: immoral sex and especially masturbation. To quell your dastardly sexual urges, 367 00:23:05,920 --> 00:23:10,120 Speaker 1: he proposed you stick to veggies and his early form 368 00:23:10,200 --> 00:23:13,240 Speaker 1: of Graham crackers, yes they were named after him, which 369 00:23:13,400 --> 00:23:16,480 Speaker 1: in their first form were like this flavoral lists bits 370 00:23:16,480 --> 00:23:20,280 Speaker 1: of mush that they were so flavorless upon eating them, 371 00:23:20,359 --> 00:23:23,919 Speaker 1: you would rid yourself of any sexual desire. This was 372 00:23:23,960 --> 00:23:27,120 Speaker 1: his plan, you guys. He got kind of a cultish 373 00:23:27,160 --> 00:23:30,480 Speaker 1: following they called themselves Graham Mtes and one Graham Mte 374 00:23:30,560 --> 00:23:36,160 Speaker 1: that you probably have heard of one John Yes Kellogg, Yes, 375 00:23:36,200 --> 00:23:39,080 Speaker 1: that Kellogg who went on to invent corn corn flakes, 376 00:23:39,119 --> 00:23:40,600 Speaker 1: And that's one of the nicer things you can say 377 00:23:40,600 --> 00:23:43,640 Speaker 1: about him. We mentioned him a bit in our yogurt episode, 378 00:23:43,800 --> 00:23:45,159 Speaker 1: but we have to do a whole thing on him 379 00:23:45,200 --> 00:23:49,080 Speaker 1: one day. Yeah, we have to. Another person who comes 380 00:23:49,160 --> 00:23:51,800 Speaker 1: up on a semiregular basis in our episodes is Jean 381 00:23:52,040 --> 00:23:57,160 Speaker 1: Brdat Savan. He published a low carb regimen called the 382 00:23:57,160 --> 00:24:02,520 Speaker 1: Physiology of Taste. Empress Elizabeth of Austria, also known as 383 00:24:02,560 --> 00:24:06,480 Speaker 1: Impress CC, had a different method for maintaining her nineteen 384 00:24:06,480 --> 00:24:10,240 Speaker 1: inch waist. During her time as Empress from eighteen fifty 385 00:24:10,280 --> 00:24:14,600 Speaker 1: four to you could find her propped up against the wall, 386 00:24:14,880 --> 00:24:19,040 Speaker 1: deep asleep, with raw meat on her face. On her 387 00:24:19,080 --> 00:24:23,959 Speaker 1: face applied to her. Her diet was almost made up 388 00:24:23,960 --> 00:24:29,080 Speaker 1: exclusively of duck broth, which she extracted using a duck squeezer. 389 00:24:30,320 --> 00:24:35,040 Speaker 1: M hm um. This has echoes in the fad of 390 00:24:35,080 --> 00:24:38,440 Speaker 1: the bone broth diet of recent years. It does, which 391 00:24:38,480 --> 00:24:42,920 Speaker 1: is a detox that promises to vanish fifteen pounds and 392 00:24:43,000 --> 00:24:46,240 Speaker 1: your wrinkles in just three weeks via inter minute fasting 393 00:24:46,320 --> 00:24:49,480 Speaker 1: and consuming a whole lot of bone broth a k A. 394 00:24:49,480 --> 00:24:54,960 Speaker 1: Animal based stock m H. And Okay, stock can be fatty, 395 00:24:55,000 --> 00:24:57,680 Speaker 1: but it's pretty good for you. A fasting is complicated. 396 00:24:57,880 --> 00:25:02,159 Speaker 1: More on that later. Detox doesn't exist. Your body already 397 00:25:02,160 --> 00:25:04,440 Speaker 1: does everything that you need. There you see cr juicing 398 00:25:04,480 --> 00:25:07,840 Speaker 1: episode for more on that. Um. But I'm still stuck 399 00:25:07,880 --> 00:25:14,000 Speaker 1: on duck squeezer. Yeah, you can find the blueprint online. 400 00:25:14,960 --> 00:25:17,480 Speaker 1: I failed to see how it would work, but it 401 00:25:17,600 --> 00:25:25,280 Speaker 1: must have as duck squeezing, not as weight loss. Um. Yes, 402 00:25:25,520 --> 00:25:28,120 Speaker 1: I have many questions, but we must. We must move on. 403 00:25:29,080 --> 00:25:31,840 Speaker 1: And speaking of moving on, let's move on to a 404 00:25:31,880 --> 00:25:35,800 Speaker 1: big one. But first a break for a word from 405 00:25:35,800 --> 00:25:48,480 Speaker 1: our sponsor. Then we're back. Thank you sponsor, Yes, thank you. 406 00:25:49,200 --> 00:25:52,760 Speaker 1: This brings us to Yeah, pretty pretty significant one in 407 00:25:52,800 --> 00:25:58,800 Speaker 1: the realm of fad diets, the three Banting diet. Banting 408 00:25:58,840 --> 00:26:01,840 Speaker 1: diet so aim is that the Banting became the word 409 00:26:01,840 --> 00:26:04,080 Speaker 1: for diet for a short period of time. It did 410 00:26:04,160 --> 00:26:06,400 Speaker 1: until the nineteen twenties in the U S and the UK. 411 00:26:07,640 --> 00:26:10,840 Speaker 1: It was named after its creator, Englishman William Banting, who 412 00:26:10,880 --> 00:26:14,080 Speaker 1: claimed to have lost fifty pounds by avoiding bread, sugar, 413 00:26:14,200 --> 00:26:18,320 Speaker 1: and potatoes and instead focusing on meat and vegetables. Sounded 414 00:26:18,320 --> 00:26:21,600 Speaker 1: a little familiar, perhaps essentially a precursor to the low 415 00:26:21,640 --> 00:26:24,919 Speaker 1: carb diet. He was adamant about it too. In eighteen 416 00:26:24,960 --> 00:26:28,439 Speaker 1: sixty three he published a pamphlet called let Her on Corpulents, 417 00:26:28,520 --> 00:26:34,080 Speaker 1: addressed to the public, which contained these strong words, of 418 00:26:34,280 --> 00:26:37,400 Speaker 1: all the parasites that affect humanity, I do not know of, 419 00:26:37,440 --> 00:26:44,240 Speaker 1: nor can I imagine, any more distressing than that of obesity. Capital, oh, capital, 420 00:26:44,760 --> 00:26:49,000 Speaker 1: capital o obesity. It was a big deal. William Banting. 421 00:26:49,040 --> 00:26:52,480 Speaker 1: By the way, it was an undertaker. I always get 422 00:26:52,520 --> 00:26:57,160 Speaker 1: all of my best diet advice from. Okay, yeah, um 423 00:26:57,200 --> 00:26:59,639 Speaker 1: about his concept of a diet here. Okay, So like 424 00:26:59,640 --> 00:27:02,520 Speaker 1: like atting your carbs to whole grains and low sugar 425 00:27:02,560 --> 00:27:07,000 Speaker 1: foods and eating mostly uh vegetables and lean proteins is 426 00:27:07,040 --> 00:27:11,200 Speaker 1: indeed a pretty good idea. Too much fat and protein 427 00:27:11,359 --> 00:27:13,560 Speaker 1: is not good for you, though a fat packs a 428 00:27:13,560 --> 00:27:16,200 Speaker 1: lot of calories, and protein can. Too much protein can 429 00:27:16,240 --> 00:27:18,760 Speaker 1: strain your liver in kidneys when you consume it rather 430 00:27:18,840 --> 00:27:21,920 Speaker 1: in overlarge amounts. It's also not good to cut out 431 00:27:21,920 --> 00:27:25,760 Speaker 1: carbs entirely there. There are nutrients and many carby things 432 00:27:25,800 --> 00:27:28,640 Speaker 1: that are hard to get elsewhere. I um, I want 433 00:27:28,640 --> 00:27:32,080 Speaker 1: to do a whole episode on the entire low carb 434 00:27:32,359 --> 00:27:38,400 Speaker 1: Atkins keto thing, though, because it's real complicated and there's 435 00:27:38,440 --> 00:27:42,960 Speaker 1: a lot of very interesting um theory and research out 436 00:27:43,000 --> 00:27:48,920 Speaker 1: there about it, and many many strong feelings, yes, very strong. 437 00:27:49,359 --> 00:27:52,840 Speaker 1: Probably already made a few of you angry. Probably, yeah. 438 00:27:53,680 --> 00:27:57,280 Speaker 1: And one note before we move on from banting um. 439 00:27:57,359 --> 00:27:59,400 Speaker 1: He's similar to Graham. If you didn't get this from 440 00:27:59,440 --> 00:28:04,840 Speaker 1: his letter to the public, um, he is one of 441 00:28:04,840 --> 00:28:07,760 Speaker 1: the reasons why we see fat being fat as immoral. 442 00:28:07,800 --> 00:28:11,240 Speaker 1: He was also of that vein and back when I 443 00:28:11,280 --> 00:28:13,400 Speaker 1: was on stuff I'm never told you as a producer, 444 00:28:14,440 --> 00:28:17,440 Speaker 1: we did an episode on not really him, but people 445 00:28:17,440 --> 00:28:22,840 Speaker 1: who made that kind of of being fat. So he 446 00:28:23,240 --> 00:28:28,080 Speaker 1: definitely tied it to moality and especially for women. So 447 00:28:29,200 --> 00:28:33,199 Speaker 1: not thanks, thanks, thanks, still dealing with a lot of 448 00:28:33,200 --> 00:28:35,960 Speaker 1: those things. Actually had a lot of these diets. As 449 00:28:36,000 --> 00:28:38,920 Speaker 1: the nineteenth century drew to a close and the twentieth 450 00:28:38,920 --> 00:28:43,880 Speaker 1: century began, American entrepreneur Horace Fletcher made chewing the vogue 451 00:28:43,960 --> 00:28:48,360 Speaker 1: thing toake Oh. Fletcher at least one hundred times for 452 00:28:48,440 --> 00:28:52,040 Speaker 1: bite to be precise. This way the thinking when you 453 00:28:52,080 --> 00:28:54,840 Speaker 1: could eat as much as you want, but with that 454 00:28:54,920 --> 00:28:58,000 Speaker 1: amount of chewing you turn the food to liquid and 455 00:28:58,040 --> 00:29:02,360 Speaker 1: you can only gain weight from solid food. That was 456 00:29:02,400 --> 00:29:06,240 Speaker 1: the belief at the time. That's that's not true. So yeah, 457 00:29:06,400 --> 00:29:10,840 Speaker 1: that is very far from the truth. Um. Also, it 458 00:29:10,920 --> 00:29:13,600 Speaker 1: was a lot of work, probably chewing your food on time, 459 00:29:13,680 --> 00:29:18,040 Speaker 1: so maybe that would just wear you down. Um. From 460 00:29:18,080 --> 00:29:20,800 Speaker 1: this chewing craze as it was called, he gained the 461 00:29:20,880 --> 00:29:29,760 Speaker 1: nickname the Great Masticator. Ah, that's an interesting one. I 462 00:29:29,840 --> 00:29:32,480 Speaker 1: thought it was thirty six times. And I tried this 463 00:29:32,800 --> 00:29:35,480 Speaker 1: when I was in high school. Shoot your food thirty 464 00:29:35,520 --> 00:29:37,120 Speaker 1: six times, and I found there was just no food, 465 00:29:37,160 --> 00:29:39,400 Speaker 1: Like thirty six times it was. It was gone. It 466 00:29:39,480 --> 00:29:42,400 Speaker 1: was gone. It had just dissolved entirely, absorbed into like 467 00:29:42,440 --> 00:29:46,480 Speaker 1: the walls of your tongue walls and as far as chewing, 468 00:29:46,480 --> 00:29:51,880 Speaker 1: like empty hair and tonge walls. Yes. Um, this was 469 00:29:51,920 --> 00:29:53,840 Speaker 1: around the time. By the way, this turn of the 470 00:29:53,880 --> 00:29:57,440 Speaker 1: century that the calorie or cake hel was defined as 471 00:29:57,480 --> 00:29:59,640 Speaker 1: a unit of food based on the amount of energy 472 00:29:59,800 --> 00:30:03,760 Speaker 1: that foods digestion would create within the human body. You know, 473 00:30:04,040 --> 00:30:07,880 Speaker 1: energy for your cells to do the work of living um. 474 00:30:07,960 --> 00:30:10,800 Speaker 1: And the concept was taken from early nineteenth century physics 475 00:30:10,840 --> 00:30:14,640 Speaker 1: explorations that set the calorie the lower case calorie as 476 00:30:14,680 --> 00:30:17,480 Speaker 1: the heat needed to raise the temperature of one kilogram 477 00:30:17,520 --> 00:30:21,680 Speaker 1: of water from zero to one degrees celsius. Okay. So, 478 00:30:21,720 --> 00:30:25,040 Speaker 1: for example, if in taking one gram of food might 479 00:30:25,080 --> 00:30:27,160 Speaker 1: create an amount of energy in your body equivalent to 480 00:30:27,160 --> 00:30:30,440 Speaker 1: what it takes to raise a five kilos of water 481 00:30:30,760 --> 00:30:33,400 Speaker 1: from zero to one degree celsius, then that gram of 482 00:30:33,440 --> 00:30:37,600 Speaker 1: food would be said to contain five calories. M hmm, yeah, 483 00:30:37,680 --> 00:30:41,120 Speaker 1: okay um. And the term was actually accepted into popular 484 00:30:41,200 --> 00:30:44,920 Speaker 1: dietetics before it received official recognition within the physics community 485 00:30:45,200 --> 00:30:51,000 Speaker 1: as that uh heat unit kind of thing to begin with. Um. 486 00:30:51,200 --> 00:30:54,440 Speaker 1: This was also around when work in identifying important components 487 00:30:54,440 --> 00:30:59,240 Speaker 1: of foods proteins, sugars, vitamins was also being done, and 488 00:30:59,680 --> 00:31:03,640 Speaker 1: this science would allow for all new fads and dieting. 489 00:31:04,000 --> 00:31:09,240 Speaker 1: Oh excellent, perfect, yes, and here's one en we see 490 00:31:09,240 --> 00:31:14,480 Speaker 1: the first publication advocating calorie counting with diet and health 491 00:31:14,600 --> 00:31:18,120 Speaker 1: with Key to the Calories, written by Dr Lulu Hunt. 492 00:31:18,120 --> 00:31:20,840 Speaker 1: Peters choose a position out of l A who had 493 00:31:20,880 --> 00:31:26,040 Speaker 1: previously penned sent pamphlet about the importance of calories to diet, 494 00:31:26,360 --> 00:31:30,360 Speaker 1: the proceeds of which did go to the Red Cross. Okay, yeah, 495 00:31:30,560 --> 00:31:33,000 Speaker 1: and people dug it so much she expanded it to 496 00:31:33,160 --> 00:31:38,400 Speaker 1: a book. So this kind of brings us to uh, 497 00:31:39,600 --> 00:31:43,600 Speaker 1: the modern period, more modern periods, and thus the end 498 00:31:43,640 --> 00:31:48,000 Speaker 1: of this episode. Yes, yes, but first the first listen, 499 00:31:50,680 --> 00:31:54,480 Speaker 1: Nick wrote in with some Peruvian New Year's traditions, when 500 00:31:54,480 --> 00:31:56,920 Speaker 1: the cock strikes midnight, you will find many people running 501 00:31:56,920 --> 00:31:59,600 Speaker 1: around the outside of their house while rolling a suitcase 502 00:31:59,600 --> 00:32:02,200 Speaker 1: in one and in holding money and the other. As 503 00:32:02,800 --> 00:32:06,160 Speaker 1: the tradition goes, the suitcase will bring you many travels 504 00:32:06,160 --> 00:32:08,520 Speaker 1: in the new year, and of course money will bring 505 00:32:08,560 --> 00:32:11,200 Speaker 1: you well if you thought that was weird. Most people 506 00:32:11,240 --> 00:32:13,800 Speaker 1: also wear different colors of underwear depending on what they 507 00:32:13,840 --> 00:32:17,200 Speaker 1: desire for the new year. Yellow underwear brings you good luck, 508 00:32:17,320 --> 00:32:20,160 Speaker 1: red underwear brings you love, et cetera. My sister was 509 00:32:20,200 --> 00:32:22,640 Speaker 1: recently married, and for the New Year's celebration a year ago, 510 00:32:22,760 --> 00:32:26,320 Speaker 1: the family celebrated Peruvian style. Needless to say, my sisters 511 00:32:26,400 --> 00:32:28,440 Speaker 1: in laws were quite surprised when my mother handed them 512 00:32:28,440 --> 00:32:35,400 Speaker 1: all yellow panties. It's pretty fantastic. Oh that's that's great. Um, 513 00:32:35,440 --> 00:32:38,280 Speaker 1: we've got another one from Randall and hey again Randal 514 00:32:38,560 --> 00:32:41,560 Speaker 1: about toasting. As for toasting, I have a good friend 515 00:32:41,600 --> 00:32:43,680 Speaker 1: who is French. She went on a business trip to 516 00:32:43,760 --> 00:32:46,600 Speaker 1: Japan for the first time. The French toast is chin chin, 517 00:32:46,920 --> 00:32:48,880 Speaker 1: and she said that a lot during the business dinner, 518 00:32:49,160 --> 00:32:51,640 Speaker 1: and she wondered why the Japanese men would just look 519 00:32:51,640 --> 00:32:54,840 Speaker 1: at the floor when she said this. A day later, 520 00:32:54,880 --> 00:32:56,760 Speaker 1: she was having dinner with a friend who lived in Japan, 521 00:32:56,840 --> 00:32:59,440 Speaker 1: and he warned her about the chin chin toast since 522 00:32:59,480 --> 00:33:03,720 Speaker 1: it sounds like the Japanese word for penis. Oh. She 523 00:33:03,880 --> 00:33:07,960 Speaker 1: was so embarrassed having sat at a dinner saying penis 524 00:33:07,960 --> 00:33:12,640 Speaker 1: penis to all of these men. So yeah, check local customs. 525 00:33:13,960 --> 00:33:17,040 Speaker 1: I bet you At the next dinner I'm at where 526 00:33:17,040 --> 00:33:19,520 Speaker 1: I get a little tipsy, I'm going to raise a 527 00:33:19,520 --> 00:33:23,200 Speaker 1: glass and say penis penis. This is just I can 528 00:33:23,240 --> 00:33:26,160 Speaker 1: see it. I want to be there for that. I 529 00:33:26,200 --> 00:33:29,200 Speaker 1: hope that you are. I hope that you can come 530 00:33:29,240 --> 00:33:32,400 Speaker 1: into my rescue. And everyone's like, oh, like we've got 531 00:33:32,400 --> 00:33:37,360 Speaker 1: a story about that. We do, so thank you. I 532 00:33:37,440 --> 00:33:39,600 Speaker 1: thank thank you all so much for writing into us 533 00:33:39,640 --> 00:33:44,040 Speaker 1: those are beautiful stories. Yes, if you would like to 534 00:33:44,040 --> 00:33:46,360 Speaker 1: write into us, you can, and we would love to 535 00:33:46,360 --> 00:33:49,239 Speaker 1: hear from you. Are email addresses food Stuff at how 536 00:33:49,240 --> 00:33:51,720 Speaker 1: stuff works dot com. We're also on social media. You 537 00:33:51,720 --> 00:33:54,360 Speaker 1: can find us on Twitter and Facebook at food Stuff 538 00:33:54,480 --> 00:33:58,120 Speaker 1: hs W or also on Instagram at food stuff. We 539 00:33:58,160 --> 00:34:00,360 Speaker 1: would love to hear from you. Thank you so much 540 00:34:00,400 --> 00:34:04,120 Speaker 1: to our amazing producer Dylan Fagan and our audio recorder 541 00:34:04,360 --> 00:34:09,520 Speaker 1: Tristan McNeil uh lovely humans. Both. Please tune in next 542 00:34:09,520 --> 00:34:15,080 Speaker 1: week for the exciting conclusion of fad diets and we 543 00:34:15,120 --> 00:34:17,040 Speaker 1: hope that lots more good things by coming your way.