1 00:00:01,080 --> 00:00:04,600 Speaker 1: Welcome to Stuff you missed in History Class from works 2 00:00:04,600 --> 00:00:13,080 Speaker 1: dot com. Hello and welcome to the podcast. I'm Holly 3 00:00:13,119 --> 00:00:16,680 Speaker 1: Fry and I'm Tracy. You Wilson and Tracy. Has been 4 00:00:16,720 --> 00:00:19,160 Speaker 1: a little while since we've done a Mad Royals episode 5 00:00:19,520 --> 00:00:22,439 Speaker 1: we have. That's a theme that kept cropping up in 6 00:00:22,520 --> 00:00:25,840 Speaker 1: previous hosts shows and then it just carried over into 7 00:00:25,840 --> 00:00:28,760 Speaker 1: our work too. Yeah, more than anything else, ours is 8 00:00:28,800 --> 00:00:32,839 Speaker 1: more of like a cranky, temperamental probably doesn't have control 9 00:00:32,880 --> 00:00:35,680 Speaker 1: of his emotions kind of royal, but we'll fit it 10 00:00:35,680 --> 00:00:38,520 Speaker 1: into mad there, you could say he was mad uh 11 00:00:38,560 --> 00:00:40,559 Speaker 1: and much like many of the other Mad Royals that 12 00:00:40,600 --> 00:00:43,519 Speaker 1: we've discussed on the podcast throughout the years, Charles the 13 00:00:43,640 --> 00:00:47,640 Speaker 1: ninth of France, as I just hinted, was really prone 14 00:00:47,680 --> 00:00:49,879 Speaker 1: to fits of rage and these could be so intense 15 00:00:49,920 --> 00:00:53,840 Speaker 1: that people at his court feared for their lives. And 16 00:00:53,880 --> 00:00:56,240 Speaker 1: for a quick sort of fun background ebit that's not 17 00:00:56,600 --> 00:00:59,920 Speaker 1: really super important to his biography, Charles at ninth was 18 00:01:00,000 --> 00:01:02,840 Speaker 1: allegedly nicknamed the Snotty King, and that was because of 19 00:01:02,840 --> 00:01:04,800 Speaker 1: a birthmark that he had on his upper lip that 20 00:01:04,880 --> 00:01:07,600 Speaker 1: apparently made it look like he had a perpetually running nose, 21 00:01:08,240 --> 00:01:11,160 Speaker 1: which seems like a terrible thing for a child to bear, 22 00:01:11,200 --> 00:01:13,800 Speaker 1: but uh, he eventually grew a mustache to cover it 23 00:01:13,880 --> 00:01:16,600 Speaker 1: up once he became an adult and was able to 24 00:01:16,640 --> 00:01:18,800 Speaker 1: grow facial hair. But that's only the tip of the 25 00:01:18,840 --> 00:01:21,840 Speaker 1: iceberg on this one. Uh. And going by his famous 26 00:01:21,880 --> 00:01:24,640 Speaker 1: portrait from when he was just a boy, uh that 27 00:01:24,760 --> 00:01:28,319 Speaker 1: was painted by friend Sue, either this birth birthmark wasn't 28 00:01:28,360 --> 00:01:31,080 Speaker 1: even that noticeable or the artist downplayed it. But that's 29 00:01:31,080 --> 00:01:33,600 Speaker 1: just kind of a fun little factoid. As we go 30 00:01:33,640 --> 00:01:36,600 Speaker 1: into this story about Charles the Knight, he was also 31 00:01:36,640 --> 00:01:40,200 Speaker 1: the son of Catherine de Medici. So his story brushes 32 00:01:40,280 --> 00:01:44,399 Speaker 1: up against the series that previous hosted on the Medici Family. Uh. 33 00:01:44,480 --> 00:01:48,400 Speaker 1: Katie and Sarah talk a lot about Catherine in previous episodes, 34 00:01:48,440 --> 00:01:51,120 Speaker 1: and they bust submiths about her reputation. But we're gonna 35 00:01:51,120 --> 00:01:54,000 Speaker 1: look at this story and this piece of history as 36 00:01:54,000 --> 00:01:57,960 Speaker 1: it relates specifically to her son, Charles. Charles was born 37 00:01:58,120 --> 00:02:05,080 Speaker 1: Charles Maximilian on June fifty near Paris, and his parents, 38 00:02:05,120 --> 00:02:08,359 Speaker 1: as we already mentioned, were Catherine de Medici and Henry 39 00:02:08,360 --> 00:02:11,880 Speaker 1: the second of France. Uh. And as he said, Catherine 40 00:02:11,880 --> 00:02:13,960 Speaker 1: was covered at length back in the Katie and Sarah dates, 41 00:02:14,360 --> 00:02:16,480 Speaker 1: and the couple also had an older son, Francis the 42 00:02:16,480 --> 00:02:18,960 Speaker 1: second as well. They had other children, But this is 43 00:02:19,000 --> 00:02:20,760 Speaker 1: just to kind of make it clear that at this 44 00:02:20,800 --> 00:02:23,840 Speaker 1: point Charles was not immediately next in line for the throne. 45 00:02:24,639 --> 00:02:28,040 Speaker 1: As a child, Charles was really coddled by his parents. 46 00:02:28,520 --> 00:02:32,320 Speaker 1: His mother ordered numerous portraits of her children, and she'd 47 00:02:32,320 --> 00:02:35,440 Speaker 1: often hire in troops of actors and other performers just 48 00:02:35,520 --> 00:02:39,120 Speaker 1: to keep them entertained. And that's not unusual for royal 49 00:02:39,120 --> 00:02:41,680 Speaker 1: families at the time, but she is usually described as 50 00:02:41,720 --> 00:02:46,800 Speaker 1: being really quite doting on her children on Some historians 51 00:02:46,919 --> 00:02:50,359 Speaker 1: kind of suggest that that is what kind of fosters 52 00:02:50,400 --> 00:02:52,400 Speaker 1: some of their bad behavior as they grew up, that 53 00:02:52,440 --> 00:02:55,400 Speaker 1: they just were kind of spoiled um. The castle was 54 00:02:55,400 --> 00:02:57,720 Speaker 1: also filled with entertainments of its own. They had a 55 00:02:57,760 --> 00:03:01,160 Speaker 1: private zoo of exotic creatures and many of domestic animals 56 00:03:01,160 --> 00:03:05,040 Speaker 1: available for the young children's and amusements, and they also 57 00:03:05,120 --> 00:03:10,120 Speaker 1: had companion children the family would kind of hire in 58 00:03:10,240 --> 00:03:13,200 Speaker 1: and keep handy so that each of the royal children 59 00:03:13,320 --> 00:03:16,480 Speaker 1: had another child their same age that they could play with. 60 00:03:17,720 --> 00:03:20,480 Speaker 1: As you would probably expect, the royal siblings were very 61 00:03:20,520 --> 00:03:24,960 Speaker 1: well educated as a child, Charles showed some natural artistic ability, 62 00:03:25,240 --> 00:03:27,920 Speaker 1: and he seemed to really enjoy literature and writing, but 63 00:03:28,040 --> 00:03:31,919 Speaker 1: he wasn't that eager about being a scholar. His school 64 00:03:31,960 --> 00:03:34,280 Speaker 1: work had more to do with making his mother happy 65 00:03:34,520 --> 00:03:37,960 Speaker 1: than learning things for himself. So in the summer of 66 00:03:38,000 --> 00:03:41,520 Speaker 1: fifteen fifty nine, Catherine and King Henry the Second's daughter Elizabeth, 67 00:03:41,600 --> 00:03:44,320 Speaker 1: who was four years older than Charles, was married to 68 00:03:44,440 --> 00:03:47,840 Speaker 1: King Philip the Second of Spain in a proxy ceremony, 69 00:03:48,080 --> 00:03:52,040 Speaker 1: and during this celebration, uh King Henry participated in a 70 00:03:52,120 --> 00:03:56,520 Speaker 1: joust and there was an accidents. Unfortunately, his opponent's lance 71 00:03:56,560 --> 00:04:01,080 Speaker 1: actually shattered and the King's face was penetrated by splinters 72 00:04:01,120 --> 00:04:05,160 Speaker 1: from this damaged weapon in multiple places. Over the course 73 00:04:05,200 --> 00:04:08,760 Speaker 1: of the next eleven days, Henry became progressively more and 74 00:04:08,800 --> 00:04:11,520 Speaker 1: more ill due to infection and swelling and a lot 75 00:04:11,560 --> 00:04:14,440 Speaker 1: of various problems going on, and he eventually succumbed to 76 00:04:14,480 --> 00:04:19,159 Speaker 1: those wounds and died on July tenth nine. When Henry 77 00:04:19,200 --> 00:04:22,040 Speaker 1: the second died, his son, Francis the Second, became the 78 00:04:22,120 --> 00:04:25,600 Speaker 1: king of France, but Francis, who was married to Mary, 79 00:04:25,680 --> 00:04:28,320 Speaker 1: Queen of Scott's, did not reign for very long, just 80 00:04:28,480 --> 00:04:32,799 Speaker 1: seventeen months. During that time, the teenage king was really 81 00:04:32,920 --> 00:04:36,760 Speaker 1: influenced by Mary's family, and while the Protestant Huguenots of 82 00:04:36,839 --> 00:04:42,200 Speaker 1: France wanted religious freedom, Mary's uncles were very, very Catholic 83 00:04:42,279 --> 00:04:47,520 Speaker 1: and very against this idea. Eventually, Francis, his uncle's in law, 84 00:04:48,640 --> 00:04:52,960 Speaker 1: engineered the execution of fifty seven Hugueno conspirators who were 85 00:04:52,960 --> 00:04:56,960 Speaker 1: put to death for treason. Charles, of course, being a 86 00:04:57,000 --> 00:04:59,760 Speaker 1: young boy and and part of this royal family, witnessed 87 00:04:59,800 --> 00:05:02,920 Speaker 1: the entire spectacle of this execution along with the rest 88 00:05:03,000 --> 00:05:08,000 Speaker 1: of his family. Francis the second, who had tuberculosis, died 89 00:05:08,040 --> 00:05:10,640 Speaker 1: of an abscess behind his ear on the evening of 90 00:05:10,720 --> 00:05:15,279 Speaker 1: December five, fifteen sixty and at that moment the crown 91 00:05:15,360 --> 00:05:19,800 Speaker 1: went to his younger brother Charles the night and before 92 00:05:19,880 --> 00:05:22,320 Speaker 1: we get onto kind of Charles as a child king, 93 00:05:22,400 --> 00:05:23,839 Speaker 1: it's a little early, but I want to go ahead 94 00:05:23,839 --> 00:05:26,800 Speaker 1: and do a sponsor break here, because that way we 95 00:05:26,839 --> 00:05:29,159 Speaker 1: can keep kind of the next chunk of the story altogether. 96 00:05:29,200 --> 00:05:31,960 Speaker 1: So is that cool with you, Tracy, it is, let's 97 00:05:32,000 --> 00:05:34,080 Speaker 1: do it. 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He was only ten 122 00:06:49,800 --> 00:06:53,480 Speaker 1: when his brother died, so his mother, Catherine was named 123 00:06:53,480 --> 00:06:56,159 Speaker 1: as regent, and in this role, she did everything that 124 00:06:56,200 --> 00:06:58,680 Speaker 1: a ruler would normally do, and she stayed by her 125 00:06:58,680 --> 00:07:03,080 Speaker 1: son's side at almost all times. For the rare occasions 126 00:07:03,120 --> 00:07:05,440 Speaker 1: when she wasn't with Charles, the servants, of course, were 127 00:07:05,440 --> 00:07:08,480 Speaker 1: expected to report back to her on even the most 128 00:07:08,640 --> 00:07:12,600 Speaker 1: minute details and what he was up to. And again 129 00:07:12,640 --> 00:07:15,360 Speaker 1: that that's one of those things that people will talk 130 00:07:15,440 --> 00:07:18,040 Speaker 1: about in history when they're talking about royal families, but 131 00:07:18,040 --> 00:07:21,600 Speaker 1: it really is not that unusual. I think most royal parents, 132 00:07:22,080 --> 00:07:24,720 Speaker 1: particularly as you go further back, the habit was kind 133 00:07:24,720 --> 00:07:27,480 Speaker 1: of to keep constant tabs on their kids as they 134 00:07:27,480 --> 00:07:31,360 Speaker 1: were doing things. I'm using the air quotes on their 135 00:07:31,360 --> 00:07:33,440 Speaker 1: own because they were never really on their own. But 136 00:07:33,640 --> 00:07:37,320 Speaker 1: from early on, Charles had shown some signs of mental illness. 137 00:07:37,600 --> 00:07:42,080 Speaker 1: And this really manifested initially, is these fits, uh, that 138 00:07:42,520 --> 00:07:44,840 Speaker 1: could be attributed to the frustration of a child, like 139 00:07:44,840 --> 00:07:47,120 Speaker 1: we have all seen a toddler kind of hit the 140 00:07:47,160 --> 00:07:49,400 Speaker 1: wall where they can't they don't have the language skills 141 00:07:49,440 --> 00:07:51,280 Speaker 1: to like explain themselves, so they just kind of have 142 00:07:51,360 --> 00:07:54,960 Speaker 1: these rage fits. But the problem was that this continued 143 00:07:55,160 --> 00:07:57,720 Speaker 1: for Charles long past the age where that behavior is 144 00:07:57,720 --> 00:08:00,840 Speaker 1: considered normal and part of the growing cycle. He was 145 00:08:00,880 --> 00:08:05,000 Speaker 1: also physically pretty weak, although he enjoyed being physically active 146 00:08:05,040 --> 00:08:07,920 Speaker 1: at the same time. He also wasn't the only one 147 00:08:07,960 --> 00:08:11,520 Speaker 1: in his family who was prone to developing infections and 148 00:08:11,560 --> 00:08:15,680 Speaker 1: displaying these kind of rage tantrums. His brothers had the 149 00:08:15,720 --> 00:08:20,000 Speaker 1: same characteristics. Yeah, this is pretty consistent throughout the family. 150 00:08:20,480 --> 00:08:25,640 Speaker 1: H Charles was also obsessively interested in hunting. Uh hunting, 151 00:08:25,720 --> 00:08:29,240 Speaker 1: you know, very popular, but he was really obsessed with it, 152 00:08:29,320 --> 00:08:32,800 Speaker 1: and the sight of blood during these excursions got him 153 00:08:32,920 --> 00:08:36,440 Speaker 1: really excited, and he seemed to start to crave that excitement, 154 00:08:36,480 --> 00:08:40,000 Speaker 1: almost like an addiction. He got lots of excitement outside 155 00:08:40,000 --> 00:08:43,200 Speaker 1: of hunting. Due to the ongoing religious tensions in France. 156 00:08:43,800 --> 00:08:47,000 Speaker 1: In fifteen sixty two, Francis of Gieves, who was one 157 00:08:47,040 --> 00:08:49,320 Speaker 1: of the same uncles of Mary, Queen of Scott's, who 158 00:08:49,400 --> 00:08:53,800 Speaker 1: had been so influential over his older brother, briefly kidnapped 159 00:08:53,920 --> 00:08:56,960 Speaker 1: Charles and his mother, threatening that if the young king 160 00:08:57,080 --> 00:09:00,680 Speaker 1: entertained any ideas about becoming a Protestant, they really had 161 00:09:00,679 --> 00:09:04,319 Speaker 1: no qualms with getting a new king. Yeah, you can 162 00:09:04,360 --> 00:09:06,640 Speaker 1: imagine how that would be a terrifying event for a 163 00:09:07,000 --> 00:09:11,160 Speaker 1: young child. You know, again, he was only ten when 164 00:09:11,200 --> 00:09:13,880 Speaker 1: his when he became king, even though he wasn't really 165 00:09:13,960 --> 00:09:16,120 Speaker 1: ruling at that point. So this is a lot to 166 00:09:16,160 --> 00:09:20,720 Speaker 1: deal with. Uh. Three years after Frances had died, so 167 00:09:20,960 --> 00:09:23,680 Speaker 1: Charles would have been on the on the throne, but 168 00:09:23,760 --> 00:09:27,240 Speaker 1: with his mother ruling his regent. UH. Charles turned thirteen 169 00:09:27,440 --> 00:09:30,400 Speaker 1: and shortly after this he was proclaimed king without his 170 00:09:30,440 --> 00:09:33,480 Speaker 1: mother's regency. And you may think that this would have 171 00:09:33,480 --> 00:09:35,600 Speaker 1: been a problem for Catherine, but you would be wrong, 172 00:09:35,800 --> 00:09:39,480 Speaker 1: because she still held the power. Charles was very young 173 00:09:39,679 --> 00:09:42,120 Speaker 1: and indecisive and as we said, kind of physically weak, 174 00:09:42,600 --> 00:09:45,000 Speaker 1: and he already showed these signs of mental illness. And 175 00:09:45,080 --> 00:09:47,840 Speaker 1: now Catherine was in this position where really she was 176 00:09:47,880 --> 00:09:51,600 Speaker 1: still making the decisions. She had that much influence, but 177 00:09:51,760 --> 00:09:54,840 Speaker 1: Charles was the one that was ultimately held responsible for them. 178 00:09:55,280 --> 00:09:58,440 Speaker 1: Charles had been named king in August of fifteen sixty three, 179 00:09:58,559 --> 00:10:01,000 Speaker 1: and starting in fifteen sixty or he started a two 180 00:10:01,080 --> 00:10:03,480 Speaker 1: year tour of France at the insistence of his mother. 181 00:10:04,400 --> 00:10:07,000 Speaker 1: In part, this is intended to show off the strength 182 00:10:07,040 --> 00:10:09,680 Speaker 1: of the royal house and really try to unite the 183 00:10:09,720 --> 00:10:12,959 Speaker 1: French under the king, but the Catholics and the Huguenots 184 00:10:13,040 --> 00:10:19,080 Speaker 1: continued their bitter conflict. And during this sort of tour 185 00:10:19,160 --> 00:10:21,760 Speaker 1: of France and these travels, one of the first real 186 00:10:22,040 --> 00:10:25,000 Speaker 1: acts of violence on Charles's part took place at one 187 00:10:25,040 --> 00:10:27,920 Speaker 1: of the first times that we have actual documentation of 188 00:10:28,000 --> 00:10:32,320 Speaker 1: him kind of being violent outside sort of a normal 189 00:10:32,360 --> 00:10:37,480 Speaker 1: scenario like hunting. Um While he and his mother and 190 00:10:37,559 --> 00:10:40,640 Speaker 1: his entourage were traveling from their starting point of Fontainebleeu 191 00:10:40,760 --> 00:10:44,480 Speaker 1: to their next destination, Charles came across a pig that 192 00:10:44,559 --> 00:10:48,760 Speaker 1: had recently given birth, and he wanted to try to 193 00:10:48,840 --> 00:10:50,800 Speaker 1: pick up one of the piglets, and when he tried 194 00:10:50,840 --> 00:10:54,200 Speaker 1: to handle it, the sow attacked him, and his reaction 195 00:10:54,360 --> 00:10:57,280 Speaker 1: was incredibly brutal, and he killed the pig and orphaned 196 00:10:57,320 --> 00:10:59,839 Speaker 1: the litter and kind of left it at that, and 197 00:11:00,200 --> 00:11:03,560 Speaker 1: it was again outside sort of the uh, you know, 198 00:11:03,600 --> 00:11:05,439 Speaker 1: it wasn't like going on a hunt. It was killing 199 00:11:05,440 --> 00:11:08,640 Speaker 1: this mother animal and orphaning all of her piglets. And 200 00:11:08,920 --> 00:11:10,760 Speaker 1: it's really the first time that we see him just 201 00:11:10,800 --> 00:11:15,640 Speaker 1: being brutal in kind of a senseless way throughout the 202 00:11:15,679 --> 00:11:19,199 Speaker 1: rest of the royal tour, he performed various acts of diplomacy, 203 00:11:19,240 --> 00:11:22,160 Speaker 1: and he made public appearances. Some of the meetings he 204 00:11:22,200 --> 00:11:24,520 Speaker 1: and his mother took with the Catholic royals of Spain 205 00:11:24,640 --> 00:11:27,680 Speaker 1: really stirred the pot with the French wars of religion, 206 00:11:28,120 --> 00:11:31,640 Speaker 1: because the Hugenos saw these meetings is likely being alliance 207 00:11:31,720 --> 00:11:34,760 Speaker 1: meetings with their enemies. At this point, we should point 208 00:11:34,760 --> 00:11:38,120 Speaker 1: out that Charles did not remain physically weak for the 209 00:11:38,280 --> 00:11:40,280 Speaker 1: entirety of his life. We mentioned as a child he 210 00:11:40,320 --> 00:11:42,600 Speaker 1: was kind of frail um, and as he passed through 211 00:11:42,640 --> 00:11:45,000 Speaker 1: adolescence he grew a great deal, although he did always 212 00:11:45,000 --> 00:11:48,640 Speaker 1: stay very thin, but he became quite tall um, and 213 00:11:48,679 --> 00:11:50,920 Speaker 1: he just wasn't seen as so much frail, although I 214 00:11:50,920 --> 00:11:52,760 Speaker 1: don't think anyone would ever describe him as like a 215 00:11:52,840 --> 00:11:58,679 Speaker 1: hulking uh specimen of strength and fitness. But as his 216 00:11:58,720 --> 00:12:01,880 Speaker 1: physical stature grew, his mental state really kind of took 217 00:12:01,920 --> 00:12:05,760 Speaker 1: the opposite track and started to deteriorate. He was very 218 00:12:05,800 --> 00:12:08,800 Speaker 1: close to his younger sister, Marguerite, who you'll also see 219 00:12:09,120 --> 00:12:12,560 Speaker 1: with that as Margaret and sometimes even Marco, and his 220 00:12:12,679 --> 00:12:17,120 Speaker 1: behavior was peppered more and more with these angry rages. 221 00:12:17,760 --> 00:12:19,760 Speaker 1: It started to seem like his sister was the only 222 00:12:19,800 --> 00:12:21,640 Speaker 1: one who was safe from this and who could help 223 00:12:21,640 --> 00:12:28,080 Speaker 1: calm him down. Even his mother started to gradually fear him. Yeah, 224 00:12:28,200 --> 00:12:31,040 Speaker 1: I mean he was always sort of like a hair 225 00:12:31,080 --> 00:12:35,880 Speaker 1: trigger kind of potential violent person to be around, which 226 00:12:36,000 --> 00:12:40,760 Speaker 1: I can imagine is no fun whatsoever. Charles also contracted tuberculosis, 227 00:12:40,800 --> 00:12:44,280 Speaker 1: just as his brother Francis had, and he came quite 228 00:12:44,320 --> 00:12:47,280 Speaker 1: near to dying from it in eight but he did 229 00:12:47,320 --> 00:12:51,040 Speaker 1: recover from that, although after that point his health was 230 00:12:51,080 --> 00:12:55,800 Speaker 1: fairly inconsistent. Eventually he developed an abscess in one of 231 00:12:55,880 --> 00:12:58,560 Speaker 1: his arms from being bled routinely in an effort to 232 00:12:58,600 --> 00:13:02,439 Speaker 1: fight this tuberculosis, but even so he managed to recover 233 00:13:02,640 --> 00:13:06,800 Speaker 1: and continue his reign. As he recovered from this prolonged illness, 234 00:13:06,880 --> 00:13:10,040 Speaker 1: Charles found love. He met Marie Touchet, and although she 235 00:13:10,120 --> 00:13:12,760 Speaker 1: was from a bougeois family, Catherine approved of her son 236 00:13:12,880 --> 00:13:16,080 Speaker 1: taking her as a mistress. She seemed to truly care 237 00:13:16,200 --> 00:13:21,120 Speaker 1: for Charles, and she helped calm his unsettled temper. Yeah, 238 00:13:21,240 --> 00:13:23,760 Speaker 1: much like his sister, Like basically anybody that could be 239 00:13:23,800 --> 00:13:26,000 Speaker 1: around it would help keep him a little more relaxed 240 00:13:26,000 --> 00:13:28,120 Speaker 1: and a little less likely to be violent. Catherine was 241 00:13:28,679 --> 00:13:32,880 Speaker 1: game for that plan. But soon after, in fifteen seventy, 242 00:13:33,240 --> 00:13:36,160 Speaker 1: the twenty year old Charles also got married, so he 243 00:13:36,240 --> 00:13:39,640 Speaker 1: kept Touche as his mistress, but he married Elizabeth of Austria. 244 00:13:39,920 --> 00:13:43,720 Speaker 1: And Charles is said to have actually loved both Elizabeth 245 00:13:43,840 --> 00:13:46,520 Speaker 1: and Marie Touche, and the three of them seemed to 246 00:13:46,559 --> 00:13:50,640 Speaker 1: get along fine. You know, Touche understood her position as mistress, 247 00:13:50,720 --> 00:13:53,079 Speaker 1: and she was very respectful of his wife, and the 248 00:13:53,160 --> 00:13:57,080 Speaker 1: wife didn't seem to have, you know, any real issues 249 00:13:57,120 --> 00:13:59,640 Speaker 1: of animosity or jealousy over the mistress. Like the kind 250 00:13:59,640 --> 00:14:02,880 Speaker 1: of all worked it out. Charles and Elizabeth had a 251 00:14:02,960 --> 00:14:05,840 Speaker 1: daughter named Marie Elizabeth, and this was two years after 252 00:14:05,880 --> 00:14:08,480 Speaker 1: they got married, but unfortunately the child died at the 253 00:14:08,480 --> 00:14:13,200 Speaker 1: age of six. Charles also had a son, Charles de Vaudois, 254 00:14:13,320 --> 00:14:16,839 Speaker 1: with his mistress Marie, the year after Marie Elizabeth was born, 255 00:14:17,040 --> 00:14:19,960 Speaker 1: and that son lived to adulthood and he eventually became 256 00:14:20,000 --> 00:14:24,480 Speaker 1: Duke of Angouleme. And before we hopped to some of 257 00:14:24,520 --> 00:14:27,400 Speaker 1: the more important kind of political events that were happening 258 00:14:27,400 --> 00:14:30,440 Speaker 1: at the time of Charles's reign. So the series of 259 00:14:30,480 --> 00:14:34,440 Speaker 1: religious conflicts between French Catholics and Protestants went on in phases. 260 00:14:34,960 --> 00:14:37,520 Speaker 1: We referred earlier to the French Wars of religion, and 261 00:14:37,680 --> 00:14:40,080 Speaker 1: these are they? Uh, And these went on from April 262 00:14:40,120 --> 00:14:43,600 Speaker 1: fifteen sixty two to May. But they were kind of 263 00:14:43,640 --> 00:14:46,640 Speaker 1: in pockets. It wasn't always continuous. There would be moments 264 00:14:46,640 --> 00:14:50,280 Speaker 1: of peace and then it would break into another you know, 265 00:14:50,560 --> 00:14:52,400 Speaker 1: fight again, and then they would reach an accord and 266 00:14:52,440 --> 00:14:55,320 Speaker 1: that wouldn't last. But during the reign of Charles the Ninth, 267 00:14:55,400 --> 00:14:59,280 Speaker 1: when Catherine de Medici was still incredibly powerful, the politics 268 00:14:59,280 --> 00:15:03,000 Speaker 1: of French were actually a huge factor and influence in 269 00:15:03,000 --> 00:15:08,760 Speaker 1: these wars. Charles's younger brother, Alexandra Eduard, the Duke d'Anjou, 270 00:15:09,320 --> 00:15:13,240 Speaker 1: defeated the Huguenos in battle in fifteen sixty nine. Has 271 00:15:13,280 --> 00:15:16,520 Speaker 1: made nineteen year old King Charles a Second incredibly jealous, 272 00:15:16,560 --> 00:15:19,960 Speaker 1: and it shifted his sympathies over to the Huguenos. Not 273 00:15:20,040 --> 00:15:22,840 Speaker 1: only did he not possess the military or physical prowess 274 00:15:22,880 --> 00:15:25,640 Speaker 1: that his brother did, his brother was also clearly his 275 00:15:25,680 --> 00:15:31,000 Speaker 1: mother's favorite, so Charles was doubly irritated by his success. Yeah, 276 00:15:31,120 --> 00:15:32,560 Speaker 1: so it kind of had more to do with a 277 00:15:33,320 --> 00:15:36,720 Speaker 1: this switch in kind of sympathies towards the Huguenot had 278 00:15:36,720 --> 00:15:39,120 Speaker 1: more to do with this brotherly rivalry than it really 279 00:15:39,120 --> 00:15:42,240 Speaker 1: had to do with the actual religious and political stuff 280 00:15:42,280 --> 00:15:46,640 Speaker 1: that was going on. But in one Charles met with 281 00:15:46,720 --> 00:15:51,480 Speaker 1: nobleman and Huguenot military leader Gaspard de Coligni, and Coligny 282 00:15:51,640 --> 00:15:54,240 Speaker 1: had this plan to go up against the Netherlands in Spain, 283 00:15:54,840 --> 00:15:56,960 Speaker 1: and he wanted the king to form an alliance and 284 00:15:57,080 --> 00:16:00,360 Speaker 1: unite the country's warring religious groups to do so. And 285 00:16:00,440 --> 00:16:02,880 Speaker 1: Charles was actually game for this uh and he was 286 00:16:02,920 --> 00:16:05,600 Speaker 1: extremely fond of Colony and is said to have actually 287 00:16:05,680 --> 00:16:10,440 Speaker 1: sometimes called him father. But Charles's mother wasn't really enthusiastic 288 00:16:10,440 --> 00:16:14,120 Speaker 1: about her son's political friends. While she had initially taken 289 00:16:14,160 --> 00:16:18,640 Speaker 1: a stance in favor of reconciliation with Huguenos, particularly after 290 00:16:18,880 --> 00:16:23,560 Speaker 1: Mary's Catholic uncle had kidnapped her and Charles, Catherine felt 291 00:16:23,600 --> 00:16:27,480 Speaker 1: threatened by the influence that Gaspard Dick Colony had over 292 00:16:27,520 --> 00:16:31,720 Speaker 1: her son. While there's some debate over who exactly ordered 293 00:16:31,760 --> 00:16:34,320 Speaker 1: the move, it's believed by a lot of historians that 294 00:16:34,480 --> 00:16:40,280 Speaker 1: Catherine conspired to have Colony assassinated. That effort ultimately failed 295 00:16:40,440 --> 00:16:43,760 Speaker 1: and he was only wounded. The Hugano Protestants were of 296 00:16:43,800 --> 00:16:46,480 Speaker 1: course angered at this attack, and King Charles the Second 297 00:16:46,520 --> 00:16:51,760 Speaker 1: promised to investigate. And irritated by the failure of her 298 00:16:51,760 --> 00:16:55,800 Speaker 1: move against Colonny, Catherine kind of took the situation as 299 00:16:55,840 --> 00:16:58,680 Speaker 1: it was and took a new tactic. She advised her 300 00:16:58,680 --> 00:17:01,280 Speaker 1: son that the safest course of action was to have 301 00:17:01,520 --> 00:17:04,840 Speaker 1: all of the Hugueno leaders killed and to strike decisively 302 00:17:04,960 --> 00:17:10,400 Speaker 1: and quickly. Charles agreed to this plan sort of. Her 303 00:17:10,440 --> 00:17:13,480 Speaker 1: haranguing had sent him into a fit of rage, eventually 304 00:17:14,040 --> 00:17:16,960 Speaker 1: until he finally yelled, kill the admiral if you wish, 305 00:17:17,080 --> 00:17:19,199 Speaker 1: but you must kill all the Huguenos so that not 306 00:17:19,280 --> 00:17:22,480 Speaker 1: one is left alive to reproach me. Kill the lot, 307 00:17:22,720 --> 00:17:27,920 Speaker 1: Kill the lot, killed the lot. Conveniently, during all the scheming, 308 00:17:28,000 --> 00:17:32,080 Speaker 1: the king's sister, Marguerite de Valois, was marrying Henri of Navarre, 309 00:17:32,160 --> 00:17:34,800 Speaker 1: who was the leader of the Huguenos, so that meant 310 00:17:35,040 --> 00:17:37,679 Speaker 1: all of the other Hugueno leaders were in town to 311 00:17:37,840 --> 00:17:42,080 Speaker 1: celebrate their wedding. But before we get to the massacre, 312 00:17:42,840 --> 00:17:45,920 Speaker 1: I want to talk a little bit about this wedding, uh, 313 00:17:45,960 --> 00:17:49,680 Speaker 1: and not in a romantic Let's discuss the dress going away. 314 00:17:49,760 --> 00:17:53,480 Speaker 1: But if you think Charles's sister, Marguerite was miffed at 315 00:17:53,480 --> 00:17:56,360 Speaker 1: being married off to Henri of Navarre, you would be correct. 316 00:17:57,359 --> 00:18:00,920 Speaker 1: While the two siblings, Charles and Argo had been close 317 00:18:00,960 --> 00:18:04,520 Speaker 1: when they were younger, in fifteen seventy, Margot had been 318 00:18:04,560 --> 00:18:07,400 Speaker 1: caught alone with a lover in the in a bedroom 319 00:18:07,400 --> 00:18:11,040 Speaker 1: of the royal home, and Charles was so enraged by 320 00:18:11,080 --> 00:18:13,960 Speaker 1: this event that he brutally beat his sister in front 321 00:18:13,960 --> 00:18:19,080 Speaker 1: of their mother until she lost consciousness. Her lover, Henri 322 00:18:19,200 --> 00:18:22,000 Speaker 1: de Guiz, was soon married off to a wealthy noblewoman 323 00:18:22,080 --> 00:18:24,800 Speaker 1: and kind of gotten out of the picture. The rift 324 00:18:24,880 --> 00:18:27,640 Speaker 1: between the brother and sister stayed around for the next 325 00:18:27,680 --> 00:18:30,639 Speaker 1: two years, but then it widened into a gulf when 326 00:18:30,680 --> 00:18:33,240 Speaker 1: it was announced that Marguerite would be married to Nri 327 00:18:33,359 --> 00:18:36,479 Speaker 1: of Navarre. The bride and groom had known each other 328 00:18:36,520 --> 00:18:40,000 Speaker 1: since they were children, and there was absolutely no affection 329 00:18:40,080 --> 00:18:44,199 Speaker 1: between them. Marguerite was fastidious and obsessed with cleoonists, and 330 00:18:44,320 --> 00:18:50,120 Speaker 1: Henri was not. He had a reputation for his odor yeah, 331 00:18:50,119 --> 00:18:53,920 Speaker 1: and she had the opposite reputation. She is uh alleged 332 00:18:53,960 --> 00:18:56,520 Speaker 1: to have been one of those rare people who bathed 333 00:18:56,520 --> 00:18:59,320 Speaker 1: every single day during this time, which was not necessarily 334 00:18:59,359 --> 00:19:03,720 Speaker 1: common uh And during the marriage ceremony, Margot is said 335 00:19:03,760 --> 00:19:06,320 Speaker 1: to have stood silent rather than utter the words of 336 00:19:06,359 --> 00:19:09,040 Speaker 1: consent to the union when the Cardinal asked it of her, 337 00:19:09,480 --> 00:19:12,959 Speaker 1: and this became an uncomfortable silence, and eventually Charles, who 338 00:19:13,040 --> 00:19:17,560 Speaker 1: had just grown furious at her behavior, stepped behind her 339 00:19:17,600 --> 00:19:20,000 Speaker 1: and pushed her head forward and down in a not 340 00:19:20,160 --> 00:19:25,280 Speaker 1: of consent. So the massacre and the pre dawn hours 341 00:19:25,280 --> 00:19:30,720 Speaker 1: of August colony was thrown from his bedroom window. He 342 00:19:30,760 --> 00:19:33,359 Speaker 1: had already been severely beaten and stabbed, and he was 343 00:19:33,440 --> 00:19:37,080 Speaker 1: beheaded in the street. This, along with the murders of 344 00:19:37,119 --> 00:19:40,439 Speaker 1: additional key figures of Hugeno leadership, many of whom were 345 00:19:40,480 --> 00:19:42,800 Speaker 1: slain in the Royal Palace where they were wedding guests, 346 00:19:43,160 --> 00:19:46,280 Speaker 1: set off a chain reaction of events now known as 347 00:19:46,280 --> 00:19:50,560 Speaker 1: the St. Barth Almew's Day Massacre. As news of the 348 00:19:50,640 --> 00:19:56,159 Speaker 1: Hugeno leadership's demise spread, Catholic mobs began attacking and killing 349 00:19:56,240 --> 00:20:00,720 Speaker 1: Huguenos throughout the city. The slaughter was just rutal, and 350 00:20:00,760 --> 00:20:03,639 Speaker 1: it went on and on. On August twenty, Charles was 351 00:20:03,640 --> 00:20:05,639 Speaker 1: attempting to put an end to it by means of 352 00:20:05,640 --> 00:20:08,560 Speaker 1: a royal order, but no one paid any attention. As 353 00:20:08,600 --> 00:20:11,280 Speaker 1: the weeks went on, the carnage spread out from Harris 354 00:20:11,280 --> 00:20:14,400 Speaker 1: into the country. It went on for almost two months. 355 00:20:14,960 --> 00:20:17,520 Speaker 1: A rough estimate of the death toll is about seventy 356 00:20:17,720 --> 00:20:21,720 Speaker 1: thousand Huguenot Protestants. Several of those were in Paris alone. 357 00:20:22,160 --> 00:20:24,040 Speaker 1: And I wanted to take a side note here. This 358 00:20:24,080 --> 00:20:29,159 Speaker 1: is actually the first use of the word massacre in English. Uh. 359 00:20:29,600 --> 00:20:31,720 Speaker 1: And a lot of the people who were killed were 360 00:20:31,760 --> 00:20:35,000 Speaker 1: just like working at their shops, are going about their 361 00:20:35,040 --> 00:20:37,760 Speaker 1: normal daily lives when people burst in and and cut 362 00:20:37,800 --> 00:20:41,240 Speaker 1: them down. Um. The reason I know that is because 363 00:20:41,240 --> 00:20:43,480 Speaker 1: back when we did our episode about the Boston massacre, 364 00:20:44,560 --> 00:20:48,080 Speaker 1: which had an extremely small number of people who were killed, 365 00:20:48,280 --> 00:20:50,200 Speaker 1: a lot of people that got angry that we didn't 366 00:20:50,280 --> 00:20:54,000 Speaker 1: approach that with the proper gravita or like massacres weren't 367 00:20:54,000 --> 00:20:56,879 Speaker 1: that big at the time. No, this is the first 368 00:20:57,040 --> 00:20:59,480 Speaker 1: time that the word massacre appeared in English, and it 369 00:20:59,560 --> 00:21:02,880 Speaker 1: was horror bowl. Yeah. And I will say there are 370 00:21:02,920 --> 00:21:08,680 Speaker 1: debates over the accuracy of those counts. Uh. Some people 371 00:21:08,720 --> 00:21:11,240 Speaker 1: will say the seventy thousand estimate is way too high 372 00:21:11,320 --> 00:21:14,760 Speaker 1: and that the several thousand that were in Paris may 373 00:21:14,840 --> 00:21:16,719 Speaker 1: or may not be accurate as well, but we know 374 00:21:16,840 --> 00:21:19,720 Speaker 1: that it was tens of thousands, So even if it 375 00:21:19,880 --> 00:21:22,400 Speaker 1: was half that, you're still talking about a great deal 376 00:21:22,400 --> 00:21:26,800 Speaker 1: of people. Uh. Honri of Navarre, however, despite being a 377 00:21:26,880 --> 00:21:32,440 Speaker 1: Huguenot leader, actually survived the massacre because he converted to Catholicism. 378 00:21:32,480 --> 00:21:37,000 Speaker 1: He was kind of swept away, uh by royal guards 379 00:21:37,000 --> 00:21:39,520 Speaker 1: and kind of given this option. It sounds like, uh, 380 00:21:39,560 --> 00:21:43,000 Speaker 1: he would eventually rule France with Marguerite's queen, but that 381 00:21:43,000 --> 00:21:46,000 Speaker 1: wouldn't be for a bit. Then. This move was also 382 00:21:46,240 --> 00:21:48,960 Speaker 1: intended to quell the Huguano uprising, but what it really 383 00:21:49,000 --> 00:21:51,120 Speaker 1: did was to kick off the fourth of the eight 384 00:21:51,200 --> 00:21:55,200 Speaker 1: French religious wars. Yes, as I mentioned earlier, those those 385 00:21:55,240 --> 00:21:57,359 Speaker 1: wars kind of ebbed and flowed and went on and 386 00:21:57,359 --> 00:22:01,040 Speaker 1: would erupt in in individuals sort of what they call wars, 387 00:22:01,119 --> 00:22:03,120 Speaker 1: but they went on through this long period of time, 388 00:22:03,119 --> 00:22:05,439 Speaker 1: and they're all linked, all eight of them, as the 389 00:22:05,440 --> 00:22:10,480 Speaker 1: French religious wars. We mentioned earlier that Charles had developed 390 00:22:10,520 --> 00:22:14,560 Speaker 1: this serious passion for hunting, which is kind of a 391 00:22:14,640 --> 00:22:16,760 Speaker 1: very gentle way to put it, and it seems that 392 00:22:16,880 --> 00:22:20,680 Speaker 1: his obsession with it intensified as he grew and became 393 00:22:20,720 --> 00:22:23,399 Speaker 1: angrier and angrier, and he kind of developed this blood 394 00:22:23,440 --> 00:22:27,000 Speaker 1: lust for the hunt. His preference was to kill with 395 00:22:27,000 --> 00:22:29,240 Speaker 1: a knife because he wanted to be close to the 396 00:22:29,280 --> 00:22:33,480 Speaker 1: blood uh, and this seemed to help him sometimes vent 397 00:22:33,560 --> 00:22:37,480 Speaker 1: off his violent impulses, but it did not work long term. 398 00:22:37,560 --> 00:22:40,959 Speaker 1: He also developed a taste for torturing animals UH, and 399 00:22:41,040 --> 00:22:45,080 Speaker 1: he liked to lash servants rather violently. The stress of 400 00:22:45,160 --> 00:22:49,919 Speaker 1: his position, this ongoing physical problems, and the h the 401 00:22:50,040 --> 00:22:53,120 Speaker 1: tumult of the St. Bartholomew's Day massacre all really took 402 00:22:53,119 --> 00:22:57,000 Speaker 1: a tole on Charles. His temper became increasingly hair triggered, 403 00:22:57,040 --> 00:23:00,240 Speaker 1: and he would just fly into violent rages without any warning. 404 00:23:01,880 --> 00:23:03,879 Speaker 1: And as winter came on at the end of fifteen 405 00:23:03,920 --> 00:23:07,280 Speaker 1: seventy three, he was at this point really quite incredibly 406 00:23:07,320 --> 00:23:11,439 Speaker 1: frail uh, in constant pain as tuberculosis really took a 407 00:23:11,480 --> 00:23:14,320 Speaker 1: toll on his body. And his spring of fifteen seventy 408 00:23:14,320 --> 00:23:17,320 Speaker 1: four came on. He said to have been sweating blood 409 00:23:17,359 --> 00:23:22,600 Speaker 1: almost continuously, and he finally died on fifteen seventy four, 410 00:23:22,720 --> 00:23:25,880 Speaker 1: just a month shy of his twenty fourth birthday. It's 411 00:23:25,920 --> 00:23:29,720 Speaker 1: believed that Charles remained very melancholy about his involvement in 412 00:23:29,760 --> 00:23:32,119 Speaker 1: the Saint Bartholomew's Day massacre for the rest of his 413 00:23:32,160 --> 00:23:35,199 Speaker 1: short life, although I was not really mentioned when he 414 00:23:35,240 --> 00:23:39,760 Speaker 1: gave his confession on his deathbed, and he was after 415 00:23:39,800 --> 00:23:42,680 Speaker 1: he passed, succeeded by his brother Henry the third. So 416 00:23:42,720 --> 00:23:45,879 Speaker 1: that is our mad Royal du jour. And as I 417 00:23:45,880 --> 00:23:47,679 Speaker 1: said at the beginning, I was a little you know 418 00:23:48,240 --> 00:23:52,280 Speaker 1: um in the mad royal zone. He seems so much 419 00:23:52,320 --> 00:23:55,280 Speaker 1: to be an angry royal and I would be reluctant 420 00:23:55,280 --> 00:23:58,960 Speaker 1: to diagnose him as insane, but he certainly seems like 421 00:23:59,040 --> 00:24:02,040 Speaker 1: someone that is that un lest he must be dealing 422 00:24:02,080 --> 00:24:05,800 Speaker 1: with some severe mental illness. Uh, but that is the scoop. 423 00:24:05,920 --> 00:24:10,159 Speaker 1: But in peppier things, I have listener mail I have 424 00:24:10,320 --> 00:24:14,000 Speaker 1: to uh. One is our first is from Anne Marie 425 00:24:14,119 --> 00:24:16,840 Speaker 1: and she says good morning. As I'm catching up with 426 00:24:16,880 --> 00:24:19,000 Speaker 1: old episodes. I heard a bit of listener mail about 427 00:24:19,000 --> 00:24:21,520 Speaker 1: seeing lots of stray dogs in Egypt, and you two 428 00:24:21,600 --> 00:24:24,480 Speaker 1: mentioned people seeing them in other countries. While I was 429 00:24:24,480 --> 00:24:26,920 Speaker 1: in Belize last year, I asked our tour driver about 430 00:24:26,920 --> 00:24:29,520 Speaker 1: the number of doghouses we saw and mentioned how funny 431 00:24:29,520 --> 00:24:31,840 Speaker 1: it was to me to see a house with an 432 00:24:31,880 --> 00:24:34,679 Speaker 1: identical little mini dog house in the yard, and he 433 00:24:34,760 --> 00:24:37,399 Speaker 1: was surprised that we didn't have doghouses all over the US. 434 00:24:37,920 --> 00:24:39,600 Speaker 1: I said that since my boyfriend and I live in 435 00:24:39,640 --> 00:24:42,560 Speaker 1: an urban area, people keep their dogs indoors overnight, and 436 00:24:42,600 --> 00:24:44,280 Speaker 1: he found that very funny and said that it was 437 00:24:44,359 --> 00:24:46,360 Speaker 1: quite standard in his area to just let your dog 438 00:24:46,440 --> 00:24:49,080 Speaker 1: roam around town. So just because you see a dog 439 00:24:49,119 --> 00:24:51,000 Speaker 1: out on its own doesn't mean it isn't being fed 440 00:24:51,040 --> 00:24:53,920 Speaker 1: and loved. People may just have an entirely different approach 441 00:24:53,960 --> 00:24:56,720 Speaker 1: to pet ownership in different cultures. That's a good point, 442 00:24:56,760 --> 00:24:58,359 Speaker 1: a Marie. I'm glad you brought it up, because I 443 00:24:58,400 --> 00:25:00,240 Speaker 1: know I tend to look at it from the point 444 00:25:00,240 --> 00:25:03,400 Speaker 1: of view of being a little bit of a crazy 445 00:25:03,520 --> 00:25:06,040 Speaker 1: cat lady and a crazy animal lady, where I'm very 446 00:25:06,040 --> 00:25:09,280 Speaker 1: into the pampered pet thing. I also have another fun 447 00:25:09,359 --> 00:25:13,000 Speaker 1: piece of listener mail. Listen just makes me delighted because 448 00:25:13,040 --> 00:25:16,600 Speaker 1: it's on one of my pet uh subjects. And this 449 00:25:16,680 --> 00:25:20,600 Speaker 1: comes from our listener Lisa, and she says, harkening back 450 00:25:20,600 --> 00:25:23,520 Speaker 1: to here two parter on the Beloved Haunted Mansion at Disneyland. 451 00:25:23,640 --> 00:25:26,280 Speaker 1: I remember you talking about the hat Box Ghost, which 452 00:25:26,280 --> 00:25:29,080 Speaker 1: existed only very briefly when the mansion first opened, but 453 00:25:29,160 --> 00:25:32,280 Speaker 1: has been absent from the Happy Haunts since nineteen sixty nine, 454 00:25:32,600 --> 00:25:36,159 Speaker 1: thereby becoming a Disney fan favorite. You have probably already 455 00:25:36,160 --> 00:25:38,040 Speaker 1: heard the good news, but just in case you haven't, 456 00:25:38,160 --> 00:25:40,879 Speaker 1: I wanted to tell you that for disneyland sixty celebration, 457 00:25:40,920 --> 00:25:45,800 Speaker 1: which began on Friday, even though the actual anniversary isn't 458 00:25:45,840 --> 00:25:49,240 Speaker 1: until July seventeen, the wonderful people at Walt Disney Imagineering 459 00:25:49,240 --> 00:25:51,960 Speaker 1: have restored the hat Box Ghost to the Haunted Mansion attraction. 460 00:25:52,359 --> 00:25:54,560 Speaker 1: He's located on the right, just as you exit the 461 00:25:54,560 --> 00:25:57,160 Speaker 1: attic and start down into the graveyard scene. I saw 462 00:25:57,200 --> 00:25:59,560 Speaker 1: it today for the first time, and I am so excited. 463 00:26:00,000 --> 00:26:01,480 Speaker 1: I tried to get a decent photo of it to 464 00:26:01,520 --> 00:26:03,800 Speaker 1: send you, but my camera was not up to the task. 465 00:26:04,160 --> 00:26:06,840 Speaker 1: I did find Disney's official YouTube video about it, however, 466 00:26:06,920 --> 00:26:08,560 Speaker 1: which you can watch here, and she gives the link. 467 00:26:09,080 --> 00:26:12,040 Speaker 1: I was lucky enough. We've gotten several letters about the 468 00:26:12,040 --> 00:26:14,800 Speaker 1: hat Box ghosts and people letting us know that he 469 00:26:14,920 --> 00:26:17,919 Speaker 1: is back, and I was so fortunate because it just 470 00:26:17,920 --> 00:26:20,119 Speaker 1: worked out schedule wise, I was already planning to be 471 00:26:20,200 --> 00:26:23,000 Speaker 1: there on May nights, so I got to see him 472 00:26:23,040 --> 00:26:25,840 Speaker 1: on his first day back. Several times. It is very 473 00:26:25,840 --> 00:26:27,840 Speaker 1: hard to get a good photograph of him. At one point, 474 00:26:28,000 --> 00:26:31,960 Speaker 1: um when I was writing the following day, prankish Spirits 475 00:26:32,000 --> 00:26:35,439 Speaker 1: even stopped our doom buggies and I was almost directly 476 00:26:35,440 --> 00:26:36,879 Speaker 1: in front of him, and I still couldn't get a 477 00:26:36,920 --> 00:26:40,000 Speaker 1: good picture, even in stillness. So he's tricky to photograph, 478 00:26:40,200 --> 00:26:46,159 Speaker 1: absolutely beautiful like they did such a gorgeous job, uh 479 00:26:46,280 --> 00:26:49,600 Speaker 1: with reintegrating him back into the mansion, so I do 480 00:26:49,680 --> 00:26:52,600 Speaker 1: know about it. I'm super excited about it. I was 481 00:26:52,680 --> 00:26:54,680 Speaker 1: so delighted when I saw him. I was almost near 482 00:26:54,720 --> 00:26:57,960 Speaker 1: tears because I'm a big dork. But thank you for 483 00:26:58,000 --> 00:27:00,320 Speaker 1: everyone that's been writing us and sharing, and I love 484 00:27:00,359 --> 00:27:03,680 Speaker 1: hearing about everybody's experiences seeing him for the first time, 485 00:27:03,720 --> 00:27:06,000 Speaker 1: because it really is sort of just a delight and 486 00:27:06,080 --> 00:27:08,320 Speaker 1: a treat. And he's put in a really beautiful position 487 00:27:08,840 --> 00:27:11,440 Speaker 1: you cannot miss him, and you kind of get several 488 00:27:11,520 --> 00:27:15,400 Speaker 1: seconds of seeing him and his his wonderful little animation 489 00:27:15,440 --> 00:27:18,520 Speaker 1: and what happens to him. It's I could wax rapsodic 490 00:27:18,560 --> 00:27:20,800 Speaker 1: about it for a long time, but I will not. Instead, 491 00:27:20,840 --> 00:27:22,080 Speaker 1: I will tell you that if you would like to 492 00:27:22,080 --> 00:27:24,840 Speaker 1: send us your accounts of visiting hat box Ghost, you 493 00:27:24,880 --> 00:27:27,280 Speaker 1: can do that at History Podcast at how stuff works 494 00:27:27,280 --> 00:27:30,080 Speaker 1: dot com. You can also connect with us at Facebook, 495 00:27:30,520 --> 00:27:33,600 Speaker 1: Facebook dot com, slash missed in History, on Twitter at 496 00:27:33,600 --> 00:27:37,240 Speaker 1: missed in History, at missed in History dot tumbler dot com, 497 00:27:37,280 --> 00:27:40,040 Speaker 1: and at pinterest dot com slash missed in History. You 498 00:27:40,040 --> 00:27:42,120 Speaker 1: would like to purchase the mist in History good ease, 499 00:27:42,200 --> 00:27:44,760 Speaker 1: you can do that at missed in History dot spreadshirt 500 00:27:44,760 --> 00:27:48,639 Speaker 1: dot com. If you would like to research a topic 501 00:27:48,680 --> 00:27:52,040 Speaker 1: related to what we talked about today, you can go 502 00:27:52,119 --> 00:27:55,480 Speaker 1: to our parents site, how stubb Works. Type in uh 503 00:27:55,600 --> 00:27:58,960 Speaker 1: the word the phrase St. Bartholo Musday Massacre and you're 504 00:27:58,960 --> 00:28:01,879 Speaker 1: going to find an article ten Big Cases of Revenge, 505 00:28:02,280 --> 00:28:05,560 Speaker 1: which includes that massacre as well as nine other interesting 506 00:28:05,600 --> 00:28:09,480 Speaker 1: historical events. And if you would like to visit us online, 507 00:28:09,520 --> 00:28:11,200 Speaker 1: you can do that at missed in history dot com, 508 00:28:11,240 --> 00:28:14,560 Speaker 1: where we have a archive of all of our previous episodes, 509 00:28:14,600 --> 00:28:17,159 Speaker 1: including ones long before Tracy and I were here. We 510 00:28:17,240 --> 00:28:19,240 Speaker 1: have show notes from the time Tracy and I have 511 00:28:19,240 --> 00:28:22,200 Speaker 1: been on the show and forward. We also have other 512 00:28:22,240 --> 00:28:25,280 Speaker 1: little goodies occasionally, so it's worth checking out, and you 513 00:28:25,320 --> 00:28:27,200 Speaker 1: can do that again at missed in History dot com 514 00:28:27,359 --> 00:28:34,160 Speaker 1: or visit our parents site how stub works dot com 515 00:28:34,440 --> 00:28:36,880 Speaker 1: for more on this and thousands of other topics. Does 516 00:28:36,920 --> 00:28:37,920 Speaker 1: it has to have Works dot